WO2020044585A1 - 金属製品表面部材及びそのバニシング加工方法 - Google Patents
金属製品表面部材及びそのバニシング加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020044585A1 WO2020044585A1 PCT/JP2018/045956 JP2018045956W WO2020044585A1 WO 2020044585 A1 WO2020044585 A1 WO 2020044585A1 JP 2018045956 W JP2018045956 W JP 2018045956W WO 2020044585 A1 WO2020044585 A1 WO 2020044585A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal product
- shot
- crushing
- burnishing
- hardness
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B39/00—Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/08—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by burnishing or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/06—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for producing matt surfaces, e.g. on plastic materials, on glass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metal product surface member and a burnishing method for the metal product surface member. More specifically, the present invention is directed to a metal product having an uneven surface formed by blasting (including shot peening). The present invention relates to a metal product surface member having improved surface roughness by crushing a convex portion while leaving a concave portion of a concave and convex formed on the surface of a product, and a burnishing method for obtaining the surface member.
- a mold release agent or air is accumulated in the concave portions to improve the mold releasability.
- the object to be formed is not limited to the above-mentioned sliding parts, and is used in various fields, for example, the effect of improvement is obtained.
- blasting is performed in which the granules are put on a jet of compressed air or injected by centrifugal force or impact to strike the surface of the workpiece. Is used.
- shot peening is performed using substantially spherical granules called “shots” having a hardness higher than the base metal hardness of the metal product to be treated.
- shots substantially spherical granules
- FIG. 1 a substantially semicircular concave portion (a dimple) that functions as an oil sump described above by causing plastic deformation on the surface of the metal product at the portion that collides with the shot and causing it to collapse. ) Can be formed.
- the formation of the concave portion by the shot peening described above is obtained by plastic deformation of the base material of the metal product accompanying the collision with the spherical shot as shown in FIG.
- a concave portion is formed at the portion where the shot collides, but also a convex portion formed by extruding the base material existing at the portion where the concave portion is formed to the periphery is formed at the same time.
- the protrusions formed on the surface of the metal product in this way are formed on the surface of the sliding part, they contact the surface of the mating member to increase the contact resistance. If it occurs in the molding material, it will penetrate the inside of the molding material and deteriorate the releasability.
- the tip of the protrusion is removed so that a recess such as an oil pool remains. It is desirable to improve the surface roughness of the metal product by reducing its height by pressing or crushing.
- the convex portion is polished to a predetermined height by polishing using abrasive grains such as lapping or buffing.
- abrasive grains such as lapping or buffing.
- a tool having a smooth surface such as a roller is moved while being pressed against the surface of the metal product. It is also conceivable to apply burnishing to crush to a predetermined height.
- the method of shaving off the convex portion formed on the surface of the metal product after forming the unevenness by lapping or buffing causes a difference in the surface state after processing depending on the skill of the operator, and also requires the skilled worker. Even with this method, uniform processing of the entire surface is difficult, especially on surfaces with complicated shapes, corners formed by intersecting surfaces, or surfaces with grooves or holes, etc., making the processing itself difficult. is there.
- this method improves the surface roughness by shaving off a part of the surface of the metal product with abrasive grains. Therefore, the compression residual stress and the instantaneous heat treatment applied when forming irregularities on the surface of the metal product. A part of the surface layer of the metal product strengthened by the polishing is removed by this polishing.
- known burnishing methods such as roller burnishing also have difficulty in processing a surface having a complicated shape, corners, grooves, holes, and the like.
- the abrasive in order to slide the abrasive on the surface of the metal product, the abrasive (abrasive) is supported on the surface of an elastic material such as rubber, or the abrasive (abrasive) is contained in the elastic material. It is necessary to use a special abrasive such as an “elastic abrasive” into which particles are kneaded, or a “plate-like abrasive” having a flat shape (Patent Document 1 [0057] columns, [0044], [0044] [0045] column), the cost is higher than when processing is performed using known general shots or abrasive grains.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks in the prior art, and as described above, the projections are formed while leaving the concaves and convexes formed when the surface of the metal product is formed by blasting.
- the process of crushing the tip of the part to improve the surface roughness of the metal product can be performed uniformly at a low cost by a relatively simple operation without skill, and with the improvement of the surface roughness
- An object of the present invention is to provide a metal product surface member capable of simultaneously improving the surface hardness and compressive residual stress of a product, and a burnishing method as a processing means therefor.
