WO2021052182A1 - 电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法 - Google Patents

电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021052182A1
WO2021052182A1 PCT/CN2020/113176 CN2020113176W WO2021052182A1 WO 2021052182 A1 WO2021052182 A1 WO 2021052182A1 CN 2020113176 W CN2020113176 W CN 2020113176W WO 2021052182 A1 WO2021052182 A1 WO 2021052182A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tin
product
electroplated
heating
infrared
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2020/113176
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周爱和
门松明珠
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Kunshan Yiding Industrial Technology Co Ltd
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Kunshan Yiding Industrial Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US17/298,030 priority Critical patent/US11441231B2/en
Priority to JP2021541311A priority patent/JP2022508499A/ja
Publication of WO2021052182A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021052182A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C25D5/52—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by brightening or burnishing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
    • C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
    • C25D5/505—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment of electroplated tin coatings, e.g. by melting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/16—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for manufacturing contact members, e.g. by punching and by bending
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of electroplating technology, and specifically relates to a surface treatment method for electroplated matte tin products.
  • the connectors used for circuit boards are becoming more and more miniaturized and miniaturized, which requires the raw material terminals of the connectors to continuously transform to miniaturization and miniaturization.
  • the tin whiskers formed by tin-plated products will cause short circuits in the electronic circuit, making the product fail to meet the design requirements.
  • the Reflow processing technology that converts the matte tin into bright tin by heating the surface of the electroplated matte tin product has been continuously developed.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 5337760 describes in detail that when a matte-plated product is placed at room temperature, a whisker-like metallic tin called tin whisker will be formed on the surface of the tin-plated tin over time.
  • tin whisker a whisker-like metallic tin
  • Reflow treatment has a better inhibitory effect on the formation of tin whiskers, if the Reflow heat treatment is improper, the tin surface will be discolored or oxidized.
  • the molten tin on the terminal surface tends to gather in the middle of the terminal, which makes the tin film thickness at the middle of the terminal thicker and the film thickness at both ends become thinner, so the terminal surface
  • the tin film thickness distribution becomes uneven; under the microscope, it can be seen that the tin surface has uneven or wavy surfaces. In severe cases, the underplating metal will be exposed on the surface and affect the soldering performance.
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. JP 2008-019468 A describes that when hot air circulation or electric heat radiation is used to perform Reflow heat treatment on the plated terminal, the underplating metal such as copper or nickel is formed between the surface metal tin The intermetallic compound relieves the stress in the electroplated tin layer and suppresses the generation of tin whiskers.
  • the oxide film formed on the tin surface during Reflow heat treatment degrades the soldering performance.
  • the tin film thickness is uneven.
  • Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent No. 4889422 describes that when superheated steam is used for Reflow heating treatment, because the surrounding air is thin and the oxygen concentration is relatively low, it can prevent the oxidation of tin, and the superheated steam has good heat conduction. The rate and thermal potential can melt the tin surface locally, so for products with complex shapes, it is possible to control the formation of alloy compounds between tin and the underlying metal.
  • Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. JP 2015-150612 A describes the use of quartz heaters in the first heating zone for preheating; the second heating zone uses non-infrared heaters for uniform heating; and the third heating zone adopts non-infrared heaters.
  • the infrared heater is divided into the first part, a plurality of infrared heaters are arranged from low to high in the horizontal direction; the second part, the infrared heaters are arranged from left to right in the vertical direction; it is composed of the above-mentioned separated three heating areas Carry out the heat treatment method of Reflow.
  • the third heating zone adopts infrared heating
  • the heating speed is fast.
  • the heating treatment device and method provided in the patent literature, because the material width range that can be processed is limited to 30-300mm, when the electroplated matte tin products with small continuous terminals are heated, it is impossible to selectively heat treat the narrow range of electroplated matte tin areas.
  • the gold-plated part of the conductive functional area will be heated by infrared rays, which may cause the gold in the conductive functional area to change color at high temperatures, or it may migrate to the gold-plated surface under high temperature conditions to reduce the gold plating layer The electrical conductivity.
  • Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. JP 2017-027674 A provides a high-frequency induction heating device that uses high-frequency induction heating to perform Reflow treatment in air or liquid.
  • the surface heating is a process in which the induction current generated under the action of a high-frequency magnetic field causes the conductor to heat itself.
  • High-frequency induction heating has a short time, which can quickly convert electroplating mist tin into bright tin, thereby reducing the time for tin to oxidize in the air. Compared with hot air circulation heating, the heating speed is fast, and the time for metal tin to oxidize in the atmosphere is reduced.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 Central Japan Bureau of Economy, Trade and Industry, 2011 Strategic Fundamental High-tech Sponsored Project Research and Development Results Report Summary Edition
  • the tin film thickness distribution before the heat treatment of the electroplated tin terminal has nothing to do with the position of the terminal.
  • the film thickness is uniform.
  • the tin film thickness in the middle of the terminal becomes much thicker, while the tin film thickness at both ends becomes very thin; the result is considered to be tin melted by high-frequency induction heating. It is caused by the accumulation of surface tension in the middle of the terminal.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • the present invention proposes a surface treatment method for electroplated matte tin products.
  • the surface treatment method for electroplated matte tin products is easy to implement, has the advantages of large heating power, precise temperature control, and improved product quality.
  • the electroplated matte tin on the surface of the product can be heated to form a bright tin
  • the surface treatment method is: heating the surface of the electroplated matte tin product by infrared rays.
  • the surface of the matte tin electroplated product is heated by infrared rays, which can not only use the infrared radiation energy to make the matte tin electroplated on the product surface be heated into bright tin, and can be precisely controlled Temperature can also improve the uniformity of tinned film thickness, and has the advantages of high heating efficiency and fast heating speed.
  • the infrared ray is emitted and generated by an infrared radiator.
  • the infrared radiator includes a plurality of spaced apart heating regions
  • the surface treatment method includes: S1, according to the position of the infrared radiator, setting the movement path of the electroplated matte tin product , The moving path includes a position to be heated and a heating position; S2, placing the electroplated matte tin product at the position to be heated, and make the side of the electroplated matte tin product that needs to be heated face the infrared radiator; S3 , After turning on the infrared radiator for preheating, controlling the electroplated mist tin product to sequentially pass through a plurality of heating areas along the moving path to perform partial heating and output.
  • the infrared radiator includes two infrared radiators, and the two infrared radiators are arranged opposite to each other, and each infrared radiator is provided with a plurality of said infrared radiators spaced apart along the length of the moving path
  • the movable path is located between the two infrared radiators, and both sides of the electroplated matte tin product are respectively provided with electroplated matte tin.
  • the two infrared radiators are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the moving path.
  • step S3 the two infrared radiators are turned on at the same time to simultaneously heat both sides of the electroplated matte tin product.
  • step S3 further includes: before turning on the infrared radiator to preheat, preset the heating temperature of each of the heating regions in the infrared radiator.
  • the heating temperature of a plurality of the heating regions increases sequentially.
  • step S3 the electroplated matte tin product is controlled to move at a uniform speed along the moving path.
  • step S3 the time for the electroplated matte tin product to be heated to a predetermined temperature in each heating zone is less than 1 second.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a surface treatment method for a matte tin electroplated product according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface treatment device applying a surface treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal arrangement of an infrared radiating tube of a surface treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical arrangement of an infrared radiation tube of a surface treatment method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an inclined arrangement of an infrared radiation tube according to another embodiment of the surface treatment method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a matte tin electroplating product according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a matte tin electroplating product according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a matte tin electroplating product according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a matte tin electroplating product according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a matte tin electroplating product according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a matte tin electroplating product according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a matte tin electroplating product according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a matte tin electroplating product according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • Example 14 is a comparison diagram of film thickness between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 according to the present invention.
  • Example 15 is a comparison diagram of film thickness (conductive functional area) between Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 according to the present invention.
  • Example 16 is a comparison diagram of film thickness (welded area) between Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 according to the present invention.
  • Example 17 is a comparison diagram of film thickness between Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 according to the present invention.
  • Example 18 is a comparison diagram of film thickness between Example 4 and Comparative Example 4 according to the present invention.
  • Example 19 is a comparison diagram of film thickness (conductive functional area) between Example 5 and Comparative Example 5 according to the present invention.
  • Example 20 is a comparison diagram of film thickness (welded area) between Example 5 and Comparative Example 5 according to the present invention.
  • Example 21 is a comparison diagram of film thickness (conductive functional area) between Example 6 and Comparative Example 6 according to the present invention.
  • Example 22 is a comparison diagram of film thickness (welded area) between Example 6 and Comparative Example 6 according to the present invention.
  • Example 23 is a comparison diagram of film thickness (terminal front side) of Example 7 and Comparative Example 7 according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 24 is a comparison diagram of film thickness (reverse side of the terminal) between Example 7 and Comparative Example 7 according to the present invention.
  • Infrared radiator 20 infrared radiator 23; electroplated matte tin product 200.
  • installation should be interpreted broadly unless otherwise clearly specified and limited.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection.
  • Connected or integrally connected can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.
  • the electroplated matte tin on the surface of the product can be heated to form a bright tin.
  • the surface treatment method is: heating the surface of the matte tin electroplated product 200 by infrared rays.
  • infrared rays are irradiated to the surface of the matte tin electroplated product 200, and the matte tin electroplated product 200 is heated by an infrared heat source.
  • the use of infrared radiation can heat the matte tin electroplated product on the surface of the product.
  • the heating speed is fast
  • the heating speed is fast
  • the heating time can reach the set temperature as fast as 1S
  • the thermal efficiency is high
  • the use is safe and reliable, and the practicality is strong.
  • the electroplating raw materials in the surface treatment method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be strips such as copper, copper alloy, stainless steel, etc., or can be continuous terminals stamped from these strips. These strips and continuous terminals go through a continuous electroplating production line.
