WO2020157779A1 - Générateur d'énergie mécanique actionné par des gaz produits par un ensemble de combustion interne - Google Patents

Générateur d'énergie mécanique actionné par des gaz produits par un ensemble de combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020157779A1
WO2020157779A1 PCT/IT2020/050007 IT2020050007W WO2020157779A1 WO 2020157779 A1 WO2020157779 A1 WO 2020157779A1 IT 2020050007 W IT2020050007 W IT 2020050007W WO 2020157779 A1 WO2020157779 A1 WO 2020157779A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
mechanical energy
energy generator
generator according
water
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Ceased
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PCT/IT2020/050007
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English (en)
Inventor
Giovanni Corsani
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from IT102019000001213A external-priority patent/IT201900001213A1/it
Priority claimed from IT102019000012399A external-priority patent/IT201900012399A1/it
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2020157779A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020157779A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/344—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the sector of engines used for generating mechanical energy starting from fuels of different kinds and natures.
  • the present invention belongs to the sector of engines that combine an internal combustion set, such as a piston reciprocating engine powered by a compressor driven by its own driving shaft, with a turbine driven by gases of different natures, whose pressure and/or temperature conditions are raised thanks to the action of the combustion set, which transforms the chemical energy of the fuel into mechanical and thermal energy.
  • an internal combustion set such as a piston reciprocating engine powered by a compressor driven by its own driving shaft
  • a turbine driven by gases of different natures whose pressure and/or temperature conditions are raised thanks to the action of the combustion set, which transforms the chemical energy of the fuel into mechanical and thermal energy.
  • the invention belongs to the sector of engine groups for automotive applications and, more generally, for use on land and marine vehicles.
  • Energy saving does not necessarily mean less consumption of energy, but also less waste, i.e. a greater efficiency in transformations and in recoveries between the different forms of energy.
  • Turboexpansion an innovative technology, recovers that part of the energy which is usually dissipated; a turboexpander is a machinery that recovers the potential and kinetic energy dissipated in traditional systems by the gas pressure reduction phenomenon.
  • Such energy can be recovered by making said gas expand in a turbine capable of generating mechanical power, preferably one having a radial inlet and an axial outlet, but also in turbomachineries of other type such as, for example, a pneumatic engine.
  • Environmental impact is minimized, thanks to the fact that no consumption of valuable fuels is required for producing high temperatures.
  • turbomachinery we mean, in a wide sense, any engines capable of making the thermodynamic energy owned by a moving fluid, such as, for example, a turbine pneumatic engine, available at its own shaft, in the form of mechanical energy.
  • a first object of the present invention is thus to provide a propeller set that is capable of producing mechanical energy by way of an endothermic engine, typically an Otto- or diesel-cycle one, but also Wankel engines or other types of engines, and a turbomachinery driven by the exhausted gases of the engine and by the steam generated by the excess heat subtracted from the engine itself.
  • an endothermic engine typically an Otto- or diesel-cycle one, but also Wankel engines or other types of engines
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a propeller set featuring a high thermal yield, by exploiting the chemical energy of the fuel over a temperature range much wider than that of the prior art systems. It is worth pointing out that the fuel used can be either fossil or not fossil .
  • a last but not least object of the present invention is to provide a propeller set that is environmentally friendly and features a low pollution level.
  • a device that, in one of its possible embodiments, comprises a thermal set, typically but not exclusively a reciprocating endothermic engine, preferably a two-stroke one, which drives a compressor by means of which the same engine receives comburent air at a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure, the engine and the compressor comprise a cooling system using a fluid, such as, for example, water or diathermic oil.
  • a thermal set typically but not exclusively a reciprocating endothermic engine, preferably a two-stroke one, which drives a compressor by means of which the same engine receives comburent air at a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure
  • the engine and the compressor comprise a cooling system using a fluid, such as, for example, water or diathermic oil.
  • the thermal set is capable of generating mechanical energy, or not, but, in any case, it transfers at least part of the combustion energy to the coolant and to its own exhausted gases; the latter are collected in a high temperature mixer where they mix with steam obtained thanks to the heat subtracted by the coolant from the thermal set; the hot mixture formed of exhausted gases and steam is then used for producing mechanical energy, by making it expand by way of a turboexpander or a pneumatic engine.
  • Steam can be produced directly by the thermal set, should it be water cooled, or via a heat exchanger; the latter is necessary whenever the fluid used for cooling is not water but, for example, diathermic oil.
