WO2020011095A1 - 应用于电源适配器的控制电路和电源适配器 - Google Patents

应用于电源适配器的控制电路和电源适配器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020011095A1
WO2020011095A1 PCT/CN2019/094684 CN2019094684W WO2020011095A1 WO 2020011095 A1 WO2020011095 A1 WO 2020011095A1 CN 2019094684 W CN2019094684 W CN 2019094684W WO 2020011095 A1 WO2020011095 A1 WO 2020011095A1
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Prior art keywords
voltage
control unit
circuit
conversion unit
control circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/094684
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任杰
胡艳军
张学
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP19834811.2A priority Critical patent/EP3796531A4/en
Publication of WO2020011095A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020011095A1/zh
Priority to US17/144,323 priority patent/US11837957B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electronic circuits, and in particular, to a control circuit and a power adapter applied to a power adapter.
  • the power adapter is used in a variety of voltage conversion scenarios.
  • the power adapter usually includes a control circuit, which is used to control the on / off of the switching circuit of the primary circuit in the power adapter.
  • the control circuit may be, for example, a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller.
  • the Quick Charge Protocol supports output voltages from 3.6V to 12V
  • the Universal Serial Bus (USB) -power delivery specification supports output voltages from 5V to 12V
  • the charging protocol supports output voltages from 3.4V to 12V. Because the power supply voltage of the control circuit is usually provided by the auxiliary power supply, and the auxiliary power supply is usually a flyback power supply, the voltage provided by the auxiliary power supply usually has a proportional relationship with the output voltage of the secondary circuit.
  • the supply voltage provided by the auxiliary power supply to the control circuit also varies within a certain range. Therefore, when the output voltage of the power adapter is high, the power supply voltage provided by the auxiliary power supply to the control circuit is higher than the operating voltage required by the control circuit, which results in an increase in the power consumption of the auxiliary power supply, an increase in the heating of the power adapter, and an increase in efficiency. reduce.
  • the present application provides a control circuit, a power adapter and a chip applied to a power adapter, which can reduce power loss.
  • a control circuit including a voltage conversion unit and a switch control unit.
  • the voltage conversion unit is configured to receive a first DC voltage and generate a second DC voltage according to the first DC voltage.
  • the voltage conversion unit is configured to perform a step-up process on the first DC voltage to obtain the second DC voltage; Receiving the second DC voltage from the voltage conversion unit, and using the second DC voltage as the power supply voltage of the switch control unit, wherein the switch control unit is used to control the primary circuit of the power adapter; On and off of the switching circuit.
  • a voltage conversion unit is provided in a control circuit applicable to a power adapter.
  • the voltage conversion unit is capable of boosting the received first DC voltage and then boosting the second DC voltage Provided to the switch control circuit as a supply voltage. Therefore, the control circuit can receive a lower supply voltage for power supply, so as to reduce the power loss of the control circuit.
  • the voltage conversion unit when the first DC voltage is higher than an operating voltage of the switch control unit, the voltage conversion unit is further configured to apply voltage to the first The DC voltage is subjected to step-down processing to obtain the second DC voltage.
  • a voltage conversion unit is provided in a control circuit applicable to a power adapter, and the voltage conversion unit can further perform step-down processing on the received first DC voltage, and then step-down the second DC voltage
  • the voltage is supplied to the switch control circuit as a supply voltage. In order to improve the power supply efficiency of the control circuit.
  • the switching control unit when the first DC voltage is higher than an operating voltage of the switching control voltage, the switching control unit is further configured to receive the first A DC voltage, and using the first DC voltage as a power supply voltage of the switch control unit.
  • a voltage conversion unit is provided in a control circuit applicable to a power adapter, and the voltage conversion unit can also directly supply the received first DC voltage to the switch control circuit as a power supply voltage. In order to improve the flexibility of the power supply of the control circuit.
  • the voltage conversion unit includes a boost converter or a boost / buck converter.
  • the voltage conversion unit may be a boost converter or a step-up / step-down converter.
  • a switching converter the power consumption of the circuit can be saved.
  • the voltage conversion unit is a boost converter
  • the voltage conversion unit includes a boost control unit and a first switching circuit
  • the boost control unit is used for For detecting the first DC voltage, when the first DC voltage is less than the operating voltage of the switching control unit, the boost control unit is configured to control the on / off of the first switching circuit to The first DC voltage is boosted.
  • the voltage conversion unit further includes an inductor, a first diode, and a first output capacitor, and a first end of the inductor is configured to receive the first A DC voltage, the second end of the inductor, the anode of the first diode, and the first end of the first switching circuit are connected, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first output capacitor
  • the positive electrode is connected, the negative electrode of the first output capacitor and the second terminal of the first switching circuit are grounded.
  • the voltage conversion unit is a step-up / step-down converter
  • the voltage conversion unit includes a step-up / step-down control unit, a first switching circuit, and a first Two switching circuits
  • the step-up / step-down control unit is configured to detect the first DC voltage, and the step-up / step-down is performed when the first DC voltage is less than the working voltage of the switch control unit
  • the control unit is configured to control the on / off of the first switching circuit to perform a step-up process on the first DC voltage; and when the first DC voltage is greater than an operating voltage of the switch control unit, the The step-up / step-down control unit is further configured to control the on / off of the second switching circuit to perform step-down processing on the first DC voltage.
  • the voltage conversion unit further includes an inductor, a first diode, a second diode, and a first output capacitor. One end is used to receive the first DC voltage, the second end of the second switching circuit, the first end of the inductor is connected to the cathode of the second diode, and the second end of the inductor, The first end of the first switching circuit is connected to the anode of the first diode, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the first output capacitor, and the An anode, a negative electrode of the first output capacitor, and a second end of the first switching circuit are grounded; in a case where the voltage conversion unit performs a step-up process on the first DC voltage, the step-up / step-down
  • the voltage control unit is further configured to control the second switching circuit to be in an on state. In a case where the voltage conversion unit performs step-down processing on the first DC voltage, the step-up
  • the first DC voltage is an output voltage of an auxiliary power source in the power adapter, and the auxiliary power source is configured to receive a coupling voltage from the primary circuit. Energy and output the first DC voltage.
  • the first DC voltage may be an output voltage provided by an auxiliary power source in a power adapter. Because the voltage conversion unit can perform a step-up process on the received first DC voltage, Two DC voltages are provided to the switch control unit, thereby allowing the voltage provided by the auxiliary power supply to the control circuit to be maintained within a small variation range, reducing the power loss of the control circuit, and reducing the power consumption of the power adapter.
  • a power adapter including: a transformer including a primary winding and a secondary winding; an auxiliary power supply for receiving energy coupled from the primary winding to output a first DC voltage;
  • the control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a switch control unit in the control circuit is used to control on / off of a switch in a primary circuit of the power adapter.
  • the voltage conversion unit is capable of boosting the received first DC voltage, and then provides the first DC voltage to the switch control circuit.
  • the supply voltage As the supply voltage. Therefore, the first DC voltage provided by the auxiliary power source can be maintained within a small variation range, the power loss of the control circuit is reduced, and the power consumption of the power adapter is reduced.
  • the auxiliary power supply includes an auxiliary winding, a second output capacitor, a resistor, and a third diode, wherein a first end of the auxiliary winding and the first The anode of the three diodes is connected, the cathode of the third diode is connected to the first end of the resistor, the second end of the resistor is connected to the positive end of the second output capacitor, and the second output The negative terminal of the capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the auxiliary winding, and the second terminal of the auxiliary winding and the negative terminal of the second output capacitor are grounded.
  • a chip including the control circuit described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power adapter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power adapter according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power adapter according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power adapter according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a power adapter according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a power adapter 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power adapter 100 includes a primary circuit 110, a secondary circuit 120, a transformer 130, and an auxiliary power source 140.
  • the transformer 130 includes a primary winding Np and a secondary winding Ns
  • the primary circuit 110 includes a switching circuit 111 and a control circuit 112.
  • the control circuit 112 is used to control the switching of the switching circuit 111 in the primary circuit 110 to couple the energy of the input voltage Vin to the secondary winding Ns through the primary winding Np, and the secondary circuit 120 receives the secondary winding Ns.
  • the energy from the primary circuit 110 is coupled to generate the output voltage Vout.
  • the auxiliary power source 140 is configured to take power from the primary winding Np and provide the generated voltage Va to the control circuit 112 as a power supply voltage of the control circuit 112.
  • the primary circuit 110 and the secondary circuit 120 described above may include one or more other functional circuits.
  • the primary circuit 110 may further include circuits such as a rectification filter circuit, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter protection circuit, and the like.
  • the above secondary circuit 120 may include, for example, a protocol control circuit, a synchronous rectification control circuit, or other circuits, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the switching circuit 111 is usually composed of a high-voltage metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET-field-effect transistor). Therefore, the control circuit 112 needs to have a sufficiently high working voltage to be able to drive the switching circuit.
  • MOSFET-field-effect transistor metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor
  • the control circuit 112 needs to have a sufficiently high working voltage to be able to drive the switching circuit.
  • the auxiliary winding Na in the auxiliary power source 140 is usually a flyback power supply
  • the voltage Va provided by the auxiliary power source 140 is proportional to the output voltage Vout of the secondary circuit 120.
  • the operating voltage of the control circuit 112 is usually maintained at more than 10V.
  • the turns ratio of the secondary winding Ns and the auxiliary winding Na in the auxiliary power supply 140 is at least 1: 2.
