WO2020170480A1 - Procédé d'assemblage et procédé de fabrication d'un matériau laminé composite - Google Patents

Procédé d'assemblage et procédé de fabrication d'un matériau laminé composite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020170480A1
WO2020170480A1 PCT/JP2019/033104 JP2019033104W WO2020170480A1 WO 2020170480 A1 WO2020170480 A1 WO 2020170480A1 JP 2019033104 W JP2019033104 W JP 2019033104W WO 2020170480 A1 WO2020170480 A1 WO 2020170480A1
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Prior art keywords
metal member
pin
side pin
end side
joining
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2019/033104
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
堀　久司
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Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
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Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201980088916.8A priority Critical patent/CN113286676B/zh
Publication of WO2020170480A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020170480A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a joining method and a method for manufacturing a composite rolled material.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of friction stir welding metal members made of different materials with a rotary tool.
  • the present invention is a joining method for joining a pair of metal members made of different materials using a rotary tool including a base end side pin and a tip end side pin, the base end side pin Taper angle of the tip side pin is larger than the taper angle of the tip side pin, the stepped pin step portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin, and the end face having a vertical surface is formed.
  • a preparatory step of preparing one metal member and a second metal member having an inclined surface at an end and having a higher melting point and a smaller plate thickness than the first metal member, the first metal member and the second metal member A butting step of abutting end portions of the butt with each other to form a butt portion having a V-shaped gap, and inserting the rotating front end side pin only from the surface of the first metal member, and the base end side pin. While contacting the outer peripheral surface of the first metal member with the outer peripheral surface of the distal end side pin, at least the first metal member is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin, while the first metal member flows into the gap.
  • a joining step of joining the first metal member and the second metal member by moving the rotary tool relative to each other.
  • the present invention is a method for manufacturing a composite rolled material formed of a pair of metallic materials of different materials using a rotary tool having a base end side pin and a tip end side pin, wherein the base end side taper is tapered.
  • the angle is larger than the taper angle of the tip side pin, the stepped pin step portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin, and the first metal having a vertical surface at the end portion.
  • a member a preparation step of preparing a second metal member having an inclined surface at the end and having a higher melting point and a smaller plate thickness than the first metal member, and the first metal member and the second metal member A butting step of butting the ends together to form a butting part having a V-shaped gap, and inserting the rotating tip side pin only from the surface of the first metal member, and the outer circumference of the base side pin. While the surface is in contact with the first metal member and the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin is in contact with at least the first metal member, the first metal member is caused to flow into the gap along the abutting portion. And a relative joining process for joining the first metal member and the second metal member by relatively moving with the rotary tool, and the metal members joined in the joining process are rolled with the joining line as the rolling direction. And a rolling step.
  • the preparation process becomes easy. Further, since the two metal members are butted with each other with the V-shaped gap provided, high accuracy is not required and the butting process can be easily performed. Further, for example, if the tip side pin of the rotary tool is inserted so as to contact only the first metal member, the joining condition can be adjusted according to the first metal member having a low softening temperature, and the heat input amount can be suppressed. You can Therefore, it is possible to prevent the first metal member from being significantly softened and excessively generated burr, and it is possible to prevent defective bonding due to insufficient metal. Further, since the friction stirring is performed while the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin is in contact with the first metal member, it is possible to further suppress the generation of burrs.
  • the first metal member and the second metal member are abutted with the back surfaces of the first metal member and the second metal member flush with each other.
  • the back surfaces of the metal members can be flush with each other.
  • the back surface of the first metal member is positioned lower than the back surface of the second metal member, and the surface of the first metal member is positioned higher than the surface of the second metal member.
  • the first metal member and the second metal member are attached to each other, and in the joining step, the tip side pin is inserted so that the tip of the stirring pin is located below the height of the back surface of the second metal member. It is preferable to set the depth.
  • friction stirring can be performed over the entire depth direction of the second metal member.
  • the rotation tool is rotated so that the second metal member side is the shear side and the first metal member side is the flow side in the plasticized region formed on the movement trajectory of the rotation tool. It is preferable to set the direction and the traveling direction.
  • the temperature of the first metal member at the abutting portion decreases, mutual diffusion at the interface between different metals is not promoted, and bonding failure occurs. May be.
