WO2020042811A1 - 一种电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器 - Google Patents

一种电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020042811A1
WO2020042811A1 PCT/CN2019/096473 CN2019096473W WO2020042811A1 WO 2020042811 A1 WO2020042811 A1 WO 2020042811A1 CN 2019096473 W CN2019096473 W CN 2019096473W WO 2020042811 A1 WO2020042811 A1 WO 2020042811A1
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Prior art keywords
shaft
sleeve
bearing
processing unit
force measuring
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2019/096473
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
崔建昆
罗康兵
曾勇
彭波
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Chongqing Zhenyoujin Technology Co Ltd
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Chongqing Zhenyoujin Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2020042811A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020042811A1/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/45—Control or actuating devices therefor
    • B62M6/50—Control or actuating devices therefor characterised by detectors or sensors, or arrangement thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a central axis torque sensor of an electric power-assisted bicycle.
  • Electric power-assisted bicycle is a hybrid electric vehicle driven by human and electric power. It is characterized in that the motor and the human provide driving torque at a certain ratio at the same time. This ratio is controlled by a computer program. As the speed of the bicycle changes, as the speed increases, The torque ratio provided by the electric drive system will gradually decrease to the maximum vehicle speed limited by the system. The significant difference from other electric vehicle drive systems is that the reference input of the electric power-assisted bicycle control system is the real-time tracking signals such as the torque, cadence, and speed of the cyclist acting on the pedal. The intelligent control program determines the motor The output power can achieve the riding effect of man-machine integration, which is more environmentally friendly and healthy.
  • the electric power-assisted bicycle adopts a hybrid mode of "manpower + electricity", which not only has the lightness and convenience of the bicycle, but also can effectively make up for the burden of uphill, upwind, and carrying the bicycle.
  • the power provided by the power not only solves the laborious effort of cycling.
  • the cruising range is large, and long-distance cycling is achieved, which has revolutionized the traditional bicycle technology.
  • the electric power-assisted bicycle is based on a traditional bicycle, equipped with a torque sensor and a controller as its core power system.
  • the torque sensor is used to sense the strength of the rider's pedaling, and the cadence and speed signals are used to judge.
  • the control power system provides corresponding boosting support for the rider. Therefore, the electric power-assisted bicycle has a complicated structure and high technical content, and the torque sensor is the core of the electric power-assisted bicycle.
  • the prior art torque sensors for electric power-assisted bicycles include a rear axle hook claw pressure sensor, a crank disk torsion spring sensor, a pressure chain sensor, and a bottom shaft torque sensor.
  • the rear axle claw pressure sensor has the effect of elastic hysteresis, the precision of the torsion spring sensor is poor, and the pressure chain sensor will generate an error signal due to the chain's jitter, so the riding experience of all three is relatively poor.
  • the comprehensive performance is relatively good, which is a bottom shaft torque sensor. By directly measuring the torque that the rider acts on the bottom shaft through the pedal, the signal error is small and the response is sensitive.
  • cranks and pedals are installed on both sides of the bottom shaft of the electric power-assisted bicycle.
  • two feet of a person alternately pedal, and the torque is transmitted to the sprocket on the right side of the bottom shaft through the bottom shaft.
  • the bicycle is driven forward, and the torque on the bottom axle is alternated bilaterally.
  • the bottom shaft torque sensor is installed at the position of the five-way shaft and is mechanically coupled with the bottom shaft. Since the size space that the bottom shaft torque sensor can occupy is very small, it is very difficult to structure the electronic and mechanical components inside the bottom shaft torque sensor.
  • the axle torque sensors of the prior art electric power assisted bicycles are all integrated structures.
  • the bilateral torque is measured by using a long sleeve on the axle, and the signal line is led out from the fixed casing.
  • the integral axle torque sensor makes the force measurement system The large radial size is not conducive to the layout of components inside the force measurement system.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bottom shaft torque sensor of an electric power-assisted bicycle, so as to solve the problem that the size of the bottom shaft torque sensor in the radial direction is large due to the layout of components in the bottom shaft torque sensor in the prior art.
  • the invention provides a bottom shaft torque sensor of an electric power-assisted bicycle, including: a bottom shaft;
  • a sprocket wheel which is mounted on one end of the bottom bracket through a first bearing
  • a force-measuring sleeve is sleeved on the central shaft, the force-measuring sleeve rotates integrally with the central shaft, and the force-measuring sleeve and the sprocket disc are connected through a first clutch;
  • a stress-strain sensing element mounted on the force-measuring sleeve
  • a hollow shaft sleeve is sleeved at the other end of the middle shaft, the hollow shaft sleeve rotates integrally with the middle shaft, and the force measuring sleeve is located between the hollow shaft sleeve and the sprocket disc;
  • a bottom-axis signal processing unit is mounted on the hollow shaft sleeve, the stress-strain sensing element and the bottom-axis signal processing unit are communicated through a bottom-axis wire, and the bottom-axis wire is along the bottom of the bottom shaft.
