WO2021032294A1 - Procédé informatique et appareil de positionnement de capteur pour détection de fuite dans un réseau de distribution d'eau - Google Patents

Procédé informatique et appareil de positionnement de capteur pour détection de fuite dans un réseau de distribution d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021032294A1
WO2021032294A1 PCT/EP2019/072346 EP2019072346W WO2021032294A1 WO 2021032294 A1 WO2021032294 A1 WO 2021032294A1 EP 2019072346 W EP2019072346 W EP 2019072346W WO 2021032294 A1 WO2021032294 A1 WO 2021032294A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
computer
water network
leak detection
modelled
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/072346
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English (en)
Inventor
Roland Rosen
Annelie Sohr
Jan Christoph Wehrstedt
Ming Yu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
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Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority to PCT/EP2019/072346 priority Critical patent/WO2021032294A1/fr
Publication of WO2021032294A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021032294A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
    • G01M3/28—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds
    • G01M3/2807—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves ; for welds for pipes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/18—Network design, e.g. design based on topological or interconnect aspects of utility systems, piping, heating ventilation air conditioning [HVAC] or cabling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
    • G06F2113/14—Pipes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a computer-implemented me thod, an apparatus and a computer program product for sensor positioning for leak detection in a water network.
  • Drinking water is one of the most important commodities. Considerable water losses due to leakage can occur in water distribution networks. Water losses can have a significant percentage even in developed countries. Therefore, it is a major challenge to detect leaks for avoiding and reducing wa ter losses. Efficient leakage detection requires sensors, e.g. flow meters, placed at favorable positions. For the sen sor placement, topological as well as hydraulic consideration need to be considered in order to install sensors at relevant positions in the network. More sensors at relevant positions increase the quality of the leakage detection, however, it is for example desired to avoid redundancies without decreasing the detection quality.
  • sensors e.g. flow meters
  • the invention provides according to the first aspect a compu ter-implemented method for leak detection in a water network, comprising the steps:
  • sensor sensitivities to said leak are determined, these sensor sensitivities are sor ted and respective modified sensor sensitivities are genera ted based on the respective sorting index, and,
  • a total sensor sen sitivity is calculated by combining the respective modified sensor sensitivities
  • a computer program pro duct may be provided.
  • the inventive method may be implemented by means of one or more processors.
  • the method advantageously enables well-distributed po sitioning of leak detection sensors avoiding redundancies. Therefore, an improved leakage detection can be achieved.
  • the optimized position for at least one sensor e.g. a flow meter, is determined such that said sensor enab les leak detection of multiple leaks distributed over the wa ter network.
  • a ranking list for the respective modelled leak detection sensors can be exported, wherein the ranking is based on the respective total sensor sensitivities, and wherein the ranking list can comprise the corresponding sensor positions.
  • the ranking list can comprise the corresponding sensor positions.
  • real sensors can be placed at corresponding favorable positions and/or previously placed real sensors can be re placed or removed. Therefore, the ranking based on total sen sor sensitivities enables optimized and efficient sensor placement in a water network.
  • a sensitivity threshold can be applied to the total sensor sensitivities listed in the ranking list and at least one leak detection sensor can be selected from the ranking list based on the sensitivity threshold, and the sensor position of the selected leak de tection sensor can be provided by means of a user-interface for sensor positioning in the water network.
  • the ranking list can be sorted in a decreasing or der and a sensitivity threshold is applied to select that at least one sensor which is sensitive enough to detect at least one leak of a specific size.
  • the sensitivity threshold is therefore preferably defined based on the size of the at least one leak which shall be detected.
  • those sensors can be selected which are able to detect leaks of a defined size, resulting preferably in well-distributed sensor positi ons.
  • the at least one se lected leak detection sensor can be removed from the ranking list and the ranking list can be updated by recalculating the total sensor sensitivities.
  • the ranking can be up dated such that the next most sensitive sensor can be deter mined and positioned.
  • all leaks having a size above the sensitivity threshold and which may therefore be detected by the previously selected sensors are removed from the simulation and/or not further considered. This process can be reiterated until enough modelled sensors are deter mined to detect the modelled leaks.