  • water or coolant are used with the purpose of subtracting the excess heat which, otherwise, would be dissipated in the atmosphere, and creating, instead, steam to be taken advantage of in the turbomachinery.
  • An advantage is in that the temperature reached by the gases during a combustion with pressurized comburent air is in the order of 2400 °C, and in that said temperature progressively decreases down to approximately 200 °C at the output from the turbomachinery, all of this taking place without any need for dispersing heat by way of heat disposal systems such as radiating fins, water-cooled jackets or the like; or better still, further advantages are obtainable by completely insulating the engine, in order to reduce heat dispersions as much as possible.
  • the residual heat present in the gases output from the turbomachinery can also be used for pre-heating water or coolant and consequently increasing steam production.
  • a further advantage is in that energy is transferred from the engine to the turbomachinery associated with a hot gas stream, hence without any need for using transmissions of a mechanical type.
  • cold water we mean water at ambient temperature or, in any case, at a temperature lower that the temperature of the thermal set .
  • the engine can be implemented in a configuration comprising a cylindrical stator which accommodates, internally thereto, an also cylindrical rotor, from the outer lateral surface of which blades protrude, whose distal ends touch the inner lateral surface of the stator which they brush against .
  • such blades are slidingly coupled with the rotor and are pushed outwardly by the action of elastic thrust means, such as for instance springs, so that their distal ends touch the inner lateral surface of the stator; preferably these blades run radially.
  • elastic thrust means such as for instance springs
  • the rotor performs a rototranslatory motion with respect to the stator, i.e. the center of the rotor moves along a circumference that is coaxial with the axis of stator; in this case, the gas inlet and outlet ports, which are placed on the base walls of the stator, are opened and closed by the base walls of the rotor during the rototranslatory motion of the latter.
  • the engine cycle is a two-stroke one, be it an Otto cycle or a diesel cycle; depending on the selected embodiment, spark-fired devices used for igniting the mixture and/or injectors might be located along the inner lateral surface of the stator.
  • the number of blades and other devices might vary as a function of the constructive solution adopted.
  • FIG. 1 shows a general schematic diagram of an embodiment of the mechanical energy generator according to the present invention. The figure shows:
  • FIG. 2 shows a general schematic diagram of a further embodiment of the generator comprising a low temperature heat exchanger (10), where the pipe (7) delivers the coolant (F) output from the engine (2) in order to pre-heat the water input to the medium temperature exchanger (6) .
  • FIG. 3 shows a general schematic diagram of a particularly complete embodiment of the generator, wherein the heat exchanger (6) is a two-stage exchanger, comprising a hot circuit (6a) and a cold circuit (6b) .
  • the figure also shows a three-way mixer (21) which receives a mixture of water and steam, conveyed by the pipe (7), and regulates its flow rate and conveys it toward the high temperature mixer (3), via a pipe (7a), and toward said hot circuit (6a) of said heat exchanger (6), via a pipe (20) .
  • the figure also shows a five way mixer (18) which receives: the water mixed with steam expelled from said hot circuit (6a) of said heat exchanger (6) via a pipe (8), the partially heated water expelled from said cold circuit (6b) via a pipe (19), and cold water input from a feeding pipe (17); said five-way mixer (18) regulates such input flows and convey them toward said pipe (22) and toward said high temperature mixer (3) via the pipe (23) .
  • Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 show cross-sectional views of a possible embodiment of the engine (2), implemented in a configuration comprising a cylindrical stator (211) accommodating internally thereto an also cylindrical rotor (212) .
  • the figures show the stator (211) which accommodates internally thereto the rotor (212), from the outer lateral surface of which four blades (213) are made slidingly protrude by the action of elastic thrust means (214), schematically shown in the form of cylindrical springs, which hold their distal ends in contact with the inner lateral surface of the stator (211); the figures also show, for explanatory purposes only, an exhaust port (215), which is shown in dashed lines because derived on the non-visible base of the stator cylinder, and an inlet port (216), on the visible base of the stator cylinder.
  • the figures also schematically show, on the inner lateral surface of the stator cylinder, devices (217) which, depending on the actual embodiment, symbolically represent fuel ignition and/or injection means. All figures show the center of the rotor (212) and the circumference representing its trajectory.
  • the innovative solution according to the present patent application is designed to exploit the exhausted gases (E) of a thermal set, mixed with the steam generated thanks to the excess heat generated by combustion, in order to feed a turbomachinery (4) intended for producing mechanical energy.