  • the axis direction is attached to the central axis;
  • a sensor cover which is sleeved on the other end of the middle shaft, and the hollow shaft sleeve is located between the sensor cover and the force measuring sleeve;
  • a first mounting groove is provided on an end surface of the force-measuring sleeve at a side remote from the central axis, and the stress-strain sensing element is placed in the first mounting groove;
  • a second mounting groove is formed on an end surface of the hollow shaft sleeve facing the sensor housing, and the central shaft signal processing unit and a second induction coil of a pair of induction coils are placed in the second mounting groove. And the bottom axis signal processing unit and the second induction coil are connected by a wire;
  • a third mounting groove is formed on an end surface of the sensor cover facing one side of the hollow shaft sleeve, the main processing unit and a first induction coil of a pair of induction coils are placed in the third mounting groove, and The main processing unit and the first induction coil are connected by a wire;
  • the second induction coil is rotatable relative to the first induction coil, and when the second induction coil is rotated to a position opposite to the first induction coil, the first induction coil and the second induction coil There is a predetermined distance between the coils.
  • the force-measuring sleeve and the bottom bracket are fitted with a clearance, and the force-measuring sleeve and the bottom bracket are connected by a key.
  • the hollow shaft sleeve is screwed with the hollow shaft through a first screw, and the first screw passes through the hollow shaft sleeve and is screwed into the hollow shaft.
  • the bottom bracket wire is attached on the outer surface of the bottom bracket; or,
  • the bottom bracket wire is clamped in a fourth mounting slot opened on the outer surface of the bottom bracket;
  • the bottom bracket wire is penetrated in a mounting hole provided along the axial direction of the bottom bracket, and two ends of the mounting hole communicate with the outer surface of the bottom bracket, respectively.
  • it further comprises: a motor input shaft and a motor output shaft, wherein the motor input shaft drives the motor output shaft to rotate through a gear transmission device;
  • the motor input shaft sleeve is arranged on the bottom shaft, the motor input shaft and the bottom shaft are fitted with a clearance, and the motor input shaft is located between the hollow shaft sleeve and the force measuring sleeve;
  • the motor output shaft is supported on the motor input shaft through a second bearing, and the motor output shaft is sleeved on the force measuring sleeve and fits with the force measuring sleeve; the motor output shaft Connected to the sprocket disc by a second clutch.
  • it further comprises: a sensor cover, a motor end cover, a housing and a bearing cover,
  • One end of the sensor cover and the sensor cover are connected by a second screw, and the other end of the sensor cover, one end of the motor end cover and one end of the housing are screwed by a third screw; the motor The other end of the end cover is sleeved on the motor input shaft through a third bearing, and is mounted on the hollow shaft sleeve through a fourth bearing sleeve; the other end of the housing and one end of the bearing cover pass through the first Four screws are screwed, and the housing is supported on the motor input shaft through a fifth bearing; the other end of the bearing cover is supported on the sprocket disk through a sixth bearing.
  • a first spring retaining ring and a second spring retaining ring are sleeved on the center shaft to form an interference fit with the center shaft, and the first spring retaining ring fits the first bearing away from One side of the force-measuring sleeve, and the second spring retaining ring is attached to a side of the hollow shaft sleeve far from the force-measuring sleeve;
  • the sprocket plate is sleeved with a bearing circlip which forms an interference fit with the sprocket plate, and the bearing circlip is disposed in abutment with the sixth bearing.
  • the torque sensor of the central axis of the electric power assisted bicycle uses a force measuring sleeve installed on the central axis to measure the torque signal, so that the structure of the torque measurement system is compact, and the bilateral pedaling of the electric power assisted bicycle can be accurately measured.
  • the entire torque measuring system adopts a split structure, so that the radial size of the middle part in the torque measuring system is small, and it meets the structural requirements of the gear transmission.
  • the electrical components in the torque measurement system are connected by wired and wireless sensing methods, which has flexible layout and convenient installation and maintenance.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a center axis
  • Figure 3 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the force-measuring sleeve; 1—sensor cover; 2—third screw; 3—motor end cover; 4—third bearing; 5—center shaft wire; 6—shell; 7—motor output Shaft; 8- fifth bearing; 9- bearing spring; 10- sixth bearing; 11- stress-strain sensing element; 12- force measuring sleeve; 121- first mounting groove; 13- first bearing; 14- A spring retaining ring; 15-center shaft; 151-fourth mounting groove; 16-sprocket disc; 17-bearing cover; 181-first clutch; 182-second clutch; 19-fourth screw; 20-key; 21—the second bearing; 22—the motor input shaft; 23—the fourth left bearing; 24—the hollow shaft sleeve; 25—the central shaft signal processing unit; 26—the sensor cable; 27—the sensor cover; 28—the main processing unit 29- second spring retaining ring; 30- first screw; 31- first induction coil; 32- second induction coil; 33- second screw.
  • the present invention provides a bottom shaft torque sensor of an electric power-assisted bicycle, which includes: a bottom shaft 15; a sprocket wheel 16 which is mounted on one end of the bottom shaft 15 through a first bearing 13; and a force measuring sleeve.
