WO2020042238A1 - Gouvernail à coiffe et navire - Google Patents

Gouvernail à coiffe et navire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020042238A1
WO2020042238A1 PCT/CN2018/105608 CN2018105608W WO2020042238A1 WO 2020042238 A1 WO2020042238 A1 WO 2020042238A1 CN 2018105608 W CN2018105608 W CN 2018105608W WO 2020042238 A1 WO2020042238 A1 WO 2020042238A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rudder
cap plate
blade
helm
hat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/105608
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
梁明森
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhuhai Sunloong Shipyard Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhuhai Sunloong Shipyard Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhuhai Sunloong Shipyard Co Ltd filed Critical Zhuhai Sunloong Shipyard Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020042238A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020042238A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/38—Rudders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ship rudder with improved profile and structural design and a ship constructed by using the rudder, and in particular to a hat rudder and a ship.
  • the present invention is based on a Chinese invention patent application with a filing date of August 27, 2018 and an application number of 201810977978.1, the contents of which are incorporated herein as references that are closely related to the present invention.
  • the change of the ship's heading mainly depends on the rudder.
  • the commonly used rudders are leaf rudders and diversion rudders.
  • the structural commonality of the two is that they have rudder shafts and rudder bodies.
  • the upper end of the rudder shaft is connected to the steering gear to receive the torque transmitted by the steering gear, and the lower end is connected to the rudder body.
  • the structural characteristics of the blade rudder are that the rudder body is roughly flat in shape when viewed from the side of the ship, in order to reduce the resistance generated by the rudder blade itself.
  • NACA National Aviation Advisory Committee
  • the structural feature of the diversion rudder is that the rudder body is a tubular structure surrounding the blades.
  • the radial section of the diversion tube usually uses an improved NACA asymmetric section as shown in Figure 14.
  • a common problem with the above two types of rudders is that the torsion and bending moment of the rudder shaft is large. Because the cantilever of the rudder shaft is relatively long, the bottom bearing seat of the rudder shaft can improve the bending moment situation, but the torsion is still impossible. Improvement, so the rudder shaft is designed to have higher strength requirements, relatively large dimensions and relatively high material requirements. In addition, the resistance areas of the above two types of rudders are relatively large. Therefore, under the same rudder effect, the rudder resistance is still large during direct sailing. In addition, the rudder effect of the blade rudder is not ideal.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a hat rudder which can improve the above three aspects of the existing rudder problems;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a ship constructed with a helm.
  • the helm provided by the present invention includes a rudder shaft and a rudder body.
  • the rudder body includes a cap plate fixed to an end of the rudder shaft.
  • the cap plate has a top surface, a bottom surface, a front surface, a rear surface, and a left end.
  • the projection area of the cap plate on the horizontal curved surface and the right end surface in the cross section is smaller than the projection area on the waterline surface and smaller than the projection area on the vertical section.
  • a specific solution further includes at least one of a first rib and a second rib.
  • the first rib and the second rib are vertically installed on the top surface of the cap plate and located on the longitudinal middle section of the cap plate. This solution can strengthen the structure on the one hand and increase the rudder effect on the other.
  • a more specific solution is that one end of the first rib is connected to the rudder shaft, and the other end extends toward the front end surface of the cap plate toward the heel; one end of the second rib is connected to the rudder shaft, and the other end extends to the rear end surface of the cap plate toward the heel.
  • d is the diameter of the paddle.
  • the longitudinal section of the cap plate is an improved NACA asymmetric section. This solution can improve the resistance of the rudder.
  • At least one of the first auxiliary rudder blade and the second auxiliary rudder blade is further included.
  • the first auxiliary rudder blade and the second auxiliary rudder blade are vertically installed on the bottom surface of the cap plate and are located on On the longitudinal section.
  • a further solution is that the blade is located between the first auxiliary rudder blade and the second auxiliary rudder blade when viewed from the middle longitudinal section.
  • a further total solution is that the bottom edge of the first auxiliary rudder blade and the bottom edge of the second auxiliary rudder blade are both located above the axis of the blade.
  • a still further solution is that, viewed from the middle and longitudinal section, an end of the first auxiliary rudder blade that is far from the paddle protrudes from the cap plate, and an end of the second auxiliary rudder blade that is far from the propeller blade projects from the cap plate in the opposite direction.
  • the ship provided by the present invention includes a hull and a hat rudder.
  • the hat rudder adopts any one of the above hat rudder schemes.
