WO2021007700A1 - 指纹检测的装置和电子设备 - Google Patents

指纹检测的装置和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021007700A1
WO2021007700A1 PCT/CN2019/095780 CN2019095780W WO2021007700A1 WO 2021007700 A1 WO2021007700 A1 WO 2021007700A1 CN 2019095780 W CN2019095780 W CN 2019095780W WO 2021007700 A1 WO2021007700 A1 WO 2021007700A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
pixel
optical
pixels
peripheral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/095780
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龙卫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2019/095780 priority Critical patent/WO2021007700A1/zh
Priority to CN201980004070.5A priority patent/CN111164607B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/108223 priority patent/WO2021007953A1/zh
Priority to CN201980004244.8A priority patent/CN111108510B/zh
Priority to CN202110586440.XA priority patent/CN113239856B/zh
Priority to KR1020207030945A priority patent/KR102475288B1/ko
Priority to EP19929178.2A priority patent/EP3789913B1/en
Priority to CN201921636356.9U priority patent/CN210864747U/zh
Priority to CN201980013671.2A priority patent/CN111801679B/zh
Priority to CN201922451701.8U priority patent/CN211180842U/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/129434 priority patent/WO2021008088A1/zh
Priority to US17/034,981 priority patent/US11531430B2/en
Publication of WO2021007700A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021007700A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1318—Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/13—Sensors therefor
    • G06V40/1324—Sensors therefor by using geometrical optics, e.g. using prisms

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of biometric identification, and more specifically, to a fingerprint detection device and electronic equipment.
  • the under-screen optical fingerprint recognition technology is to install the optical fingerprint module under the display screen, and realize fingerprint recognition by collecting the optical fingerprint image.
  • the requirements for fingerprint recognition performance are getting higher and higher.
  • the contact area between the dry fingers and the display screen is very small, and the recognition response area is very small, resulting in discontinuities in the collected fingerprints and easy loss of feature points, which affects the performance of fingerprint recognition .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a fingerprint detection device and electronic equipment, which can improve the performance of fingerprint recognition.
  • a fingerprint detection device which is suitable for under the display screen to realize under-screen optical fingerprint detection.
  • the device includes an array of super pixels, wherein the super pixels include: a central photosensitive pixel and a plurality of peripheral pixels.
  • a photosensitive pixel wherein the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels surround the central photosensitive pixel; a micro lens covering the central photosensitive pixel and the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels; at least one light blocking layer is disposed on the micro lens
  • each of the at least one light-blocking layer is provided in each light-blocking layer corresponding to the central photosensitive pixel and the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels
  • the aperture of each photosensitive pixel wherein, the first light signal returned from the finger above the display screen is transmitted to the center photosensitive pixel through the microlens and the opening corresponding to the center photosensitive pixel, and from the The second optical signal returned by the finger is transmitted to the peripheral photosensitive pixel through the microlens and the
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application adopts a super pixel that includes a central photosensitive pixel and a plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels.
  • the central photosensitive pixel receives light signals that are incident perpendicular to the array, and the peripheral photosensitive pixels receive light signals that are obliquely incident with respect to the array. Can improve the performance of fingerprint recognition.
  • the incident angle of the second optical signal with respect to the array is in a range of 25-45 degrees.
  • the incident angle of the second optical signal with respect to the array is in a range of 30-40 degrees.
  • the incident angle of the second optical signal with respect to the array is 35 degrees.
  • the incident directions of the second light signals corresponding to the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels are symmetrically distributed about the center of the super pixel.
  • the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels are six peripheral photosensitive pixels, and the central photosensitive pixel and the six peripheral photosensitive pixels are all hexagonal pixels.
  • the structure arrangement of hexagonal pixels has higher symmetry, higher sampling efficiency, equal distance between adjacent pixels, better angular resolution, and less aliasing effects.
  • the side length of the hexagonal pixel ranges from 2um to 25um.
  • the number of super pixels in each row or column of the array is not less than 10.
  • the at least one light-blocking layer is a multi-layer light-blocking layer, wherein the connection lines of the openings corresponding to the same peripheral photosensitive pixel in the multi-layer light-blocking layer are relative to the array Tilt to guide the second light signal to the corresponding peripheral photosensitive pixel, and the connection line of the opening corresponding to the central pixel in the multi-layer light shielding layer is perpendicular to the array, so that the A light signal is guided to the center pixel.
  • the apertures corresponding to the same pixel in the multi-layer light-blocking layer are sequentially reduced from top to bottom.
  • the at least one light-blocking layer is a light-blocking layer, wherein the openings in the one-layer light-blocking layer corresponding to the peripheral photosensitive pixels are inclined through holes, The second light signal is guided to the peripheral photosensitive pixel, and the opening corresponding to the center pixel in the one-layer light blocking layer is a vertical through hole to guide the first light signal to the center Pixels.
  • the light blocking layer is a metal layer, and the openings are through holes formed in the metal layer.
  • the opening is a cylindrical through hole, and the diameter of the opening is greater than 100 nm.
  • the super pixel further includes: a transparent medium layer, which is used to connect the microlens, the at least one light blocking layer, the central photosensitive pixel and a plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels, and fill The openings.
  • the super pixel further includes: a filter layer, the filter layer is arranged in the light path between the microlens to the central photosensitive pixel and the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels, or arranged Above the microlens, it is used to filter the light signal in the non-target waveband and pass the light signal in the target waveband.
  • the filter layer is a coating formed on the surface of any layer in the optical path.
  • the central photosensitive pixel and the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels are both complementary metal oxide semiconductor devices, and the optical sensitivity of the complementary metal oxide semiconductor device to the optical signal of the target wavelength band is greater than the first A predetermined threshold, and the quantum efficiency is greater than a second predetermined threshold.
  • the exposure time of the device is determined by the brightness value of the central photosensitive pixel. In this way, the exposure time is the same as the normal normal incidence, so that the user experience is not affected.
  • the device further includes a processing unit configured to compensate the brightness values of the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels according to the brightness value of the central photosensitive pixel.
  • an electronic device which includes a display screen and a fingerprint detection device in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, the device is arranged under the display screen to realize off-screen Optical fingerprint detection.
  • Fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device to which the present application can be applied.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electronic device shown in FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of another structure of an electronic device applicable to the present application.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electronic device shown in FIG. 2A.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fingerprint detection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a super pixel according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a super pixel according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the angular resolution of the fingerprint detection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of image processing of the fingerprint detection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of this application can be applied to fingerprint systems, including but not limited to optical, ultrasonic or other fingerprint identification systems and medical diagnostic products based on optical, ultrasonic or other fingerprint imaging.
  • the embodiments of this application only take optical fingerprint systems as an example
  • the embodiments of the present application should not constitute any limitation, and the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to other systems that use optical, ultrasonic, or other imaging technologies.
  • the optical fingerprint system provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied to smart phones, tablet computers, and other mobile terminals with display screens or other electronic devices; more specifically, in the above electronic devices, the fingerprint model The group may specifically be an optical fingerprint module, which may be arranged in a partial area or an entire area below the display screen, thereby forming an under-display or under-screen optical fingerprint system.
  • the optical fingerprint module can also be partially or fully integrated into the display screen of the electronic device, thereby forming an in-display or in-screen optical fingerprint system.
  • the fingerprint recognition technology under the optical screen uses the light returned from the top surface of the device display assembly to perform fingerprint sensing and other sensing operations.
  • the returned light carries the information of the object (for example, a finger) in contact with the top surface.
  • a specific optical sensor module located under the display screen is realized.
  • the design of the optical sensor module can be such that the desired optical imaging can be achieved by appropriately configuring optical elements for collecting and detecting the returned light.
  • FIG. 1A to 2B show schematic diagrams of electronic devices to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.
  • 1A and 2A are schematic views of the orientation of the electronic device 10
  • FIG. 1B and FIG. 2B are schematic cross-sectional views of the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 2A.
  • the electronic device 10 includes a display screen 120 and an optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 is arranged in a partial area below the display screen 120.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 includes an optical fingerprint sensor, and the optical fingerprint sensor includes a sensing array 133 having a plurality of optical sensing units 131 (also referred to as photosensitive pixels, pixel units, etc.).
  • the area where the sensing array 133 is located or the sensing area thereof is the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130 (also referred to as fingerprint collection area, fingerprint recognition area, etc.). As shown in FIG. 1, the fingerprint detection area 103 is located in the display area of the display screen 120.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may also be arranged in other positions, such as the side of the display screen 120 or the non-transparent area of the edge of the electronic device 10, and the optical fingerprint module 130 The optical signal of at least a part of the display area of the display screen 120 is guided to the optical fingerprint module 130, so that the fingerprint detection area 103 is actually located in the display area of the display screen 120.
