WO2020256521A1 - 제한된 예측 모드에서 복원후 필터링을 수행하는 비디오 부호화 방법 및 장치, 비디오 복호화 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
제한된 예측 모드에서 복원후 필터링을 수행하는 비디오 부호화 방법 및 장치, 비디오 복호화 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of video encoding and decoding. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding a video by dividing an image into various types of blocks.
- the square coding units are uniformly divided into four coding units of the same size through a recursive splitting process. I decided.
- the quality deterioration of a reconstructed image caused by the use of a uniform coding unit called a square for a high-resolution image has been a problem. Accordingly, methods and apparatuses for dividing a high-resolution image into various types of coding units have been proposed.
- the present disclosure provides an encoding method and apparatus, and a decoding method and apparatus for effectively signaling syntax elements for sizes of various types of coding units.
- access to an upper block is restricted or in a restricted intra prediction mode, corresponding to neighboring samples to perform filtering after reconstructing a current block. It is a technical task to determine the padding value.
- a video decoding method includes: obtaining limited prediction information indicating whether a limited intra prediction mode is activated; Generating reconstructed samples of the current block using prediction samples of the current block and residual samples of the current block; When the limited intra prediction mode is activated by the limited prediction information and the prediction mode of the neighboring block is not the intra prediction mode, a neighboring sample adjacent to the outside of a boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block is selected, the Determining using the reconstructed sample of the current block; It may include performing post-reconstruction filtering on the current block by using a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample.
- a current block sample value is used instead of the sample value of the neighboring block. Filtering can be performed after restoring the block. For this reason, it is possible to fundamentally prevent performing post-reconstruction filtering on the current block by using information of neighboring blocks whose reliability of neighboring reconstructed samples is not high due to a poor coding environment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of decoding an image according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a process of determining at least one coding unit by dividing a current coding unit by an image decoding apparatus, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a process in which an image decoding apparatus determines at least one coding unit by dividing coding units having a non-square shape, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a process in which an image decoding apparatus divides a coding unit based on at least one of block type information and split type mode information, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method for an image decoding apparatus to determine a predetermined coding unit among odd number of coding units, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an order in which a plurality of coding units are processed when a plurality of coding units are determined by dividing a current coding unit by an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a process of determining that a current coding unit is divided into odd number of coding units when coding units cannot be processed in a predetermined order, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a process of determining at least one coding unit by dividing a first coding unit by an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 10 illustrates that, according to an embodiment, when a second coding unit of a non-square shape determined by splitting a first coding unit satisfies a predetermined condition, a form in which the second coding unit can be split is limited. Shows that.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a process in which an image decoding apparatus splits a square coding unit when it is not possible to indicate that split mode information is split into four square coding units, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 12 illustrates that a processing order between a plurality of coding units may vary according to a splitting process of a coding unit according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a process in which a depth of a coding unit is determined according to a change in a shape and size of a coding unit when a coding unit is recursively split to determine a plurality of coding units according to an embodiment.
- PID 14 illustrates a depth that may be determined according to a shape and size of coding units and a part index (hereinafter referred to as PID) for classifying coding units according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 15 illustrates that a plurality of coding units are determined according to a plurality of predetermined data units included in a picture, according to an embodiment.
- 16 is a block diagram of a video encoding and decoding system.
- 17 shows an image decoding process including filtering after reconstruction.
- 19 is a block diagram of a video decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart of a video decoding method according to an embodiment.
- 21 is a block diagram of a video encoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a video encoding method according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 23 illustrates a process of checking availability of neighboring samples adjacent to a current block according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 24 illustrates a process of determining a padding value corresponding to a neighboring sample for filtering after reconstructing a current block based on availability of a neighboring sample, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 25 illustrates a process of determining a padding value corresponding to a neighboring sample for filtering after reconstructing a current block based on availability of neighboring samples and a limited prediction mode, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an even code for defining intra prediction when a flag indicating a case of a general intra prediction mode exists, according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating a number code for defining intra prediction when an index for indicating an on/off state of other intra prediction modes other than a normal intra prediction mode exists, according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram of a number code for collectively limiting a block size before an intra prediction mode is determined according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating a number code for limiting a block intra size together with a general intra prediction mode flag according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram of a pseudocode for limiting intra prediction to be performed only under a specific block size, according to another embodiment.
- a video decoding method includes: obtaining limited prediction information indicating whether a limited intra prediction mode is activated; Generating reconstructed samples of the current block using prediction samples of the current block and residual samples of the current block; When the limited intra prediction mode is activated by the limited prediction information, and the prediction mode of the neighboring block is not the intra prediction mode, corresponding to a neighboring sample adjacent to the outside of a boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block Determining a padding value using the reconstructed samples of the current block; It may include performing post-reconstruction filtering on the current block by using a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample.
- generating the reconstructed samples of the current block includes: generating prediction samples of the current block by performing prediction on the current block; And generating residual samples of the current block by performing an inverse transformation on the current block.
- the determining of the padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample by using the reconstructed sample of the current block includes a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample located outside the boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block. It may include determining to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block adjacent to.
- a neighboring sample located outside a boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block The padding value corresponding to may be determined to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block adjacent to the boundary line.
- performing the filtering after reconstructing the current block using a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample includes two reconstructed samples of the current block adjacent to the boundary line and two reconstructed samples adjacent to the boundary line. It may include performing 2x2 Hadamard transform region filtering using padding values corresponding to n neighboring samples.
- performing the filtering after reconstructing the current block using a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample comprises: a reconstructed sample of the current block adjacent to the boundary line and a neighbor sample adjacent to the boundary line. It may include performing bilateral filtering by using the corresponding padding value.
- the video decoding method includes: performing prediction in an intra mode on a first block adjacent to the current block by using a reconstructed sample of the current block updated through filtering after reconstructing; And performing in-loop filtering on the reconstructed sample of the current block updated through the filtering after the restoration.
- a video decoding apparatus includes: an acquisition unit that obtains limited prediction information indicating whether a limited intra prediction mode is activated; A reconstructor configured to generate reconstructed samples of the current block using prediction samples of the current block and residual samples of the current block; When the limited intra prediction mode is activated according to the limited prediction information and the prediction mode of the neighboring block is not the intra prediction mode, a neighboring sample adjacent to the outside of a boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block is selected, the A post-reconstruction filtering unit for padding the current block using reconstructed samples and performing post-reconstruction filtering on the current block by using a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample.
- a video encoding method includes: generating limited prediction information indicating whether a limited intra prediction mode is activated; Generating reconstructed samples of the current block using prediction samples of the current block and residual samples of the current block; When the limited intra prediction mode is activated and the prediction mode of the neighboring block is not the intra prediction mode, a padding value corresponding to a neighboring sample adjacent to an outer boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block is determined as the current block. Determining using the reconstructed sample of; It may include performing post-reconstruction filtering on the current block by using a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample.
- generating the reconstructed samples of the current block includes: generating prediction samples of the current block by performing prediction on the current block; And generating residual samples of the current block by performing an inverse transformation on the current block.
- the determining of the padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample by using the reconstructed sample of the current block includes a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample located outside the boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block. It may include determining to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block adjacent to.
- a neighboring sample located outside a boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block The padding value corresponding to may be determined to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block adjacent to the boundary line.
- performing the filtering after reconstructing the current block using a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample includes two reconstructed samples of the current block adjacent to the boundary line and two reconstructed samples adjacent to the boundary line. It may include performing 2x2 Hadamard transform region filtering using padding values corresponding to n neighboring samples.
- performing the filtering after reconstructing the current block using a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample comprises: a reconstructed sample of the current block adjacent to the boundary line and a neighbor sample adjacent to the boundary line. It may include performing viral filtering by using the corresponding padding value.
- the video encoding method includes: performing prediction in an intra mode on a first block adjacent to the current block by using reconstructed samples of the current block updated through filtering after reconstructing; And performing in-loop filtering on the reconstructed sample of the current block updated through the filtering after the restoration.
- a computer-readable recording medium on which a program for implementing a video decoding method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is recorded with a computer is disclosed.
- a computer-readable recording medium in which a program for implementing a video encoding method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is recorded with a computer is disclosed.
- one component when one component is referred to as “connected” or “connected” to another component, the one component may be directly connected or directly connected to the other component, but specially It should be understood that as long as there is no opposing substrate, it may be connected or may be connected via another component in the middle.
- each of the components to be described below may additionally perform some or all of the functions that other components are responsible for in addition to its own main function, and some of the main functions that each component is responsible for are different. It goes without saying that it may be performed exclusively by components.
- 'image' or'picture' may represent a still image of a video or a moving picture, that is, a video itself.
- sample refers to data allocated to a sampling position of an image and to be processed.
- a pixel value in an image in a spatial domain and transform coefficients in a transform domain may be samples.
- a unit including at least one such sample may be defined as a block.
- the'current block' may mean a block of a largest coding unit, a coding unit, a prediction unit, or a transformation unit of a current image to be encoded or decoded.
- a motion vector when a motion vector is in the list 0 direction, it may mean that it is a motion vector used to indicate a block in a reference picture included in list 0, and that a motion vector is in the list 1 direction, It may mean that it is a motion vector used to indicate a block in the reference picture included in List 1. Also, that a motion vector is unidirectional may mean that it is a motion vector used to point to a block in a reference picture included in list 0 or list 1, and that a motion vector is bidirectional means that the motion vector is in the list 0 direction. This may mean that a motion vector and a motion vector in the list 1 direction are included.
- a'binary split' of a block means a division in which two sub-blocks having half the width or height of the block are generated.
- division is performed in the vertical direction (vertical direction) at half the width of the current block, so the height of the current block and the height of the current block
- Two sub-blocks having the same height may be created.
- division is performed horizontally (horizontal direction) at half the height of the current block, so the current block has a height that is half the height of the current block and the width of the current block is the same. Two sub-blocks can be created.
- a'ternary split' of a block means a division in which the width or height of a block is divided by a ratio of 1:2:1 to generate three sub-blocks. Specifically, when a'ternary vertical division' is performed on the current block, division is performed in the vertical direction (vertical direction) at a ratio of 1:2:1 of the width of the current block. Two sub-blocks having a width and the same height as the current block and one sub-block having a width that is 2/4 of the width of the current block and the same height as the current block may be created.
- a'quadsplit' of a block means a division in which the width and height of a block are divided in a 1:1 ratio to generate four sub-blocks. Specifically, when'quad division' is performed on the current block, division is performed vertically (vertical direction) at half the width of the current block, and horizontally (horizontal direction) at half the height of the current block. Since this is performed, four sub-blocks having a width that is 1/2 of the width of the current block and a height that is 1/2 of the height of the current block can be created.
- FIGS. 1 to 16 A method of determining a data unit of an image according to an exemplary embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 15, and a video encoding/decoding method according to an exemplary embodiment will be described later with reference to FIGS. 16 to 31.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 a method and an apparatus for adaptively selecting based on various types of coding units according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may include a receiving unit 110 and a decoding unit 120.
- the receiving unit 110 and the decoding unit 120 may include at least one processor.
- the receiving unit 110 and the decoding unit 120 may include a memory storing instructions to be executed by at least one processor.
- the receiver 110 may receive a bitstream.
- the bitstream includes information obtained by encoding an image by the image encoding apparatus 2200 to be described later. Also, the bitstream may be transmitted from the image encoding apparatus 2200.
- the image encoding apparatus 2200 and the image decoding apparatus 100 may be connected by wire or wirelessly, and the receiver 110 may receive a bitstream through wired or wireless.
- the receiving unit 110 may receive a bitstream from a storage medium such as an optical media or a hard disk.
- the decoder 120 may reconstruct an image based on information obtained from the received bitstream.
- the decoder 120 may obtain a syntax element for reconstructing an image from the bitstream.
- the decoder 120 may reconstruct an image based on the syntax element.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of decoding an image according to an embodiment.
- the receiver 110 receives a bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 performs an operation 210 of obtaining a binstring corresponding to a split mode mode of a coding unit from a bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 performs an operation 220 of determining a partitioning rule of a coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 performs an operation 230 of dividing a coding unit into a plurality of coding units based on at least one of a binstring corresponding to a split mode and the splitting rule.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an allowable first range of the size of the coding unit according to a ratio of the width and height of the coding unit to determine a splitting rule.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an allowable second range of a size of a coding unit according to a split type mode of a coding unit in order to determine a splitting rule.
- one picture may be divided into one or more slices or one or more tiles.
- One slice or one tile may be a sequence of one or more largest coding units (CTU).
- CTU largest coding unit
- CTB largest coding block
- the largest coding block CTB refers to an NxN block including NxN samples (N is an integer). Each color component may be divided into one or more maximum coding blocks.
- the maximum coding unit is a maximum coding block of luma samples, two maximum coding blocks of chroma samples corresponding to the maximum coding block, and luma. It is a unit including syntax structures used to encode samples and chroma samples.
- the maximum coding unit is a unit including a maximum coding block of a monochrome sample and syntax structures used to encode the monochrome samples.
- the maximum coding unit is a unit including the picture and syntax structures used to encode samples of the picture.
- One maximum coding block CTB may be divided into MxN coding blocks including MxN samples (M and N are integers).
- a coding unit refers to a coding block of a luma sample and two coding blocks of chroma samples corresponding to the coding block, and coding luma samples and chroma samples. It is a unit that contains syntax structures used to do so.
- the coding unit is a unit including a coding block of a monochrome sample and syntax structures used to encode the monochrome samples.
- the coding unit is a unit including the picture and syntax structures used to encode samples of the picture.
- a largest coding block and a largest coding unit are concepts that are distinguished from each other, and a coding block and a coding unit are concepts that are distinguished from each other. That is, the (maximum) coding unit refers to a data structure including a (maximum) coding block including a corresponding sample and a syntax structure corresponding thereto.
- the (maximum) coding unit or the (maximum) coding block refers to a block of a predetermined size including a predetermined number of samples, the following specification describes the largest coding block and the largest coding unit, or the coding block and coding unit. Is mentioned without distinction unless there are special circumstances.
- An image may be divided into a largest coding unit (CTU).
- the size of the largest coding unit may be determined based on information obtained from the bitstream.
- the shape of the largest coding unit may have a square of the same size. However, it is not limited thereto.
- information on the maximum size of a luma coding block may be obtained from the bitstream.
