WO2020030965A1 - Système d'avion de fret sans équipage - Google Patents

Système d'avion de fret sans équipage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020030965A1
WO2020030965A1 PCT/IB2019/000400 IB2019000400W WO2020030965A1 WO 2020030965 A1 WO2020030965 A1 WO 2020030965A1 IB 2019000400 W IB2019000400 W IB 2019000400W WO 2020030965 A1 WO2020030965 A1 WO 2020030965A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
aircraft
uaf
cargo
present
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2019/000400
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English (en)
Inventor
Jan Henri VAN MERKENSTEIJN, IV
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2020030965A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020030965A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00—Type of UAV
    • B64U10/25—Fixed-wing aircraft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U20/00—Constructional aspects of UAVs
    • B64U20/60—UAVs characterised by the material
    • B64U20/65—Composite materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
    • B64U2101/30—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
    • B64U2101/60—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for transporting passengers; for transporting goods other than weapons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2201/00—UAVs characterised by their flight controls
    • B64U2201/10—UAVs characterised by their flight controls autonomous, i.e. by navigating independently from ground or air stations, e.g. by using inertial navigation systems [INS]
    • B64U2201/102—UAVs characterised by their flight controls autonomous, i.e. by navigating independently from ground or air stations, e.g. by using inertial navigation systems [INS] adapted for flying in formations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2201/00—UAVs characterised by their flight controls
    • B64U2201/10—UAVs characterised by their flight controls autonomous, i.e. by navigating independently from ground or air stations, e.g. by using inertial navigation systems [INS]
    • B64U2201/104—UAVs characterised by their flight controls autonomous, i.e. by navigating independently from ground or air stations, e.g. by using inertial navigation systems [INS] using satellite radio beacon positioning systems, e.g. GPS
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2201/00—UAVs characterised by their flight controls
    • B64U2201/20—Remote controls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system, method, apparatus, and
  • UAV unmanned aerial vehicle
  • the unmanned aircraft system includes a UAV, a ground-based controller, and a system for communication between the UAV and ground-based controller.
  • the UAV can be controlled autonomously by computers and/or be operated manually via a remote control.
  • UAS are not encumbered by a human on-board crew, life-support systems, and the other design-safety requirements of a manned aircraft.
  • Cargo is currently shipped on pallets - which can be wooden or metal, and contain a specific measurement of items on that pallet, so that the machinery for transporting the pallet to the aircraft, and the aircraft freight storage area can both accommodate the pallet. This does not allow for easy deviation from the size limitations of the pallet used for normal airline airfreight shipments.
  • the software infrastructure or supply chain management system for cargo being shipped by air can be effected by a simple lookup database storing the barcode or RFID tag identification code along with the cargo name.
  • Secure software systems are needed to provide for a more secure transport and storage of cargo information, so that others logging into the system cannot change the originally stored information for security purposes.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide for a cost-saving, efficient, and more reliable design and technology airfreight system.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide for an uncrewed, i.e. , no pilot or human staff physically onboard the aircraft, aircraft for transporting cargo.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide for an Uncrewed Aerial FreighterTM (UAFTM) system, method, apparatus, and computer software instructions which can be stored in the cloud, on a storage medium, on a harddrive, on a mobile device, on a network server, or other available location.
  • UAFTM Uncrewed Aerial FreighterTM
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide for an improvement of the available UAFTM technology in design and use of a more accessible aircraft structure for cargo and hardware system for loading cargo, as well as a secure software system for control of the UAFTM technology.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide a hands-on real world positive system for our veteran combat drone pilots to reclaim control of a drone which no longer carries and dispenses attack weaponry, but instead carries cargo and materials, and effect a proactive, positive task of getting that cargo or materials safely from one location to another location.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a possible effort to assist former combat drone pilots a method for assisting in lessening the effects of trauma and for leveraging their skills in a proactive and useful manner in industry.
