WO2020021059A1 - Verfahren zum bestimmen eines winkels eines arbeitsgeräts einer maschine - Google Patents
Verfahren zum bestimmen eines winkels eines arbeitsgeräts einer maschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020021059A1 WO2020021059A1 PCT/EP2019/070168 EP2019070168W WO2020021059A1 WO 2020021059 A1 WO2020021059 A1 WO 2020021059A1 EP 2019070168 W EP2019070168 W EP 2019070168W WO 2020021059 A1 WO2020021059 A1 WO 2020021059A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- superstructure
- angle
- rotation
- angular velocity
- imu
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/26—Indicating devices
- E02F9/264—Sensors and their calibration for indicating the position of the work tool
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
- E02F3/308—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working outwardly
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
- E02F3/32—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working downwardly and towards the machine, e.g. with backhoes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
- E02F3/435—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for determining an angle of an implement of a machine, and a corresponding machine.
- a method for determining an angle of an implement of a machine For working machines, in particular for excavators, it is advantageous if they can precisely determine the angle of an implement, for example the angles of the excavator arm elements.
- Various ways are known from the prior art for determining such an angle, but none of them is both robust, inexpensive, precise and easy to integrate. In this context, it is also desirable if an implementation for determining an angle, of an implement, can also be easily retrofitted.
- an IMU an inertial measuring unit
- the gravitational force represents a vertical acceleration and can therefore be measured using an IMU. Looking at the location of this gravitational force from its projection onto the three axes of the accelerometer, it is possible to derive the angle of the IMU with respect to a vertical. Such a procedure is described, for example, in US 9618338 B2. Therefore, by installing IMUs on the implement, it is possible to determine the angle of the implement more or less exactly.
- the invention relates to a method for determining an angle of an implement of a machine, in particular an excavator, the machine having an undercarriage and a superstructure which can be rotated about it, the implement being fastened to the superstructure via a swivel joint in such a way that the axis of rotation of the swivel joint is orthogonal to the axis of rotation of the rotating superstructure, the implement is provided with an IMU, i.e.
- an inertial measuring unit which is designed to detect an angular velocity in three spatial directions, which are preferably perpendicular to one another, and a first of the three spatial directions, the angular velocity of which is determined by the IMU is detectable, is parallel to the axis of rotation of the swivel.
- the method is characterized in that an angular velocity occurring when the uppercarriage rotates is detected by the IMU, and an angle of the implement relative to the axis of rotation of the uppercarriage is determined on the basis of the detected angular velocity of the uppercarriage.
- the present invention does not attempt to suppress the effects of a rotation of the superstructure, but uses its characteristics for determining the angle.
- the rotation of the superstructure is an angular velocity that points constantly upwards (or downwards) when you take the focus of the machine or the excavator.
- the angular velocity or the vector of the angular velocity is always perpendicular to the plane defined by the rotation of the superstructure.
- the IMU gyrometers i.e. those devices that detect the angular velocity for a particular spatial direction, are arranged such that two of them are orthogonal to the axis of rotation of the rotary joint of the implement.
- a first of the three spatial directions, the angular velocity of which is recorded by the IMU is parallel to the axis of rotation of the swivel joint, so that the other two spatial directions must be orthogonal to it.
- the angular velocity of which can be detected with the help of the IMU the projection of the angular velocity, which is caused by a rotation of the superstructure, can now be measured precisely. It is therefore possible to precisely determine the angle of an implement on which an IMU is mounted with respect to the axis of rotation of the superstructure using the measured angular velocities.
- the angular velocity occurring when the uppercarriage rotates is reflected in the angular velocities of the two spatial directions of the IMU, which are different from the first of the three spatial directions, so that the angle of the implement can be determined from this.
- the two angular velocities of the IMU are preferably as for the spatial directions which are different from the first of the three spatial directions.
- the function atan2, also called arctan2 is an extension of the inverse angular function arctangent and takes two real numbers as arguments, so that, in contrast to normal arctangent, it has enough information to be able to output the function value in a value range of 360 degrees. It is therefore also necessary for the invention to include that the angular velocities for determining the angle are subjected to a case-dependent arctangent function.
