WO2020041862A1 - Procédé pour combiner des propriétés de mèche et d'évaporation dans des structures de tissu non-tissé - Google Patents

Procédé pour combiner des propriétés de mèche et d'évaporation dans des structures de tissu non-tissé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020041862A1
WO2020041862A1 PCT/CA2019/051073 CA2019051073W WO2020041862A1 WO 2020041862 A1 WO2020041862 A1 WO 2020041862A1 CA 2019051073 W CA2019051073 W CA 2019051073W WO 2020041862 A1 WO2020041862 A1 WO 2020041862A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
fabric
woven fabric
gsm
bonding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CA2019/051073
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sae Heung CHANG
Jianming HAN
Weiguo SHEN
Hongshan WAN
Jin Tae Park
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Heat-Mx Worldwide
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Heat-Mx Worldwide
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2020041862A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020041862A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Definitions

  • the present technology relates to a method improving evaporation of moisture from a fabric, to fabric structures obtained by such methods and to articles of manufactures comprising the fabric structures.
  • the evaporation process of water and moisture involves the breakdown of the size of the water mass.
  • the rate of water evaporation is affected by many different factors such as the size of water mass, air temperature, relative humidity, etc.
  • the surface area of the water mass exposed to various environmental conditions that affect or induce evaporation plays a key role in the rate of evaporation of the water to the environment.
  • Wicking or also described as absorption, is a process of which water mass increases its surface area. While wicking properties contribute to accelerating the evaporation process, it may, in some, circumstances undesirable for some daily used items to have wicking properties. As such properties may allow water penetration. It, however, is a key functionality for other items such as diapers, sanitary pads, or the like, as it helps wet surface dry quicker.
  • the wicking property increases the rate of drying by increasing the surface area of water based liquid. However, it does not break down the size of water mass beyond its limit.
  • the present technology relates to a method for improving evaporation of moisture from a fabric, the method comprising: bounding a first layer of fabric having wicking properties to a second layer of non-woven fabric, wherein the second layer of non-woven fabric comprises a plurality of pores allowing movement of water molecules through the second layer of non-woven fabric.
  • the present technology relates to a method for improving evaporation of moisture from a fabric, the method comprising bounding a first layer of fabric having wicking properties to a second layer of non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric comprises a plurality of pores allowing movement of water molecules through the non- woven fabric.
  • the present technology relates to a method for increasing the rate of evaporation of moisture from a fabric, the method comprising bounding a fabric having wicking properties to a non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric comprises a plurality of pores allowing movement of water molecules through the non-woven fabric.
  • the present technology relates to a method for combining wicking properties and water-vapor evaporation into non-woven fabric structures to increase the rate of evaporation through the fabric structures.
  • the methods of the present technology further improve softness, strength, rigidity, thermal insulation, anti-bacteria, heat-generation, far-infrared and negative ion emission, water- repellency, water-resistance, wind resistance, and down-proofing of the non-woven fabric.
  • the present technology relates to a method for increasing the rate of evaporation of water from a non-woven fabric structure.
  • the method comprises increasing the surface area of the water molecules with the wicking properties and providing a fiber structure to create other properties such as adsorption and diffusion to promote water-vapor evaporation.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a two layer fabric in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation illustrating the wicking and evaporation of water from a two layer fabric with combined wicking and water-vapor evaporation properties, in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology.
  • Relative terms such as“lower” or“bottom”,“upper” or“top”,“left” or“right”, “above” or“below”,“front” or“rear” may be used herein to describe one element’s relationship to another element as illustrated in the Figures. It will be understood that relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the Figures.
  • wicking refers to the process of water absorption or the drawing off of liquid by capillary action.
  • Various performance features based on a variety of different performance criterion may be added to different types of finished products.
  • a wide range of currently available non- woven fabric materials with a variety of properties offer different functionalities such as, for example, thermal insulation for apparel items, liquid absorption for sanitary pads or dippers, filtration for vehicles, acoustic protection for construction, etc.
  • Such products may be designed and produced to comprise certain desired performance features.