  • the temperature of the first metal member at the abutting portion can be kept relatively high, which is different. Mutual diffusion at the interface between metals is promoted, and it is possible to prevent poor bonding.
  • the shear side is the side where the relative speed of the outer circumference of the rotary tool with respect to the joint is a value obtained by adding the magnitude of the moving speed to the magnitude of the tangential velocity on the outer circumference of the rotary tool.
  • the flow side is a side where the relative speed of the outer circumference of the rotary tool with respect to the joint is a value obtained by subtracting the magnitude of the moving speed from the magnitude of the tangential speed on the outer circumference of the rotary tool.
  • the first metal member is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy
  • the second metal member is formed of copper or a copper alloy
  • the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin is formed as described above. The rotating tool along the abutting portion while allowing the first metal member to flow into the gap while contacting only the first metal member with the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin not contacting the second metal member. It is preferable that the first metal member and the second metal member are joined by relatively moving.
  • the rotary tool is rotated clockwise to the tip side of the rotary tool.
  • a clockwise spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the pin from the base end toward the tip, it is preferable to rotate the rotary tool counterclockwise.
  • the plasticized metal is guided to the spiral groove and flows to the tip side of the rotary tool, so that the occurrence of burrs can be suppressed.
  • the rotary tool is a tool used for friction stir welding.
  • the rotary tool F is formed of, for example, tool steel, and mainly includes a base shaft portion F1, a base end side pin F2, and a tip end side pin F3.
  • the base shaft portion F1 has a cylindrical shape and is a portion connected to the main shaft of the friction stirrer.
  • the base end side pin F2 is continuous with the base shaft part F1 and tapers toward the tip.
  • the proximal pin F2 has a truncated cone shape.
  • the taper angle A of the proximal pin F2 may be set appropriately, but is, for example, 135 to 160°. When the taper angle A is less than 135° or exceeds 160°, the joint surface roughness after frictional stirring becomes large.
  • the taper angle A is larger than the taper angle B of the tip side pin F3 described later.
  • a stepped pin stepped portion F21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin F2 over the entire height direction.
  • the pin step portion F21 is formed in a spiral shape in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.
  • the pin step portion F21 has a spiral shape in a plan view and a step shape in a side view.
  • the pin step portion F21 is set counterclockwise from the base end side toward the tip end side.
  • the pin step portion F21 includes a step bottom surface F21a and a step side surface F21b.
  • the distance X1 (horizontal direction distance) between the vertices F21c and F21c of the adjacent pin step portions F21 is appropriately set according to the step angle C and the height Y1 of the step side face F21b described later.
  • the height Y1 of the step side face F21b may be set appropriately, but is set to 0.1 to 0.4 mm, for example. If the height Y1 is less than 0.1 mm, the joint surface roughness becomes large. On the other hand, when the height Y1 exceeds 0.4 mm, the joint surface roughness tends to increase, and the number of effective step portions (the number of pin step portions F21 in contact with the metal member to be joined) also decreases.
  • the step angle C formed by the step bottom surface F21a and the step side surface F21b may be set appropriately, but is set to 85 to 120°, for example.
  • the step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane in the present embodiment.
  • the step bottom surface F21a may be inclined in the range of ⁇ 5° to 15° with respect to the horizontal plane from the rotation axis of the tool toward the outer peripheral direction (minus is downward with respect to the horizontal plane, plus is with respect to the horizontal plane).
  • the distance X1, the height Y1 of the step side face F21b, the step angle C, and the angle of the step bottom face F21a with respect to the horizontal plane are set such that the plastic fluid material does not stay inside the pin step portion F21 and adhere to the outside during friction stirring. It is properly set so that the joint surface roughness can be reduced by pressing the plastic fluid material at the bottom surface F21a of the step while the joint surface roughness is reduced.
  • the tip side pin F3 is formed continuously with the base side pin F2.
  • the tip side pin F3 has a truncated cone shape.
  • the tip of the tip side pin F3 is a flat surface F4 perpendicular to the rotation axis.
  • the taper angle B of the tip end side pin F3 is smaller than the taper angle A of the base end side pin F2.
  • a spiral groove F31 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin F3.
  • the spiral groove F31 may be clockwise or counterclockwise, but in the present embodiment, the spiral groove F31 is engraved counterclockwise from the base end side to the tip end side in order to rotate the rotary tool F clockwise.