- the maximum size of the luma coded block indicated by information on the maximum size of the luma coded block may be one of 4x4, 8x8, 16x16, 32x32, 64x64, 128x128, and 256x256.
- information about a maximum size of a luma coded block capable of dividing into two and a difference in size of the luma block may be obtained from the bitstream.
- the information on the difference in the size of the luma block may indicate a difference in size between the largest luma coding unit and the largest luma coding block that can be split into two.
- the size of the largest luma coding unit may be determined. If the size of the largest luma coding unit is used, the size of the largest chroma coding unit may also be determined.
- the size of the chroma block may be half the size of the luma block, and similarly, the size of the chroma largest coding unit is of the luma largest coding unit. It can be half the size.
- the maximum size of a luma coded block capable of binary splitting may be variably determined.
- a maximum size of a luma coding block capable of ternary splitting may be fixed.
- a maximum size of a luma coded block capable of ternary division in an I picture may be 32x32
- a maximum size of a luma coded block capable of ternary division in a P picture or B picture may be 64x64.
- the largest coding unit may be hierarchically split into coding units based on split type mode information obtained from a bitstream.
- split type mode information at least one of information indicating whether or not quad splitting, information indicating whether or not multi-dividing, information regarding a division direction, and information about a split type may be obtained from the bitstream.
- information indicating whether the current coding unit is quad split may indicate whether the current coding unit is to be quad split (QUAD_SPLIT) or not quad split.
- information indicating whether the current coding unit is not divided into multiple divisions may indicate whether the current coding unit is no longer divided (NO_SPLIT) or binary/ternary division.
- the split direction information indicates that the current coding unit is split in either a horizontal direction or a vertical direction.
- the split type information indicates that the current coding unit is split into binary split) or ternary split.
- a split mode of the current coding unit may be determined according to split direction information and split type information.
- the split mode when the current coding unit is binary split in the horizontal direction is binary horizontal split (SPLIT_BT_HOR), ternary horizontal split if ternary split in the horizontal direction (SPLIT_TT_HOR), and the split mode if binary split in the vertical direction is
- the binary vertical division (SPLIT_BT_VER) and the division mode in the case of ternary division in the vertical direction may be determined as ternary vertical division (SPLIT_BT_VER).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain split mode information from a bitstream from one binstring.
- the type of the bitstream received by the video decoding apparatus 100 may include a fixed length binary code, an unary code, a truncated unary code, a predetermined binary code, and the like.
- An empty string is a binary representation of information.
- the binstring may consist of at least one bit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain information on a division type mode corresponding to a binstring based on a division rule.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to divide the coding unit into quads or not, or determine a division direction and a division type based on one binstring.
- the coding unit may be less than or equal to the largest coding unit.
- the largest coding unit is also a coding unit having a maximum size, it is one of the coding units.
- a coding unit determined in the largest coding unit has the same size as the largest coding unit.
- the largest coding unit may be split into coding units.
- the split type mode information for the coding unit indicates splitting, the coding units may be split into coding units having smaller sizes.
- the division of the image is not limited thereto, and the largest coding unit and the coding unit may not be distinguished. Splitting of the coding unit will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 16.
- one or more prediction blocks for prediction may be determined from the coding unit.
- the prediction block may be equal to or smaller than the coding unit.
- one or more transform blocks for transformation may be determined from the coding unit.
- the transform block may be equal to or smaller than the coding unit.
- the shape and size of the transform block and the prediction block may not be related to each other.
- the coding unit may be a prediction block, and prediction may be performed using the coding unit.
- the coding unit may be a transform block and transformation may be performed using the coding unit.
- the current block and the neighboring block of the present disclosure may represent one of a largest coding unit, a coding unit, a prediction block, and a transform block.
- the current block or the current coding unit is a block currently undergoing decoding or encoding or a block currently undergoing splitting.
- the neighboring block may be a block restored before the current block.
- the neighboring blocks may be spatially or temporally adjacent to the current block.
- the neighboring block may be located in one of the lower left, left, upper left, upper, upper right, right and lower right of the current block.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a process of determining at least one coding unit by dividing a current coding unit by an image decoding apparatus, according to an embodiment.
- the block shape may include 4Nx4N, 4Nx2N, 2Nx4N, 4NxN, Nx4N, 32NxN, Nx32N, 16NxN, Nx16N, 8NxN, or Nx8N.
- N may be a positive integer.
- the block type information is information indicating at least one of a shape, a direction, a ratio or a size of a width and a height of a coding unit.
- the shape of the coding unit may include a square and a non-square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine block type information of the coding unit as a square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the shape of the coding unit as a non-square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 Block type information of the coding unit may be determined as a non-square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 adjusts the ratio of the width and height among block type information of the coding unit to 1:2, 2:1, 1:4, 4:1, and 1:8. , 8:1, 1:16, 16:1, 1:32, 32:1.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether the coding unit is in a horizontal direction or a vertical direction. In addition, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the coding unit based on at least one of the width, height, or width of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a type of a coding unit using block type information, and may determine in what type a coding unit is divided using the split type mode information. That is, a method of dividing the coding unit indicated by the division type mode information may be determined according to which block type the block type information used by the image decoding apparatus 100 represents.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain split type mode information from the bitstream. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the image decoding apparatus 100 and the image encoding apparatus 2200 may determine predetermined split type mode information based on the block type information.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine split type mode information predetermined for the largest coding unit or the smallest coding unit. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the split type mode information for the largest coding unit as a quad split. In addition, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the split type mode information as "not split" for the minimum coding unit. In more detail, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the largest coding unit as 256x256.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine pre-promised segmentation mode information as quad segmentation.
- Quad splitting is a split mode in which both the width and height of a coding unit are bisected.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a coding unit having a size of 128x128 from the largest coding unit having a size of 256x256 based on the split type mode information.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size of the minimum coding unit to be 4x4.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain split type mode information indicating "no splitting" with respect to the minimum coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use block type information indicating that the current coding unit is a square shape. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to split a square coding unit, split it vertically, split it horizontally, split it horizontally, or split it into four coding units according to split mode information.
- the decoder 120 when block type information of the current coding unit 300 represents a square shape, the decoder 120 has the same size as the current coding unit 300 according to split type mode information indicating that it is not split.
- the coding unit 310a having a is not split, or split coding units 310b, 310c, 310d, 310e, 310f, etc. may be determined based on split mode information indicating a predetermined splitting method.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses two coding units 310b obtained by vertically splitting the current coding unit 300 based on split mode information indicating that the image is split in the vertical direction. You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine two coding units 310c obtained by splitting the current coding unit 300 in the horizontal direction based on split mode information indicating that the image is split in the horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine four coding units 310d obtained by splitting the current coding unit 300 vertically and horizontally based on split mode information indicating splitting in the vertical and horizontal directions.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may generate three coding units 310e obtained by vertically dividing the current coding unit 300 based on split mode information indicating ternary splitting in the vertical direction. You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine three coding units 310f obtained by splitting the current coding unit 300 in the horizontal direction based on split mode information indicating that ternary splitting is performed in the horizontal direction.
- the split form in which the square coding unit can be split is limited to the above-described form and should not be interpreted, and various forms that can be represented by the split mode information may be included. Pre-determined split forms in which the square coding unit is split will be described in detail through various embodiments below.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a process in which an image decoding apparatus determines at least one coding unit by dividing coding units having a non-square shape, according to an exemplary embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use block type information indicating that the current coding unit is a non-square type.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to split the non-square current coding unit or split it by a predetermined method according to the split type mode information. Referring to FIG.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may be configured to use the current coding unit ( Coding units 410 or 460 having the same size as 400 or 450) are determined, or coding units 420a, 420b, 430a, 430b, 430c, 470a divided based on split mode information indicating a predetermined splitting method , 470b, 480a, 480b, 480c) can be determined.
- a predetermined splitting method in which a non-square coding unit is split will be described in detail through various embodiments below.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a form in which a coding unit is split using split form mode information, and in this case, the split form mode information includes at least one coding unit generated by splitting the coding unit. Can represent the number.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the current coding unit 400 or 450 based on the split type mode information. 450) may be split to determine two coding units 420a and 420b or 470a and 470b included in the current coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 when the image decoding apparatus 100 splits a non-square type of current coding unit 400 or 450 based on the split type mode information, the image decoding apparatus 100
- the current coding unit may be split in consideration of the position of the long side of the coding unit 400 or 450.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 splits the current coding unit 400 or 450 in a direction for dividing the long side of the current coding unit 400 or 450 in consideration of the shape of the current coding unit 400 or 450
- a plurality of coding units may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 when the split mode information indicates that coding units are split into odd blocks (ternary split), the image decoding apparatus 100 encodes odd numbers included in the current coding units 400 or 450. You can decide the unit. For example, when the split mode information indicates that the current coding unit 400 or 450 is split into three coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may convert the current coding unit 400 or 450 into three coding units ( 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, 480c).
- a ratio of the width and height of the current coding unit 400 or 450 may be 4:1 or 1:4.
- the ratio of the width and the height is 4:1, since the length of the width is longer than the length of the height, the block shape information may be in the horizontal direction.
- the ratio of the width and the height is 1:4, since the length of the width is shorter than the length of the height, the block shape information may be in a vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine to divide the current coding unit into odd-numbered blocks based on the split mode information. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a split direction of the current coding unit 400 or 450 based on block type information of the current coding unit 400 or 450.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding units 430a, 430b, and 430c by dividing the current coding unit 400 in the horizontal direction. Also, when the current coding unit 450 is in the horizontal direction, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding units 480a, 480b, and 480c by dividing the current coding unit 450 in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an odd number of coding units included in the current coding unit 400 or 450, and all sizes of the determined coding units may not be the same.
- the size of a predetermined coding unit 430b or 480b among the determined odd number of coding units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, 480c is different from other coding units 430a, 430c, 480a, 480c You can also have That is, a coding unit that can be determined by splitting the current coding unit 400 or 450 may have a plurality of types of sizes, and in some cases, an odd number of coding units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, 480c May each have a different size.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an odd number of coding units included in the current coding unit 400 or 450, and Furthermore, the image decoding apparatus 100 may place a predetermined limit on at least one coding unit among odd number of coding units generated by dividing.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 is a coding unit positioned at the center of three coding units 430a, 430b, 430c, 480a, 480b, 480c generated by splitting a current coding unit 400 or 450
- the decoding process for 430b and 480b may be different from that of other coding units 430a, 430c, 480a, and 480c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 limits the coding units 430b and 480b located at the center so that they are not further divided or limited to a predetermined number of times. Can be restricted to be divided.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a process in which an image decoding apparatus divides a coding unit based on at least one of block type information and split type mode information, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the square-shaped first coding unit 500 is divided into coding units or not divided based on at least one of block type information and split type mode information. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 500 in the horizontal direction to perform the second encoding.
- the unit 510 can be determined.
- a first coding unit, a second coding unit, and a third coding unit used according to an embodiment are terms used to understand a relationship before and after splitting between coding units.
- a second coding unit when the first coding unit is split, a second coding unit may be determined, and when the second coding unit is split, a third coding unit may be determined.
- a third coding unit may be determined when the second coding unit is split.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the determined second coding unit 510 is split into coding units or not split based on split type mode information. Referring to FIG. 5, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a first coding unit 500 based on split mode information to perform at least one third coding on a second coding unit 510 in a non-square shape determined The units 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, etc.) may be divided or the second coding unit 510 may not be divided. The image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain split type mode information, and the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 500 based on the obtained split type mode information to perform a plurality of second encodings of various types.
- a unit (eg, 510) may be divided, and the second coding unit 510 may be divided according to a method in which the first coding unit 500 is divided based on the split type mode information.
- the second coding unit 510 when the first coding unit 500 is split into second coding units 510 based on split mode information for the first coding unit 500, the second coding unit 510 is also The second coding unit 510 may be split into third coding units (eg, 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, etc.) based on split type mode information. That is, the coding units may be recursively split based on split type mode information related to each coding unit. Accordingly, a square coding unit may be determined from a non-square coding unit, and a non-square coding unit may be determined by recursively splitting the square coding unit.
- a predetermined coding unit (for example, among odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, 520d) determined by splitting a second coding unit 510 in a non-square shape
- a coding unit or a coding unit having a square shape) may be recursively divided.
- a square-shaped third coding unit 520b which is one of the odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d, may be split in a horizontal direction and split into a plurality of fourth coding units.
- One of the plurality of fourth coding units 530a, 530b, 530c, and 530d which is a non-square type fourth coding unit 530b or 530d, may be further divided into a plurality of coding units.
- the fourth coding unit 530b or 530d having a non-square shape may be split again into odd coding units.
- a method that can be used for recursive partitioning of coding units will be described later through various embodiments.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide each of the third coding units 520a, 520b, 520c, 520d, etc. into coding units based on split mode information. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine not to split the second coding unit 510 based on the split mode information. The image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the second coding unit 510 in a non-square shape into odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d according to an embodiment. The image decoding apparatus 100 may place a predetermined limit on a predetermined third coding unit among the odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 should be limited to a coding unit 520c positioned in the middle of the odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d, or divided by a settable number of times. You can limit yourself to what you do.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 includes a coding unit positioned in the middle among odd number of third coding units 520b, 520c, and 520d included in a second coding unit 510 having a non-square shape ( 520c) is not further divided or is divided into a predetermined division type (e.g., divided into only four coding units or divided into a shape corresponding to the divided shape of the second coding unit 510), or a predetermined It can be limited to dividing only by the number of times (for example, dividing only n times, n>0).
- central coding unit 520c is merely exemplary embodiments, it is limited to the above-described exemplary embodiments and should not be interpreted, and the central coding unit 520c is different from the other coding units 520b and 520d. ), it should be interpreted as including various restrictions that can be decrypted differently.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain split type mode information used to split a current coding unit at a predetermined position within the current coding unit.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a method for an image decoding apparatus to determine a predetermined coding unit among odd number of coding units, according to an embodiment.
- split type mode information of the current coding units 600 and 650 is a sample at a predetermined position among a plurality of samples included in the current coding units 600 and 650 (for example, a sample located in the center ( 640, 690)).
- a predetermined position in the current coding unit 600 in which at least one of the split mode information can be obtained should not be interpreted as being limited to the center position shown in FIG. 6, and the predetermined position is included in the current coding unit 600. It should be interpreted that a variety of possible locations (eg, top, bottom, left, right, top left, bottom left, top right or bottom right, etc.) may be included.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the current coding unit is divided into coding units of various types and sizes or not divided by obtaining split type mode information obtained from a predetermined location.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may select one of the coding units.
