WO2020156620A1 - Procédé de traitement d'une matière fibreuse à l'aide d'un agent antipoussière et dispositif de mise en œuvre du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement d'une matière fibreuse à l'aide d'un agent antipoussière et dispositif de mise en œuvre du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020156620A1
WO2020156620A1 PCT/DE2020/100061 DE2020100061W WO2020156620A1 WO 2020156620 A1 WO2020156620 A1 WO 2020156620A1 DE 2020100061 W DE2020100061 W DE 2020100061W WO 2020156620 A1 WO2020156620 A1 WO 2020156620A1
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Prior art keywords
dust
binding agent
unit
sprayed
spray chamber
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Randolf NOTT
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Rrno Research GmbH
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Rrno Research GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/22—Materials not provided for elsewhere for dust-laying or dust-absorbing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating a fibrous substance with a dust-binding agent and a corresponding device for carrying out the method.
  • Smallest particles in solid or liquid state are generally defined as aerosols, which are more suspensory in a gaseous medium and are created by atomization or pulverization of liquid or solid substances.
  • Bioaerosols are complex airborne particles of biological origin, which are generally divided into animate and inanimate particles.
  • Animate particles represent the entirety of the air constituents with biological origins of human, animal, plant and microbial origin (e.g. bacteria, fungi, viruses, mites, yeasts, protozoa, endotoxins). Depending on their origin, these can cause allergic, toxic and infectious reactions in the organism.
  • Dusts represent the inanimate part and are defined as disperse distributions of solid substances in gases, which can arise through mechanical processes or through whirling.
  • Animate and inanimate particles form common agglomerates, with about 80% of the airborne microorganisms attached to particles. This association is also referred to as a cluster, with dust assuming the role of a carrier (carrier), since the active constituents of the bioaerosol adhere to the dust particles.
  • carrier carrier
  • the size of a particle is of crucial health relevance for humans and animals. Particles can be divided into fractions based on the aerodynamic particle diameter. The division of the particles into fractions has been defined differently in the literature. In the past, a distinction was made between coarse dust (50 - 500 pm), medium dust (10 - 50 pm), fine dust (0.5 - 10 pm) and fine dust (0.1 - 0.5 pm) (Melhorn G., textbook of Animal hygiene /., Fischer Verlag, Jena, Stuttgart, pp. 89-120, 1979).
  • PM Porate Matter
  • PM10 and PM4 contain all particles that are described by a separation curve with a separation rate of 50% below 10 pm and 4 pm, respectively.
  • ISO 7708: 1995 Beuth-Verlag, Berlin, page 3
  • the PMio fraction is to be equated with the thoracic fraction (DIN EN 481: 1993, Beuth-Verlag, Berlin, page 4).
  • Fine particles can penetrate deep regions of the respiratory tract, the fine fraction ( ⁇ 5 pm) being deposited there by sedimentation and impaction.
  • Art T. et al. Environmental Control of Respiratory Disease, Equine Respiratory Diseases, International Veterinary Information Service, New York, 2002
  • the majority of particles ⁇ 0.5 pm in size are secreted from the respiratory tract by expiration, whereby by diffusion smaller particles ( ⁇ 0.1 pm) from the bronchioles get into the adjacent tissue.
  • the RAO (Recurrent Airway Obstruction) mentioned at the beginning is a recurrent airway obstruction, which represents an irritated state of the lungs resulting from an allergy.
  • infectious agents bacteria, viruses and lung parasites
  • environmental antigens mimetics
  • chemical-physical stimuli harmful gases, dust particles. It has not yet been clearly researched which of these factors can be assigned a higher weighting (Marti E. et al., Relationship between respiratory diseases and allergies in horses, FFP training event on horse health on April 23 and 24, 2005 in Weg-Handorf. Subject : Immune diseases in horses, 2005), whereby Seedorf and Hartung (Seedorf J.
  • McPherson and Thomson (McPherson EA & Thomson JR, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the horse: Nature of the disease, Equine Veterinary Journal, 15, 203-206, 1983) have shown that the disease is directly related to the content of airborne particles ) already in 1983.
  • Both airborne particles and mold spores can be responsible for a variety of diseases of the respiratory tract.
  • diseases of the respiratory tract include, for example, airbag mycosis (inflammation of the airbag), which according to Markus (Markus RG, studies on the therapy of airbag mycosis of the horse - ligature of the internal carotid artery by means of transendoscopic clip application, diss., Veterinary University of Hanover, 2002) primarily by the mold genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Candida is caused.
  • Franz Faranz C., The View into the Horse, In: Autumn & Winter 2003/2004, 2003
  • the cause of an acute to chronic inflammation can also be the ingress of foreign bodies and coarser dust particles.