  • sanitary pads may be designed with water absorption being the key performance feature, while also comprising certain complimentary performance features such as softness and strength.
  • the present technology relates to a method for improving evaporation of moisture from fabric.
  • the method comprising placing a non-woven fabric onto a fabric having improved wicking properties.
  • the non-woven fabric comprises a plurality of pores for allowing adsorption and diffusion of moisture from the fabric with improved wicking properties through the non-woven fabric and eventually to the exterior environment.
  • the pores are micropores.
  • the pores are nanopores.
  • the pores are a mixture of micropores and nanopores.
  • the non-woven fabric comprises a high portion of micro- and/or nano-fibers in the range of between about 0.1 Denier and about 0.5 Denier fibers in case of microfibers and fibers with a thickness or diameter of only a few nanometers.
  • the pores are created at random (randomly distributed) into the non-woven fabric, for example by random deposit of fibers (or microfibers/nanofibers) throughout the structure of the non-woven fabric. These pores increase the surface area and promote the adsorption of water-vapor molecules due to the change of surface excess and surface free energy. In some instances, diffusion of moisture is caused by differences in relative humidity or is caused by convective evaporation (e.g., heavy perspiration, or the like).
  • the pores have an average size ranging from between about 10 nm and about 1000 pm. In some implementations, the pores have an average size ranging from between about 50 nm and about 1000 pm. In some implementations, the pores have an average size ranging from between about 100 nm and about 1000 pm. In some implementations, the pores have an average size ranging from between about 500 nm and about 1000 pm. In some implementations, the pores have an average size ranging from between about 10 nm and about 500 pm. In some implementations, the pores have an average size ranging from between about 50 nm and about 500 pm. In some implementations, the pores have an average size ranging from between about 100 nm and about 500 pm.
  • the pores have an average size ranging from between about 10 nm and about 250 mih. In some implementations, the pores have an average size ranging from between about 50 nm and about 250 pm. In some implementations, the pores have an average size ranging from between about 100 nm and about 250 pm. In some implementations, the pores have an average size ranging from between about 2 nm and about 250 pm.
  • the fabric with improved wicking properties is woven, knited or non-woven structure with either mechanical or chemical means of providing wicking properties, such as, for example TANA ® FINISH HPX, to boost the capillary action.
  • mechanical or chemical means of providing wicking properties such as, for example TANA ® FINISH HPX
  • Such chemical treatments improve affinity of water for the treated fabrics towards moisture, thereby helping improve the capillary actions.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a fabric structure with improved evaporation properties according to one embodiment of the present technology where the fabric structure (10) comprises a first fabric layer (20) and a second fabric layer (30).
  • the first fabric layer (20) faces towards to skin of a user when the fabric structure is in use and the second fabric layer (30) faces the exterior environment and/or other finishing fabric when the fabric structure is in use.
  • the first layer (20) is referred to as an inward fabric layer and the second fabric layer is referred to as an outward fabric layer.
  • the first fabric layer may be made from woven, knited or non-woven fabric layer that may be made using a wide range of materials currently available on the market that have strong wicking properties.
  • the second fabric layer may be made from a non-woven fabric comprising a plurality of pores that promotes adsorption and diffusion actions of vapor in order to accelerate the evaporation of water and moisture. These structures also help dry air penetrate into the fabric, which in turn provides a suitable environment for drying of the fabric.
  • first fabric layer (20) and the second fabric layer (30) may be joined together by one or more means such as, for example: chemical bonding, thermal bonding, stitching, or the like.
  • the first fabric layer (20) is made by manufacturing techniques such as, but not limited to: weaving, kniting, spun-bonding, spun-lacing, melt-blowing, thermal- bonding, dry-laying, stitch-bonding, and chemical bonding.
  • the first fabric layer (20) comprises one or more of: polypropylene, viscose, polyester, acryl, nylon, cotton, wool, acetate, modal, Tencel, and hemp.
  • the second fabric layer (30) comprises one or more of: poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), nylon, polyesters, polypropylene, polyamides, poly(amic acids), polyimides, polyethers, polyketones, polyurethanes, polycaprolactones, polyacrylonitriles, polyaramides, conjugated polymers such as the electroluminescent polymer, poly(2-methoxy, 5 ethyl (2' hexyloxy) para-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV), polyphenylenevinylenes, polyarylene-vinylenes, polythienolene-vinylenes, polypyrrolo-vinylenes, polyheteroarylene-vinylenes, polyanilines, polyphenylenes, polyarylenes, polythiophenes, polypyrroles, polyheteroarylenes, polyphenylene-ethy
  • the second fabric layer (30) comprises one or more of: bioabsorbable and biodegradable linear aliphatic polyesters such as polyglycolide (PGA) and its random copolymer poly(glycolide-co-lactide) (PGA-co-PLA).