- the angle of the implement is only determined on the basis of the angular velocity of a rotation of the superstructure if the angular velocity is above a threshold value. It can further be provided that if the angular velocity of a rotation of the superstructure is below the threshold value or on the threshold value, the angle of the implement is determined using an alternative method, preferably based on an acceleration detected by the IMU. In addition, it can be provided that a weighting is provided for determining the angle of the implement, and a determination based on the angular velocity is provided with a weighting factor which varies depending on the angular velocity of a rotation of the superstructure.
- the weighting factor may take a large value when the angular velocity of the uppercarriage rotation is high and low when the angular velocity of the uppercarriage rotation is low.
- the invention further comprises a machine, comprising: an undercarriage, an uppercarriage which is rotatable relative to the undercarriage, a working device which is fastened to the superstructure via a swivel joint in such a way that the axis of rotation of the swivel joint is orthogonal to the axis of rotation of the rotatable superstructure, and an IMU that is, an inertial measuring unit, which is provided in the working device and is designed to detect an angular velocity in three spatial directions, a first of the three spatial directions, the angular velocity of which can be detected by the IMU, being parallel to the axis of rotation of the swivel joint.
- the machine is characterized in that an angle determination unit is provided for determining an angle of the implement relative to the axis of rotation of the uppercarriage, the angle determination unit being designed to determine the angle of the implement on the basis of the angular velocity detected by the IMU when the uppercarriage rotates to determine.
- the trick is used again that the vector of the angular velocity is orthogonal to the plane defined by the rotation, so that the angular velocity sensor that detects the spatial direction that is parallel to the axis of rotation of the swivel joint does not when the superstructure rotates Rash noted.
- the axis of rotation and the spatial direction running parallel thereto are arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotatable superstructure.
- the spatial directions detected by the IMU are orthogonal to one another.
- the angular velocity occurring when the uppercarriage rotates is reflected in the angular velocities of the two spatial directions of the IMU, which are different from the first of the three spatial directions, the angular determination unit being designed to determine the angle of the implement from this.
- the angle determination unit is designed to determine the angle of the implement on the basis of the angular velocity of a rotation of the uppercarriage only if the angular velocity is above a threshold value and then if the angular velocity of a rotation of the uppercarriage is below the threshold value or is at the threshold, the angle of the implement via an alternative method to be determined, preferably based on an acceleration detected by the IMU.
- the machine is an excavator and the working device is an excavator arm which has an excavator bucket, an excavator arm and an excavator boom, the IMU being arranged on at least one of the components of the excavator arm in order to form an angle to the respective component of the excavator arm determine.
- an IMU is provided on the superstructure, on the excavator bucket, on the excavator arm and on the excavator boom, which are preferably connected to the angle determination unit via a data line. This angle determination unit can then be designed to calculate or derive the angle of each element having its own IMU.
- the components of the excavator arm are connected to one another via swivel joints, the axes of rotation of which are parallel to one another and thus are all perpendicular to the axis of rotation of an upper carriage rotation.
- the angle determination unit is part of an electronic control device which is connected to the control of the machine.
- Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a machine with a
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the invention.
- the machine 1 can be seen, which is shown schematically only by the superstructure 4 and an attached implement 2, for example an excavator boom.
- An IMU 8 which can detect an angular velocity in three spatial directions, is fixedly mounted on the excavator boom 2. These three spatial directions are orthogonal to one another, one of the three spatial directions being parallel to the axis of rotation 5 of the swivel joint 6, with which the implement 2 is pivotably arranged on the superstructure 4 of the machine 1.
- the swivel joint 6 can correspond to a hinge joint. If the superstructure 4 now rotates about the axis of rotation 7 shown in FIG. 1 at the speed (0t z ), this leads to an angular speed, the vector of which is oriented parallel to the axis of rotation 7. The corresponding vector can of course also run counter to the arrow of the axis of rotation 7.
- the IMU gyrometers that is to say those elements which record the angular velocity and which are arranged orthogonally to the axis of rotation 5 of the swivel joint 6, can then precisely measure the projections of the angular velocity. This is mainly done using the angular velocities (q c , q z ). It is therefore possible to determine the angle of an implement or an IMU 8 permanently connected to the implement by referring to the axis of rotation of the superstructure 4 using these two speeds (q c , q z ).