  • the respiratory diseases mentioned can usually not be completely cured. Expensive medications and therapies can only prevent the worst or alleviate the symptoms of the disease, which can result in high costs for the treatment of respiratory diseases. In addition, general examination and consultation costs are incurred for each treatment. In the case of more severe interventions, accommodation and monitoring must also be financially rewarded.
  • the primary focus must be on the treatment of the main sources of contamination with suspended dust, which include various bedding materials (wheat straw, chips, flax, hemp), roughage (hay, haylage) and various concentrates (oats, barley, Represent compound feed).
  • suspended dust include various bedding materials (wheat straw, chips, flax, hemp), roughage (hay, haylage) and various concentrates (oats, barley, Represent compound feed).
  • Water is currently the "medium of choice”.
  • watering or wetting the hay primarily serves to reduce the dust.
  • water is poured from a watering can over the hay or the hay is immersed in water to wash off dust particles and thus prevent the horse from breathing them in when eating.
  • Hay steamers are also known, for example the HAYGAIN hay steamer HG-2000 which works with a steam generator.
  • the duration of steaming hay depends on the type of hay, the hay density and the outside temperature and is on average between 50 and 60 minutes.
  • the HAYGAIN HG-2000 has a capacity of over 45 kilos of hay and is therefore intended for use in larger companies.
  • Another hay steamer is known as the "Perfect hay steamer box" and is available with a capacity of 300 and 560 liters. It is essentially an insulated box into which the hay is placed and steam is injected.
  • Another hay steamer with a generator and a hay container made of plastic is offered under the name "HAY STEAMER".
  • Mycotoxins that are harmful to human and animal health can be stable at high temperatures.
  • deoxynivalenol has a temperature stability up to 140 ° C, which makes it e.g. is not inactivated during vapor deposition.
  • a method for treating a fibrous substance, preferably hay or straw, with a dust-binding agent is proposed, which comprises the following steps:
  • a dust-binding agent which has a film-forming agent on an aqueous basis, onto the fibrous material, whereby the dust-binding agent is atomized into drops and dust particles are bound to fibers of the fibrous material and / or a cluster formation of the dust particles is promoted.
  • the fiber-containing material particularly preferably consists essentially of hay or straw or has hay or straw.
  • the method can also be used for dedusting other fiber-containing substances, e.g. Vegetable, animal or synthetic fiber-containing substances such as grasses, herbs, leaves, cotton, wool, textile fibers etc. can be used.
  • the fibrous substance After the provision of the fibrous substance, the fibrous substance is loosened. As a result of the loosening, the surface of the fibrous material to be sprayed can be enlarged, in particular if the fibrous material is provided in a compressed form. For example, Treat hay or straw bales of any shape after loosening. Provision can also be made for the fibrous material to be broken up or broken up by the loosening.
  • the fibrous material After loosening, the fibrous material is sprayed with a dust-binding agent, the dust-binding agent being atomized into drops.
  • the dust binder has an aqueous-based film former.
  • the dust binding agent can bind dust particles to fibers of the fibrous material. Likewise, the dust binding agent promotes cluster formation, both of dust particles and of dust particles and bio-aerosols. This can reduce the amount of dust in the air, for example in the barn.
  • dust which has already settled on the floor can be whirled up or prevented.
  • clustering can be an adhesive Connection of two or more dust particles is meant, for example, a sticking together of several dust particles or a sticking of a dust particle to at least one other dust particle, wherein the adhesive effect can be generated by the dust binder. It is not absolutely necessary for every dust particle in the cluster formed to adhere to every other dust particle in the cluster.
  • Clustering can also mean that, for example, a first dust particle is directly bound to a fiber of the fiber-containing substance, and a second dust particle is indirectly bonded to the fiber in an adherent manner.
  • An enzyme and / or an enzyme mixture for breaking down or decomposing mycotoxins is preferably sprayed on with the dust-binding agent, or the dust-binding agent has such an enzyme when sprayed on.
  • the enzyme and / or the enzyme mixture can be water-soluble.
  • the enzyme mixture can have one or more enzymes.
  • the enzyme mixture can also have other components that are not enzymes.
  • the enzyme mixture can consist or have an enzyme and water.
  • the enzyme can be suitable for human and animal consumption, can be harmless to humans and animals when consumed, and / or can be a feed additive or food additive. In this way, the dust binder not only prevents dust particles from entering the respiratory tract of animals (and humans), but also possible damaging effects in the digestive tract.