  • bioabsorbable materials are biopolymers which include collagen, gelatin, alginic acid, chitin, chitosan, fibrin, hyaluronic acid, dextran and polyamino acids.
  • the second fabric layer (30) is prepared by electrospinning.
  • Electrospinning is a process by which high voltages are used to produce an interconnected membrane-like web of small fibers (10-500 nm in diameter).
  • This fiber spinning technique provides the capacity to lace together a variety of types of polymers, fibers, and particles to produce ultrathin layers.
  • fine jets of liquid shoot out toward a grounded target. The jet is stretched and elongates before it reaches the target, dries and is collected as an interconnected web of small fibers.
  • the technique provides the capacity to lace together a variety of types of polymers and fibers to produce ultra thin layers, which are useful for chemical protective clothing.
  • Electrospinning results in submicrometer size fibers laid down in a layer that has high porosity but very small pore size.
  • the presence of residual solvent in the electrospun fibers facilitates bonding of intersecting fibers, creating a strong cohesive porous structure.
  • the nanofibers assemble into a membrane-like structure that exhibits good tensile strength, excellent moisture vapor transport, extremely low air permeability and good aerosol particle protection.
  • Water vapor transport properties of electrospunnon wovens are excellent and indicate that layers based on electrospun fiber technology are thin, lightweight, and very breathable with respect to allowing evaporative cooling to take place through the protective clothing system.
  • the fabric structure (10) further comprises an area of lamination (40) located in between the first fabric layer (20) and the second fabric layer (30).
  • the first fabric layer comprises a non-woven fabric with wicking properties and/or a woven or knitted fabric with additional wicking properties.
  • the first fabric layer absorbs the water from the skin of the wearer of the fabric structure (10) and spreads the water throughout its structure, thereby increasing the surface area of the water mass ( Figure 2). As the surface area of the water increases, the rate of phase change from water to moisture increases ( Figure 2).
  • the second fabric layer (30) may be made using manufacturing techniques such as, for example: spun-bonding, spun-lacing, melt-blowing, thermal -bonding, dry-laying, needling punching, chemical bonding, or the like.
  • the second fabric layer (30) comprises one or more of: polypropylene, viscose, polyester, cotton, wool, acetate, and hemp, nylon, acryl, or the like.
  • a non-woven fabric structure to create largest possible surface areas may be adopted in the manufacturing. Some examples of such structure is to deposit fine fibers in micro- and/or nano-fiber range, and/or fibers with irregular sectional shapes which maximize its surface area, into the non-woven structure.
  • the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 0.05 lb/ft 3 and about 100 lb/ft 3 . In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 0.5 lb/ft 3 and about 100 lb/ft 3 . In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 1 lb/ft 3 and about 100 lb/ft 3 . In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 0.05 lb/ft 3 and about 50 lb/ft 3 .
  • the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 0.5 lb/ft 3 and about 50 lb/ft 3 . In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 1 lb/ft 3 and about 50 lb/ft 3 . In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 0.05 lb/ft 3 and about 25 lb/ft 3 . In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 0.5 lb/ft 3 and about 25 lb/ft 3 .
  • the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 1 lb/ft 3 and about 25 lb/ft 3 . In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 0.05 lb/ft 3 and about 10 lb/ft 3 . In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 0.5 lb/ft 3 and about 10 lb/ft 3 . In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a density ranging between about 1 lb/ft 3 and about 10 lb/ft 3 .
  • the second fabric layer (30) has a weight ranging between about 1 gsm to 200 gsm. In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a weight ranging between about 1 gsm to 100 gsm. In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a weight ranging between about 1 gsm to 75 gsm. In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a weight ranging between about 1 gsm to 50 gsm. In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a weight ranging between about 10 gsm to 200 gsm. In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a weight ranging between about 10 gsm to 100 gsm. In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a weight ranging between about 10 gsm to 75 gsm. In some embodiments, the second fabric layer (30) has a weight ranging between about 10 gsm to 50 gsm.
  • additional properties are added to the fabric structure.
  • additional properties include, but are not limited to: softness, strength, rigidity, thermal insulation, anti-bacteria, heat-generation, far-infrared and negative ion emission, water- repellency, water-resistance, wind resistance, and down-proofing.
  • additional properties include, but are not limited to: softness, strength, rigidity, thermal insulation, anti-bacteria, heat-generation, far-infrared and negative ion emission, water- repellency, water-resistance, wind resistance, and down-proofing.
  • CNT carbon nano tube
  • Another example is to treat the fabrics or fibers with chemicals to provide such properties as anti-bacteria, wicking, water-repellency, or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