  • the output voltage Va of the auxiliary power source 140 is 10V.
  • the output voltage Va of the auxiliary power supply 140 is 40V. If the influence of leakage inductance is taken into consideration, the output voltage Va of the auxiliary power supply 140 in practical applications may reach 60V or more.
  • the operating current of the control circuit 112 is substantially constant. Therefore, if the driving switch circuit is satisfied, the lower the power supply voltage of the control circuit 112 is, the smaller the circuit loss is.
  • a linear voltage regulator circuit is added to the inside or outside of the control circuit 112, and the voltage received from the auxiliary power source is regulated and then supplied to the control circuit 112 for power supply. As the output voltage of the auxiliary power supply 140 is higher, the voltage drop of the linear voltage regulator circuit is greater, and the loss is greater, which results in increased heating of the power adapter and lowered efficiency.
  • the operating current of the control circuit 112 is 5 milliamps (mA), and the turns ratio of the auxiliary winding Na and the secondary winding Ns is 2: 1.
  • the output voltage Vout has an output range of 5 to 20V
  • the theoretical output voltage Va of the auxiliary power source 140 is 40V
  • the control circuit can drive the switching circuit 111 in the primary circuit, and it is necessary to perform the turns ratio of the auxiliary winding Na and the secondary winding Np. Settings. However, this setting results in an increase in the power loss of the control circuit under the condition of high output voltage, resulting in waste of power consumption.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a control circuit and a power adapter, which can reduce circuit losses.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, the control circuit 200 includes a voltage conversion unit 210 and a switch control unit 220.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 is configured to receive a first DC voltage V1, and when the first DC voltage V1 is lower than an operating voltage of the switching control unit 220, perform a step-up process on the first DC voltage V1 to obtain a second DC voltage V2.
  • the power conversion unit 210 may be a switching voltage converter.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 may be a boost converter, or may be a boost / buck converter.
  • the aforementioned step-up / step-down converter means that the converter includes both a step-up converter and a step-down converter.
  • the voltage conversion unit may be a boost converter or a step-up / step-down converter.
  • a switching converter the power consumption of the circuit can be saved.
  • the switch control unit 220 is configured to receive the second DC voltage V2 from the voltage conversion unit 210 and use the second DC voltage V2 as a power supply voltage of the switch control unit 220, wherein the switch control unit 220 Used to control the on and off of the switching circuit in the primary circuit of the power adapter.
  • the switch control unit 220 may be a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller, or a circuit capable of realizing the function of a PWM controller.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the switch control unit 220 couples the energy of the input voltage Vin to the secondary winding Np by controlling the switching of the switch circuit in the primary circuit.
  • control circuit 200 can be applied to various types of power adapters or power supplies.
  • the above control circuit 200 may be applied to the power adapter 100 in FIG. 1, and may also be applied to other types of power supplies or power adapters.
  • the control circuit 200 may replace the control circuit 112 in FIG. 1.
  • the first DC voltage V1 may be an output voltage Va of an auxiliary power source in a power adapter.
  • the first DC voltage V1 may be the output voltage Va provided by the auxiliary power source 140 in FIG. 1.
  • the auxiliary power supply may be a flyback power supply, that is, there is a proportional relationship between the first DC voltage V1 provided by the auxiliary power supply and the output voltage Vout of the power adapter.
  • the power adapter may be a power adapter with a wide range of output voltages.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 included in the control circuit 200 is capable of boosting the first DC voltage V1. Therefore, the first DC voltage V1 provided by the auxiliary power does not need to be greater than the operating voltage of the switch control unit 220.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 may perform a step-up process on the first DC voltage V1 to obtain a second DC voltage V2. .
  • the second DC voltage V2 is provided to the switch control unit 220 for use.
  • the turns ratio of the auxiliary winding Na and the secondary winding Ns can be set to a smaller ratio, such as 1: 1.
  • the auxiliary power supply can provide the control circuit with an output voltage Va with a small variation range, and the control circuit 200 may use the output voltage Va as the first
  • the DC voltage V1 is obtained as a power supply voltage after the second DC voltage V2 is processed, so that the power loss of the control circuit 200 can be reduced.
  • the range of output voltage Va that the auxiliary power supply can provide is 5-20V. That is, the range of the first DC voltage V1 is 5-20V. Therefore, with the control circuit in the embodiment of the present application, under the condition that the control circuit works normally, the turns ratio of the auxiliary winding Na and the secondary winding Ns can be reduced, thereby controlling the first DC voltage V1 provided by the auxiliary power source for the control circuit. In a smaller range to reduce the power loss of the control circuit.
  • the voltage Va actually provided by the auxiliary power source may range from 3 to 25V.
  • the output voltage Va provided by the auxiliary power supply can be kept in a small range by controlling the turns ratio of the auxiliary winding Na and the secondary winding Ns.
  • the turns ratio of the auxiliary winding Na and the secondary winding Ns can be 0.8: 1
  • the output voltage Va provided by the auxiliary power supply ranges from 4.8V to 24V.
  • all or part of the circuits in the control circuit may be provided on the same integrated chip.
  • all the circuits of the switch control unit 220 and at least part of the circuits of the power conversion unit 201 may be provided on the same integrated chip.
  • the inductor or capacitor in the control circuit may be integrated on a chip, or may be disposed on the periphery of the chip. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • a voltage conversion unit is provided in a control circuit applicable to a power adapter, and the voltage conversion unit is capable of performing step-up processing on the received first DC voltage V1, and then stepping up the stepped-up second DC voltage.
  • the voltage V2 is supplied to the switch control circuit as a power supply voltage. Therefore, the control circuit can receive a lower supply voltage for power supply, so as to reduce the power loss of the control circuit, or reduce the power consumption of the auxiliary power supply.
  • the first DC voltage V1 may be an output voltage Va provided by an auxiliary power source in the power adapter, thereby allowing the voltage Va provided by the auxiliary power source to the control circuit to be maintained within a small variation range, and reducing the power loss of the control circuit. In other words, the power consumption of the auxiliary power supply is reduced, thereby reducing the power consumption of the power adapter.
  • the switch control circuit 220 may further include a linear voltage stabilizing circuit (not shown in the figure).
  • the linear voltage stabilizing circuit may perform voltage stabilizing processing on the second DC voltage V2 and then provide the second DC voltage V2 to the switch control.
  • the circuit 220 is used as a power supply voltage, so that the switch control circuit 220 obtains a stable power supply voltage and guarantees the working performance of the switch control circuit 220.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 when the first DC voltage V1 is greater than the working voltage of the switching control unit 220, the voltage conversion unit 210 is further configured to perform a step-down process on the first DC voltage V1 to The second DC voltage V2 is obtained.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 may be a step-up / step-down converter.
  • a voltage conversion unit is provided in a control circuit applicable to a power adapter, and the voltage conversion unit can further perform step-down processing on the received first DC voltage, and then step-down the second DC voltage
  • the voltage is supplied to the switch control circuit as a supply voltage. In order to improve the power supply efficiency of the control circuit.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 may not process the first DC voltage V1, and The first DC voltage V1 is directly provided to the switch control unit 220.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 may be a boost converter.
  • the switch control unit 220 may use a linear regulator to stabilize the first DC voltage V1, and then use the stabilized voltage as a power supply voltage to ensure the working performance of the switch control unit 220.
  • a voltage conversion unit is provided in a control circuit applicable to a power adapter, and the voltage conversion unit can also directly supply the received first DC voltage to the switch control circuit as a power supply voltage. In order to improve the flexibility of the power supply of the control circuit.
  • the above-mentioned switch control unit 220 may include a high-voltage control section and a low-voltage control section.
  • the high-voltage control part requires a higher working voltage
  • the low-voltage control part requires a lower working voltage.
  • the above-mentioned high-voltage control section may be a circuit section for driving a switching circuit of a primary circuit.
  • the low-voltage control part may be the remaining circuit part of the switch control unit.
  • the operating voltage of the switch control unit 220 may refer to the operating voltage of the high-voltage control section.
  • the first DC voltage V1 is lower than the operating voltage of the high-voltage control section
  • the first DC voltage V1 is subjected to a step-up process
  • the second DC voltage V2 obtained can be used as the power supply voltage of the high-voltage control section.
  • the first DC voltage V1 is higher than the working voltage of the low-voltage control section
  • the first DC voltage V1 can be directly used as the power supply voltage of the low-voltage control section of the switch control unit 220.
  • the above-mentioned first DC voltage V1 may also be directly used as a power supply voltage of a step-up control unit or a step-up / step-down control unit in the voltage conversion unit 210.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 may be further configured to detect the first DC voltage V1, so that when the first DC voltage V1 is lower than the switch control unit 220, the first DC voltage V1 is V1 performs step-up processing; when the first DC voltage V1 is higher than the switch control unit 220, step-down processing is performed on the first DC voltage V1, or the first DC voltage V1 is directly provided to a switch Control unit 220.
  • the above-mentioned function of detecting the first DC voltage V1 may also be performed by other circuit units in the control circuit 200, for example, may be performed by the switch control unit 220, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 in FIG. 3 is a boost converter.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 includes a boost control unit 211 and a first switching circuit 212.
  • the boost control unit 211 is configured to detect the first DC voltage V1.
  • V1 is greater than the operating voltage of the switch control unit 220
  • the boost control unit 211 is used to control the on / off of the first switch circuit 212 to perform boost processing on the first DC voltage V1.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 further includes an inductor L1, a first diode D1, and a first output capacitor C1.