  • the force measuring sleeve 12 and the central shaft 15 rotate integrally, and the force measuring sleeve 12 and the sprocket disc 16 are connected through a first clutch 181; the stress and strain sensing element 11, which is installed on On the force-measuring sleeve 12; a hollow shaft sleeve 24 is sleeved on the other end of the shaft 15; the hollow shaft sleeve 24 rotates integrally with the shaft 15; the force-measuring sleeve 12 is located between the hollow shaft sleeve 24 and the sprocket wheel 16
  • the center axis signal processing unit 25 is installed on the hollow shaft sleeve 24.
  • the stress and strain sensing element 11 and the center axis signal processing unit 25 are communicated through the center axis wire 5 and the center axis wire 5 is along the axis of the center axis 15.
  • the direction is attached to the center shaft 15; the sensor cover 27 is sleeved on the other end of the center shaft 15; the hollow shaft sleeve 24 is located between the sensor cover 27 and the force measuring sleeve 12; the main processing unit 28 is installed On the sensor cover 27, the main processing unit 28 and the bottom shaft signal processing unit 25 are electrically connected by a pair of induction coils. Connection, the signal processing unit 25 and the central axis relative to the main processing unit 28 is rotated.
  • the stress-strain sensing element 11 that collects the torque generated by the rotation of the bottom shaft 15 and the bottom shaft signal processing unit 25 and the main processing unit 28 that process the collected torque signals are separately provided, the three are no longer integrated.
  • the radial space occupied by the components for torque collection and processing in the center axis torque force measurement system can be reduced, and the size of the force measurement system in the radial direction can be reduced.
  • the radial space occupied in the system is reduced, which facilitates the layout of other components inside the force measurement system.
  • Both ends of the bottom bracket 15 are provided with inclined surfaces and screw holes for fixing the bottom bracket.
  • the bottom bracket is fixed to the bottom bracket 15 by screwing.
  • the bottom shaft 15 rotates with the rotation of the pedal, and the force measuring sleeve 12 that rotates integrally with the bottom shaft 15 drives the sprocket disc 16 to rotate through the first clutch 181.
  • the rotation drives the chain and the rear wheel to rotate, thereby realizing the movement of the bicycle.
  • the bottom bracket 15 and the force-measuring sleeve 12 are clearance-fitted, and the two are connected by a key 20 to realize transmission.
  • the stress-strain sensing element 11 installed on the force-measuring sleeve 12 is specifically a stress-strain sensor.
  • a torque is generated on the bottom shaft 15 and is mounted on the force-measuring sleeve 12.
  • the stress-strain sensing element 11 on the top generates a torque signal through the deformation of the material.
  • the generated torque signal is transmitted to the bottom shaft signal processing unit 25 through the bottom shaft wire 5.
  • the bottom shaft signal processing unit 25 processes the received torque signal to obtain
  • the torque value is transmitted to the main processing unit 28 through the electromagnetic induction between a pair of induction coils.
  • the main processing unit 28 transmits it to the electric booster through the sensor cable 26 passing through the sensor cover 27
  • the control system of the bicycle compares the measured torque value with the pre-stored torque value to determine whether the motor is required to drive. If the motor drive is required, input the corresponding target output torque value to the motor so that the motor outputs the target torque. Value for output.
  • the hollow shaft sleeve 24 and the bottom shaft 15 are screwed together by a first screw 30.
  • the first screw 30 passes through the hollow shaft sleeve 24 and is screwed into the bottom shaft 15.
  • a first mounting groove 121 is provided on an end surface of the force-measuring sleeve 12 on a side away from the center shaft 15, and the stress-strain sensing element 11 is disposed at In a mounting groove 121, the stress-strain sensing element 11 is clamped in the first mounting groove 121.
  • One end of the central axis wire 5 is connected to the stress-strain sensing element 11 and is attached to the force measuring sleeve 12 and the center.
  • the shaft 15 is routed to the bottom shaft signal processing unit 25 mounted on the hollow shaft sleeve 24.
  • a second mounting groove is provided on an end surface of the hollow shaft sleeve 24 facing the sensor cover 27.
  • the bottom shaft signal processing unit 25 and a The second induction coil 32 of the induction coil is placed in the second installation slot, and the central axis signal processing unit 25 and the second induction coil 32 are connected by a wire; the end surface of the sensor cover 27 facing the hollow shaft sleeve 24 is opened
  • There is a third mounting slot the main processing unit 28 and the first induction coil 31 of the pair of induction coils are placed in the third mounting slot, and the main processing unit 28 and the first induction coil 32 are connected by a wire; the second induction coil 32
  • the first induction coil 31 is rotatable relative to the first induction coil 31.
  • the signal communication between the central axis signal processing unit 25 and the main processing unit 28 adopts a wireless signal transmission method by electromagnetic induction between a pair of induction coils, reducing the wiring harness setting in the force measurement system.
  • the bottom bracket wire 5 since it needs to be routed from one end of the bottom bracket 15 to the other end of the bottom bracket 15, there are various wiring methods on the bottom bracket 15.
  • the bottom bracket wire 5 is attached to the bottom bracket.
  • a limiting groove for limiting the bottom bracket wire 5 is provided on the outer surface of the force measuring sleeve 12, so that the bottom bracket wire 5 can be prevented from moving on the bottom bracket 15; or,
  • the bottom bracket wire 5 is clamped in the fourth mounting groove 151 formed on the outer surface of the bottom bracket 15 to limit the position of the bottom bracket wire 5 on the bottom bracket 15 and at the same time, it is not set on the bottom bracket.
