WO2020132721A1 - Mistura de finos, concreto fresco ou endurecido, processo de mistura e homogeneização da dita mistura de finos e processo de produção do dito concreto fresco - Google Patents
Mistura de finos, concreto fresco ou endurecido, processo de mistura e homogeneização da dita mistura de finos e processo de produção do dito concreto fresco Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020132721A1 WO2020132721A1 PCT/BR2018/050486 BR2018050486W WO2020132721A1 WO 2020132721 A1 WO2020132721 A1 WO 2020132721A1 BR 2018050486 W BR2018050486 W BR 2018050486W WO 2020132721 A1 WO2020132721 A1 WO 2020132721A1
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- fines
- concrete
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- portland cement
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/22—Glass ; Devitrified glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/36—Inorganic materials not provided for in groups C04B14/022 and C04B14/04 - C04B14/34
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/02—Portland cement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/12—Natural pozzuolanas; Natural pozzuolana cements; Artificial pozzuolanas or artificial pozzuolana cements other than those obtained from waste or combustion residues, e.g. burned clay; Treating inorganic materials to improve their pozzuolanic characteristics
- C04B7/13—Mixtures thereof with inorganic cementitious materials, e.g. Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
- C04B7/153—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
- C04B7/17—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators with calcium oxide containing activators
- C04B7/19—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/26—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from raw materials containing flue dust, i.e. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/28—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from combustion residues, e.g. ashes or slags from waste incineration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the field of the use of inorganic materials specially adapted to improve properties of cementitious materials. More specifically, the present invention deals with the more efficient use of binders in cementitious materials, such as concrete, in order to mitigate C0 2 emissions in the concrete / cement chain.
- the objectives of the present invention are achieved with the characteristics of packaging and mobility of particles that provide rheological behavior suitable for the application with reduction of C0 2 emissions and with the decrease in the water content of the mixture.
- the present invention deals with a mixture of fines composed of a Portland cement and a filler; a fresh or hardened concrete composed of said mixture; a process of mixing and homogenizing said mixture of fines and a process of producing said fresh concrete.
- the cement industry is responsible for approximately 5 to 8% of the world's anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. Thus, reducing the environmental impact while increasing cement production is a necessity for the cement industry.
- the main emission reduction strategies are: replacement of clinker by supplementary cementitious materials, increased efficiency of kilns and use of alternative fuels, these, however, have limitations to achieve the objective of the ceiling scenario of increasing the temperature of the planet at 2 ° C.
- An interesting alternative for reducing the carbon footprint of concrete is to increase efficiency in the use of binder in concrete, that is, to achieve better properties with less cement consumption.
- cement represents the most significant fraction of the cost of concrete
- increasing the efficiency of concrete also allows for cost savings.
- IL Binder intensity, in kg / m 3 / MPa
- the present invention uses the concepts of packaging and mobility.
- Eq. 2 is the proportion of solids contained in a certain total volume.
- the porosity (Eq. 4) of the packaging is its complement, that is, the amount of voids in a certain total volume.
- the apparent volume (Eq. 3) is the inverse of the packing density.
- V S oi Volume of solids
- V ap Apparent volume and 1 Pemp (Eq. 4)
- bimodal distribution there are more voids, while in the polimodal distribution, there are less voids.
- the porosity of the packaging of the system basically depends on three factors: the grain size curve, the morphology of the grains and the compaction method.
- the separation distance between particles is defined as: "average distance between any two adjacent particles in the mixture, assuming that all particles are separate entities, that is, that there are no clusters".
- IPS Interpaticle Separation Distance
- VSA volumetric surface area (m 2 / (cm 3 ));
- Vsol volumetric fraction of fine solids
- VSA SSA p_sol (Eq. 7)
- p_sol density of the solid (g / m 3 )
- the IPS affects the rheological behavior of the suspension, as water needs to cover the surface of the particles, fill in the voids and space the particles. This space between the particles is what will allow the suspension concentrated flow. Thus, it is noted that the higher the IPS, the lower the viscosity of the suspension.
- the IPS shows that the factors that affect the rheological behavior include the particle size distribution, that is, the volume fraction of solids and the fraction of pores in the system, as well as the particle morphology, reflected in the volumetric surface area and the volume of water.
- IPS is evaluated in volume, although the materials are quantified in mass. This is because the packaging study is a spatial problem and the masses alone are not relevant, because what impacts the porosity properties of the packaging are the volumes.
- the IPS is applied to the paste, in which the particles are fine and the fluid that drives them away is water.