- a metal product surface member of the present invention A metal product having an infinite number of fine recesses formed on the surface, and the width of a substantially semicircular recess formed by burnishing (diameter of a peripheral edge defining a contour of the recess) is 0.1 to 0.1 mm. In the range of 12 ⁇ m, the average is about 5 to 6 ⁇ m, and the projections among the irregularities formed on the surface of the metal product are selectively crushed, and the surface roughness (Ra) is 0.196 to 0.060 ⁇ m. (Claim 1).
- the surface member may be a sliding surface.
- the surface member may be a molding surface of a resin molding die.
- the burnishing method of the present invention comprises: Metal products with irregularities formed on the surface by blasting A spherical shot having a hardness lower than the surface hardness of the metal product and having a particle size larger than the width of the substantially semicircular concave portion of the irregularities (diameter of a peripheral edge defining the contour of the concave portion) is used as a crushing shot. Improving the surface roughness of the metal product by spraying and colliding against the surface of the metal product to selectively crush the projections of the irregularities formed on the surface of the metal product. It is a feature (claim 4).
- the injection of the crushing shot can be performed at an injection pressure of 0.1 to 0.7 MPa or at an injection speed of 30 to 300 m / sec.
- the unevenness forming shot which is a spherical shot selected from the range of # 100 to # 800 (average particle size of 149 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m), has a hardness equal to or higher than that of the base material of the metal product to be processed, and The metal product having the irregularities formed on the surface by spraying on the surface of the metal is treated,
- a shot selected from the range of # 24 to # 700 (average particle size of 840 ⁇ m to 24 ⁇ m) having a larger particle diameter than the irregularity forming shot is used. 6).
- the particle size of the crushing shot is in a range of 1.2 times to 8.3 times the particle size of the unevenness forming shot (claim 7).
- the depressions functioning as oil pools and the like are formed.
- the surface roughness of the metal product was able to be improved by crushing the tip of the projection while reducing the height of the projection while leaving it.
- the metal product surface member of the present invention not only has improved lubricity and mold releasability due to the formation of the concave portion, but also has a sliding surface formed by flattening the tip portion of the convex portion by crushing. The effect of reducing the dynamic resistance and improving the releasability is simultaneously obtained.
- the surface hardness and the compressive residual stress increase before and after the burnishing treatment, thereby improving the fatigue strength, durability and wear resistance of the metal product.
- effects such as improvement in properties can be obtained.
- the crushing shot used in the method of the present invention may be a known shot blast if it satisfies the above-described conditions such as hardness and particle size in relation to the metal product to be processed and the unevenness forming shot.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state of formation of projections and depressions due to collision of projections for projections and depressions.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state of crushing a convex portion by a crushing shot.
- 3 is a roughness curve of a test piece (untreated) surface of Test Example 1.
- 9 is a surface roughness curve of the test piece (after the unevenness forming process) of Test Example 1.
- 9 is a roughness curve of the surface of the test piece (after the subsequent treatment) of Test Example 1.
- 9 is a roughness curve of a test piece (untreated) surface of Test Example 2.
- 9 is a surface roughness curve of the test piece of Test Example 2 (after burnishing under Condition 1).
- 9 is a surface roughness curve of the test piece of Test Example 2 (after burnishing under Condition 2).
- 9 is a surface roughness curve of the test piece of Test Example 2 (after burnishing under Condition 3).
- 9 is a roughness curve of a test piece (untreated) surface of Test Example 3.
- 9 is a roughness curve of the surface of the test piece (after the unevenness forming process) of Test Example 3.
- 8 is a surface roughness curve of the test piece (after burnishing) of Test Example 3.
- the burnishing method of the present invention can be applied to all metal products having irregularities formed on the surface by blasting, and has a higher hardness than the base metal hardness of the metal product as described with reference to FIG.
- metal products with numerous semicircular arc-shaped depressions (dimples) formed by so-called "fine particle peening" which is performed by injecting spherical shots with fine hardness, abrasives, grids, and other particles with machinability
- any metal product formed by cutting the surface by blasting using, for example, sawtooth-shaped irregularities formed on the surface can be used.
