WO2020255777A1 - 塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法 - Google Patents
塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020255777A1 WO2020255777A1 PCT/JP2020/022523 JP2020022523W WO2020255777A1 WO 2020255777 A1 WO2020255777 A1 WO 2020255777A1 JP 2020022523 W JP2020022523 W JP 2020022523W WO 2020255777 A1 WO2020255777 A1 WO 2020255777A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F214/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F214/02—Monomers containing chlorine
- C08F214/04—Monomers containing two carbon atoms
- C08F214/06—Vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F114/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F114/02—Monomers containing chlorine
- C08F114/04—Monomers containing two carbon atoms
- C08F114/06—Vinyl chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F14/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen
- C08F14/02—Monomers containing chlorine
- C08F14/04—Monomers containing two carbon atoms
- C08F14/06—Vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/01—Processes of polymerisation characterised by special features of the polymerisation apparatus used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/12—Polymerisation in non-solvents
- C08F2/16—Aqueous medium
- C08F2/18—Suspension polymerisation
- C08F2/20—Suspension polymerisation with the aid of macromolecular dispersing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a vinyl chloride-based polymer in a polymer equipped with a reflux capacitor.
- the vinyl chloride polymer is produced by a suspension polymerization method in an aqueous medium and a water-soluble substance having surface activity (for example, partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol or cellulose ether) is used as the dispersant.
- a water-soluble substance having surface activity for example, partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol or cellulose ether
- heat is removed by a reflux condenser, the amount of heat removed increases, and as a result, it becomes difficult to obtain a polymer having a certain quality as desired, such as the particle size distribution, porosity, and bulk density of the vinyl chloride polymer. There was a problem that it would end up.
- An object of the present invention is to suppress foaming of the polymer slurry when polymerization is carried out using a polymer in the production of a vinyl chloride polymer, and to obtain a bulk specific gravity of the obtained vinyl chloride polymer. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method capable of producing a vinyl chloride polymer without adversely affecting the quality.
- a vinyl chloride monomer or a mixture of a vinyl chloride monomer and a monomer copolymerizable therewith is polymerized in an aqueous medium using a polymer, and chloride is used.
- An aqueous solution of a copolymerized polyether having a group is added as the copolymerized polyether in an amount of 0.005 parts by weight to 0.050 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the charged vinyl chloride monomer. , Provide a method for producing a vinyl chloride-based polymer.
- the copolymerized polyether has an alkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms at both ends.
- the aqueous solution of the above copolymerized polyether at the polymerization step of the polymerization rate of 30% to 80%.
- the capacity of the above-mentioned polymerizer is 50 m 3 or more in volume.
- a reflux capacitor is attached.
- a vinyl chloride monomer or a mixture of a vinyl chloride monomer and a monomer copolymerizable with the vinyl chloride monomer is polymerized in an aqueous medium to produce a vinyl chloride polymer.
- the polymerization reaction solution does not substantially foam, and a vinyl chloride-based polymer having stable quality can be produced.
- the monomer raw material used in the present invention is a vinyl chloride monomer or a monomer mixture containing a vinyl chloride monomer as a main component.
- the monomer mixture containing the vinyl chloride monomer as a main component contains at least 50% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more of the vinyl chloride monomer and another simple copolymerizable with the vinyl chloride monomer. It is a mixture consisting of a monomer.
- Examples of other monomers copolymerizable with the vinyl chloride monomer used here include vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate; methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate and the like.
- Examples thereof include (meth) acrylic acid esters; olefins such as ethylene and propylene; maleic anhydride; acrylonitrile; styrene; and monomers such as vinylidene chloride. These monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the copolymerized polyether is a copolymer obtained by polymerizing ethylene oxide and propylene oxide at the above molar ratio and reacting both ends thereof with an aliphatic alcohol, an aromatic alcohol, or the like, and ethylene oxide. It has a constituent unit derived from it, a constituent unit derived from propylene oxide, and an alkyl group derived from an aliphatic alcohol or an aryl group derived from an aromatic alcohol at both ends.
- the copolymerized polyether has an alkyl group or an aryl group at both ends thereof from the viewpoint of defoaming effect.