  • the arrangement position of other components on 15 causes interference; or, the bottom bracket wire 5 is passed through the mounting hole provided on the bottom bracket 15 in the axial direction, and the two ends of the mounting hole are communicated to the outer surface of the bottom bracket 15, respectively. Limitation of the bottom bracket wire 15 can be achieved, and interference with other components mounted on the bottom bracket 15 can be avoided.
  • the center-shaft torque sensor of the electric power-assisted bicycle in the present application it further includes: a motor input shaft 22 and a motor output shaft 7.
  • the motor input shaft 22 drives the motor output shaft 7 to rotate through a gear transmission device.
  • the motor input shaft 22 is sleeved on the bottom shaft 15, the motor input shaft 22 and the bottom shaft 15 are clearance-fitted, the motor input shaft 22 is located between the hollow shaft sleeve 24 and the force measuring sleeve 12; the motor output shaft 7 passes through the second bearing 21 is supported on the motor input shaft 22, and the motor output shaft 7 is sleeved on the force measuring sleeve 12 and clearance fits with the force measuring sleeve 12; the motor output shaft 7 is connected to the sprocket disc 16 through the second clutch 182.
  • the central axis torque sensor of the electric power-assisted bicycle further includes: a sensor cover 1, a motor end cover 3, a housing 6, and a bearing cover 17.
  • a sensor cover 1 and the sensor cover 27 pass through a second screw 33.
  • the other end of the sensor cover 2, one end of the motor end cover 3 and one end of the housing 6 are screwed by a third screw 2; the other end of the motor end cover 3 is sleeved on the motor input shaft 22 through a third bearing 4, And the fourth bearing 23 is sleeved on the hollow shaft sleeve 24; the other end of the housing 6 and one end of the bearing cover 17 are screwed by a fourth screw 19, and the housing 6 is supported on the motor input shaft 22 through a fifth bearing 8. ; The other end of the bearing cover 17 is supported on the sprocket disc 16 through a sixth bearing 10.
  • a first spring retaining ring 14 and a second spring retaining ring 29 are sleeved on the bottom bracket 15 to form an interference fit with the bottom bracket 15.
  • the first spring retaining ring 14 fits on the first bearing 13 away from the measuring force.
  • the second spring retaining ring 29 fits on the side of the hollow shaft sleeve 24 away from the force measuring sleeve 12; the sprocket disk 16 is sleeved with a bearing card which forms an interference fit with the sprocket disk 16.