  • the raw materials are first electroplated to obtain a copper layer or a nickel layer, and then matte tin is electroplated on the designated area. According to different product requirements, in addition to electroplating matte tin, it can also electroplating gold on the conductive functional area.
  • the thickness range of the strip or continuous terminal is 0.1mm ⁇ 0.8mm, the width range is 6mm ⁇ 10mm, the thickness range of electroplating copper film is 0.7 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.3 ⁇ m, the thickness range of electroplating nickel film is 1.3 ⁇ m ⁇ 2.5 ⁇ m, and the plating fog tin
  • the thickness of the film ranges from 1.0 ⁇ m to 3.5 ⁇ m.
  • micro-area strip and terminal electroplated matte tin product 200 may be obtained by electroplating from a sulfate electroplating solution, or may be a product obtained by electroplating from a methanesulfonate solution.
  • infrared rays are emitted by an infrared radiator, which is convenient to use.
  • the infrared radiator 20 selects the short-wave infrared with the highest radiation intensity, and the wavelength is 1.2 ⁇ m-2 ⁇ m.
  • the infrared radiator 20 includes a plurality of spaced apart heating regions
  • the surface treatment method includes: S1, according to the position of the infrared radiator 20, setting the movement path of the electroplating matte tin product 200, and the movement path includes the position to be heated and the heating area. Position; S2, place the electroplated matte tin product 200 in the position to be heated, and make the side of the electroplated matte tin product 200 that needs to be heated face the infrared radiator 20; S3, turn on the infrared radiator 20 for preheating, and then control the electroplated matte tin product
  • the 200 sequentially passes through a plurality of heating areas along the moving path to perform partial heating and output.
  • the infrared radiator 20 may include a plurality of heating regions, and an infrared radiator 20 may be provided on at least one side of the movable path, at least one heating position may be provided on the movable path, and at least one heating position may be provided on each heating position. Heating area.
  • the matte tin electroplating product 200 passes through each heating position along the moving path, the part of the matte tin electroplating product 200 corresponding to the heating area can be heated by infrared radiation.
  • the infrared radiator 20 may be provided with a plurality of heating areas along a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the moving path, and the heating area can correspond to the part of the electroplated matte tin product 200 extending in the height direction, that is, when When the matte tin electroplating product 200 moves to the corresponding heating position, the heating area corresponding to the part along the height direction of the matte tin electroplating product 200 can be selected to be turned on or off, which can realize the heating area of the matte tin electroplating product 200 in the height direction. Choice, strong pertinence. It should be noted that the infrared radiator 20 can also be provided with multiple heating regions along the length of the moving path. When the electroplated matte tin product 200 moves along the moving path, the electroplated matte tin product 200 can move at the same time. Pass through multiple heating zones in sequence to heat the same or different locations.
  • the electroplated matte tin product 200 may constitute a plate-shaped member with a length extending along the moving path.
  • the heating area may be formed as a straight area, and the extension direction of the straight area may be parallel, perpendicular or inclined to the heating path, which may be specifically selected according to the shape of the matte tin electroplating product 200.
  • the heating area may also be formed in other shapes such as a circle.
  • the infrared radiator 20 formed as a straight area is more convenient to install, the radiation area covers a larger area, and the heating efficiency is high.
  • the infrared radiator 20 may include a plurality of infrared radiation tubes 23.
  • the plurality of infrared radiation tubes 23 in the heating area may be sequentially spaced apart in the vertical direction or distributed in the horizontal direction.
  • Each infrared radiation tube 23 can heat a corresponding area of the product 200 that moves through.
  • a plurality of infrared radiation tubes 23 in the heating area can be arranged in parallel, vertical or oblique directions to the heating path, which is convenient for installation, and can also increase the number of infrared radiation tubes 23 installed in a limited space.
  • the infrared radiator 20 includes two infrared radiators 20, and the two infrared radiators 20 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • Each infrared radiator 20 is provided with a plurality of heating areas spaced apart along the length of the moving path.
  • the movable path is located between the two infrared radiators 20, and both sides of the electroplated matte tin product 200 are respectively provided with electroplated matte tin, that is to say, both sides of the electroplated matte tin product 200 can be heated by infrared at the same time. Realize simultaneous heating inside and outside.
  • two infrared radiators 20 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the moving path to improve the uniformity of tin plating.
  • the two sides of the electroplated matte tin product 200 are respectively provided with electroplated matte tin, which can be selected according to actual conditions.
  • At least one of the two infrared radiators 20 is turned on, so that at least one side of the two sides of the product 200 is heated.
  • step S3 the two infrared radiators 20 are simultaneously opened to simultaneously heat both sides of the electroplated matte tin product 200, so as to further improve the uniformity of the tin plating film thickness on the inner and outer sides.
  • step S3 further includes: before turning on the infrared radiator 20 to preheat, preset the heating temperature of each heating area in the infrared radiator 20, which can further improve the heating efficiency.
  • the heating temperature of the plurality of heating zones increases sequentially.
  • the number of heating zones can be three, which are divided into a first preheating zone A, a second heat preservation zone B, and a third heating zone C.
  • the two areas are arranged in the same furnace, each area can be equipped with an infrared radiator 20, and the temperature of each infrared radiator 20 can be set separately and can be precisely controlled.
  • the product 200 can be cooled as quickly as possible. Therefore, the surface treatment method for the electroplated matte tin product in the small continuous area has the ability to quickly heat the electroplated matte tin product in the small area.
  • the tin processing area has high selectivity and has no effect on the surface electroplating metal of other areas.
  • the temperature control is precise and stable, and it can maximize the use of infrared radiation energy to save energy and other advantages. It should be noted that other numbers of heating zones can also be set according to other specific conditions.
  • the treatment method for heating the electroplated matte tin products in continuous small areas into bright tin must meet the preheating of the first preheating area A and the second heat preservation area B
  • the heat preservation and the heating treatment of the third heating zone C are a complete body, that is, the three zones must be in the same furnace, and the set temperature of each zone must be precisely controllable.
  • the air temperature should be lower than the product surface temperature in each area, and the air temperature should be kept constant; the discharge of hot air in the furnace and the intake of cold air are automatically controlled based on the set furnace air temperature.
  • the heating temperature of the first preheating zone A is 180°C to 190°C
  • the second heat preservation zone B can heat the product 200 approximately at 200°C.
  • the first preheating area A, the second heat preservation area B, and the third heating area C may respectively adopt a plurality of infrared radiation tubes 23 spaced apart in the vertical direction, and the infrared radiation tubes used
  • the adjustable range of the spotlight of 23 is 1mm ⁇ 3mm.
  • the length direction of the surface of the product 200 to be heated is consistent with the direction of the movement path, and the width direction is perpendicular to the direction of the movement path. That is, when the direction of the movement path is horizontal, the width direction of the product 200 is the up and down direction.
  • the usable condensing range of the infrared radiator 23 is: 2mm ⁇ condensing range ⁇ 3mm.
  • the lowermost layer of the plurality of infrared radiant tubes 23 corresponding to the three regions is used.
  • the infrared radiation tube 23 can meet the requirements.
  • a total of six infrared radiation tubes 23 are required for the three areas.
  • the width of the product to be processed is 2mm ⁇ 6mm
  • the usable condensing range of the infrared radiator 23 is: 2mm ⁇ condensing range ⁇ 6mm.
  • the plurality of infrared radiant tubes 23 corresponding to the three regions are used from the most The infrared radiation tubes 23 of the first layer and the second layer starting from the lower layer can meet the requirements.
  • the usable condensing range of the infrared radiator 23 is: 2mm ⁇ condensing range ⁇ 9mm.
  • the plurality of infrared radiant tubes 23 corresponding to the three regions use the most The infrared radiation tubes 23 of the first, second and third layers starting from the lower layer can meet the requirements.
  • both sides of the product 200 are provided with infrared radiation tubes 23, a total of eighteen tubes are needed for the three areas.
  • the surface treatment method of the embodiment of the present invention can select the number of infrared radiation tubes 23 to be used according to the width of the product, can selectively convert the electroplated matte tin product into bright tin with high efficiency and ensure the gold plating of the small conductive functional area Part will not have an impact, while ensuring the quality of electroplated products, it can maximize the use of infrared radiation energy.
  • the suitable range between the micro-area continuous electroplating matte tin product and the corresponding infrared radiation tube 23 is 20mm ⁇ distance ⁇ 80mm.
  • the distance between the small area continuous matte tin plating product and the infrared radiation tube 23 on both sides can be in the range: 10mm ⁇ distance ⁇ 110mm.
  • the distance between the infrared radiation tube 23 and the product is less than 20mm, the distance between the infrared radiation tube 23 and the product 200 is too large.
  • the infrared radiator 23 may be scratched by the product; when the distance between the infrared radiator 23 and the product is greater than 80 mm, the light efficiency of the infrared radiator 23 is reduced due to the distance between the infrared radiator 23 and the product. Maximize the use of infrared radiation energy. Therefore, the range of the distance between the product and the infrared radiation tubes 23 on one side and on both sides is: 20mm ⁇ distance ⁇ 80mm.
  • the first preheating area A and the second heat preservation area B respectively adopt multilayer infrared radiating tubes 23 spaced apart in the up and down direction, for example, three layers of infrared radiating tubes 23 are used, each layer
  • the width of the infrared radiating tube 23 in the vertical direction is 3 mm
  • the length of the moving path is 300 mm
  • the infrared radiating tube 23 can be distributed on both sides of the product. That is to say, there can be a total of six branches in the first preheating zone A and the second heat preservation zone B on one side, and a total of twelve branches on both sides.
  • the installation methods of the infrared radiation tube 23 in the third heating zone C may include the following three methods:
  • the third heating zone C three layers of infrared radiation tubes 23 spaced apart in the vertical direction are used, which can be installed on both sides of the product 200.