- the predominant forces are the superficial ones.
- the suspension which is its matrix
- the most relevant forces are masses.
- the diameter of 100 pm is defined as the boundary between fine and coarse particles, since in this diameter is the transition region between the predominance of each type of force: superficial and mass.
- the surface of a real particle is not smooth, it contains pores, which influence its interaction with the medium, for example, with water in a concentrated suspension.
- the study of the surface of a particle is done through the analysis of the isothermal process of gas adsorption on the surface, analyzing the variation of the volume as a function of the partial pressure of the gas.
- the fines form factor is calculated based on the specific surface area and the granulometric curve and, considering this factor for all fractions, the specific surface area of the sand is determined.
- Helium gas pycnometry determines the specific mass of a sample by comparing the pressure exerted by Helium gas in a closed container with the sample and another reference. Thus, the actual volume of the sample is determined, considering that there are no closed pores in the particles. Weighing the sample, the specific mass is calculated.
- Laser granulometry determines the granulometric distribution of fine materials, below the order of 355 pm.
- the principle of the technique is to launch a laser beam into the sample and measure the angular variation of the light that diffracts in the particles. Based on Mie's diffusion theory, it is possible to correlate the dispersion pattern of the sample with the diameter of its particles.
- Dynamic image analysis is done by moving the sample in front of digital camera lenses that capture your images projected by a light source. The movement can be generated by gravity or flow of a carrier fluid. As digital cameras have a high frequency of image capture, it is possible to obtain several images of the same particle, in different positions. So, although each image is captured in 2D, it is possible to make a projection of the third dimension based on the various images of the particle. Image processing is carried out to discard blurred images and overlays. This analysis allows the calculation of geometric parameters and sample size distribution.
- the purpose of rheometry is to correlate the stress with the shear rate in the concrete.
- the rotational rheometry test uses a device with plate-plate geometry in the paste rheometer and in the concrete rheometer, the same being coupled to the planetary axis in the concrete rheometer.
- the packaging of fines is an important factor in this analysis.
- mobility depends, in addition to the specific surface area, on the packaging of the particles. That is, in the R&D of the present invention, the particle size distribution of the filler was chosen in order to reduce the porosity of the packaging of the fines and guarantee an increase in mobility, which is reflected in the reduction of the demand for additives or reduction of the demand for water and gain of resistance.
- US 8246739 discloses a composition of clinker, plaster and a supplementary material, this supplementary material being defined by D90 ⁇ 200pm.
- This definition of supplementary material is generic and encompasses all composite cements, that is, clinker composition, plaster and supplementary material, currently commercialized.
- the advantage of adjusting the grain size curve of the filler and not of the clinker is the control of the specific area.
- clinker is a reactive material
- its specific area significantly increases when it comes in contact with water, however, this effect is much less with the filler.
- using the thin filer it is possible to increase mobility through the planned packaging porosity and the low specific surface area, which advantageously reduces the demand for additives, water and increases the efficiency of binders.
- US patent document 2012/0012034 discloses the use of a cement with a narrower grain size curve than that of conventional Portland cement. This curve of this American document was obtained in all examples through the sieving of conventional Portland cement and comminution of the retained particles - defined by d90 ⁇ 25pm and d90 / dl0 ⁇ 17.5, with the highest d90 mentioned being less than 30 pm. That is, the main feature of this patent document, as well as the US patent 8246739, is the characteristic of clinker. Usually Portland clinker is thicker than this range with d97> 30pm. The present invention uses conventional Portland cement and the examples have cements with d90> 30pm. The advantage of adjusting the filler and not the cement is due to the fact that the clinker is a reactive material, its specific area increases significantly when it comes into contact with water, this effect is much less with the filler.
- the Brazilian patent document PI0711469 necessarily reveals the use in the composition of the mixture of a material of ultrafine granulometric class with d90 ⁇ lpm and specific surface area BET> 6m 2 / g.
- the production of this material, being ultrafine, demands a high comminution energy, as well as specific equipment, in general, with low productivity and, in many cases, a wet grinding process, which requires a drying operation of the material after grinding. Process residues with this specification can be found, but their availability is limited and their value is high. That said, it is noted that the material revealed in the Brazilian document is more complex and noble than the material of the present invention. In this way, the filler of the present invention advantageously has a coarse particle size that requires less energy to obtain it. That is, the present invention presents balanced granulometry in order to maximize the properties of the cement.