  • the area of the fingerprint detection area 103 may be different from the area of the sensing array 133 of the optical fingerprint module 130, for example, through an optical path design such as lens imaging, a reflective folding optical path design, or other optical paths such as light convergence or reflection.
  • the design can make the area of the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130 larger than the area of the sensing array 133 of the optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130 can also be designed to be substantially the same as the area of the sensing array of the optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the electronic device 10 adopting the above structure does not need to reserve space on the front side for setting fingerprint buttons (such as the Home button), so that a full screen solution can be adopted, that is, the display area of the display screen 120 It can be basically extended to the front of the entire electronic device 10.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 includes a light detecting part 134 and an optical component 132.
  • the light detection part 134 includes the sensor array 133, a reading circuit electrically connected to the sensor array 133, and other auxiliary circuits, which can be fabricated on a chip (Die) by a semiconductor process, such as an optical imaging chip Or an optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the sensing array 133 is specifically a photodetector (photodetector) array, which includes a plurality of photodetectors distributed in an array, and the photodetectors can be used as the optical sensing unit as described above.
  • the optical component 132 may be disposed above the sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134, and it may specifically include a filter layer (Filter), a light guide layer or a light path guiding structure, and other optical elements.
  • the filter layer It can be used to filter out ambient light penetrating the finger, and the light guide layer or light path guiding structure is mainly used to guide the reflected light reflected from the surface of the finger to the sensing array 133 for optical detection.
  • the optical assembly 132 and the light detecting part 134 may be packaged in the same optical fingerprint component.
  • the optical component 132 and the optical detection part 134 can be packaged in the same optical fingerprint chip, or the optical component 132 can be arranged outside the chip where the optical detection part 134 is located, for example, the optical component 132 is attached above the chip, or some components of the optical assembly 132 are integrated into the chip.
  • the light guide layer or light path guiding structure of the optical component 132 has multiple implementation schemes.
  • the light guide layer may specifically be a collimator layer made on a semiconductor silicon wafer, which has multiple A collimating unit or a micro-hole array.
  • the collimating unit can be specifically a small hole.
  • the reflected light reflected from the finger the light that is perpendicularly incident on the collimating unit can pass through and be passed by the optical sensing unit below it.
  • the light with an excessively large incident angle is attenuated by multiple reflections inside the collimating unit. Therefore, each optical sensing unit can basically only receive the reflected light reflected by the fingerprint pattern directly above it.
  • the sensing array 133 can detect the fingerprint image of the finger.
  • the light guide layer or the light path guide structure may also be an optical lens (Lens) layer, which has one or more lens units, such as a lens group composed of one or more aspheric lenses, which The sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134 is used to converge the reflected light reflected from the finger to the sensing array 133 of the light detection part 134 below, so that the sensing array 133 can perform imaging based on the reflected light, thereby obtaining a fingerprint image of the finger.
  • the optical lens layer may further have a pinhole formed in the optical path of the lens unit, and the pinhole may cooperate with the optical lens layer to expand the field of view of the optical fingerprint module 130 to improve The fingerprint imaging effect of the optical fingerprint module 130 is described.
  • the light guide layer or the light path guide structure may also specifically adopt a micro-lens (Micro-Lens) layer.
  • the micro-lens layer has a micro-lens array formed by a plurality of micro-lenses, which can be grown by semiconductors.
  • a process or other processes are formed above the sensing array 133 of the light detecting part 134, and each microlens may correspond to one of the sensing units of the sensing array 133, respectively.
  • other optical film layers may be formed between the microlens layer and the sensing unit, such as a dielectric layer or a passivation layer.
  • a light blocking layer (or called a light blocking layer, a light blocking layer, etc.) with micro holes (or called openings) may also be included between the micro lens layer and the sensing unit, wherein the micro The hole is formed between the corresponding micro lens and the sensing unit, the light blocking layer can block the optical interference between the adjacent micro lens and the sensing unit, and make the light corresponding to the sensing unit converge through the micro lens To the inside of the micropore and transfer to the sensing unit through the micropore for optical fingerprint imaging.
  • a micro lens layer may be further provided above or below the collimator layer or the optical lens layer.
  • the collimator layer or the optical lens layer is used in combination with the micro lens layer, its specific laminated structure or optical path may need to be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the display screen 120 may adopt a display screen with a self-luminous display unit, such as an organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) display or a micro-LED (Micro-LED) display.
  • a self-luminous display unit such as an organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) display or a micro-LED (Micro-LED) display.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • Micro-LED Micro-LED
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 can use the display unit (ie, an OLED light source) of the OLED display screen 120 in the fingerprint detection area 103 as an excitation light source for optical fingerprint detection.
  • the display screen 120 emits a beam of light 111 to the target finger 140 above the fingerprint detection area 103.
  • the light 111 is reflected on the surface of the finger 140 to form reflected light or pass through all the fingers.
  • the finger 140 scatters to form scattered light (transmitted light).
  • scattered light transmitted light
  • the above-mentioned reflected light and scattered light are collectively referred to as reflected light. Because the ridge 141 and valley 142 of the fingerprint have different light reflection capabilities, the reflected light 151 from the fingerprint ridge and the reflected light 152 from the fingerprint valley have different light intensities, and the reflected light passes through the optical component 132.
  • the electronic device 10 realizes the optical fingerprint recognition function.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may also use a built-in light source or an external light source to provide an optical signal for fingerprint detection.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may be suitable for non-self-luminous display screens, such as liquid crystal display screens or other passively-luminous display screens.
  • the optical fingerprint system of the electronic device 10 may also include an excitation light source for optical fingerprint detection.
  • the excitation light source may specifically be an infrared light source or a light source of non-visible light of a specific wavelength, which may be arranged under the backlight module of the liquid crystal display or in the edge area under the protective cover of the electronic device 10, and the The optical fingerprint module 130 may be arranged under the edge area of the liquid crystal panel or the protective cover and guided by the light path so that the fingerprint detection light can reach the optical fingerprint module 130; or, the optical fingerprint module 130 may also be arranged at all Below the backlight module, and the backlight module is designed to allow the fingerprint detection light to pass through the liquid crystal panel and the backlight module and reach the optical Fingerprint module 130.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 uses a built-in light source or an external light source to provide an optical signal for fingerprint detection, the detection principle is the same as that described above.
  • the electronic device 10 further includes a transparent protective cover, which may be a glass cover or a sapphire cover, which is located above the display screen 120 and covers the electronic The front of the device 10. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present application, the so-called finger pressing on the display screen 120 actually refers to pressing on the cover plate above the display screen 120 or covering the surface of the protective layer of the cover plate.
  • a transparent protective cover which may be a glass cover or a sapphire cover
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may include only one optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130 has a small area and a fixed position, so the user is performing During fingerprint input, it is necessary to press the finger to a specific position of the fingerprint detection area 103, otherwise the optical fingerprint module 130 may not be able to collect the fingerprint image, resulting in poor user experience.
  • the optical fingerprint module 130 may specifically include multiple optical fingerprint sensors. The multiple optical fingerprint sensors may be arranged side by side under the display screen 120 in a splicing manner, and the sensing areas of the multiple optical fingerprint sensors together constitute the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130.
  • the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint module 130 can be extended to the main area of the lower half of the display screen, that is, to the area where the finger is habitually pressed, so as to realize the blind fingerprint input operation. Further, when the number of optical fingerprint sensors is sufficient, the fingerprint detection area 103 can also be extended to half of the display area or even the entire display area, thereby realizing half-screen or full-screen fingerprint detection.
  • the multiple optical fingerprint sensors may be arranged side by side in the Below the display screen 120 and the sensing areas of the multiple optical fingerprint sensors collectively constitute the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint device 130.
  • the optical assembly 132 may have multiple optical path guiding structures, and each optical path guiding structure corresponds to an optical fingerprint sensor, and is attached to each optical fingerprint sensor. It is arranged above the corresponding optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the multiple optical fingerprint sensors may also share an overall optical path guiding structure, that is, the optical path guiding structure has an area large enough to cover the sensing array of the multiple optical fingerprint sensors.
  • the optical component 132 may also include other optical elements, such as a filter or other optical films, which may be arranged between the optical path guiding structure and the optical fingerprint sensor or arranged on the display.