  • the infrared radiation tubes 23 on each layer extend in the horizontal direction, and the infrared radiation tubes 23
  • the width along the up and down direction is 3mm, and the length along the length of the moving path is 200mm.
  • there are infrared radiation tubes 23 on both sides of the product 200 there are a total of six infrared radiation tubes on both sides of the product in the third heating zone C. twenty three.
  • each row of infrared radiation tubes 23 extends in the up and down direction.
  • the width of each row of infrared radiation tubes 23 is 3mm and the length is 20mm, where the width is the dimension along the length of the moving path, and the length is the dimension along the up and down direction perpendicular to the direction of the moving path.
  • the included angle range with the horizontal direction is 0° ⁇ the included angle ⁇ 180° range
  • the infrared radiation tube 23 is arranged on at least one side of the product.
  • the infrared radiant tube 23 corresponding to the third heating zone C has a width of 3mm and a length of 20mm.
  • the product in the third heating zone C can be provided with six sides on both sides. Infrared radiation tube 23.
  • a most suitable arrangement of the infrared radiation tube 23 can be selected from the above methods for heating treatment. That is to say, the continuous electroplating of mist tin products in a small area that runs continuously at a certain speed is heated by the infrared radiator 20 with adjustable light concentration, and the area that needs to be heated can be selectively adjusted according to the shape of the electroplated mist tin products.
  • the setting direction of the infrared radiator 20 is located, and the temperature of the selected area is precisely set and controlled.
  • the surface treatment method of the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to continuous micro-terminals and continuous strips with ever-changing structures.
  • running speed of the continuous micro-terminals and continuous strips along the moving track is 4m/min
  • the three areas of the surface treatment method can be divided into the following different situations for selection:
  • choosing the heating area according to different situations can prevent unnecessary energy from being used too much, and effectively save and use energy.
  • the stamping surface of the continuous terminal product has a smoother surface on the front side, and the corners of the cut surface are relatively smooth; while the reverse side is relatively non-smooth surface, and the corners of the cut surface are regular and orderly; therefore, even if the front and back sides have exactly the same structure Due to the difference in surface smoothness and corners, it may cause the temperature conditions of the front and back sides of the infrared heating treatment to be different. To ensure that the thickness of the tin film on both sides is evenly distributed, it must be precise Verify temperature conditions.
  • the running speed of the continuous micro terminal and the continuous strip exceeds 4m/min
  • all three areas of the surface treatment method must be used; and should be adjusted appropriately
  • the set temperature of the third heating zone C can effectively convert the electroplated matte tin products of continuous terminals or strips into bright tin products.
  • the surface treatment method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be used to heat the electroplated matte tin products of the tiny continuous terminals continuously running at a certain speed with the concentrating and adjustable infrared radiator processing device, and can convert them into bright tin products.
  • the surface treatment method according to the embodiment of the present invention can selectively heat-process the electroplated matte tin product in a small area without affecting the performance of other electroplated areas.
  • the continuous terminal electroplating fog tin products in various positions can be selectively heated, so as to maximize the use of infrared radiation energy and save energy Reduce electroplating production costs.
  • step S3 the time for the electroplated matte tin product 200 to be heated to a predetermined temperature in each heating area is less than 1s, and the maximum temperature can be as high as 1200°C, which will not affect other areas of the product due to local high temperature. surface.
  • Raw material 1 is an electroplated matte tin product for continuous terminals in a small area, with a width of 8.7mm and a gold-plated range of 1.8mm for conductive functional areas; the range of electroplated matte tin on the lead area for circuit board soldering is 2.0mm; the overall nickel plating film thickness of the terminal is 1.3 ⁇ m ⁇ 2.1 ⁇ m. There must be at least a 2.0mm nickel-plated isolation area between the conductive functional area and the pin area.
  • the electroplating raw materials can be processed in advance from other continuous electroplating production lines.
  • the material disc with the electroplated matte tin raw material 1 is set on the simple discharge tray, and the electroplated matte tin continuous terminal material is drawn from the raw material disc and passed through the surface treatment.
  • the imported positioning fixture of the method enters the furnace, and the electroplating matte tin material is passed through the positioning fixture and product guide fixture in the furnace, and the product preparation work is completed through the positioning fixture and the driving guide wheel at the exit of the equipment, and the positioning fixture ,
  • the product guiding jig and the driving guide wheel can cooperate to form a track.
  • the second layer of single-sided, two-sided short-wave concentrating tunable infrared radiating tubes 23 and infrared radiating tubes 23 from the bottom layer use the second layer of single-sided, two-sided short-wave concentrating tunable infrared radiating tubes 23 and infrared radiating tubes 23 from the bottom layer.
  • the handleable width is 3mm, the tube length is 300mm, and it is set horizontally in the X direction; the third heating zone C uses the second layer of the second layer from the lowest layer, one on one side, and two on both sides, short-wave concentrating tunable infrared radiator 23 ,
  • the handleable width of the infrared radiation tube 23 is 3mm, the tube length is 200mm, and it is arranged horizontally in the X direction.
  • the first preheating zone A and the second heat preservation zone B start from the lowest layer and the temperature of 4 places on both sides of the product on the second layer are monitored by 4 infrared radiation temperature controllers;
  • the third heating zone C is from The temperature of two places on both sides of the second layer from the bottom layer is monitored by two infrared radiation thermometers.
  • Comparative Example 1 The comparative bright tin is processed in advance from other continuous electroplating production lines, and its heating method adopts high-frequency induction heating treatment.
  • Raw material 2 is an electroplated matte tin product with a continuous strip in a small area, with a width of 9.0mm, and a conductive functional area electroplating matte tin range of 4.5mm; a circuit board solder pin area electroplating matte tin range of 2.5mm; the entire terminal is nickel-plated
  • the film thickness is 1.3 ⁇ m ⁇ 2.1 ⁇ m. There must be at least a 2.0mm nickel-plated isolation area between the conductive functional area and the pin area.
  • the electroplating raw materials can be processed in advance from other continuous electroplating production lines.
  • the material disc with the electroplated matte tin raw material 2 is set on the simple discharge tray, and the electroplated matte tin continuous terminal material is drawn from the raw material disc and passed through the surface treatment.
  • the imported positioning jig of the method enters the furnace, and the product preparation is completed through the positioning jig and the driving guide wheel at the outlet of the equipment, and the positioning jig and the driving guide wheel can cooperate to form a track.
  • the second and third layers from the bottom layer are used with four single-sided and eight double-sided short-wave concentrating tunable infrared radiation tubes 23
  • the handleable width of the infrared radiant tube 23 is 2 ⁇ 3mm, and the tube length is 300mm. It is set horizontally in the X direction;
  • the third heating zone C uses the second layer from the lowest layer and the third layer with two single-sided, double-sided Four short-wave condensing and adjustable infrared radiant tubes 23, the handleable width of the infrared radiant tube 23 is 2 ⁇ 3mm, the tube length is 200mm, and it is arranged horizontally in the X direction.
  • the first layer of single-sided, two double-sided four-branch short-wave concentrating tunable infrared radiant tubes 23 from the bottom layer are used.
  • the processing width is 3mm
  • the tube length is 300mm, and it is set horizontally in the X direction
  • the third heating area C uses the first layer of the first layer from the lowest layer, one on one side, two on both sides, short-wave concentrating and adjustable infrared radiant tubes 23,
  • the handleable width of the infrared radiant tube 23 is 3mm, the tube length is 200mm, and it is arranged horizontally in the X direction.
  • the first preheating zone A and the second heat preservation zone B start from the lowest layer on the two sides of the product on the first layer.
  • the temperature is monitored by 4 infrared radiation temperature controllers; the third heating zone C is from the lowest layer.
  • the temperature of two places on both sides of the first layer is monitored by two infrared radiation thermometers. The cooperation of multiple infrared radiation thermometers can be used to monitor the temperature in the 2.0mm area of the electroplating fog tin.
  • the conditions for converting the electroplating matte tin range from 4.5mm into bright tin are: the first preheating zone A starts from the lowest layer and the second layer and the third layer have a temperature of 190°C on both sides, and the second heat preservation zone B starts from the lowest The temperature on both sides of the second and third layers starting from the lower layer is 205°C, and the temperature of the third heating zone C is 250°C on both sides of the second and third layers starting from the lowermost layer.
  • the conditions for converting the electroplating matte tin range of 2.5mm into bright tin are: the first preheating zone A starts from the lowest layer and the temperature at both sides 2 of the first layer is 180°C, and the second heat preservation zone B starts from the lowest layer. The temperature on both sides of the first layer is 195°C, and the temperature of the third heating zone C is 240°C on both sides of the first layer starting from the lowest layer.
  • tin film thickness test using a film thickness tester, the conductive function area is electroplated with a matte tin range of 4.5mm, and one data is measured every 0.2mm; the circuit board solder is electroplated in the pin area The range of matte tin is 2.5mm, and one data is measured every 0.2mm.
  • Comparative Example 2 The comparative bright tin is processed in advance from other continuous electroplating production lines, and the heating method adopts superheated steam heating treatment.
  • the material disc with the electroplated matte tin raw material 3 is set on the simple discharge tray, and the electroplated matte tin continuous terminal material is drawn from the raw material disc and passed through the surface treatment.
  • the positioning fixture of the method enters the furnace, and the electroplating matte tin material is passed through the positioning fixture and the product guide fixture in the furnace, and finally the product preparation work is completed through the positioning fixture and the drive guide wheel at the exit of the equipment, positioning fixture,
  • the product guiding jig and the driving guide wheel can cooperate to form a track.
  • the second and third layers from the bottom layer are used with four single-sided and eight double-sided short-wave concentrating tunable infrared radiation tubes 23
  • the handleable width of the infrared radiant tube 23 is 2 ⁇ 3mm, and the tube length is 300mm. It is set horizontally in the X direction; the third heating zone C uses the second layer from the lowest layer and the third layer with two single-sided, double-sided Four short-wave condensing and adjustable infrared radiation tubes 23.