  • the production of mechanical energy performed by the turbomachinery can be supplemented, or not, by production of mechanical energy by the thermal set .
  • the complete thermal set aims at exploiting the thermal energy in excess for producing steam.
  • such thermal set comprises an internal combustion engine (2), fed with a fuel (C) and comburent air (A) .
  • the endothermic engine (2) comprises a cooling system (15) wherein a coolant (F) removes heat and yields it to inside a low temperature exchanger (10); advantageously, but not mandatorily, the coolant (F) is water, but it might also be diathermic oil or even another fluid.
  • the coolant (F) leaves the exchanger (10), after being cooled down, via a pipe (22) to cool the engine (2) again.
  • the engine (2) might comprise a boosting device (1), if any, such as for instance a compressor, and even an intermediate cooling exchanger (5), if any; however, the coolant used to cool these further devices is in any case conveyed in the exchanger (10) via a feed manifold which is schematically represented by a pipe (7) in the drawings; likewise, a number of branches depart from the delivery pipe (22) to supply the coolant to the engine (2), to the compressor (1), if any, and to the intermediate exchanger (5), if any.
  • a boosting device (1) if any
  • the intermediate cooling exchanger (5) if any
  • the coolant used to cool these further devices is in any case conveyed in the exchanger (10) via a feed manifold which is schematically represented by a pipe (7) in the drawings; likewise, a number of branches depart from the delivery pipe (22) to supply the coolant to the engine (2), to the compressor (1), if any, and to the intermediate exchanger (5), if any.
  • the coolant (F) after removing heat from the engine (2) and from the other devices, if any, such as the compressor (1) and the intermediate exchanger (5), is input to a high temperature mixer (3), where it mixes with the exhausted gases (E) coming from the engine (2); the exhausted gases cause the coolant (F) to vaporize and mix therewith.
  • a more complete embodiment, illustrated in figure 2, comprises a low temperature exchanger (10), internally to which the heated coolant (F) yields its own heat to water, which subsequently enters the medium temperature exchanger (6), wherein it is further heated by the exhausted gases (M) of the turbomachinery (4) .
  • the water pre-heated in the low temperature exchanger (10) increases its own temperature above 100 °C and begins evaporating; the mixture of water and steam output from the medium temperature exchanger (6) is transferred to inside the high temperature mixer (3), where the exhausted gases (E) produced by the engine (2) are also conveyed.
  • the exhausted gases (E) coming from the engine (2) mix with the water and steam output from the medium temperature exchanger (6), thus forming a high temperature gaseous mixture which expands and drives the turbomachinery (4); the latter generates mechanical energy.
  • the mixture (M) of exhausted gases and steam, expelled by the turbomachinery (4), is conveyed to the medium temperature heat exchanger (6), fed with water previously pre-heated inside the low temperature heat exchanger (10) .
  • the medium temperature heat exchanger (6) which usually receives water from an external water source, might advantageously be connected to a filtering system (9); the latter collects and purifies the water obtained by condensation from the mixture (M) of exhausted gases and steam expelled by the turbomachinery (4) cooling down.
  • the high temperature mixer (3) might advantageously be connected to a water source, in order to be able to enrich the mixture of exhausted gases and steam conveyed by the pipe (7) with further water, if need be.
  • the condensed water expelled by the heat exchanger (6) might be delivered to the high temperature mixer (3) .
  • the engine (2) is fed with comburent air (A) pressurized by a compressor (1), preferably a rotary compressor, driven by the shaft (12) of the engine (2) itself, by way of appropriate transmission of motion systems of known types.
  • a compressor (1) preferably a rotary compressor
  • the compressor (1) is provided with a cooling system (14), also connected to the pipe (22) from which it receives cold water. Thanks to such cooling system (14), part of the heat produced by the compressor (1) is yielded to the cold water conveyed by the pipe (22), the latter gets hotter and at least partially transforms into steam, in order for it to be subsequently input to the pipe (7) .
  • the pressurized comburent air (A) before reaching the engine (2), is sent to an intermediate cooling exchanger (5), connected to the pipe (22) from which it receives cold water, and to the pipe (7), wherein it delivers hot water and steam obtained thanks to the heat transferred from the heated air output from the compressor (1) .
  • said heat exchanger (6) is a two-stage exchanger comprising a hot circuit (6a) and a cold circuit (6b) .