  • the enzyme sprayed on when the dust-binding agent is sprayed on, or the enzyme which has been shown by the dust-binding agent, can be designed to degrade or decompose at least one of A-trichothecenes, B-trichotecenes, fumonisins or cereallenone metabolites. This can damage the liver and the immune system, e.g. can be avoided or reduced by fumonisins.
  • the dust-binding agent Before being sprayed on, the dust-binding agent can be heated with a heating element to a temperature equal to or higher than the target temperature, the target temperature preferably being 15 ° C., particularly preferably 20 ° C., the temperature of the dust-binding agent preferably including measured a temperature sensor and the heating element can be controlled based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor. This ensures, particularly in winter, that the sprayed dust-binding agent has at least the target temperature.
  • a Dust binder temperature of 20 ° C has proven to be advantageous in terms of viscosity and spray properties.
  • the method can preferably have the step of separating the clusters formed by the cluster formation.
  • the step of separating the clusters preferably does not take place immediately after the step of spraying on the dust-binding agent, but only after a time interval of at least a few minutes.
  • the dust-binding agent can be sprayed on at 5-30 ml / minute / kg of fiber-containing substance, preferably at 10-25 ml / minute / kg of fiber-containing substance during spraying. It is also conceivable that the dust-binding agent can be sprayed on at 60-120 ml / minute, preferably at 80-100 ml / minute. Provision can be made to use 40-60 ml / 10 kg of fibrous material.
  • the dust-binding agent can furthermore preferably be atomized into drops having a drop size of 20-50 pm, preferably 30-40 pm, particularly preferably 35 pm, during spraying.
  • a droplet size of 20-50 pm and especially 35 pm has proven to be advantageous for wetting the fibers.
  • a water-based film former comprising Cassia-Gum E 427, agar-agar, carboxy-methyl cellulose or any combination thereof can be sprayed on with particular preference when spraying on the dust-binding agent.
  • These film formers are approved as food additives. However, other film formers can also be sprayed on, preferably those with a food additive approval and / or feed additive approval.
  • the dust-binding agent can also have carbohydrate mixtures and / or mixtures of monomers, dimers, oligomers and polymers of glucose on an aqueous basis.
  • a dust binder comprising a preservative, preferably a potassium sorbate, a citric acid, a sugar substance, a maltodextrin or any combination of the like, can preferably be sprayed on as the dust binder.
  • the dust binder can be used as a film-forming agent Cassia-Gum (E 427), agar-agar, caroboxy-methyl cellulose or any combination from this and carbohydrate mixtures and / or modified starches such as maltodextrin and / or mixtures of monomers, dimers, oligomers and polymers of glucose on an aqueous basis with a suitable preservation, for example from potassium sorbate and citric acid.
  • a dust binder having a viscosity of 20-60 mPas, preferably 30-50 mPas, particularly preferably 35-45 mPas, can preferably be sprayed on as the dust binder. This makes the dust binding agent particularly easy to atomize.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention for treating a fibrous substance, preferably hay or straw, with a dust-binding agent having a spray chamber, the spray chamber having an inlet opening, an outlet opening and at least one arranged between the inlet and outlet opening Atomizer for atomizing and spraying a dust-binding agent, the device comprising a feed unit for introducing the fiber-containing substance via the inlet opening into the spray chamber, a loosening unit for loosening and / or crushing the fiber-containing substance and an ejection unit for ejecting the fiber-containing substance through the outlet opening Has spray chamber.
  • the terms “eject”, “eject” and “eject” do not necessarily mean that the fibrous material is thrown, that is, it follows a (parabolic) trajectory or the like. Rather, it can also mean that the fiber-containing substance is transported or transported from the spray chamber through the outlet opening by the ejection unit. Likewise, the terms “feed”, “feed” or “supplied” can mean that the fibrous substance is transported or conveyed from the feed unit into the spray chamber through the inlet opening.
  • the loosening unit is preferably arranged in the spray chamber. However, it can also be provided that the loosening unit is arranged at least partially in front of the spray chamber in the feed direction of the fibrous material.
  • the loosening unit is particularly preferably arranged in the feed direction in front of the atomizer.
  • the feed unit is arranged in front of the spray chamber or extends into the spray chamber. In another embodiment, the feed unit extends through the spray chamber through it.
  • the ejection unit can be arranged in the spray chamber or in the feed direction behind the spray chamber. The ejection unit can also extend through the spray chamber. More than one atomizer can be arranged in the spray chamber.
  • At least two atomizers are arranged vertically one above the other or horizontally next to one another, so that the fibrous substance can be passed between the atomizers.
  • the atomizers can also be arranged in a grid, a grid and / or regularly spaced apart.