- Patent document WO 93/21122 discloses a mixture consisting of a carbonate material with particle d50 ⁇ 14pm. This specification defines only half the mass of the material, the fraction of 50% below 14 pm. It is known that, depending on the material properties, type of comminution equipment, separation technology and process adjustments, the granulometric curve of the output material can vary widely. Thus, for the present invention it is vitally important to ensure that 98% of the material is below the limit diameter, so that the packaging phenomenon presented certainly occurs. In the patent document WO 93/21122 it is shown in its example (Table 10), the use of the same amount of additive for both mixtures, not achieving the reduction in the demand for additives advantageously obtained by the present invention.
- the present invention discloses a mixture of fines, comprising a Portland cement and a first filler or a second filler or a mixture thereof.
- Portland cement comprises a fraction of 50 to 90% of the mixture.
- Said cement is any Portland cement defined according to the European standard, such as: a fraction of clinker plus calcium sulfate from 5 to 100% of the cement and, alternatively, a fraction of granulated blast furnace slag from 0 to 95% of cement, a fraction of pozzolanic material from 0 to 55% of cement, a fraction of carbonate material from 0 to 35% of cement, a fraction of cooked shale from 0 to 35% of Portland cement.
- European standard such as: a fraction of clinker plus calcium sulfate from 5 to 100% of the cement and, alternatively, a fraction of granulated blast furnace slag from 0 to 95% of cement, a fraction of pozzolanic material from 0 to 55% of cement, a fraction of carbonate material from 0 to 35% of cement, a fraction of cooked shale from 0 to 35% of Portland cement.
- One or both fillets comprise a fraction of 10 to 50% of the mixture.
- the filer of the present invention is an inorganic material from the grinding of its raw material or obtained by granulometric classification of its raw material, said raw material, including but not limited to, limestone or quartz or silica or cristobalite or nepheline or dolomite or granite or dust from the oven dust removal system or slag or fly ash or pozzolans or concrete waste or construction and demolition waste or a mixture of these.
- the first filer has a BET surface area less than or equal to 6 m 2 / g and has a granulometric distribution with an average area defined by the range of 4pm ⁇ d98 ⁇ 40pm
- a second filer has a BET surface area less than or equal to 2.3 m 2 / g and a granulometric distribution of an average area of 6pm ⁇ d85 ⁇ 40pm.
- the porosity of the packaging of the mixture must be at least 0.5 percentage point less than the porosity of the packaging of Portland cement used in this mixture.
- the present invention also has as its object a fresh or hardened concrete composed of said mixture, in which:
- the amount of the mixture is 200 to 500 kg / m 3 ;
- the amount of water is less than 180 l / m 3 ;
- - incorporated air content is 0.5 to 5%; - the small aggregates have a particle size distribution with an average area of dlO> 90pm and d90 ⁇ 5mm: from 500 to 1200 kg / m 3 ;
- - coarse aggregates have a granulometric distribution with an average area characterized by dlO> 5mm: from 600 to 1400 kg / m 3 ;
- - chemical additives for concrete including, but not limited to: water reducing additive, air incorporating agent, viscosity reducing agent, setting accelerator or retarder, resistance accelerator or retarder: dosed between 0.3% and 5% of the mass of said mixture.
- the invention also has as its scope a process of mixing and homogenizing said mixture of fines in which, the elements of said mixture are mixed in a particle mixer in one unit, the said unit receiving, mixing, homogeneity and dispatches said mixture of fines.
- the mixing and homogenization of fines can also occur at the exit of the grinding of one of the constituents through a dosing scale and feeding to the flow of ground materials.
- the invention also teaches a production process of the said fresh or hardened concrete in which the production is carried out in a concrete batching or mixing plant, in which Portland cement, one or both fillers of said mixture, are received mixed or separately, both Portland cement and one or both fillers are dosed, mixed and homogenized with the other materials.
- Figure 1 shows the discrete grain size curve of the fillers of the present invention.
- Figure 2 shows the accumulated grain size curve of the fillers.
- Figure 3 shows the deflocculation curve of pure materials (yield stress as a function of additive content).
- Figure 4 shows the deflocculation curve of pure materials (apparent viscosity depending on the additive content).
- Figure 5 shows the deflocculation curve of pure materials (hysteresis area depending on the additive content).
- Figure 6 shows the change in yield strength (Figure 6a), apparent viscosity (Figure 6b) and hysteresis area (Figure 6c) as a function of the variation in Filer 2 content (replacement filer) for different levels of Water.