  • a first end of the inductor L1 is configured to receive the first DC voltage V1.
  • the second end of the inductor L1, the anode of the first diode D1, and the first end of the first switching circuit 212 are connected.
  • the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first output capacitor C1.
  • the positive electrode is connected, the negative electrode of the first output capacitor C1 and the second terminal of the first switching circuit 212 are grounded.
  • All or part of the circuits in the voltage conversion unit 210 may be integrated with the switch control unit 220 in the same chip.
  • at least one of the inductor L1 and the first output capacitor C1 may be integrated on a chip, or may be provided in a peripheral circuit, which is not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit 200 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the control circuit in Figure 4 is a step-up / step-down converter.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 includes a step-up / step-down control unit 213, a first switch circuit 212, and a second switch circuit 214.
  • the step-up / step-down control unit 213 is configured to detect the first A DC voltage V1, and in a case where the first DC voltage V1 is smaller than an operating voltage of the switch control unit 220, the step-up / step-down control unit 213 is configured to control the on / off of the first switch circuit 212 To step up the first DC voltage V1; when the first DC voltage V1 is greater than the working voltage of the switch control unit 220, the step-up / step-down control unit 213 is further configured to: Controlling the on / off of the second switching circuit 214 to perform a step-down process on the first DC voltage V1.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 further includes an inductor L1, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a first output capacitor C1.
  • the first end of the second switching circuit is configured to receive The first DC voltage V1, the second terminal of the second switching circuit 214, the first terminal of the inductor L1 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, and the second terminal of the inductor L1, the The first terminal of the first switching circuit 212 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the anode of the first output capacitor C1, and the second two An anode of the diode D2, a negative electrode of the first output capacitor C1, and a second terminal of the first switching circuit 212 are grounded.
  • the step-up / step-down control unit 213 is further configured to control the second switch circuit 214 to be in an on state. . That is, when the second switching circuit 214 is in an on state, the inductor L1 receives the first DC voltage V1, and it can be considered that the second diode D2 and the second switching circuit 214 do not exist. It is equivalent to the step-up function in the step-up / step-down converter, and the step-down function does not work.
  • the step-up / step-down control unit 213 is further configured to control the first switch circuit 212 to be in an off state. That is, when the first switching circuit 212 is in the off state, it can be considered that the first switching circuit 212 does not exist. It is equivalent to the step-down function in the step-up / step-down converter, and the step-up function does not work.
  • the first DC voltage V1 is also used to power the boost control unit 211 or the step-up / down control unit 213 in the voltage conversion unit 210. Therefore, the The minimum value should enable the boost control unit 211 or the boost / buck control unit 213 to operate normally. For example, when configuring the turns ratio of the auxiliary winding Na and the secondary winding Ns, care should be taken to make the minimum value of the first DC voltage V1 greater than the work required by the boost control unit 211 or the boost / buck control unit 213. Voltage.
  • control circuit 200 and the control circuit 200 described in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are merely examples, and those skilled in the art may make equivalent or similar designs or deformations based on the examples of FIG. 3 or FIG. 4. As long as the functions they implement are the same, they still fall into the protection scope of this application.
  • the voltage conversion unit in the control circuit may be any form of boost converter or boost / transformer.
  • the power adapter 500 includes:
  • the transformer 130 includes a primary winding Np and a secondary winding Ns.
  • the auxiliary power source 140 is configured to receive energy coupled from the primary winding Np to output a first DC voltage V1.
  • the control circuit 200 includes a voltage conversion unit 210 and a switch control unit 220.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 is configured to receive a first DC voltage V1 and generate a second DC voltage V2 according to the first DC voltage V1.
  • the first DC voltage V1 is lower than the working voltage of the switch control unit 220.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 is configured to perform step-up processing on the first DC voltage V1 to obtain the second DC voltage V2; and the switch control unit 220 is configured to convert the voltage from the voltage conversion unit 210 Receiving the second DC voltage V2, and using the second DC voltage V2 as a power supply voltage of the switch control unit 220, wherein the switch control unit 220 is configured to control a voltage in a primary circuit of the power adapter;
  • the switching circuit 111 is turned on and off.
  • the control circuit 200 may be the control circuit described in any one of the examples in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4. For the sake of brevity, the same or similar parts in the example of FIG. 5 as those in the foregoing are not repeated here.
  • the power adapter further includes a primary circuit and a secondary circuit.
  • the above-mentioned primary circuit and secondary circuit may include one or more other functional circuits.
  • the primary circuit may also include circuits such as a rectifier filter circuit, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter protection circuit, and the like.
  • EMI electromagnetic interference
  • the foregoing secondary circuit may include, for example, a protocol control circuit, a synchronous rectification control circuit, or other circuits, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the voltage conversion unit can perform a step-up process on the received first DC voltage V1 and then provide the first DC voltage V1 to the switch.
  • the control circuit acts as the supply voltage. This allows the first DC voltage V1 provided by the auxiliary power source to be maintained within a small variation range, reduces the power loss of the control circuit, or reduces the power consumption of the auxiliary power source, thereby reducing the power consumption of the power adapter.
  • the voltage conversion unit since the voltage conversion unit is provided in the control circuit of the power adapter, all or part of the circuits in the voltage conversion unit may be integrated in the same chip as the switch control unit.
  • the inductor and capacitor in the voltage conversion unit may be integrated in a chip or provided in a peripheral circuit.
  • the control circuit in the embodiment of the present application can reduce components such as a capacitor and an inductor provided in a peripheral circuit of the chip. Therefore, applying the control circuit in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the number of devices and reduce the board area of the printed circuit board.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power adapter 500 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the auxiliary power source 140 may include an auxiliary winding Na, a second output capacitor C2, a resistor R1, and a third diode D3, wherein a first end of the auxiliary winding Na and the third dipole are The anode of the tube D3 is connected, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor R1, the second terminal of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the second output capacitor C2, and the first A negative terminal of the two output capacitors C2 is connected to a second terminal of the auxiliary winding Na, and a second terminal of the auxiliary winding Na and a negative terminal of the second output capacitor C2 are grounded.
  • the output capacitor C2 is used to output the first DC voltage V1.
  • auxiliary power supply 140 described in FIG. 6 is merely an example, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent or similar designs or deformations according to the example of FIG. 6 as long as the functions they implement are the same, Within the protection scope of this application.
  • the voltage conversion circuit of the auxiliary power source 140 may be any form of auxiliary power source as long as it can provide a power supply voltage to the control circuit.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power adapter 500 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 in FIG. 7 is a boost converter.
  • the power adapter 500 includes a primary circuit 110, a secondary circuit 120, a transformer 130, and an auxiliary power source 140.
  • the transformer 130 includes a primary winding Np and a secondary winding Ns.
  • the auxiliary power source 140 includes an auxiliary winding Na.
  • the primary circuit 110 includes a switch circuit 111, a control circuit 200, and the control circuit 200 includes a voltage conversion unit 210 and a switch control unit 220.
  • the switch control unit 220 in the control circuit 200 is used to control the on / off of the switch circuit 111 in the primary circuit.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 includes a boost control unit 211, a first switch circuit 212, an inductor L1, a first diode D1, and a first output capacitor C1.
  • the auxiliary winding Na receives a voltage coupled from the primary winding Np, and the voltage is rectified by the third diode D3 and becomes a direct current.
  • the boost control unit 211 may set the output voltage to a certain fixed value, which is greater than or equal to the operating voltage of the switch control circuit. For example, suppose the fixed value is 10V. When the first DC voltage V1 is lower than 10V, the step-up control unit operates to perform a step-up process on the first DC voltage V1 to obtain a second DC voltage V2. The second DC voltage V2 is the fixed value of 10V. The first DC voltage V1 is the voltage on the second output capacitor C2. The second DC voltage V2 is the voltage on the first output capacitor C1.
  • the boost control unit 211 When the first DC voltage V1 is greater than 10V, the boost control unit 211 does not work, and the first DC voltage V1 may be directly provided to the switch control unit 220 as a power supply voltage. Alternatively, the boost control unit 211 does not work, and the first DC voltage V1 is transmitted to the switch control unit 220 as a power supply voltage after passing through the inductor L1 and the first diode D1.
  • the first DC voltage V1 may be connected to the switch control unit 220 and the boost control unit 211.
  • the switch control unit 220 may be configured to detect a first DC voltage V1 on the second output capacitor C2, and control the boost control unit 211 to be turned on and off according to a detection result. That is, when it is detected that the first DC voltage V1 is greater than the operating voltage of the switching control unit 220, the boost control unit 211 is turned off and no boost processing is performed. If it is detected that the first DC voltage V1 is less than the operating voltage of the switch control unit 220, the boost control unit 211 is turned on to perform a boost process.
  • the first DC voltage V1 may directly supply power to the low-voltage control part of the switch control unit 220 or supply power to the boost control unit after undergoing the voltage stabilization process of the linear regulator (not shown in the figure).
  • the output voltage Vout of the power adapter 500 is 20V
  • the auxiliary power 140 outputs at this time.
  • the theoretical value of the first DC voltage V1 is 20V.
  • the actual value of the first DC voltage V1 is about 25V.
  • the output voltage Vout of the power adapter 500 is 5V
  • the first DC voltage output by the auxiliary power supply 140 is 5V.
  • the theoretical value of the voltage V1 is 5V.