  • the dust-binding agent can have an enzyme and / or an enzyme mixture for breaking down or decomposing mycotoxins, preferably of at least one of A-trichothecenes, B-trichotecenes, fumonisins or cerealenone metabolites.
  • the device can have a thermal container fluidly connected to the atomizer for receiving the dust-binding agent, the thermal container at least one heating element for heating the dust-binding agent and at least one temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the
  • the device can have an ejection opening adjustment device which is set up to adjust the shape and / or size of the outlet opening, preferably the width of the outlet opening.
  • the discharge cross-section can thus be connected to the
  • Insertion opening of a means of transport for removing the sprayed fibrous substance can be adjusted.
  • Ejection opening adjustment device from a rectangular shape to a round shape, e.g. a circular or oval, can be transferred.
  • shape of the outlet opening is maintained and only the outlet area is varied, for example by reducing a radius or while maintaining an aspect ratio.
  • the outlet opening can be rectangular or slot-shaped, wherein the width of the rectangle or slot can be adjusted by the ejection width adjustment device.
  • the width adjustment can e.g. done manually or motorized by a slide.
  • the atomizer can advantageously be a single-substance nozzle, a two-nozzle
  • At least one atomizer preferably has a flat jet nozzle.
  • air or steam can preferably be used as the propellant.
  • the rotary atomizer can be designed as a non-pressurized rotating disk and can produce drops with a drop size of 35 ⁇ m.
  • the droplets generated by the rotary atomizer have only very little to no scatter in the droplet spectrum, which means that the material is very well covered. Provision can be made to use two rotary atomizers, each of which sprinkles a circle over a full area corresponding to the working width of the device, for example 70 cm, which can result in complete wetting of the fibrous material.
  • the device can have a separating unit for separating dust particle clusters formed during spraying, preferably at least one suction device, brush, washing unit or a combination thereof.
  • the separation unit can be arranged in the feed direction of the fibrous substance behind the spray chamber and / or the ejection unit and / or between the spray chamber and ejection unit.
  • the device can preferably have a collecting container for the intermediate storage of the fibrous material treated with the dust-binding agent, which can be connected to the spray chamber via the outlet opening.
  • the collecting container can particularly preferably have a closing flap, via which fiber-containing material treated with the dust-binding agent can be removed.
  • the collecting container can preferably be separated from the device, so that an easy replacement of collecting containers is made possible.
  • the feed unit can preferably be identical to the ejection unit, the feed unit to the loosening unit and / or the loosening unit to the ejection unit.
  • the feed unit is identical to the ejection unit and the feed unit is provided by a conveyor belt, then the ejection unit corresponds to the same conveyor belt; the conveyor belt then transports, for example, fibrous material into the spray chamber, through the spray chamber and out of the spray chamber.
  • the feed unit can be identical to the ejection unit.
  • the feed unit can be identical to the loosening unit.
  • the loosening unit can be identical to the ejection unit.
  • the feed unit can be identical to both the ejection unit and the loosening unit.
  • the feed unit and / or the ejection unit can have a conveyor belt, a roller, a pair of rollers, a blower, a bevel or any combination thereof.
  • the feed unit can have a pick-up device for round bales made of a material comprising fibrous material, the pick-up device being set up for unwinding the material of the round bale.
  • the receiving device can be set up to transport the unwound material to the loosening unit. If the feed unit has a conveyor belt, a roller, a pair of rollers, a blower or an inclined plane, the receiving device can also be set up for transfer to the conveyor belt, the roller, the pair of rollers, the blower or the inclined plane.
  • the device can thus process both round bales made from square bales made from fibrous material, for example from hay or straw.
  • the device allows the fibrous material to be loosened regardless of its form of preparation (e.g. round bales or cross bales) and sprayed with the dust-binding agent.
  • the loosening unit can preferably have a roller, a spiked roller, a chopper, an agitator, a blower, a brush or any combination thereof.
  • the device can have a control unit for controlling and / or regulating the ejection unit, a mass or volume flow of the fibrous material ejected by the ejection unit and / or a mass or volume flow of the dust binder sprayed by the atomizer.
  • a control unit for controlling and / or regulating the ejection unit, a mass or volume flow of the fibrous material ejected by the ejection unit and / or a mass or volume flow of the dust binder sprayed by the atomizer.
  • a control unit for controlling and / or regulating the ejection unit, a mass or volume flow of the fibrous material ejected by the ejection unit and / or a mass or volume flow of the dust binder sprayed by the atomizer.
  • a wetting time of the fibrous substance with the dust-binding agent can be set.
  • the sprayed-on amount of dust-binding agent per kilogram of fibrous substance can be set and / or varied by the control unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of the method according to the invention for treating a fiber-containing substance with a dust-binding agent
  • FIG 3 shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of a device according to the invention for performing the method according to the invention.