  • the spring 9, the bearing retaining spring 9 and the sixth bearing 10 are disposed in close contact with each other.
  • the purpose of setting the first spring retaining ring 14, the second spring retaining ring 29, and the bearing retaining spring 9 described above is to limit the positions of the bearings that are attached to each other to prevent the bearings from moving.
  • a planetary gear transmission method may be adopted to realize the transmission between the motor input shaft 22 and the motor output shaft 7.
  • the torque sensor of the central axis of the electric power-assisted bicycle measures the torque signal by using the force measuring sleeve 12 installed on the central shaft 15, so that the structure of the torque measuring system is compact, and the bilateral pedaling during the riding of the electric-powered bicycle can be accurately measured Stepping torque.
  • the entire torque measurement system adopts a split structure, which makes the radial dimension of the middle part of the torque measurement system small, which meets the structural requirements of the gear transmission.
  • the electrical components in the torque measurement system are connected by wired and wireless sensing methods, which has flexible layout and convenient installation and maintenance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，包括：中轴（15）；安装于中轴（15）一端的链轮盘（16）；套设于中轴（15）上的测力套筒（12）；安装于测力套筒（12）上的应力应变感应元件（11）；套设于中轴（15）另一端的中空轴套（24）；安装在中空轴套（24）上的中轴信号处理单元（25）；套设于中轴（15）另一端的传感器罩壳（27）；安装在传感器罩壳（27）上的主处理单元（28）。

Description

一种电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器 技术领域
本发明涉及电动车辆技术领域，具体是一种电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器。
背景技术
电动助力自行车属于人力和电力驱动的混合型电动车辆，其特点是电机与人力按一定比例同时提供驱动力矩，这一比例由计算机程序控制，根据自行车的行驶速度变化，随着速度的升高，电力驱动系统所提供的力矩比将逐渐减小、直到系统限制的最高车速。与其他的电动车辆驱动系统的显著差别是：电动助力自行车控制系统的参考输入是骑车人作用在脚踏上的力矩、踏频、车速等实时跟踪信号，通过智能化的控制程序，确定电机的输出功率，达到人机合一的骑行效果，更加环保、健康。
电动助力自行车采用“人力+电力”的混合动力模式，既有自行车的轻巧和便捷性，又能够有效弥补自行车上坡、逆风、载物时的负担，电力提供的助力不但解决了骑自行车费力的问题，同时配合人力的驱动，续航里程大，实现远距离的骑行，使传统的自行车技术得以彻底变革。
从组成结构上，电动助力自行车是以传统自行车为基础，搭载以力矩传感器和控制器为核心的动力系统，以力矩传感器去感知骑行者踩脚踏的力度，结合踏频、车速信号进行判断，控制动力系统为骑行者提供相应的助力支持，因此，电动助力自行车结构复杂，技术含量高，同时力矩传感器是电动助力自行车的核心。
现有技术的电动助力自行车力矩传感器有后轴钩爪压力传感器、牙盘扭簧传感器、压链式传感器和中轴力矩传感器等类型。其中后轴钩爪压力传感器存在弹性滞后的效应，牙盘扭簧传感器精度差，压链式传感器会由于链条的抖动产生误差信号，因此三者骑行的体验都比较差。目前综合性能比较好的还是中轴式力矩传感器，其通过直接测量骑车人通过踏板作用在中轴上的扭矩，信号误差小、反应灵敏。
对于中轴力矩传感器来说，在电动助力自行车的中轴两边安装有曲柄和踏板，在骑行过程中，人的两脚交替蹬踏，通过中轴将力矩传递到中轴右侧的链轮上，带动自行车前进，中轴上的力矩是双边交替的。中轴力矩传感器安装在五通轴的位置，与中轴机械联接，由于中轴力矩传感器所能够占用的尺寸空间很小，对于中轴力矩传感器内部的电子元件和机械元件的结构布置非常困难。
现有技术的电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器都是整体式结构，通过采用中轴上的长套管实现 双边力矩测定，信号线从固定外壳引出，整体式的中轴力矩传感器使得测力系统的径向尺寸大，不利于测力系统内部的部件布局。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，以解决现有技术中因中轴力矩传感器内的元件布局导致中轴力矩传感器在径向方向上的尺寸很大的问题。