- the aliphatic alcohol is preferably a linear or branched alkyl alcohol having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Therefore, as the alkyl group derived from the aliphatic alcohol, a linear or branched alkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 10 carbon atoms is desirable.
- an aromatic alcohol having 7 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable, and specifically, benzyl alcohol, 4-methylbenzyl alcohol, 3-methylbenzyl alcohol, 2-methylbenzyl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, 3 Examples thereof include -phenyl-1-propanol, 1-phenyl-2-propanol, 4-phenyl-1-butanol, 4-phenyl-2-butanol, 1-phenyl-2-butanol and 2-phenyl-2-butanol. Therefore, examples of the aryl group derived from the aromatic alcohol include a phenyl group, a benzyl group, a tolyl group and the like, which may be modified with a substituent such as OH.
- the weight average molecular weight is measured by GPC in terms of styrene.
- the molecular weight is less than 1000, the action of lowering the interfacial tension of bubbles generated in the polymerization system and breaking the bubbles is reduced, so that the defoaming effect during polymerization is not sufficient and it is necessary to increase the amount used. There is a problem that it affects the quality of the obtained polymer. On the other hand, if it exceeds 3500, the copolymerized polyether is difficult to diffuse and the defoaming effect is lowered, particularly in a large polymer, and a vinyl chloride polymer having deteriorated quality is obtained.
- copolymerized polyether of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may be a block copolymer or a random copolymer.
- the copolymerized polyether of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide is preferably used in an aqueous solution state, and is adjusted so that the solid content is 0.1 wt% to 50 wt%. At this time, ethanol or the like may be blended as an organic solvent if necessary. In other words, in the present invention, a solution of a copolymerized polyether containing an organic solvent may be used.
- the copolymerized polyether is added as an aqueous solution to the polymerization reaction system using 0.005 to 0.050 parts by weight, preferably 0.010 to 0.030 parts by weight, based on the charged vinyl chloride monomer.
- the amount of the copolymerized polyether used with respect to the charged vinyl chloride monomer is less than 0.005 parts by weight, the defoaming effect cannot be sufficiently produced.
- it exceeds 0.050 parts by weight not only the amount used increases, which is economically disadvantageous, but also scale tends to adhere to the wall surface of the polymer, which may increase fish eyes.
- the copolymerized polyether is added to the polymerization reaction system as an aqueous solution having a concentration of usually 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight.
- the copolymerized polyether aqueous solution may be added when the polymerization rate is in the range of 30 to 80%, preferably 60 to 80%.
- the addition time is before the polymerization rate reaches 30%, the particle formation of the polymer is insufficient, and the addition may adversely affect the particle size distribution.
- the polymerization rate exceeds 80%, the foaming peak has already passed, so that the polymerization reaction solution may be blown up into the capacitor and the polymer particles may be deposited in the capacitor. , The effect of adding antifoaming agent becomes small.
- the aqueous medium examples include clean water, deionized water, distilled water, water such as ultrapure water, and a mixed medium of water and a water-soluble organic solvent.
- the water-soluble organic solvent examples include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and diethylene glycol.
- the content of the water-soluble organic solvent in the aqueous medium is preferably more than 0% by mass and 50% by mass or less.
- the dispersant usually used when polymerizing the above-mentioned vinyl chloride or a monomer mixture containing vinyl chloride in an aqueous medium is not particularly limited, and is used for producing a conventional vinyl chloride-based polymer. It doesn't matter.
- the dispersant include water-soluble cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; water-soluble partially saponified polyvinyl alcohols; acrylic acid polymers; water-soluble polymers such as gelatin; sorbitan monolaurate.
- Oil-soluble emulsifiers such as sorbitan triolate, glycerin tristearate, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer; and water-soluble emulsifiers such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene glycerin oleate, sodium laurate, etc. Be done. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and the amount used is preferably 0.010 to 0.200 parts by weight, more preferably 0.010 to 0.200 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the charged vinyl chloride monomer. It is preferably 0.03 to 0.15 parts by mass.
- the polymerization initiator which is usually used is not particularly limited, and may be one used in the production of a conventional vinyl chloride polymer.