- Methods for selecting one of a plurality of coding units may be various, and a description of these methods will be described later through various embodiments below.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a current coding unit into a plurality of coding units and determine a coding unit at a predetermined location.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use information indicating a location of each of the odd number of coding units to determine a coding unit located in the middle of the odd number of coding units. Referring to FIG. 6, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a current coding unit 600 or a current coding unit 650 to divide an odd number of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c or an odd number of coding units 660a. 660b, 660c) can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses the information on the positions of the odd number of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c or the odd number of coding units 660a, 660b, 660c, and the middle coding unit 620b or the middle coding unit (660b) can be determined. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the location of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c based on information indicating the location of a predetermined sample included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c. The coding unit 620b positioned at may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 includes coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c based on information indicating a location of the upper left sample 630a, 630b, and 630c of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c.
- the coding unit 620b positioned in the center may be determined by determining the position of.
- information indicating the location of the upper left sample 630a, 630b, and 630c included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, respectively is within a picture of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c. It may include information about the location or coordinates of. According to an embodiment, information indicating the location of the upper left sample 630a, 630b, and 630c included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, respectively, is the coding units 620a included in the current coding unit 600. , 620b, 620c) may include information indicating the width or height of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c.
- the width or height may correspond to information indicating a difference between coordinates within a picture of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 directly uses information on a location or coordinates within a picture of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, or information on a width or height of a coding unit corresponding to a difference value between coordinates.
- the coding unit 620b positioned in the center may be determined by using.
- information indicating the location of the upper left sample 630a of the upper coding unit 620a may represent (xa, ya) coordinates
- Information indicating the location of) may indicate (xb, yb) coordinates
- information indicating the location of the upper left sample 630c of the lower coding unit 620c may indicate (xc, yc) coordinates.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the center coding unit 620b by using coordinates of the upper left samples 630a, 630b, and 630c included in the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, respectively.
- the coding unit 620b including (xb, yb) which is the coordinates of the sample 630b located in the center
- the current coding unit 600 may be determined as a coding unit positioned in the middle of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c determined by splitting the current coding unit 600.
- the coordinates indicating the position of the upper left samples 630a, 630b, 630c may indicate the coordinates indicating the absolute position in the picture, and furthermore, the position of the upper left sample 630a of the upper coding unit 620a
- (dxb, dyb) coordinates which is information indicating the relative position of the upper left sample 630b of the center coding unit 620b, indicating the relative position of the upper left sample 630c of the lower coding unit 620c
- Information (dxc, dyc) coordinates can also be used.
- the method of determining the coding unit of a predetermined location by using the coordinates of the sample should not be interpreted limited to the above-described method. Should be interpreted in a way.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may split the current coding unit 600 into a plurality of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, and a predetermined number of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c Coding units can be selected according to criteria. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may select a coding unit 620b having a different size among coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 includes (xa, ya) coordinates, which is information indicating the position of the upper left sample 630a of the upper coding unit 620a, and the upper left sample of the center coding unit 620b.
- 620b, 620c can determine each width or height.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses the coding units 620a and 620b using (xa, ya), (xb, yb), and (xc, yc), which are coordinates representing the positions of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c. , 620c) each size can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the upper coding unit 620a as the width of the current coding unit 600.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the upper coding unit 620a as yb-ya.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the center coding unit 620b as the width of the current coding unit 600.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the central coding unit 620b as yc-yb. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width or height of the lower coding unit using the width or height of the current coding unit and the width and height of the upper coding unit 620a and the center coding unit 620b. . The image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit having a size different from other coding units based on the determined widths and heights of the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c. Referring to FIG.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit 620b having a size different from that of the upper coding unit 620a and the lower coding unit 620c as the coding unit at a predetermined position.
- the process of determining a coding unit having a size different from that of other coding units the process of determining a coding unit at a predetermined location using a size of a coding unit determined based on sample coordinates Therefore, various processes of determining a coding unit at a predetermined location by comparing sizes of coding units determined according to predetermined sample coordinates may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 includes (xd, yd) coordinates, which is information indicating the location of the upper left sample 670a of the left coding unit 660a, and the location of the upper left sample 670b of the center coding unit 660b. Coding units 660a, 660b, and 660c using (xe, ye) coordinates, which is information indicating the position, and (xf, yf) coordinates, which are information indicating the location of the upper left sample 670c of the right coding unit 660c. You can decide the width or height of each.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses the coding units 660a and 660b using (xd, yd), (xe, ye), and (xf, yf), which are coordinates representing the positions of the coding units 660a, 660b, and 660c. , 660c) Each size can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the left coding unit 660a as xe-xd.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the left coding unit 660a as the height of the current coding unit 650.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the width of the center coding unit 660b as xf-xe.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the height of the center coding unit 660b as the height of the current coding unit 600.
- the width or height of the right coding unit 660c is the width or height of the current coding unit 650 and the width and height of the left coding unit 660a and the center coding unit 660b.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit having a size different from other coding units based on the determined width and height of the coding units 660a, 660b, and 660c. Referring to FIG. 6, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit 660b having a size different from the size of the left coding unit 660a and the right coding unit 660c as the coding unit at a predetermined position.
- the location of the sample considered to determine the location of the coding unit should not be interpreted by being limited to the upper left corner described above, and it may be interpreted that information on the location of an arbitrary sample included in the coding unit can be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may select a coding unit at a predetermined position from among odd number of coding units determined by splitting the current coding unit in consideration of a shape of a current coding unit. For example, if the current coding unit has a non-square shape whose width is longer than the height, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the coding unit at a predetermined position according to the horizontal direction. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine one of coding units that set different positions in the horizontal direction and place restrictions on the corresponding coding unit. If the current coding unit has a non-square shape whose height is longer than the width, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit at a predetermined position according to the vertical direction. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine one of coding units that set different positions in the vertical direction and place restrictions on the corresponding coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use information indicating a location of each of the even number of coding units to determine a coding unit of a predetermined position among even number of coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the even number of coding units by dividing the current coding unit (binary splitting), and may determine the coding unit at a predetermined position by using information on the positions of the even number of coding units.
- a detailed process for this may be a process corresponding to a process of determining a coding unit at a predetermined location (eg, a center location) among the odd numbered coding units described above in FIG. 6, and thus will be omitted.
- a predetermined coding unit at a predetermined position is determined during the splitting process to determine a coding unit at a predetermined position among the plurality of coding units.
- Information of is available. For example, in order to determine a coding unit located in the middle among coding units in which the current coding unit is divided into a plurality of coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may use block type information and split type stored in a sample included in the center coding unit during the splitting process. At least one of the mode information may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may split a current coding unit 600 into a plurality of coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c based on split type mode information, and the plurality of coding units ( A coding unit 620b positioned in the middle of 620a, 620b, and 620c may be determined. Furthermore, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit 620b positioned in the center in consideration of a location where split mode information is obtained. That is, the split type mode information of the current coding unit 600 may be obtained from a sample 640 positioned in the center of the current coding unit 600, and the current coding unit 600 is based on the split type mode information.
- a coding unit 620b including the sample 640 may be determined as a coding unit positioned at the center.
- information used to determine the centrally located coding unit should not be interpreted as being limited to the split mode information, and various types of information may be used in the process of determining the centrally located coding unit.
- predetermined information for identifying a coding unit at a predetermined location may be obtained from a predetermined sample included in a coding unit to be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 includes coding units (e.g., divided into a plurality of coding units 620a, 620b, 620c) of a plurality of coding units determined by splitting the current coding unit 600.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a sample at the predetermined position in consideration of the block shape of the current coding unit 600, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a plurality of samples determined by dividing the current coding unit 600 Among the coding units 620a, 620b, and 620c, a coding unit 620b including a sample from which predetermined information (eg, split mode information) can be obtained may be determined and a predetermined limit may be set. .
- predetermined information eg, split mode information
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a sample 640 located in the center of the current coding unit 600 as a sample from which predetermined information may be obtained, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may place a predetermined limit in the decoding process of the coding unit 620b including the sample 640.
- the location of the sample from which predetermined information can be obtained is limited to the above-described location and should not be interpreted, but may be interpreted as samples at an arbitrary location included in the coding unit 620b to be determined to impose restrictions.
- the location of a sample from which predetermined information can be obtained may be determined according to the shape of the current coding unit 600.
- the block shape information may determine whether the shape of a current coding unit is a square or a non-square shape, and according to the shape, a location of a sample from which predetermined information can be obtained may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses at least one of information about the width and height of the current coding unit to be positioned on a boundary that divides at least one of the width and height of the current coding unit in half. The sample may be determined as a sample from which predetermined information can be obtained.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 selects one of the samples including a boundary that divides the long side of the current coding unit in half. It can be determined as a sample from which information of can be obtained.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use split type mode information to determine a coding unit at a predetermined position among the plurality of coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain split type mode information from a sample at a predetermined position included in a coding unit, and the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain a plurality of encodings generated by splitting a current coding unit.
- the units may be split using split mode information obtained from samples at a predetermined position included in each of a plurality of coding units. That is, the coding units may be recursively split by using split type mode information obtained from a sample at a predetermined position included in each coding unit. Since the recursive splitting process of the coding unit has been described above with reference to FIG. 5, detailed descriptions will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine at least one coding unit by dividing a current coding unit, and determine an order in which the at least one coding unit is decoded by a predetermined block (eg, a current coding unit). ) Can be determined.
- a predetermined block eg, a current coding unit
- FIG. 7 illustrates an order in which a plurality of coding units are processed when a plurality of coding units are determined by dividing a current coding unit by an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the second coding units 710a and 710b by dividing the first coding unit 700 in a vertical direction according to split type mode information, or the first coding unit 700
- the second coding units 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may be determined by splitting in the horizontal direction to determine the second coding units 730a and 730b, or splitting the first coding unit 700 in the vertical and horizontal directions. have.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an order so that the second coding units 710a and 710b determined by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the vertical direction are processed in the horizontal direction 710c. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a processing order of the second coding units 730a and 730b determined by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the horizontal direction as the vertical direction 730c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 700 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction to divide the determined second coding units 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d into the coding units located in one row. Coding units located in the next row may be determined according to a predetermined order (eg, a raster scan order or a z scan order 750e).
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may recursively split coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first coding unit 700 to determine a plurality of coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, 750d, and Each of the determined coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may be recursively split.
- a method of dividing the plurality of coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may correspond to a method of dividing the first coding unit 700.
- the plurality of coding units 710a, 710b, 730a, 730b, 750a, 750b, 750c, and 750d may be independently divided into a plurality of coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the second coding units 710a and 710b by dividing the first coding unit 700 in the vertical direction, and further, the second coding units 710a and 710b, respectively. It can be decided to divide independently or not to divide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may split the second coding unit 710a on the left side in a horizontal direction and divide it into third coding units 720a and 720b, and the second coding unit 710b on the right side. ) May not be divided.
- the processing order of coding units may be determined based on a splitting process of coding units.
- the processing order of the split coding units may be determined based on the processing order of the coding units immediately before being split.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may independently determine an order in which the third coding units 720a and 720b determined by splitting the second coding unit 710a on the left side are processed, independently from the second coding unit 710b on the right side. Since the left second coding unit 710a is split in the horizontal direction to determine the third coding units 720a and 720b, the third coding units 720a and 720b may be processed in the vertical direction 720c.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a process of determining that a current coding unit is divided into odd number of coding units when coding units cannot be processed in a predetermined order, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the current coding unit is divided into odd number of coding units based on the obtained split type mode information.
- a first coding unit 800 having a square shape may be divided into second coding units 810a and 810b having a non-square shape, and the second coding units 810a and 810b are each independently It may be divided into 3 coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a plurality of third coding units 820a and 820b by dividing the left coding unit 810a among the second coding units in a horizontal direction, and determining the right coding unit 810b. ) May be divided into odd number of third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines whether the third coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e can be processed in a predetermined order to determine whether there are coding units divided into odd numbers. You can decide. Referring to FIG. 8, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine third coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d and 820e by recursively dividing the first coding unit 800. Based on at least one of the block type information and the split type mode information, the image decoding apparatus 100 may provide a first coding unit 800, a second coding unit 810a, 810b, or a third coding unit 820a, 820b, 820c.
- a coding unit positioned to the right of the second coding units 810a and 810b may be split into odd number of third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e.
- An order in which a plurality of coding units included in the first coding unit 800 are processed may be a predetermined order (for example, a z-scan order 830), and the image decoding apparatus ( 100) may determine whether the third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e determined by splitting the right second coding units 810b into odd numbers satisfy a condition capable of being processed according to the predetermined order.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 satisfies a condition in which the third coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, and 820e included in the first coding unit 800 can be processed in a predetermined order. Whether or not at least one of the widths and heights of the second coding units 810a and 810b is split in half according to the boundary of the third coding units 820a, 820b, 820c, 820d, 820e, and Related. For example, the third coding units 820a and 820b determined by dividing the height of the left second coding unit 810a in a non-square shape in half may satisfy a condition.
- the boundary of the third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e determined by dividing the right second coding unit 810b into three coding units cannot divide the width or height of the right second coding unit 810b in half. Therefore, it may be determined that the third coding units 820c, 820d, and 820e do not satisfy the condition. In the case of dissatisfaction with this condition, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the scan order is disconnected, and determine that the right second coding unit 810b is divided into odd number of coding units based on the determination result.
- a predetermined limit may be imposed on a coding unit at a predetermined position among the divided coding units. Since it has been described above through the embodiment, a detailed description will be omitted.
- FIG 9 illustrates a process in which an image decoding apparatus determines at least one coding unit by dividing a first coding unit, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may split the first coding unit 900 on the basis of the split mode information obtained through the receiver 110.
- the first coding unit 900 having a square shape may be divided into four coding units having a square shape or may be divided into a plurality of coding units having a non-square shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may refer to the first coding unit 900. It can be divided into a plurality of non-square coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 includes a first coding unit having a square shape ( 900) may be divided into odd numbered coding units, and may be divided into second coding units 910a, 910b, and 910c that are determined by being split in the vertical direction or second coding units 920a, 920b, and 920c that are determined by being split in a horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may process the second coding units 910a, 910b, 910c, 920a, 920b, 920c included in the first coding unit 900 in a predetermined order. Is satisfied, and the condition is whether at least one of the width and height of the first coding unit 900 is divided in half according to the boundary of the second coding units 910a, 910b, 910c, 920a, 920b, 920c It is related to whether or not. Referring to FIG. 9, a boundary of second coding units 910a, 910b, and 910c determined by dividing a square-shaped first coding unit 900 in a vertical direction divides the width of the first coding unit 900 in half.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the scan order is disconnected, and determine that the first coding unit 900 is divided into odd number of coding units based on the determination result.