本发明的技术方案为：
本发明提供了一种电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，包括：中轴；
链轮盘，其通过第一轴承安装于所述中轴的一端；
测力套筒，其套设于所述中轴上，所述测力套筒与所述中轴一体转动，且所述测力套筒与所述链轮盘通过第一离合器连接；
应力应变感应元件，其安装于所述测力套筒上；
中空轴套，其套设于所述中轴的另一端，所述中空轴套与所述中轴一体转动，所述测力套筒位于所述中空轴套和所述链轮盘之间；
中轴信号处理单元，其安装在所述中空轴套上，所述应力应变感应元件与所述中轴信号处理单元之间通过中轴导线连通，且所述中轴导线沿所述中轴的轴线方向贴设于所述中轴上；
传感器罩壳，其套设于所述中轴的另一端，所述中空轴套位于所述传感器罩壳和所述测力套筒之间；
主处理单元，其安装在所述传感器罩壳上，所述主处理单元和所述中轴信号处理单元之间通过一对感应线圈电磁连接，且所述中轴信号处理单元可相对于所述主处理单元旋转。
优选地，在所述测力套筒远离所述中轴的一侧的端面上开设有第一安装槽，所述应力应变感应元件置于所述第一安装槽内；
所述中空轴套朝向所述传感器罩壳的一侧的端面开设有第二安装槽，所述中轴信号处理单元和一对感应线圈中的第二感应线圈置于所述第二安装槽内，且所述中轴信号处理单元和所述第二感应线圈通过导线连接；
所述传感器罩壳朝向所述中空轴套的一侧的端面开设有第三安装槽，所述主处理单元和一对感应线圈中的第一感应线圈置于所述第三安装槽内，且所述主处理单元和所述第一感应线圈通过导线连接；
所述第二感应线圈可相对于所述第一感应线圈旋转，在所述第二感应线圈旋转至于所述第一感应线圈相对的位置处时，所述第一感应线圈和所述第二感应线圈之间具有预定距离。
优选地，所述测力套筒与所述中轴之间间隙配合，且所述测力套筒和所述中轴通过键连接。
优选地，所述中空轴套与所述中轴通过第一螺钉进行螺接，所述第一螺钉穿过所述中空轴套并螺接于所述中轴中。
优选地，所述中轴导线贴设于所述中轴的外表面上；或，
所述中轴导线卡设于所述中轴的外表面上开设的第四安装槽中；或，
所述中轴导线穿设于所述中轴沿轴线方向设置的安装孔中，所述安装孔的两端分别连通至所述中轴的外表面。
优选地，还包括：电机输入轴和电机输出轴，所述电机输入轴通过齿轮传动装置带动所述电机输出轴转动；
所述电机输入轴套设在所述中轴上，所述电机输入轴与所述中轴间隙配合，所述电机输入轴位于所述中空轴套和所述测力套筒之间；
所述电机输出轴通过第二轴承支撑在所述电机输入轴上，所述电机输出轴套设于所述测力套筒上，并与所述测力套筒间隙配合；所述电机输出轴通过第二离合器与所述链轮盘连接。
优选地，还包括：传感器盖、电机端盖、壳体和轴承盖，
所述传感器盖的一端与所述传感器罩壳通过第二螺钉连接，所述传感器盖的另一端、所述电机端盖的一端和所述壳体的一端通过第三螺钉螺接；所述电机端盖的另一端通过第三轴承套设于所述电机输入轴上，并通过第四轴承套设于所述中空轴套上；所述壳体的另一端和所述轴承盖的一端通过第四螺钉螺接，所述壳体通过第五轴承支撑在所述电机输入轴上；所述轴承盖的另一端通过第六轴承支撑在所述链轮盘上。
优选地，所述中轴上套设有与所述中轴形成过盈配合的第一弹簧挡圈和第二弹簧挡圈，所述第一弹簧挡圈贴合于所述第一轴承远离所述测力套筒的一侧，所述第二弹簧挡圈贴合于所述中空轴套远离所述测力套筒的一侧；
所述链轮盘上套设有与所述链轮盘形成过盈配合的轴承卡簧，所述轴承卡簧与所述第六轴承贴合设置。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明提供的电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器利用安装在中轴上的测力套筒测量力矩信号，使得力矩测力系统的结构紧凑，可以精确测定电动助力自行车骑行过程中的双边蹬踏踏力矩。整个力矩测力系统采用分体式结构，使得力矩测力系统内的中间部分的径向尺寸小，满足齿轮传动装置的结构要求。同时，力矩测力系统内的电气元件之间通过有线及无线传感方式连接，布局灵活，安装维修方便。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构图；
图2为中轴的三维结构图；
图3为测力套筒的三维结构图；1—传感器盖；2—第三螺钉；3—电机端盖；4—第三轴承；5—中轴导线；6—壳体；7—电机输出轴；8—第五轴承；9—轴承卡簧；10—第六轴承；11—应力应变感应元件；12—测力套筒；121—第一安装槽；13—第一轴承；14—第一弹簧挡圈；15—中轴；151—第四安装槽；16—链轮盘；17—轴承盖；181—第一离合器；182—第二离合器；19—第四螺钉；20—键；21—第二轴承；22—电机输入轴；23—第四左轴承；24—中空轴套；25—中轴信号处理单元；26—传感器线缆；27—传感器罩壳；28—主处理单元；29—第二弹簧挡圈；30—第一螺钉；31—第一感应线圈；32—第二感应线圈；33—第二螺钉。
具体实施方式
参照图1至图3，本发明提供了一种电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，包括：中轴15；链轮盘16，其通过第一轴承13安装于中轴15的一端；测力套筒12，其套设于中轴15上，测力套筒12与中轴15一体转动，且测力套筒12与链轮盘16通过第一离合器181连接；应力应变感应元件11，其安装于测力套筒12上；中空轴套24，其套设于中轴15的另一端，中空轴套24与中轴15一体转动，测力套筒12位于中空轴套24和链轮盘16之间；中轴信号处理单元25，其安装在中空轴套24上，应力应变感应元件11与中轴信号处理单元25之间通过中轴导线5连通，且中轴导线5沿中轴15的轴线方向贴设于中轴15上；传感器罩壳27，其套设于中轴15的另一端，中空轴套24位于传感器罩壳27和测力套筒12之间；主处理单元28，其安装在传感器罩壳27上，主处理单元28和中轴信号处理单元25之间通过一对感应线圈电磁连接，且中轴信号处理单元25可相对于主处理单元28旋转。