  • the treatment of hay with the dust binding agent is mainly described. However, this is not intended to restrict the fibrous material to hay.
  • the measurements and devices described below for detecting the dust-binding agent can also be used for other fibrous substances, for example for straw.
  • other fluids can also be sprayed on with the device.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the fibrous material is provided.
  • the fibrous material is loosened up.
  • the dust binding agent is then sprayed onto the fibrous material. Spraying can preferably be done mechanically, for example with the aid of the device described below.
  • the dust-binding agent can also be applied to the fiber-containing material, which may have been loosened by hand beforehand, using a pump atomizer.
  • the dust binder preferably has an aqueous-based film former.
  • the dust-binding agent sprayed onto the fiber-containing substance can bind dust particles to fibers of the fiber-containing substance. This can prevent or at least make it more difficult for the dust particles bound to the fibers to be whirled up.
  • the dust binder can combine dust particles with a smaller diameter to form harmless clusters with a larger diameter.
  • the film former preferably has Cassia-Gum E 427, agar-agar, carboxy-methyl cellulose or any combination thereof.
  • the film former made from food additive and / or as feed additive is particularly preferred. This means that the dust can be harmless to humans or animals.
  • the dust-binding agent can be easily contacted, inhaled and / or otherwise introduced by humans and animals. This can result in an uncomplicated and simple handling of the dust-binding agent or that of the device, since safety measures such as respiratory protection, protective glasses, protective gloves, safety shoes, etc. can be dispensed with.
  • the dust binder and / or the film former preferably has a preservative, preferably a potassium sorbate, a citric acid, a sugar, a maltodextrin or any combination thereof.
  • the dust binder can have a carbohydrate mixture and / or mixtures of monomers, dimers, oligomers and polymers of glucose on an aqueous basis.
  • the dust-binding agent can be sprayed on with a volume flow of 60-120 ml / minute, preferably with a volume flow of 80-100 ml / minute.
  • the dust-binding agent can advantageously be sprayed on with an amount of 5 to 30 ml / min / kg of fibrous material, particularly preferably with an amount of 10 to 25 ml / min / kg of fibrous material.
  • the fibrous material can also be sprayed with more or less dust-binding agents.
  • the dust-binding agent can preferably be atomized into drops having a drop size of 20-50 pm, preferably 20-40 pm, particularly preferably 35 pm, during the spraying.
  • the sprayed-on drop size can, however, also be selected and / or varied depending on the nature, the material and the type of the fiber-containing substance supplied. For hay or straw, for example, a drop size of 20-50 pm, preferably 20-40 pm, has proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • the dust binder can have a viscosity of 20-60 mPas, preferably 30-50 mPas, particularly preferably 35-45 mPas.
  • the dust-binding agent can have an enzyme or an enzyme mixture for the degradation or decomposition of mycotoxins.
  • the enzyme or the enzyme mixture can degrade or decompose at least one of A-trichothecenes, B-trichotecenes (such as deoxynivalenol), fumonisins or cerealenone metabolites.
  • the enzyme or the enzyme mixture can also be chosen such that other mycotixins can also be decomposed. Damage to humans and animals caused by such toxins, for example damage to the liver and the immune system by fumonisins, can thus be prevented or at least significantly reduced.
  • the dust-binding agent is heated to a target temperature of at least 15-20 ° C. before being sprayed on. This results in good spray properties of the dust-binding agent. But it can also be provided that the dusting agent e.g. depending on its composition to heat to a different target temperature. Depending on the degree of latitude and / or season, the temperature of the dust-binding agent can, however, drop significantly below the target temperature without heating. It can therefore be provided that the dust-binding agent is kept in a thermal container that is fluidly connected to the atomizer and that it is e.g. to heat the heating element arranged in the thermal container or to bring it to the desired temperature.
  • the heating element can be operated by a control and / or regulator unit, e.g.
  • control unit can be controlled, the control based on that of e.g. temperature of the dust-binding agent measured in the thermal container arranged can take place. Provision can also be made to use measurement data from a further sensor for detecting the outside temperature for controlling the heating element.
  • the clusters formed can be separated if necessary.
  • the step of separating the clusters preferably does not take place immediately after the step of spraying on the dust-binding agent, but only at a time interval of at least one minute. The time interval can depend on the amount of the dust-binding agent sprayed on, based on the amount of the fibrous substance.
  • the clusters can preferably be deposited with a suction device or a brush or by washing.
  • the device can be suitably equipped and / or have suitable suction devices, brushes or washing units.