- a predetermined limit may be imposed on a coding unit at a predetermined position among the divided coding units. Since it has been described above through the embodiment, a detailed description will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine various types of coding units by dividing the first coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may split a square type first coding unit 900 and a non-square type first coding unit 930 or 950 into various types of coding units. .
- FIG. 10 illustrates that, according to an embodiment, when a second coding unit of a non-square shape determined by splitting a first coding unit satisfies a predetermined condition, a form in which the second coding unit can be split is limited. Shows that.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use the first coding unit 1000 in a square shape based on the split mode information obtained through the receiver 110 and use the second coding unit 1010a in a non-square shape. 1010b, 1020a, 1020b).
- the second coding units 1010a, 1010b, 1020a, and 1020b may be independently split. Accordingly, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the second coding units 1010a, 1010b, 1020a, and 1020b are split into a plurality of coding units or not split based on split mode information related to each of the second coding units 1010a, 1010b, 1020a, and 1020b.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 splits the second non-square type left second coding unit 1010a determined by splitting the first coding unit 1000 in a vertical direction in a horizontal direction, and splits the third coding unit ( 1012a, 1012b) can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 splits the left second coding unit 1010a in the horizontal direction the right second coding unit 1010b is in the horizontal direction in the same direction as the left second coding unit 1010a. It can be restricted so that it cannot be divided into.
- the right second coding unit 1010b is split in the same direction to determine the third coding unit 1014a and 1014b, the left second coding unit 1010a and the right second coding unit 1010b are respectively By being split independently, the third coding units 1012a, 1012b, 1014a, and 1014b may be determined.
- this is the same result as the image decoding apparatus 100 splitting the first coding unit 1000 into four square-shaped second coding units 1030a, 1030b, 1030c, and 1030d based on the split mode information. It may be inefficient in terms of image decoding.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second coding unit 1020a or 1020b in a non-square shape determined by dividing the first coding unit 1000 in the horizontal direction in a vertical direction to obtain a third coding unit. (1022a, 1022b, 1024a, 1024b) can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 splits one of the second coding units (for example, the upper second coding unit 1020a) in the vertical direction
- the other second coding unit for example, the lower
- the coding unit 1020b may be limited so that the upper second coding unit 1020a cannot be split in the vertical direction in the same direction as the split direction.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a process in which an image decoding apparatus splits a square coding unit when it is not possible to indicate that split mode information is split into four square coding units, according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, 1120b, etc. by dividing the first coding unit 1100 based on the split mode information.
- the split type mode information may include information on various types in which a coding unit can be split, but information on various types may not include information for splitting into four coding units having a square shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 cannot split the square-shaped first coding unit 1100 into four square-shaped second coding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, 1120b, etc. of a non-square shape based on the split mode information.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may independently divide the second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, 1120b, etc. of a non-square shape.
- Each of the second coding units 1110a, 1110b, 1120a, 1120b, etc. may be split in a predetermined order through a recursive method, and this is based on the split type mode information, based on the method in which the first coding unit 1100 is split. It may be a corresponding segmentation method.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the third coding units 1112a and 1112b in a square shape by dividing the left second coding unit 1110a horizontally, and the second coding unit 1110b on the right
- the third coding units 1114a and 1114b having a square shape may be determined by splitting in a horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the third coding units 1116a, 1116b, 1116c, and 1116d in a square shape by splitting both the left second coding unit 1110a and the right second coding unit 1110b in the horizontal direction. have.
- the coding unit may be determined in the same form as that in which the first coding unit 1100 is divided into four square-shaped second coding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the third coding units 1122a and 1122b in a square shape by dividing the upper second coding unit 1120a in a vertical direction, and the lower second coding unit 1120b ) Is divided in a vertical direction to determine the third coding units 1124a and 1124b having a square shape. Furthermore, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the third coding units 1126a, 1126b, 1126a, and 1126b in a square shape by splitting both the upper second coding units 1120a and the lower second coding units 1120b in the vertical direction. have. In this case, the coding unit may be determined in the same form as that in which the first coding unit 1100 is divided into four square-shaped second coding units 1130a, 1130b, 1130c, and 1130d.
- FIG. 12 illustrates that a processing order between a plurality of coding units may vary according to a splitting process of a coding unit according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may split the first coding unit 1200 based on split type mode information.
- the block shape is a square and the split type mode information indicates that the first coding unit 1200 is split in at least one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction
- the image decoding apparatus 100 uses the first coding unit 1200.
- the second coding unit (eg, 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, 1220b, etc.) may be determined by dividing. Referring to FIG. 12, the second coding units 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b in a non-square shape determined by splitting the first coding unit 1200 only in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction are determined based on split type mode information for each. Can be divided independently.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the second coding units 1210a and 1210b generated by splitting the first coding unit 1200 in the vertical direction and splitting the second coding units 1210a and 1210b in the horizontal direction, 1216c and 1216d) may be determined, and the second coding units 1220a and 1220b generated by splitting the first coding unit 1200 in the horizontal direction are respectively divided in the horizontal direction, and the third coding units 1226a, 1226b, and 1226c , 1226d) can be determined. Since the dividing process of the second coding units 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b has been described above with reference to FIG. 11, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may process coding units in a predetermined order. Features of processing of coding units according to a predetermined order have been described above with reference to FIG. 7, and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. Referring to FIG. 12, the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 1200 in a square shape to form four square-shaped third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d. ) Can be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 performs a processing order of the third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d according to a form in which the first coding unit 1200 is split. You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, and 1216d by dividing the second coding units 1210a and 1210b generated by being split in the vertical direction, respectively, in the horizontal direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may first process the third coding units 1216a and 1216c included in the left second coding unit 1210a in the vertical direction, and then process the third coding units 1216a and 1216c included in the right second coding unit 1210b.
- the third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, and 1216d may be processed according to an order 1217 of processing the third coding units 1216b and 1216d in the vertical direction.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the third coding units 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d by dividing the second coding units 1220a and 1220b generated by being split in a horizontal direction in a vertical direction, respectively.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may first process the third coding units 1226a and 1226b included in the upper second coding unit 1220a in the horizontal direction, and then process the third coding units 1226a and 1226b included in the lower second coding unit 1220b.
- the third coding units 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d may be processed according to an order 1227 of processing the third coding units 1226c and 1226d in the horizontal direction.
- second coding units 1210a, 1210b, 1220a, and 1220b are respectively divided to determine square-shaped third coding units 1216a, 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d. have.
- the second coding units 1210a and 1210b determined by splitting in the vertical direction and the second coding units 1220a and 1220b determined by splitting in the horizontal direction are split into different forms, but the third coding unit 1216a determined later , 1216b, 1216c, 1216d, 1226a, 1226b, 1226c, and 1226d), eventually, the first coding unit 1200 is divided into coding units of the same type.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may recursively split coding units through different processes based on the split mode information, and consequently determine the coding units of the same type, but the plurality of coding units determined in the same type are different from each other. Can be processed in order.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a process in which a depth of a coding unit is determined according to a change in a shape and size of a coding unit when a coding unit is recursively split to determine a plurality of coding units according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a depth of a coding unit according to a predetermined criterion.
- the predetermined criterion may be the length of the long side of the coding unit.
- the depth of the current coding unit is greater than the depth of the coding unit before splitting. It can be determined that the depth is increased by n.
- a coding unit having an increased depth is expressed as a coding unit having a lower depth.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may be split to determine a second coding unit 1302 and a third coding unit 1304 having a lower depth. If the size of the square-shaped first coding unit 1300 is 2Nx2N, the second coding unit 1302 determined by dividing the width and height of the first coding unit 1300 by 1/2 times may have a size of NxN. have. Furthermore, the third coding unit 1304 determined by dividing the width and height of the second coding unit 1302 into 1/2 size may have a size of N/2xN/2.
- the width and height of the third coding unit 1304 are 1/4 times that of the first coding unit 1300.
- the depth of the second coding unit 1302 that is 1/2 times the width and height of the first coding unit 1300 may be D+1, and the first coding unit
- the depth of the third coding unit 1304, which is 1/4 times the width and height of 1300, may be D+2.
- block shape information indicating a non-square shape (for example, block shape information is '1: NS_VER' indicating that the height is a non-square that is longer than the width, or ′ indicating that the width is a non-square shape that is longer than the height. 2: NS_HOR′), the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 1310 or 1320 in a non-square shape to a second coding unit 1312 or 1322 having a lower depth, The third coding unit 1314 or 1324 may be determined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a second coding unit (eg, 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.) by dividing at least one of the width and height of the first coding unit 1310 having a size of Nx2N. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may split the first coding unit 1310 in a horizontal direction to determine a second coding unit 1302 having a size of NxN or a second coding unit 1322 having a size of NxN/2, The second coding unit 1312 having a size of N/2xN may be determined by dividing in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
- a second coding unit eg, 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines a second coding unit (eg, 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.) by dividing at least one of a width and a height of the first coding unit 1320 having a size of 2NxN. May be. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a second coding unit 1302 having a size of NxN or a second coding unit 1312 having a size of N/2xN by dividing the first coding unit 1320 in a vertical direction, The second coding unit 1322 having a size of NxN/2 may be determined by dividing in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
- a second coding unit eg, 1302, 1312, 1322, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines a third coding unit (eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.) by dividing at least one of a width and a height of the second coding unit 1302 having an NxN size. May be. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the third coding unit 1304 having a size of N/2xN/2 by dividing the second coding unit 1302 in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, or The 3 coding units 1314 may be determined or a third coding unit 1324 having a size of N/2xN/4 may be determined.
- a third coding unit eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides at least one of a width and a height of the second coding unit 1312 having a size of N/2xN to a third coding unit (eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.). You can also decide. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 splits the second coding unit 1312 in a horizontal direction to obtain a third coding unit 1304 having a size of N/2xN/2 or a third coding unit 1304 having a size of N/2xN/4. ) May be determined or divided in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction to determine the third coding unit 1314 having a size of N/4xN/2.
- a third coding unit eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides at least one of a width and a height of the second coding unit 1322 having a size of NxN/2 to a third coding unit (eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.). You can also decide. That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 splits the second coding unit 1322 in a vertical direction to obtain a third coding unit 1304 having a size of N/2xN/2 or a third coding unit 1304 having a size of N/4xN/2. ) May be determined or divided in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction to determine the third coding unit 1324 of size N/2xN/4.
- a third coding unit eg, 1304, 1314, 1324, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a square coding unit (eg, 1300, 1302, 1304) in a horizontal direction or a vertical direction.
- a square coding unit eg, 1300, 1302, 1304
- the first coding unit 1300 having a size of 2Nx2N is split in the vertical direction to determine the first coding unit 1310 having a size of Nx2N, or split in the horizontal direction to determine the first coding unit 1300 having a size of 2NxN.
- I can.
- the depth of the coding unit determined by splitting the first coding unit 1300 having a size of 2Nx2N in a horizontal direction or a vertical direction is the first coding It may be the same as the depth of the unit 1300.
- the width and height of the third coding unit 1314 or 1324 may be 1/4 times that of the first coding unit 1310 or 1320.
- the depth of the second coding unit 1312 or 1322 that is 1/2 times the width and height of the first coding unit 1310 or 1320 may be D+1
- the depth of the third coding unit 1314 or 1324 that is 1/4 times the width and height of the first coding unit 1310 or 1320 may be D+2.
- PID 14 illustrates a depth that may be determined according to a shape and size of coding units and a part index (hereinafter referred to as PID) for classifying coding units according to an embodiment.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine various types of second coding units by dividing the first coding unit 1400 having a square shape. Referring to FIG. 14, the image decoding apparatus 100 splits a first coding unit 1400 in at least one of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction according to split type mode information to provide the second coding units 1402a, 1402b, and 1404a. , 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, 1406d). That is, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, and 1406d based on the split type mode information for the first coding unit 1400. .
- the second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, 1404b, 1406a, 1406b, 1406c, and 1406d determined according to split mode information for the first coding unit 1400 in a square shape are the length of the long side
- the depth may be determined based on. For example, since the length of one side of the first coding unit 1400 in the square shape and the length of the long side of the second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, 1404b in the non-square shape are the same, the first coding unit ( 1400) and the non-square second coding units 1402a, 1402b, 1404a, and 1404b may have the same depth as D.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides the first coding unit 1400 into four square-shaped second coding units (1406a, 1406b, 1406c, 1406d) based on the split mode information, the square-shaped Since the length of one side of the second coding unit (1406a, 1406b, 1406c, 1406d) is 1/2 times the length of one side of the first coding unit (1400), the second coding unit (1406a, 1406b, 1406c, 1406d) The depth may be a depth of D+1 that is one depth lower than the depth of D of the first coding unit 1400.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 divides a first coding unit 1410 having a height longer than a width in a horizontal direction according to the split mode information to form a plurality of second coding units 1412a, 1412b, and 1414a. , 1414b, 1414c). According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 splits a first coding unit 1420 having a width longer than a height in a vertical direction according to the split mode information to form a plurality of second coding units 1422a, 1422b, and 1424a. , 1424b, 1424c).
- second coding units 1412a, 1412b, 1414a, 1414b, 1414c. 1422a, 1422b, 1424a which are determined according to split mode mode information for the first coding unit 1410 or 1420 of a non-square form, 1424b, 1424c) may be determined based on the length of the long side.
- the length of one side of the second coding units 1412a and 1412b having a square shape is 1/2 times the length of one side of the first coding unit 1410 having a non-square shape whose height is longer than the width.
- the depth of the second coding units 1412a and 1412b of the shape is D+1, which is one depth lower than the depth D of the first coding unit 1410 of the non-square shape.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide the first coding unit 1410 of the non-square shape into odd number of second coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c based on the split mode information.
- the odd number of second coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c may include second coding units 1414a and 1414c having a non-square shape and a second coding unit 1414b having a square shape.