  • the hydraulic model may be based on a load model for the water network, wherein the load model may comprise inflow and outflow rates of the water net work.
  • the load model for the water network can comprise information about inflows and outflows, wherein outflows comprise throug hput and consumption.
  • the inflow and outflow rates can be de prised from flow measurements and/or estimated from annual flow quantities.
  • the load model may be ge nerated comprising the steps:
  • the load model can be generated as described in order to determine flow rates as input for the hydraulic simulation.
  • the hydraulic model can be a steady state hydraulic model.
  • the hydraulic model may be simplified compared to the real water network by modelling multiple pipes as single pipes and/or removing single taps and/or projecting a consumer load into a neighboring node.
  • the water network model can be computer-readable and generated based on measured wa ter network data and for at least a closed subnet of the wa ter network.
  • a real leak detection sen sor can be positioned in a water network based on the ex ported position of the selected modelled leak detection sen sor.
  • the real leak detection sensor is positioned at or close to the exported position.
  • the invention provides an appa ratus comprising a digital computer, configured to perform the computer-implemented method according to the invention.
  • the apparatus com prises a user-interface which is configured to provide the ranking list of the modelled leak detection sensors for sen sor positioning in the water network.
  • the invention further comprises a computer program product directly loadable into the internal memory of a digital com puter, comprising software code portions for performing the steps of the said method when said product is run on a compu ter.
  • a computer program product such as a computer program means, may be embodied as a memory card, USB stick, CD-ROM, DVD or as a file which may be downloaded from a server.
  • a file may be provided by transferring the file compri sing the computer program product from a wireless communica tion network.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first flow chart including method steps in volved in an embodiment of a method for sensor po sitioning for leak detection in a water network ac cording to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a second flow chart including method steps involved in an embodiment of a method for sensor positioning for leak detection in a water network according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for sensor positioning for leak detection in a water network according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a flow chart including method steps involved in an embodiment of a method for sensor positioning for leak detection in a water network according to the invention.
  • the first step 10 involves receiving a hydraulic model for the water network.
  • the hydraulic model is based on a water network model, wherein the water network model comprises mo delled pipes and nodes of the real water network.
  • the water network model is computer-readable and generated based on measured water network data such as topology infor mation.
  • the water network model and therefore the hydraulic model comprises information for at least a subnet of the real water network, wherein the subnet can be defined by calculable inflow and outflow shares for a closed net of pipes.
  • the advantage of modelling merely a closed subnet of the real water network lies in predictability of flows resul ting in a higher leak detection accuracy.
  • the hydraulic model is preferably provided as a computer- readable data structure comprising parameters which specify the hydraulic properties of the modelled part of the water network.
  • the hydraulic model is based on a load model specifying the inflow and outflow rates of the real wa ter network.
  • the next step 20 involves performing a hydraulic simulation for the water network based on the hydraulic model.
  • the hydraulic simulation is executed at least twice, wherein firstly the hydraulic simulation is executed without introducing leaks and secondly at least one leak is simula ted.
  • Leaks are preferably modelled at position of nodes, e.g., consumer nodes.
  • the size or strength of a leak is pre ferably determined by a defined consumption.
  • leak detection sensors e.g. flow meters, can be positioned at positions of pipes. Therefore, by determining the effect of a leak on the flow through a pipe, the required sensor sensitivity of a sensor placed at the position of that pipe can be determined.
  • the effect of a leak on a pipe results in a difference of water flow through the pipe. Based on said difference in water flow, a required sensitivity of a potential sensor placed at the position of said pipe can be deduced.
  • the next step 30 involves the analysis of the hydraulic simu lation. Based on the hydraulic simulation, total sensor sen sitivities to modelled leaks are determined. For example, a comparison of the executed simulation without modelled leaks to the executed simulation comprising modelled leaks, the effect of leaks on the water flows through pipes can be eva luated. The quotient, difference quotient or difference of such a flow through a pipe shows the effect of a leak on said pipe and can be considered for example as the potential sen sitivity of a sensor to said leak.