  • the clusters are not separated by the device but by another suitable unit.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of the time course of two PM10 measurements for untreated hay and hay treated with a dust-binding agent according to the method according to the invention and demonstrates the effectiveness of the method according to the invention.
  • a “GRIMM” Model 11R laser aerosol spectrometer was used for the exemplary measurements shown in FIG. 2. The measurements were carried out as follows:
  • the PMio value (untreated hay) measured in the second measurement is significantly higher than the value measured in the fourth measurement (treated hay) at any time during the air pollution measurement.
  • the PMio value of the second measurement is approximately 6 times larger than the value of the fourth measurement.
  • Also noticeable is a significantly lower scatter of the air pollution measurements in the case of the hay treated with the dust binding agent compared to the untreated hay.
  • FIG. 3 An embodiment of an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the device 1 has a feed unit 7, a spray chamber 3, a loosening unit 8 and an ejection unit 9.
  • the hay 2 provided ie the fiber-containing material provided
  • the loosening unit 8 and an atomizer 6 are arranged in the spray chamber 3.
  • the loosening unit 8 loosens the supplied hay 2.
  • the dust-binding agent is then sprayed onto the loosened hay 2 by the atomizer 6.
  • the ejection unit 9 ejects the hay 2 out of the spray chamber through an outlet opening 5.
  • the ejection unit 9 can eject the sprayed hay 2 into a collecting container 10.
  • the collecting container 10 can have a flap 14.
  • the collecting container 10 can be releasably attached.
  • the ejection unit 9 can be arranged in front of or behind the atomizer 6 in the ejection direction.
  • the atomizer 6 can be connected to a dust-binding agent tank via a feed system, not shown.
  • the device 1 can have a control unit 11.
  • the control unit 11 can control and / or regulate the ejection unit 9.
  • the mass or volume flow of the hay 2 ejected from the spray chamber 3 can thus be controlled and / or regulated by the control unit 11.
  • the control unit can regulate and / or control the atomizer 6 and / or the supply system of the atomizer 6.
  • the mass or volume flow of the dust binder sprayed on by the atomizer 6 can thus be controlled and / or regulated by the control unit 11.
  • the control unit 11 can control the mass or volume flow of both the hay 2 ejected from the spray chamber 3 and the sprayed one Control and / or regulate dust-binding agents.
  • the wetting amount of the hay 2 with the dust-binding agent and / or the wetting time can thus be controlled and / or regulated by the control unit 11.
  • the spray chamber 3 can have a floor sprinkler 15. This means that the hay can also be sprayed with the dust binding agent from below.
  • the spray chamber 3 can have a drain 16 or the like, such as a sieve.
  • the feed unit 7 is formed by a conveyor belt and the loosening unit 8 by a spiked roller.
  • the ejection unit 9 is identical to the feed unit 7, i.e. the ejection unit 9 is formed by the same conveyor belt as the feed unit 7.
  • the atomizer 6 is arranged at the outlet opening 5.
  • the conveyor belt 7, 9 extends in the feed direction into the spray chamber 3, but not beyond the atomizer 6; As shown in FIG. 3, the ejection unit 9 is thus arranged in front of the atomizer 6 in the ejection direction.
  • the conveyor belt can be controlled and / or regulated by the control unit 11.
  • the feed speed ie here the running speed of the conveyor belt
  • the control unit 11 is preferably an electric motor.
  • the spiked roller is mechanically connected to the conveyor belt via a gear 13.
  • the transmission ratio of the gear 13 can preferably be chosen such that the tangential speed of the surface of the spiked roller 8 can be greater than the feed speed of the conveyor belt 7, 9. A particularly good loosening of the supplied hay 2 can thus be achieved.
  • any other gear ratios of the transmission 13 can obviously also be selected.
  • the number of stages of the gear 13 is selected such that the spiked roller 8 and the rollers of the conveyor belt 7, 9 have the same direction of rotation.
  • the gear 13 is designed such that the spiked roller 8 and the rollers of the conveyor belt 7 have an opposite direction of rotation to have.
  • the hay 2 fed by the conveyor belt 7 can be loosened by the spiked roller 8 and accelerated in the feed direction.
  • the inlet opening 4 and the outlet opening 5 are arranged opposite one another (see, for example, FIG. 3)
  • the hay 2 accelerated by the spiked roller 8 can be thrown under the atomizer 6 and through the outlet opening 5; the spiked roller 8 (loosening unit 8) can thus correspond to the ejection unit 9 and the conveyor belt to the feed unit 7.
  • the loosening unit 8 is not connected or coupled to the feed unit 7 and / or the ejection unit 9.
  • the loosening unit 8 can preferably be driven independently of the feed unit 7 and / or the ejection unit 9.