- the polymerization initiator include peroxycarbonate compounds such as diisopropylperoxydicarbonate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate, and diethoxyethylperoxydicarbonate; tert-butylperoxypivalate, tert-.
- Peroxy ester compounds such as hexyl peroxypivalate, tert-butyl peroxyneodecanate, ⁇ -cumylperoxyneodecanate; acetylcyclohexylsulfonyl peroxide, 2,4,4-trimethylpentyl-2-peroxyphenoxy Peroxides such as acetate, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl peroxide; azo compounds such as azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile); Examples thereof include potassium sulfate; ammonium persulfate; and hydrogen peroxide.
- the amount used is preferably 0.010 to 0.200 parts by weight, more preferably 0.010 to 0.200 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the charged vinyl chloride monomer. It is preferably 0.03 to 0.15 parts by mass.
- the antioxidant which is usually used is not particularly limited, and may be one which is generally used for producing a vinyl chloride polymer.
- examples of this antioxidant include 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, hydroquinone, p-methoxyphenol, tert-butyl-hydroxyanisole, and n-octadecyl-3- (4-hydroxy-3,5).
- Phenol compounds such as semicarbazide, 1-acetylsemicarbazide, 1-chloroacetylsemicarbazide, 1-dichloroacetylsemicarbazide, 1-benzoylsemicarbazide, semicarbazone; derivatives of thiocarbazide such as carbohydrazide, thiosemicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide; Amin compounds such as N, N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, 4,4'-bis (2,4-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine; 4-nitroanisole, N-nitrosodiphenylamine, 4-nitroaniline, N-nitroso Nitro compounds or nitroso compounds such as phenylhydroxylylamine aluminum salts; triphenylphosphite, diphenylisodecylphosphite, phenyldiisodecylphosphi
- 3,5-di-tert-butyl has good anti-initial colorability (property that coloring does not easily occur when the polymer is molded) and little scale adhesion to the polymer.
- -4-Hydroxytoluene triethylene glycol-bis [3- (3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], tert-butylhydroxyanisole, tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,6-di-
- tert-butyl-4-sec-butylphenol and octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of these antioxidants used is preferably 0.050 parts by weight or less and 0 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the charged vinyl chloride monomer.
- a degree of polymerization adjusting agent, a chain transfer agent, a gelation improving agent, an antistatic agent, etc. which are generally used for producing a vinyl chloride polymer, may be appropriately used.
- an antioxidant may be added to the polymerization system before the start of the polymerization, during the polymerization, or after the completion of the polymerization for the purpose of controlling the polymerization reaction and preventing the deterioration of the produced polymer.
- ⁇ Other conditions ⁇ Other conditions>
- other conditions in the polymerization for example, an aqueous medium in the polymerizer, a vinyl chloride monomer or a monomer mixture containing a vinyl chloride monomer, a dispersion aid, a method of charging a polymerization initiator and the like, a charging ratio, and the like.
- the polymerization temperature and the like may be the same as the conventional conditions.
- the polymerizer is not particularly limited in shape, size, etc., and a durable polymerizer such as SUS may be generally used. From the viewpoint of productivity, the capacity is preferably 50 m 3 or more, more preferably 80 m. Polymerization may be carried out using three or more polymerizers, and in the case of the large-scale polymerizer, it is particularly preferable to provide a reflux capacitor in the polymerizer.
- the polymerization step is, for example, suspension polymerization.
- the vinyl chloride monomer or the vinyl chloride monomer mixture
- a jacket polymerizer
- the polymerization reaction is started by supplying warm water to the jacket.
- cold water is supplied to the jacket to keep the polymerization reaction temperature constant.
- the supply of cold water to the reflux condenser is started to carry out the polymerization.
- the polymerization conditions are not particularly limited, but for example, the vinyl-based monomer, other additives, suspending agents (water-soluble polymers such as cellulose and PVA) and aqueous components are placed in the polymerizer.
- the contents of the polymerizer are heated while stirring to carry out the polymerization reaction.
- the polymerization reaction is carried out at 20 to 80 ° C. for 1 to 20 hours.