  • the infrared radiation tube 23 has a processing width of 2 ⁇ 3mm and a tube length of 200mm. It is set horizontally in the X direction and passes through the first preheating zone A and the second heat preservation zone B. Cooperating with the third heating zone C, it can be used to heat the 4.5mm area of the upper electroplating matte tin.
  • Short-wave infrared radiant tubes 23 are used in the first preheating area A and the second heat preservation area B.
  • the first preheating area A and the second heat preservation area B start from the lowermost layer on both sides of the second and third layers.
  • the temperature at the location is monitored by 8 infrared radiation temperature controllers; the third heating zone C is used for the temperature of 4 infrared radiation temperature controllers on both sides of the second and third layers from the lowest layer. Monitoring, through the cooperation of multiple infrared radiation temperature controllers, it can be used to monitor the temperature of the 4.5mm area of the electroplating fog tin.
  • the first layer of short-wave concentrating tunable infrared radiation tube 23 and the infrared radiation temperature controller starting from the lower layer of the third heating zone C are closed and not used.
  • the running speed of the electroplated matte tin product in the micro area is set to 4m/min, and the distance between the infrared radiant tube 23 and the processed product is set to 20mm.
  • tin film thickness test use a film thickness tester, the range of electroplating tin is 6.0mm, and one data is measured every 0.2mm.
  • Comparative Example 3 The comparative bright tin is processed in advance from other continuous electroplating production lines, and the heating method is hot air heating treatment.
  • the material disc with the electroplated matte tin raw material 4 is set on the simple discharge tray, and the electroplated matte tin continuous terminal material is drawn from the raw material disc and passed through the surface treatment.
  • the imported positioning jig enters the furnace, and the electroplating matte tin material is passed through the positioning jig and the product guide jig in the furnace, and finally the product preparation work is completed through the positioning jig at the equipment exit and the driving guide wheel.
  • the tool, the product guide tool and the driving guide wheel can be formed into a track in cooperation.
  • the handleable width of the infrared radiant tube 23 is 2 ⁇ 3mm, and the tube length is 300mm. It is set horizontally in the X direction; the third heating zone C uses the second layer from the lowest layer and the third layer with two single-sided, double-sided Four short-wave concentrating adjustable infrared radiant tubes 23.
  • the infrared radiant tube 23 has a handleable width of 2 ⁇ 3mm and a tube length of 200mm. They are arranged horizontally in the X direction, that is to say, the two sides of the surface treatment product are respectively in the furnace. Set up the infrared radiator.
  • the temperature of the first preheating area A and the second heat preservation area B are monitored by 4 infrared radiation temperature controllers respectively; the upper and middle layers of the third heating area C are respectively monitored by 4 infrared radiation temperature controllers.
  • the running speed of the electroplated product is set to 4m/min, and the distance between the infrared radiation tube 23 and the processed product is set to 20mm.
  • the conditions for converting the range of 6.0mm of electroplating matte tin into bright tin are: the temperature of the second layer starting from the lowest layer of the first preheating zone A and the temperature of 4 on both sides of the third layer is 180°C, and the temperature of the second heat preservation zone B is from the lowest The temperature on both sides of the second and third layers starting from the lower layer is 200°C, and the temperature of the third heating zone C is 245°C on both sides of the second and third layers starting from the lowermost layer.
  • Comparative Example 4 The comparative bright tin was processed in advance from other continuous electroplating production lines, and its heating method was heated by a hot air blower.
  • the handleable width of the infrared radiant tube 23 is 2 ⁇ 3mm, and the tube length is 300mm. It is set horizontally in the X direction; the third heating zone C uses the second layer from the lowest layer and the third layer with two single-sided, double-sided Four short-wave condensing and adjustable infrared radiation tubes 23.
  • the infrared radiation tube 23 has a processing width of 2 ⁇ 3mm and a tube length of 200mm. It is arranged horizontally in the X direction and can be used for heating through the cooperation of multiple infrared radiation tubes 23.
  • the area of the matte tin plating is 5.0mm.
  • the infrared radiating tube 23 In the furnace of the first preheating zone A and the second heat preservation zone B, use the first layer of single-sided two-sided four-sided short-wave concentrating tunable infrared radiant tube 23 starting from the bottom layer, and the infrared radiating tube 23 can be processed
  • the width is 3mm
  • the tube length is 300mm, and it is set horizontally in the X direction
  • the third heating zone C uses the first layer of the first layer from the lowest layer, one on one side, two on both sides, short-wave concentrating adjustable infrared radiator 23, infrared
  • the handleable width of the radiant tube 23 is 3mm, and the tube length is 200mm. It is arranged horizontally in the X direction, and can be used to correspond to the area of 2.0mm electroplating fog tin through the cooperation of multiple infrared radiant tubes 23.
  • the first preheating area A and the second heat preservation area B start from the bottom layer, the temperature of 8 places on both sides of the second and third layers of products, respectively, using 8 infrared radiation temperature controllers to monitor; the third heating area C.
  • the temperature of 4 places on both sides of the second and third layers starting from the bottom layer are monitored by 4 infrared radiation temperature meters respectively. Through the cooperation of multiple infrared radiation temperature controllers, it can be used to monitor the range of electroplating fog tin The temperature in the 5.0mm area.
  • the running speed of the matte tin plating product is set to 4m/min, and the distance between the infrared radiation tube 23 and the processed product is set to 20mm.
  • the surface of the tin-plated area is smooth and bright and meets the inspection requirements;
  • tin film thickness test using a film thickness tester, the electroplating area of the electrical function area is 5.0mm, and one data is measured every 0.2mm; the soldering of the circuit board uses the lead area plating
  • the range of matte tin is 2.5mm, and one data is measured every 0.2mm.
  • Comparative Example 5 The comparative bright tin is processed in advance from other continuous electroplating production lines, and its heating method adopts high-frequency induction heating treatment.
  • Raw material 6 is an electroplated matte tin product for continuous terminals in a small area, with a width of 9.5mm, and the overall thickness of the continuous terminal nickel plating film is 1.3 ⁇ m ⁇ 2.1 ⁇ m; the electroplating matte tin range of the conductive functional area is 3.5mm; the lead area for circuit board soldering The range of electroplating matte tin is 2.0mm; there must be at least a 2.0mm nickel-plated isolation area between the conductive functional area and the pin area.
  • the electroplating raw materials can be processed in advance from other continuous electroplating production lines.
  • the matte tin plating range of the continuous terminal is 9.5mm.
  • the electroplating raw materials are processed in advance from other continuous electroplating production lines.
  • the second and third layers from the bottom layer are used with four single-sided and eight double-sided short-wave concentrating tunable infrared radiation tubes 23 .
  • the handleable width of the infrared radiation tube 23 is 2 ⁇ 3mm, the tube length is 300mm, and it is set horizontally in the X direction; the third heating zone C uses all five single-sided and ten double-sided short-wave concentrators arranged obliquely on the upper layer.
  • the handleable width of the infrared radiating tube 23 is 5 ⁇ 3mm, the tube length is 50mm, and the inclination angle is calculated according to the angle between the 3.5mm area of electroplating matte tin and the X direction: 0° ⁇ angle ⁇ 180°.
  • the first preheating area A, the second heat preservation area B and the third heating area C it can be used to heat the area of the electroplating matte tin range of 3.5 mm.
  • the conditions for converting the electroplating matte tin range of 2.0mm into bright tin are: the first preheating zone A starts from the lowest layer and the temperature at both sides 2 of the first layer is 180°C, and the second heat preservation zone B starts from the lowest layer.
  • the temperature on both sides of the first layer is 190°C
  • the temperature of the third heating zone C is 245°C on both sides of the first layer starting from the lowest layer.
  • the first preheating zone A, the two layers of the second and third layers are 190°C
  • the second heat preservation zone B, the two layers of the second and third layers are 200°C
  • the third heating zone C is the two layers of the second and third layers. Two layers of 255°C, the third heating zone C and the first layer of 245°C.
  • Tin film thickness test using a film thickness tester, the electroplating area of the conductive function area is 3.5mm, and one data is measured every 0.2mm; the lead area for circuit board soldering is 2.0mm, and one data is measured every 0.2mm. .
  • Comparative Example 6 The comparative bright tin was processed in advance from other continuous electroplating production lines, and the heating method was heated by a hot air blower.
  • the conditions for converting the range of 6.0mm electroplating matte tin into bright tin are: the first preheating zone A starts from the lowest layer, the second layer and the third layer have a temperature of 190°C on both sides, and the second heat preservation zone B starts from the lowest The temperature at 4 places on both sides of the second and third layers starting from the lower level is 205°C, and the temperature of the third heating zone C is 250°C at 10 places on both sides of five rows.
  • Comparative Example 7 The comparative bright tin was processed in advance from other continuous electroplating production lines, and the heating method was superheated steam heating treatment.