  • the screen 120 and the optical path guiding structure are mainly used to isolate the influence of external interference light on optical fingerprint detection.
  • the filter can be used to filter out the ambient light that penetrates the finger and enters the optical fingerprint sensor through the display screen 120. Similar to the optical path guiding structure, the filter can be specific to each The optical fingerprint sensors are separately arranged to filter out interference light, or a large-area filter can also be used to simultaneously cover the multiple optical fingerprint sensors.
  • the optical path modulator may also be replaced by an optical lens (Lens), and a small hole formed by a light-shielding material above the optical lens can cooperate with the optical lens to converge fingerprint detection light to an optical fingerprint sensor below to achieve fingerprint imaging.
  • each optical fingerprint sensor can be configured with an optical lens to perform fingerprint imaging, or the multiple optical fingerprint sensors can also use the same optical lens to achieve light convergence and fingerprint imaging.
  • each optical fingerprint sensor may even have two sensing arrays (Dual Array) or multiple sensing arrays (Multi-Array), and two or more optical lenses are configured to cooperate with the two at the same time. Or multiple sensing arrays perform optical imaging, thereby reducing the imaging distance and enhancing the imaging effect.
  • the number, size, and arrangement of the fingerprint sensors shown above are only examples and can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the number of the plurality of fingerprint sensors may be 2, 3, 4, 5, etc., and the plurality of fingerprint sensors may be distributed in a square or circular shape.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the detection of various types of fingers, and are particularly suitable for the detection of dry fingers.
  • the so-called dry fingers refer to dry fingers or clean fingers.
  • the current fingerprint recognition solution has a poor fingerprint recognition effect on dry fingers, and the fingerprint recognition solution provided by the embodiment of the present application can improve the fingerprint recognition performance on dry fingers.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a fingerprint detection device 30 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3, the device 30 includes an array of super pixels 300.
  • the number of super pixels in each row or column of the array is not less than 10.
  • the number of super pixels in the array can be set according to factors such as the size of the fingerprint detection area and the requirements of image resolution, and the specific number is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the number of super pixels 300 shown in FIG. 3 should not be understood as a limitation to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the super pixel 300 includes a central photosensitive pixel 311 and a plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels 312.
  • the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels 312 surround the central photosensitive pixel 311.
  • the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels 312 are six peripheral photosensitive pixels 312, that is, one super pixel 300 includes a central photosensitive pixel 311 and six peripheral photosensitive pixels 312.
  • the central photosensitive pixel 311 and the six peripheral photosensitive pixels 312 are all hexagonal pixels to achieve a close-packed arrangement of hexagonal pixels.
  • the side length of the hexagonal pixel ranges from 2um-25um.
  • the structure arrangement of hexagonal pixels has higher symmetry, higher sampling efficiency, equal distance between adjacent pixels, better angular resolution, and less aliasing effects.
  • the structural arrangement of hexagonal pixels can be better imaged and has a better angular resolution.
  • fingerprint textures are mostly arc-shaped, the structural arrangement of hexagonal pixels can better image fingerprints, thereby improving the performance of fingerprint recognition.
  • the shape of the central photosensitive pixel 311 and the peripheral photosensitive pixel 312 may also be other shapes, such as other polygons or circles, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the super pixel 300 further includes: a micro lens 320 and at least one light blocking layer 330.
  • the micro lens 320 covers the central photosensitive pixel 311 and the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels 312.
  • all photosensitive pixels in a super pixel 300 that is, the central photosensitive pixel 311 and all peripheral photosensitive pixels 312 correspond to a microlens 320.
  • the microlens 320 may be various lenses with a convergence function, which are used to increase the field of view and increase the amount of light signals transmitted to the photosensitive pixels.
  • the material of the microlens may be an organic material, such as resin.
  • At least one light blocking layer 330 is disposed between the micro lens 320 and the central photosensitive pixel 311 and the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels 312, and each of the at least one light blocking layer 330 is located in the light blocking layer 330 An opening 331 corresponding to each of the central photosensitive pixel 311 and the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels 312 is provided.
  • the first optical signal 341 returned from the finger above the display screen is transmitted to the central photosensitive pixel 311 through the microlens 320 and the opening corresponding to the central photosensitive pixel 311, and the second optical signal returned from the finger 342 is transmitted to the peripheral photosensitive pixel 312 through the microlens 320 and the opening corresponding to the peripheral photosensitive pixel 312.
  • the first optical signal 341 is an optical signal that is incident perpendicular to the array.
  • the second optical signal 342 is an optical signal inclined with respect to the array and incident toward the center of the super pixel 300.
  • the central photosensitive pixel 311 is used to receive the first light signal 341
  • the peripheral photosensitive pixel 312 is used to receive the second light signal 342 to obtain fingerprint information of the finger.
  • the light signal detected by the photosensitive pixel (the central photosensitive pixel 311 or the peripheral photosensitive pixel 312) can be used to form one pixel of the captured image.
  • the photosensitive pixels may be photoelectric sensors, which are used to convert light signals into electrical signals.
  • the photosensitive pixel may use a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, CMOS) device, which is a semiconductor device composed of a PN junction and has unidirectional conductivity characteristics.
  • CMOS complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • the light sensitivity of the photosensitive pixel to blue, green, red or infrared light is greater than a first predetermined threshold
  • the quantum efficiency is greater than a second predetermined threshold.
  • the first predetermined threshold may be 0.5v/lux-sec
  • the second predetermined threshold may be 40%.
  • the photosensitive pixel has higher light sensitivity and higher quantum efficiency for blue light (wavelength of 460 ⁇ 30nm), green light (wavelength of 540 ⁇ 30nm), red light or infrared light (wavelength ⁇ 610nm), so that To detect the corresponding light.
  • the above-mentioned parameters of the photosensitive pixel may correspond to the light required for fingerprint detection.
  • the above-mentioned parameters of the photosensitive pixel only need to meet the requirements of light in this wavelength band. OK.
  • the second light signal 342 received by the peripheral photosensitive pixel 312 is an obliquely incident light signal.
  • obliquely incident light signals By obliquely incident light signals, a larger area of fingerprint peak and valley projection can be obtained, so that more continuous fingerprints can be obtained.
  • continuous fingerprints can be obtained by oblique light in the light signal transmitted from the fingers, thereby improving the recognition effect of dry fingers.
  • fingerprints can be obtained by the light signal reflected from the contact interface (orthogonal fingerprint), and in the area where the finger is not in contact with the display, fingerprints can be obtained by the light signal transmitted from the finger (reverse fingerprint) .
  • the image of the positive and negative transition zone is easily blurred.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application adopts a super pixel that includes a central photosensitive pixel and a plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels.
  • the central photosensitive pixel receives light signals incident perpendicular to the array, and the peripheral photosensitive pixels receive light obliquely incident with respect to the array. Signal, can improve the performance of fingerprint recognition.
  • the incident angle of the second optical signal 342 with respect to the array may be in the range of 30-40 degrees.
  • the incident angle of the second optical signal 342 with respect to the array is 35 degrees. That is, the second optical signal 342 is inclined by 35 degrees.
  • the incident angle of the second optical signal 342 may also be other specific angles, and the specific angle may be set according to specific recognition requirements or recognition effects.
  • the incident angle may be greater than 25-45 degrees.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the incident directions of the second light signals corresponding to the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels 312 are symmetrically distributed around the center of the super pixel. As shown in FIG. 5, the second light signals corresponding to the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels 312 are all obliquely incident toward the center of the super pixel 300, and their incident directions are distributed symmetrically.
  • the light signal is guided by the opening in the light blocking layer.
  • the light blocking layer can be provided with one layer or multiple layers.
  • the at least one light-blocking layer 330 is a multi-layer light-blocking layer, wherein the connection lines of the openings corresponding to the same peripheral photosensitive pixel in the multi-layer light-blocking layer Inclined with respect to the array to guide the second light signal to the corresponding peripheral photosensitive pixels, and the connection lines of the openings corresponding to the central pixel in the multilayer light blocking layer are perpendicular to the array, To guide the first light signal to the central pixel.
  • the corresponding openings in the multilayer light blocking layer are arranged vertically, so that the central photosensitive pixel 311 can receive the vertically incident light signal.
  • the corresponding openings in the multilayer light-blocking layer are arranged obliquely, so that the peripheral photosensitive pixels 312 can receive obliquely incident light signals, while blocking other incident directions Light signal.
  • the oblique angle of the opening corresponding to the peripheral photosensitive pixel 312 can be set according to the optical path of the second optical signal 342 to ensure that the second optical signal 342 is transmitted to the corresponding peripheral photosensitive pixel 312.