  • the spiral groove F31 includes a spiral bottom surface F31a and a spiral side surface F31b.
  • the distance (horizontal distance) between the vertices F31c and F31c of the adjacent spiral grooves F31 is defined as the length X2.
  • the height of the spiral side surface F31b is defined as the height Y2.
  • the spiral angle D formed by the spiral bottom surface F31a and the spiral side surface F31b is, for example, 45 to 90°.
  • the spiral groove F31 has a role of increasing frictional heat by coming into contact with the metal member to be joined and guiding the plastic fluid material to the tip side.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view showing a first modification of the rotary tool of the present invention.
  • the step angle C formed by the step bottom surface F21a of the pin step portion F21 and the step side surface F21b is 85°.
  • the step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • the step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the step angle C may be an acute angle within a range in which the plastic fluid material stays in the pin step portion F21 during frictional stirring and is discharged to the outside without adhering. ..
  • FIG. 4 is a side view showing a second modification of the rotary tool of the present invention.
  • the step angle C of the pin step portion F21 is 115°.
  • the step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • the step bottom surface F21a may be parallel to the horizontal plane, and the step angle C may be an obtuse angle within the range of functioning as the pin step portion F21.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view showing a third modified example of the rotary tool of the present invention.
  • the step bottom surface F21a is inclined upward by 10° with respect to the horizontal plane from the rotation axis of the tool toward the outer peripheral direction.
  • the step side face F21b is parallel to the vertical plane.
  • the step bottom surface F21a may be formed so as to incline upward from the horizontal plane toward the outer peripheral direction from the rotation axis of the tool as long as the plastic fluid material can be pressed during the friction stirring.
  • the first to third modified examples of the above rotary tool can also achieve the same effects as the following embodiments.
  • the method for manufacturing the composite rolled material according to the present embodiment is to obtain a composite rolled material by joining a pair of metal members with a rotary tool F and then rolling.
  • the surface opposite to the "back surface” is referred to as "front surface”.
  • the first metal member 1 has a plate shape.
  • the end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 is a vertical surface perpendicular to the front surface 1b and the back surface 1c.
  • the first metal member 1 is formed of an aluminum alloy in this embodiment, it may be formed of a friction stirrable metal material such as aluminum, copper, a copper alloy, titanium, a titanium alloy, magnesium, or a magnesium alloy.
  • the second metal member 2 has a plate shape.
  • the plate thickness of the second metal member 2 is smaller than the plate thickness of the first metal member 1.
  • the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 is an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the vertical plane.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the end surface 2a may be set as appropriate, but in the present embodiment, it is the same as the inclination angle ⁇ of the tip side pin F3.
  • the second metal member 2 has a melting point higher than that of the first metal member 1 and is made of a friction stirrable material.
  • the second metal member 2 may be formed of copper or a copper alloy, for example.
  • the composite rolled material manufacturing method includes a preparation step, a butting step, a joining step, and a rolling step.
  • the joining method in the claims is a step of performing a preparation step, a butting step, and a joining step.
  • the preparation step is a step of preparing the first metal member 1, the second metal member 2 and the rotary tool F described above.
  • the abutting step is a step of abutting the ends of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 with each other, as shown in FIG.
  • the abutting portion J is formed by abutting the end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 and the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2.
  • a gap having a V-shaped cross section is formed in the abutting portion J so that the opening widens toward the surfaces 1b and 2b.
  • the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 and the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are flush with each other.
  • the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are immovably fixed to the pedestal K.
  • the joining step is a step of joining the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 using the rotary tool F.
  • the tip side of the rotary tool F is located at the start position Sp set on the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and near the abutting portion J. Insert pin F3.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the base end pin F2 is brought into contact with only the first metal member 1 while the outer peripheral surface of the tip end pin F3 is not brought into contact with the second metal member 2.
  • the second metal member 2 side (the side close to the butting portion J) becomes the shear side
  • the first metal member 1 side (the side apart from the butting portion J) becomes the flow side.
  • the first metal member 1 is arranged so as to be located on the right side in the traveling direction, and the rotary tool F is rotated clockwise.
  • the rotation tool F is rotated counterclockwise, so that the second metal member 2 side (the side closer to the abutting portion J) in the plasticizing region W is rotated. ) Is the sheer side.