- the use of the metal product to be treated is not particularly limited, and it can be used in all applications where a myriad of fine recesses are formed on the surface and used, for example, a recess is formed on the surface to serve as an oil reservoir for lubricating oil.
- Parts such as camshafts, followers, piston skirts, piston rings, cylinder bores, crankshafts, bearing surfaces, etc. of molded engines, molds for resin molding with recesses on the molding surface that serve as release agent reservoirs and air reservoirs Any mold or the like can be a metal product to be treated by the method of the present invention.
- the material of the metal product to be treated in the present invention is not particularly limited, and any metal material having plastic deformability capable of crushing the convex portion of the unevenness due to collision with the crushing shot may be used. Irrespective of the material, the material may be of various materials. In addition to iron-based metals such as steel, non-ferrous metals and alloys thereof may also be used.
- the formation of the unevenness on the surface of such a metal product is preferably performed by injecting and colliding a spherical shot having a hardness higher than that of the base material of the metal product to be processed as a shot for forming the unevenness.
- This irregularity forming shot can be selected from the range of $ 100 to $ 800 (average particle size of 149 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m), and if the hardness is higher than the base material of the metal product to be processed, the material may be selected.
- shots of various known materials such as steel, other metals, ceramics, and glass can be used.
- Injection of the particles for forming the irregularities can be performed, for example, at an injection pressure of 0.3 to 0.6 MPa or an injection speed of 100 to 200 m / sec. Innumerable concave portions having a diameter smaller than the particle diameter of the unevenness forming shot and having a diameter of 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m are formed.
- the method of spraying the granules for forming the irregularities on the surface of the metal product is not particularly limited, and various known blasting devices can be used as long as the granules can be sprayed at the above-described spray pressure or spray speed. can do.
- Such blasting devices include pneumatic blasting devices that blast shots on jets of compressed air, centrifugal blasting devices that accelerate and blast shots by centrifugal force, and high-speed rotating impellers. Any of the blow-type blasting machines that accelerate and shoot the shot by hitting the shot when hitting the blasting machine can be used. , A burnishing method of the present invention.
- a metal product having irregularities formed by blast processing as described above is to be processed, and a spherical crushing shot is sprayed and collides against the surface of the metal product, thereby crushing the metal product.
- a spherical crushing shot is sprayed and collides against the surface of the metal product, thereby crushing the metal product.
- the metal product to be treated has been formed by blasting using abrasives or blastable particles such as grids, which are blasting materials with corners, formed on the surface of the metal product Since the width of the concave portion formed can be larger than the particle size of the above-mentioned granular material used for forming the concave and convex portion, the above-mentioned crushing shot used for the burnishing process is formed on the surface of the metal product.
- a crushing shot having a particle size greater than the width of the semicircular recess (the diameter of the periphery defining the contour of the recess) is used.
- the metal product to be treated has irregularities formed by blasting (fine particle peening) using a shot for forming irregularities, which is a fine spherical shot that is harder than the base material of the metal product, Since the width of the concave portion formed on the surface of the surface is usually equal to or less than the diameter of the unevenness forming shot, a shot having a larger particle size than the unevenness forming shot is used as the crushing shot used in the burnishing process. .
- a shot selected from the range of $ 100 to $ 800 (average particle size of 149 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m) is used as the above-mentioned irregularity forming shot
- a shot of $ 24 to $ 700 (average particle size of 840 ⁇ m
- a shot having a larger particle size than the above-described irregularity forming shot can be selected and used from the range of 24 ⁇ m).
- the particle size of the crushing shot is 1.2 times the particle size of the irregularity forming shot. Use up to 8.3 times.
- the crushing shot should have a hardness lower than the surface hardness of the metal product on which the irregularities are formed.
- the material for the crushing shot is not particularly limited as long as it corresponds to the hardness and particle size described above, and shots of various known materials such as metal, ceramic, and glass can be used.
- the crushing shot should have a spraying pressure of 0.1 to 0.7 MPa or a spraying speed of 30 to 300 m / sec depending on the surface hardness of the metal product, the particle size and material of the crushing shot used.
- the spray is performed on the surface of the metal product at the selected spray pressure or spray speed.
- any blast processing apparatus of a centrifugal type, a hit type, or an air type can be used.