- the stirring conditions may be adjusted as appropriate, but the polymerization is carried out while adjusting the rotation speed between 10 rpm and 300 rpm, preferably 50 and 200 rpm.
- the addition of the aqueous solution of the copolymerized polyether is carried out when the polymerization rate of vinyl chloride (or vinyl chloride monomer mixture) is 30% to 80%, preferably 60% to 80%, as described above. Good.
- the polymerization rate is the ratio of the obtained vinyl chloride resin (vinyl chloride-based polymer) to the total amount of the charged vinyl chloride monomer (or vinyl chloride monomer mixture).
- the polymerization rate is less than 30%, the polymerization may become unstable.
- the polymerization rate is 80% or more, the foam level has already passed the peak or has reached a level close to the peak, so that the effect may be reduced.
- the addition method is arbitrary, and it may be added all at once or gradually.
- Patent Document 1 has an excessively large weight average molecular weight of the defoaming agent, so that it is difficult to diffuse in the polymerizer and a sufficient defoaming effect is obtained. Not obtained.
- a copolymerized polyether having a specific weight average molecular weight is added in a specific amount at a specific polymerization step. Therefore, even in the case of a large-scale polymerizer or when a reflux capacitor is attached, the copolymerized polyether can be sufficiently diffused in the polymerizer, and a defoaming effect can be obtained. In addition, the quality of the obtained vinyl chloride polymer is not adversely affected.
- % described below means “% by weight”
- the polymerization rate is based on the result of performing polymerization in advance and determining the relationship between the polymerization time and the polymerization rate.
- the present invention was evaluated by dispersibility, defoaming property, and amount of PVC adhered to the wall surface.
- Example 1 In a stainless steel polymerizer with an internal volume of 100 m 3 equipped with a reflux condenser and a foam sensor, 49.0 tons of deionized water, 19.1 kg of partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 80 mol%, and a methoxy substitution degree of 28.5 weight. % And 7.15 kg of hydroxymethyl cellulose having a hydroxylpropyl substituent of 8.9% by weight were charged, and then a predetermined amount of vinyl chloride monomer (35.0 tons) was charged. 17.5 kg of bis (2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate was charged as a polymerization initiator, and at the same time, warm water was passed through the jacket to start raising the temperature.
- a vinyl chloride polymer was obtained by adding 10 kg of 25% aqueous ammonia to the obtained polymer slurry to adjust the pH, and then dehydrating and drying the polymer slurry. In particular, there were no problems with particle size distribution, bulk specific gravity, and porosity.
- Example 2 Experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the type of polyether, and a copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 2,000, a molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide of 40/60, and octyl groups at both ends. A 1% aqueous solution of polyether was used.
- Example 3 Experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the type of polyether, and a copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 2,400, a molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide of 30/70, and butyl groups at both ends. A 1% aqueous solution of polyether was used.
- Example 4 Experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the type of polyether, and a copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 3,000, a molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide of 20/80, and octyl groups at both ends. A 1% aqueous solution of polyether was used.
- Example 5 Experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the type of polyether, and a copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 1,200, a molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide of 10/90, and butyl groups at both ends. A 1% aqueous solution of polyether was used.
- Example 6 Experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the types of polyethers, and copolymerization having a weight average molecular weight of 2,700, a molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide of 20/80, and octyl groups at both ends. A 1% aqueous solution of polyether was used.
- Example 7 Experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the type of polyether, and the copolymer had a weight average molecular weight of 2,500, a molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide of 20/80, and butyl groups at both ends. A 1% aqueous solution of polyether was used.
- Example 8 The procedure was the same as in Example 4 except that 175 kg of a 1% aqueous solution of the copolymerized polyether was added.
- Example 9 The procedure was the same as in Example 4 except that 1,050 kg of a 1% aqueous solution of the copolymerized polyether was added.
- Example 10 When the polymerization rate reached 40%, the same procedure as in Example 4 was carried out except that a 1% aqueous solution of the copolymerized polyether was added.
- Example 11 When the polymerization rate reached 80%, the same procedure as in Example 4 was carried out except that a 1% aqueous solution of the copolymerized polyether was added.