  • the device in accordance with the present invention comprises a three-way mixer (21) which receives the mixture of water and steam conveyed by the pipe (7) and regulates its flow rate, and conveys it to the high temperature mixer (3), via a pipe (7a), and to said hot circuit (6a) of said heat exchanger (6), via a pipe (20) .
  • the device according to the invention can further comprise a five-way mixer (18) which receives: the water mixed with steam expelled by said hot circuit (6a) of said heat exchanger (6) via a pipe (8), the partially heated water expelled by said cold circuit (6b) via a pipe (19), and cold water input from a feed pipe (17); said five-way mixer (18) regulates such input streams and conveys them toward said pipe (22) and toward said high temperature mixer (3) via a pipe (23) .
  • a five-way mixer (18) which receives: the water mixed with steam expelled by said hot circuit (6a) of said heat exchanger (6) via a pipe (8), the partially heated water expelled by said cold circuit (6b) via a pipe (19), and cold water input from a feed pipe (17); said five-way mixer (18) regulates such input streams and conveys them toward said pipe (22) and toward said high temperature mixer (3) via a pipe (23) .
  • the turbomachinery (4) driven by the mixture of exhausted gases (E) , heated water and steam can be of different types, for example it might be a pneumatic engine.
  • the cylindrical rotor (212) rototranslates with respect to the stator (211), in that the axis of symmetry of the rotor (212) describes, in its movement, a cylindrical surface, so that the different directrices of the outer lateral surface of the rotor (212) progressively brush against the directrices of the inner lateral surface of the stator (211) .
  • the blades (213) slidingly protrude from the rotor (212), preferably in a radial direction, and are pushed outwardly by the action of said elastic thrust means (214) . It is worth pointing out that in the figures the engine (2) has been schematically shown as not having a propeller shaft, in that the presence of the latter depends on the specific configuration of the mechanical energy generator according to the present invention, without any prejudice to the inventive concept.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif générateur d'énergie mécanique comprenant un ensemble thermique dont les gaz évacués sont mélangés à la vapeur obtenue grâce à l'excès de chaleur soustrait de l'ensemble thermique, afin d'alimenter une turbomachine destinée à produire de l'énergie mécanique.
PCT/IT2020/050007 2019-01-28 2020-01-23 Générateur d'énergie mécanique actionné par des gaz produits par un ensemble de combustion interne Ceased WO2020157779A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102019000001213 2019-01-28
IT102019000001213A IT201900001213A1 (it) 2019-01-28 2019-01-28 Gruppo propulsore con motore endotermico, con uno stadio di compressione all’alimentazione e un turboespansore allo scarico
IT102019000012399A IT201900012399A1 (it) 2019-07-19 2019-07-19 Generatore di energia meccanica azionato dai gas prodotti da un gruppo a combustione interna
IT102019000012399 2019-07-19

Publications (1)

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WO2020157779A1 true WO2020157779A1 (fr) 2020-08-06

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PCT/IT2020/050007 Ceased WO2020157779A1 (fr) 2019-01-28 2020-01-23 Générateur d'énergie mécanique actionné par des gaz produits par un ensemble de combustion interne

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007049366A1 (de) * 2007-10-07 2009-04-09 Bernd Hille Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Gewinnung von mechanischer Energie aus heißen Gasströmen insbesondere eines Verbrennungsmotors
WO2009086187A2 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-09 Green Partners Technology Holdings Gmbh Systèmes de moteur à piston et procédés pour moteur à piston
EP2803834A1 (fr) * 2013-03-27 2014-11-19 Scania CV AB Agencement pour la récupération de l'énergie thermique de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion
CN105756714A (zh) * 2015-12-21 2016-07-13 刘焕营 一种滑片式汽动转子发动机
GB2541018A (en) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-08 Joseph George An energy recovery apparatus and an internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007049366A1 (de) * 2007-10-07 2009-04-09 Bernd Hille Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Gewinnung von mechanischer Energie aus heißen Gasströmen insbesondere eines Verbrennungsmotors
WO2009086187A2 (fr) * 2007-12-21 2009-07-09 Green Partners Technology Holdings Gmbh Systèmes de moteur à piston et procédés pour moteur à piston
EP2803834A1 (fr) * 2013-03-27 2014-11-19 Scania CV AB Agencement pour la récupération de l'énergie thermique de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion
GB2541018A (en) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-08 Joseph George An energy recovery apparatus and an internal combustion engine
CN105756714A (zh) * 2015-12-21 2016-07-13 刘焕营 一种滑片式汽动转子发动机

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