  • the actual value of the first DC voltage V1 may be as low as 3V.
  • the ideal range of the input voltage (ie, the first DC voltage V1) of the voltage conversion unit 210 is 5-20V, and the actual range is about 3-25V.
  • the range of the first DC voltage V1 output by the auxiliary power source 140 can also be controlled between 3 and 25V by adjusting the turns ratio. .
  • the turns ratio of the auxiliary winding Na and the secondary winding Ns can also be adjusted to make the range of the first DC voltage V1 output by the auxiliary power supply 140 Control in the right range.
  • the operating current of the switch control circuit 220 is also assumed to be 5 mA, and the loss of the voltage conversion circuit is ignored.
  • the primary circuit 110 and the secondary circuit 120 described above may include one or more other functional circuits.
  • the primary circuit 110 may further include circuits such as a rectification filter circuit, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter protection circuit, and the like.
  • the above secondary circuit 120 may include, for example, a protocol control circuit, a synchronous rectification control circuit, or other circuits, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the inductor L1 and the first output capacitor C1 in FIG. 7 may be integrated in a chip or may be provided in a peripheral circuit, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • devices such as capacitors and inductors provided in peripheral circuits can be reduced, thereby simplifying the circuit and reducing the occupation of printed circuit boards (PCBs). Area, which reduces the size of the power adapter.
  • the embodiment of the present application in the case where the power adapter supports a wide range of output voltages, the embodiment of the present application maintains the power supply voltage in the control circuit within a small range by adding a voltage conversion unit to the control circuit of the primary circuit. , And can achieve the most simplified peripheral devices. Adopting this scheme can reduce circuit losses and reduce the board area of the circuit.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a power adapter 500 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 in FIG. 8 is a step-up / step-down converter.
  • the power adapter includes a primary circuit 110, a secondary circuit 120, a transformer 130, and an auxiliary power source 140.
  • the transformer 130 includes a primary winding Np and a secondary winding Ns.
  • the auxiliary power source 140 includes an auxiliary winding Na.
  • the primary circuit 110 includes a switch circuit 111 and a control circuit 200.
  • the control circuit 200 includes a voltage conversion unit 210 and a switch control unit 220.
  • the switch control unit 220 in the control circuit 200 is used to control the on / off of the switch circuit 111 of the primary circuit 110.
  • the voltage conversion unit 210 includes a step-up / step-down control unit 213, a first switching circuit 212 and a second switching circuit 214, an inductor L1, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a first output capacitor C1. .
  • a first terminal of the second switching circuit 214 is configured to receive the first DC voltage V1, a second terminal of the second switching circuit 214, a first terminal of the inductor L1, and the second diode.
  • the cathode of D2 is connected, the second terminal of the inductor L1, the first terminal of the first switching circuit 212, and the anode of the first diode D1 are connected, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to all
  • the positive electrode of the first output capacitor C1 is connected, the anode of the second diode D2, the negative electrode of the first output capacitor C1, and the second terminal of the first switching circuit 212 are grounded;
  • the step-up / step-down control unit 213 is further configured to control the second switching circuit 214 to be in an on state; in the voltage conversion unit 210
  • the step-up / step-down control unit 213 is further configured to control the first switch circuit 212 to be in an off state.
  • the auxiliary winding Na receives a voltage coupled from the primary winding Ns, and this voltage is rectified by the third diode D3 and becomes the first DC voltage V1.
  • the step-up / step-down control unit 213 may set its output voltage to a certain fixed value, which is greater than or equal to the operating voltage of the switch control circuit. For example, suppose the fixed value is 10V. When the first DC voltage V1 is lower than 10V, the second diode D2 remains off, and the second switching circuit 214 remains on.
  • the step-up control section in the voltage conversion unit 210 operates to perform a step-up process on the first DC voltage V1 to obtain a second DC voltage V2.
  • the first switching circuit 212, the inductor L1, and the first diode D1 operate.
  • the second DC voltage V2 is the fixed value of 10V.
  • the first DC voltage V1 is the voltage on the second output capacitor C2.
  • the second DC voltage V2 is the voltage on the first output capacitor C1.
  • the first switching circuit 212 remains off, the first switching tube D1 remains on, and the step-down control section in the voltage conversion unit 210 operates to perform a step-down process on the first DC voltage V1 to A second DC voltage V2 is obtained. That is, the second switching circuit 214, the inductor L1, and the second diode D2 operate.
  • the first DC voltage V1 may be connected to the switch control unit 220 and the step-up / step-down control unit 213.
  • the switch control unit 220 may be configured to detect a first DC voltage V1 on the second output capacitor C2 and control switching of the step-up / step-down control unit 213 according to a detection result. That is, when it is detected that the first DC voltage V1 is greater than the operating voltage of the switch control unit 220, the voltage reduction control unit 210 of the voltage conversion unit 210 is turned on to perform a voltage boosting process. If it is detected that the first DC voltage V1 is less than the operating voltage of the switch control unit 220, the boost control section in the voltage conversion unit 210 is turned on to perform a boost process.
  • the first DC voltage V1 may directly supply power to the low-voltage control portion of the switch control unit 220 or power the step-up / step-down control unit 213 in the voltage conversion unit 210 after the linear voltage stabilization process.
  • the auxiliary power supply 140 is now The theoretical value of the output first DC voltage V1 is 20V. Considering the effect of leakage inductance, the actual value of the first DC voltage V1 is about 25V. When the output voltage Vout of the power adapter 500 is 5V, the first output of the auxiliary power source 140 is 5V. The theoretical value of the DC voltage V1 is 5V. Considering the diode voltage drop and circuit loss, the actual value of the first DC voltage V1 may be as low as 3V.
  • the ideal range of the input voltage (ie, the first DC voltage V1) of the voltage conversion unit 210 is 5-20V, and the actual range is about 3-25V.
  • the range of the first DC voltage V1 output from the auxiliary power supply 140 can also be controlled to 3 to 3 by adjusting the turns ratio. 25V.
  • the range of the first DC voltage V1 output by the auxiliary power source 140 can also be adjusted by adjusting the turns ratio of the auxiliary winding Na and the secondary winding Ns. Control in the right range.
  • the operating current of the switch control circuit 220 is also assumed to be 5 mA, and the loss of the voltage conversion circuit is ignored.
  • the primary circuit 110 and the secondary circuit 120 described above may include one or more other functional circuits.
  • the primary circuit 110 may further include circuits such as a rectification filter circuit, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter protection circuit, and the like.
  • the above secondary circuit 120 may include, for example, a protocol control circuit, a synchronous rectification control circuit, or other circuits, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the inductor L1 and the first output capacitor C1 in FIG. 8 may be integrated in a chip or may be provided in a peripheral circuit, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • devices such as capacitors and inductors that need to be installed in peripheral circuits can be reduced, thereby simplifying the circuit, reducing the board area of the PCB board, and reducing the power adapter. volume.
  • the embodiment of the present application in the case where the power adapter supports a wide range of output voltages, the embodiment of the present application maintains the power supply voltage in the control circuit within a small range by adding a voltage conversion unit to the control circuit of the primary circuit. , And can achieve the most simplified peripheral devices. Adopting this scheme can reduce circuit losses and reduce the board area of the circuit.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objective of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially a part that contributes to the existing technology or a part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disks, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM), random access memories (RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks, and other media that can store program codes .