- Figure 7 shows the demand for additive according to the Filer 2 content.
- Figure 8 shows the change in yield stress (Figure 8a), apparent viscosity (Figure 8b) and hysteresis area (Figure 8c) depending on the variation of the replacement filer ratio (Filer 2) and performance (Filer 1) .
- Figure 9 shows the apparent viscosity of the mixtures as a function of the porosity of the fines packaging.
- Figure 10 shows the additive content as a function of the flow torque of Filer 1 in the concrete.
- Figure 11 shows the deflocculation curve of the concretes, apparent viscosity as a function of the additive content.
- Figure 12 shows the additive content (by weight of the fines) necessary to reach the apparent viscosity of 0.025 N.m / RPM as a function of the Filer 1 content.
- Figure 13 shows the relative expansion by aggregated alkali reaction, depending on the filer content.
- Figure 14 shows the retraction in 28 days, depending on the Filer 2 content of the mixture, for two different volumes of paste.
- Figure 15 shows the torque curve per rotation of the concretes.
- the present invention reveals a mixture of fines, comprising a Portland cement according to the European standard and a first filer, here also called Filer 1 and a second filer, here also called Filer 2.
- Filer 1 can also be called filler filer, Filer 2, replacement filer.
- Portland cement comprises a fraction of 50 to 90% of the mixture, preferably 60 to 80%, with an even more preferable fraction of 65 to 75% of Portland cement in the mixture.
- Said cement is any Portland cement defined according to the present or future European standard, such as: a fraction of clinker plus calcium sulfate from 5 to 100% of the cement and, alternatively, a fraction of high granulated slag - furnace from 0 to 95% of cement, a fraction of pozzolanic material from 0 to 55% of cement, a fraction of carbonate material from 0 to 35% of cement, a fraction of cooked shale from 0 to 35% of Portland cement.
- a fraction of clinker plus calcium sulfate from 5 to 100% of the cement and, alternatively, a fraction of high granulated slag - furnace from 0 to 95% of cement, a fraction of pozzolanic material from 0 to 55% of cement, a fraction of carbonate material from 0 to 35% of cement, a fraction of cooked shale from 0 to 35% of Portland cement.
- One or more filer comprises a fraction of 10 to 50% of the mixture, preferably said fraction of 20% to 40% of the filer, being even more preferable, the fraction of 25% to 35% of filer in the mixture.
- Said fillers are comprised of an inorganic material obtained from the grinding of its raw material or its granulometric classification, being the raw material of the filer, including, but not limited to: limestone or quartz or silica or cristobalite or nepheline or dolomite or granite or electrofilter powder or slag or fly ash or pozzolans or concrete waste or construction and demolition waste or a mixture of these.
- the present invention has a first filler with a BET surface area less than or equal to 6 m 2 / g, and has a granulometric distribution with an average area defined by the range of 4pm ⁇ d98 ⁇ 40pm.
- the second filler may have a BET surface area less than or equal to 2.3 m 2 / g, with a granulometric distribution of an average area of 6pm ⁇ d85 ⁇ 40pm.
- the porosity of the packaging of the mixture must be at least 0.5 percentage point less than the porosity of the packaging of Portland cement used in this mixture.
- the porosity of the packaging of the mixture is at least 1 percentage point less than the porosity of the packaging of the Portland cement, with even more preferable the porosity of the packaging of the mixture being at least 2.5 percentage points less than the porosity.
- Portland cement packaging is
- the mixture of fines of the present invention provides a reduction of the additive demand in the concrete or in the paste, compared to Portland cement of at least 10%, preferably this reduction of at least 20%, being even more preferable, a reduction of at least 40%.
- the mixture of fines of the present invention reduces the viscosity in concrete or slurry. This reduction compared to Portland cement is greater than or equal to 10%, being preferably greater than or equal to 20%, being more preferably greater than or equal to 40%.
- the fines mixture of the present invention has the first filler with a BET surface area less than or equal to 6 m 2 / g and particle size distribution with an average area in the range 5pm ⁇ d98 ⁇ 30pm, preferably being the range of 5pm ⁇ d98 ⁇ 20pm.
- the mixture of fines has the first filler of BET surface area less than or equal to 6 m 2 / g and granulometric distribution with average area defined by the range 6pm ⁇ d98 ⁇ 16pm.
- the mixture of fines of the present invention also provides a reduction of the expansion by the alkali reaction aggregated in concrete, compared to Portland cement, of at least 10%, being preferably the reduction of the expansion by the alkali reaction aggregated in concrete of at least 25 %, being even more preferred the reduction of the expansion by the alkali reaction aggregated in concrete of at least 40%.