- a direct pressure blasting device that injects, a gravity type blasting device in which shots dropped from a tank are put on compressed air and injected, and a suction type blasting device that sucks shots by the negative pressure generated by the compressed air injection and jets them together with compressed air
- blasting equipment such as blasting equipment, and any of these may be used. If the crushing shot can be injected at the injection pressure or injection speed described above, the above-mentioned type of blasting equipment can be used.
- the type of blasting device is not limited to a blasting device, and various types of blasting devices can be used.
- the width of the substantially arc-shaped recess formed on the surface of the metal product (the diameter of the periphery defining the contour of the recess) with respect to the surface of the metal product having the unevenness formed by the blasting process.
- the crushing shot collides first with the convex part of the unevenness formed on the surface of the metal product.
- the crushing shot is made of a material having a lower hardness than the surface hardness of the metal product
- the convex portion formed on the surface of the metal product has a sharp shape as schematically shown in FIG. Therefore, the vicinity of the tip is easily deformed, and is easily deformed and crushed by collision with the crushing shot to flatten the tip, thereby reducing the height.
- a crushing shot that is configured to have a lower hardness than the surface hardness of a metal product causes greater deformation on the crushing shot side than the metal product when it collides with the surface of the metal product. The surface is hardly deformed.
- the height of the projections is reduced by selectively crushing only the tips of the projections while leaving the recesses in the irregularities formed on the surface of the metal product by blasting, thereby reducing the height of the surface of the metal product. Roughness is improved.
- the surface of the metal product is given a compressive residual stress and the surface hardness is increased by the collision with the crushing shot.
- the compressive residual stress and the surface hardness can be increased.
- the burnishing treatment method of the present invention by improving the surface roughness of the metal product by the burnishing treatment method of the present invention, when the metal product is a sliding part, it is possible to prevent the oil film from being broken due to the formation of a concave portion serving as an oil reservoir, and to prevent the compression residue.
- the effect of improving the fatigue strength, durability, and abrasion resistance due to the increase in stress and surface hardness, and the reduction in sliding resistance due to the improvement in surface roughness due to the crushing of the projections were able to be obtained at the same time.
- the burnishing method of the present invention when applied to a molding surface of a mold or the like, the release property is improved due to the formation of a release agent pool or an air pool due to the formation of a concave portion, the application of compressive residual stress, and the like.
- the effects of improving fatigue strength, durability and abrasion resistance due to the increase in surface hardness and at the same time, the effect of improving releasability due to the crushing of convex parts and the improvement of surface roughness. It can be obtained.
- Test Example 1 (1) Purpose of the test On the surface of a metal product having irregularities formed by blasting using a spherical shot, a shot having a particle size similar to the shot used for forming the irregularities (unevenness forming shot) was used. When blast processing (subsequent processing: processing not applicable to the burnishing processing method of the present invention) is performed, it is confirmed whether or not improvement in surface roughness (effect of burnishing) can be obtained.
- the surface condition of the untreated test piece is as shown in Table 1 below.
- Test Results Table 4 shows changes in the surface state of each test piece in the untreated state, after the unevenness forming treatment, and after the subsequent treatment, and the roughness curve of the test piece surface in each step is shown in FIG. (Unprocessed), FIG. 4 (after the unevenness forming process), and FIG. 5 (after the subsequent process).
- Test method (2-1) Test piece Carbon tool steel strip (SK material: JIS G 3311 2016) as Almen strip A piece (19 mm ⁇ 76 mm ⁇ 1.295 ⁇ 0.025 mm: JIS B 2711 2013) Air (gravity) blasting machine using a test piece of quenched and tempered special steel strip) and using shots of different particle sizes on the surface of the test piece with unevenness formed by the unevenness forming process described below. The burnishing process according to the method of the present invention. Table 5 shows the surface condition of the test piece (untreated) before the unevenness forming treatment.
- Test Results Table 8 below shows changes in the surface condition of the test piece after the unevenness forming treatment and the change in the surface condition of the test piece after the burnishing treatment.
- 6 to 10 show the roughness curves of the surface of each test piece before treatment (FIG. 6), after the unevenness forming treatment (FIG. 7), and after the burnishing treatment under the conditions 1 to 3 (FIGS. 8 to 10). Show.