  • the apertures corresponding to the same pixel in the multi-layer light blocking layer 330 are sequentially reduced from top to bottom.
  • the aperture of the opening in the upper light-blocking layer is set to be larger than the aperture in the lower light-blocking layer, so that more light signals (a certain angle range) can be guided to the corresponding photosensitive layer. Pixels.
  • the at least one light-blocking layer 330 is a light-blocking layer, wherein the openings corresponding to the peripheral photosensitive pixels in the light-blocking layer are inclined.
  • a through hole to guide the second light signal to the peripheral photosensitive pixel, and the opening corresponding to the central pixel in the one-layer light blocking layer is a vertical through hole to transmit the first light signal Lead to the center pixel.
  • the corresponding opening is a vertical through hole, so that the central photosensitive pixel 311 can receive the light signal that is incident vertically, while blocking light signals in other incident directions;
  • the corresponding openings are oblique through holes, so that the peripheral photosensitive pixels 312 can receive obliquely incident light signals, but block light signals from other incident directions.
  • the inclination angle of the opening corresponding to the peripheral photosensitive pixel 312 can be set according to the optical path of the second optical signal 342 to ensure that the second optical signal 342 is transmitted to the corresponding peripheral photosensitive pixel 312.
  • the light blocking layer 330 has a transmittance of less than 20% for light in a specific wavelength band (for example, visible light or a wavelength band above 610 nm) to prevent corresponding light from passing through.
  • the light blocking layer 330 may be a metal layer, and correspondingly, the opening 331 is a through hole formed in the metal layer.
  • the opening 331 is a cylindrical through hole.
  • the aperture of the opening 331 is larger than 100 nm, so as to transmit the required light for imaging.
  • the aperture of the opening 331 should also be smaller than a predetermined value to ensure that the light blocking layer 330 can block unwanted light.
  • the parameters of the opening 331 are set as much as possible to maximize the transmission of the light signal required for imaging to the photosensitive pixel, and the unnecessary light is blocked to the maximum.
  • the parameters of the opening 331 can be set to maximize the transmission of the vertically incident light signal to the central photosensitive pixel 311, while maximizing the blocking of other light signals;
  • the parameters of the opening 331 can be set to maximize the transmission of the optical signal obliquely incident at a specific angle (for example, 35 degrees) to the peripheral photosensitive pixel 312, and to maximize the blocking of other optical signals.
  • a transparent medium layer is further provided between the microlens 320, the light blocking layer 330 and the photosensitive pixels.
  • the transparent medium layer is used to connect the microlens 320, the at least one light blocking layer 330, the central photosensitive pixel 311 and a plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels 312, and fill the opening 331.
  • the transparent medium layer can transmit the optical signal of the target wavelength band (that is, the optical signal of the wavelength band required for fingerprint detection).
  • the transparent dielectric layer may be oxide or nitride.
  • the transparent medium layer may include multiple layers to implement functions such as protection, transition, and buffering respectively.
  • a transition layer can be provided between the inorganic layer and the organic layer to achieve a tight connection; a protective layer can be provided on the easily oxidized layer to achieve protection.
  • the super pixel 300 may further include: a filter layer.
  • the filter layer is arranged in the light path between the microlens 320 to the central photosensitive pixel 311 and the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels 312, or is arranged above the microlens 320, for filtering non-target wavelengths.
  • Optical signal the optical signal passing through the target band.
  • the transmittance of the filter layer to light in the target wavelength band is ⁇ 80%
  • the cut-off rate to light in the non-target wavelength band is ⁇ 80%
  • the filter layer may be an independently formed filter layer.
  • the filter layer may be a filter layer formed by using blue crystal or blue glass as a carrier.
  • the filter layer may be a coating formed on the surface of any layer in the optical path.
  • a film can be coated on the surface of the photosensitive pixel, the surface of any layer of the transparent medium layer, or the lower surface of the microlens to form a filter layer.
  • the device 30 may further include: a medium and a metal layer, which may include a connection circuit for photosensitive pixels.
  • the medium and the metal layer can be arranged above the photosensitive pixels, and this method is Front Side Illumination (FSI).
  • FSI Front Side Illumination
  • the medium and the metal layer can also be arranged under the photosensitive pixels, and this method is back-side illumination (BSI).
  • BSA back-side illumination
  • the exposure time of the device 30 is determined by the brightness value of the central photosensitive pixel 311.
  • the optical path of the obliquely incident optical signal is longer than the optical path of the vertically incident optical signal, and the loss path increases, which further affects the amount of signal reaching the photosensitive pixel and increases the exposure time.
  • the exposure time is directly related to the user experience. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, for the center photosensitive pixel, the vertical incidence is reserved. In a super pixel, the brightness value of the center photosensitive pixel can be saturated first, and the brightness value of the center photosensitive pixel determines the exposure time, that is, the center photosensitive pixel. The exposure stops when the pixel's brightness value is saturated. In this way, the exposure time is the same as the normal normal incidence, so that the user experience is not affected.
  • the obliquely incident optical signal is mainly used to collect fingerprint peak and valley data, and the main concern is the peak-to-valley difference.
  • the absolute size of the converted value after the pixel is exposed to light is not particularly important. Therefore, the above-mentioned exposure time can not only collect the required data, but also ensure the user experience.
  • the device 30 may further include a processing unit.
  • the processing unit is configured to compensate the brightness values of the plurality of peripheral photosensitive pixels 312 according to the brightness value of the central photosensitive pixel 311.
  • the processing unit may process the data collected by the photosensitive pixels to facilitate fingerprint identification. As shown in FIG. 7, due to the difference of incident light signals, the brightness value of the central photosensitive pixel 311 is higher than that of the peripheral photosensitive pixels 312. In this case, the processing unit can compensate the brightness value of the peripheral photosensitive pixel 312 according to the brightness value of the central photosensitive pixel 311 in a super pixel, so as to obtain the overall brightness saturation.
  • FIG. 7 It should be understood that, in order to facilitate observation, an alternate exposure method is adopted in FIG. 7, which should not be understood as a limitation to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 30 may further include a supporting structure for supporting the device 30, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, which may include a display screen and the fingerprint detection device of the above embodiment of the application, wherein the fingerprint detection device is arranged under the display screen to realize the screen Under optical fingerprint detection.
  • the electronic device can be any electronic device with a display screen.
  • the display screen may be the display screen described above, such as an OLED display screen or other display screens.
  • OLED display screen or other display screens.
  • the units can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both, in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software.
  • the composition and steps of each example have been described generally in terms of function. Whether these functions are executed by hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the disclosed system and device may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application is essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium It includes several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .