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种应用于电源适配器的控制电路、电源适配器和芯片，能够降低功耗。控制电路包括电压转换单元和开关控制单元，电压转换单元用于接收第一直流电压，并根据第一直流电压生成第二直流电压，其中在第一直流电压低于开关控制单元的工作电压的情况下，电压转换单元用于对第一直流电压进行升压处理，以得到第二直流电压；开关控制单元用于从电压转换单元接收第二直流电压，并将第二直流电压作为开关控制单元的供电电压，其中，开关控制单元用于控制电源适配器的原边电路中的开关电路的通断。

Description

应用于电源适配器的控制电路和电源适配器
本申请要求于2018年7月9日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810747396.4、申请名称为“应用于电源适配器的控制电路和电源适配器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电子电路领域，尤其涉及一种应用于电源适配器的控制电路和电源适配器。
背景技术
电源适配器应用于多种电压转换的场景。电源适配器中通常包括控制电路，该控制电路用于控制电源适配器中的原边电路的开关电路的通断。该控制电路例如可以是脉宽调制(pulse width modulation,PWM)控制器。
随着快充协议的普及，越来越多的电源适配器支持多种电源的宽范围输出。例如，快速充电协议(quick charge protocol,QCP)支持3.6V～12V输出电压，通用串行总线(universal serial bus,USB)-电源传输规范(power delivery specification,PDS)支持5V～12V输出电压，智能充电协议(smart charge protocol,SCP)支持3.4V～12V输出电压。由于控制电路的供电电压通常是由辅助电源提供的，而辅助电源通常为反激供电，因此辅助电源提供的电压通常与副边电路的输出电压存在正比例关系。对于宽范围输出电压的电源适配器来说，辅助电源为控制电路提供的供电电压也是在一定范围内变化的。因此，在电源适配器输出的电压较高的情况下，辅助电源为控制电路提供的供电电压也高于控制电路所需的工作电压，导致辅助电源的功耗增大，电源适配器的发热增加，效率降低。
发明内容
本申请提供一种应用于电源适配器的控制电路、电源适配器和芯片，能够降低供电损耗。
第一方面，提供了一种控制电路，包括电压转换单元和开关控制单元，所述电压转换单元用于接收第一直流电压，并根据所述第一直流电压生成第二直流电压，其中在所述第一直流电压低于开关控制单元的工作电压的情况下，所述电压转换单元用于对所述第一直流电压进行升压处理，以得到所述第二直流电压；所述开关控制单元用于从所述电压转换单元接收所述第二直流电压，并将所述第二直流电压作为所述开关控制单元的供电电压，其中，所述开关控制单元用于控制电源适配器的原边电路中的开关电路的通断。
在本申请实施例中，在可应用于电源适配器的控制电路中设置电压转换单元，该电压转换单元能够将接收到的第一直流电压进行升压处理，然后将升压后的第二直流电压提供给开关控制电路作为供电电压。从而控制电路可以接收较低的供电电压进行供电，以降低控制电路的供电损耗。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，在所述第一直流电压高于所述开关控制单元的工作电压的情况下，所述电压转换单元还用于对所述第一直流电压进行降压处理，以得到所述第二直流电压。
在本申请实施例中，在可应用于电源适配器的控制电路中设置电压转换单元，该电压转换单元还能够将接收到的第一直流电压进行降压处理，然后将降压后的第二直流电压提供给开关控制电路作为供电电压。以提高控制电路的供电效率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，在所述第一直流电压高于所述开关控制电压的工作电压的情况下，所述开关控制单元还用于接收所述第一直流电压，并将所述第一直流电压作为所述开关控制单元的供电电压。
在本申请实施例中，在可应用于电源适配器的控制电路中设置电压转换单元，该电压转换单元还能够将接收到的第一直流电压直接提供给开关控制电路作为供电电压。以提高控制电路的供电的灵活性。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述电压转换单元包括升压变换器或者升压/降压变换器。
在本申请实施例中，电压转换单元可以为升压变换器或者升压/降压变换器，作为开关型变换器，能够节约电路功耗。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述电压转换单元为升压变换器，所述电压转换单元包括升压控制单元和第一开关电路，所述升压控制单元用于检测所述第一直流电压，在所述第一直流电压小于所述开关控制单元的工作电压的情况下，所述升压控制单元用于控制所述第一开关电路的通断，以对所述第一直流电压进行升压处理。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述电压转换单元还包括电感、第一二极管、第一输出电容，所述电感的第一端用于接收所述第一直流电压，所述电感的第二端、所述第一二极管的阳极以及所述第一开关电路的第一端相连，所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第一输出电容的正极相连，所述第一输出电容的负极以及所述第一开关电路的第二端接地。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述电压转换单元为升压/降压变换器，所述电压转换单元包括升压/降压控制单元、第一开关电路和第二开关电路，所述升压/降压控制单元用于检测所述第一直流电压，在所述第一直流电压小于所述开关控制单元的工作电压的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元用于控制所述第一开关电路的通断，以对所述第一直流电压进行升压处理；在所述第一直流电压大于所述开关控制单元的工作电压的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元还用于控制所述第二开关电路的通断，以对所述第一直流电压进行降压处理。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述电压转换单元还包括电感、第一二极管、第二二极管和第一输出电容，所述第二开关电路的第一端用于接收所述第一直流电压，所述第二开关电路的第二端、所述电感的第一端与所述第二二极管的阴极相连，所述电感的第二端、所述第一开关电路的第一端以及所述第一二极管的阳极相连，所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第一输出电容的阳极相连，所述第二二极管的阳极、所述第一输出电容的负极、所述第一开关电路的第二端接地；在所述电压转换单元对所述第一直流电压进行升压处理的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元还用于控制所述第二开关电路处于导通状 态；在所述电压转换单元对所述第一直流电压进行降压处理的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元还用于控制所述第一开关电路处于截止状态。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一直流电压为所述电源适配器中的辅助电源的输出电压，所述辅助电源用于接收所述原边电路耦合过来的能量，并输出所述第一直流电压。
在本申请实施例中，该第一直流电压可以是电源适配器中的辅助电源提供的输出电压，由于电压转换单元能够对接收到的第一直流电压进行升压处理，并将升压后的第二直流电压提供给开关控制单元，从而允许辅助电源为控制电路提供的电压维持在较小的变化范围，降低了控制电路的供电损耗，降低了电源适配器的功耗。
第二方面，提供了一种电源适配器，包括：变压器，包括原边绕组和副边绕组；辅助电源，用于接收从所述原边绕组耦合过来的能量，以输出第一直流电压；如所述权利要求1至9中任一项所述的控制电路，所述控制电路中的开关控制单元用于控制所述电源适配器的原边电路中的开关的通断。
在本申请实施例中，通过在电源适配器中的控制电路中设置电压转换单元，该电压转换单元能够将接收到的第一直流电压进行升压处理，然后将第一直流电压提供给开关控制电路作为供电电压。从而允许辅助电源提供的第一直流电压可以维持在较小的变化范围，降低了控制电路的供电损耗，从而降低了电源适配器的功耗。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述辅助电源包括辅助绕组、第二输出电容、电阻以及第三二极管，其中所述辅助绕组的第一端与所述第三二极管的阳极相连，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述电阻的第一端相连，所述电阻的第二端与所述第二输出电容的正极相连，所述第二输出电容的负极与所述辅助绕组的第二端相连，所述辅助绕组的第二端和所述第二输出电容的负极接地。
第三方面，提供了一种芯片，包括：第一方面或第一方面中的任一种可能的实现方式中所述的控制电路。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例的电源适配器的示意图。
图2是本申请实施例的控制电路的示意图。
图3是本申请又一实施例的控制电路的示意图。
图4是本申请又一实施例的控制电路的示意图。
图5是本申请又一实施例的电源适配器的示意图。
图6是本申请又一实施例的电源适配器的示意图。
图7是本申请又一实施例的电源适配器的示意图。
图8是本申请又一实施例的电源适配器的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
为了便于理解，首先介绍相关技术中的电源适配器。
图1是本申请实施例的电源适配器100的电路结构示意图。如图1所示，电源适配器 100包括原边电路110、副边电路120、变压器130和辅助电源140。其中变压器130包括原边绕组Np和副边绕组Ns、原边电路110包括开关电路111和控制电路112。所述控制电路112用于控制原边电路110中的开关电路111的通断，以通过原边绕组Np将输入电压Vin的能量耦合至副边绕组Ns，副边电路120通过副边绕组Ns接收原边电路110耦合过来的能量，以生成输出电压Vout。辅助电源140用于从原边绕组Np取电，并将产生的电压Va提供给控制电路112作为控制电路112的供电电压。
可选地，上述原边电路110和副边电路120可以包括其他一个或多个功能电路。例如，原边电路110中还可以包括整流滤波电路、电磁干扰(electromagnetic interference,EMI)滤波防护电路等电路。上述副边电路120例如可以包括协议控制电路、同步整流控制电路或者其他电路，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