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Abstract

一种电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法，能够将产品表面的电镀雾锡加热形成为亮锡，所述表面处理方法为：通过红外线对所述电镀雾锡产品的表面进行加热。该表面处理方法能够对表面处理产品进行红外线辐射加热，锡镀层的膜厚分布更加均匀。

Description

电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法 技术领域
本发明属于电镀技术领域，具体涉及一种电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法。
背景技术
随着电子产品的不断小型化和微型化，用于电路板的接插件越来越向小型化和微型化发展，从而要求接插件的原材料端子不断向小型化和微型化转变。由于接插件端子间距不断变小，镀锡产品形成的锡晶须会导致电子回路的短路，使产品达不到设计要求。为了解决微小型连续端子镀锡产品的锡晶须问题，通过对电镀雾锡产品的表面进行加热处理，将雾锡转变为亮锡的Reflow处理技术得到了不断持续的发展。
专利文献1(日本专利第5337760号)中详细描述了，电镀雾锡产品在室温条件下放置，会随着时间的推移在电镀锡表面形成被称为锡晶须的胡须状的金属锡。为了防止锡晶须的形成，在连续电镀生产线上加工得到电镀雾锡产品后，用加热即Reflow处理将雾锡转换为亮锡已是众所周知的技术。然而，Reflow处理虽然对锡晶须的形成有较好的抑制效果，但是如果Reflow加热处理不当则会使锡表面产生变色或氧化。另外，锡膜厚分布均匀的电镀雾锡经过Reflow加热处理后，端子表面的熔融锡有向端子中部聚集的倾向，使端子中部的锡膜厚变厚，两端的膜厚变薄，因此端子表面的锡膜厚分布变得不均匀；在显微镜下观察能看到锡表面有凹凸不平或波浪状表面。严重时底镀金属会露出表面，影响焊锡性能。
在专利文献2(日本专利特开第JP 2008-019468 A号)中叙述了采用热风循环或电热辐射对电镀端子进行Reflow加热处理时，底镀金属例如：铜或镍与表面金属锡之间形成金属间化合物，使电镀锡层内的应力得到缓解，能抑制锡晶须的产生。然而，Reflow加热处理时锡表面形成的氧化膜，使焊锡性能降低。另外，Reflow加热处理时由于熔融锡的流动，使锡膜厚产生不均匀现象。
在专利文献3(日本专利第4889422号)中描述了用过热水蒸气进行Reflow加热处理时由于产品周围空气稀薄，氧气浓度相对比较低可以防止锡的氧化，并且过热水蒸气具有良好的热传导率和热潜能，可以对锡表面的局部进行熔融，因而对形状复杂的产品，可以控制锡与底镀金属之间形成合金化合物。
专利文献4(日本专利特开第JP 2015-150612 A号)中介绍了在第1加热区域预热处理采用石英加热器；第2加热区域的均匀加热采用非红外线加热器；第3加热区域采用红外线加热器并且分为第一部分，多个红外线加热器按水平方向由低向高排列；第二部分，红外线加热器按垂直方向由左向右排列；由上述分离的三个加热区域组合而成进行Reflow的加热处理方式。根据电镀雾锡产品的Reflow加热处理条件，按需要选择不同位置的红外线加热器对雾锡产品进行加热处理；与热风机和过热水蒸气加热方式相比，第3加热区域所采用的红外线加热处理方式，升温速度快。然而，针对微小型连续端子的电镀雾锡产品，例如；端子产品宽10mm以下，镀锡焊脚区域范围2～9mm的一系列电镀雾锡产品，要想将它们加热处理成亮锡时依据该专利文献提供的加热处理装置和方法，由于能处理的材料宽度范围限定在30～300mm，对微小连续端子的电镀雾锡产品进行加热处理时，即不能选择性加热处理 狭窄范围的电镀雾锡区域，同时也会使导电功能区域的镀金部分受到红外线加热处理，有可能会使导电功能区域的金在高温下产生变色现象，或则有可能在高温条件下底镀金属迁移至镀金表面降低镀金层的导电性能。
专利文献5(日本专利特开第JP 2017-027674 A号)中提供了一种在空气中或液体中用高频感应加热进行Reflow处理的高频感应加热设备，高频感应对电镀雾锡产品表面进行加热，是高频磁场作用下产生的感应电流引起导体自身发热的过程。高频感应加热时间短，能迅速将电镀雾锡加热转化成亮锡，从而减少锡在空气中氧化的时间。与热风循环加热相比，加热速度快，降低金属锡在大气中氧化的时间。而在非专利文献1(日本中部经济产业局，2011年度战略基础高新技术赞助项目研究开发成果报告书概要版)中描述了电镀锡端子加热处理前的锡膜厚分布与端子的位置无关，其膜厚是均匀一致的。在空气中用高频感应装置进行Reflow加热处理后，端子中部的锡膜厚变厚很多，而两端的锡膜厚变得很薄；该结果被认为是经过高频感应加热而熔融的锡，由于表面张力的影响向端子中部聚集而造成。
综上所述，对电镀雾锡产品的加热处理有各种各样的不同方式，能够在一定程度上解决了镀锡产品对电子回路的短路问题。然而，电镀雾锡产品经过热处理形成亮锡后，由于各种不同的原因所造成的锡膜厚分布不均匀的问题成为极待解决的课题。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此，本发明提出一种电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法，该电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法便于实施，具有加热功率大，可以精密控制温度，提高产品质量等优点。
根据本发明实施例的电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法，能够将产品表面的电镀雾锡加热形成为亮锡，所述表面处理方法为：通过红外线对所述电镀雾锡产品的表面进行加热。
根据本发明实施例的电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法，通过红外线对电镀雾锡产品的表面进行加热，不仅能够利用红外线的辐射能量使产品表面的电镀雾锡加热形成为亮锡，可以精密控制温度，还能够提高镀锡膜厚的均匀性，具有加热效率高，加热速度快等优点。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述红外线由红外辐射器发射产生。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述红外辐射器包括多个间隔开设置的加热区域，所述表面处理方法包括：S1、根据所述红外辐射器的位置设定所述电镀雾锡产品的活动路径，所述活动路径包括待加热位置和加热位置；S2、将所述电镀雾锡产品置于所述待加热位置，并使所述电镀雾锡产品需要加热的一面朝向所述红外辐射器；S3、打开所述红外辐射器进行预热后，控制所述电镀雾锡产品沿所述活动路径依次经过多个所述加热区域分别进行局部加热后输出。
根据本发明一个实施例，所述红外辐射器包括两个，两个所述红外辐射器相对设置，每个所述红外辐射器分别设有多个所述沿所述活动路径的长度方向间隔开布置的加热区域，在步骤S1中，所述活动路径位于两个所述红外辐射器之间，所述电镀雾锡产品的两侧分别设有电镀雾锡。
根据本发明一个实施例，两个所述红外辐射器对称设在所述活动路径两侧。
根据本发明一个实施例，在步骤S3中，两个所述红外辐射器同时打开以对所述电镀雾锡产品的两侧同时进行加热。
根据本发明一个实施例，步骤S3还包括：在打开所述红外辐射器预热之前，预设所述红外辐射器中每个所述加热区域的加热温度。
根据本发明一个实施例，多个所述加热区域的加热温度依次增加。
根据本发明一个实施例，在步骤S3中，控制所述电镀雾锡产品沿所述活动路径匀速运动。
根据本发明一个实施例，在步骤S3中，所述电镀雾锡产品在每个所述加热区域加热至预定温度的时间小于1s。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本发明实施例的电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法的流程示意图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的应用表面处理方法的表面处理装置的结构示意图；
图3是根据本发明一实施例的表面处理方法的红外辐射管水平设置的结构示意图；
图4是根据本发明又一实施例的表面处理方法的红外辐射管竖直设置的结构示意图；
图5是根据本发明又一实施例的表面处理方法的红外辐射管倾斜设置的结构示意图；
图6是根据本发明的实施例1的电镀雾锡产品的结构示意图；
图7是根据本发明的实施例2的电镀雾锡产品的结构示意图；
图8是根据本发明的实施例3的电镀雾锡产品的结构示意图；
图9是根据本发明的实施例4的电镀雾锡产品的结构示意图；
图10是根据本发明的实施例5的电镀雾锡产品的结构示意图；
图11是根据本发明的实施例6的电镀雾锡产品的结构示意图；
图12是根据本发明的实施例7的电镀雾锡产品的结构示意图；
图13是根据本发明的实施例7的电镀雾锡产品的立体结构示意图；
图14是根据本发明的实施例1与对比例1的膜厚比较图；
图15是根据本发明的实施例2与对比例2的膜厚(导电功能区域)比较图；
图16是根据本发明的实施例2与对比例2的膜厚(焊接区域)比较图；
图17是根据本发明的实施例3与对比例3的膜厚比较图；
图18是根据本发明的实施例4与对比例4的膜厚比较图；
图19是根据本发明的实施例5与对比例5的膜厚(导电功能区域)比较图；
图20是根据本发明的实施例5与对比例5的膜厚(焊接区域)比较图；
图21是根据本发明的实施例6与对比例6的膜厚(导电功能区域)比较图；
图22是根据本发明的实施例6与对比例6的膜厚(焊接区域)比较图；
图23是根据本发明的实施例7与对比例7的膜厚(端子正面)比较图；
图24是根据本发明的实施例7与对比例7的膜厚(端子反面)比较图。
附图标记：
红外辐射器20；红外辐射管23；电镀雾锡产品200。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
下面参考附图具体描述根据本发明实施例的电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法。
根据本发明实施例的电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法，能够将产品表面的电镀雾锡加热形成为亮锡，表面处理方法为：通过红外线对电镀雾锡产品200的表面进行加热。
换言之，根据本发明实施例的电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法，将红外线照射到电镀雾锡产品200的表面，通过红外线热源以辐射方式加热，采用红外线辐射能够将产品表面的电镀雾锡加热形成为亮锡，采用红外线进行加热，加热速度快，加热速度快，加热时间最快可达1S达到设置的温度，热效率高，使用安全可靠，实用性强。
根据本发明实施例的表面处理方法中的电镀原材料可以是铜、铜合金以及不锈钢等带材，也可以是用这些带材冲压而成的连续端子。这些带材和连续端子经过连续电镀生产线，先将原材料整体电镀得到铜层或镍层，然后在指定区域上电镀雾锡。可以根据产品要求的不同，除电镀雾锡以外，还可以在导电功能区域上电镀金等。带材或连续端子的板厚范围是0.1mm～0.8mm，宽度范围是6mm～10mm，电镀铜膜厚范围是0.7μm～1.3μm，电镀镍膜厚范围是1.3μm～2.5μm，电镀雾锡的膜厚范围是1.0μm～3.5μm。
另外，根据本发明实施例的微小区域带材和端子的电镀雾锡产品200可以是由硫酸盐电镀溶液电镀得到，也可以是由甲基磺酸盐溶液电镀得到的产品。
根据本发明的一个实施例，红外线由红外辐射器发射产生，使用方便。优选地，根据本发明实施例的红外辐射器20选用辐射强度最高的短波型红外线，波长为1.2μm～2μm。