- the length of the long side of the second coding units 1414a and 1414c of the non-square form and the length of one side of the second coding unit 1414b of the square form are 1/ of the length of one side of the first coding unit 1410 Since it is twice, the depth of the second coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c may be a depth of D+1 that is one depth lower than the depth of D of the first coding unit 1410.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 is a method corresponding to the method of determining the depth of coding units related to the first coding unit 1410, and is related to the first coding unit 1420 having a non-square shape having a width greater than a height. The depth of coding units may be determined.
- a coding unit 1414b located in the middle of coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c divided into odd numbers is a coding unit having the same width as other coding units 1414a and 1414c but different heights. It may be twice the height of the fields 1414a and 1414c. That is, in this case, the coding unit 1414b positioned in the center may include two of the other coding units 1414a and 1414c.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether or not the odd-numbered coding units are of the same size based on whether there is a discontinuity in an index for distinguishing between the divided coding units.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether to be split into a specific split type based on a value of an index for classifying a plurality of coding units determined by being split from a current coding unit. Referring to FIG. 14, the image decoding apparatus 100 determines an even number of coding units 1412a and 1412b by dividing a rectangular first coding unit 1410 having a height greater than a width, or an odd number of coding units 1414a and 1414b. , 1414c) can be determined. The image decoding apparatus 100 may use an index (PID) representing each coding unit to classify each of a plurality of coding units. According to an embodiment, the PID may be obtained from a sample (eg, an upper left sample) at a predetermined position of each coding unit.
- a sample eg, an upper left sample
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit at a predetermined position among coding units that are split and determined using an index for classifying coding units. According to an embodiment, when it is indicated that split mode information for a first coding unit 1410 having a rectangular shape having a height longer than a width is split into three coding units, the image decoding apparatus 100 may be configured to perform a first coding unit 1410. May be divided into three coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c. The image decoding apparatus 100 may allocate indexes for each of the three coding units 1414a, 1414b, and 1414c. The image decoding apparatus 100 may compare an index for each coding unit in order to determine a coding unit among coding units divided into odd numbers.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 encodes a coding unit 1414b having an index corresponding to a middle value among the indices based on the indexes of the coding units, and a center position among coding units determined by splitting the first coding unit 1410. Can be determined as a unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the index based on a size ratio between coding units. .
- a coding unit 1414b generated by dividing the first coding unit 1410 is the same as the other coding units 1414a and 1414c, but the coding units 1414a and 1414c having different heights. It can be twice the height.
- the coding unit 1414c positioned in the next order may have an index of 3 with an increase of 2.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the image decoding apparatus 100 is divided into a plurality of coding units including coding units having different sizes from other coding units.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 may determine that the coding unit (for example, the middle coding unit) at a predetermined position among the odd number of coding units is different from other coding units.
- the current coding unit can be split into a form.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding unit having a different size using an index (PID) for the coding unit.
- PID index
- the above-described index and the size or position of the coding unit at a predetermined position to be determined are specific for explaining an embodiment and should not be interpreted as being limited thereto, and various indexes and positions and sizes of the coding unit may be used. It must be interpreted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use a predetermined data unit in which recursive division of coding units is started.
- FIG. 15 illustrates that a plurality of coding units are determined according to a plurality of predetermined data units included in a picture, according to an embodiment.
- a predetermined data unit may be defined as a data unit in which a coding unit starts to be recursively split using split type mode information. That is, it may correspond to the coding unit of the highest depth used in the process of determining a plurality of coding units that split the current picture.
- a predetermined data unit will be referred to as a reference data unit.
- the reference data unit may represent a predetermined size and shape.
- the reference coding unit may include MxN samples.
- M and N may be the same as each other, and may be integers expressed as a multiplier of 2. That is, the reference data unit may represent a square or non-square shape, and may be divided into an integer number of coding units thereafter.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a current picture into a plurality of reference data units. According to an embodiment, the image decoding apparatus 100 may divide a plurality of reference data units for dividing a current picture using split mode information for each reference data unit. The process of dividing the reference data unit may correspond to a dividing process using a quad-tree structure.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine in advance a minimum size that a reference data unit included in a current picture may have. Accordingly, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a reference data unit of various sizes having a size equal to or greater than the minimum size, and may determine at least one coding unit using split mode information based on the determined reference data unit. .
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use a reference coding unit 1500 in a square shape or a reference coding unit 1502 in a non-square shape.
- the shape and size of a reference coding unit are various data units that may include at least one reference coding unit (e.g., a sequence, a picture, a slice, and a slice segment ( slice segment), tile, tile group, maximum coding unit, etc.).
- the receiver 110 of the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain at least one of information about a shape of a reference coding unit and information about a size of a reference coding unit from a bitstream for each of the various data units. .
- the process of determining at least one coding unit included in the square-shaped reference coding unit 1500 has been described above through the process of dividing the current coding unit 300 of FIG. 3, and the non-square-shaped reference coding unit 1502
- the process of determining at least one coding unit included in) has been described above through a process in which the current coding unit 400 or 450 of FIG. 4 is split, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 determines the size and shape of a reference coding unit according to some data units that are predetermined based on a predetermined condition, and an index for identifying the size and shape of the reference coding unit You can use That is, the receiving unit 110 receives a predetermined condition (eg, a size less than a slice) among the various data units (eg, sequence, picture, slice, slice segment, tile, tile group, maximum coding unit, etc.) from the bitstream. As a data unit that satisfies (a data unit having a), only an index for identifying the size and shape of the reference coding unit may be obtained for each slice, slice segment, tile, tile group, and maximum coding unit.
- a predetermined condition eg, a size less than a slice
- the various data units eg, sequence, picture, slice, slice segment, tile, tile group, maximum coding unit, etc.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the size and shape of the reference data unit for each data unit that satisfies the predetermined condition by using the index.
- the bitstream utilization efficiency may be poor, so the type of the reference coding unit Instead of directly obtaining information on and information on the size of a reference coding unit, only the index may be obtained and used. In this case, at least one of the size and shape of the reference coding unit corresponding to the index indicating the size and shape of the reference coding unit may be predetermined.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 selects at least one of the size and shape of the predetermined reference coding unit according to the index, so that at least one of the size and shape of the reference coding unit included in the data unit that is a reference for obtaining the index You can decide.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may use at least one reference coding unit included in one largest coding unit. That is, at least one reference coding unit may be included in the largest coding unit for dividing an image, and a coding unit may be determined through a recursive splitting process of each reference coding unit. According to an embodiment, at least one of the width and height of the largest coding unit may correspond to an integer multiple of at least one of the width and height of the reference coding unit. According to an embodiment, the size of a reference coding unit may be a size obtained by dividing a maximum coding unit n times according to a quad tree structure.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the reference coding unit by dividing the maximum coding unit n times according to the quad-tree structure, and according to various embodiments, the reference coding unit is at least one of block type information and split type mode information. It can be divided based on one.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain and use block type information indicating a type of a current coding unit or split type mode information indicating a method of dividing a current coding unit from a bitstream.
- the split type mode information may be included in a bitstream related to various data units.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 includes a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, a video parameter set, a slice header, and a slice segment header. Segmentation mode information included in a segment header, a tile header, and a tile group header may be used.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may obtain and use a syntax element corresponding to block type information or split type mode information from a bitstream for each maximum coding unit, a reference coding unit, and processing block.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an image segmentation rule.
- the segmentation rule may be predetermined between the image decoding apparatus 100 and the image encoding apparatus 2200.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an image segmentation rule based on information obtained from a bitstream.
- the video decoding apparatus 100 includes a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, a video parameter set, a slice header, a slice segment header, and A partitioning rule may be determined based on information obtained from at least one of a tile header and a tile group header.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a split rule differently according to a frame, a slice, a tile, a temporal layer, a maximum coding unit, or a coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a splitting rule based on a block shape of a coding unit.
- the block shape may include the size, shape, width and height ratio and direction of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine in advance to determine a partitioning rule based on a block shape of a coding unit. However, it is not limited thereto.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a segmentation rule based on information obtained from the received bitstream.
- the shape of the coding unit may include a square and a non-square.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the shape of the coding unit as a square. Also, . If the width and height of the coding unit are not the same, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine the shape of the coding unit as a non-square.
- the size of the coding unit may include various sizes of 4x4, 8x4, 4x8, 8x8, 16x4, 16x8, ..., 256x256.
- the size of the coding unit may be classified according to the length of the long side and the length or width of the short side of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may apply the same splitting rule to coding units classified into the same group. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may classify coding units having the same long side length into the same size. In addition, the image decoding apparatus 100 may apply the same splitting rule to coding units having the same long side length.
- the ratio of the width and height of the coding unit is 1:2, 2:1, 1:4, 4:1, 1:8, 8:1, 1:16, 16:1, 32:1 or 1:32, etc.
- the direction of the coding unit may include a horizontal direction and a vertical direction.
- the horizontal direction may indicate a case where the length of the width of the coding unit is longer than the length of the height.
- the vertical direction may indicate a case where the length of the width of the coding unit is shorter than the length of the height.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may adaptively determine a splitting rule based on a size of a coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may differently determine an allowable split mode mode based on the size of the coding unit. For example, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine whether division is allowed based on the size of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a splitting direction according to the size of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine an allowable split type according to the size of the coding unit.
- Determining the splitting rule based on the size of the coding unit may be a splitting rule predetermined between the image decoding apparatus 100. Also, the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a segmentation rule based on information obtained from the bitstream.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may adaptively determine a splitting rule based on the position of the coding unit.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may adaptively determine a segmentation rule based on a position occupied by the coding unit in the image.
- the image decoding apparatus 100 may determine a splitting rule so that coding units generated by different split paths do not have the same block shape.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and coding units generated by different split paths may have the same block shape. Coding units generated by different split paths may have different decoding processing orders. Since the decoding processing sequence has been described with reference to FIG. 12, detailed descriptions are omitted.
- 16 is a block diagram of a video encoding and decoding system.
- the encoder 1610 of the image encoding and decoding system 1600 transmits an encoded bitstream of an image, and the decoder 1650 receives and decodes the bitstream to output a reconstructed image.
- the decoder 1650 may have a configuration similar to the image decoding apparatus 100.
- the inter prediction encoder 1605 In the encoding end 1610, the inter prediction encoder 1605 generates motion information of a current block indicating a reference block of a reference picture temporally adjacent to the current picture when the prediction mode of the current block is the inter prediction mode.
- the inter prediction encoder 1605 may determine prediction samples of the current block by using samples of the reference blocks.
- the intra prediction encoder 1610 indicates a direction in which neighboring samples similar to the current block are located or a method of determining prediction samples so that prediction samples of the current block may be determined using neighboring samples spatially adjacent to the current block. Predictive information can be determined.
- the inter prediction encoder 1605 and the intra prediction encoder 1610 may determine reference samples to be used for prediction of the current block from among samples previously reconstructed stored in the decoded pictur buffer (DPB) 1648.
- DPB decoded pictur buffer
- the transform unit 1620 performs transform on residual sample values obtained by subtracting the prediction samples generated by the inter prediction encoder 1605 or the intra prediction encoder 1610 from the original sample of the current block, and converts the transform coefficients. Print.
- the quantization unit 1625 quantizes the transform coefficients output from the transform unit 1620 and outputs the quantized transform coefficients.
- the entropy encoder 1630 may encode the quantized transform coefficient into residual syntax elements including a level value, and output the result in the form of a bitstream.
- the quantized transform coefficients output from the quantization unit 1625 may be inverse quantized and inverse transformed through the inverse quantization unit 1633 and the inverse transform unit 1635 to generate residual sample values again.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1640 performs post-reconstruction filtering on the reconstructed samples, and the reconstructed sample values updated through the post-reconstruction filtering are used as reference sample values for intra prediction to be performed by the intra prediction unit 1610. I can. After restoration, the filtering unit 1640 may perform Hadamard transform region filtering or bilateral filtering on the reconstructed sample values.
- the in-loop filtering unit 1645 may perform at least one of deblocking filtering and adaptive loop filtering on reconstructed samples updated through filtering after restoration.
- the reconstructed sample values updated through filtering by the in-loop filtering unit 1645 may be stored in the DPB 1648, and may be used as reference sample values for inter prediction to be performed by the inter prediction unit 1605.
- the entropy decoder 1655 of the decoder 1650 may perform entropy decoding on the received bitstream to parse the residual syntax elements including the level value. Quantized transform coefficients can be reconstructed from residual syntax elements.
- the inverse quantization unit 1660 may perform inverse quantization on the quantized transform coefficients to output transform coefficients, and the inverse transform unit 1665 may perform inverse transform on the transform coefficients to output residual sample values.
- the inter prediction encoder 1670 of the decoder 1650 determines a reference picture temporally adjacent to the current picture using motion information of the current block parsed by the entropy decoder 1655, and a reference block in the reference picture. Can be determined.
- the inter prediction encoder 1670 may determine prediction samples of a current block using samples of reference blocks.
- the intra prediction encoder 1675 of the decoder 1650 determines reference samples spatially adjacent to the current block using intra prediction information using motion information of the current block parsed by the entropy decoder 1655, and , Predictive samples of the current block may be determined using the determined neighboring samples.
- the inter prediction encoder 1670 and the intra prediction encoder 1675 may determine reference samples to be used for prediction of a current block from among previously reconstructed samples stored in a decoded pictur buffer (DPB) 1690.
- DPB decoded pictur buffer
- the adder 1695 of the decoder 1650 adds the residual sample values and the predicted sample values to output a reconstructed sample value of the current block.
- the filtering unit 1680 may perform Hadamard transform region filtering or bilateral filtering on the reconstructed sample values.
- the reconstructed sample values updated through filtering by the filtering unit 1680 after restoration may be used as reference sample values for intra prediction to be performed by the intra prediction unit 1675.
- the in-loop filtering unit 1685 of the decoder 1650 may perform at least one of deblocking filtering and adaptive loop filtering by using reconstructed samples updated through filtering after restoration.
- the reconstructed sample values updated through filtering by the in-loop filtering unit 1685 are stored in the DPB 1690 and may be used as reference sample values for inter prediction to be performed by the inter prediction unit 1670.
- 17 shows an image decoding process including filtering after reconstruction.
- the video decoding process is in the order of a parsing step 1710, a prediction step 1720, an inverse quantization step 1730, an inverse transform step 1740, a reconstruction step 1750, and a post-reconstruction filtering step 1760.
- syntax elements including prediction information and residual syntax elements including a level value are obtained using syntax elements of the current block parsed from the bitstream in the parsing step 1710.
- a prediction mode of the current block is determined from syntax elements including prediction information, prediction is performed according to the prediction mode, and prediction samples of the current block may be output.