De manière générale, la présente technologie concerne un procédé pour améliorer l'évaporation de l'humidité à partir d'un tissu. Le procédé consiste à lier une première couche de tissu ayant des propriétés de mèche à une seconde couche de tissu non tissé, la seconde couche de tissu non tissé comprenant une pluralité de pores permettant le déplacement de molécules d'eau à travers la seconde couche de tissu non tissé.
PCT/CA2019/051073 2018-08-10 2019-08-05 Procédé pour combiner des propriétés de mèche et d'évaporation dans des structures de tissu non-tissé Ceased WO2020041862A1 (fr)

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US62/717,185 2018-08-10

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5484645A (en) * 1991-10-30 1996-01-16 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Composite nonwoven fabric and articles produced therefrom
US5503907A (en) * 1993-07-19 1996-04-02 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Barrier fabrics which incorporate multicomponent fiber support webs
US20030181119A1 (en) * 2000-06-13 2003-09-25 Masahide Ishikawa Nonwoven- fabric laminate and use thereof
US20050079379A1 (en) * 2003-08-11 2005-04-14 University Of Tennessee Research Foundation Enhancement of barrier fabrics with breathable films and of face masks and filters with novel fluorochemical electret reinforcing treatment
WO2013043397A2 (fr) * 2011-09-21 2013-03-28 Mmi-Ipco, Llc Tissus composites
US20150065002A1 (en) * 2013-08-29 2015-03-05 Stedfast, Inc. Multilayer protective fabric covering material
US20160168756A1 (en) * 2013-07-05 2016-06-16 The North Face Apparel Corp. Forcespinning of fibers and filaments
US20160244880A1 (en) * 2006-07-07 2016-08-25 Cocoon, Inc. Protective covers
US20160332428A1 (en) * 2015-05-11 2016-11-17 Coverallsports, Llc Nonwoven composite compositions with graphene

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5484645A (en) * 1991-10-30 1996-01-16 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Composite nonwoven fabric and articles produced therefrom
US5503907A (en) * 1993-07-19 1996-04-02 Fiberweb North America, Inc. Barrier fabrics which incorporate multicomponent fiber support webs
US20030181119A1 (en) * 2000-06-13 2003-09-25 Masahide Ishikawa Nonwoven- fabric laminate and use thereof
US20050079379A1 (en) * 2003-08-11 2005-04-14 University Of Tennessee Research Foundation Enhancement of barrier fabrics with breathable films and of face masks and filters with novel fluorochemical electret reinforcing treatment
US20160244880A1 (en) * 2006-07-07 2016-08-25 Cocoon, Inc. Protective covers
WO2013043397A2 (fr) * 2011-09-21 2013-03-28 Mmi-Ipco, Llc Tissus composites
US20160168756A1 (en) * 2013-07-05 2016-06-16 The North Face Apparel Corp. Forcespinning of fibers and filaments
US20150065002A1 (en) * 2013-08-29 2015-03-05 Stedfast, Inc. Multilayer protective fabric covering material
US20160332428A1 (en) * 2015-05-11 2016-11-17 Coverallsports, Llc Nonwoven composite compositions with graphene

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