WO2020209665A1 - Système d'assurance de qualité d'isocentre de rayonnement et procédé de diagnostic et appareil de traitement utilisant un rayonnement - Google Patents

Système d'assurance de qualité d'isocentre de rayonnement et procédé de diagnostic et appareil de traitement utilisant un rayonnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020209665A1
WO2020209665A1 PCT/KR2020/004894 KR2020004894W WO2020209665A1 WO 2020209665 A1 WO2020209665 A1 WO 2020209665A1 KR 2020004894 W KR2020004894 W KR 2020004894W WO 2020209665 A1 WO2020209665 A1 WO 2020209665A1
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Prior art keywords
radiation
center point
pair
module
gantry
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Ceased
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PCT/KR2020/004894
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
한영이
조광현
천원중
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Samsung Life Public Welfare Foundation
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Samsung Life Public Welfare Foundation
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/58—Testing, adjusting or calibrating thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/40—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4275—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis using a detector unit almost surrounding the patient, e.g. more than 180°
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/54—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a system and method for quality assurance of a radiation isocenter of a diagnostic and treatment apparatus using radiation, and in particular, independently from various sub-devices constituting a radiation treatment room, and three-dimensional As a result, it relates to a system and method for quality assurance of a radiation center point to obtain a radiation center point.
  • the quality assurance of the radiation center point as described above can be performed using, for example, a radiation-reactive film, but the conventional method cannot measure the radiation center point existing in the three-dimensional space, and There is a problem of measuring only.
  • the method of measuring the radiation center point using an imaging device attached to a radiation treatment device is affected by the alignment of the imaging device itself, and cannot measure the radiation center point itself of an independent radiation treatment device. There is this. That is, when an imaging device attached to a radiation treatment device is used, only the radiation center point of the coordinate system of the imaging device is measured, and it is difficult to measure the radiation center point independently existing in the three-dimensional treatment room space.
  • the present invention has been conceived to solve various problems including the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for quality assurance of a radiation center point capable of measuring a radiation center point in a three-dimensional shape independent of a peripheral device. To do.
  • these problems are exemplary, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
  • a quality assurance system of a radiation center point of a diagnosis and treatment apparatus using radiation includes: a gantry having a space spaced apart from a rotation axis and rotatable about the rotation axis; A radiation irradiation unit fixed to the gantry, rotatable together with the gantry, and irradiating radiation toward the rotation axis; A collimator that can be inserted into the irradiation unit; In order to measure the radiation center point of the radiation irradiated through the radiation irradiation unit, a pair of first radiation reactive members facing each other and parallel to each other at an upper surface and a lower surface, and a pair of parallel second radiation reactive members facing each other at the front and rear surfaces.
  • Center point measurement module A control unit controlling the rotation of the gantry and irradiation of radiation through the radiation irradiation unit; And a three-dimensional coordinate calculating unit for calculating the radiation center point from position information corresponding to the trace of radiation displayed on the first pair of radiation reactive members and the second pair of radiation reactive members, wherein the control unit fixes the gantry. And irradiating radiation to the first pair of radiation-reactive members while rotating the collimator, and irradiating the second pair of radiation-reactive members while fixing the collimator and rotating the gantry.
  • the center point measurement module includes: a first sub-module for obtaining a first center line of radiation irradiated while rotating the collimator; A second sub-module configured to obtain a second center line of the irradiated radiation while rotating the gantry; And a third sub-module used to align the initial setting state of the center point measurement module.
  • the first sub-module, the second sub-module, and the third sub-module have a cube shape having the same length of one side, and the center of the third sub-module is indicated on the surface of the third sub-module.
  • the crosshairs for printing are displayed, and the initial setting state may be a state in which a laser center point visually indicated by a laser beam and a center of the third sub-module coincide.
  • the center point measurement module includes: a pin for fixing the first pair of radiation reactive members and the second pair of radiation reactive members to the center point measurement module; And a marker that can be recognized by the camera; may further include.
  • the quality assurance system includes: an imaging device including a scanner or the camera for imaging a radiation trace displayed on the first pair of radiation reactive members and the second pair of radiation reactive members; And a two-dimensional radiation center obtaining unit configured to obtain a two-dimensional center of the radiation trace from a two-dimensional imaging result by an imaging device including the scanner or the camera, wherein the two-dimensional radiation center obtaining unit , It is possible to obtain a relative position of the two-dimensional center based on the position of the pin.
  • control unit when irradiating radiation to the first pair of radiation reactive members, fixes the gantry so that the radiation irradiation unit is positioned above the pair of first radiation reactive members, and designates the collimator. Radiation may be irradiated to the first pair of radiation reactive members while rotating at an angular interval.
  • control unit when irradiating radiation to the second pair of radiation reactive members, fixes the collimator so that a long rectangular shape, which is a cross-sectional shape of the radiation, is parallel to the rotation axis, and designates the gantry. Radiation may be irradiated to the second pair of radiation reactive members while rotating at an angular interval.
  • a quality assurance method of a radiation center point of a diagnosis and treatment apparatus using radiation is provided in an apparatus including a gantry rotatable about the rotation axis with a space spaced apart from the rotation axis. Inserting a collimator into a radiation irradiation unit that irradiates radiation; A center point measurement module including a first pair of radiation-reactive members facing each other at the top and bottom and parallel to each other at the center of the laser beam at the center of the gantry, and a pair of parallel second radiation-reactive members facing each other at the front and the rear.