- Example 12 The procedure was the same as in Example 2 except that 175 kg of a 1% aqueous solution of the copolymerized polyether was added.
- Example 13 When the polymerization rate reached 40%, the same procedure as in Example 2 was carried out except that a 1% aqueous solution of the copolymerized polyether was added.
- Example 14 When the polymerization rate reached 80%, the same procedure as in Example 2 was carried out except that a 1% aqueous solution of the copolymerized polyether was added.
- Example 1 The procedure was the same as in Example 1 except that a stainless steel polymerizer having an internal volume of 100 m 3 equipped with a foam sensor was used without a reflux capacitor, and a polyether copolymer was not used. It was.
- Example 3 Experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the following polyether copolymer was used, and the copolymer polyether having a weight average molecular weight of 1.5 million and a molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide of 80/20 was used. A 1% aqueous solution was used.
- Example 4 Experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the following polyether copolymer was used, and the copolymerized polyether having a weight average molecular weight of 15,000 and a molar ratio of ethylene oxide to propylene oxide of 20/80. A 1% aqueous solution of the above was used.
- a 1% aqueous solution of the copolymerized polyether was prepared, and the viscosity of the aqueous solution was measured with a digital rotational viscometer DV3T (manufactured by Eiko Seiki Co., Ltd.). The viscosity was measured at 20 ° C., and the viscosity measurement was performed at 250 rpm in Examples 1 to 10 and 100 rpm in Comparative Example 2. The viscosity of the 1% aqueous solution of the copolymerized polyether was evaluated as x, 1.5 cP or more and less than 10 cP as ⁇ , and less than 1.5 cP as ⁇ .
- ⁇ Evaluation of PVC adhesion to wall surface The amount of vinyl chloride resin adhering to the wall surface of the polymerization can was evaluated. The amount of vinyl chloride resin adhered per 1 cm 2 was visually evaluated as x for 100 grains or more, ⁇ for 10 grains or more and less than 100 grains, and ⁇ for less than 10 grains.
- ⁇ Plasticizer absorption amount Glass fiber was packed in the bottom of an aluminum alloy polymerizer having an inner diameter of 25 mm and a depth of 85 mm, 10 g of sample PVC was put into the polymerizer, and then 15 ml of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) was added. Then, after leaving it for 30 minutes to allow the sample to sufficiently permeate the DOP, an excess amount of DOP was centrifuged from the sample under an acceleration of 1500 G. The amount of DOP absorbed by the sample was determined as% by weight based on the weight of the sample before DOP absorption.
- DOP dioctyl phthalate
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Abstract
Description
上記重合器において、還流コンデンサーが付設されていることが好ましい。