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Abstract

一种指纹检测的装置和电子设备。该指纹检测的装置包括超级像素（300）的阵列，其中，该超级像素（300）包括：中心感光像素（311）和多个周边感光像素（312），其中，该多个周边感光像素（312）包围该中心感光像素（311）；微透镜（320），覆盖该中心感光像素（311）和该多个周边感光像素（312）；至少一层挡光层（330），设置于该微透镜（320）与该中心感光像素（311）和该多个周边感光像素（312）之间，至少一层挡光层（330）中每层挡光层（330）中设置有对应于该中心感光像素（311）和该多个周边感光像素（312）中每一个感光像素的开孔；其中，从显示屏上方的手指返回的第一光信号（341）经该微透镜（320）和与该中心感光像素（311）对应的开孔传输至该中心感光像素（311），从该手指返回的第二光信号（342）经该微透镜（320）和与该周边感光像素（312）对应的开孔传输至该周边感光像素（312）。

Description

指纹检测的装置和电子设备 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及生物特征识别领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种指纹检测的装置和电子设备。
背景技术
随着终端行业的高速发展，生物识别技术越来越受到人们重视，更加便捷的屏下生物特征识别技术，例如屏下光学指纹识别技术的实用化已成为大众所需。
屏下光学指纹识别技术是将光学指纹模组设置于显示屏下，通过采集光学指纹图像，实现指纹识别。随着终端产品的发展，对指纹识别性能的要求越来越高。然而，在某些情况下，例如，干手指的情况，干手指和显示屏的接触面积非常小，识别响应面积非常小，导致采集的指纹不连续，特征点容易丢失，影响了指纹识别的性能。
因此，如何提升指纹识别的性能，成为一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种指纹检测的装置和电子设备，能够提升指纹识别的性能。
第一方面，提供了一种指纹检测的装置，适用于显示屏下方以实现屏下光学指纹检测，所述装置包括超级像素的阵列，其中，所述超级像素包括：中心感光像素和多个周边感光像素，其中，所述多个周边感光像素包围所述中心感光像素；微透镜，覆盖所述中心感光像素和所述多个周边感光像素；至少一层挡光层，设置于所述微透镜与所述中心感光像素和所述多个周边感光像素之间，所述至少一层挡光层中每层挡光层中设置有对应于所述中心感光像素和所述多个周边感光像素中每一个感光像素的开孔；其中，从所述显示屏上方的手指返回的第一光信号经所述微透镜和与所述中心感光像素对应的开孔传输至所述中心感光像素，从所述手指返回的第二光信号经所述微透镜和与所述周边感光像素对应的开孔传输至所述周边感光像素，所述第一光信号为相对于所述阵列垂直入射的光信号，所述第二光信号为相对于所述 阵列倾斜且朝向所述超级像素的中心入射的光信号；所述中心感光像素用于接收所述第一光信号，所述周边感光像素用于接收所述第二光信号，以获取所述手指的指纹信息。
本申请实施例的技术方案，采用包括中心感光像素和多个周边感光像素的超级像素，通过中心感光像素接收相对于阵列垂直入射的光信号，周边感光像素接收相对于阵列倾斜入射的光信号，能够提升指纹识别的性能。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第二光信号相对于所述阵列的入射角处于25-45度的范围内。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第二光信号相对于所述阵列的入射角处于30-40度的范围内。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第二光信号相对于所述阵列的入射角为35度。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述多个周边感光像素对应的第二光信号的入射方向以所述超级像素的中心对称分布。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述多个周边感光像素为六个周边感光像素，所述中心感光像素和所述六个周边感光像素均为六边形像素。
六边形像素的结构排布，具有更高的对称性，更高的采样效率，相邻像素等距，更好的角度分辨率，更少的混迭效应。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述六边形像素的边长的范围为2um-25um。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述阵列的每行或每列的超级像素的数量不小于10。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述至少一层挡光层为多层挡光层，其中，所述多层挡光层中与同一周边感光像素对应的开孔的连线相对于所述阵列倾斜，以将所述第二光信号引导至对应的周边感光像素，所述多层挡光层中与所述中心像素对应的开孔的连线相对于所述阵列垂直，以将所述第一光信号引导至所述中心像素。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述多层挡光层中与同一像素对应的开孔由上至下孔径依次减小。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述至少一层挡光层为一层挡光层，其中，所述一层挡光层中与所述周边感光像素对应的开孔为倾斜通孔，以将所述第二光信号引导至所述周边感光像素，所述一层挡光层中与所述中心像素对应 的开孔为竖直通孔，以将所述第一光信号引导至所述中心像素。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述挡光层为金属层，所述开孔为形成在金属层的通孔。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述开孔为圆柱形通孔，所述开孔的孔径大于100nm。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述超级像素还包括：透明介质层，用于连接所述微透镜、所述至少一层挡光层以及所述中心感光像素和多个周边感光像素，并填充所述开孔。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述超级像素还包括：滤波层，所述滤波层设置在所述微透镜到所述中心感光像素和所述多个周边感光像素之间的光路中，或者设置在所述微透镜上方，用于滤除非目标波段的光信号，透过目标波段的光信号。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述滤波层为形成在所述光路中任一层表面的镀膜。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述中心感光像素和所述多个周边感光像素均为互补金属氧化物半导体器件，所述互补金属氧化物半导体器件对于目标波段的光信号的光灵敏度大于第一预定阈值，且量子效率大于第二预定阈值。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述装置的曝光时间由所述中心感光像素的亮度值决定。这样，曝光时间和正常的垂直入射的情况是一样的，从而能够不影响用户的体验。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：处理单元，用于根据所述中心感光像素的亮度值补偿所述多个周边感光像素的亮度值。
第二方面，提供了一种电子设备，包括显示屏和第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的指纹检测的装置，所述装置设置于所述显示屏下方，以实现屏下光学指纹检测。
附图说明
图1A是本申请可以适用的电子设备的一种结构示意图。
图1B是图1A所示的电子设备的剖面示意图。
图2A是本申请可以适用的电子设备的另一种结构示意图。
图2B是图2A所示的电子设备的剖面示意图。
图3是本申请实施例的指纹检测的装置的示意图。
图4是本申请实施例的超级像素的示意图。
图5是本申请实施例的超级像素的结构示意图。
图6是本申请实施例的指纹检测的装置的角度分辨率的示意图。
图7是本申请实施例的指纹检测的装置的图像处理的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
应理解，本申请实施例可以应用于指纹系统，包括但不限于光学、超声波或其他指纹识别系统和基于光学、超声波或其他指纹成像的医疗诊断产品，本申请实施例仅以光学指纹系统为例进行说明，但不应对本申请实施例构成任何限定，本申请实施例同样适用于其他采用光学、超声波或其他成像技术的系统等。
作为一种常见的应用场景，本申请实施例提供的光学指纹系统可以应用在智能手机、平板电脑以及其他具有显示屏的移动终端或者其他电子设备；更具体地，在上述电子设备中，指纹模组可以具体为光学指纹模组，其可以设置在显示屏下方的局部区域或者全部区域，从而形成屏下(Under-display或Under-screen)光学指纹系统。或者，所述光学指纹模组也可以部分或者全部集成至所述电子设备的显示屏内部，从而形成屏内(In-display或In-screen)光学指纹系统。
光学屏下指纹识别技术使用从设备显示组件的顶面返回的光来进行指纹感应和其他感应操作。该返回的光携带与该顶面接触的物体(例如手指)的信息，通过采集和检测该返回的光，实现位于显示屏下方的特定光学传感器模块。光学传感器模块的设计可以为通过恰当地配置用于采集和检测返回的光的光学元件来实现期望的光学成像。
图1A至图2B示出了本申请实施例可以适用的电子设备的示意图。其中，图1A和图2A为电子设备10的定向示意图，图1B和图2B为图1A和图2A所示的电子设备10的剖面示意图。