- the improvement of the surface hardness and the compressive residual stress and the improvement of the surface roughness at the same time were achieved by using the crushing method used in the burnishing process for the diameter of 53 to 30 ⁇ m of the unevenness forming shot. Since the particle size of the shot was obtained in the range of 250 ⁇ m (upper limit of condition 3) to 37 ⁇ m (lower limit of condition 1), the shot for crushing used for burnishing was 1. Improvements in surface roughness have been confirmed in the range of shots having a diameter of 2 (37/30) times to 8.3 (250/30) times.
- Test Example 3 (1) Purpose of the test The surface of a metal product having irregularities formed by blasting using a spherical shot has a larger particle size than the shot for forming irregularities and has a lower hardness than the surface hardness of the metal product having irregularities.
- the surface roughness can be improved by performing blasting using the shots of the present invention (the burnishing method of the present invention), and the slidability, abrasion resistance, and the life can be improved. Confirm.
- Test Results The changes in the surface state of each test piece in the untreated state, after the unevenness forming treatment, and after the burnishing treatment are shown in Table 12 below, and the roughness curve of the test piece surface in each step is shown in FIG. (Unprocessed), FIG. 12 (after the unevenness forming process), and FIG. 13 (after the burnishing process).
- the roughness was measured using a surf coder SEF-3400 manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Co., Ltd. (speed: 0.05 mm / s, cut-off ⁇ c value: 0.8 mm, (Filter: 2CR, length: 0.80 mm, polarity: normal).
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Abstract
Description
表面に無数の微細な凹部を形成した金属製品であって,バニシング加工により,形成された凹凸の略半円弧状の凹部の幅(凹部の輪郭を画定する周縁の直径)が,0.1~12μmの範囲で,平均約5~6μmであり,前記金属製品の表面に形成された凹凸のうちの凸部が選択的に押し潰され,表面粗さ(Ra)が0.196~0.060μmであることを特徴とする(請求項1)。
ブラスト加工によって表面に凹凸が形成された金属製品を処理対象とし,
前記金属製品の表面硬度よりも低硬度で,かつ,前記凹凸の略半円弧状の凹部の幅(凹部の輪郭を画定する周縁の直径)よりも粒径が大きい球状のショットを圧潰用ショットとして前記金属製品の表面に対し噴射すると共に衝突させて,前記金属製品の表面に形成された凹凸のうちの凸部を選択的に押し潰すことで,前記金属製品の表面粗さを改善することを特徴とする(請求項4)。
処理対象とする前記金属製品の母材と同等以上の硬度を有し,♯100~♯800(平均粒径149μm~20μm)の範囲から選択された球状ショットである凹凸形成用ショットを前記金属製品の表面に噴射することにより表面に凹凸が形成された前記金属製品を処理対象とし,