  • the insertion depth of the proximal pin F2 may be set appropriately, but in the present embodiment, it is set to about 90% of the plate thickness of the first metal member 1.
  • the first metal and the second metal do not diffuse at the abutting portion J, and the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 do not diffuse. 2 cannot be firmly joined.
  • the rotating tool F and the second metal member 2 are brought into contact with each other and friction stir is performed in a state where the overlapping margin between the two is increased, the welding conditions are adjusted by softening the second metal member 2 in order to soften the second metal member 2. Needs to be increased, which may result in defective joints.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are slightly contacted to each other so that the first metal and the second metal are diffused and bonded to each other at the butt portion J, or Alternatively, it is preferable that the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are brought into close contact with each other without being brought into contact with each other.
  • the tip pin of the rotary tool F is joined in the joining step. It is preferable to join the outer peripheral surface of F3 and the second metal member 2 in a state where they are as close as possible without contacting each other.
  • the rolling process is a process of rolling the joined first metal member 1 and second metal member 2. As shown in FIG. 10, in the rolling process, cold rolling is performed using a rolling device equipped with rollers R and R. In the rolling step, the joining line (plasticized region W) in the joining step is set in the rolling direction and rolling is performed.
  • the composite rolled material 10 shown in FIG. 11 is formed.
  • the rolling reduction in the rolling step may be appropriately set according to the materials of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 and the use of the composite rolled material 10. As shown in FIG. 9, there is a difference in plate thickness between the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 after the joining process, but the difference is negligible after the rolling process shown in FIG. 11. Has been rolled into.
  • the first metal member 1 is easily formed. Can be prepared. Further, although the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 is an inclined surface, in the butting step, the butting work can be easily performed because the butting is performed with a gap having a V-shaped cross section. Further, the plate thickness of the first metal member 1 is made larger than the plate thickness of the second metal member 2, and the plastic flow material is caused to flow into the gap of the abutting portion J in the joining process, so that the metal shortage at the joining portion is prevented. be able to.
  • the conventional rotary tool 900 does not press the surface of the metal member 910 to be bonded by the shoulder portion, and therefore the stepped groove (the surface of the metal member to be bonded and the surface of the plasticized region is There is a problem in that the joint surface roughness becomes large as well as the concave groove formed by. Further, there is a problem that a bulging portion (a portion where the surface of the metal member to be joined swells as compared with that before joining) is formed beside the stepped groove. On the other hand, if the taper angle E2 of the rotary tool 901 is larger than the taper angle E1 of the rotary tool 900 as in the rotary tool 901 of FIG. Therefore, the stepped groove becomes smaller and the bulge also becomes smaller. However, since the downward plastic flow becomes strong, a kissing bond is likely to be formed below the plasticized region.
  • the rotary tool F of the present embodiment is configured to include the base end side pin F2 and the tip end side pin F3 having a taper angle smaller than the taper angle A of the base end side pin F2. This facilitates insertion of the rotary tool F into the first metal member 1. Moreover, since the taper angle B of the tip side pin F3 is small, the rotary tool F can be easily inserted to a deep position of the first metal member 1. Further, since the taper angle B of the tip side pin F3 is small, downward plastic flow can be suppressed as compared with the rotary tool 901. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the kissing bond from being formed below the plasticized region W1. On the other hand, since the taper angle A of the base end side pin F2 is large, compared to the conventional rotary tool, stable welding can be performed even if the thickness of the metal member to be welded or the welding height position changes.
  • the plastic fluid material can be pressed by the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin F2, it is possible to suppress the generation of burrs and prevent the joint from running out of metal.
  • the plastic fluid material can be pressed by the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin F2, the stepped groove formed on the joint surface can be made small and the bulging portion formed beside the stepped groove. Can be eliminated or reduced.
  • the stepped pin step portion F21 is shallow and has a wide outlet, the plastic fluid material is likely to come out of the pin step portion F21 while pressing the plastic fluid material with the step bottom face F21a.
  • the joint surface roughness can be reduced and the joint quality can be preferably stabilized.