  • FIG. 4 shows a front-right-side view of an aircraft according to an
  • FIG. 9 shows a receiving frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 shows a receiving frame according to an embodiment of the
  • FIG. 11 shows a receiving frame according to an embodiment of the
  • FIG. 12 shows a receiving frame according to an embodiment of the
  • FIG. 13 shows an ecosystem chain according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 shows a tokenization chain according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 shows an authentication chain according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 shows a loading system according to an embodiment of the
  • FIG. 17 shows a cargo loading system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 shows a cargo loading system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 shows a cargo loading system from a side view according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 shows an aircraft with landing gear down according to an
  • FIG. 22 shows an aircraft with cargo doors open according to an
  • the present system provides a mobile app or application program or set of instructions which are executable by a processor or computer (referred to herein as“mobile app” or“app” for ease of reading even if the app is used on a desktop or a non-mobile processor).
  • the present system provides a webservice or API(s). The webservice communicates between the mobile app and the external database or third party through the webservice’s API (application programming interface).
  • the present system provides a database.
  • the web service communicates the calls from the mobile app via an API to the database. Information from the database is sent via the webservice’s API to the mobile app.
  • the present system provides a web administrator system.
  • the web administrator system communicates directly with the database.
  • the web administrator system communicates via the webservice’s API with the database.
  • the web administrator system communicates via a different webservice’s API with the database.
  • third parties such as a payment processing center, a location-based services vendor, an administrative agency, and/or an external database / server, communicate with the mobile app and/or the web administrator system through one or more API and/or one or more webservices.
  • ETS Electric TaxiTM System
  • the UAFTM technology utilizes an electric taxi system (ETS).
  • ETS electric taxi system
  • the aircraft of the present invention will conduct its own pushback and taxi. While this is no miracle of aviation, this process will be conducted entirely without engine power, instead running off of on-board batteries. The reason for this change is simple; jetfuel is one of the most significant operational costs and the taxi-takeoff / landing-taxi process accounts for well over 25% of the fuel consumption of any given modern flight cycle.
  • the ETS overcomes the need for costly additional
  • the tires on the landing gear need to be extremely robust. While typical airplane tires can be robust, the UAFTM aircraft needs to have tires that are specially crafted for the specific operating environment, be it dirt/sand, tarmac, or snow, anticipated.
  • the cargo environment of the airframe provides for, at the center of the airframe, a cavity spacious enough to accommodate a 40ft ISO container or two 20ft ISO containers, for example. Other measurements can be allowed, provided consideration of weight and size is resolved.
  • the floor is fitted with twist locks (e.g., such as the standard locking mechanism for any ISO container).
  • these points on the floor are configured to be retractable so that breakbulk and other cargo modalities can also be accommodated. This is useful because the structure provides a more modular cargo environment, flexible depending upon the type and size of cargo.
  • the interior floor of the aircraft can utilize rollers to ease the movement of pallets and smaller containers. Such rollers can be in tracks to facilitate movement in predefined paths. Such rollers can be in less defined paths and be multidirectional in their rolling to allow for a more modular and flexible moving and placement of containers / pallets / materials.
  • a ramp is provided that exits to the aft of the aircraft.
  • this ramp is designed for cargo movement and can be covered in industry-standard rollers.
  • the ramp can double as a lift gate (per the back of a delivery truck).
  • four hydraulic points instead of two as can be seen on the C130, for example, can be used. The forward two can be left fixed while the rear two extend to form a ramp. All four can be used in unison to utilize the rear as a lift gate.
  • the roof is sealed by bay doors.
  • the bay doors can be embodied as two long doors running in parallel, or four smaller doors.
  • the bay doors are replaced by a rolling metal screen on tracks. All points of connection can be encouraged magnetically or by another available method. In an embodiment, it is not necessary that these bay doors or metal screen form an airtight seal over the bay.
  • IFR In-Flight Refueling
  • the UAFTM technology is a multi-role platform.
  • one UAFTM aircraft can be used to conduct in-air-fueling of another UAFTM aircraft by replacing its standard ISO container with a specialized liquid cylinder ISO (International Organization for Standardization) -compatible container that is full of fuel.
  • this fuel tank is connected to the proper fuel lines within the cargo bay.
  • each UAFTM aircraft has one line out through the rear bottom and one line in through the front top.
  • IFR interleaved hose and drogue system
  • slack line a central drop line hose and drogue system
  • rigid boom system a rigid boom system
  • slack line an underwing pod drop line
  • other less typical configurations the dominant mode chosen for the UAFTM technology is the central drop line.