前記圧潰用ショットとして,前記凹凸形成用ショットよりも大きな粒径を有する,♯24~♯700(平均粒径840μm~24μm)の範囲から選択されたショットを使用することを特徴とする(請求項6)。
本発明のバニシング加工方法は,ブラスト加工によって表面に凹凸が形成された金属製品全般を処理対象とすることができ,図1を参照して説明したように,金属製品の母材硬度よりも高硬度の微細な球状のショットを噴射して行う,所謂「微粒子ピーニング」によって半円弧状の無数の凹部(ディンプル)が形成された金属製品の他,砥粒やグリッド等の切削性を有する粒体を使用したブラスト加工によって表面を切削して形成した例えば鋸歯状の凹凸が表面に形成された金属製品のいずれも対象とすることができる。
本発明のバニシング処理方法では,前述したようにブラスト加工によって凹凸が形成された金属製品を処理対象とし,この金属製品の表面に対し,球状の圧潰用ショットを噴射すると共に衝突させて,圧潰用ショットによって金属製品の表面に生じた凹凸中の凸部を選択的に押し潰すことにより,凹部を残しつつ,凸部の高さを減じて表面粗さを改善する。
ブラスト加工によって表面に凹凸が形成された金属製品の表面に対し,図2に示すように,金属製品の表面に形成された略円弧状の凹部の幅(凹部の輪郭を画定する周縁の直径)よりも大きい粒径を有する圧潰用ショットを噴射すると,圧潰用ショットは,金属製品の表面に形成された凹凸のうちの凸部に対し真っ先に衝突する。
(1)試験の目的
球状ショットを使用したブラスト加工によって凹凸を形成した金属製品の表面に対し,凹凸の形成に使用したショット(凹凸形成用ショット)と同程度の粒径を有するショットを使用したブラスト加工(後続処理:本発明のバニシング加工方法に該当しない加工)を行った場合に,表面粗さの改善(バニシングの効果)が得られるか否かを確認する。
(2-1) 試験片
ガス浸炭されたクロムモリブデン鋼(SCM415)製の試験片(30mm×30mm×3mm)を,研磨紙(♯500)で研磨した後,後述の凹凸形成処理,及び後続処理をそれぞれ行った。
なお,未処理の試験片の表面状態は,下記の表1に示す通りである。
上記の試験片(未処理)に対し,下記の表2に示すブラスト加工条件でブラスト加工を行い表面に凹凸を形成した。
なお,形成された凹凸の略円弧状の凹部の幅(凹部の輪郭を画定する周縁の直径)は,0.1~12μm,平均約5~6μmであった。
上記凹凸形成処理後の試験片に対し,下記の表3に示すブラスト加工条件で後続処理を行った。
未処理の状態,凹凸形成処理後,及び後続処理後の各試験片の表面状態の変化を下記の表4に示すと共に,各工程における試験片表面の粗さ曲線を図3(未処理),図4(凹凸形成処理後),及び図5(後続処理後)にそれぞれ示す。
以上の試験結果から,凹凸形成処理で使用したショットと,その後の後続処理で使用するショットの粒径を同程度のものとした場合でも,金属製品の表面硬度や圧縮残留応力は,凹凸形成処理後に対し後続処理後において向上させることができていることが確認できた。
しかし,表面粗さについては,未処理の表面粗さに対し,凹凸形成処理後,後続処理後と,処理が進むにつれて粗さが増大した。
(1)試験の目的
球状ショットを使用したブラスト加工によって凹凸を形成した金属製品の表面に対し,凹凸形成用ショットよりも粒径が大きく,凹凸が形成された金属製品の表面硬度よりも低硬度のショットを使用したブラスト加工(本発明のバニシング加工方法)を行うことで,表面粗さの改善が得られることを確認すると共に,バニシング処理で使用するショット(圧潰用ショット)の粒径を変化させた場合に,バニシング処理後の金属製品の表面粗さがどのように変化するかを確認する。
(2-1) 試験片
アルメンストリップA片(19mm×76mm×1.295±0.025mm:JIS B 2711 2013)である炭素工具鋼製の帯板(SK材:JIS G 3311 2016のみがき特殊帯鋼の焼入・焼戻し品)を試験片とし,後述の凹凸形成処理により凹凸を形成した試験片の表面に対し,異なる粒径のショットを使用して,エア(重力)式ブラスト加工装置により本発明の方法によるバニシング処理を行った。
なお,凹凸形成処理前の試験片(未処理)の表面状態を表5に示す。
上記の試験片(未処理)に対し,下記の表6に示す凹凸形成処理条件で試験片の表面に凹凸を形成した。
なお,形成された凹凸の略円弧状の凹部の幅(凹部の輪郭を画定する周縁の直径)は,1~10μm,平均約4~5μmであった。
上記条件で凹凸形成処理を行った後の試験片に対し,下記の表7に示す条件1~3のブラスト加工条件で本発明の方法によるバニシング処理をそれぞれ行った。
凹凸形成処理後の試験片の表面状態と,バニシング処理後の試験片の表面状態の変化を下記の表8に示す。
また,未処理(図6),凹凸形成処理後(図7),条件1~3のバニシング処理後(図8~図10)の各試験片表面の粗さ曲線を図6~図10にそれぞれ示す。