  • the direction of rotation and speed of rotation of the spiked roller 8 can be controlled and / or regulated, for example.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention is shown in FIG.
  • the device 1 shown has a feed unit 7, a loosening unit 8, a spray chamber 3 and an ejection unit 9.
  • the loosening unit 8 has a spiked roller. It can also be provided that the loosening unit 8 has several e.g. has spiked rollers arranged one behind the other.
  • the embodiment of the device 1 shown in FIG. 4 can also contain continuously fibrous material, e.g. Feed hay or straw to the loosening unit 8 and the spray chamber 3 and eject continuously sprayed fibrous material.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 can be dimensioned such that a daily ration of hay for a large horse (approx. 8 kg of hay) is completely loosened and sprayed within two minutes.
  • the feed unit 7 and the ejection unit 9 have a conveyor belt 9, the conveyor belt of the feed unit 7 being the same as the ejection unit 9. It is also possible to use two conveyor belts which work independently of one another and which can be set differently in terms of the conveying speed.
  • the conveyor belt 9 leads to fiber-containing material to be sprayed, in particular hay, through the loosening unit 8 into the spray chamber 3 and transports the sprayed hay as part of the ejection unit 9 to an optional deflection piece 19.
  • the loosening unit 8 is arranged in front of the spray chamber 3 against the transport direction of the conveyor belt 9.
  • the inlet opening 4 of the spray chamber 3 can be arranged downstream of the loosening unit 8 in the feed direction, so that the fiber-containing substance is loosened before entering the spray chamber, as shown in FIG. 4, whereas the fiber-containing substance according to FIG. 3 is loosened in the spray chamber.
  • the conveyor belt 9 runs essentially in the horizontal plane and / or parallel to the installation surface of the device 1.
  • the spiked roller 8 can be mechanically coupled to the drive of the conveyor belt 9 via a gear 13.
  • spiked roller 8 and conveyor belt 9 can be controlled and moved independently of one another.
  • the feed unit 7 can have a pick-up device for round bales, not shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, by means of which the round bales can be unwound.
  • the device 1 can thus also process or spray fibrous material, in particular hay or straw, in the form of a round bale.
  • the deflection piece 19 shown in FIG. 4 can be detachably connected to the spray chamber 3. However, as in the device 1 shown in FIG. 4, it can also be provided that the deflection piece 19 is not releasably connected to the spray chamber 3 or is a fixed part of the spray chamber. In this case, the outlet opening of the deflection piece 19 can correspond to the outlet opening 5 of the spray chamber 3 or can be understood as such. In one embodiment, however, the deflection piece 19 can also be part of the ejection unit 9 or the ejection unit 9 can have the deflection piece.
  • the inlet opening 4 of the spray chamber 3 can be oriented essentially perpendicular to the horizontal plane and the outlet opening 5 essentially parallel to the horizontal plane. Depending on the design of the deflection piece 19, the sprayed hay can also be ejected from the device 1 in one or more other directions.
  • the embodiment of the device 1 shown in FIG. 4 also continuously feeds hay via the feed unit 7 to the loosening unit 8 and the spray chamber 3.
  • hay sprayed with the dust-binding agent is also continuously ejected by the ejection unit 9 or, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, transported by the conveyor belt 9 into the deflection piece 19.
  • the sprayed hay then falls in the in Figure 4 Embodiment shown below under the influence of gravity from the deflection piece 19th
  • the device 1 can have an ejection opening adjusting device 18, by means of which the outlet opening 5 of the spray chamber 3 or the deflection piece 19 can be varied.
  • the discharge opening adjustment device 18 has a manually operable slide arranged on the outside of the device 1, so that when the slide is actuated, the width of the outlet opening 5 of the spray chamber 3 and / or the deflection piece 19 is increased or reduced.
  • the embodiment of the device 1 shown in FIG. 4 also has a thermal container 17 which is fluidly connected to the atomizer not shown in the figure.
  • the dust-binding agent to be sprayed on can be stored or stored in the thermal container 17.
  • the thermal container 17 can have at least one temperature sensor and at least one heating element. Both the temperature sensor and the heating element can be arranged in the thermal container.
  • the temperature sensor and the heating element can be connected to a control and / or regulator unit, so that the heating element is controlled based on the measured values of the temperature sensor.
  • the dust-binding agent in the thermal container 17 can thus be brought to or maintained at a desired temperature by heating with the heating element.
  • the thermal container 17 can also be assigned a metering pump, not shown, for regulating the amount of dust-binding agent to be sprayed on.