  • the method includes imaging the radiation traces displayed on the first pair of radiation reactive members and the second pair of radiation reactive members using an imaging device including a scanner or a camera; And acquiring the positions of the two-dimensional centers of the radiation traces displayed on the first pair of radiation reactive members and the second pair of radiation reactive members from the imaged result.
  • the center point measurement module further comprises a pin for fixing the first pair of radiation reactive members and the second pair of radiation reactive members to the center point measurement module and a marker that can be recognized by a camera,
  • the method may further include projecting the positions of the two-dimensional centers of the radiation trace into a three-dimensional treatment room coordinate system using the position of the pin and the position of the marker.
  • the method further includes: calculating the coordinates of the center point of the radiation on the coordinate system of the 3D treatment room using the positions of the 2D centers of the radiation trace projected onto the coordinate system of the 3D treatment room.
  • a system and method for quality assurance of a radiation center point capable of measuring a radiation center point on a three-dimensional shape independent of a peripheral system.
  • quality assurance for the radiation center point can be performed more precisely.
  • center points of a plurality of sub-systems constituting a radiation treatment room can be independently obtained in a 3D coordinate system, and thus independent quality assurance can be performed on the plurality of center points.
  • Accurate quality assurance for the radiation focal point can reduce the margin in planning treatment of tumor tissue and minimize the amount of unplanned radiation delivered to normal tissue.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a system for quality assurance of a radiation center point of a radiation treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a center point measuring module 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the first sub-module 210 of the center point measuring module 200 shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the second sub-module 220 of the center point measuring module 200 shown in FIG. 2.
  • 5A and 5B are perspective and central cross-sectional views of the third sub-module 230 of the center point measuring module 200 shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a method of guaranteeing quality of a radiation center point of a radiation treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of the shape of the center point measuring module 200 that appears in the process of measuring the radiation center point according to FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 schematically shows a functional block of a system for quality assurance of a radiation center point according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 schematically shows a process of calculating a radiation center point according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a screen in which the positions of the two-dimensional radiation centers C11, C12, C21, and C22 are obtained from the imaging result 1000 of the radiation traces T11, T12, T21, and T22 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Shows an example.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a screen in which two-dimensional radiation centers C11, C12, C21, and C22 are projected on a coordinate system of a three-dimensional treatment room according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of a screen in which a radiation center point (RI) on a coordinate system of a 3D treatment room is calculated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • RI radiation center point
  • FIG. 13 is a graph for verifying quality assurance for a radiation center point (RI) on a 3D treatment room coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis used in the present specification are not limited to three axes on a Cartesian coordinate system, and may be interpreted in a broad sense including them.
  • the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis may be orthogonal to each other, but may refer to different directions that are not orthogonal to each other.
  • the radiation treatment apparatus described in the present specification includes a diagnosis and treatment apparatus using radiation.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a system for quality assurance of a radiation center point of a radiation treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the quality assurance system 10 of the radiation center point may be inserted into a radiation treatment apparatus 100 including a gantry 110 and a radiation irradiation unit 120, and a partial area of the radiation irradiation unit 120. It may include a collimator 130, a center point measurement module 200 used to measure the radiation center point. In addition, the quality assurance system 10 of the radiation center point may further include a camera unit 140, a bed unit 150, and a laser unit 160.
  • the gantry 110 is a device capable of rotating around a patient during radiation treatment.
  • the gantry 110 may be formed to have a cylindrical opening in the center as illustrated in FIG. 1, but is not limited thereto and may be implemented in various shapes capable of rotating around a patient.
  • the gantry 110 has an empty space by a predetermined distance from the rotation axis and is rotatable around the rotation axis.
  • the gantry 110 may rotate in the circumferential direction.
  • the empty space is required for the patient or bed unit 150 to be disposed.
  • the center point measurement module 200 may be disposed in the space.
  • a radiation irradiation unit 120 protruding toward the rotation center (or rotation axis) may be coupled to the gantry 110.
  • the radiation irradiation unit 120 may be coupled to the inner surface of the opening to protrude toward the rotation center of the gantry 110.
  • the radiation irradiation unit 120 may emit or irradiate radiation.
  • the radiation irradiation unit 120 is connected to an X-ray generator, a radiation isotope source, or a linear accelerator, or receives a high-energy particle ray beam generated from an incident accelerator installed outside the radiation treatment device 100. Can be released.
  • the radiation irradiation unit 120 is installed on the gantry 110 so as to protrude toward the rotation axis of the gantry 110 and is rotatable together with the gantry 110. Accordingly, as the gantry 110 rotates, the radiation irradiation unit 120 may irradiate the radiation toward the center of the gantry 110 (ie, the rotation axis).
  • the radiation irradiation unit 120 may irradiate the irradiated object while rotating around the object to be irradiated.
  • the radiation irradiated to the irradiated object may include X-rays, gamma rays, high-energy electrons, high-energy protons, or other high-energy particle rays.
  • the irradiated object becomes a patient, and when performing quality assurance of the radiation center point, the irradiated object may become the center point measuring module 200.
  • a collimator 130 may be mounted or inserted into the radiation irradiation unit 120.
  • the collimator 130 may be inserted in the front surface where the radiation is emitted from the radiation irradiation unit 120.
  • the collimator 130 is a mechanism for limiting the direction and diffusion of radiation, and may be made of, for example, a material that absorbs radiation.
  • the collimator 130 may be inserted into a distal end of the radiation irradiation unit 120, for example, a snout. When the collimator 130 is inserted, the radiation may be emitted through the collimator 130.
  • the collimator 130 may be designed, assembled, or configured to irradiate radiation in an elongated rectangular shape for measuring a radiation center point.