本発明で用いられる単量体原料は、塩化ビニル単量体、又は塩化ビニル単量体を主成分とする単量体混合物である。この塩化ビニル単量体を主成分とする単量体混合物は、少なくとも50重量%以上、好ましくは80重量%以上の塩化ビニル単量体と、塩化ビニル単量体と共重合可能な他の単量体とからなる混合物である。ここで用いられる塩化ビニル単量体と共重合可能な他の単量体としては、例えば、酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル等のビニルエステル;(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル等の(メタ)アクリル酸エステル;エチレン、プロピレン等のオレフィン;無水マレイン酸;アクリロニトリル;スチレン;及び塩化ビニリデン等の単量体が挙げられる。これらの単量体は、一種単独で用いても、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
本発明には、共重合ポリエーテルの水溶液を用いる。また、本発明では、重量平均分子量が1000~3500、好ましくは1200を超え3200以下、及び、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドのモル比(プロピレンオキシドに対するエチレンオキシドのモル比)が10/90~60/40、好ましくは20/80~60/40で、両末端にアルキル基またはアリール基を有する共重合ポリエーテルを使用する。また、具体的には、共重合ポリエーテルは、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドとを上記のモル比で重合し、その両末端と脂肪族アルコール、芳香族アルコール等を反応させた共重合体であり、エチレンオキシド由来の構成単位とプロピレンオキシド由来の構成単位及び両末端に脂肪族アルコール由来のアルキル基または芳香族アルコール由来のアリール基を有する。
水性媒体としては、上水、脱イオン水、蒸留水、超純水等の水、水と水溶性有機溶媒との混合媒体などが挙げられる。上記水溶性有機溶媒としては、たとえばメタノール、エタノール、n-プロパノール、イソプロパノール、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコールなどのアルコールが挙げられる。水性媒体が混合媒体である場合、水系媒体中の水溶性有機溶媒の含有量は、好ましくは0質量%を超え50質量%以下である。
前述の塩化ビニル、又は塩化ビニルを含む単量体混合物を水性媒体中で重合する場合に通常使用される分散剤は、特に限定されず、従来の塩化ビニル系重合体の製造に使用されるもので差し支えない。この分散剤としては、例えば、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース等の水溶性セルロースエーテル;水溶性部分鹸化ポリビニルアルコール;アクリル酸重合体;ゼラチン等の水溶性ポリマー;ソルビタンモノラウレート、ソルビタントリオレート、グリセリントリステアレート、エチレンオキシド-プロピレンオキシドブロック共重合体等の油溶性乳化剤;及びポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノラウレート、ポリオキシエチレングリセリンオレート、ラウリン酸ナトリウム等の水溶性乳化剤等が挙げられる。これらは、一種単独で用いても、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよく、使用量は仕込み塩化ビニル単量体100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.010~0.200重量部、さらに好ましくは0.03~0.15質量部である。
さらに、通常使用される重合開始剤は、特に限定されず、従来の塩化ビニル系重合体の製造に使用されるもので差し支えない。この重合開始剤としては、例えば、ジイソプロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)パーオキシジカーボネート、ジエトキシエチルパーオキシジカーボネート等のパーオキシカーボネート化合物;tert-ブチルパーオキシピバレート、tert-ヘキシルパーオキシピバレート、tert-ブチルパーオキシネオデカネート、α-クミルパーオキシネオデカネート等のパーオキシエステル化合物;アセチルシクロヘキシルスルホニルパーオキシド、2,4,4-トリメチルペンチル-2-パーオキシフェノキシアセテート、3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサノイルパーオキシド等の過酸化物;アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)、アゾビス(4-メトキシ-2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)等のアゾ化合物;過硫酸カリウム;過硫酸アンモニウム;及び過酸化水素等が挙げられる。これらは、一種単独で用いても、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよく、使用量は仕込み塩化ビニル単量体100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.010~0.200重量部、さらに好ましくは0.03~0.15質量部である。
また、通常使用される酸化防止剤は特に限定されず、塩化ビニル系重合体の製造に一般に使用されるもので差し支えない。この酸化防止剤としては、例えば、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、ヒドロキノン、p-メトキシフェノール、tert-ブチル-ヒドロキシアニソール、n-オクタデシル-3-(4-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジ-tert-ブチルフェニル)プロピオネート、tert-ブチルヒドロキノン、2,5-ジ-tert-ブチルヒドロキノン、4,4’-ブチリデン-ビス(3-メチル-6-tert-ブチルフェノール)、3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシトルエン、2,2’-メチレン-ビス(4-エチル-6-tert-ブチルフェノール)、トリエチレングリコール-ビス[3-(3-tert-ブチル-5-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]、ペンタエリスリチル-テトラキス[3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]、2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-sec-ブチルフェノール、2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-メチルフェノール、4-tert-ブチルカテコール、4,4’-チオビス(6-tert-ブチル-m-クレゾール)、トコフェロール、ノルジヒドログアイアレチン酸等のフェノール化合物;セミカルバジド、1