由于控制电路112需要驱动开关电路111，开关电路111通常由高压金属氧化物半导体场效应管(metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor,MOSFET)组成。因此控制电路112需要有足够高的工作电压才能够驱动开关电路。从图1可以看出，由于辅助电源140中的辅助绕组Na通常为反激供电，因此，因此辅助电源140提供的电压Va与副边电路120的输出电压Vout存在正比例关系。例如，为了驱动开关电路111，控制电路112的工作电压通常要保持10V以上。以电源适配器支持5～20V输出电压为例，在输出最低输出电压5V的情况下，为了保证控制电路正常工作，副边绕组Ns和辅助电源140中的辅助绕组Na的匝数比至少为1:2。此时辅助电源140的输出电压Va为10V。但是在最高输出电压Vout为20V的情况下，辅助电源140的输出电压Va为40V。如果考虑到漏感影响，实际应用中的辅助电源140的输出电压Va可能达到60V以上。
考虑到不同供电电压的情况下，控制电路112的工作电流基本恒定。因此在满足驱动开关电路的情况下，控制电路112的供电电压越低，电路损耗越小。相关技术通过在控制电路112的内部或外部增加线性稳压电路，将从辅助电源接收到的电压进行稳压之后，输送给控制电路112供电。由于辅助电源140的输出电压越高，线性稳压电路的压降越大，损耗也越大，导致电源适配器的发热增加，效率降低。假设控制电路112的工作电流为5毫安(mA)，辅助绕组Na与副边绕组Ns的匝比为2:1，对于输出电压Vout的输出范围为5～20V的应用场景，在输出电压Vout为20V时，辅助电源140的理论输出电压Va为40V，则控制电路112的供电损耗达到5mA*40V＝112mW。
因此，对于宽范围输出电压的电源适配器来说，为了保证低输出电压的情况下，控制电路能够驱动原边电路中的开关电路111，需要对辅助绕组Na和副边绕组Np的匝数比进行设置。而这种设置导致在高输出电压的情况下，控制电路的供电损耗增大，造成功耗的浪费。
针对上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种控制电路以及电源适配器，能够减少电路损耗。
图2是本申请实施例的控制电路200的结构示意图。如图2所示，该控制电路200包括电压转换单元210和开关控制单元220。
电压转换单元210用于接收第一直流电压V1，在所述第一直流电压V1低于开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，对所述第一直流电压V1进行升压处理，得到第二直流电压V2。
可选地，上述电源转换单元210可以是开关型电压变换器。例如，电压转换单元210可以是升压(boost)变换器，或者可以是升压/降压(boost/buck)变换器。其中，上述升压/降压变换器是指该变换器即包括升压变换器，也包括降压变换器。
在本申请实施例中，电压转换单元可以为升压变换器或者升压/降压变换器，作为开关型变换器，能够节约电路功耗。
开关控制单元220用于从所述电压转换单元210接收所述第二直流电压V2，并将所述第二直流电压V2作为所述开关控制单元220的供电电压，其中，所述开关控制单元220用于控制电源适配器的原边电路中的开关电路的通断。
可选地，所述开关控制单元220可以是脉冲宽度调制(pulse width modulation,PWM)控制器，或者是能够实现PWM控制器功能的电路。所述开关控制单元220通过控制原边电路中的开关电路的通断，将输入电压Vin的能量耦合至副边绕组Np中。
可选地，所述控制电路200可以应用于各种类型的电源适配器或者电源中。例如上述控制电路200可以应用于图1中的电源适配器100，也可以应用于其他类型的电源或者电源适配器中。所述控制电路200可以替换图1中的控制电路112所述第一直流电压V1可以是电源适配器中的辅助电源的输出电压Va。例如，第一直流电压V1可以是图1中的辅助电源140提供的输出电压Va。所述辅助电源可以是反激供电，即辅助电源提供的第一直流电压V1与电源适配器的输出电压Vout存在正比例关系。
可选地，所述电源适配器可以是宽范围输出电压的电源适配器。对于宽范围输出电压的电源适配器来说，由于控制电路200中包括的电压转换单元210能够对第一直流电压V1进行升压处理。因此，辅助电源提供的第一直流电压V1不需要大于开关控制单元220的工作电压。例如，在辅助电源提供的第一直流电压V1低于开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，所述电压转换单元210可以对第一直流电压V1进行升压处理，以得到第二直流电压V2。并将第二直流电压V2提供给开关控制单元220进行使用。
因此，辅助绕组Na与副边绕组Ns的匝数比可以设置为较小的比值，例如1:1。在这种情况下，在电源适配器的输出电压Vout的变化范围较大的情况下，辅助电源可以为控制电路提供变化范围较小的输出电压Va，控制电路200可以将该输出电压Va作为第一直流电压V1，并在处理之后得到第二直流电压V2作为供电电压，从而可以降低控制电路200的供电损耗。例如，以输出电压范围为5～20V为例，若辅助绕组Na和副边绕组Ns的匝数比为1:1，则理论上讲，辅助电源可以提供的输出电压Va的范围为5～20V，即第一直流电压V1的范围为5～20V。因此，采用本申请实施例的控制电路，在保证控制电路正常工作的情况下，可以降低辅助绕组Na和副边绕组Ns的匝数比，从而控制辅助电源为控制电路提供的第一直流电压V1在较小的范围内，以降低控制电路的供电损耗。
在一些示例中，考虑到二极管压降和电路损耗，辅助电源实际提供的电压Va的范围可能是3～25V。
在本申请实施例中，无论电源适配器的输出电压Vout的范围是多少，均可以通过控制辅助绕组Na和副边绕组Ns的匝数比，使得辅助电源提供的输出电压Va保持在较小的范围内。例如，若电源适配器提供的输出电压Va的范围为6V～30V，则辅助绕组Na和副边绕组Ns的匝数比可以为0.8:1，则辅助电源提供的输出电压Va的范围为4.8V～24V。
可选地，所述控制电路中的全部电路或者部分电路可以设置在同一集成芯片上。例如， 所述开关控制单元220的全部电路以及所述电源转换单元201的至少部分电路可以设置在同一集成芯片上。其中，所述控制电路中的电感或电容可以集成在芯片上，也可以设置在芯片外围。本申请实施例对此不作限定。
在本申请实施例中，在可应用于电源适配器的控制电路中设置电压转换单元，该电压转换单元能够将接收到的第一直流电压V1进行升压处理，然后将升压后的第二直流电压V2提供给开关控制电路作为供电电压。从而控制电路可以接收较低的供电电压进行供电，以降低控制电路的供电损耗，或者说降低了辅助电源的功耗。
进一步地，该第一直流电压V1可以是电源适配器中的辅助电源提供的输出电压Va，从而允许辅助电源为控制电路提供的电压Va维持在较小的变化范围，降低了控制电路的供电损耗，或者说降低了辅助电源的功耗，从而降低了电源适配器的功耗。
可选地，所述开关控制电路220还可以包括线性稳压电路(图中未示出)，所述线性稳压电路可以对所述第二直流电压V2进行稳压处理，然后提供给开关控制电路220作为供电电压，以便于所述开关控制电路220获取稳定的供电电压，保障开关控制电路220的工作性能。
在一些示例中，在所述第一直流电压V1大于所述开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，所述电压转换单元210还用于对所述第一直流电压V1进行降压处理，以得到所述第二直流电压V2。可选地，在这种情况下，该电压转换单元210可以是升压/降压变换器。
在本申请实施例中，在可应用于电源适配器的控制电路中设置电压转换单元，该电压转换单元还能够将接收到的第一直流电压进行降压处理，然后将降压后的第二直流电压提供给开关控制电路作为供电电压。以提高控制电路的供电效率。
在另一些示例中，在所述第一直流电压V1大于所述开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，所述电压转换单元210可以不对所述第一直流电压V1进行处理，并将所述第一直流电压V1直接提供给开关控制单元220。在这种情况下，该电压转换单元210可以是升压变换器。可选地，所述开关控制单元220可以采用线性稳压器对所述第一直流电压V1进行稳压处理，然后使用稳压后的电压作为供电电压，以保障开关控制单元220的工作性能。
在本申请实施例中，在可应用于电源适配器的控制电路中设置电压转换单元，该电压转换单元还能够将接收到的第一直流电压直接提供给开关控制电路作为供电电压。以提高控制电路的供电的灵活性。
可选地，上述开关控制单元220可以包括高压控制部分和低压控制部分。其中高压控制部分要求较高的工作电压，低压控制部分要求较低的工作电压。例如，上述高压控制部分可以是用于驱动原边电路的开关电路的电路部分。低压控制部分可以是开关控制单元的其余电路部分。在一些示例中，上述开关控制单元220的工作电压可以指上述高压控制部分的工作电压。在第一直流电压V1低于高压控制部分的工作电压的情况下，对第一直流电压V1进行升压处理，得到的第二直流电压V2可以作为高压控制部分供电电压。而在第一直流电压V1高于低压控制部分的工作电压的情况下，上述第一直流电压V1可以直接作为上述开关控制单元220的低压控制部分的供电电压。或者，在一些示例中，上述第一直流电压V1还可以直接作为电压转换单元210中的升压控制单元或升压/降压控制单元的供电电压。
可选地，所述电压转换单元210还可以用于检测所述第一直流电压V1，以便于在所述第一直流电压V1低于开关控制单元220的情况下，对所述第一直流电压V1进行升压处理；在所述第一直流电压V1高于开关控制单元220的情况下，对所述第一直流电压V1进行降压处理，或者将所述第一直流电压V1直接提供给开关控制单元220。
需要说明的是，上述检测所述第一直流电压V1的功能也可以由控制电路200中的其他电路单元执行，例如可以由开关控制单元220执行，本申请实施例对比不作限定。
图3是本申请实施例的控制电路200的示意图。其中，图3中的电压转换单元210为升压变换器。如图3所示，所述电压转换单元210包括升压控制单元211和第一开关电路212，所述升压控制单元211用于检测所述第一直流电压V1，在所述第一直流电压V1大于所述开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，所述升压控制单元211用于控制所述第一开关电路212的通断，以对所述第一直流电压V1进行升压处理。
继续参见图3，所述电压转换单元210还包括电感L1、第一二极管D1和第一输出电容C1，所述电感L1的第一端用于接收所述第一直流电压V1，所述电感L1的第二端、所述第一二极管D1的阳极以及所述第一开关电路212的第一端相连，所述第一二极管D1的阴极与所述第一输出电容C1的正极相连，所述第一输出电容C1的负极以及所述第一开关电路212的第二端接地。
其中，上述电压转换单元210中的全部电路或部分电路可以和开关控制单元220集成在同一芯片中。例如，上述电感L1、第一输出电容C1中的至少一个可以集成在芯片上，或者也可以设置在外围电路中，本申请对此不作限定。
图4是本申请又一实施例的控制电路200的示意图。图4中的控制电路为升压/降压变换器。如图4所示，所述电压转换单元210包括升压/降压控制单元213、第一开关电路212和第二开关电路214，所述升压/降压控制单元213用于检测所述第一直流电压V1，在所述第一直流电压V1小于所述开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元213用于控制所述第一开关电路212的通断，以对所述第一直流电压V1进行升压处理；在所述第一直流电压V1大于所述开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元213还用于控制所述第二开关电路214的通断，以对所述第一直流电压V1进行降压处理。