- FIG. 3 One of several possibilities for implementation is shown in FIG. 3, the speed of rotation of the superstructure being compared with a threshold value B and if the speed is below a threshold value, the calculation of a raw angle a B is carried out in a conventional manner from the acceleration measurement units , and when the speed exceeds or reaches the threshold value, the raw angle a B is calculated from the gyrometers. It can also be provided that the raw angle a B is smoothed on the rotary joint using a collinear gyrometer.
- a (t) is the angle obtained at time t
- a switchover unit 10 changes the basis for calculating the angle as a function of the speed of rotation of the superstructure.
- the angle is calculated in a conventional manner on the basis of the acceleration. Alternatively, it is possible to calculate the angle using the speeds, this being done only when the superstructure rotation has reached a certain speed.
- 0p y represents the by.
- IMU represents the angular velocity that precedes a kinematic chain.
- a complete system which represents the advantages of the method according to the invention, can be composed as shown in FIG. 2.
- An IMU is provided both on the excavator bucket 11 and on the excavator arm 12, and also on the excavator boom 13.
- Another IMU 8 is also provided on the superstructure 4.
- These four IMUs send their raw data (accelerations and Angular velocities) to an electronic unit (ECU), which contains the algorithms for calculating the relative angles between each part of the excavator arm or the superstructure. This means a calculation of the excavator bucket angle, the excavator arm angle, the excavator boom angle and an uppercarriage inclination and an uppercarriage roll angle.
- the electronic control unit ECU can also calculate all the relative speeds associated with these angles. It can further be provided that this control unit is in communication with an excavator electronics system, which provides all the data via a suitable bus. In the drawing, this is shown with a control box (steering).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201980049928.XA CN112567097B (zh) | 2018-07-26 | 2019-07-26 | 用于确定机器的作业设备的角度的方法 |
| US17/263,136 US12134879B2 (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2019-07-26 | Method of determining an angle of a tool of a machine |
| AU2019309447A AU2019309447B2 (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2019-07-26 | Method for determining an angle of a tool of a machine |
| CA3107557A CA3107557A1 (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2019-07-26 | Method for determining an angle of a tool of a machine |
| ZA2021/00483A ZA202100483B (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2021-01-22 | Method of determining an angle of a tool of a machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018118147.7 | 2018-07-26 | ||
| DE102018118147.7A DE102018118147A1 (de) | 2018-07-26 | 2018-07-26 | Verfahren zum Bestimmen eines Winkels eines Arbeitsgeräts einer Maschine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2020021059A1 true WO2020021059A1 (de) | 2020-01-30 |
Family
ID=67544192
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2019/070168 Ceased WO2020021059A1 (de) | 2018-07-26 | 2019-07-26 | Verfahren zum bestimmen eines winkels eines arbeitsgeräts einer maschine |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12134879B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN112567097B (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2019309447B2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA3107557A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102018118147A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020021059A1 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA202100483B (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3913326B1 (de) * | 2020-05-20 | 2023-12-27 | Roche Diagnostics GmbH | Probenbehälterfeder-prüfvorrichtung |
| US11624169B2 (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2023-04-11 | Deere & Company | Excavator with improved movement sensing |
| DE102021214441A1 (de) | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-15 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zur Korrektur einer Orientierungswinkel-Ermittlung eines Sensorsystems einer Arbeitsmaschine |
| ES3015735T3 (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2025-05-07 | Contelec Ag | System comprising multiple inertial measurement units |
| EP4296435B1 (de) * | 2022-06-22 | 2026-03-11 | Leica Geosystems Technology A/S | Verbesserte bestimmung eines auslegerschwenkwinkels eines baggers basierend auf der richtung der zentripetalbeschleunigung |
| EP4296433A1 (de) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-12-27 | Leica Geosystems Technology A/S | Verbesserte bestimmung eines baggerschwenkauslegerwinkels basierend auf einem winkelgeschwindigkeitsverhältnis |
| EP4517257A1 (de) * | 2023-08-28 | 2025-03-05 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Verfahren zur bestimmung eines geschätzten drehwinkels eines drehgelenks einer arbeitsmaschine |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090312974A1 (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2009-12-17 | Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies Llc | Inclinometer measurement system and method providing correction for movement induced acceleration errors |