  • a slit may be inserted into the collimator 130.
  • the collimator 130 may be formed so that radiation passes only through a slit having a linear or elongated rectangular shape.
  • radiation may be irradiated through the slit to measure the radiation center point.
  • the collimator 130 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to including a slit.
  • the collimator 130 may include a multi-leaf collimator (MLC) so as to form radiation in an elongated rectangular shape.
  • MLC multi-leaf collimator
  • the collimator 130 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may use various methods to form radiation having an elongated rectangular shape.
  • the bed part 150 is a support on which the patient can lie down during radiation treatment.
  • the bed part 150 may enter an empty space formed at the center of rotation of the gantry 110. Accordingly, the bed portion 150 may be disposed substantially parallel to the rotation axis of the gantry 110, but is not limited thereto.
  • the bed portion 150 may move left and right and/or up and down, and may rotate so that radiation may be irradiated to the patient's affected area.
  • the center point measurement module 200 may be disposed on the bed part 150. However, it is not limited thereto.
  • the center point measurement module 200 may be supported on a narrow support from which the bed portion 150 is removed.
  • the radiation isocenter may mean a point at which radiations irradiated from various angles through the radiation irradiation unit 120 in the radiation treatment apparatus 100 are collected.
  • the radiation center point may mean a point defined in a 3D space by centerlines of beams irradiated at various angles in the 3D space.
  • the radiation center point may mean a point defined by intersections of radiation irradiated while rotating the gantry 110 and the collimator 130.
  • the radiation center point is defined as a single point in a three-dimensional space, but may not appear as a single point in actual situations. Therefore, precise quality assurance for these radiation center points is required.
  • the laser unit 160 may irradiate the laser beam LB toward an empty space formed at the center of rotation of the gantry 110.
  • the laser beam LB may visually display a reference point at which the affected part of the patient is located. Accordingly, the laser beam LB may have a visible light band in order to be visually displayed inside the radiation treatment room, and may be displayed as a single dot on the irradiated object.
  • One point displayed by the laser beam LB may be referred to as a laser isocenter.
  • the laser center point may serve to visually guide a point at which an affected area to be subjected to radiation treatment is located.
  • a three-dimensional coordinate system having the laser center point as an origin (0, 0, 0) may represent a treatment room coordinate system representing an actual three-dimensional treatment room space.
  • the laser center point visually represents the center (origin) of the treatment room coordinate system.
  • quality assurance for the radiation center point includes matching the radiation center point and the laser center point (eg, positioning within a specified distance (eg, 1 mm)).
  • the position of the radiation center point in the treatment room coordinate system with the laser center point as (0, 0, 0) may be determined or obtained.
  • Such coordinates of the center point of the radiation relative to the center point of the laser represent the coordinates of the center point of the radiation in an independent three-dimensional treatment room space itself. (That is, it is not measured by a sub-system (eg, an imaging device) included in the radiation treatment device 100.)
  • the center point measurement module 200 is used to measure the radiation center point.
  • the center point measurement module 200 in order to measure the radiation center point when performing quality assurance on the radiation center point, is disposed at the laser center point. A detailed description of the center point measurement module 200 will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • the camera unit 140 may track the movement of the center point measurement module 200 by photographing a marker that can be attached to the center point measurement module 200.
  • the camera unit 140 may include, for example, at least three or more cameras, and each of the plurality of cameras may be disposed to face different directions.
  • the camera unit 140 may recognize the marker in various ways. For example, in addition to the camera, additional equipment is added to reflect light such as infrared light to the marker to track the marker's position, and the camera tracks the marker's position by emitting light directly from the marker. There is an active marker method.
  • an infrared (IR) marker may be attached to the center point measurement module 200, and the marker may reflect infrared rays emitted from a separate infrared generator (not shown).
  • the camera unit 140 is an infrared camera and may recognize infrared rays reflected from the marker. The camera unit 140 may acquire the position of the marker by photographing infrared rays reflected from the marker.
  • the coordinates of the marker acquired through the camera unit 140 may be coordinates on a camera coordinate system.
  • the camera coordinate system can be distinguished from the treatment room coordinate system representing the actual three-dimensional treatment room space.
  • the camera unit 140 may convert the coordinates of the marker (or the position of the center point measurement module 200) into the treatment room coordinate system using a conversion relationship between the camera coordinate system and the treatment room coordinate system.
  • the camera unit 140 may transform the camera coordinate system into a treatment room coordinate system using a transformation matrix between the camera coordinate system and the treatment room coordinate system.
  • the coordinates of the marker tracked using the camera unit 140 may be positioned on the treatment room coordinate system with the laser center point as the origin. Through this, it is possible to track the coordinates of the marker in the treatment room coordinate system.
  • the camera unit 140 may track the movement of the center point measuring module 200 in the coordinate system of the treatment room in three dimensions in real time.
  • the camera unit 140 for tracking motion it is possible to independently measure the radiation center point without using an imaging device dependent on the radiation treatment apparatus 100. That is, the radiation center point can be obtained as a coordinate on a three-dimensional coordinate system representing an actual three-dimensional treatment room space. Through this, it is possible to perform independent three-dimensional quality assurance for the radiation center point.
  • the vertical direction toward the top of the gantry 110 is parallel to the (ideal) axis of rotation of the gantry 110 based on the laser center point, which is the origin of the treatment room coordinate system, and the gantry 110 ) Will be referred to as the y-axis direction, and the horizontal direction according to the right-hand rule of the y-axis and z-axis as the x-axis direction.