  • the hat rudder of the present invention has a smaller resistance area than a leaf rudder or a deflector rudder, which greatly improves the speed. From the perspective of energy saving, the present invention has huge economic benefits. The above advantages will be explained more clearly in the embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a ship according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship between a hat rudder and a propeller viewed from a heading direction in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship between a hat rudder and a propeller viewed from a heading direction in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a hat helm of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a helm of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a middle and vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the helm of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the helm of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a left side view of FIG. 8 with the ribs omitted;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram reflecting an alternative solution of the lateral curvature of the bottom surface of the cap plate in the embodiment of the hat rudder of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view reflecting a longitudinal relative position of a cap plate and a paddle according to an embodiment of the hat rudder of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a structural diagram of a conventional single-board rudder of a comparative example
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a conventional diversion tube
  • Figure 15 is a comparative experimental data table.
  • the ship of this embodiment is a cargo ship.
  • the part above the main deck is omitted in FIG. 1.
  • a paddle 2 is provided on the stern of the hull 1, and a rudder 3 is provided above the paddle 2.
  • the hat rudder 3 is similar to a hat of the paddle 2. Therefore, the rudder provided by the present invention is called a hat rudder.
  • the rudder 3 is also worn on the paddle 2 like the same hat when viewed from the head.
  • the helm rudder 3 includes a rudder shaft 32 and a rudder body fixed at the lower end of the rudder shaft.
  • the rudder body in this example is only a cap plate 31.
  • the cap plate 31 is a top plate 311, a bottom surface 312, a front surface, and a rear surface. 314, a left end surface 315, a right end surface 316, and a curved panel having a curvature in space.
  • the spatial curvature of the curved panel refers to the curvature of the bottom surface 312 or the curvature of the top plate 311.
  • the curved panel has only lateral curvature and vertical curvature. It is zero, that is, the curved panel is a two-dimensional curved plate formed by longitudinally stretching the front or rear end surface 314 plane shape. The area and shape of the solid front end surface and the rear end surface 314 are exactly the same.
  • the cap plate 31 is in a cross section.
  • the projected area of the rear end surface 314 in FIG. 2 is smaller than the projected area on the waterline surface and smaller than the projected area on the longitudinal section. From FIG. 2, the cap plate 31 is a curved plate that is symmetrical with respect to the rudder shaft 32.
  • the cap plate 31 is equivalent to crossing the leaf rudder, and the short-side end face is a resistance surface. Therefore, the resistance of the hat rudder is smaller than the resistance of the leaf rudder. From FIG. 2, the cap plate 31 is only an arc plate. In this example, the center angle corresponding to the arc length does not exceed 180 degrees, and the deflector is a full arc plate. Therefore, the resistance of the cap plate 31 is equivalent to the same. One-third to one-half of the resistance area of the diversion tube under the conditions.
  • the rudder shaft 2 is relatively short and the force of the rudder shaft 2 is much better than the bladed rudder, so the size of the rudder shaft and the power of the rudder can be reduced.
  • the ship of the present invention may also be a surface ship other than a cargo ship, or a multi-paddle multi-hat rudder boat, as long as each paddle is equipped with a hat rudder.
  • the adapted hat rudder may be the following embodiments of the hat helm of the present invention.
  • the hat rudder of this example is only composed of a hat plate 31 and a rudder shaft 32.
  • the hat plate 31 has a top surface 311, a bottom surface 312, a front surface 313, a rear end surface 314, a left end surface 315, and a right end surface 316.
  • each of the end faces referred to in the present invention may be a flat surface or an arc surface, and the fluid resistance and the simple and complicated process selection should be comprehensively considered.
  • the bottom surface 312 is a cylindrical surface formed by a circular arc stretched in the longitudinal direction.
  • the radius of the cylindrical surface circle is equal to the radius of the paddle to which the hat rudder is fitted plus a value of h.
  • the value of h can be 0.1% d to The value between 100% and d, where d is the diameter of the paddle, and the value of h takes into consideration the ship type and design speed, which can be determined through model experiments during implementation.
  • the difference between this example and the first embodiment of the hat rudder is that a rib 33 is added, and the rib 33 is composed of a first rib 331 and a second rib 332.
  • the first rib 331 is vertically mounted on the top surface 311, and one end thereof is connected to the rudder shaft 31, and the other end extends to the front surface 313.
  • the second rib 332 is vertically mounted on the top surface 311, and one end is connected to the rudder shaft. 31. The other end extends to the rear end surface 314.
  • the rib plate 33 can provide the effective area of the rudder plate on the one hand and the strength of the fixed cap plate 31 on the other hand.
  • the rudder area capable of generating rudder effect is equal to twice the longitudinal projection area of the cap plate 31 plus the areas of the first rib plate 331 and the second rib plate 332.