进一步地，红外辐射器20包括多个间隔开设置的加热区域，表面处理方法包括：S1、根据红外辐射器20的位置设定电镀雾锡产品200的活动路径，活动路径包括待加热位置和加热位置；S2、将电镀雾锡产品200置于待加热位置，并使电镀雾锡产品200需要加热的一面朝向红外辐射器20；S3、打开红外辐射器20进行预热后，控制电镀雾锡产品200沿活动路径依次经过多个加热区域分别进行局部加热后输出。具体地，红外辐射器20可以包括多个加热区域，在活动路径的至少一侧可设有红外辐射器20，活动路径上可设有至少一个加热位置，每个加热位置上可设有至少一个加热区域。当电镀雾锡产品200沿着活动路径经过每个加热位置时，电镀雾锡产品200上与加热区域相对应的部分能够受到红外线辐射加热。
其中，红外辐射器20可以沿着与活动路径的长度方向相垂直的方向设有多个加热区域，加热区域能够与电镀雾锡产品200的沿高度方向延伸的部分相对应，也就是说，当电镀雾锡产品200活动至对应的加热位置时，可以对沿电镀雾锡产品200的高度方向的部分对应的加热区域选择开启或者关闭，能够实现对于电镀雾锡产品200的高度方向的加热区域的选择，针对性强。需要说明的是，红外辐射器20也可以沿着与活动路径的长度方向设有多个加热区域，当电镀雾锡产品200沿着活动路径活动时，电镀雾锡产品200在活动的同时，能够依次经过多个加热区域，可以对相同或者不同的位置进行加热。
根据本发明的一个实施例，电镀雾锡产品200可以构成长度沿活动路径延伸的板形件。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，加热区域可以形成为直形区域，直形区域的延伸方向可以与加热路径平行、垂直或者倾斜，具体可以根据电镀雾锡产品200的形状选择。加热区域也可以形成为圆形等其他形状，相比而言，形成为直形区域的红外辐射器20的安装更加方便，辐射区域覆盖范围较大，加热效率高。
根据本发明的一个实施例，红外辐射器20可包括多个红外辐射管23。加热区域的多个红外辐射管23可沿上下方向依次间隔开分布或者沿水平方向依次间隔开分布，每个红外辐射管23能够对活动经过的产品200的对应的区域进行加热。可选地，加热区域的多个红外辐射管23可以沿与加热路径平行、垂直或者倾斜方向设置，便于安装，同时也能够在有限的空间内提高红外辐射管23的安装数量。
根据本发明的一个实施例，红外辐射器20包括两个，两个红外辐射器20相对设置，每个红外辐射器20分别设有多个沿活动路径的长度方向间隔开布置的加热区域，在步骤S1中，活动路径位于两个红外辐射器20之间，电镀雾锡产品200的两侧分别设有电镀雾锡，也就是说，能够同时对电镀雾锡产品200的两侧进行红外线加热，实现内外同时加热。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，两个红外辐射器20对称设在活动路径两侧，提高镀锡均匀性，电镀雾锡产品200的两侧分别设有电镀雾锡，可以根据实际情况选择两个红外辐射器20中的至少一个开启，实现对于产品200两侧的至少一侧进行加热。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在步骤S3中，两个红外辐射器20同时打开以对电镀雾锡产品200的两侧同时进行加热，进一步提高内外两侧的镀锡膜厚的均匀性。
根据本发明的一个实施例，步骤S3还包括：在打开红外辐射器20预热之前，预设红外辐射器20中每个加热区域的加热温度，能够进一步提高加热效率。
进一步地，多个加热区域的加热温度依次增加。
根据本发明的一个实施例，考虑到微小端子连续带材的特点，加热区域的数量可 以为三个，分为第一预热区域A、第二保温区域B和第三加热区域C，该三个区域设置在同一炉膛内，每个区域可以设置红外辐射器20，每个红外辐射器20的温度能分别进行设定并能够精密控制。并且，在第三加热区域C加热熔融后，产品200能够尽快冷却，由此，对于微小连续区域的电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法具有能够快速加热处理微小区域的电镀雾锡产品，对电镀雾锡处理区域选择性高并且对其他区域的表面电镀金属无影响，温度控制精密稳定，能最大限度利用红外辐射能量达到节约能源等优点。需要说明的是，还可以根据其它具体情况设置其它数量的加热区域。
根据本发明的一个实施例，为了最大限度发挥光热效率节约能源，对连续微小区域的电镀雾锡产品加热处理成亮锡的处理方法必须满足第一预热区域A预热，第二保温区域B保温和第三加热区域C加热处理是一个完整体，即三个区域要在同一个炉膛内，并且各个区域的设定温度要达到精密可控。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，为保证炉膛内第一预热区域A、第二保温区域B和第三加热区域C所设定的产品表面的温度持续恒定，需要使炉膛内各区域的空气温度要低于各区域的产品表面温度，并且空气温度要保持恒定；炉膛内的热空气的排出和冷空气的吸入依据设定的炉膛空气温度为基准进行自动控制。
可选地，第一预热区域A的加热温度为180℃～190℃，第二保温区域B能够将产品200大致保温在200℃。
根据本发明的一个实施例，第一预热区域A、第二保温区域B和第三加热区域C分别可采用沿上下方向间隔开分布的多个红外辐射管23，并且所采用的红外辐射管23的聚光可调范围均为1mm～3mm。产品200需要加热的面的长度方向与活动路径方向一致，宽度方向与活动路径方向相垂直，也就是说，当活动路径方向为水平方向时，产品200的宽度方向为上下方向。当要处理的产品宽度为2mm～3mm时，红外辐射管23的可使用聚光范围为：2mm≦聚光范围≦3mm，此时三个区域对应的多个红外辐射管23中分别采用最下层的红外辐射管23即能够达到要求。当产品200的两侧均设有红外辐射管23时，三个区域一共需要六支红外辐射管23。当要处理的产品宽度为2mm～6mm时，红外辐射管23的可使用聚光范围为：2mm≦聚光范围≦6mm，此时三个区域对应的多个红外辐射管23中分别使用从最下层开始的第一层和第二层的红外辐射管23即能够达到要求。当产品200的两侧均设有红外辐射管23时，三个区域一共需要使用十二支。当要处理的产品宽度为2mm～9mm时，红外辐射管23的可使用聚光范围为：2mm≦聚光范围≦9mm，此时三个区域对应的多个红外辐射管23中分别使用从最下层开始的第一层、第二层和第三层的红外辐射管23即能够达到要求。当产品200的两侧均设有红外辐射管23时，三个区域一共需要使用十八支。也就是说，本发明实施例的表面处理方法能够根据产品宽度，选择红外辐射管23的使用数量，能选择性地将电镀雾锡产品高效率转换成亮锡并且保证对微小导电功能区域的镀金部分不会产生影响，在保证电镀产品的质量同时，能够最大限度利用红外线的辐射能量。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，微小区域连续电镀雾锡产品与对应的红外辐射管23之间的合适范围是20mm≦距离≦80mm。其中，微小区域连续电镀雾锡产品与两侧的红外辐射管23的距离可在范围：10mm≦距离≦110mm，当红外辐射管23与产品距离＜20mm时，由于与产品200之间的距离太近，在生产出现意外时，有可能产品擦伤红外辐射管23；当红外辐射管23与产品距离＞80mm时，由于与产品之间的距离太远，红外辐射管23的光效率降 低，不能最大限度利用红外线的辐射能量。由此，产品与一侧以及两侧的红外辐射管23的距离范围为：20mm≦距离≦80mm。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B分别采用沿上下方向依次间隔开分布的多层红外辐射管23，例如采用三层红外辐射管23，每层红外辐射管23沿上下方向的宽度为3mm，沿活动路径的长度方向为300mm，红外辐射管23可以分布于产品的两侧。也就是说，第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B中单侧可一共设有六支，双侧可一共设有十二支。对于第三加热区域C中的红外辐射管23的安装方式可以包括以下三种方式：
(1)第三加热区域C中采用沿上下方向依次间隔开分布的三层红外辐射管23，可安装于产品200的两侧，每层的红外辐射管23沿水平方向延伸，红外辐射管23沿上下方向的宽度为3mm，沿活动路径的长度方向的长度为200mm，当产品200的两侧均有红外辐射管23时，第三加热区域C的产品的双侧一共有六支红外辐射管23。
(2)第三加热区域C中采用沿活动路径的长度方向间隔开分布的三排红外辐射管23，每排红外辐射管23沿上下方向延伸。并且每排红外辐射管23的宽度为3mm，长度为20mm，此处的宽度为沿活动路径的长度方向的尺寸，长度为与活动路径的方向相垂直的沿上下方向的尺寸。当产品200的两侧均设有红外辐射管23时，第三加热区域C的产品200的双侧一共可设有六支红外辐射管23。
(3)第三加热区域C中根据电镀雾锡产品的倾斜角度，按与水平方向的夹角范围为：0°＜夹角＜180°范围，在产品的至少一侧配置红外辐射管23。第三加热区域C对应的红外辐射管23的宽度为3mm，长度为20mm，当产品200的两侧均设有红外辐射管23时，第三加热区域C的产品的双侧一共可设有六支红外辐射管23。
也就是说，根据连续端子的电镀雾锡区域的形状不同，可以从上述方式中选择一种最适合的红外辐射管23的配置方式进行加热处理。也就是说，对按一定速度连续运行的微小区域的连续电镀雾锡产品采用聚光可调的红外辐射器20进行加热处理，根据电镀雾锡产品形状的不同对需要加热的区域可选择性调节红外辐射器20的设置方向位置，并且对选择区域的温度进行精密设定和控制。当微小区域的电镀雾锡产品要加热的区域在X方向呈条状时，红外辐射器20按X方向配置以达到最大限度利用红外辐射能量；电镀雾锡产品需要加热的区域是Y方向的时候，红外辐射器20需按Y方向配置以达到最大限度利用红外辐射能量；同样，电镀雾锡产品要加热的区域与X方向的夹角在0°＜夹角＜180°范围时，红外线辐射器20也按夹角0°＜夹角＜180°范围配置以达到最大限度利用红外线的辐射能量。
根据本发明的一个实施例，本发明实施例的表面处理方法可适用于结构千变万化的连续微小端子以及连续带材，在连续微小端子以及连续带材沿着活动轨迹的运行速度为4m/min时，可以根据产品的电镀雾锡区域的大小，对表面处理方法的三个区域分为以下不同情况进行选择使用：
(1)在微小区域的连续端子电镀雾锡宽度范围≦2mm时，只使用第二保温区域B和第三加热区域C。
(2)在微小区域的连续端子电镀雾锡宽度范围>2mm并且≦9mm时，三个区域都使用。
(3)在微小区域的连续带材的电镀雾锡宽度范围≧1mm并且≦9mm时，三个区域都必须使用。
也就是说，根据不同情况选择使用加热区域，能够防止过多使用不必要的能源，有效地节约和利用能源。
也就是说，对于连续带材电镀雾锡产品宽度9mm，微小导电功能区域电镀雾锡4.5mm，电镀雾锡焊脚区域是2.5mm的产品，导电功能区域和引脚区域之间必须至少保有2.0mm的镀镍隔离区的电镀雾锡产品的加热处理；由于两区域的电镀雾锡面积不同，红外辐射器加热处理条件需要分别设定。同时必须做到各个区域的红外辐射器加热处理的条件互不干扰，并能够达到精密设定条件并且能够精密控制温度的要求。
并且，连续端子产品的冲压面即正面具有较光滑的表面，切断面拐角比较圆滑；而反面相对是不光滑表面，切断面拐角规则有序；因此，即使是正反两面结构完全相同的条件下，由于表面的光滑度和拐角的差异，有可能会引起红外线加热处理的正反两面的温度条件是不相同的，要保证做到正反两面的锡膜厚都是分布均匀的话，必须要精密确证温度条件。
根据本发明的一个实施例，当连续微小端子以及连续带材的运行速度超过4m/min时，对所有雾锡产品进行加热处理时，表面处理方法的三个区域都必须使用；并且要适当调节第三加热区域C的设定温度才能有效地将连续端子或带材的电镀雾锡产品转换为亮锡产品。
由此，根据本发明实施例的表面处理方法对于按一定速度连续运行的微小连续端子的电镀雾锡产品可以用聚光可调红外辐射器处理装置进行加热，能够将它们转换成亮锡产品。并且，采用本发明实施例的表面处理方法可以选择性加热处理微小区域的电镀雾锡产品，而不影响其他电镀区域的性能。根据连续端子的雾锡区域的位置方向，通过调节红外辐射器20安装位置及方向，可选择性加热处理各种位置的连续端子电镀雾锡产品，从而能最大限度利用红外线的辐射能量，节约能源降低电镀生产成本。