  • the quotient, difference quotient or difference in water flow due to at least one leak on a respective pipe can be determined yielding a potential sensor sensitivity for a sensor placed at the position of that pipe.
  • a number of potential leaks are modelled and in cluded in the hydraulic simulation.
  • sensor sensitivities for a number of pipes to the respective leak are determine.
  • the determined sensor sensitivities are sorted for example in a decreasing order and multiplied with their respective sorting index, ge nerating modified sensor sensitivities.
  • the modified sensor sensitivities result from weighted sensor sensitivi ties.
  • the weighting of the sensor sensitivity is based on the sorting index.
  • a total sen sor sensitivity is subsequently calculated by combining, e.g. multiplying, the respective modified sensor sensitivities for that sensors.
  • the total sensor sensitivities for all modelled sensors are provided and at least one modelled leak detection sensor is selected based on its respective total sensor sensitivity.
  • a ranking list of the total sensitivities is generated, step 50, and the most sensitive sensor is selected from that ranking list based on a predefi ned sensitivity threshold, step 60.
  • the position of that sel ected sensor can further be provided, step 70, for sensor po sitioning in the real water network.
  • the sensor position can for example be provided by means of a user-interface such that a real leak detection sensor with a corresponding sensi tivity can be positioned in the real water network, step 80.
  • the entry of the selected sensor is removed from the ranking list and the ranking list is updated, step 90, by repeating the steps 30 to 70, wherein preferably only remaining leaks which fall below the sensitivity threshold are modelled and sensor sensitivities are determined only for these remaining sensors.
  • all leaks having a size above the sensitivity threshold, and which may therefore be considered to be detected by the selected sensors are remo- ved from the simulation and/or not further considered when updating the ranking list.
  • Figure 2 shows a second flow chart including method steps in volved in an embodiment of a method for sensor positioning for leak detection in a water network according to the inven tion.
  • a computer-readable water network model WNM is provi ded.
  • the water network model WNM preferable represents the real water network or at least a subnet of the real water network.
  • the water network model WNM is preferably simplified with respect to the real water network, wherein for example pipes without intersections are modelled as one pipe and/or single tap offs are removed. Consumers and leaks can be mo delled in nodes.
  • the load model LM can be generated based on measured and e- stimated annual flow quantities.
  • the load model LM can be generated comprising the following steps. Firstly, based on measured annual flow quantities of the inflows of the water network the distribu tion, i.e. a percentage value, of the water inflow is calcu lated. The percentage value is used as the mean value for a normal distribution of the inflow distribution. The according standard deviation can be decided depending on specific net work situations, e.g. such that 1 sigma results to 5 percen tage points. This formulates the distribution to calculate the split of water inflow. If measured annual values are not available, a typical actual distribution can be used as a re placement for the mean value.
  • the actual water outflow rate for each node is calculated in e.g. liter per second (1/s). This value is used in a further normal distri bution, with the actual water outflow rate as a mean value.
  • the standard deviation can be set depending of specific net work situations, e.g. such that 1 sigma results to 5% of the actual value. This setup formulates the distribution to cal culate the water consumption.
  • the inflow rates are computed in liter/second by using the percentage values of the inflow and the total sum of all con sumption values.
  • a steady state hydraulic model HM is generated, and as hydrau lic simulation HS is executed based on the hydraulic model HM.
  • at least two hydraulic simulations are set up and executed, wherein one comprises modelled leaks and the other is modelled without leaks in order to determine water flow difference in the pipes due to a leak.
  • the different flow through a pipe due to a leak somewhere in the water network specifies the required sensitivity of a leak detection sensor at the position of that pipe for detec ting that leak. Therefore, in order to determine a sensor sensitivity, the flow difference is determined based on the hydraulic simulation.
  • S2, ..., SN for respective sensors positioned at the position of a pipe are determined. For example, a larger effect, i.e. flow difference, is expected for pipes close to a leak than for pipes farther away, resulting in higher sensor sensitivi ties for sensors placed closer to the leak.