以上の試験結果から,凹凸形成処理に使用したショット(凹凸形成用ショット)よりも粒径が大きく,かつ,凹凸形成後の金属製品の表面硬度よりも低硬度の圧潰用ショットを使用して行う本発明のバニシング処理では,凹凸形成処理によって上昇した試験片の表面硬度や圧縮残留応力が失われていないだけでなく,これらを更に向上させつつ,更に,試験片の表面粗さについても改善できることが確認できた。
(1)試験の目的
球状ショットを使用したブラスト加工によって凹凸を形成した金属製品の表面に対し,凹凸形成用ショットよりも粒径が大きく,凹凸が形成された金属製品の表面硬度よりも低硬度のショットを使用したブラスト加工(本発明のバニシング加工方法)を行うことで表面粗さの改善が得られ,摺動性,耐摩耗性が向上し,寿命を向上させることが出来るか否かを確認する。
(2-1) 試験片
SCM440H(調質材)製のシャフト(研磨品:φ6.6mm×123L)を試験片とし,後述の凹凸形成処理により凹凸を形成した試験片の表面に対し,凹凸形成用ショットよりも粒径が大きく,凹凸が形成された金属製品の表面硬度よりも低硬度のショット(圧潰用ショット)を使用してエア(直圧)式ブラスト加工装置により本発明の方法によるバニシング処理を行った。
なお,凹凸形成処理前の試験片(未処理)の表面状態を表9に示す。
上記の試験片に対し,下記の表10に示すブラスト加工条件でブラスト加工を行い表面に凹凸を形成した。
上記凹凸形成処理後の試験片に対し,下記の表11に示すブラスト加工条件でバニシング処理を行った。
未処理の状態,凹凸形成処理後,及びバニシング処理後の各試験片の表面状態の変化を下記の表12に示すと共に,各工程における試験片表面の粗さ曲線を図11(未処理),図12(凹凸形成処理後),及び図13(バニシング処理後)にそれぞれ示す。
以上の試験結果から凹凸形成処理に使用したショット(凹凸形成用ショット)よりも粒径が大きく,かつ,凹凸形成後の金属製品の表面硬度よりも低硬度の圧潰用ショットを使用して行う本発明のバニシング処理では,凹凸形成処理によって上昇したシャフトの表面硬度や圧縮残留応力が失われていないだけでなく,これらを更に向上させつつ,表面粗さについても改善でき,摺動性,耐摩耗性が向上し,寿命延長効果が得られることが確認できた。
Claims (7)
- 表面に無数の微細な凹部を形成した金属製品であって,バニシング加工により,形成された凹凸の凹部の幅が,0.1~12μmの範囲で,平均約5~6μmであり,前記金属製品の表面に形成された凹凸のうちの凸部が選択的に押し潰され,表面粗さ(Ra)が0.196~0.060μmであることを特徴とする金属製品表面部材。
- 前記表面部材が,摺動表面である請求項1記載の金属製品表面部材。
- 前記表面部材が,樹脂成型用金型の成型面である請求項1記載の金属製品表面部材。
- ブラスト加工によって表面に凹凸が形成された金属製品を処理対象とし,
前記金属製品の表面硬度よりも低硬度で,かつ,前記凹凸の凹部の幅より粒径が大きい球状のショットを圧潰用ショットとして前記金属製品の表面に対し噴射すると共に衝突させて,前記金属製品の表面に形成された凹凸のうちの凸部を選択的に押し潰すことで,前記金属製品の表面粗さを改善することを特徴とする金属製品表面部材のバニシング加工方法。 - 前記圧潰用ショットの噴射を0.1~0.7MPaの噴射圧力,又は,30~300m/secの噴射速度で行うことを特徴とする請求項4記載の金属製品表面部材のバニシング加工方法。
- 処理対象とする前記金属製品の母材と同等以上の硬度を有し,♯100~♯800(平均粒径149μm~20μm)の範囲から選択された球状ショットである凹凸形成用ショットを前記金属製品の表面に噴射することにより表面に凹凸が形成された前記金属製品を処理対象とし,
前記圧潰用ショットとして,前記凹凸形成用ショットよりも大きな粒径を有する,♯24~♯700(平均粒径840μm~24μm)の範囲から選択されたショットを使用することを特徴とする請求項4又は5記載の金属製品表面部材のバニシング加工方法。 - 前記圧潰用ショットの粒径を,前記凹凸形成用ショットの粒径の1.2倍~8.3倍の範囲としたことを特徴とする請求項6記載の金属製品表面部材のバニシング加工方法。
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| JP2024042978A (ja) * | 2022-09-16 | 2024-03-29 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 鋼部品及び鋼部品の製造方法 |
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| CN116336070A (zh) * | 2022-09-23 | 2023-06-27 | 广东极亚精机科技有限公司 | 曲柄轴及rv减速机 |
| US20240246197A1 (en) * | 2023-01-25 | 2024-07-25 | The Guyson Corporation Of U.S.A. | Surface roughness blast specimen for profilometer verification |
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