  • the curvature of the cap plate in the transverse direction can be set to zero. See FIG. 6 and FIG. 7.
  • the characteristic of the helm in this example is that the curvature of the cap plate 31 is zero and it is a flat plate.
  • the rudder area that can produce the rudder effect is the first rib 331 and the second rib 332, and the rudder effect produced by the cap plate 31 can be ignored.
  • the main function of the cap plate 31 is rectification, that is, in the longitudinal direction. It is seen that the water flow in front of and behind the paddle is regulated by the cap plate 31 to improve the propulsion efficiency.
  • the other function is the same as in the previous two cases, and it provides the anti-rolling moment when the ship undergoes longitudinal sway.
  • a first auxiliary rudder blade 341 and a second auxiliary rudder blade 342 are added to the second embodiment of the hat rudder.
  • Both the first auxiliary rudder blade 341 and the second auxiliary rudder blade 342 extend vertically downward from the bottom surface 312 of the cap plate 31, and the bottom edge is located above the axis of the blade 2.
  • the blade 2 is located between the first auxiliary rudder blade 341 and the second auxiliary rudder blade 342.
  • the end of the first auxiliary rudder blade 341 that is far from the blade that is, the left end shown in FIG. 8 can extend the cap plate 31 to the left, as shown in the dashed part on the left side of FIG. 8. That is, the right end shown in FIG. 8 can extend the cap plate 31 to the right to improve the rudder effect, as shown in the dashed part on the right side of FIG. 8.
  • the lateral curvature of the cap plate according to the present invention can be designed in the manner shown in FIG. 10.
  • the value of the radius of curvature R of the bottom surface 312 of the cap plate 31 can be changed as long as the minimum distance h between the bottom surface 312 and the blade tip satisfies As long as it is required, R0 ⁇ R1 ⁇ R2 in FIG. 10, when R approaches infinity, it is the case of the third embodiment of the hat rudder.
  • the value range is (0 to 2) d; the value range of b2 is (0 to 10) d.
  • the cap plate 31 guides the part covered by the cap plate 31 of the high-speed flowing water flow that is diverted to the surroundings after being propelled by the paddle, and guides the direction parallel to the axis to increase the water flow in the cap, resulting in an increase in the water flow velocity in that portion, leading to an increase
  • the thrust F1 is increased, and therefore the speed is increased.
  • the cap 31 covers a part of the upward water flow and the upward force component makes the boat obtain an upward lift F2, which is equivalent to offsetting the gravity of the boat, reducing draught and increasing the speed.
  • F in FIG. 11 is the resultant force of the water flow on the cap plate.
  • the included angle between the top surface 311 of the hat plate 31 and the axis of the rudder shaft 32 is 90 degrees
  • the clip can also be designed according to the ship's trim status at the design speed Angle so that the cap plate 31 participates in trim adjustment when trimming of the improperly loaded boat occurs.
  • the above-mentioned included angle of the cap plate 31 with respect to the rudder shaft 32 can also be designed to be fine-tuned, and the trim and floating state adjustment can be performed by adjusting the included angle during sailing.
  • the cap plate 31 is arranged symmetrically about the rudder axis on the cross section.
  • the helm equipped with the present invention is necessarily a double rudder.
  • the cap plate 31 may not be arranged symmetrically about the rudder axis on the cross section.
  • the multi-engine and multi-propeller ship may also be provided in a specific situation so that the cap plate 31 is not symmetrical about the rudder axis in the cross section.
  • both the first auxiliary rudder blade and the second auxiliary rudder blade are located on the middle and longitudinal section, and may also be provided as two or more first auxiliary rudder blades and two or more first rudder blades.
  • first auxiliary rudder blades and the second auxiliary rudder blades are symmetrical about the rudder axis on the cross section.
  • the longitudinal profile of the cap plate 31 may also be a NACA asymmetric profile as shown in FIG. 14, or another NACA profile.
  • the structure of the ship's original rudder is shown in Figure 12.
  • the rudder body is a cap plate, which reduces the relative length of the rudder shaft, thereby reducing the strength requirements of the shaft.
  • the cap rudder has a relative leaf rudder or a deflector rudder. The smaller resistance area greatly improves the speed and also improves the rudder efficiency.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un gouvernail à coiffe (3) destiné à des navires et un navire équipé du gouvernail à coiffe. Le gouvernail à coiffe comprend un arbre de gouvernail (32) et un corps de gouvernail. Le corps de gouvernail comprend une plaque de coiffe (33) fixée sur la partie d'extrémité de l'arbre de gouvernail. La plaque de coiffe est un panneau à espace incurvé doté d'une surface supérieure (311), d'une surface inférieure (312), d'une face d'extrémité avant (313), d'une face d'extrémité arrière (314), d'une face d'extrémité gauche (315), et d'une face d'extrémité droite (316). La zone saillante de la plaque de coiffe sur la section transversale est inférieure à la zone saillante sur la surface de ligne d'eau et est également inférieure à la zone saillante sur la section longitudinale. Le navire adopte un gouvernail à coiffe.
PCT/CN2018/105608 2018-08-27 2018-09-14 Gouvernail à coiffe et navire Ceased WO2020042238A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810977978.1A CN109050862B (zh) 2018-08-27 2018-08-27 帽舵及船
CN201810977978.1 2018-08-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020042238A1 true WO2020042238A1 (fr) 2020-03-05