-アセチルセミカルバジド、1-クロロアセチルセミカルバジド、1-ジクロロアセチルセミカルバジド、1-ベンゾイルセミカルバジド、セミカルバゾン等のセミカルバジド誘導体;カルボヒドラジド、チオセミカルバジド、チオセミカルバゾン等のチオカルバジドの誘導体;N,N’-ジフェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、4,4’-ビス(2,4-ジメチルベンジル)ジフェニルアミン等のアミン化合物;4-ニトロアニソール、N-ニトロソジフェニルアミン、4-ニトロアニリン、N-ニトロソフェニルヒドロキシリルアミンアルミニウム塩等のニトロ化合物又はニトロソ化合物;トリフェニルホスファイト、ジフェニルイソデシルホスファイト、フェニルジイソデシルホスファイト、4,4’-ブチリデン-ビス(3-メチル-6-tert-ブチルフェニル-ジ-トリデシルホスファイト)、サイクリックネオペンタンテトライルビス(オクタデシルホスファイト)、トリス(ノニルフェニル)ホスファイト、トリス(ジノニルフェニル)ホスファイト等のリン化合物;スチレン、1,3-ヘキサジエン、α-メチルスチレン等の不飽和炭化水素化合物;及びジラウリルチオジプロピオネート、ジミリスチルチオジプロピオネート、ジステアリルチオジプロピオネート、ドデシルメルカプタン、1,3-ジフェニル-2-チオ尿素等の硫黄化合物等が挙げられる。
本発明の方法において、必要に応じて、塩化ビニル系重合体の製造に一般的に使用されている重合度調整剤、連鎖移動剤、ゲル化改良剤、帯電防止剤等を適宜使用してもよい。また、酸化防止剤を重合反応の制御、生成した重合体の劣化防止等の目的で、重合開始前、重合中あるいは重合終了後に重合系に添加してもよい。
また、重合における他の条件、例えば、重合器への水性媒体、塩化ビニル単量体又は塩化ビニル単量体を含む単量体混合物、分散助剤、重合開始剤等の仕込み方法、仕込み割合、並びに重合温度等は従来の条件と同様で差し支えない。
還流コンデンサー及び泡センサーを付した内容積100m3のステンレス製重合器内に、脱イオン水49.0t、鹸化度80モル%の部分鹸化ポリビニルアルコール19.1kg、並びにメトキシ置換度が28.5重量%及びヒドロキシルプロピル置換基が8.9重量%のヒドロキシメチルセルロース7.15kgを仕込んだ後、所定量の塩化ビニル単量体35.0tを仕込んだ。重合開始剤としてビス(2-エチルヘキシル)パーオキシジカーボネート17.5kgを仕込み、同時にジャケットに温水を通して昇温を開始し、重合器内が57.0℃まで昇温したところで、その温度を保ち250rpmの回転数で重合を続けた。
重合率が70%に到達した時点で、重量平均分子量が3300、及び、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドのモル比が60/40であり、両末端にブチル基を有する共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を、350kg添加した。その後、重合反応器内の圧力が0.588MPa・G(4,410mmHg)に降圧した時点(重合率86%)まで反応を行い、その後、重合器内にトリエチレングリコール-ビス[3-(3-tert-ブチル-5-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]の30%水性分散液を35kg添加し、未反応の単量体を回収した。得られた重合体スラリー中に25%アンモニア水10kgを添加してpHを調整後、重合体スラリーを脱水及び乾燥することにより、塩化ビニル重合体を得た。特に粒度分布、嵩比重、ポロシティにおいて問題はなかった。
ポリエーテルの種類以外は実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、重量平均分子量が2,000、及び、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドのモル比が40/60であり、両末端にオクチル基を有する共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を用いた。
ポリエーテルの種類以外は実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、重量平均分子量が2,400、及び、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドのモル比が30/70であり、両末端にブチル基を有する共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を用いた。
ポリエーテルの種類以外は実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、重量平均分子量が3,000、及び、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドのモル比が20/80であり、両末端にオクチル基を有する共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を用いた。
ポリエーテルの種類以外は実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、重量平均分子量が1,200、及び、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドのモル比が10/90であり、両末端にブチル基を有する共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を用いた。
ポリエーテルの種類以外は実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、重量平均分子量が2,700、及び、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドのモル比が20/80であり、両末端にオクチル基を有する共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を用いた。
ポリエーテルの種類以外は実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、重量平均分子量が2,500、及び、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドのモル比が20/80であり、両末端にブチル基を有する共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を用いた。
共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を、175kg添加した以外は、実施例4と同様に行った。
共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を、1,050kg添加した以外は、実施例4と同様に行った。