  • Each UAFTM aircraft has a retractable central drop line in the rear belly and a rigid boom in the upper nose. This allows, for example, for a special reflexive characteristic when operating in a group of greater that two, the IRF Daisychain.
  • the technique assists in the swarm dynamics of the UAFTM aircraft as it will allow for the fleet to share fuel. With the Eco Chain in place, the settling of fuel sharing accounts can be immediate and simple..
  • the IFR system provides nitrogen that pumps through the system to ensure that no oxygen is present to catch fire should any sparks occur during contact of the drogue and male boom.
  • the pumping of nitrogen through the system is critical and unavoidable, however carrying and supplying nitrogen in tanks would be very supply chain intensive.
  • the UAFTM aircraft conducts in-situ utilization (ISU) of nitrogen (N2) and produce its own to meet IFR safety standards.
  • ISU in-situ utilization
  • N2 nitrogen
  • the N2 is purified, concentrated, and stored in tanks as either N2 (gas) or LN2 (Liquid).
  • Flight Computer in the front of the cargo bay, in the void within the nose of the plane, all essential flight control systems including the flight computer, air-to-ground communication systems, and air-to-air communication systems can be situated.
  • the UAF is a fly by wire system, meaning it conveys control commands via wire and electric signal.
  • the UAFTM aircraft has a metal and composite based airframe. While the internals and support structure, including the internal frame of the airframe, are made of metal (such as one or more of: aluminum, titanium, and other specialized alloys), the surface skin and lifting body of the aircraft are primarily carbon fibre. In an embodiment, the carbon fibre composition of the aircraft’s skin allows for a greatly reduced overall weight of the airframe compared to a purely metal construction methodology. In an embodiment, the UAFTM aircraft has an atypical engine positioning and therefore an atypical wing design. While most modern jetliners tend to position their engines below the wing to reduce cabin vibration and noise (and therein increase passenger comfort), there is some precedent for rear mounted engines.
  • placing engines at the very rear of the airframe creates several benefits.
  • First for example, when the plane is cutting through the fluid of the air, at the very rear of the plane is a pocket of slow-moving dead-air that pulls the tail down and greatly reduces lift. By immediately filling this spot with fast moving air from the engines, huge gains in fuel efficiency occur.
  • Second for example, by placing engines away from the wings, the wings can be engineered for the exclusive purpose of lift.
  • placing engines to the rear of the airframe helps distribute weight on an otherwise forward heavy airframe.
  • FIGs. 1A, 1 B, and 1 C an example aircraft is shown.
  • Fig. 1A two containers are shown located in the center of the aircraft.
  • the multiple engines are shown in the back of the aircraft. This allows for a distribution of weight that can be advantageous for the aircraft.
  • Fig. 1 B example dimensions of an aircraft are shown.
  • the location of a container(s) in the body of the aircraft is shown, along with placement of one or more engines.
  • This example shows the aircraft in flight, with the landing gear inside the aircraft, and the cargo doors closed on the aircraft.
  • Fig. 1 C an example aircraft is shown with the cargo doors opened.
  • the cargo doors are located on the top of the aircraft, as opposed to the side or back of the aircraft.
  • An example embodiment of a UAFTM aircraft is as follows:
  • ETS Electric Taxi System
  • FIG. 16 to 19 an embodiment of the aircraft is shown as a structure with a top-loading structure having a container for loading or unloading from the aircraft.
  • the container is suspended either from removing from an UAF or for depositing into the top portion of an aircraft.
  • aircraft in embodiments of the present invention is being used interchangeably with UAFTM aircraft.
  • FIGs. 2 to 4 and 20 to 22 show different perspectives, including top and side views of the aircraft aerodynamic structure, which includes a consideration for the load weight of any container or cargo to be carried as well as the placement of the engine of the aircraft.
  • the UAF service bot is a dedicated
  • each UAF when being operated in remote by a human rather than fully autonomously, requires a command space of less than 20x8 feet, the same footprint as the smaller ISO standard shipping containers. This means that the UAF can carry and relocate multiple remote control ground stations. These stations commune with the UAF via direct local bands and satellite Ku bands. While initially piloting will be in 1 :1 pilot to airframe, eventually the pilot will transition into more of an overseer role as technology progresses and will manage a swarm of several UAFs
  • connection of a tile to the skeleton can be accomplished in several different ways or embodiments.