在本发明的一些具体实施方式中，在步骤S3中，控制电镀雾锡产品200沿活动路径匀速运动，提高镀锡厚度均匀性。
根据本发明的一个实施例，在步骤S3中，电镀雾锡产品200在每个加热区域加热至预定温度的时间小于1s，最高温度可高达1200℃，不会因为局部高温影响到产品其它区域的表面。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明实施例的表面处理方法进行具体说明。
实施例1
(1)制备加热处理用电镀雾锡原材料1
原材料1为微小区域连续端子的电镀雾锡产品，其宽度为8.7mm，导电功能区域镀金范围为1.8mm；电路板焊锡用引脚区域电镀雾锡范围为2.0mm；端子整体镀镍膜厚1.3μm～2.1μm。导电功能区域和引脚区域之间必须至少保有2.0mm的镀镍隔离区。该电镀原材料可以预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到。
(2)表面处理
如图1、图2和图6所示，首先，将绕有电镀雾锡原材料1的材料圆盘设置于简易放料盘上，从原材料圆盘中拉出电镀雾锡连续端子材料通过表面处理方法的进口的定位治具进入炉膛，并将电镀雾锡材料穿过炉膛内的定位治具和产品导正治具，通过设备出口的定位治具和驱动导轮完成产品的准备工作，定位治具、产品导正治具和驱动导轮可以配合形成 为轨道。
然后，在第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B的炉膛内使用最下层开始的第二层单侧一支、双侧二支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为3mm，管长为300mm，按X方向水平设置；第三加热区域C使用最下层开始的第二层单侧一支、双侧二支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为3mm，管长为200mm，按X方向水平设置。通过第一预热区域A、第二保温区域B和第三加热区域C相配合，能够用于加热电镀雾锡范围2.0mm的区域。
其中，第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B从最下层开始的第二层的产品两侧共4处的温度，采用红外辐射温度控制仪4支分别进行监控；第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第二层两侧共2处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度仪2支进行监控。
电镀产品的运行速度设定为4m/min，红外辐射管23与处理产品之间的距离设定为20mm；将电镀雾锡产品转化成亮锡的条件为：第一预热区域A从最下层开始的第二层两侧2处的温度180℃，第二保温区域B的从最下层开始的第二层两侧2处的温度200℃，第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第二层两侧2处的温度245℃。
按上述条件处理后得到亮锡产品，采取样品测膜厚，并对得到的样品进行以下测试：
外观监测，镀锡区域表面平滑光亮符合检查要求，并且镀金1.8mm范围没有变色符合要求；锡膜厚测试：使用膜厚测试仪，镀锡2.0mm范围内每间隔0.2mm测一个数据。
对比例1：该对比亮锡预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到，其加热方式采用高频感应加热处理。
实施例2
(1)制备加热处理用电镀雾锡原材料2
原材料2为微小区域连续带材的电镀雾锡产品，其宽度为9.0mm，导电功能区域电镀雾锡范围为4.5mm；电路板焊锡用引脚区域电镀雾锡范围为2.5mm；端子整体镀镍膜厚1.3μm～2.1μm。导电功能区域和引脚区域之间必须至少保有2.0mm的镀镍隔离区。该电镀原材料可以预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到。
(2)表面处理
如图1、图2和图7所示，首先，将绕有电镀雾锡原材料2的材料圆盘设置于简易放料盘上，从原材料圆盘中拉出电镀雾锡连续端子材料通过表面处理方法的进口的定位治具进入炉膛，并通过设备出口的定位治具和驱动导轮完成产品的准备工作，定位治具和驱动导轮可以配合形成为轨道。
然后，在第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B的炉膛内使用最下层开始的第二层和第三层的单侧四支、双侧八支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为2×3mm，管长为300mm，按X方向水平设置；第三加热区域C使用最下层开始的第二层和第三层的单侧二支、双侧四支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为2×3mm，管长为200mm，按X方向水平设置。通过第一预热区域A、第二保温区域B和第三加热区域C相配合，能够用于加热电镀雾锡范围4.5mm的区域。
在第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B的炉膛内使用最下层开始的第一层单侧、二支双侧四支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为3mm，管长为300mm， 按X方向水平设置；第三加热区域C使用最下层开始的第一层的单侧一支、双侧二支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为3mm，管长为200mm，按X方向水平设置。通过第一预热区域A、第二保温区域B和第三加热区域C相配合，能够用于对应电镀雾锡范围2.0mm的区域。
其中，第一预热区域A、第二保温区域B从最下层开始的第二层和第三层的产品两侧共8处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度控制仪8支进行监控；第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧共4处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度仪4支进行监控，多支红外辐射温度仪相互配合能够用来监控电镀雾锡范围4.5mm区域的温度。
第一预热区域A、第二保温区域B从最下层开始的第一层的产品两侧共4处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度控制仪4支进行监控；第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第一层两侧共2处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度仪2支进行监控，多支红外辐射温度仪相互配合能够用来监控电镀雾锡范围2.0mm区域的温度。
电镀雾锡产品的运行速度设定为4m/min，红外辐射管23与处理产品之间的距离设定为20mm。
将电镀雾锡范围4.5mm转换成亮锡的条件为：第一预热区域A从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度190℃，第二保温区域B的从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度205℃，第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度250℃。
将电镀雾锡范围2.5mm转换成亮锡的条件为：第一预热区域A从最下层开始的第一层两侧2处的温度180℃，第二保温区域B的从最下层开始的第一层两侧2处的温度195℃，第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第一层两侧2处的温度240℃。
按上述条件处理后得到亮锡产品，采取样品测膜厚，并对得到的样品进行以下测试：
外观监测，镀锡区域表面平滑光亮符合检查要求；锡膜厚测试：使用膜厚测试仪，导电功能区域电镀雾锡范围4.5mm，每间隔0.2mm测一个数据；电路板焊锡用引脚区域电镀雾锡范围2.5mm，每间隔0.2mm测一个数据。
对比例2：该对比亮锡预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到，其加热方式采用过热水蒸气加热处理。
实施例3
(1)制备加热处理用电镀雾锡原材料3
原材料3为微小区域连续端子的电镀雾锡产品，其宽度为9.7mm，导电功能区域电镀雾锡范围为4.5mm；电路板焊锡用引脚区域电镀雾锡范围为2.0mm，该引脚处雾锡不需要加热变成亮锡。端子整体镀镍膜厚1.3μm～2.1μm。导电功能区域和引脚区域之间必须至少保有2.0mm的镀镍隔离区。该电镀原材料预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到。
(2)表面处理
如图1、图2和图8所示，首先，将绕有电镀雾锡原材料3的材料圆盘设置于简易放料盘上，从原材料圆盘中拉出电镀雾锡连续端子材料通过表面处理方法的定位治具进入炉膛，并将电镀雾锡材料穿过炉膛内的定位治具和产品导正治具，最后通过设备出口的定位治具和驱动导轮完成产品的准备工作，定位治具、产品导正治具和驱动导轮可以配合形成为轨道。
然后，在第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B的炉膛内使用最下层开始的第二层和第三层的单侧四支、双侧八支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为2×3mm，管长为300mm，按X方向水平设置；第三加热区域C使用最下层开始的第二层和第三层的单侧二支、双侧四支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为2×3mm，管长为200mm，按X方向水平设置，通过第一预热区域A、第二保温区域B和第三加热区域C相配合相配合，能够用于加热上层电镀雾锡范围4.5mm的区域。
在第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B采用短波红外辐射管23，第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B从最下层开始的第二层和第三层的产品两侧共8处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度控制仪8支进行监控；第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧共4处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度仪4支进行监控，通过多支红外辐射温度控制仪相互配合能够用来监控电镀雾锡范围4.5mm区域的温度。第三加热区域C下层开始的第一层短波聚光可调红外辐射管23和红外辐射温度控制仪关闭不使用。
微小区域的电镀雾锡产品的运行速度设定为4m/min，红外辐射管23与处理产品之间的距离设定为20mm。
将电镀雾锡范围4.5mm转换成亮锡的条件为：第一预热区域A从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度190℃，第二保温区域B的从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度200℃，第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度255℃。
按上述条件处理后得到亮锡产品，采取样品测膜厚，并对得到的样品进行以下测试：
外观监测，镀锡区域表面平滑光亮符合检查要求；锡膜厚测试：使用膜厚测试仪，电镀雾锡范围6.0mm，每间隔0.2mm测一个数据。