由于将对中轴15转动产生的力矩进行采集的应力应变感应元件11和对其采集到的力矩信号进行处理的中轴信号处理单元25和主处理单元28分开设置，三者之间不再集成在同一部件上，这样，可以减少中轴力矩测力系统内进行力矩采集和处理的部件所占用的径向空间，进而可以缩小该测力系统在径向方向上的尺寸，同时，由于测力系统内被占用的径向空间减小，便于在测力系统内部的其它部件的布局设置。
在中轴15的两端带有固定脚踏板用的斜面及螺纹孔，脚踏板通过螺接的方式和中轴15进行固定。在用户踩踏脚踏板时，中轴15随着脚踏板的转动而转动，与中轴15一体转动的测力套筒12通过第一离合器181带动链轮盘16转动，链轮盘16的转动带动链条和后轮转动，进而实现自行车的移动。为了实现中轴15和测力套筒12之间的一体转动，本申请中，中轴15和测力套筒12 间隙配合，且二者通过键20连接实现传动。
安装在测力套筒12上的应力应变感应元件11具体为一应力应变传感器，在中轴15在脚踏板的带动下发生旋转时，中轴15上产生力矩，安装在测力套筒12上的应力应变感应元件11通过材料的变形产生力矩信号，通过中轴导线5将所产生的力矩信号传输至中轴信号处理单元25，中轴信号处理单元25对接收到的力矩信号进行处理获得力矩值，通过一对感应线圈之间的电磁感应，将经过处理后的力矩值传递至主处理单元28，主处理单元28通过穿过传感器罩壳27的传感器线缆26将其传输至电动助力自行车的控制系统，控制系统根据测得的力矩值和预先存储的力矩值进行比较，判断是否需要电机进行驱动，若需要电机驱动，向电机输入对应的目标输出力矩值，使得电机以目标输出力矩值进行输出。
为了实现中空轴套24在中轴15上的固定，中空轴套24与中轴15通过第一螺钉30进行螺接，第一螺钉30穿过中空轴套24并螺接于中轴15中。
为了实现应力应变感应元件11的固定，本申请中，参照图3，在测力套筒12远离中轴15的一侧的端面上开设有第一安装槽121，应力应变感应元件11置于第一安装槽121内，应力应变感应元件11卡设在该第一安装槽121内，中轴导线5的一端连接在应力应变感应元件11上，并通过贴合于该测力套筒12和中轴15设置的方式走线至安装在中空轴套24上的中轴信号处理单元25。为了实现中轴信号处理单元25和主处理单元28的固定，参照图1，在中空轴套24朝向传感器罩壳27的一侧的端面开设有第二安装槽，中轴信号处理单元25和一对感应线圈中的第二感应线圈32置于第二安装槽内，且中轴信号处理单元25和第二感应线圈32通过导线连接；传感器罩壳27朝向中空轴套24的一侧的端面开设有第三安装槽，主处理单元28和一对感应线圈中的第一感应线圈31置于第三安装槽内，且主处理单元28和第一感应线圈32通过导线连接；第二感应线圈32可相对于第一感应线圈31旋转，在第二感应线圈32旋转至于第一感应线圈31相对的位置处时，第一感应线圈31和第二感应线圈32之间具有预定距离。中轴信号处理单元25和主处理单元28之间的信号通信，采用在一对感应线圈之间电磁感应的方式进行无线信号传输，减少了在测力系统内的线束设置。
对于中轴导线5来说，由于其需要从中轴15的一端走线至中轴15的另一端，其在中轴15上的布线方式有多种，例如，将中轴导线5贴设于中轴15的外表面上，在测力套筒12的外表面上开设对中轴导线5进行限位的限位槽，这样，可以防止中轴导线5在中轴15上发生窜动；或，将中轴导线5卡设于中轴15的外表面上开设的第四安装槽151中，对中轴导线5在中轴15上的位置进行限位，同时，不会对套设在中轴15上的其它部件的布置位置造成干涉；或，将中轴导线5 穿设于中轴15沿轴线方向设置的安装孔中，安装孔的两端分别连通至中轴15的外表面，同样也可以实现对中轴导线15进行限位，以及避免对安装在中轴15上的其它部件造成干涉。
优选地，参照图1，对于本申请中的电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器来说，其还包括：电机输入轴22和电机输出轴7，电机输入轴22通过齿轮传动装置带动电机输出轴7转动；电机输入轴22套设在中轴15上，电机输入轴22与中轴15间隙配合，电机输入轴22位于中空轴套24和测力套筒12之间；电机输出轴7通过第二轴承21支撑在电机输入轴22上，电机输出轴7套设于测力套筒12上，并与测力套筒12间隙配合；电机输出轴7通过第二离合器182与链轮盘16连接。
其中，在电动助力自行车的控制系统确定出需要电机驱动，其向电机发出信号，使得电机进行驱动力矩输出，这样，电机输入轴22转动，通过齿轮传动装置进行转速转换，使得电机输出轴7进行转动，电机输出轴7通过第二离合器182带动链轮盘16转动，进而带动链条和车轮转动，实现自行车的移动。
优选地，参照图1，该电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器还包括：传感器盖1、电机端盖3、壳体6和轴承盖17，传感器盖1的一端与传感器罩壳27通过第二螺钉33连接，传感器盖2的另一端、电机端盖3的一端和壳体6的一端通过第三螺钉2螺接；电机端盖3的另一端通过第三轴承4套设于电机输入轴22上，并通过第四轴承23套设于中空轴套24上；壳体6的另一端和轴承盖17的一端通过第四螺钉19螺接，壳体6通过第五轴承8支撑在电机输入轴22上；轴承盖17的另一端通过第六轴承10支撑在链轮盘16上。
参照图1，中轴15上套设有与中轴15形成过盈配合的第一弹簧挡圈14和第二弹簧挡圈29，第一弹簧挡圈14贴合于第一轴承13远离测力套筒12的一侧，第二弹簧挡圈29贴合于中空轴套24远离测力套筒12的一侧；链轮盘16上套设有与链轮盘16形成过盈配合的轴承卡簧9，轴承卡簧9与第六轴承10贴合设置。
上述的第一弹簧挡圈14、第二弹簧挡圈29和轴承卡簧9的设置目的在于，对与各自贴合的轴承的位置进行限位，防止轴承发生移动。
另外，本发明中，对于电机输入轴22和电机输出轴7之间的齿轮传动装置，可以采用行星齿轮传动方式来实现电机输入轴22和电机输出轴7之间的传动。
本发明提供的电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器利用安装在中轴15上的测力套筒12测量力矩信号，使得力矩测力系统的结构紧凑，可以精确测定电动助力自行车骑行过程中的双边蹬踏踏力矩。整个力矩测力系统采用分体式结构，使得力矩测力系统内的中间部分的径向尺寸小，满足齿 轮传动装置的结构要求。同时，力矩测力系统内的电气元件之间通过有线及无线传感方式连接，布局灵活，安装维修方便。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，其特征在于，包括：中轴(15)；