重合率が40%に到達した時点で、共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を添加した以外は、実施例4と同様に行った。
重合率が80%に到達した時点で、共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を添加した以外は、実施例4と同様に行った。
共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を、175kg添加した以外は、実施例2と同様に行った。
重合率が40%に到達した時点で、共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を添加した以外は、実施例2と同様に行った。
重合率が80%に到達した時点で、共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を添加した以外は、実施例2と同様に行った。
還流コンデンサーを付しておらず、泡センサーを付した内容積100m3のステンレス製重合器を用いたこと、及び、ポリエーテル共重合体を用いていないこと以外は実施例1と同様にして行った。
ポリエーテル共重合体を用いていないこと以外は実施例1と同様にして行った。
以下のポリエーテル共重合体を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、重量平均分子量が150万、及び、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドのモル比が80/20である共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を用いた。
以下のポリエーテル共重合体を使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして実験を行い、重量平均分子量が15,000、及び、エチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドのモル比が20/80である共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を用いた。
共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液を調整し、該水溶液の粘度をデジタル回転粘度計DV3T(英弘精機株式会社製)によって測定した。なお、粘度の測定は20℃で行い、粘度測定の回転数は実施例1~10では250rpm、比較例2では100rpmで粘度測定を行った。共重合ポリエーテルの1%水溶液の粘度が10cP以上を×、1.5cP以上10cP未満を△、1.5cP未満を○とした。
重合缶壁面に付着した塩化ビニル樹脂付着量を評価した。1cm2当たりの塩化ビニル樹脂付着量が目視により100粒以上を×、10粒以上100粒未満を△、10粒未満を○とした。
添加なし(比較例2)でのレベルに対して、レベルの低下が10cm未満を×、10cm以上30cm未満を△、30cm以上50cm未満を○、50cm以上を◎とした。
内径25mm、深さ85mmのアルミニウム合金製重合器の底にグラスファイバーを詰め、該重合器に試料PVC10gを投入し、次にジオクチルフタレート(DOP)15mlを加えた。そして、30分間放置して試料にDOPを充分浸透させた後、1500Gの加速度下で試料から過剰量のDOPを遠心分離した。試料に吸収されたDOPの量をDOP吸収前の試料の重量に対する重量%として求めた。
JIS K-6723に準じて試料PVCを測定した。
Claims (5)
- 重合器を用いて、塩化ビニル単量体又は塩化ビニル単量体及びこれと共重合可能な単量体の混合物を水性媒体中で重合し、塩化ビニル系重合体を製造する方法であって、
前記重合器に、重量平均分子量が1000~3500及びエチレンオキシドとプロピレンオキシドのモル比が10/90~60/40であり、両末端にアルキル基またはアリール基を有する共重合ポリエーテルの水溶液を、前記共重合ポリエーテルとして、仕込んだ前記塩化ビニル単量体100重量部に対して0.005重量部~0.050重量部添加することを特徴とする、塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法。 - 前記共重合ポリエーテルにおける両末端に炭素数2~12のアルキル基を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法。
- 前記重合において、重合率30%~80%の重合段階で前記共重合ポリエーテルの水溶液を添加することを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法。
- 前記重合器の容量が容積50m3以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法。
- 前記重合器に還流コンデンサーが付設されていることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法。
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| CN202080044506.6A CN114008085B (zh) | 2019-06-19 | 2020-06-08 | 氯乙烯系聚合物的制造方法 |
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| JP2009062425A (ja) * | 2007-09-05 | 2009-03-26 | Shin Dai-Ichi Vinyl Corp | 塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法 |
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| JP2005281659A (ja) * | 2004-03-05 | 2005-10-13 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 塩化ビニル系重合体の製造方法 |
| JP6990062B2 (ja) * | 2017-08-04 | 2022-01-12 | 株式会社日本触媒 | グラフト重合体 |
| JP6627041B2 (ja) | 2017-08-02 | 2020-01-08 | サンノプコ株式会社 | 塩化ビニル系樹脂スラリー用消泡剤及び塩化ビニル系樹脂の製造方法 |
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| CN114008085B (zh) | 2023-12-22 |
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