  • tiles are fastened using a single or multi-part epoxy, adhesive, or glue.
  • the Tiles are fastened using a more typical rivet or nut and bolt system.
  • the tiles are secured to the skeleton using friction and force via a metal, ceramic, or other insert piece/s.
  • the skeleton’s negative space has a lip on which the tile may rest. In an embodiment, this lip is narrow, but enough to keep the tile from falling through the negative space of the skeleton. The lip is the point to which the tile would also be attached by utilizing one of the various embodiments above.
  • tiled skeleton can be 3D printed in large subunits, reduced complexity, and slotting of tiles into the skeleton is straightforward to automate.
  • each tile is a layered sandwich of woven carbon
  • Each layer of the hexagon tile will be oriented 120 degrees from the layer below it.
  • the first layer is rotated 120
  • the second layer is rotated 240 degrees, therein giving full coverage of the different fiber orientations from the weave.
  • This triple rotated layering is then mirrored again to create a tile with a total of six layers. In an embodiment, this process can be expanded upon to produce thicker tiles as well.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide for an uncrewed aerial aircraft and system. Previous systems, such as the Global Hawk, can be reutilized and refurbished to fit the specifications of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figs. 7 to 12 show various examples of the receiving frame, in which one or more containers can be placed. Fig. 12 specifically shows example placement of RFIDs for tracking purposes.
  • the receiving frame serves a dual role as interface between the UAFTM technology and the container physically, but also between the container and the UAFTM technology digital infrastructure, in particular, the parallel blockchains.
  • the receiving frame interfaces and interacts with the intermodal shipping container using the standard male twist lock mechanism. This is used to secure the container from above, below, and/or the sides to the physical cargo bay of the UAFTM aircraft. For example, the successful physical interfacing is concurrent to and is registered in the digital presence of the aircraft as well.
  • the standard ISO container upon docking, is logged indelibly into the three blockchains (eco, auth, and token) via a confirmation of an RFID contact on the container and the receiving frame RFID Gate.
  • the RFID is pinged periodically during the transportation of the container, and these pings are also recorded and available for observation by interested parties. In this way, rather than only being able to track cargo in transit down to the city or delivery hub, it is now possible for the average consumer to view their goods with a granularity of seconds due to this recurring RFID handshake at the receiving frame and its imprint on the relevant parts of the three blockchains.
  • the male twist locks have a special functionality in that they are able to be retracted into the UAFTM cargobay floor. In an embodiment, covers then conceal the retracted twistlocks such that the cargobay can be used as a breakbulk cargo space.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example blockchain utilized in the operation of the Uncrewed Aerial FreighterTM system (UAF), i.e. , the Ecosystem Chain (Eco Chain, Eco).
  • UAF Uncrewed Aerial FreighterTM system
  • Eco Chain Eco Chain
  • This blockchain has a currency style token issued on it that is credited to user accounts for their internal use in the ecosystem of products and services offered as well as for settling external accounts.
  • Some of the main utilizations of this internal ecosystem blockchain include settling accounts during dynamic swarming activities like Vortex Surfing, paying for maintenance and refueling, paying government entities for air transit fees, and paying corporate partners for services like airport parking slips.
  • the currency will be usable on an internal matching protocol for airfreight providers and senders.
  • the internal settlement system will allocate funds from the users in the swarm who receive a benefit to those who provide it.
  • the lead member cuts through the turbulent air and creates a space of calm air that follows. It is this calmer air that the following planes take advantage of and consequently gain a performance boost from.
  • a settlement mechanism should take into account features of the swarm like vehicle position, relative turbulence, overall weight, fuel weight, cargo weight, and distance traveled in swarm.
  • the internal settlement mechanism can also be a means of sourcing additional fuel from swarm mates.
  • Each Block includes for example:
  • Timestamp (How to Timestamp a Digital Document)
  • Event driven blocks e.g.:
  • the second blockchain e.g., shown in Fig. 14, employed in the UAF(tm) system has to do with its structuring as an asset.