  • this reference is only an example.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a center point measuring module 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the center point measurement module 200 may include a first sub-module 210, a second sub-module 220, and a third sub-module 230.
  • 3 is an exploded perspective view of the first sub-module 210 of the center point measurement module 200 shown in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the second sub-module 220 of the center point measurement module 200 shown in FIG.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B are perspective and central cross-sectional views of the third sub-module 230 of the center point measuring module 200 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the first sub-module 210, the second sub-module 220, and the third sub-module 230 are illustrated as a cube, but are not limited thereto.
  • the first, second, and third sub-modules 210, 220, and 230 may include three pairs of parallel planes in which two facing surfaces are parallel.
  • the first, second, and third sub-modules 210, 220, and 230 may be a rectangular parallelepiped. However, it is not limited thereto.
  • the first, second, and third sub-modules 210, 220, and 230 may be fixed so that their relative positions do not change.
  • the first, second, and third sub-modules 210, 220, and 230 may be attached to each other or fixedly coupled to each other.
  • the center point measurement module 200 may further include a base 201 for fixing the first, second, and third sub-modules 210, 220, and 230.
  • the first sub-module 210 may include a body 210B, a cover 210C, a pin P, and a pair of a first radiation reactive member F1
  • the second sub-module 220 may include a body It may include a pair (220B), a cover (220C), a pin (P), and a second radiation reactive member (F2).
  • two radiation reaction members F1 and F2 facing each other may be disposed in parallel.
  • the first sub-module 210 may include two radiation-reactive members F1 parallel to the xy plane, and the second sub-module 220 may include two radiation-reactive members F2 parallel to the xz plane. It may include.
  • the third sub-module 230 may not include a radiation reactive member.
  • the radiation-reactive members F1 and F2 may react to radiation, and traces may be left by the radiation. Accordingly, the radiation-reactive members F1 and F2 may leave traces along the path of the radiation irradiated from the radiation irradiation unit 120.
  • the radiation reaction members F1 and F2 may be developed or imaged (or digitized) using the scanner 170. For example, as a result of the digitization, a value indicating a location and coordinates corresponding to the path of the radiation may be obtained.
  • the radiation reactive members F1 and F2 may include, for example, a radiochromic film.
  • the radiation trace may be visualized using a camera instead of the scanner 170.
  • the first sub-module 210 may include a body 210B and two covers 210C disposed above and below the body 210B.
  • the two covers 210C may be provided to fix the two first radiation reactive members F1 above and below the body 210B, respectively.
  • the second sub-module 220 may include a body 220B and two covers 220C disposed before and after the body 220B, respectively.
  • the two covers 220C may be provided to fix the two second radiation reactive members F2 before and after the body 220C, respectively.
  • the cover 210C may be disposed on two surfaces parallel to the xy plane (ie, the upper surface and the lower surface) in the first sub-module 210.
  • the cover 210C may be provided to insert and fix the pair of the first radiation-reactive members F1 parallel to the xy plane (eg, on the upper and lower surfaces).
  • the cover 210C is detachable from the body 210B of the first sub-module 210 in order to insert the radiation reaction member.
  • the two radiation reactive members F1 may be disposed between the two covers 210C and the body 210B, respectively.
  • the radiation reaction member F1 may be fixed with a pin P so that it does not move between the cover 210C and the body 210B.
  • the pin P may be provided or inserted in a predetermined position in the cover 210Cs.
  • the pins P may include a plurality (eg, two or more) of pins.
  • the radiation-reactive member F1 has a square shape, and the pin P may be positioned adjacent to the vertex of the square.
  • the four pins may be positioned in a rectangular shape.
  • holes may be formed at positions corresponding to the positions of the pins P as many as the number of pins P.
  • the hole may be used to identify the relative position information of the radiation trace appearing on the radiation-reactive member F1, as described later in FIGS. 9 to 11.
  • the first sub-module 210 may further include a marker M (see FIG. 7 ).
  • a marker M For example, at a predetermined position ML of the cover 210C of the first sub-module 210, a screw on which the marker M is attached may be fixed.
  • the marker M is recognized by the camera unit 140 and is used to indicate the position of the center of the radiation trace appearing on the radiation-reactive member F1 or the radiation-responsive member F1 on the coordinate system of the three-dimensional treatment room.
  • the marker M may be disposed on a surface on which the radiation reactive member F1 is disposed.
  • the marker M is located adjacent to the pin P, but may be coupled to a predetermined position.
  • the marker M may be coupled to the cover 210C.
  • the positions of the marker M and the pin P are determined in advance, and their relative positions do not change. That is, the marker M and the pin P may be regarded as rigid bodies.
  • a cover 220C may be disposed on two surfaces parallel to the xz plane (ie, front and rear).
  • the cover 220C may be provided to insert and fix the pair of second radiation-reactive members F2 parallel to the xz plane (for example, on the front and rear surfaces).
  • the two radiation-reactive members F2 may be disposed between the two covers 220C and the body 220B, respectively.
  • the radiation-reactive member F2 may be fixed with a pin P so as not to move between the cover 220C and the body 220B.
  • the description of the cover 220C, the body 220B, and the pin P will be omitted since it overlaps with that described in the first sub-module 210.
  • the second sub-module 220 may further include a marker M (see FIG. 7 ).
  • a screw on which the marker M is attached may be fixed to a predetermined position ML of the cover 220C of the second sub-module 220.
  • the marker M is recognized by the camera unit 140 and is used to indicate the position of the center of the radiation trace appearing on the radiation-reactive member F2 or the radiation-reactive member F2 on the coordinate system of the three-dimensional treatment room.