  • the temperature of the first metal member 1 at the abutting portion J decreases, and mutual diffusion at the interface between different metals is not promoted. There is a risk of poor bonding. If the joining conditions are adjusted so as to increase the heat input, burrs may occur from the first metal member 1 side which is the shear side. However, as in the present embodiment, by setting the joining conditions (the rotation direction of the rotary tool F, the traveling direction, etc.) so that the side of the second metal member 2 having the higher melting point in the plasticized region W becomes the shear side. The temperature of the first metal member 1 at the abutting portion J can be maintained at a relatively high temperature, mutual diffusion at the interface between different metals can be promoted, and joint failure can be prevented.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F may be slightly contacted with the second metal member 2, but in the present embodiment, the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are set so as not to contact each other, and thus the materials are different. It is possible to prevent the metal members from being stirred.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ (see FIG. 1) of the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin F3 and the inclination angle ⁇ (see FIG. 3) of the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 are the same angle.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ and the inclination angle ⁇ may be set differently, but by setting the two to be the same, the distance between the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 can be easily set. That is, it is easy to bring the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 closer to each other without contacting each other.
  • a joining method (method for manufacturing a composite rolled material) according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
  • the manufacturing method of the composite rolled material according to the present embodiment includes a preparation step, a butting step, a joining step, and a rolling step.
  • a stepped stand KA is prepared in the preparation step.
  • the step mount KA has a bottom portion K1, a bottom portion K2 located at a position higher than the bottom portion K1, and a step side surface K3.
  • the ends of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are butted.
  • the first metal member 1 is arranged on the bottom portion K1, and the end face 1a of the first metal member 1 is brought into contact with the step side face K3.
  • the abutting portion J is formed by abutting the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2.
  • a gap having a V-shaped cross section is formed in the abutting portion J1 as in the first embodiment.
  • the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 is located higher than the surface 2b of the second metal member 2, and the second metal member is also located.
  • the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 is at a lower position than the back surface 2c of No. 2.
  • the joining step is a step of joining the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 using the rotary tool F as shown in FIG.
  • friction stirring is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. That is, while rotating the proximal pin F2 of the rotary tool F, the rotary tool F is inserted at the start position set on the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and near the abutting portion J. Then, the rotary tool F is relatively moved in parallel with the extension direction of the abutting portion J. The rotating tool F may slightly contact the second metal member 2, but in the present embodiment, the friction stir is performed in a state of contacting only the first metal member 1. A plasticized region W is formed on the movement trajectory of the rotary tool F.
  • friction stir welding is mainly performed so that the plastic fluid material on the first metal member 1 side flows into the gap of the abutting portion J.
  • the base end side pin F2 is inserted so that the tip end (flat surface F4) of the base end side pin F2 of the rotary tool F is located below the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2. Set the depth.
  • the rolling process is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the friction stir welding is performed with the proximal end side pin F2 inserted at a position deeper than the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2, so that the second metal member is used. It becomes possible to join the entire No. 2 in the plate thickness direction (see FIG. 16). Thereby, the bonding strength between the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 can be increased.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

Selon la présente invention, lors d'une étape d'assemblage, une broche rotative du côté de l'extrémité distale (F3) est insérée à partir d'une seule surface (1b) d'un premier élément métallique (1), et dans un état dans lequel la surface périphérique externe de la broche du côté de l'extrémité distale (F3) est mise en contact avec le premier élément métallique (1) tandis que la surface périphérique externe d'une broche du côté de l'extrémité de base (F2) est mise en contact avec le premier élément métallique (1), le premier élément métallique (1) est amené à se déplacer relativement par l'outil rotatif (F) le long d'une partie de butée (J) tout en étant amené à s'écouler dans un espace dans la partie de butée (J), joignant ainsi le premier élément métallique (1) et un second élément métallique (2).
PCT/JP2019/033104 2019-02-21 2019-08-23 Procédé d'assemblage et procédé de fabrication d'un matériau laminé composite Ceased WO2020170480A1 (fr)

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JP2019029031A JP2020131246A (ja) 2019-02-21 2019-02-21 接合方法及び複合圧延材の製造方法
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JP2017070994A (ja) * 2015-10-09 2017-04-13 株式会社Uacj 摩擦攪拌接合用工具及び摩擦攪拌接合方法
WO2018193639A1 (fr) * 2017-04-18 2018-10-25 日本軽金属株式会社 Procédé de fabrication d'une chemise refroidie par liquide
WO2019008785A1 (fr) * 2017-07-03 2019-01-10 日本軽金属株式会社 Outil rotatif et procédé d'assemblage

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