所述电子设备10包括显示屏120和光学指纹模组130。其中，所述光学指纹模组130设置在所述显示屏120下方的局部区域。所述光学指纹模组130包括光学指纹传感器，所述光学指纹传感器包括具有多个光学感应单元131 (也可以称为感光像素、像素单元等)的感应阵列133。所述感应阵列133所在区域或者其感应区域为所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103(也称为指纹采集区域、指纹识别区域等)。如图1所示，所述指纹检测区域103位于所述显示屏120的显示区域之中。在一种替代实施例中，所述光学指纹模组130还可以设置在其他位置，比如所述显示屏120的侧面或者所述电子设备10的边缘非透光区域，并通过光路设计来将来自所述显示屏120的至少部分显示区域的光信号导引到所述光学指纹模组130，从而使得所述指纹检测区域103实际上位于所述显示屏120的显示区域。
应当理解，所述指纹检测区域103的面积可以与所述光学指纹模组130的感应阵列133的面积不同，例如通过例如透镜成像的光路设计、反射式折叠光路设计或者其他光线汇聚或者反射等光路设计，可以使得所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103的面积大于所述光学指纹模组130的感应阵列133的面积。在其他替代实现方式中，如果采用例如光线准直方式进行光路引导，所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103也可以设计成与所述光学指纹模组130的感应阵列的面积基本一致。
因此，使用者在需要对所述电子设备10进行解锁或者其他指纹验证的时候，只需要将手指按压在位于所述显示屏120的指纹检测区域103，便可以实现指纹输入。由于指纹检测可以在屏内实现，因此采用上述结构的电子设备10无需其正面专门预留空间来设置指纹按键(比如Home键)，从而可以采用全面屏方案，即所述显示屏120的显示区域可以基本扩展到整个电子设备10的正面。
作为一种可选的实现方式，如图1B所示，所述光学指纹模组130包括光检测部分134和光学组件132。所述光检测部分134包括所述感应阵列133以及与所述感应阵列133电性连接的读取电路及其他辅助电路，其可以在通过半导体工艺制作在一个芯片(Die)上，比如光学成像芯片或者光学指纹传感器。所述感应阵列133具体为光探测器(Photo detector)阵列，其包括多个呈阵列式分布的光探测器，所述光探测器可以作为如上所述的光学感应单元。所述光学组件132可以设置在所述光检测部分134的感应阵列133的上方，其可以具体包括滤光层(Filter)、导光层或光路引导结构、以及其他光学元件，所述滤光层可以用于滤除穿透手指的环境光，而所述导光层或光路引导结构主要用于从手指表面反射回来的反射光导引至所述感应阵列133 进行光学检测。
在具体实现上，所述光学组件132可以与所述光检测部分134封装在同一个光学指纹部件。比如，所述光学组件132可以与所述光学检测部分134封装在同一个光学指纹芯片，也可以将所述光学组件132设置在所述光检测部分134所在的芯片外部，比如将所述光学组件132贴合在所述芯片上方，或者将所述光学组件132的部分元件集成在上述芯片之中。
其中，所述光学组件132的导光层或者光路引导结构有多种实现方案，比如，所述导光层可以具体为在半导体硅片制作而成的准直器(Collimator)层，其具有多个准直单元或者微孔阵列，所述准直单元可以具体为小孔，从手指反射回来的反射光中，垂直入射到所述准直单元的光线可以穿过并被其下方的光学感应单元接收，而入射角度过大的光线在所述准直单元内部经过多次反射被衰减掉，因此每一个光学感应单元基本只能接收到其正上方的指纹纹路反射回来的反射光，从而所述感应阵列133便可以检测出手指的指纹图像。
在另一种实现方式中，所述导光层或者光路引导结构也可以为光学透镜(Lens)层，其具有一个或多个透镜单元，比如一个或多个非球面透镜组成的透镜组，其用于将从手指反射回来的反射光汇聚到其下方的光检测部分134的感应阵列133，以使得所述感应阵列133可以基于所述反射光进行成像，从而得到所述手指的指纹图像。可选地，所述光学透镜层在所述透镜单元的光路中还可以形成有针孔，所述针孔可以配合所述光学透镜层扩大所述光学指纹模组130的视场，以提高所述光学指纹模组130的指纹成像效果。
在其他实现方式中，所述导光层或者光路引导结构也可以具体采用微透镜(Micro-Lens)层，所述微透镜层具有由多个微透镜形成的微透镜阵列，其可以通过半导体生长工艺或者其他工艺形成在所述光检测部分134的感应阵列133上方，并且每一个微透镜可以分别对应于所述感应阵列133的其中一个感应单元。并且，所述微透镜层和所述感应单元之间还可以形成其他光学膜层，比如介质层或者钝化层。更具体地，所述微透镜层和所述感应单元之间还可以包括具有微孔(或称为开孔)的挡光层(或称为遮光层、阻光层等)，其中所述微孔形成在其对应的微透镜和感应单元之间，所述挡光层可以阻挡相邻微透镜和感应单元之间的光学干扰，并使得所述感应单元所对应的光线通过所述微透镜汇聚到所述微孔内部并经由所述微孔传输到所述感 应单元以进行光学指纹成像。
应当理解，上述导光层或者光路引导结构的几种实现方案可以单独使用也可以结合使用。比如，可以在所述准直器层或者所述光学透镜层的上方或下方进一步设置微透镜层。当然，在所述准直器层或者所述光学透镜层与所述微透镜层结合使用时，其具体叠层结构或者光路可能需要按照实际需要进行调整。
作为一种可选的实现方式，所述显示屏120可以采用具有自发光显示单元的显示屏，比如有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)显示屏或者微型发光二极管(Micro-LED)显示屏。以采用OLED显示屏为例，所述光学指纹模组130可以利用所述OLED显示屏120位于所述指纹检测区域103的显示单元(即OLED光源)作为光学指纹检测的激励光源。当手指140按压在所述指纹检测区域103时，显示屏120向所述指纹检测区域103上方的目标手指140发出一束光111，该光111在手指140的表面发生反射形成反射光或者经过所述手指140内部散射而形成散射光(透射光)。在相关专利申请中，为便于描述，上述反射光和散射光统称为反射光。由于指纹的脊(ridge)141与谷(valley)142对于光的反射能力不同，因此，来自指纹脊的反射光151和来自指纹谷的反射光152具有不同的光强，反射光经过光学组件132后，被光学指纹模组130中的感应阵列133所接收并转换为相应的电信号，即指纹检测信号；基于所述指纹检测信号便可以获得指纹图像数据，并且可以进一步进行指纹匹配验证，从而在电子设备10实现光学指纹识别功能。
在其他实现方式中，所述光学指纹模组130也可以采用内置光源或者外置光源来提供用于进行指纹检测的光信号。在这种情况下，所述光学指纹模组130可以适用于非自发光显示屏，比如液晶显示屏或者其他的被动发光显示屏。以应用在具有背光模组和液晶面板的液晶显示屏为例，为支持液晶显示屏的屏下指纹检测，所述电子设备10的光学指纹系统还可以包括用于光学指纹检测的激励光源，所述激励光源可以具体为红外光源或者特定波长非可见光的光源，其可以设置在所述液晶显示屏的背光模组下方或者设置在所述电子设备10的保护盖板下方的边缘区域，而所述光学指纹模组130可以设置液晶面板或者保护盖板的边缘区域下方并通过光路引导以使得指纹检测光可以到达所述光学指纹模组130；或者，所述光学指纹模组130也可以 设置在所述背光模组下方，且所述背光模组通过对扩散片、增亮片、反射片等膜层进行开孔或者其他光学设计以允许指纹检测光穿过液晶面板和背光模组并到达所述光学指纹模组130。当采用所述光学指纹模组130采用内置光源或者外置光源来提供用于进行指纹检测的光信号时，其检测原理与上面描述内容是一致的。
应当理解的是，在具体实现上，所述电子设备10还包括透明保护盖板，所述盖板可以为玻璃盖板或者蓝宝石盖板，其位于所述显示屏120的上方并覆盖所述电子设备10的正面。因此，本申请实施例中，所谓的手指按压在所述显示屏120实际上是指按压在所述显示屏120上方的盖板或者覆盖所述盖板的保护层表面。
另一方面，在某些实现方式中，所述光学指纹模组130可以仅包括一个光学指纹传感器，此时光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103的面积较小且位置固定，因此用户在进行指纹输入时需要将手指按压到所述指纹检测区域103的特定位置，否则光学指纹模组130可能无法采集到指纹图像而造成用户体验不佳。在其他替代实施例中，所述光学指纹模组130可以具体包括多个光学指纹传感器。所述多个光学指纹传感器可以通过拼接方式并排设置在所述显示屏120的下方，且所述多个光学指纹传感器的感应区域共同构成所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103。从而所述光学指纹模组130的指纹检测区域103可以扩展到所述显示屏的下半部分的主要区域，即扩展到手指惯常按压区域，从而实现盲按式指纹输入操作。进一步地，当所述光学指纹传感器数量足够时，所述指纹检测区域103还可以扩展到半个显示区域甚至整个显示区域，从而实现半屏或者全屏指纹检测。
例如图2A和图2B所示的电子设备10，所述电子设备10中的光学指纹装置130包括多个光学指纹传感器时，所述多个光学指纹传感器可以通过例如拼接等方式并排设置在所述显示屏120的下方，且所述多个光学指纹传感器的感应区域共同构成所述光学指纹装置130的指纹检测区域103。
可选地，与所述光学指纹模组130的多个光学指纹传感器相对应，所述光学组件132中可以有多个光路引导结构，每个光路引导结构分别对应一个光学指纹传感器，并分别贴合设置在其对应的光学指纹传感器的上方。或者，所述多个光学指纹传感器也可以共享一个整体的光路引导结构，即所述光路引导结构具有一个足够大的面积以覆盖所述多个光学指纹传感器的感应阵 列。另外，所述光学组件132还可以包括其他光学元件，比如滤光层(Filter)或其他光学膜片，其可以设置在所述光路引导结构和所述光学指纹传感器之间或者设置在所述显示屏120与所述光路引导结构之间，主要用于隔离外界干扰光对光学指纹检测的影响。其中，所述滤光片可以用于滤除穿透手指并经过所述显示屏120进入所述光学指纹传感器的环境光，与所述光路引导结构相类似，所述滤光片可以针对每个光学指纹传感器分别设置以滤除干扰光，或者也可以采用一个大面积的滤光片同时覆盖所述多个光学指纹传感器。