    链轮盘(16)，其通过第一轴承(13)安装于所述中轴(15)的一端；
    测力套筒(12)，其套设于所述中轴(15)上，所述测力套筒(12)与所述中轴(15)一体转动，且所述测力套筒(12)与所述链轮盘(16)通过第一离合器(181)连接；
    应力应变感应元件(11)，其安装于所述测力套筒(12)上；
    中空轴套(24)，其套设于所述中轴(15)的另一端，所述中空轴套(24)与所述中轴(15)一体转动，所述测力套筒(12)位于所述中空轴套(24)和所述链轮盘(16)之间；中轴信号处理单元(25)，其安装在所述中空轴套(24)上，所述应力应变感应元件(11)与所述中轴信号处理单元(25)之间通过中轴导线(5)连通，且所述中轴导线(5)沿所述中轴(15)的轴线方向贴设于所述中轴(15)上；
    传感器罩壳(27)，其套设于所述中轴(15)的另一端，所述中空轴套(24)位于所述传感器罩壳(27)和所述测力套筒(12)之间；
    主处理单元(28)，其安装在所述传感器罩壳(27)上，所述主处理单元(28)和所述中轴信号处理单元(25)之间通过一对感应线圈电磁连接，且所述中轴信号处理单元(25)可相对于所述主处理单元(28)旋转。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，其特征在于，在所述测力套筒(12)远离所述中轴(15)的一侧的端面上开设有第一安装槽(121)，所述应力应变感应元件(11)置于所述第一安装槽(121)内；
    所述中空轴套(24)朝向所述传感器罩壳(27)的一侧的端面开设有第二安装槽，所述中轴信号处理单元(25)和一对感应线圈中的第二感应线圈(32)置于所述第二安装槽内，且所述中轴信号处理单元(25)和所述第二感应线圈(32)通过导线连接；
    所述传感器罩壳(27)朝向所述中空轴套(24)的一侧的端面开设有第三安装槽，所述主处理单元(28)和一对感应线圈中的第一感应线圈(31)置于所述第三安装槽内，且所述主处理单元(28)和所述第一感应线圈(32)通过导线连接；
    所述第二感应线圈(32)可相对于所述第一感应线圈(31)旋转，在所述第二感应线圈(32)旋转至于所述第一感应线圈(31)相对的位置处时，所述第一感应线圈(31)和所述第二感应线圈(32)之间具有预定距离。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，其特征在于，所述测力套筒(12)与所述中轴(15)之间间隙配合，且所述测力套筒(12)和所述中轴(15)通过键(20)连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，其特征在于，所述中空轴套(24)与所述中轴(15)通过第一螺钉(30)进行螺接，所述第一螺钉(30)穿过所述中空轴套(24)并螺接于所述中轴(15)中。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，其特征在于，所述中轴导线(5)贴设于所述中轴(15)的外表面上；或，
    所述中轴导线(5)卡设于所述中轴(15)的外表面上开设的第四安装槽(151)中；或，
    所述中轴导线(5)穿设于所述中轴(15)沿轴线方向设置的安装孔中，所述安装孔的两端分别连通至所述中轴(15)的外表面。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，其特征在于，还包括：电机输入轴(22)和电机输出轴(7)，所述电机输入轴(22)通过齿轮传动装置带动所述电机输出轴(7)转动；
    所述电机输入轴(22)套设在所述中轴(15)上，所述电机输入轴(22)与所述中轴(15)间隙配合，所述电机输入轴(22)位于所述中空轴套(24)和所述测力套筒(12)之间；
    所述电机输出轴(7)通过第二轴承(21)支撑在所述电机输入轴(22)上，所述电机输出轴(7)套设于所述测力套筒(12)上，并与所述测力套筒(12)间隙配合；所述电机输出轴(7)通过第二离合器(182)与所述链轮盘(16)连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，其特征在于，还包括：传感器盖(1)、电机端盖(3)、壳体(6)和轴承盖(17)，
    所述传感器盖(1)的一端与所述传感器罩壳(27)通过第二螺钉(33)连接，所述传感器盖(2)的另一端、所述电机端盖(3)的一端和所述壳体(6)的一端通过第三螺钉(2)螺接；所述电机端盖(3)的另一端通过第三轴承(4)套设于所述电机输入轴(22)上，并通过第四轴承(23)套设于所述中空轴套(24)上；所述壳体(6)的另一端和所述轴承盖(17)的一端通过第四螺钉(19)螺接，所述壳体(6)通过第五轴承(8)支撑在所述电机输入轴(22)上；所述轴承盖(17)的另一端通过第六轴承(10)支撑在所述链轮盘(16)上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电动助力自行车中轴力矩传感器，其特征在于，所述中轴(15)上套设有与所述中轴(15)形成过盈配合的第一弹簧挡圈(14)和第二弹簧挡圈(29)，所述第一弹簧挡圈(14)贴合于所述第一轴承(13)远离所述测力套筒(12)的一侧，所述第二弹簧挡圈(29)贴合于所述中空轴套(24)远离所述测力套筒(12)的一侧；
    所述链轮盘(16)上套设有与所述链轮盘(16)形成过盈配合的轴承卡簧(9)，所述轴承卡 簧(9)与所述第六轴承(10)贴合设置。
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CN116101418B (zh) * 2022-12-30 2025-05-30 苏州万佳电器有限公司 一种用于助力自行车的力矩传感器以及安装结构

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