  • the third sub-module 230 may be arranged such that the center of the third sub-module 230 coincides with the laser center point when performing quality assurance on the radiation center point.
  • a crosshair 239 may be displayed on the surface of the third sub-module 230.
  • the third sub-module 230 has a shape of a cube, and a crosshair 239 for indicating the center of the third sub-module 230 may be displayed on each surface of the cube.
  • the third sub-module 230 may further include a metal sphere 231 at the center.
  • 5B is a cross-sectional view of the third sub-module 230 taken away.
  • the third sub-module 230 may appear as in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 5B.
  • the metal sphere 231 may be used to measure a center point of an imaging device (not shown) additionally installed in the radiation treatment apparatus 100.
  • the center point of the imaging device represents a center point of an image imaged and reconstructed by the imaging device, which is distinct from the radiation center point and the laser center point.
  • the first, second, and third sub-modules 210, 220, and 230 may all have a shape of a cube having the same length of one side. According to an embodiment, the first and second sub-modules 210 and 220 with respect to the third sub-module 230 may be fixed to each other in a vertical direction.
  • the first sub-module 210 when the center point measurement module 200 is positioned at the laser center point in order to measure the radiation center point, the first sub-module 210 is in the -y-axis direction of the third sub-module 230
  • the second sub-module 220 may be in contact with the surface of the third sub-module 230 in the -x-axis direction.
  • all of the first, second, and third sub-modules 210, 220, and 230 may have a cube shape having the same length L of one side.
  • the height (thickness) of the body 210B and the two lids 210C in the first sub-module 210 it may correspond to the length L of one side of the cube.
  • the thickness of the body 220B (ie, the length in the y-axis direction) and the thickness of the two lids 220C are added in the second sub-module 220, it may correspond to the length L of one side of the cube.
  • a distance between the center of the first sub-module 210 and the center of the third sub-module 230 may be the same as the length L of one side.
  • the distance between the center of the second sub-module 220 and the center of the third sub-module 230 is also the same as the length L of one side.
  • the length L of one side may be, for example, 10 cm.
  • the two lids 210C of the first sub-module 210 may have the same thickness TH1.
  • the thickness TH1 may be, for example, 1 cm.
  • the pair of the first radiation-reactive members F1 included in the first sub-module 210 is disposed to be spaced apart from the center of the first sub-module 210 by the same distance (eg, 4 cm) in the ⁇ z-axis direction. I can.
  • the two lids 220C of the second sub-module 220 may have the same thickness TH2.
  • the thickness TH2 may be, for example, 1 cm.
  • the pair of the second radiation-reactive members F2 included in the second sub-module 220 are to be disposed spaced apart from the center of the second sub-module 220 by the same distance (eg, 4 cm) in the ⁇ y-axis direction. I can.
  • the thickness TH1 of the two lids 210C of the first sub-module 210 and the thickness TH2 of the two lids 220C of the second sub-module 220 are It can be the same.
  • the quality assurance system 10 of the radiation center point of the radiation treatment apparatus further includes a control unit (not shown) that controls the rotation of the gantry 110 and irradiation of radiation through the radiation irradiation unit 120.
  • the control unit may be formed of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.
  • the control unit may include one or more control units.
  • the control unit referred to in the present invention may be a term that collectively refers to a control unit of a plurality of devices.
  • the controller may control the movement of the support of the center point measurement module 200 so that the center point measurement module 200 is positioned at the laser center point.
  • the control unit may match the center of the first sub-module 210, the second sub-module 220, or the third sub-module 230 to the center point of the laser, the support of the center point measuring module 200 You can control the movement.
  • the support may be, for example, the bed part 150, but is not limited thereto.
  • the support may represent a support from which the bed portion 150 is removed.
  • the controller may control the rotation of the gantry 110, and accordingly, may position the radiation irradiation unit 120 at a desired angle. According to an embodiment, the controller may control the rotation of the collimator 130 inserted into the radiation irradiation unit 120. For example, the control unit may rotate the collimator 130 inserted in the radiation irradiation unit 120 by a desired angle. According to an embodiment, the control unit may control the radiation irradiation unit 120 to irradiate radiation.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a method of guaranteeing quality of a radiation center point of a radiation treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. At least some of the operations shown in FIG. 6 may be performed by the controller. 7 shows an example of the shape of the center point measuring module 200 that appears in the process of measuring the radiation center point according to FIG. 6.
  • a collimator 130 configured to form radiation in an elongated rectangular shape may be inserted into the radiation irradiation unit 120.
  • the collimator 130 may be inserted into a distal end of the radiation irradiation unit 120, for example, a snout.
  • the center point measuring module 200 may be disposed at the center point of the laser indicated by the laser beam by the laser unit 160.
  • the control unit may position the center point measurement module 200 so that the center of the third sub-module 230 is positioned at the laser center point in the center point measurement module 200.
  • a state in which the center of the third sub-module 230 and the laser center point coincide may be an initial setting state of the center point measurement module 200.
  • the center of the third sub-module 230 may be matched to the center point of the laser by using the crosshairs displayed on the surface of the third sub-module 230.
  • the center of the pair of the first radiation-reactive members F1 included in the first sub-module 210 is placed at the laser center point, the gantry 110 is fixed and the collimator 130 is rotated, for example, a collimator.
  • the collimator 130 is rotated, for example, a collimator.
  • MLC multi-leaf collimator
  • the center of the pair of the first radiation reactive members F1 may represent the center of the first sub-module 210.