Family

ID=64757153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2018/105608 Ceased WO2020042238A1 (fr) 2018-08-27 2018-09-14 Gouvernail à coiffe et navire

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN109050862B (fr)
WO (1) WO2020042238A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118083063B (zh) 2024-04-25 2024-06-18 珠海市琛龙船厂有限公司 改进的帽舵及船

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4100874A (en) * 1977-04-08 1978-07-18 Wright Delatte U Flap rudder
KR101339894B1 (ko) * 2013-05-03 2013-12-10 국방과학연구소 전가동타에 수직끝판이 부착된 원통형 수중운동체
US20140326169A1 (en) * 2013-05-03 2014-11-06 Agency For Defense Development Cylindrical underwater vehicle with vertical end plate attached to partially movable rudder
CN205366034U (zh) * 2016-02-26 2016-07-06 广东海洋大学 一种新型船舵
CN106364654A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-01 镇江维斯特船用设备有限公司 一种耐受性好的鱼尾舵
CN208412081U (zh) * 2018-08-27 2019-01-22 珠海市琛龙船厂有限公司 帽舵及船

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4100874A (en) * 1977-04-08 1978-07-18 Wright Delatte U Flap rudder
KR101339894B1 (ko) * 2013-05-03 2013-12-10 국방과학연구소 전가동타에 수직끝판이 부착된 원통형 수중운동체
US20140326169A1 (en) * 2013-05-03 2014-11-06 Agency For Defense Development Cylindrical underwater vehicle with vertical end plate attached to partially movable rudder
CN205366034U (zh) * 2016-02-26 2016-07-06 广东海洋大学 一种新型船舵
CN106364654A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-01 镇江维斯特船用设备有限公司 一种耐受性好的鱼尾舵
CN208412081U (zh) * 2018-08-27 2019-01-22 珠海市琛龙船厂有限公司 帽舵及船

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109050862A (zh) 2018-12-21
CN109050862B (zh) 2019-10-01

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