所述光路调制器也可以采用光学镜头(Lens)来代替，所述光学镜头上方可以通过遮光材料形成小孔配合所述光学镜头将指纹检测光汇聚到下方的光学指纹传感器以实现指纹成像。相类似地，每一个光学指纹传感器可以分别配置一个光学镜头以进行指纹成像，或者，所述多个光学指纹传感器也可以利用同一个光学镜头来实现光线汇聚和指纹成像。在其他替代实施例中，每一个光学指纹传感器甚至还可以具有两个感应阵列(Dual Array)或者多个感应阵列(Multi-Array)，且同时配置两个或多个光学镜头配合所述两个或多个感应阵列进行光学成像，从而减小成像距离并增强成像效果。
以上所示的指纹传感器的数量、尺寸和排布情况仅为示例，可以根据实际需求进行调整。例如，该多个指纹传感器的个数可以为2个，3个，4个或5个等，该多个指纹传感器可以呈方形或圆形分布等。
本申请实施例可以应用于各类手指的检测，尤其能够适用于干手指的检测。所谓的干手指，指的是比较干燥的手指或者较为干净的手指。目前的指纹识别的方案对干手指的指纹识别效果欠佳，而本申请实施例提供的指纹识别的方案能够提升对干手指的指纹识别性能。
本申请实施例的指纹检测的装置适用于显示屏下方以实现屏下光学指纹检测。图3示出了本申请实施例的指纹检测的装置30的示意图。如图3所示，所述装置30包括超级像素300的阵列。
可选地，所述阵列的每行或每列的超级像素的数量不小于10。
应理解，所述阵列中超级像素的数量可以根据指纹检测区域的大小、图像分辨率的要求等因素而设定，本申请实施例对具体的数量并不限定。图3中示出的超级像素300的数量不应理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
如图4和图5所示，所述超级像素300包括：中心感光像素311和多个周边感光像素312。所述多个周边感光像素312包围所述中心感光像素311。
可选地，所述多个周边感光像素312为六个周边感光像素312，即，一个超级像素300中包括一个中心感光像素311和六个周边感光像素312。在这种情况下，所述中心感光像素311和所述六个周边感光像素312均为六边形像素，以实现六边形像素的密堆积排列。
可选地，所述六边形像素的边长的范围为2um-25um。
六边形像素的结构排布，具有更高的对称性，更高的采样效率，相邻像素等距，更好的角度分辨率，更少的混迭效应。
如图6所示，对于弧形的物体，六边形像素的结构排布能够更好地成像，具有更好的角度分辨率。
由于指纹纹理多为弧形，因此，六边形像素的结构排布能够更好地对指纹进行成像，进而提高指纹识别的性能。
应理解，中心感光像素311和周边感光像素312的形状也可以为其他形状，例如其他多边形或圆形等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
如图5所示，所示超级像素300还包括：微透镜320和至少一层挡光层330。
微透镜320覆盖所述中心感光像素311和所述多个周边感光像素312。也就说，一个超级像素300中的所有感光像素，即中心感光像素311和所有周边感光像素312对应一个微透镜320。
所述微透镜320可以是各种具有会聚功能的镜头，用于增大视场，增加传输至感光像素的光信号量。所述微透镜的材料可以为有机材料，例如树脂。
至少一层挡光层330设置于所述微透镜320与所述中心感光像素311和所述多个周边感光像素312之间，所述至少一层挡光层330中每层挡光层330中设置有对应于所述中心感光像素311和所述多个周边感光像素312中每一个感光像素的开孔331。
从显示屏上方的手指返回的第一光信号341经所述微透镜320和与所述中心感光像素311对应的开孔传输至所述中心感光像素311，从所述手指返回的第二光信号342经所述微透镜320和与所述周边感光像素312对应的开孔传输至所述周边感光像素312。所述第一光信号341为相对于所述阵列垂直入射的光信号。所述第二光信号342为相对于所述阵列倾斜且朝向所述超级像素300的中心入射的光信号。
相应地，所述中心感光像素311用于接收所述第一光信号341，所述周 边感光像素312用于接收所述第二光信号342，以获取所述手指的指纹信息。
感光像素(中心感光像素311或周边感光像素312)检测的光信号可以用于形成采集图像的一个像素。
感光像素可以为光电传感器，用于将光信号转换为电信号。可选地，感光像素可以采用互补金属氧化物半导体(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，CMOS)器件，由一个PN结组成的半导体器件，具有单方向导电特性。可选地，感光像素对于蓝光、绿光、红光或红外光的光灵敏度大于第一预定阈值，量子效率大于第二预定阈值。例如，该第一预定阈值可以为0.5v/lux-sec，该第二预定阈值可以为40％。也就是说，感光像素对于蓝光(波长为460±30nm)、绿光(波长为540±30nm)、红光或红外光(波长≥610nm)具有较高的光灵敏度和较高的量子效率，以便于检测相应的光。
应理解，感光像素的上述参数可以对应于指纹检测所需的光，例如，若指纹检测所需的光仅为一种波段的光，则感光像素的上述参数仅需要满足该波段的光的要求即可。
在本申请实施例中，周边感光像素312接收的第二光信号342为倾斜入射的光信号。通过倾斜入射的光信号可以获得更大面积的指纹峰谷投影，这样可以得到更连续的指纹。对于干手指的情况，即便干手指和显示屏的接触面积非常小，也可以通过从手指透射出的光信号中的倾斜光获取到连续的指纹，进而提升了干手指的识别效果。
在手指和显示屏接触的区域，可以通过接触界面反射的光信号获取指纹(正色指纹)，在手指和显示屏未接触的区域，可以通过从手指透射出的光信号获取指纹(反色指纹)。对于垂直方向的光信号，正色反色过渡带成像容易糊掉。而采用本申请实施例中的这种超级像素结构，只有中心一个像素点糊掉的概率大些，其余都不容易糊掉，这样中心的即使糊掉也可以通过边上的像素点采用算法往中间做补偿，实时校准。
因此，本申请实施例的技术方案，采用包括中心感光像素和多个周边感光像素的超级像素，通过中心感光像素接收相对于阵列垂直入射的光信号，周边感光像素接收相对于阵列倾斜入射的光信号，能够提升指纹识别的性能。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述第二光信号342相对于所述阵列的入射角可以处于30-40度的范围内。
可选地，作为本申请的一个实施例，所述第二光信号342相对于所述阵 列的入射角为35度。也就是说，所述第二光信号342倾斜35度。
应理解，所述第二光信号342的入射角也可以为其他特定角度，该特定角度可以根据具体的识别需求或识别效果而设定，例如，该入射角可以处于更大的25-45度的范围内，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
可选地，所述多个周边感光像素312对应的第二光信号的入射方向以所述超级像素的中心对称分布。如图5所示，多个周边感光像素312对应的第二光信号都朝向所述超级像素300的中心倾斜入射，它们的入射方向呈对称分布。
在本申请实施例中，通过挡光层中的开孔实现对光信号的引导。挡光层可以设置一层或多层。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述至少一层挡光层330为多层挡光层，其中，所述多层挡光层中与同一周边感光像素对应的开孔的连线相对于所述阵列倾斜，以将所述第二光信号引导至对应的周边感光像素，所述多层挡光层中与所述中心像素对应的开孔的连线相对于所述阵列垂直，以将所述第一光信号引导至所述中心像素。
例如，如图5所示，采用多层挡光层时，对于中心感光像素311，多层挡光层中相应的开孔竖直设置，从而能够使得中心感光像素311接收到垂直入射的光信号，而阻挡其他入射方向的光信号；对于周边感光像素312，多层挡光层中相应的开孔倾斜设置，从而能够使得周边感光像素312接收到倾斜入射的光信号，而阻挡其他入射方向的光信号。
应理解，对应于周边感光像素312的开孔倾斜设置的角度可以根据第二光信号342的光路而设定，以确保第二光信号342传输至相应的周边感光像素312。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述多层挡光层330中与同一像素对应的开孔由上至下孔径依次减小。
例如，如图5所示，上方的挡光层中的开孔孔径设置的大于下方的挡光层中的开孔孔径，这样可以引导较多(一定的角度范围)的光信号至相应的感光像素。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述至少一层挡光层330为一层挡光层，其中，所述一层挡光层中与所述周边感光像素对应的开孔为倾斜通孔，以将所述第二光信号引导至所述周边感光像素，所述一层挡光层中与所述中 心像素对应的开孔为竖直通孔，以将所述第一光信号引导至所述中心像素。
采用一层挡光层时，对于中心感光像素311，相应的开孔为竖直通孔，从而能够使得中心感光像素311接收到垂直入射的光信号，而阻挡其他入射方向的光信号；对于周边感光像素312，相应的开孔为倾斜通孔，从而能够使得周边感光像素312接收到倾斜入射的光信号，而阻挡其他入射方向的光信号。
应理解，对应于周边感光像素312的开孔的倾斜角度可以根据第二光信号342的光路而设定，以确保第二光信号342传输至相应的周边感光像素312。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述挡光层330对特定波段(比如可见光或者610nm以上波段)的光的透过率小于20％，以避免相应的光通过。例如，所述挡光层330可以为金属层，相应地，所述开孔331为形成在金属层的通孔。
可选地，所述开孔331为圆柱形通孔。在本申请一个实施例中，所述开孔331的孔径大于100nm，以便于透过所需的光以进行成像。所述开孔331的孔径也要小于预定值，以确保所述挡光层330能够阻挡不需要的光。也就是说，所述开孔331的参数设置尽可能使得成像所需的光信号最大化地传输至感光像素，而不需要的光被最大化地阻挡。例如，对应于中心感光像素311，所述开孔331的参数可以设置为使得垂直入射的光信号最大化的传输至所述中心感光像素311，而最大化阻挡其他光信号；对应于周边感光像素312，所述开孔331的参数可以设置为使得以特定角度(例如35度)倾斜入射的光信号最大化的传输至所述周边感光像素312，而最大化阻挡其他光信号。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，在微透镜320、挡光层330以及感光像素之间还设置有透明介质层。
透明介质层用于连接所述微透镜320、所述至少一层挡光层330以及所述中心感光像素311和多个周边感光像素312，并填充所述开孔331。