  • the control unit moves the center point measuring module 200 in the y-axis direction. It can be moved by a distance from the center of the module 230 to the center of the first sub-module 210.
  • the center point measuring module 200 is moved in the y-axis direction in the initial setting state.
  • the center of the first sub-module 210 may be disposed at the center point of the laser.
  • the pair of the first radiation-reactive members F1 is located at a distance from the center point of the laser by the same distance in the z direction and the -z direction. can do.
  • the control unit rotates the gantry 110 in a state in which the center of the first sub-module 210 is disposed at the center point of the laser, so that the radiation irradiation unit 120 is positioned above the center point measurement module 200.
  • the gantry 110 may be fixed so as to be performed. That is, the gantry 110 may be fixed so that the radiation irradiation unit 120 is positioned on the z-axis. In this case, the radiation irradiation unit 120 protruding from the gantry 110 may face the -z axis direction.
  • the radiation irradiation unit 120 may aim at the first sub-module 210 from a vertical upper portion of the first sub-module 210.
  • the control unit may irradiate radiation while rotating the collimator 130 in a state in which the gantry 110 is fixed so that the radiation irradiation unit 120 faces the -z-axis direction as described above.
  • the control unit may control the radiation irradiation unit 120 to irradiate radiation while rotating the collimator 130 at specified angular intervals.
  • the specified angle may be 45 degrees, for example.
  • the radiation irradiation unit 120 may irradiate radiation in a state in which the collimator 130 is 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 135 degrees.
  • the rotation angle of the collimator 130 to which radiation is irradiated is not limited thereto.
  • radiation may be irradiated through a slit formed in the collimator 130 or a multi-leaf collimator (MLC). Therefore, in a state in which the gantry 110 is fixed so that the radiation irradiation unit 120 is positioned above the center point measurement module 200, the result of irradiating the radiation when the collimator 130 is at 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 135 degrees.
  • a trace of radiation T1 may appear in a star shape.
  • the trace T1 may represent a distribution of radiation dose.
  • the first, second, and third sub-modules 210, 220, and 230 are all cube-shaped with the same length of one side, and the first pair of radiation-reactive members F1 and the second pair of radiation-reactive members F2 are Due to the positional relationship, a trace of radiation may not appear in the second pair of radiation-reactive members F2 according to the rotation of the collimator 130 (S630).
  • the center of the pair of second radiation reactive members F2 included in the second sub-module 220 is placed at the laser center point, the collimator 130 is fixed and the gantry 110 is rotated, while the collimator 130 Through this, radiation may be irradiated to the pair of the second radiation reactive members F2.
  • the center of the pair of second radiation reactive members F2 may represent the center of the second sub-module 220.
  • the control unit moves the center point measuring module 200 in the x-axis direction in the above-described initial setting state. It can be moved by a distance from the center of the module 230 to the center of the second sub-module 220.
  • the center point measuring module 200 is moved in the x-axis direction in the initial setting state.
  • the center of the second sub-module 220 may be disposed at the center point of the laser.
  • the pair of the second radiation-reactive members F2 are positioned at a distance equal to the same distance in the y direction and the -y direction from the laser center point. can do.
  • the collimator 130 is rotated while the center of the second sub-module 220 is placed at the center point of the laser, so that the long axis of the long rectangle, which is the shape of the cross section of the radiation formed by the collimator 130, is
  • the collimator 130 may be fixed to be parallel to the y-axis (ie, the rotation axis of the gantry 110).
  • the control unit fixes the collimator 130 so that the long rectangular long axis, which is the cross section of the radiation of the collimator 130, is parallel to the y axis (ie, the rotation axis of the gantry 110) as described above.
  • the control unit may control the gantry 110 to irradiate radiation by rotating the gantry 110 at a specified angular interval.
  • the specified angle may be 45 degrees, for example.
  • radiation may be irradiated in a state in which the gantry 110 is 0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, or 135 degrees.
  • a rotation angle of 0 degrees of the gantry 110 may represent, for example, a state in which the radiation irradiation unit 120 is positioned on the z-axis and points in the -z-axis direction.
  • the definition of the rotation angle of the gantry 110 is not limited thereto.
  • the rotation angle of the gantry 110 to which radiation is irradiated is not limited thereto.
  • a trace of radiation T2 may appear in a star shape.
  • the trace T2 may represent a distribution of radiation dose.
  • FIG. 7 shows only the radiation-reactive member F2 disposed on the front surface of the second sub-module 220 (eg, a surface located in the -y-axis direction), but the rear surface of the second sub-module 220 (eg, +y In the radiation-reactive member F2 disposed on the surface located in the axial direction), traces of radiation appear in a star shape.
  • the first, second, and third sub-modules 210, 220, and 230 are all cube-shaped with the same length of one side, and the first pair of radiation-reactive members F1 and the second pair of radiation-reactive members F2 are Due to the positional relationship, traces of radiation may not appear in the pair of the first radiation reactive members F1 according to the rotation S640 of the gantry 110.
  • the order of operations included in S630 and S640 may be changed.
  • the order of S630 and S640 may be changed.
  • the radiation center point may be calculated from positional information corresponding to the traces of radiation displayed on the first pair of radiation-responsive members F1 and the second pair of radiation-responsive members F2. Detailed operations for S650 will be described later in FIGS. 8 to 12.
  • S650 is shown in FIG. 8, a scanner 170 (or an imaging device such as a camera), a two-dimensional radiation center acquisition unit 370, a camera unit 140, a marker coordinate conversion unit 340, and a three-dimensional coordinate It may be performed by the calculation unit 390.