- inverse quantization step 1730 inverse quantization is performed on residual samples restored from the residual syntax elements, and transform coefficients of the residual samples may be output.
- the residual samples of the current block may be output by performing inverse transform on transform coefficients of the residual samples. (If the prediction mode determined in the prediction step 1720 is the skip mode, the inverse quantization step 1730 and the inverse transform step 1740 may be omitted.)
- reconstructed samples of the current block may be output by combining prediction samples of the current block and residual samples.
- the post-reconstruction filtering step 1760 Hardamad Transform Domain Filtering or Bilateral Filtering is performed on the restored samples output in the restoration step 1750, and the restored samples are updated. Can be output.
- the reconstructed samples may be updated through post-reconstruction filtering and may be used as reference samples for intra prediction of a block neighboring the current block.
- in-loop filtering is performed on the reconstructed samples so that the reconstructed samples may be updated.
- the reconstructed samples updated by the in-loop filtering may be stored in the DPB and used as reference samples for inter prediction of another block.
- a video encoding method and a video decoding method is to provide a method of performing an operation on a current block when neighboring samples contain errors or are not reconstructed. That is, when an error occurs in reconstructed samples around the current block, packet loss occurs in a communication environment, slice information is lost, picture information is lost, and the like.
- a method of minimizing the occurrence of error propagation due to errors of neighboring samples in a coding process of a current block is provided.
- FIG. 23 illustrates a process of checking availability of neighboring samples adjacent to a current block according to an embodiment.
- a limited intra prediction mode may be activated in an environment where many errors occur.
- the limited intra prediction mode when determining the availability of a reference sample referred to when performing intra prediction of the current block, additionally, when the prediction mode of the reference block including the reference sample is the intra prediction mode, that is, the reference block is Only when the intra prediction mode is restored, the availability of the reference sample may be determined as TURE. That is, intra prediction of the current block may be performed using the reference sample.
- the limited intra prediction mode is deactivated, when checking the availability of a reference sample, the prediction mode of the reference block is not considered.
- a process 2300 of determining a variable availableN indicating the availability of a reference sample at a location is as follows.
- availability information of the reference sample availableN is FALSE, that is, it is determined as a reference sample that is not available.
- the restricted intra prediction mode is activated, in order to perform intra prediction of the current block, in addition to the availability information availableN for the reference sample of the location (xNbY, yNbY) used for intra prediction, the block to which the location belongs Whether or not the prediction mode is an intra prediction mode should be further checked.
- the restricted intra prediction mode is deactivated, it may be determined whether intra prediction of the current block can be performed using the reference sample based on availableN information of the reference sample. Therefore, when the limited intra prediction mode is activated, the surrounding samples reconstructed by using other pictures, that is, the surrounding samples reconstructed in the inter prediction mode, are not used to perform intra prediction of the current block. Can be minimized.
- post-reconstruction filtering is performed using neighboring samples of the current block.
- Hadamard transform region filtering which is a type of filtering after restoration, will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 18.
- image information reconstructed around the current block may be used according to the size or shape of the filter tap. That is, in FIG. 18, filtering may be performed after reconstructing the padding area 1820 extending by N samples 1810 in the vertical direction from the outline of the current block 1800. Here, N may be changed according to the size or shape of the filter tap. If the reconstructed image information exists in the padding area 1820, the reconstructed image information existing in the padding area 1820 may be used when filtering is performed after the restoration.
- the padding region 1820 is extended by setting N to 1. If a sample that has already been restored exists in the padding area 1820, filtering may be performed using the already restored information as it is. However, when the reference sample located in the padding area 1820 is not available, the reference sample of the padding area 1820 is padded by substituting the sample value of the reconstructed sample of the current block adjacent to the reference sample to the padding value of the reference sample. Can be.
- a video encoding method and decoding method, a video encoding apparatus, and a decoding apparatus propose a method of performing filtering after reconstructing a current block when a restricted prediction mode is activated.
- a method and an apparatus for encoding or decoding a video by performing filtering after reconstruction according to an embodiment disclosed in the present specification will be described with reference to FIGS. 19 to 22.
- the'maximum size of a coding unit' refers to the maximum size of the larger side of the width and height of the coding unit
- the'minimum size of the coding unit' refers to the minimum size of the larger side of the width and height of the coding unit.
- the'tree structure' may mean a hierarchical structure of one or more coding units formed according to whether a splitting mode of a coding unit is quad split, binary split, ternary split, and non-split.
- a tree structure the hierarchical structure of blocks generated from the current coding unit according to the splitting process of FIG. 5 is referred to as a tree structure.
- 19 is a block diagram of a video decoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- a video decoding apparatus 1900 may include an acquisition unit 1910, a reconstruction unit 1920, and a post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 acquires a bitstream generated as a result of encoding an image, determines positions of blocks divided from a picture based on information included in the bitstream, and decodes blocks such as a maximum coding unit and a coding unit. can do.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may include a central processor (not shown) that controls the acquisition unit 1910, the restoration unit 1920, and the filtering unit 1930 after restoration.
- the acquisition unit 1910, the restoration unit 1920, and the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 are operated by their own processors (not shown), and as the processors (not shown) operate mutually, the video decoding apparatus (1900) may work as a whole.
- the acquisition unit 1910, the restoration unit 1920, and the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 may be controlled.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may include an acquisition unit 1910, a restoration unit 1920, and one or more data storage units (not shown) for storing input/output data of the filtering unit 1930 after restoration.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may also include a memory controller (not shown) that controls input/output of data from a data storage unit (not shown).
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may perform an image decoding operation including prediction by operating in conjunction with an internally mounted video decoding processor or an external video decoding processor in order to restore an image through image decoding.
- the internal video decoding processor of the video decoding apparatus 1900 may implement a basic image decoding operation by including an image decoding processing module as well as a separate processor.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may be included in the above-described video decoding apparatus 100.
- the acquisition unit 1910 corresponds to the receiver 110 of the image decoding apparatus 100, the restoration unit 1920, and the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 corresponding to the decoding unit 120 of the image decoding apparatus 100 Can be.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may correspond to the decoder 1650 of the image encoding and decoding system described above with reference to FIG. 16.
- the acquisition unit 1910 corresponds to the entropy decoding unit 1655 of the decoder 1650
- the restoration unit 1920 is an inverse quantization unit 1660 and an inverse transform unit 1665 of the decoder 1650.
- An inter prediction encoding unit 1670, an intra prediction encoding unit 1675, an adder 1695, and an in-loop filtering unit 1680, and the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 is filtered after restoration of the decoder 1650 It may correspond to the part 1685.
- the receiver 1910 receives a bitstream generated as a result of encoding an image.
- the bitstream may include information on the current picture.
- a picture may include one or more maximum coding units.
- the reconstructor 1920 may determine the position of the current block in the picture based on information obtained from the bitstream.
- the current block is a block generated by being split from a picture according to a tree structure, and may correspond to, for example, a largest coding unit or a coding unit.
- the reconstructor 1920 may determine whether the current block is further divided into sub-blocks of lower depth, and may determine a tree structure of the current block. Compared to the current depth of the current block, the lower depth may be determined by increasing the number of times divided from the current block to the lower block.
- blocks located in the tree leaf are blocks that are no longer divided. Accordingly, the reconstructor 1920 may decode blocks by performing inverse quantization, inverse transformation, and prediction on one or more blocks that are no longer divided.
- the reconstructor 1920 may generate prediction samples of the current block by performing prediction on the current block.
- the reconstructor 1920 may generate residual samples of the current block by performing inverse transformation on the current block.
- the reconstructor 1920 may generate reconstructed samples of the current block by using prediction samples of the current block and residual samples of the current block.
- the restoration unit 1920 may restore the current picture by restoring samples for each block.
- the reconstructor 1920 determines a reference sample among samples of a spatial neighboring block located in the intra prediction direction by using the intra prediction information of the current block, and Prediction samples corresponding to the current block may be determined using.
- the reconstructor 1920 may reconstruct the current block using a motion vector of the current block.
- the reconstructor 1920 may determine a reference block in the reference picture using the motion vector of the current block, and determine prediction samples corresponding to the current block from reference samples included in the reference block.
- the reconstructor 1920 may restore transform coefficients using a transform coefficient level obtained from a bitstream, and perform inverse quantization and inverse transform on the transform coefficients to restore residual samples.
- the reconstructor 1920 may determine reconstructed samples of the current block by combining prediction samples corresponding to the current block and residual samples.
- the reconstructor 1920 When the current block is predicted in the skip mode, the reconstructor 1920 does not need to parse the transform coefficients of the current block from the bitstream.
- the reconstructor 1920 may determine reconstructed samples of the current block by using the prediction samples of the current block as they are.
- the acquisition unit 1910 may acquire limited prediction information indicating whether the limited intra prediction mode is activated.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 may perform post-reconstruction filtering by using at least one of a reconstructed sample of a current block and a padding value corresponding to a neighboring sample. For example, when the filtering target region does not deviate from the current block, filtering may be performed after restoration using reconstructed samples of the current block. However, the filtering target region may include a current block and an external region of the current block. In this case, the filtering unit 1930 after restoration may pad the outer region of the current block with a specific sample value. After reconstruction, the filtering unit 1930 may perform filtering on reconstructed samples of the current block adjacent to the outline of the current block by using the padded sample value (hereinafter referred to as “padding value”).
- the reconstructed filtering unit 1930 is a neighbor adjacent to the outside of the boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block. Samples may be padded using reconstructed samples of the current block. After restoration, the filtering unit 1930 may perform filtering after restoration on the current block using a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample.
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart of a video decoding method according to an embodiment.
- the acquisition unit 1910 may acquire limited prediction information indicating whether the limited intra prediction mode is activated.
- Limited prediction information can be obtained from a picture parameter set. Accordingly, the limited prediction information may indicate whether the limited intra prediction mode is activated for the current picture. If the limited intra prediction mode of the current picture is activated, the limited intra prediction mode may be activated even for a current block included in the current picture.
- the reconstructor 1920 may generate reconstructed samples of the current block using prediction samples of the current block and residual samples of the current block.
- the reconstructor 1920 may generate prediction samples of the current block by performing prediction on the current block.
- the reconstructor 1920 may generate residual samples of the current block by performing inverse transformation on the current block. However, when the current block is predicted in the skip mode, the reconstructor 1920 may determine the sample value of the residual sample as 0.
- the reconstructor 1920 may determine a value obtained by adding the prediction samples of the current block and the residual samples of the current block as sample values of the reconstructed samples of the current block.
- the filtering unit 1930 after reconstruction activates the limited intra prediction mode according to the limited prediction information, and when the prediction mode of the neighboring block is not the intra prediction mode, the neighboring block is adjacent to the outside of the boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block.
- a neighboring sample to be called may be padded using a reconstructed sample of the current block.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 may determine a padding value corresponding to a neighbor sample located outside a boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block to be equal to the reconstructed sample value of the current block adjacent to the boundary line.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 when the samples of a neighboring block adjacent to the current block are not available for prediction of the current block, to neighbor samples located outside the boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block.
- the corresponding padding value may be determined to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block adjacent to the boundary line.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 may perform post-reconstruction filtering on the current block by using a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample. After reconstruction, the filtering unit 1930 may perform filtering after reconstruction of the current block using sample values of the padded neighboring samples, that is, padding values corresponding to the neighboring samples.
- the filtering unit 1930 may perform Hadamard transform region filtering by using reconstructed samples of the current block adjacent to the boundary line of the current block and padding values corresponding to the neighboring samples adjacent to the boundary line.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 performs 2x2 Hadamard transform region filtering using padding values corresponding to two reconstructed samples of the current block adjacent to the boundary line of the current block and two neighboring samples adjacent to the boundary line. Can be done.
- the Hadamard transform region filtering may be applied to a luma reconstructed block in which a quantization parameter is greater than 18 and a product of the height and width of the block is 64 or more.
- the filter parameter may be determined based on the quantization parameter and the lookup table.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 determines a 2x2 area including the current reconstructed sample and the neighboring reconstructed samples surrounding the current sample, and includes 4 reconstructed samples included in the 2x2 area, especially 4 padding samples if padded samples are included.
- Four transform coefficients may be output by performing a Hadamard transform on the fields. Secondary components may be generated by performing an inverse Hadamard transform on primary components generated by filtering the transform coefficients using a lookup table. The filtered sample value of the current reconstructed sample may be determined while overlapping the secondary components.
- the filtering unit 1930 may perform Hadamard transform region filtering on reconstructed samples included in the current block.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 may perform bilateral filtering by using reconstructed samples of the current block adjacent to the boundary line of the current block and a padding value corresponding to the neighboring samples adjacent to the boundary line.
- the reconstructed samples of the current block which are updated through the post-reconstruction filtering by the filtering unit 1930 after reconstruction, may be used to perform intra prediction of another block adjacent to the current block.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may update sample values of the reconstructed samples by performing in-loop filtering on reconstructed samples of a current block updated through filtering after reconstructing.
- In-loop filtering may include deblocking filtering and adaptive loop filtering (ALF).
- ALF adaptive loop filtering
- Reconstruction samples updated through in-loop filtering may be used as reference samples for inter prediction of a block of a block of a picture other than the current picture.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 is not only in a state in which reconstructed samples of a neighboring block are not available due to a poor communication environment or a coding environment, but also a limited intra prediction mode is activated and the neighboring block is Even if the prediction mode is not restored, it is considered that the reliability of the neighboring samples is low, and filtering is not performed after restoration using the sample values of the neighboring blocks.
- the limited intra prediction mode is activated and the neighboring block is not restored to the intra prediction mode
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 uses the reconstructed sample value of the current block adjacent to the outline of the current block instead of the sample value of the neighboring block.
- 21 is a block diagram of a video encoding apparatus according to an embodiment.
- a video encoding apparatus 2100 may include an information encoder 2110, a reconstruction unit 2120, and a post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130.
- the information encoder 1910 may generate limited prediction information indicating whether the limited intra prediction mode is activated, perform entropy encoding on the limited prediction information, and output in the form of a bitstream.
- the video encoding apparatus 2100 may divide a picture into one or more luma coding units and may encode the coding units.
- the video encoding apparatus 2100 may include a central processor (not shown) that controls the information encoding unit 2110, the reconstruction unit 2120, and the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130.
- the information encoding unit 2110, the restoration unit 2120, and the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130 are operated by their own processors (not shown), and as the processors (not shown) operate mutually, video encoding
- the device 2100 may be fully operational.