继续参见图4，所述电压转换单元210还包括电感L1、第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2、第一输出电容C1，所述第二开关电路的第一端用于接收所述第一直流电压V1，所述第二开关电路214的第二端、所述电感L1的第一端与所述第二二极管D2的阴极相连，所述电感L1的第二端、所述第一开关电路212的第一端以及所述第一二极管D1的阳极相连，所述第一二极管D1的阴极与所述第一输出电容C1的正极相连，所述第二二极管D2的阳极、所述第一输出电容C1的负极、所述第一开关电路212的第二端接地。
其中，在所述电压转换单元210对所述第一直流电压V1进行升压处理的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元213还用于控制所述第二开关电路214处于导通状态。即在第二开关电路214处于导通状态的情况下，电感L1接收第一直流电压V1，可以认为第二二极管D2和第二开关电路214不存在。相当于升压/降压变换器中的升压功能部分工作，降压功能部分不工作。在所述电压转换单元210对所述第一直流电压V1进行降压处理的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元213还用于控制所述第一开关电路212处于截止状态。即在第一 开关电路212处于截止状态的情况下，可以认为第一开关电路212不存在。相当于升压/降压变换器中的降压功能部分工作，升压功能部分不工作。
需要说明的是，由于通常情况下，第一直流电压V1还用于为电压转换单元210中的升压控制单元211或者升压/降压控制单元213供电，因此，上述第一直流电压V1的最低值应能使得驱动所述升压控制单元211或者升压/降压控制单元213正常工作。例如，在配置辅助绕组Na和副边绕组Ns的匝数比时，应注意使得第一直流电压V1的最低值大于所述升压控制单元211或者升压/降压控制单元213所需的工作电压。
需要说明的是，图3与图4中介绍的控制电路200和控制电路200的结构仅仅为示例，本领域技术人员可以根据图3或图4的示例，做出等价或相似的设计或变形，只要其实现的功能相同，仍然落入本申请的保护范围之内。例如，上述控制电路中的电压转换单元可以是任何形式的升压变换器或者升压/变压变换器。
上文介绍了本申请实施例的控制电路，接下来介绍本申请实施例中的电源适配器500。如图5所示，该电源适配器500包括：
变压器130，包括原边绕组Np和副边绕组Ns。
辅助电源140，用于接收从所述原边绕组Np耦合过来的能量，以输出第一直流电压V1。
控制电路200，所述控制电路200包括电压转换单元210和开关控制单元220。
所述电压转换单元210用于接收第一直流电压V1，并根据所述第一直流电压V1生成第二直流电压V2，其中在所述第一直流电压V1低于开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，所述电压转换单元210用于对所述第一直流电压V1进行升压处理，以得到所述第二直流电压V2；所述开关控制单元220，用于从所述电压转换单元210接收所述第二直流电压V2，并将所述第二直流电压V2作为所述开关控制单元220的供电电压，其中，所述开关控制单元220用于控制所述电源适配器的原边电路中的开关电路111的通断。
其中，所述控制电路200可以是图2至图4中任一示例中所述的控制电路。为了简洁，图5的示例中与前文中相同或相似的部分，此处不再赘述。
可选地，上述电源适配器还包括原边电路和副边电路。上述原边电路和副边电路可以包括其他一个或多个功能电路。例如，原边电路中还可以包括整流滤波电路、电磁干扰(electromagnetic interference,EMI)滤波防护电路等电路。上述副边电路例如可以包括协议控制电路、同步整流控制电路或者其他电路，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
在本申请实施例中，通过在电源适配器中的控制电路中设置电压转换单元，该电压转换单元能够将接收到的第一直流电压V1进行升压处理，然后将第一直流电压V1提供给开关控制电路作为供电电压。从而允许辅助电源提供的第一直流电压V1可以维持在较小的变化范围，降低了控制电路的供电损耗，或者说降低了辅助电源的功耗，从而降低了电源适配器的功耗。
在本申请实施例中，由于在电源适配器的控制电路中设置了电压转换单元，电压转换单元中的全部电路或部分电路可以和开关控制单元集成在同一芯片中。其中，电压转换单元中的电感和电容可以集成在芯片中或设置在外围电路中。另外，相比于现有技术，本申请实施例中的控制电路可以减少在芯片的外围电路中设置的的电容和电感等器件。因此，应用本申请实施例的控制电路可以减少器件数量，并减少印刷电路板的占板面积。
图6是本申请又一实施例的电源适配器500的示意图。如图6所示，所述辅助电源140可包括辅助绕组Na、第二输出电容C2、电阻R1以及第三二极管D3，其中所述辅助绕组Na的第一端与所述第三二极管D3的阳极相连，所述第三二极管D3的阴极与所述电阻R1的第一端相连，所述电阻R1的第二端与所述第二输出电容C2的正极相连，所述第二输出电容C2的负极与所述辅助绕组Na的第二端相连，所述辅助绕组Na的第二端和所述第二输出电容C2的负极接地。
所述输出电容C2用于输出所述第一直流电压V1。
需要说明的是，图6中介绍的辅助电源140的结构仅仅为示例，本领域技术人员可以根据图6的示例，做出等价或相似的设计或变形，只要其实现的功能相同，仍然落入本申请的保护范围之内。例如，上述辅助电源140的电压转换电路可以是任何形式的辅助电源，只要其能够为控制电路提供供电电压即可。
图7是本申请又一实施例的电源适配器500的示意图。图7中的电压转换单元210为升压变换器。如图7所示，该电源适配器500包括原边电路110、副边电路120、变压器130和辅助电源140。变压器130包括原边绕组Np，副边绕组Ns。辅助电源140包括辅助绕组Na。原边电路110包括开关电路111、控制电路200、所述控制电路200包括电压转换单元210以及开关控制单元220。所述控制电路200中的开关控制单元220用于控制原边电路中的开关电路111的通断。所述电压转换单元210包括升压控制单元211、第一开关电路212、电感L1、第一二极管D1、和第一输出电容C1。
其中，辅助绕组Na接收原边绕组Np耦合过来的电压，该电压经过第三二极管D3整流之后变成直流电。升压控制单元211可以将输出电压设定为某一固定值，该固定值大于或等于开关控制电路的工作电压。例如，假设该固定值为10V。当第一直流电压V1低于10V时，升压控制单元工作，对第一直流电压V1进行升压处理，得到第二直流电压V2。第二直流电压V2为该固定值10V。其中，第一直流电压V1即第二输出电容C2上的电压。第二直流电压V2即第一输出电容C1上的电压。在第一直流电压V1大于10V的情况下，升压控制单元211不工作，第一直流电压V1可以直接提供给开关控制单元220作为供电电压。或者升压控制单元211不工作，第一直流电压V1在通过电感L1和第一二极管D1之后，输送至开关控制单元220作为供电电压。
可选地，第一直流电压V1可以连接开关控制单元220以及所述升压控制单元211。所述开关控制单元220可以用于检测所述第二输出电容C2上的第一直流电压V1，根据检测结果控制所述升压控制单元211的开启和关闭。即检测到第一直流电压V1大于所述开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，关闭所述升压控制单元211，不进行升压处理。若检测到第一直流电压V1小于所述开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，开启所述升压控制单元211，进行升压处理。
可选地，第一直流电压V1在经过线性稳压器(图中未示出)的稳压处理之后可以直接为开关控制单元220的低压控制部分供电或者为升压控制单元供电。
在一个具体示例中，假设辅助绕组Na和副边绕组Ns匝数比为Na:Ns＝1:1，忽略二极管压降，当电源适配器500的输出电压Vout为20V时，此时辅助电源140输出的第一直流电压V1的理论值为20V，考虑到漏感影响，第一直流电压V1的实际值约25V左右；当电源适配器500的输出电压Vout为5V时，辅助电源140输出的第一直流电压V1的理 论值为5V。考虑到二极管压降和电路损耗，第一直流电压V1的实际值可能低至3V。因此对于电源适配器的输出电压范围内为5～20V的应用，电压变换单元210的输入电压(即第一直流电压V1)的理想范围为5～20V，实际范围约3～25V。对于电源适配器500的其他输出电压范围，如果输出的最高电压和最低电压比接近4:1，通过调整匝数比，也可以使辅助电源140输出的第一直流电压V1的范围控制在3～25V。当然，如果电源适配器500输出的最高电压和最低电压的电压比为其他比例，也可以通过调整辅助绕组Na和副边绕组Ns的匝数比，使得辅助电源140输出的第一直流电压V1的范围控制在合适的范围。例如，与图1的方案相比，同样假设开关控制电路220的工作电流为5mA，忽略电压转换电路的损耗，从理论上讲，辅助电源140供电的最大损耗为5*20＝100mW，相对图1的方案，节约损耗100mW。
可选地，上述原边电路110和副边电路120可以包括其他一个或多个功能电路。例如，原边电路110中还可以包括整流滤波电路、电磁干扰(electromagnetic interference,EMI)滤波防护电路等电路。上述副边电路120例如可以包括协议控制电路、同步整流控制电路或者其他电路，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
可选地，图7中的电感L1、第一输出电容C1可以集成在芯片内，也可以设置在外围电路中，本申请实施例对此不作限定。在本申请实施例的方案中，相比于现有技术，能够减少设置在外围电路的电容、电感等器件，从而可以简化电路，减少印刷电路板(printed circuit board,PCB)PCB板的占板面积，从而减少了电源适配器的体积。
在本申请实施例中，在电源适配器支持宽范围输出电压的情况下，本申请实施例通过在原边电路的控制电路中增加电压转换单元，使得控制电路内部的供电电压维持在较小的范围内，并且可以实现外围器件最简化。采用该方案可以减少电路损耗，并且减少电路的占板面积。
图8是本申请又一实施例的电源适配器500的示意图。图8中的电压转换单元210为升压/降压变换器。如图8所示，该电源适配器包括原边电路110、副边电路120、变压器130和辅助电源140。变压器130包括原边绕组Np，副边绕组Ns。辅助电源140包括辅助绕组Na。原边电路110包括开关电路111，控制电路200，所述控制电路200包括电压转换单元210以及开关控制单元220。所述控制电路200中的开关控制单元220用于控制原边电路110的开关电路111的通断。所述电压转换单元210包括升压/降压控制单元213、第一开关电路212和第二开关电路214，电感L1、第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2和第一输出电容C1。所述第二开关电路214的第一端用于接收所述第一直流电压V1，所述第二开关电路214的第二端、所述电感L1的第一端与所述第二二极管D2的阴极相连，所述电感L1的第二端、所述第一开关电路212的第一端以及所述第一二极管D1的阳极相连，所述第一二极管D1的阴极与所述第一输出电容C1的正极相连，所述第二二极管D2的阳极、所述第一输出电容C1的负极、所述第一开关电路212的第二端接地；在所述电压转换单元210对所述第一直流电压V1进行升压处理的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元213还用于控制所述第二开关电路214处于导通状态；在所述电压转换单元210对所述第一直流电压V1进行降压处理的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元213还用于控制所述第一开关电路212处于截止状态。