  • FIG. 8 schematically shows a functional block of a system for quality assurance of a radiation center point according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 9 schematically shows a process of calculating a radiation center point according to an embodiment of the present invention. Operations shown in FIG. 9 may be included in S650 of FIG. 6.
  • the controller 180 may control the rotation of the gantry 110 and irradiation of radiation through the radiation irradiation unit 120 as described above.
  • the controller 180 may control the movement of the support of the center point measurement module 200 so that the center point measurement module 200 is positioned at the laser center point.
  • the control unit 180 performs at least a part of the operations included in S620 to S640 of FIG. 6, so that the radiation traces T1 and T2 may appear on the radiation reaction members F1 and F2 of the center point measurement module 200.
  • the pair of first radiation-reactive members F1 includes a first radiation-reactive member F11 on an upper surface (a surface in the z-axis direction) and a first radiation-reactive member F12 on a lower surface (a surface in the -z-axis direction).
  • a radiation trace T11 may appear on the first radiation reactive member F11 on the upper surface
  • a radiation trace T12 may appear on the first radiation reactive member F12 on the lower surface.
  • the pair of second radiation-reactive members (F2) includes a second radiation-reactive member (F21) on the front surface (a surface in the -y-axis direction) and a second radiation-reactive member (F22) on the rear surface (a surface in the y-axis direction), ,
  • a radiation trace T21 may appear on the first radiation reactive member F21 on the front side
  • a radiation trace T22 may appear on the second radiation reaction member F22 on the rear surface.
  • an imaging apparatus including a scanner 170 or a camera includes a radiation trace T11, which is shown on a pair of the first radiation-reactive member F1 and the second radiation-reactive member F2.
  • T12, T21, T22) can be imaged (or digitized).
  • the imaging may represent imaging on a 2D plane.
  • the scanner 170 or the imaging apparatus may transmit the imaged result to the 2D radiation center acquisition unit 370.
  • the two-dimensional radiation center acquisition unit 370 from the scanner 170 or the imaging device, the radiation traces (T11, T12, T21, T22) appearing on the first and second radiation reactive members (F1, F2).
  • the imaging result can be received.
  • the 2D radiation center acquisition unit 370 includes 2 of the radiation traces T11, T12, T21, and T22 appearing on the first pair of radiation reactive members F1 and the second pair of radiation reactive members F2. The positions of the dimensional centers can be obtained.
  • the two-dimensional radiation center acquisition unit 370 is, from the radiation traces T11 and T12 appearing on each of the two first radiation-reactive members F11 and F12, the first two-dimensional radiation center C11, You can calculate the position of C12).
  • Each of the first two-dimensional radiation centers C11 and C12 represents the center of the star-shaped radiation traces T11 and T12.
  • the first two-dimensional radiation centers C11 and C12 represent centers according to the rotation of the collimator 130.
  • the two-dimensional radiation center acquisition unit 370 from the radiation traces (T21, T22) appearing on each of the two second radiation response members (F21, F22), the position of the second two-dimensional radiation center (C21, C22). Can be calculated.
  • the second two-dimensional radiation centers C21 and C22 represent centers according to the rotation of the gantry 110.
  • the imaging result 1000 of the radiation traces T11, T12, T21, and T22 may include a pin P trace.
  • the pin (P) trace is later used to indicate the positions of the two-dimensional radiation centers C11, C12, C21, C22 on the three-dimensional treatment room coordinate system.
  • the two-dimensional radiation center acquisition unit 370 from the imaging result 1000, the pins P shown in the pair of the first radiation reactive members F11 and F12 and the pair of the second radiation reactive members F21 and F22. Can identify the location of.
  • the pin (P) moves as a rigid body with the marker (M)
  • the location of the pin (P) may also be indicated on the 3D treatment room coordinate system. Accordingly, the 2D radiation centers C11, C12, C21, C22 can be represented on the 3D treatment room coordinate system based on the position of the pin P on the 3D treatment room coordinate system.
  • the two-dimensional radiation center acquisition unit 370 calculates the positions of the two-dimensional radiation centers C11, C12, C21, C22 obtained from the imaging result 1000 and the positions of the plurality of pins P, 3D coordinates. It can be transmitted to the unit 390.
  • the positions of the two-dimensional radiation centers C11, C12, C21, and C22 and the positions of the plurality of pins P may be coordinates in two dimensions.
  • the two-dimensional radiation center acquisition unit 370 determines the relative positions of the two-dimensional radiation centers C11, C12, C21, and C22 based on the positions of the plurality of pins P in three-dimensional coordinates. It may be transmitted to the calculation unit 390.
  • the three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit 390 is, from the two-dimensional radiation center obtaining unit 370, relative to the two-dimensional radiation centers C11, C12, C21, C22 based on the positions of the plurality of pins P. You can receive information about the location.
  • the camera unit 140 can recognize the position of the marker M on the center point measurement module 200, and the camera unit 140 is the position of the marker M obtained on the camera coordinate system. May be transmitted to the marker coordinate conversion unit 340.
  • the marker coordinate conversion unit 340 may convert the position of the marker M into the treatment room coordinate system using a transformation matrix between the camera coordinate system and the treatment room coordinate system. In the marker coordinate conversion unit 340, the transformation matrix may be stored.
  • the marker coordinate conversion unit 340 may acquire the coordinates of the marker M in the 3D treatment room coordinate system using the transformation matrix.
  • the marker coordinate conversion unit 340 may transmit the coordinates of the marker M in the coordinate system of the 3D treatment room to the 3D coordinate calculator 390.