透明介质层可透过目标波段的光信号(即指纹检测所需波段的光信号)。例如，透明介质层可采用氧化物或氮化物等。
可选地，透明介质层可以包括多层，以分别实现保护、过渡和缓冲等功能。
例如，在无机层和有机层之间可以设置过渡层，以实现紧密的连接；在易氧化的层上可以设置保护层，以实现保护。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述超级像素300还可以包括：滤波层。所述滤波层设置在所述微透镜320到所述中心感光像素311和所述多个周边感光像素312之间的光路中，或者设置在所述微透镜320上方，用于滤除非目标波段的光信号，透过目标波段的光信号。
可选地，滤波层对目标波段的光的透过率≥80％，对非目标波段的光的截止率≥80％。
可选地，所述滤波层可以为独立形成的滤波层。例如，所述滤波层可以是采用蓝水晶或者蓝玻璃做载体形成的滤波层。
可选地，所述滤波层可以为形成在所述光路中任一层表面的镀膜。例如，可以在感光像素表面、透明介质层中任一层的表面或微透镜的下表面等镀膜，形成滤波层。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述装置30还可以包括：介质和金属层，其中可包括感光像素的连接电路。
介质和金属层可以设置于感光像素的上方，这种方式为前照式(Front Side illumination，FSI)。
介质和金属层也可以设置于感光像素的下方，这种方式为背照式(Back Side illumination，BSI)。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述装置30的曝光时间由所述中心感光像素311的亮度值决定。
具体而言，倾斜入射的光信号的光路较垂直入射的光信号的光路要长，损耗路径增加，进而影响到达感光像素的信号量，会增加曝光时间。曝光时间直接关系到用户体验。因此，在本申请实施例中，对于中心感光像素，保留垂直入射，在一个超级像素里，中心感光像素的亮度值能够最先饱和，以中心感光像素的亮度值决定曝光时间，即，中心感光像素的亮度值饱和时停止曝光。这样，曝光时间和正常的垂直入射的情况是一样的，从而能够不影响用户的体验。
另外，倾斜入射的光信号主要是用于采集指纹峰和谷的数据，主要关注的是峰-谷差值的大小，差值越大对比度越高，越容易找到特征点，进而进行指纹识别；而对于像素感光后的转换数值的绝对大小并不特别看重。因此，采用上述的曝光时间既能采集到所需要的数据，又能保证用户体验。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述装置30还可以包括：处理单元。
处理单元用于根据所述中心感光像素311的亮度值补偿所述多个周边感光像素312的亮度值。
具体而言，处理单元可以对感光像素采集到的数据进行处理，以便于进行指纹识别。如图7所示，由于入射光信号的不同，中心感光像素311的亮度值要高于个周边感光像素312的亮度值。在这种情况下，处理单元可以根据一个超级像素中中心感光像素311的亮度值补偿周边感光像素312的亮度值，以整体获得亮度饱和。
应理解，为了方便观察，图7中采用了隔列曝光的方式，这不应理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
应理解，所述装置30还可以包括用于支撑所述装置30的支撑结构件等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括显示屏以及上述本申请实施例的指纹检测的装置，其中，所述指纹检测的装置设置于所述显示屏下方，以实现屏下光学指纹检测。
该电子设备可以为任何具有显示屏的电子设备。
显示屏可以采用以上描述中的显示屏，例如OLED显示屏或其他显示屏，显示屏的相关说明可以参考以上描述中关于显示屏的描述，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
应理解，本申请实施例中的具体的例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例，而非限制本申请实施例的范围。
应理解，在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请实施例。例如，在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“上述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本申请实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种指纹检测的装置，其特征在于，适用于显示屏下方以实现屏下光学指纹检测，所述装置包括超级像素的阵列，其中，所述超级像素包括：
    中心感光像素和多个周边感光像素，其中，所述多个周边感光像素包围所述中心感光像素；
    微透镜，覆盖所述中心感光像素和所述多个周边感光像素；
    至少一层挡光层，设置于所述微透镜与所述中心感光像素和所述多个周边感光像素之间，所述至少一层挡光层中每层挡光层中设置有对应于所述中心感光像素和所述多个周边感光像素中每一个感光像素的开孔；
    其中，从所述显示屏上方的手指返回的第一光信号经所述微透镜和与所述中心感光像素对应的开孔传输至所述中心感光像素，从所述手指返回的第二光信号经所述微透镜和与所述周边感光像素对应的开孔传输至所述周边感光像素，所述第一光信号为相对于所述阵列垂直入射的光信号，所述第二光信号为相对于所述阵列倾斜且朝向所述超级像素的中心入射的光信号；
    所述中心感光像素用于接收所述第一光信号，所述周边感光像素用于接收所述第二光信号，以获取所述手指的指纹信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二光信号相对于所述阵列的入射角处于30-40度的范围内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二光信号相对于所述阵列的入射角为35度。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述多个周边感光像素对应的第二光信号的入射方向以所述超级像素的中心对称分布。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述多个周边感光像素为六个周边感光像素，所述中心感光像素和所述六个周边感光像素均为六边形像素。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述六边形像素的边长的范围为2um-25um。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述阵列的每行或每列的超级像素的数量不小于10。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述至少 一层挡光层为多层挡光层，其中，所述多层挡光层中与同一周边感光像素对应的开孔的连线相对于所述阵列倾斜，以将所述第二光信号引导至对应的周边感光像素，所述多层挡光层中与所述中心像素对应的开孔的连线相对于所述阵列垂直，以将所述第一光信号引导至所述中心像素。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，所述多层挡光层中与同一像素对应的开孔由上至下孔径依次减小。
  10. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述至少一层挡光层为一层挡光层，其中，所述一层挡光层中与所述周边感光像素对应的开孔为倾斜通孔，以将所述第二光信号引导至所述周边感光像素，所述一层挡光层中与所述中心像素对应的开孔为竖直通孔，以将所述第一光信号引导至所述中心像素。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述挡光层为金属层，所述开孔为形成在金属层的通孔。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述开孔为圆柱形通孔，所述开孔的孔径大于100nm。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述超级像素还包括：
    透明介质层，用于连接所述微透镜、所述至少一层挡光层以及所述中心感光像素和多个周边感光像素，并填充所述开孔。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述超级像素还包括：
    滤波层，所述滤波层设置在所述微透镜到所述中心感光像素和所述多个周边感光像素之间的光路中，或者设置在所述微透镜上方，用于滤除非目标波段的光信号，透过目标波段的光信号。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述滤波层为形成在所述光路中任一层表面的镀膜。
  16. 根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述中心感光像素和所述多个周边感光像素均为互补金属氧化物半导体器件，所述互补金属氧化物半导体器件对于目标波段的光信号的光灵敏度大于第一预定阈值，且量子效率大于第二预定阈值。
  17. 根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装 置的曝光时间由所述中心感光像素的亮度值决定。
  18. 根据权利要求1至17中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    处理单元，用于根据所述中心感光像素的亮度值补偿所述多个周边感光像素的亮度值。
  19. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括显示屏和根据权利要求1至18中任一项所述的指纹检测的装置，所述装置设置于所述显示屏下方，以实现屏下光学指纹检测。
PCT/CN2019/095780 2019-07-12 2019-07-12 指纹检测的装置和电子设备 Ceased WO2021007700A1 (zh)

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