- the mixture of fines of the present invention provides a reduction of mortar shrinkage, compared to Portland cement, of at least 10%, and, preferably, the invention provides reduction of mortar shrinkage, compared to Portland cement, of at least 20%, and, even more preferably, it provides a reduction of shrinkage in mortar, compared to Portland cement, of at least 30%.
- Figure 1 shows the characterization of limestone fillers, discrete particle size distribution, according to the laser granulometry method, as well as cement.
- Figure 2 shows the accumulated particle size curve of the filers.
- the specific masses of the fillers of the present invention are predominantly in the range of 2.6 to 2.7 g / cm 3 , however, the specific masses are not limited to the range used for limestone fillers, covering other fillers, with different specific masses.
- Table 1 shows the specific mass (g / cm 3 ) and the BET specific surface area (m 2 / g) of fillers and cement of an embodiment of the present invention. Table 1 - specific mass and specific surface area of the filers
- the optimized additive content is obtained from the rheological parameters: yield stress, apparent viscosity and hysteresis area.
- yield stress apparent viscosity
- hysteresis area The choice of the optimized content of the additive was made after the viscosity stabilized, but the flow stress and, mainly, the hysteresis area as close to zero as possible should also be taken into account.
- Figure 3 shows the deflocculation curve of pure materials, yield stress as a function of the additive content.
- Figure 4 shows the deflocculation curve of the pure materials, apparent viscosity depending on the additive content.
- Figure 5 shows the deflocculation curve of pure materials, area of hysteresis as a function of the additive content.
- Figure 6 shows the rheological properties of pastes with different contents of Filer 2 and water contents (0.75; 0.9; 1.05 and 1.20%). It should be noted that the results for pastes with 1.05 and 1.20% water did not indicate considerable differences, since they were very fluid and the tests were performed on the minimum detection scale of the equipment.
- Figure 7 shows the additive demand as a function of the filer content for the mixtures shown in Figures 6a, 6b and 6c. Note that the increase in filer content directly results in a reduction in the dosage of the additive from 1.0% for pure cement to 0.65% of additive with 50% filer. Even with the significant reduction in the dosage of the additive, in up to 30% of filer content, reductions in viscosity and yield stress were still observed. These results show the reduction of the additive demand with the use of filer.
- the present invention also has as its object a fresh or hardened concrete composed of said mixture in which: - the amount of the mixture is 200 to 500 kg / m 3 , more preferably 300 to 400 kg / m 3 ;
- the amount of water is less than 180 l / m 3 , with 165 l / m 3 being more preferable, with 150 l / m 3 being even more preferable;
- the incorporated air content is 0.5 to 5%
- the small aggregates have a granulometric distribution with an average area of dlO> 90pm and d90 ⁇ 5mm: from 500 to 1200 kg / m 3 ;
- - coarse aggregates have a granulometric distribution with an average area characterized by dlO> 5mm: from 600 to 1400 kg / m 3 ;
- the fresh or hardened concrete obtained by means of the mixture of the present invention has compressive strength at 28 days between 20 and 80 MPa in the hardened state, and apparent viscosity of the concrete below 0.06 Nm / rpm in the fresh state .
- the fresh or hardened concrete obtained by means of the mixture of the present invention has compressive strength at 28 days between 35 and 70 MPa in the hardened state and, apparent viscosity of the concrete below 0.05 Nm / rpm in the fresh state.
- the binder intensity is less than 7 kg / m 3 / MPa, preferably less than 6 kg / m 3 / MPa, being even more preferable less than 5 kg / m 3 / MPa.
- Table 2 the formulation of various concretes of the present invention.
- the porosity of the packaging of the mixture of fines used in these concretes is shown in Table 3.
- the concretes F0 and A35 are references and the PF50, PF10, PF35, PC35 are examples of the present invention.
- Figure 10 shows the deflocculation curve of the concretes, considering the flow torque as a function of the additive content.
- Figure 11 shows the deflocculation curve, considering the apparent viscosity as a function of the additive content.
- Figure 12 shows the additive content (by weight of the fines) necessary to reach the apparent viscosity of 0.025 N.m / RPM as a function of the Filer 1 content in the concrete. Note that the increase in filer content directly results in a reduction in the dosage of the additive from 1.0% for pure cement to 0.33% of additive with 50% filer. Even with the significant reduction in the dosage of the additive, up to 30% of filer content, reductions in viscosity and yield stress were still observed. These results show the reduction of the additive demand with the use of filer.