| US20140168009A1 (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-19 | Trimble Navigation Ltd. | Multi-IMU INS for vehicle control |
| US20160237655A1 (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2016-08-18 | Komatsu Ltd. | Posture computing apparatus for work machine, work machine, and posture computation method for work machine |
| US9618338B2 (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2017-04-11 | Caterpillar Inc. | Compensating for acceleration induced inclination errors |
| AR104232A1 (es) | 2015-04-13 | 2017-07-05 | Leica Geosystems Pty Ltd | Compensación dinámica del movimiento en maquinarias |
| US20170218595A1 (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-03 | Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies Llc | Excavating Implement Heading Control |
| EP3235961A1 (de) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-25 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Baumaschine |
| US20170321395A1 (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2017-11-09 | Komatsu Ltd. | Posture calculation device of working machinery, posture calculation device of excavator, and working machinery |
| DE102016014759A1 (de) * | 2016-12-10 | 2018-06-14 | Hydac Electronic Gmbh | Verfahren und System zur Schätzung eines Winkels sowie Arbeitsmaschine |
| US20180171580A1 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-21 | Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies Llc | Excavator Four-Bar Linkage Length And Angle Offset Determination Using A Laser Distance Meter |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010003205B4 (de) | 2010-03-24 | 2020-01-16 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der vertikalen Beschleunigung, der longitudinalen Winkelbeschleunigung und der transversalen Winkelbeschleunigung eines Körpers, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
| NL2006343C2 (nl) | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-05 | Exsilent Res Bv | Micro-omzetter, geluidsweergave-inrichting en hoortoestel. |
| US10329741B2 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2019-06-25 | Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies Llc | Excavator control architecture for generating sensor location and offset angle |
| GB2573304A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2019-11-06 | Caterpillar Inc | A method of operating a machine comprising am implement |
-
2018
- 2018-07-26 DE DE102018118147.7A patent/DE102018118147A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-07-26 AU AU2019309447A patent/AU2019309447B2/en active Active
- 2019-07-26 WO PCT/EP2019/070168 patent/WO2020021059A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-07-26 CA CA3107557A patent/CA3107557A1/en active Pending
- 2019-07-26 US US17/263,136 patent/US12134879B2/en active Active
- 2019-07-26 CN CN201980049928.XA patent/CN112567097B/zh active Active
-
2021
- 2021-01-22 ZA ZA2021/00483A patent/ZA202100483B/en unknown
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090312974A1 (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2009-12-17 | Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies Llc | Inclinometer measurement system and method providing correction for movement induced acceleration errors |
| US20140168009A1 (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-19 | Trimble Navigation Ltd. | Multi-IMU INS for vehicle control |
| US9618338B2 (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2017-04-11 | Caterpillar Inc. | Compensating for acceleration induced inclination errors |
| US20170321395A1 (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2017-11-09 | Komatsu Ltd. | Posture calculation device of working machinery, posture calculation device of excavator, and working machinery |
| US20160237655A1 (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2016-08-18 | Komatsu Ltd. | Posture computing apparatus for work machine, work machine, and posture computation method for work machine |
| AR104232A1 (es) | 2015-04-13 | 2017-07-05 | Leica Geosystems Pty Ltd | Compensación dinámica del movimiento en maquinarias |
| US20170218595A1 (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-03 | Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies Llc | Excavating Implement Heading Control |
| EP3235961A1 (de) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-25 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Baumaschine |
| DE102016014759A1 (de) * | 2016-12-10 | 2018-06-14 | Hydac Electronic Gmbh | Verfahren und System zur Schätzung eines Winkels sowie Arbeitsmaschine |
| US20180171580A1 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-21 | Caterpillar Trimble Control Technologies Llc | Excavator Four-Bar Linkage Length And Angle Offset Determination Using A Laser Distance Meter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112567097A (zh) | 2021-03-26 |
| US20210180296A1 (en) | 2021-06-17 |
| ZA202100483B (en) | 2022-06-29 |
| CN112567097B (zh) | 2023-01-24 |
| CA3107557A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
| AU2019309447B2 (en) | 2024-09-19 |
| DE102018118147A1 (de) | 2020-01-30 |
| US12134879B2 (en) | 2024-11-05 |
| AU2019309447A1 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
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