其中，辅助绕组Na接收原边绕组Ns耦合过来的电压，该电压经过第三二极管D3整 流之后变成第一直流电压V1。升压/降压控制单元213可以将其输出电压设定为某一固定值，该固定值大于或等于开关控制电路的工作电压。例如，假设该固定值为10V。当第一直流电压V1低于10V时，第二二极管D2保持截止，第二开关电路214保持开通。电压转换单元210中的升压控制部分工作，对第一直流电压V1进行升压处理，得到第二直流电压V2。即第一开关电路212、电感L1、第一二极管D1工作。第二直流电压V2为该固定值10V。其中，第一直流电压V1即第二输出电容C2上的电压。第二直流电压V2即第一输出电容C1上的电压。当第一直流电压V1大于10V时，第一开关电路212保持截止，第一开关管D1保持开通，电压转换单元210中的降压控制部分工作，对第一直流电压V1进行降压处理，以得到第二直流电压V2。即第二开关电路214、电感L1和第二二极管D2工作。
可选地，第一直流电压V1可以连接开关控制单元220以及所述升压/降压控制单元213。所述开关控制单元220可以用于检测所述第二输出电容C2上的第一直流电压V1，根据检测结果控制所述升压/降压控制单元213的切换。即检测到第一直流电压V1大于所述开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，开启电压转换单元210中的降压控制部分，进行升压处理。若检测到所述第一直流电压V1小于所述开关控制单元220的工作电压的情况下，开启电压转换单元210中的升压控制部分，进行升压处理。
可选地，第一直流电压V1在经过线性稳压处理之后可以直接为开关控制单元220的低压控制部分供电或者为电压转换单元210中的升压/降压控制单元213供电。
在一个具体示例中，假设辅助绕组Na和副边绕组Ns的匝数比为Na:Ns＝1:1，忽略二极管压降，当电源适配器500的输出电压Vout为20V时，此时辅助电源140输出的第一直流电压V1的理论值为20V，考虑到漏感影响，第一直流电压V1的实际值约25V左右；当电源适配器500的输出电压Vout为5V时，辅助电源140输出的第一直流电压V1的理论值为5V。考虑到二极管压降和电路损耗，第一直流电压V1的实际值可能低至3V。因此对于电源适配器的输出电压范围为5～20V的应用，电压变换单元210的输入电压(即第一直流电压V1)的理想范围为5～20V，实际范围约3～25V。上述对于电源适配器500的其他输出电压范围，如果输出的最高电压和最低电压比接近4:1，通过调整匝数比，也可以使辅助电源140输出的第一直流电压V1的范围控制在3～25V。当然，若电源适配器500输出的最高电压和最低电压的电压比为其他比例，也可以通过调整辅助绕组Na和副边绕组Ns的匝数比，使得辅助电源140输出的第一直流电压V1的范围控制在合适的范围。例如，与图1的方案相比，同样假设开关控制电路220的工作电流为5mA，忽略电压转换电路的损耗，从理论上讲，辅助电源140供电的最大损耗为5*20＝100mW，相对图1的方案，节约损耗100mW。
可选地，上述原边电路110和副边电路120可以包括其他一个或多个功能电路。例如，原边电路110中还可以包括整流滤波电路、电磁干扰(electromagnetic interference,EMI)滤波防护电路等电路。上述副边电路120例如可以包括协议控制电路、同步整流控制电路或者其他电路，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
可选地，图8中的电感L1、第一输出电容C1可以集成在芯片内，也可以设置在外围电路中，本申请实施例对此不作限定。在本申请实施例的方案中，相比于现有技术，能够减少了需要设置在外围电路的电容、电感等器件，从而可以简化电路，减少PCB板的占 板面积，从而减少了电源适配器的体积。
在本申请实施例中，在电源适配器支持宽范围输出电压的情况下，本申请实施例通过在原边电路的控制电路中增加电压转换单元，使得控制电路内部的供电电压维持在较小的范围内，并且可以实现外围器件最简化。采用该方案可以减少电路损耗，并且减少电路的占板面积。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所述领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种应用于电源适配器的控制电路，其特征在于，包括电压转换单元和开关控制单元，
    所述电压转换单元用于接收第一直流电压，并根据所述第一直流电压生成第二直流电压，其中在所述第一直流电压低于所述开关控制单元的工作电压的情况下，所述电压转换单元用于对所述第一直流电压进行升压处理，以得到所述第二直流电压；
    所述开关控制单元用于从所述电压转换单元接收所述第二直流电压，并将所述第二直流电压作为所述开关控制单元的供电电压，其中，所述开关控制单元用于控制电源适配器的原边电路中的开关电路的通断。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的控制电路，其特征在于，在所述第一直流电压高于所述开关控制单元的工作电压的情况下，所述电压转换单元还用于对所述第一直流电压进行降压处理，以得到所述第二直流电压。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的控制电路，其特征在于，在所述第一直流电压高于所述开关控制电压的工作电压的情况下，所述开关控制单元还用于接收所述第一直流电压，并将所述第一直流电压作为所述开关控制单元的供电电压。
  4. 如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的控制电路，其特征在于，所述电压转换单元包括升压变换器或者升压/降压变换器。
  5. 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的控制电路，其特征在于，所述电压转换单元为升压变换器，所述电压转换单元包括升压控制单元和第一开关电路，
    所述升压控制单元用于检测所述第一直流电压，在所述第一直流电压小于所述开关控制单元的工作电压的情况下，所述升压控制单元用于控制所述第一开关电路的通断，以对所述第一直流电压进行升压处理。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的控制电路，其特征在于，所述电压转换单元还包括电感、第一二极管、第一输出电容，
    所述电感的第一端用于接收所述第一直流电压，所述电感的第二端、所述第一二极管的阳极以及所述第一开关电路的第一端相连，所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第一输出电容的正极相连，所述第一输出电容的负极以及所述第一开关电路的第二端接地。
  7. 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的控制电路，其特征在于，所述电压转换单元为升压/降压变换器，所述电压转换单元包括升压/降压控制单元、第一开关电路和第二开关电路，
    所述升压/降压控制单元用于检测所述第一直流电压，在所述第一直流电压小于所述开关控制单元的工作电压的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元用于控制所述第一开关电路的通断，以对所述第一直流电压进行升压处理；
    在所述第一直流电压大于所述开关控制单元的工作电压的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元还用于控制所述第二开关电路的通断，以对所述第一直流电压进行降压处理。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的控制电路，其特征在于，所述电压转换单元还包括电感、第一二极管、第二二极管和第一输出电容，
    所述第二开关电路的第一端用于接收所述第一直流电压，所述第二开关电路的第二端、所述电感的第一端与所述第二二极管的阴极相连，所述电感的第二端、所述第一开关电路的第一端以及所述第一二极管的阳极相连，所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第一输出电容的阳极相连，所述第二二极管的阳极、所述第一输出电容的负极、所述第一开关电路的第二端接地；
    在所述电压转换单元对所述第一直流电压进行升压处理的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元还用于控制所述第二开关电路处于导通状态；
    在所述电压转换单元对所述第一直流电压进行降压处理的情况下，所述升压/降压控制单元还用于控制所述第一开关电路处于截止状态。
  9. 如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的控制电路，其特征在于，所述第一直流电压为所述电源适配器中的辅助电源的输出电压，所述辅助电源用于接收所述原边电路耦合过来的能量，并输出所述第一直流电压。
  10. 一种电源适配器，其特征在于，包括：
    变压器，包括原边绕组和副边绕组；
    辅助电源，用于接收从所述原边绕组耦合过来的能量，以输出第一直流电压；
    如所述权利要求1至9中任一项所述的控制电路，所述控制电路中的开关控制单元用于控制所述电源适配器的原边电路中的开关的通断。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述辅助电源包括辅助绕组、第二输出电容、电阻以及第三二极管，其中所述辅助绕组的第一端与所述第三二极管的阳极相连，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述电阻的第一端相连，所述电阻的第二端与所述第二输出电容的正极相连，所述第二输出电容的负极与所述辅助绕组的第二端相连，所述辅助绕组的第二端和所述第二输出电容的负极接地。
  12. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的控制电路。
PCT/CN2019/094684 2018-07-09 2019-07-04 应用于电源适配器的控制电路和电源适配器 Ceased WO2020011095A1 (zh)

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CN109039028B (zh) 2020-06-16
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