  • the 3D coordinate calculation unit 390 includes the positions of the plurality of pins P received from the 2D radiation center acquisition unit 370 and the coordinates of the marker M received from the marker coordinate conversion unit 340 Using, the positions of the 2D radiation centers C11, C12, C21, C22 can be represented (or projected) on the coordinate system of the 3D treatment room. That is, the 3D coordinate calculation unit 390 may calculate the coordinates of the 2D radiation centers C11, C12, C21, and C22 on the 3D treatment room coordinate system.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a screen in which two-dimensional radiation centers C11, C12, C21, and C22 are projected on a coordinate system of a three-dimensional treatment room according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the graph shown in Fig. 11 shows an actual three-dimensional treatment room coordinate system with the laser center point as the origin.
  • the 3D coordinate calculation unit 390 Since the pin (P) moves as a rigid body with the marker (M), when acquiring the position of the marker (M) in the 3D treatment room coordinate system, the 3D coordinate calculation unit 390 is The position of P) can also be calculated. Accordingly, the 3D coordinate calculator 390 may acquire the positions of the 2D radiation centers C11, C12, C21, and C22 based on the position of the pin P in the 3D treatment room coordinate system. That is, the 3D coordinate calculator 390 may calculate coordinates of the 2D radiation centers C11, C12, C21, and C22 in the 3D treatment room coordinate system.
  • the three-dimensional coordinate calculation unit 390 uses the coordinates of the two-dimensional radiation centers C11, C12, C21, C22 in the three-dimensional treatment room coordinate system, and the first according to the rotation of the collimator 130
  • the center line L1 and the second center line L2 according to the rotation of the gantry 110 may be obtained.
  • the first center line L1 according to the rotation of the collimator 130 may be parallel to the line connecting the first two-dimensional radiation centers C11 and C12, and the rotation of the gantry 110 Accordingly, the second center line L2 may be parallel to a line connecting the second 2D radiation centers C21 and C22.
  • the first, second, and third sub-modules 210, 220, and 230 may be a cube having one side length L.
  • the first center line L1 according to the rotation of the collimator 130 is a line in which the line connecting the first two-dimensional radiation centers C11 and C12 is moved in parallel by L in the y-axis direction.
  • the second center line L2 according to the rotation of the gantry 110 may be a line in which a line connecting the second 2D radiation centers C21 and C22 is moved in parallel by L in the x-axis direction.
  • the first center line L1 is irradiated with radiation while rotating the collimator 130.
  • the second center line L2 is a state in which the collimator 130 is fixed so that the slit of the collimator 130 or the axis of the multi-leaf collimator MLC is parallel to the y-axis, while rotating the gantry 110, the radiation hat is irradiated. In this case, a line that becomes the center of the radiation may be indicated.
  • the 3D coordinate calculator 390 may calculate or obtain a linear equation of the first center line L1 and the second center line L2 in the 3D treatment room coordinate system.
  • the 3D coordinate calculator 390 may determine an intersection point of the first center line L1 and the second center line L2 as the radiation center point RI.
  • FIG. 13 is a graph for verifying quality assurance for a radiation center point (RI) on a 3D treatment room coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the graph shown in FIG. 13 may be a three-dimensional treatment room coordinate system with a laser center point as an origin.
  • the 3D coordinate calculator 390 may determine whether the radiation center point RI is located within a specified distance from the laser center point.
  • the specified distance may be, for example, 1 mm or 0.5 mm.
  • the 3D coordinate calculating unit 390 may determine that the quality of the radiation center point RI is guaranteed when the radiation center point RI is located within the specified distance from the laser center point.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d'assurance de qualité d'isocentre de rayonnement pour un appareil de diagnostic et de traitement utilisant un rayonnement, le système comprenant: un portique apte à tourner autour d'un axe rotatif tout en étant espacé de l'axe rotatif; une unité d'irradiation de rayonnement qui est fixée au portique pour tourner avec le portique, et irradie un rayonnement vers l'axe rotatif; un collimateur qui peut être inséré dans l'unité d'irradiation de rayonnement; un module de mesure d'isocentre comprenant une paire de premiers éléments de réaction au rayonnement dont les surfaces supérieure et inférieure se font face en parallèle et une paire de premiers éléments de réaction au rayonnement dont les surfaces supérieure et inférieure se font face en parallèle et une paire de seconds éléments de réaction au rayonnement dont les surfaces avant et arrière se font face en parallèle, pour mesurer l'isocentre du rayonnement irradié à partir de l'unité d'irradiation de rayonnement; une unité de commande qui commande la rotation du portique et l'irradiation de rayonnement à travers l'unité d'irradiation rayonnante; et une unité de calcul de coordonnées tridimensionnelles qui calcule le centre de rayonnement à partir d'informations d'emplacement correspondant à une trace radiologique représentée sur la paire de premiers éléments de réaction au rayonnement et la paire de seconds éléments de réaction au rayonnement. L'unité de commande irradie un rayonnement vers la paire de premiers éléments de réaction au rayonnement tout en fixant le portique et en faisant tourner le collimateur et irradie un rayonnement vers la paire de seconds éléments de réaction au rayonnement tout en fixant le collimateur et en faisant tourner le portique, ce qui permet ainsi d'obtenir l'isocentre de rayonnement.
PCT/KR2020/004894 2019-04-11 2020-04-10 Système d'assurance de qualité d'isocentre de rayonnement et procédé de diagnostic et appareil de traitement utilisant un rayonnement Ceased WO2020209665A1 (fr)

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