  • a contribution made by aviation finance has been to turn the plane from a singular asset and transmogrify it into an asset class.
  • This class due to the sheer volume of capital involved, has begotten a burgeoning sale-leaseback industry and all of its affiliate components such as airframe rating agencies and appraisers.
  • the UAF system takes the next step in the evolution of aviation finance by digitizing itself and its asset status.
  • the tokenization of the airframe allows the entire
  • new activities can also be conducted with tokenized airframes. Because the asset is dramatically more fungible, activities like futures trading and such can also be conducted more easily. Additionally, e.g., the sale- leaseback industry will catch a huge break, as will operators, as these deeds will be very easy to get on and off of books to accommodate appropriate scaling up and down based on economic forecasting.
  • a benefit of using the blockchain is the reduction in error rate and purposeful fraud. Fraud is a major concern in the global supply chain, with IBM’s blockchain division estimating that blockchain will provide a 40% reduction in the chronic maritime document fraud epidemic. As air freight booms in the coming decades, it will be critical to provide a secure and clean supply chain that can guarantee certified passage for certified goods, and nothing more. Debunking black market economics at the point of travel is a perfect interdiction that exemplifies blockchain implementation at its best. In terms of border security and national security for the United States of America, ensuring Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) is able to conduct their job quickly and effectively is to every party’s utmost interest. In particular, maritime freight can experience tremendous delays even though it has already been
  • the UAF technology would implement a virtual seal on its cargo.
  • the CBP officer will interface with the UAF via a mobile device and can certify digitally with their signature that everything is compliant.
  • the Auth Chain produces a new block that is set in the chain and is functionally set in digital stone. This authorization mechanism can then be instantly recognized by the CBP officials at the port of entry where they can expedite the movement of the UAF carried container upon arrival.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide for computer-readable medium comprising computer-readable

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système, un procédé, un appareil et un logiciel pour une technologie associée à un avion de fret sans équipage. La technologie comprend un aéronef conçu pour transporter uniquement une cargaison, et fonctionne soit à distance, soit de manière autonome. La technologie comprend un système logiciel pour commander le vol ainsi que le ravitaillement, l'atterrissage, le décollage, ainsi que la disposition et la réception de matériaux et de conteneurs. La technologie comprend un système de suivi, utilisant une technologie de chaîne de blocs, des matériaux, des aéronefs et d'autres caractéristiques.
PCT/IB2019/000400 2018-08-10 2019-02-11 Système d'avion de fret sans équipage Ceased WO2020030965A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US201862717764P 2018-08-10 2018-08-10
US62/717,764 2018-08-10

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WO2020030965A1 true WO2020030965A1 (fr) 2020-02-13

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Citations (6)

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US20140032034A1 (en) * 2012-05-09 2014-01-30 Singularity University Transportation using network of unmanned aerial vehicles
WO2014080386A2 (fr) * 2014-03-25 2014-05-30 Alshdaifat, Wasfi Aéro-porteuse pour service de drones
US20150120094A1 (en) * 2013-10-26 2015-04-30 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Unmanned aerial vehicle delivery system
US20160068264A1 (en) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-10 Qualcomm Incorporated Methods, Systems and Devices for Delivery Drone Security
US20160176523A1 (en) * 2013-10-15 2016-06-23 Elwha Llc Motor vehicle with captive aircraft
US9828092B1 (en) * 2015-02-16 2017-11-28 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Item delivery with an unmanned aerial vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle retrieval system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140032034A1 (en) * 2012-05-09 2014-01-30 Singularity University Transportation using network of unmanned aerial vehicles
US20160176523A1 (en) * 2013-10-15 2016-06-23 Elwha Llc Motor vehicle with captive aircraft
US20150120094A1 (en) * 2013-10-26 2015-04-30 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Unmanned aerial vehicle delivery system
WO2014080386A2 (fr) * 2014-03-25 2014-05-30 Alshdaifat, Wasfi Aéro-porteuse pour service de drones
US20160068264A1 (en) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-10 Qualcomm Incorporated Methods, Systems and Devices for Delivery Drone Security
US9828092B1 (en) * 2015-02-16 2017-11-28 Amazon Technologies, Inc. Item delivery with an unmanned aerial vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle retrieval system

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