- Fabela 4 shows the results of compressive strength of the evaluated concretes and Table 5 the binder intensity.
- Filer 2 was used for this example and the aggregates used in this realization were a mixture of 85% standard quartz sand (non-reactive aggregates) with a density of 2.65 g / cm 3 and 15% glass sand borosilicate (Pyrex: reactive). The use of crushed borosilicate glass aggregates was justified by the need to detect a clear sign of expansion between the mixtures tested. Formulation
- Figure 13 shows the expansion relative to the C100 mixture as a function of the filer content, indicating a reduction in the expansion from the aggregated alkali reaction, with an increase in the filer content of the mixture.
- Table 7 presents the mass quantities of the strokes carried out for planning this example with replacement of cement by limestone filer, as well as two different volumes of paste, defined according to the explanations above.
- the heat released in the hydration of the cement comes from the chemical hydration reactions that take place when mixing it with water (initial formation of etringite, second formation of etringite, formation of CSH from alite, transformation of etringite into monosulfoaluminate, hydration of the ferrite phase).
- the filler is an inert material or less reactive than Portland cement, this released heat is reduced.
- the reduction of the heat of hydration, compared to the Portland cement used in this mixture was at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, being even more preferably 30%.
- the present invention teaches a process of mixing and homogenizing the mixture of fines of the present invention, where the elements of said mixture are mixed in a particle mixer in one unit, the said unit receiving, mixing, homogeneity and dispatch said mixture of fines.
- the production process of fresh or hardened concrete is carried out in a concrete batching or mixing plant, in which Portland cement and the mixture filler of the present invention are received: mixed or separately, both Portland cement and the filler is dosed, mixed and homogenized with the other materials.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR112021012604-0A BR112021012604A2 (pt) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Mistura de finos, concreto fresco ou endurecido, processo de mistura e homogeneização da dita mistura de finos e processo de produção do dito concreto fresco |
| PCT/BR2018/050486 WO2020132721A1 (pt) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Mistura de finos, concreto fresco ou endurecido, processo de mistura e homogeneização da dita mistura de finos e processo de produção do dito concreto fresco |
| ARP190101432A AR115434A1 (es) | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-27 | Mezcla de cuerpos finos, hormigón fresco o endurecido, procedimiento de mezcla y homogeneización de dicha mezcla de cuerpos finos y procedimiento para producir dicho hormigón fresco |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2018/050486 WO2020132721A1 (pt) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Mistura de finos, concreto fresco ou endurecido, processo de mistura e homogeneização da dita mistura de finos e processo de produção do dito concreto fresco |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2020132721A1 true WO2020132721A1 (pt) | 2020-07-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2018/050486 Ceased WO2020132721A1 (pt) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Mistura de finos, concreto fresco ou endurecido, processo de mistura e homogeneização da dita mistura de finos e processo de produção do dito concreto fresco |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AR (1) | AR115434A1 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR112021012604A2 (pt) |
| WO (1) | WO2020132721A1 (pt) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2186248A1 (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 1995-10-19 | Hendrikus Arnoldus Wilhelmus Cornelissen | Filler for concrete and similar building material |
| US20100043673A1 (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2010-02-25 | Lafarge | Concrete compositions |
| US20120037045A1 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2012-02-16 | Lafarge | High or ultra-high performance concrete |
| US20180194679A1 (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-07-12 | Roman Cement, Llc | Use of quarry fines and/or limestone powder to reduce clinker content of cementitious compositions |
-
2018
- 2018-12-28 WO PCT/BR2018/050486 patent/WO2020132721A1/pt not_active Ceased
- 2018-12-28 BR BR112021012604-0A patent/BR112021012604A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2019
- 2019-05-27 AR ARP190101432A patent/AR115434A1/es unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2186248A1 (en) * | 1994-04-08 | 1995-10-19 | Hendrikus Arnoldus Wilhelmus Cornelissen | Filler for concrete and similar building material |
| US20100043673A1 (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2010-02-25 | Lafarge | Concrete compositions |
| US20120037045A1 (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2012-02-16 | Lafarge | High or ultra-high performance concrete |
| US20180194679A1 (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-07-12 | Roman Cement, Llc | Use of quarry fines and/or limestone powder to reduce clinker content of cementitious compositions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR112021012604A2 (pt) | 2021-10-05 |
| AR115434A1 (es) | 2021-01-20 |
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