  • the resulting sensor sensitivities SI, S2, ..., SN for the respective leak LI are sorted in a decreasing order and subsequently weighted, e.g., multiplied, by the respective sorting index, generating modified sensor sensitivities mSl, mS2, ..., mSN.
  • a correspon ding procedure is performed for the other modelled leaks L2, L3, ..., LN.
  • the resulting modified sensor sensitivities mSl, mS2, ..., mSN are combined to total sensor sensitivities TS1, TS2, ..., TN for each respective sensor.
  • the total sensor sensitivity therefore specifies the required sensitivity of a respective sensor to detect modelled leaks of a specific size.
  • a ranking list RL is generated comprising the total sensor sensitivities TS1, TS2, ..., TN and respective positions of the sensors, i.e. the position of the respective evaluated pipe.
  • the ranking list RL can for example be ordered in de creasing order based on the total sensor sensitivity values.
  • a real sensor can be placed at the position cor responding to the highest total sensitivity of a modelled sensor.
  • the ranking list RL can preferably be recalculated when at least one sensor is selected from the list based on a sensi tivity threshold.
  • the recalculation of the list comprises de termining the sensor sensitivities by considering only leaks not well-detected by the sensors placed so far. Preferably this process is repeated until sensors are placed to detect all modelled leaks.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an ap paratus 100 for sensor positioning for leak detection in a water network according to the invention.
  • the apparatus com prises a digital computer P which is configured to perform a computer-implemented method according to the invention.
  • the apparatus 100 preferably comprises an interface IF configured to receive for example a hydraulic model for a water network.
  • the apparatus further comprises preferably a storage unit S configured to store and provide for example a hydraulic model for a water network.
  • the apparatus 100 comprises preferably a user-interface UI configured to provide the sensor position ing information, e.g., a ranking list for the leak detection sensors for positioning real sensors in a water network.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé informatique pour le positionnement de capteurs servant à la détection de fuites dans un réseau de distribution d'eau. Sur la base d'une simulation hydraulique (HS), des sensibilités de capteur totales (TS1, TS2, … , TSN) à des fuites modélisées (L1, L2, … , LN) pour des capteurs de détection de fuite modélisés sont déterminées, dans laquelle, pour une fuite modélisée respective (L1, L2, ... , LN), les sensibilités des capteurs (S1, S2, ... , SN) à ladite fuite sont déterminées, ces sensibilités de capteur sont triées et des sensibilités de capteur modifiées respectives (mS1, mS2, … , mSN) sont générés sur la base de l'indice de tri respectif, et, pour un capteur de détection de fuite respectif, une sensibilité de capteur totale (TS1, TS2, … , TSN) est calculée par combinaison des sensibilités de capteur modifiées respectives (mS1, mS2, … , mSN). Sur la base de la sensibilité de capteur totale respective, au moins un capteur modélisé est sélectionné, et sa position de capteur respective est exportée pour le positionnement d'un capteur de détection de fuite réelle dans le réseau de distribution d'eau.
PCT/EP2019/072346 2019-08-21 2019-08-21 Procédé informatique et appareil de positionnement de capteur pour détection de fuite dans un réseau de distribution d'eau Ceased WO2021032294A1 (fr)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114493242A (zh) * 2022-01-24 2022-05-13 南京惠然测控技术有限公司 一种管网供水异常定位处理方法和系统
CN116877941A (zh) * 2023-08-01 2023-10-13 大连理工大学 一种用于管道泄漏检测的多传感器布置方法
WO2025067683A1 (fr) * 2023-09-29 2025-04-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Optimisation d'un placement de capteur dans un réseau de pipelines

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114493242A (zh) * 2022-01-24 2022-05-13 南京惠然测控技术有限公司 一种管网供水异常定位处理方法和系统
CN116877941A (zh) * 2023-08-01 2023-10-13 大连理工大学 一种用于管道泄漏检测的多传感器布置方法
WO2025067683A1 (fr) * 2023-09-29 2025-04-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Optimisation d'un placement de capteur dans un réseau de pipelines

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