- the information encoding unit 2110, the reconstruction unit 2120, and the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130 may be controlled under control of an external processor (not shown) of the video encoding apparatus 2100.
- the video encoding apparatus 2100 may include one or more data storage units (not shown) for storing input/output data of the information encoding unit 2110, the reconstruction unit 2120, and the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130.
- the video encoding apparatus 2100 may include a memory control unit (not shown) that controls input/output of data from a data storage unit (not shown).
- the video encoding apparatus 2100 may perform an image encoding operation including prediction by operating in conjunction with an internally mounted video encoding processor or an external video encoding processor for image encoding.
- the internal video encoding processor of the video encoding apparatus 2100 may implement a basic image encoding operation by including an image encoding processing module as well as a separate processor.
- the video encoding apparatus 2100 may correspond to the encoder 1600 of the image encoding and decoding system described above with reference to FIG. 16.
- the information encoding unit 2110 includes an inter prediction unit 1605, an intra prediction unit 1610, a transform unit 1620, a quantization unit 1625, and an entropy encoding unit 1630 of the encoder 1600. can do.
- the restoration unit 2120 includes an inverse quantization unit 1633, an inverse transform unit 1635, an adder 1615, and an in-loop filtering unit 1640 of the encoder 1600, and the filtering unit 1930 after restoration includes an encoder ( It may correspond to the filtering unit 1645 after restoration of 1600).
- the information encoder 2110 may divide a picture into a plurality of largest coding units, and divide and encode each largest coding unit into blocks of various sizes and various shapes.
- the information encoder 2110 determines a reference sample among samples of a spatial neighboring block located in the intra prediction direction of the current block of the current block, and uses the reference sample.
- prediction samples corresponding to the current block may be determined.
- the information encoder 2110 may determine a motion vector for predicting the current block.
- the information encoder 2110 may determine a reference block of the current block in the reference picture and determine a motion vector indicating the reference block from the current block. In the case of skip mode, there is no need to encode a residual block.
- the information encoder 2110 may determine a motion vector for predicting the current block.
- the information encoder 2110 may determine a reference block of a current block in the reference picture, and determine a motion vector indicating the reference block from the current block.
- the information encoding unit 2110 determines a residual sample between the current blocks from reference samples included in the reference block, and generates a quantized transform coefficient by performing transformation and quantization on the residual sample based on a transformation unit. can do.
- the current block is a block generated by being split from an image according to a tree structure, and may correspond to, for example, a largest coding unit, a coding unit, or a transformation unit.
- the information encoder 2110 may encode blocks included in a picture according to an encoding order.
- the information encoder 2110 may output a bitstream including syntax elements corresponding to various encoding information determined as a result of encoding luma blocks. In more detail, the information encoder 2110 may generate limited prediction information indicating whether the intra prediction mode is limited and include it in the picture parameter set.
- the reconstructor 2120 may generate reconstructed samples of the current block by using prediction samples of the current block and residual samples of the current block.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130 In the case where the limited intra prediction mode is activated and the prediction mode of the neighboring block is not the intra prediction mode, the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130 according to an embodiment May be padded using the reconstructed sample of the current block.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130 may perform post-reconstruction filtering on a current block using a padding value corresponding to a neighboring sample.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a video encoding method according to an embodiment.
- the information encoder 2110 may generate limited prediction information indicating whether the limited intra prediction mode is activated.
- the information encoder 2110 may generate limited prediction information to indicate whether a limited intra prediction mode is activated for the current picture. Accordingly, limited prediction information may be included in the picture parameter set and output. If the limited intra prediction mode of the current picture is activated, the limited intra prediction mode may be activated even for a current block included in the current picture.
- the reconstructor 2120 may generate reconstructed samples of the current block using prediction samples of the current block and residual samples of the current block. However, since residual samples are not generated when the current block is predicted in the skip mode, reconstructed samples of the current block may be generated only with prediction samples of the current block.
- step 2230 when the limited intra prediction mode is activated and the prediction mode of the neighboring block is not the intra prediction mode, the reconstruction post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130 extracts neighboring samples adjacent to the outside of the boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block. It can be padded using the reconstructed sample of the block.
- the filtering unit 2130 may determine a padding value corresponding to a neighbor sample located outside a boundary line between a current block and a neighboring block to be the same as a reconstructed sample value of a current block adjacent to the boundary line.
- the filtering unit 2130 after restoration corresponds to a neighboring sample located outside the boundary line between the current block and the neighboring block when the sample of the neighboring block adjacent to the current block is not available for prediction of the current block.
- the padding value may be determined to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block adjacent to the boundary line.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130 may perform post-reconstruction filtering on the current block by using a padding value corresponding to the neighboring sample. After reconstruction, the filtering unit 2130 may perform filtering after reconstruction of the current block using sample values of the padded neighboring samples, that is, padding values corresponding to the neighboring samples.
- the filtering unit 2130 may perform Hadamard transform region filtering by using reconstructed samples of the current block adjacent to the boundary line of the current block and padding values corresponding to neighboring samples adjacent to the boundary line.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130 performs 2x2 Hadamard transform region filtering using padding values corresponding to two reconstructed samples of the current block adjacent to the boundary line of the current block and two neighboring samples adjacent to the boundary line. Can be done.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130 may perform bilateral filtering by using reconstructed samples of the current block adjacent to the boundary line of the current block and a padding value corresponding to the neighboring samples adjacent to the boundary line.
- the reconstructed samples of the current block which are updated through the post-reconstruction filtering by the filtering unit 2130 after reconstruction, may be used to perform intra prediction of another block adjacent to the current block. Also, reconstructed samples of a current block updated through filtering after reconstructing may be used to perform inter prediction of a block of a picture other than the current picture.
- the video encoding apparatus 2120 may update sample values of the reconstructed samples by performing in-loop filtering on reconstructed samples of the current block updated through filtering after the reconstruction.
- In-loop filtering may include deblocking filtering and adaptive loop filtering (ALF).
- ALF adaptive loop filtering
- Reconstruction samples updated through in-loop filtering may be used as reference samples for inter prediction of other blocks.
- the video encoding apparatus 2100 not only when a reconstructed sample of a neighboring block is not available due to a poor communication environment or a coding environment, but also a limited intra prediction mode is activated and the neighboring block is Even if the prediction mode is not restored, it is considered that the reliability of the neighboring samples is low, and filtering is not performed after restoration using the sample values of the neighboring blocks.
- the limited intra prediction mode is activated and the neighboring block is not reconstructed in the intra prediction mode
- the video encoding apparatus 2100 uses the reconstructed sample value of the current block adjacent to the outline of the current block instead of the sample value of the neighboring block.
- the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130 and the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 determine padding values corresponding to neighboring samples adjacent to the outline of the current block, and perform filtering after restoration using the padding values. I can. Hereinafter, a process of padding neighboring samples for filtering after restoration will be described with reference to FIGS. 24 and 25.
- FIG. 24 illustrates a process of determining a padding value corresponding to a neighboring sample for filtering after reconstructing a current block based on availability of a neighboring sample, according to an embodiment.
- the filtering unit 1930 after restoration may determine a padding value recSamplesPad[x][y] for filtering the current block.
- the padding value recSamplesPad[x][y] may be determined to be equal to the reconstructed sample value recSamples[x][y] of the current block.
- the availability of the sample, availableN may be determined. (Step 2410)
- the x offset dx and y offset dy of the padding value are set to 0, respectively.
- dx is 1
- the x-coordinate of the sample is nCbW, that is, the sample is a neighboring sample horizontally adjacent to the outside of the right boundary of the current block, and the availableN of the sample is FALSE
- dx is set to -1.
- dy is set to 1. If the y-coordinate of the sample is nCbH, that is, the sample is a neighboring sample that is vertically adjacent outside the lower boundary of the current block, and the availableN of the sample is FALSE, dy is set to -1. (Step 2420)
- the padding value recSamplesPad[x][y] may be determined to be equal to the reconstructed sample value recSamples[x+dx][y+dy] of the current block.
- the padding value recSamplesPad[-1][y] is the restored sample value recSamples[-1+1][y], That is, it may be determined to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block horizontally adjacent to the inside of the left boundary of the current block.
- the padding value recSamplesPad[nCbW][y] is the restored sample value recSamples[nCbW-1][y] of the current block, that is, It may be determined to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block horizontally adjacent inside the right boundary line.
- the padding value recSamplesPad[x][-1] is the reconstructed sample value recSamples[x][-1+1] of the current block, that is, the current It may be determined to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block vertically adjacent inside the upper boundary of the block.
- the padding value recSamplesPad[x][nCbH-1] is the restored sample value recSamples[x][nCbH-1] of the current block, that is, the current It may be determined to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block vertically adjacent inside the lower boundary of the block.
- step 2420 if the location of the sample to be filtered is a neighboring sample adjacent outside the boundary line of the current block and a sample is not available, the reconstructed sample of the current block adjacent inside the boundary line is used instead of the corresponding sample. Filtering may be performed after restoration.
- An error may be included in neighboring samples and restored by referring to another picture restored in a communication environment or coding environment in which an error may occur. If filtering is performed after restoration using the reconstructed neighboring samples, errors included in the neighboring samples may be propagated to the current block as well. In order to prevent such error propagation, the video encoding apparatus 2100 and the video decoding apparatus 1900 according to an embodiment check not only the availability of neighboring samples, but also a prediction mode, and perform filtering after restoration. I can. Operations of the post-reconstruction filtering unit 1930 and the post-reconstruction filtering unit 2130 according to an exemplary embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 25.
- FIG. 25 illustrates a process of determining a padding value corresponding to a neighboring sample for filtering after reconstructing a current block based on availability of neighboring samples and a limited prediction mode, according to an embodiment.
- Step 2510 when the x-coordinate of the sample is -1, that is, when the sample is a neighboring sample horizontally adjacent outside the left boundary of the current block, the availability of the sample availableN is FALSE, or the limited intra prediction mode is activated ( constraint_intra_pred_flag is equal to 1)
- constraint_intra_pred_flag is equal to 1
- the prediction mode of the neighboring block including the neighboring samples is not the intra prediction mode (CuPredMode[xCb + x][yCb + y] is not equal to MODE_INTRA), that is, the neighboring samples are set to the intra prediction mode. If not restored, dx is set to 1.
- step 2520 when the x-coordinate of the sample is nCbW, that is, when the sample is a neighboring sample horizontally adjacent outside the right boundary of the current block, the availability of the sample availableN is FALSE, or the limited intra prediction mode is activated and the neighbor When the prediction mode of the neighboring block including the sample is not the intra prediction mode, that is, when the neighboring samples are not restored to the intra prediction mode, dx is set to -1.
- step 2530 when the y-coordinate of the sample is -1, that is, when the sample is a neighboring sample vertically adjacent outside the upper boundary of the current block, availableN of the sample is FALSE, or the limited intra prediction mode is activated and the neighboring sample
- the prediction mode of the neighboring block including N is not the intra prediction mode, that is, when the neighboring samples are not restored to the intra prediction mode, dy is set to 1.
- step 2540 when the y-coordinate of the sample is nCbH, that is, when the sample is a neighboring sample vertically adjacent outside the lower boundary of the current block, the availableN of the sample is FALSE, or the limited intra prediction mode is activated and the neighboring sample is selected.
- the prediction mode of the included neighboring block is not the intra prediction mode, that is, when the neighboring samples are not restored to the intra prediction mode, dy is set to -1.
- the padding value recSamplesPad[-1][y] may be determined to be equal to the reconstructed sample value of the current block horizontally adjacent to the left boundary of the current block.
- the padding value recSamplesPad[nCbW][y] may be determined to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block horizontally adjacent to the right boundary of the current block.
- the padding value recSamplesPad[x][-1] may be determined to be equal to the reconstructed sample value of the current block vertically adjacent to the upper boundary of the current block.
- the padding value recSamplesPad[x][nCbH-1] may be determined to be the same as the reconstructed sample value of the current block vertically adjacent to the lower boundary of the current block.
- Filtering after reconstructing the current sample is performed using four padding values recSamplesPad[x][y] included in the 2x2 padding area. Accordingly, if all four samples covered by the padding area are all reconstructed samples of the current block, all of them are available, and thus, the four padding values may be determined to be equal to the reconstructed sample values of the current block. Accordingly, filtering may be performed after restoration using the reconstructed sample values of the current block.
- a reconstructed sample of the neighboring block is not available, or (ii) a restricted intra prediction mode is activated.
- the padding value cannot be determined using the reconstructed sample value of the neighboring block.
- four padding values can be secured. Accordingly, even in this case, filtering is performed after restoration using the reconstructed sample values of the current block.
- a video encoding apparatus 2100 and a video decoding apparatus 1900 can prevent an error occurring in a neighboring block from propagating to the current block by performing post-reconstruction filtering in consideration of not only the availability of neighboring samples, but also whether the limited intra prediction mode is activated and the prediction mode of the neighboring block. .
- ISP intra sub-block partitioning
- MIP matrix based intra prediction
- MRL multiple reference line prediction
- IBC intra block copy
- a flag indicating whether to use each intra prediction tool is signaled in the intra prediction mode.
- intra prediction information information indicating an intra prediction direction
- a method of signaling all flags indicating whether the intra prediction tools are used in advance is somewhat inefficient.
- the video encoding apparatus 2100 and the video decoding apparatus 1900 first check whether prediction is performed in a general intra prediction mode, and then propose a method of transmitting a flag indicating whether the remaining intra prediction tools are used. do.
- the flag indicating whether to use the remaining intra prediction tools is shown in FIG. 26 when the tools are individually transmitted, and a method of generating and transmitting an index indicating whether two or more intra prediction tools are activated/deactivated is shown in FIG. 27. In detail.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an even code for defining intra prediction when a flag indicating a case of a general intra prediction mode exists, according to an embodiment.
- a flag 2610 indicating whether prediction is performed in the general intra prediction mode is defined, and if prediction according to the general intra prediction mode is performed, there is no need to transmit a flag 2640 indicating whether another intra prediction tool is used, Only information 2620 for determining the intra prediction direction may be signaled.
- the information 2620 for determining the intra prediction direction may include a most probable mode (MPM) flag (intra_mpm_flag) signaled and an MPM index (intra_mpm_idx) or a remaining mode index (intra_remainder). Therefore, according to the syntax signaling method of FIG. 26, bits for indicating the intra prediction mode can be saved.