  • two rotary atomizers are preferably arranged in the spray chamber 3, which are preferably designed as rotating disks which operate without pressure and which completely wet a circle corresponding to the working width of the device 1.
  • the spray chamber 3 can have a flap 20 accessible from outside the device 1. When the flap 20 is open, the at least one atomizer arranged in the spray chamber 3 can be easily accessible for assembly or disassembly or maintenance purposes.
  • the device 1 can have a catch guard 21, which can collect fiber-containing material, for example hay or straw, whirled up by the loosening unit 8 or can prevent it from being flung out of the device 1.
  • the conveyor belt can extend in the feed direction through the spray chamber to the outlet opening or beyond.
  • the loosening unit can be arranged in the feed direction in front of the spray chamber.
  • the atomizer can have a single-substance nozzle, a two-substance nozzle, a rotary atomizer or any combination thereof.
  • the atomizer can preferably have a flat jet nozzle.
  • the atomizer can be arranged at any position in the spray chamber or on any inside of the spray chamber.
  • the atomizer can preferably be arranged at the outlet opening.
  • Several nozzles or atomizers can be arranged in a pattern, grid or evenly spaced from one another and / or the dust-binding agent can be sprayed on from different directions.
  • the atomizer is integrated in the loosening unit.
  • a spiked roller used as a loosening unit can have nozzles for spraying on the dust-binding agent.
  • the feed unit and / or ejection unit can alternatively or additionally have a roller, a pair of rollers, a blower, a bevel or any combination thereof.
  • the fiber-containing material can alternatively or additionally be drawn or conveyed into the spray chamber by a roller or a pair of rollers of two rollers arranged one above the other with opposite directions of rotation and / or pulled or conveyed out of the spray chamber by the same or a different pair of rollers or rollers.
  • the fibrous substance can be blown or sucked into the spray chamber by a blower and / or blown or sucked out of the spray chamber by the same or a different blower.
  • the fiber-containing substance can be conveyed into the spray chamber via a bevel and / or be conveyed out of the spray chamber through the same or a different bevel.
  • the loosening unit can have a roller, a chopper, an agitator, a blower, a brush or any combination thereof. It can also be provided that the loosening unit has two rollers spaced apart from one another in the feed direction with different rotational speeds, so that the fibrous material is pulled apart and thereby loosened. It can also be provided that the loosening unit has two pairs of rollers spaced apart in the feed direction, each having two rollers arranged vertically one above the other.
  • the outlet opening cannot be arranged parallel to the inlet opening.
  • the outlet opening can be arranged in such a way that the ejection direction is oriented essentially perpendicular to the feed direction. It can be provided that the fibrous substance is ejected downwards in the vertical direction. It can be provided that the outlet opening has a funnel shape.
  • the device can have a separation unit for separating dust particle clusters formed during spraying, for example at least one suction device, brush, washing unit or a combination thereof.
  • the separation unit can be arranged in the feed direction of the fibrous substance behind the spray chamber and / or the ejection unit and / or between the spray chamber and ejection unit.
  • the device 1 can be fixed in place via a frame 12.
  • the device 1 or the frame 12 can stand on wheels or rollers, so that the device 1 can be moved.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
  • Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement d'une matière fibreuse, en particulier du foin ou de la paille, à l'aide d'un agent antipoussière, le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant : - à fournir une une matière fibreuse comprenant des particules de poussière ; - à desserrer la matière fibreuse ; et - à pulvériser sur la matière fibreuse un agent antipoussière comprenant un moyen filmogène à base d'eau, l'agent antipoussière étant vaporisé sous forme de gouttes, et les particules de poussière étant liées à des fibres de la matière fibreuse, et/ou une formation agglomérée des particules de poussière étant favorisée. L'invention concerne en outre un dispositif correspondant.
PCT/DE2020/100061 2019-01-31 2020-01-31 Procédé de traitement d'une matière fibreuse à l'aide d'un agent antipoussière et dispositif de mise en œuvre du procédé Ceased WO2020156620A1 (fr)

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WO (1) WO2020156620A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP4620291A1 (fr) * 2024-03-20 2025-09-24 RRNO-Research GmbH Dispositif de traitement d'une matiere fibreuse avec un liant de poussiere, un procede correspondant et un liant de poussiere

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4620291A1 (fr) * 2024-03-20 2025-09-24 RRNO-Research GmbH Dispositif de traitement d'une matiere fibreuse avec un liant de poussiere, un procede correspondant et un liant de poussiere
WO2025196007A1 (fr) * 2024-03-20 2025-09-25 RRNO-Research GmbH Appareil de traitement d'un matériau fibreux avec un agent de liaison à la poussière, procédé correspondant et agent de liaison à la poussière

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