- MPM most probable mode
- the general intra prediction mode refers to a prediction mode using a directional prediction mode when performing intra prediction. Prediction according to a general intra prediction mode may be performed together with an intra prediction tool or a post-processing tool that does not require a separate flag indicating whether to use, such as position dependent intra prediction combination (PDPC) or interpolation filtering.
- PDPC position dependent intra prediction combination
- Intra prediction tools other than the general intra prediction mode refer to intra prediction in which prediction tools such as ISP, MIP, MRL, and IBC extended from directional intra prediction are applied together. In general, a flag indicating whether the intra prediction tool is used is displayed. May exist separately.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating a number code for defining intra prediction when an index for indicating an on/off state of other intra prediction modes other than a normal intra prediction mode exists, according to another embodiment.
- the video decoding apparatus 1900 may obtain an intra prediction tool index by using correlations between intra prediction tools in a non-general intra prediction mode.
- a combination of bits 00, 01, 10, and 11 indicating whether ISP/MRL is activated may be indexed.
- an index of two or more bits may be used instead of a flag of one bit to indicate activation states of two or more intra prediction tools.
- index candidates can be reduced, so the number of bits for representing the index can be saved. I can.
- the number of signaled bits may be saved by applying a context model to an index of a frequently selected combination.
- the video encoding apparatus 2100 When there are multiple intra prediction tools, the video encoding apparatus 2100 combines indexes indicating whether all tools are activated, and uses a combination index indicating whether the tools are used, so that only when the number of bits indicating the combination index decreases. Combination index method can be applied.
- a matrix based intra prediction (MIP) tool and tools such as ISP, MRL, and intra-RDPCM (Quantized residual differential pulse coded modulation) are difficult to be used together.
- MIP matrix based intra prediction
- MRL matrix based intra prediction
- intra-RDPCM Quadrature residual differential pulse coded modulation
- FLC fixed length coding
- a combination index of intra prediction tools may be signaled using a truncated binary coding scheme.
- a flag 2710 indicating whether prediction is performed in a general intra prediction mode is defined, and if prediction according to the general intra prediction mode is performed, a combination index indicating whether or not another intra prediction tool is used ( 2740), only information 2720 for determining the intra prediction direction may be signaled. If prediction according to the general intra prediction mode is not performed, a combination index 2740 indicating whether another intra prediction tool is used may be signaled.
- Block size restrictions as shown in FIG. 28 exist for intra prediction tools used in the current VVC standard. Since it is necessary to check whether the block size is within a limited size range before each intra prediction tool is performed, the computational burden may increase.
- a method is proposed to reduce a process for the video encoding apparatus 2100 and the video decoding apparatus 1900 according to an embodiment to check a block size for an intra prediction tool.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram of a number code for collectively limiting a block size before an intra prediction mode is determined according to an embodiment.
- the maximum block size allowed by the intra prediction tool can be unified to 64x64. For this reason, it is not necessary to compare the current block size with the block size limit whenever it is determined whether or not to perform each intra prediction tool.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating a number code for limiting a block intra size together with a general intra prediction mode flag according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram of a pseudocode for limiting intra prediction to be performed only under a specific block size, according to another embodiment.
- intra prediction may be performed only when the size of the current block is less than or equal to a specific size.
- the limited intra prediction mode When the limited intra prediction mode is activated to ensure error resilience, there are parts that need to be changed in existing coding tools. For example, when a limited intra prediction mode is applied, a problem may arise as to whether to process a current block as an inter block or an intra block, and how to use a reference sample when defined as an intra block.
- the prediction mode of the current block is the intra prediction mode
- the limited intra prediction mode is activated, if the neighboring block is a block reconstructed in the inter prediction mode, the neighboring block may be determined to be unavailable.
- the sample of the block reconstructed in the intra prediction mode may be used as a reference sample for performing intra prediction of the current block. have.
- post-reconstruction filtering such as Hadamard transform region filtering may use samples of neighboring blocks of the current block for filtering.
- post-reconstruction filtering such as Hadamard transform region filtering may use samples of neighboring blocks of the current block for filtering.
- the neighboring block may be determined to be unavailable.
- the samples of the block reconstructed in the intra prediction mode will be used as a reference sample for filtering after reconstructing the current block. I can.
- a method in which the video encoding apparatus 2100 and the video decoding apparatus 1900 according to an embodiment perform prediction according to a combined inter and intra prediction (CIIP) mode in a state in which the restricted intra prediction mode is activated is as follows.
- the restricted intra prediction mode When the restricted intra prediction mode is activated, if all of the neighboring blocks are reconstructed blocks in the inter prediction mode, a flag indicating whether the CIIP mode is applied and a bit for signaling a related index can be saved by deactivating the CIIP mode. As another example, when all neighboring blocks of the current block are reconstructed in the intra prediction mode, it may be limited to determine whether to use the CIIP mode.
- the neighboring block When a neighboring block is reconstructed in the CIIP mode, the neighboring block may be regarded as a block reconstructed in the inter prediction mode and may be defined as an unavailable block. As another example, it may be determined whether to define the neighboring block as a block reconstructed in the inter prediction mode or a block reconstructed in the intra prediction mode according to the inter/intra weight of the neighboring block reconstructed in the CIIP mode. As a specific example, when the intra weight is 3 and the inter weight is 1, the neighboring block may be defined as a block reconstructed in the intra prediction mode and may be determined as an available block.
- the neighboring block reconstructed in the CIIP mode may be determined as a block reconstructed in the intra prediction mode.
- the boundary of the neighboring block may be filtered with the same boundary filtering strength (BS) as the block reconstructed in the intra prediction mode.
- BS boundary filtering strength
- the boundary filtering strength at the boundary of the neighboring block reconstructed in the CIIP mode may be set to 2.
- the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure can be written as a program that can be executed on a computer, and the written program can be stored in a medium.
- the medium may be one that continuously stores a program executable by a computer, or temporarily stores a program for execution or download.
- the medium may be a variety of recording means or storage means in a form in which a single piece of hardware or several pieces of hardware are combined.
- the medium is not limited to a medium directly connected to a computer system, but may be distributed on a network. Examples of media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tapes, optical recording media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs, magnetic-optical media such as floptical disks, and And a ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like, and may be configured to store program instructions.
- a storage medium that can be read by a device may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium.
- 'non-transitory storage medium' is a tangible device and only means that it does not contain a signal (e.g., electromagnetic wave), and this term refers to the case where data is semi-permanently stored in the storage medium and is temporary. It does not distinguish the case where it is stored as.
- the'non-transitory storage medium' may include a buffer in which data is temporarily stored.
- examples of other media include an app store that distributes applications, a site that supplies or distributes various software, and a recording medium or storage medium managed by a server.
- a method according to various embodiments disclosed in the present document may be provided by being included in a computer program product.
- Computer program products can be traded between sellers and buyers as commodities.
- the computer program product is distributed in the form of a device-readable storage medium (e.g. compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM)), or through an application store (e.g. Play Store TM ) or two user devices ( It can be distributed (e.g., downloaded or uploaded) directly between, e.g. smartphones).
- a portion of the computer program product e.g., downloadable app
- a device-readable storage medium such as the manufacturer's server, the application store's server, or the relay server's memory. It may be temporarily stored or created temporarily.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 제한된 인트라 예측 모드가 활성화되는지 여부를 나타내는 제한된 예측 정보를 획득하는 단계;상기 현재 블록의 예측 샘플들과 상기 현재 블록의 레지듀얼 샘플들을 이용하여 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플들을 생성하는 단계;상기 제한된 예측 정보에 의해 상기 제한된 인트라 예측 모드가 활성화되고, 상기 이웃 블록의 예측 모드가 인트라 예측 모드가 아닌 경우에, 상기 현재 블록과 상기 이웃 블록 사이의 경계선의 바깥에 인접하는 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플을 이용하여 결정하는 단계;상기 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 이용하여 상기 현재 블록에 대해 복원후 필터링(post-reconstruction filtering)을 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플들을 생성하는 단계는,상기 현재 블록에 대해 예측을 수행하여 상기 현재 블록의 예측 샘플들을 생성하는 단계; 및상기 현재 블록에 대해 역변환을 수행하여 상기 현재 블록의 레지듀얼 샘플들을 생성하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플을 이용하여 결정하는 단계는,상기 현재 블록과 상기 이웃 블록 사이의 경계선 바깥에 위치한 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을, 상기 경계선에 인접한 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플값과 동일하도록 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 비디오 복호화 방법은,상기 현재 블록에 인접하는 이웃 블록의 샘플을 상기 현재 블록의 예측에 이용가능하지 않은 경우에, 상기 현재 블록과 상기 이웃 블록 사이의 경계선 바깥에 위치한 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 상기 경계선에 인접한 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플값과 동일하도록 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 이용하여 상기 현재 블록에 대해 복원후 필터링을 수행하는 단계는,상기 경계선에 인접하는 상기 현재 블록의 2개의 복원 샘플과 상기 경계선에 인접하는 2개의 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 이용하여 2x2 하다마드 변환 영역 필터링을 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 이용하여 상기 현재 블록에 대해 복원후 필터링을 수행하는 단계는,상기 경계선에 인접하는 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플과 상기 경계선에 인접하는 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 이용하여 바이래터럴 필터링(bilateral filtering)을 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 비디오 복호화 방법은,복원후 필터링을 거쳐 갱신된 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플을 이용하여, 상기 현재 블록에 인접하는 제1 블록에 대해 인트라 모드로 예측을 수행하는 단계; 및상기 복원후 필터링을 거쳐 갱신된 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플에 대해 인루프 필터링을 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제한된 인트라 예측 모드가 활성화되는지 여부를 나타내는 제한된 예측 정보를 획득하는 획득부;상기 현재 블록의 예측 샘플들과 상기 현재 블록의 레지듀얼 샘플들을 이용하여 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플들을 생성하는 복원부;상기 제한된 예측 정보에 따라 상기 제한된 인트라 예측 모드가 활성화되고, 상기 이웃 블록의 예측 모드가 인트라 예측 모드가 아닌 경우에, 상기 현재 블록과 상기 이웃 블록 사이의 경계선의 바깥에 인접하는 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플을 이용하여 결정하고, 상기 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 이용하여 상기 현재 블록에 대해 복원후 필터링(post-reconstruction filtering)을 수행하는 복원후 필터링부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 복호화 장치.
- 제한된 인트라 예측 모드가 활성화되는지 여부를 나타내는 제한된 예측 정보를 생성하는 단계;상기 현재 블록의 예측 샘플들과 상기 현재 블록의 레지듀얼 샘플들을 이용하여 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플들을 생성하는 단계;상기 제한된 인트라 예측 모드가 활성화되고, 상기 이웃 블록의 예측 모드가 인트라 예측 모드가 아닌 경우에, 상기 현재 블록과 상기 이웃 블록 사이의 경계선의 바깥에 인접하는 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을을 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플을 이용하여 결정하는 단계;상기 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 이용하여 상기 현재 블록에 대해 복원후 필터링(post-reconstruction filtering)을 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 9항에 있어서, 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플들을 생성하는 단계는,상기 현재 블록에 대해 예측을 수행하여 상기 현재 블록의 예측 샘플들을 생성하는 단계; 및상기 현재 블록에 대해 역변환을 수행하여 상기 현재 블록의 레지듀얼 샘플들을 생성하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 10항에 있어서, 상기 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 현재 블록의 복원 샘플을 이용하여 결정하는 단계는,상기 현재 블록과 상기 이웃 블록 사이의 경계선 바깥에 위치한 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 상기 경계선에 인접한 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플값과 동일하도록 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 9항에 있어서, 상기 비디오 부호화 방법은,상기 현재 블록에 인접하는 이웃 블록의 샘플을 상기 현재 블록의 예측에 이용가능하지 않은 경우에, 상기 현재 블록과 상기 이웃 블록 사이의 경계선 바깥에 위치한 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 상기 경계선에 인접한 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플값과 동일하도록 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 9항에 있어서, 상기 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 이용하여 상기 현재 블록에 대해 복원후 필터링을 수행하는 단계는,상기 경계선에 인접하는 상기 현재 블록의 2개의 복원 샘플과 상기 경계선에 인접하는 2개의 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 이용하여 2x2 하다마드 변환 영역 필터링을 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 9항에 있어서, 상기 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 이용하여 상기 현재 블록에 대해 복원후 필터링을 수행하는 단계는,상기 경계선에 인접하는 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플과 상기 경계선에 인접하는 이웃 샘플에 대응하는 패딩값을 이용하여 바이래터럴 필터링을 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 9항에 있어서, 상기 비디오 부호화 방법은,복원후 필터링을 거쳐 갱신된 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플을 이용하여, 상기 현재 블록에 인접하는 제1 블록에 대해 인트라 모드로 예측을 수행하는 단계; 및상기 복원후 필터링을 거쳐 갱신된 상기 현재 블록의 복원 샘플에 대해 인루프 필터링을 수행하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비디오 부호화 방법.
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| CN120812253A (zh) * | 2019-06-21 | 2025-10-17 | 松下电器(美国)知识产权公司 | 用于视频译码的系统和方法 |
| CN120166221A (zh) * | 2019-08-22 | 2025-06-17 | Lg 电子株式会社 | 基于矩阵的帧内预测设备和方法 |
| US11706461B2 (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2023-07-18 | Tencent America LLC | Method and apparatus for video coding |
| CN119586142A (zh) * | 2022-07-18 | 2025-03-07 | 联发科技股份有限公司 | 用于视频编解码的包含抽头约束的适应性环滤波器的方法和装置 |
| WO2024022377A1 (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-02-01 | Douyin Vision Co., Ltd. | Using non-adjacent samples for adaptive loop filter in video coding |
| JP2026511728A (ja) * | 2023-03-27 | 2026-04-14 | エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド | Mipベースの映像符号化/復号化方法、ビットストリームを伝送する方法、及びビットストリームを保存している記録媒体 |
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| US12081745B2 (en) | 2024-09-03 |
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| CN120263991A (zh) | 2025-07-04 |
| CN114245988B (zh) | 2025-04-11 |
| KR102794426B1 (ko) | 2025-04-11 |
| KR20220003113A (ko) | 2022-01-07 |
| US12610045B2 (en) | 2026-04-21 |
| EP3989586A1 (en) | 2022-04-27 |
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| US20240388703A1 (en) | 2024-11-21 |
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| BR112021025753A2 (pt) | 2022-02-22 |
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