对比例3：该对比亮锡预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到，其加热方式为热风机加热处理。
实施例4
(1)制备加热处理用电镀雾锡原材料4
原材料4为微小区域连续端子的电镀雾锡产品，其宽度为8.0mm，连续端子整体镀镍膜厚为1.3μm～2.1μm。除去连续端子的定位孔2.0mm区域外，电镀雾锡范围为6.0mm。该电镀原材料可以预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到。
(2)表面处理
如图1、图2和图9所示，首先，将绕有电镀雾锡原材料4的材料圆盘设置于简易放料盘上，从原材料圆盘中拉出电镀雾锡连续端子材料通过表面处理方法的进口的定位治具进入炉膛，并将电镀雾锡材料穿过炉膛内的定位治具和产品导正治具，最后通过设备出口的定位治具和驱动导轮完成产品的准备工作，定位治具、产品导正治具和驱动导轮可以配合形成为轨道。
然后，在第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B的炉膛内使用最下层开始的第二层和第三层的单侧四支、双侧八支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为2×3mm，管长为300mm，按X方向水平设置；第三加热区域C使用最下层开始的第二层和第三层的单侧二支、双侧四支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为2×3mm，管长为200mm，按X方向水平设置，也就是说，在炉膛内在表面处理产品两侧分别设置红 外辐射器。
第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B从最下层开始的第二层和第三层的产品两侧共8处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度控制仪8支进行监控；第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧共4处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度仪4支进行监控，通过采用多支红外辐射温度仪相配合，能够用来监控电镀雾锡范围6.0mm区域的温度。
第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B的温度分别采用红外辐射温度控制仪4支进行监控；第三加热区域C上中层分别采用红外辐射温度控制仪4支进行监控。
电镀产品的运行速度设定为4m/min，红外辐射管23与处理产品之间的距离设定为20mm。
将电镀雾锡范围6.0mm转换成亮锡的条件为：第一预热区域A从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度180℃，第二保温区域B的从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度200℃，第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度245℃。按上述条件处理后得到亮锡产品，采取样品测膜厚。对得到的样品进行以下测试：外观监测，镀锡区域表面平滑光亮符合检查要求；锡膜厚测试：使用膜厚测试仪，电镀雾锡范围6.0mm，每间隔0.2mm测一个数据。
对比例4：该对比亮锡预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到，其加热方式采用热风机加热处理。
实施例5
(1)制备加热处理用电镀雾锡原材料5
原材料5为微小区域连续端子的电镀雾锡产品，其宽度为9.5mm，连续端子整体镀镍膜厚1.3μm～2.1μm；连续端子的电镀雾锡范围为9.5mm。该电镀原材料可以预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到。
(2)表面处理
如图1、图2和图10所示，首先，将绕有电镀雾锡原材料5的材料圆盘设置于简易放料盘上，从原材料圆盘中拉出电镀雾锡连续端子材料通过表面处理方法的进口的定位治具进入炉膛，并将电镀雾锡材料穿过炉膛内的定位治具和产品导正治具，最后通过设备出口的定位治具和驱动导轮完成产品的准备工作，定位治具、产品导正治具和驱动导轮可以配合形成为轨道。
然后，在第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B的炉膛内使用最下层开始的第二层和第三层的单侧四支、双侧八支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为2×3mm，管长为300mm，按X方向水平设置；第三加热区域C使用最下层开始的第二层和第三层的单侧二支、双侧四支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为2×3mm，管长为200mm，按X方向水平设置，通过多支红外辐射管23相互配合能够用来加热电镀雾锡范围5.0mm的区域。
在第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B的炉膛内使用最下层开始的第一层单侧二支双侧四支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为3mm，管长为300mm，按X方向水平设置；第三加热区域C使用最下层开始的第一层的单侧一支、双侧二支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为3mm，管长为200mm，按X方向水平设置，通过多支红外辐射管23相互配合能够用来对应电镀雾锡范围2.0mm的区域。
第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B从最下层开始的第二层和第三层的产品两侧共8处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度控制仪8支进行监控；第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧共4处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度仪4支进行监控，通过多支红外辐射温度控制仪相互配合能够用来监控电镀雾锡范围5.0mm区域的温度。
第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B从最下层开始的第一层的产品两侧共4处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度控制仪4支进行监控；第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第一层两侧共2处的温度，分别采用红外辐射温度仪2支进行监控，多支红外辐射温度仪相互配合能够用来监控电镀雾锡范围2.5mm区域的温度；第三加热区域C上中层的温度分别采用红外辐射温度控制仪4支进行监控；第三加热区域C下层的温度采用红外辐射温度控制仪2支进行监控。
电镀雾锡产品的运行速度设定为4m/min，红外辐射管23与处理产品之间的距离设定为20mm。
将电镀雾锡范围5.0mm转换成亮锡的条件为：第一预热区域A从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度190℃，第二保温区域B的从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度200℃，第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度255℃。
将电镀雾锡范围2.5mm转换成亮锡的条件为：第一预热区域A从最下层开始的第一层两侧2处的温度180℃，第二保温区域B的从最下层开始的第一层两侧2处的温度190℃，第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第一层两侧2处的温度245℃。
按上述条件处理后得到亮锡产品，采取样品测膜厚，并对得到的样品进行以下测试：
外观监测，镀锡区域表面平滑光亮符合检查要求；锡膜厚测试：使用膜厚测试仪，电功能区域电镀雾锡范围5.0mm，每间隔0.2mm测一个数据；电路板焊锡用引脚区域电镀雾锡范围2.5mm，每间隔0.2mm测一个数据。
对比例5：该对比亮锡预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到，其加热方式采用高频感应加热处理。
实施例6
(1)制备加热处理用电镀雾锡原材料6
原材料6为微小区域连续端子的电镀雾锡产品，其宽度为9.5mm，连续端子整体镀镍膜厚1.3μm～2.1μm；导电功能区域电镀雾锡范围为3.5mm；电路板焊锡用引脚区域电镀雾锡范围为2.0mm；导电功能区域和引脚区域之间必须至少保有2.0mm的镀镍隔离区。该电镀原材料可以预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到。
连续端子的电镀雾锡范围9.5mm。该电镀原材料预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到。
(2)表面处理
如图1、图2和图11所示，首先，将绕有电镀雾锡原材料6的材料圆盘设置于简易放料盘上，从原材料圆盘中拉出电镀雾锡连续端子材料通过表面处理方法的进口的定位治具进入炉膛，并将电镀雾锡材料穿过炉膛内的定位治具和产品导正治具，最后通过设备出口的定位治具和驱动导轮完成产品的准备工作，定位治具、产品导正治具和驱动导轮可以配合形成为轨道。
然后，在第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B的炉膛内使用最下层开始的第二层和第三层的单侧四支、双侧八支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为2×3mm，管长为300mm，按X方向水平设置；第三加热区域C使用上层倾斜设置的全部单侧五支、双侧十支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为5×3mm，管长为50mm，倾斜角度按电镀雾锡3.5mm区域与X方向的夹角0°＜夹角＜180°来计算。通过第一预热区域A、第二保温区域B和第三加热区域C相配合，能够用于加热电镀雾锡范围3.5mm的区域。
在第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B的炉膛内使用最下层开始的第一层单侧二支、双侧四支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为3mm，管长为300mm，按X方向水平设置；第三加热区域C使用下层水平设置的单侧一支、双侧二支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为3mm，管长为200mm，通过第一预热区域A、第二保温区域B和第三加热区域C相配合，能够用于对应电镀雾锡范围2.0mm的区域。分别采用多支红外辐射温度仪能够用来监控电镀雾锡范围3.5mm区域和2.0mm区域的温度。
电镀雾锡产品的运行速度设定为4m/min，红外辐射管23与处理产品之间的距离设定为20mm。
将电镀雾锡范围3.5mm转换成亮锡的条件为：第一预热区域A从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度190℃，第二保温区域B的从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度200℃，第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度255℃。
将电镀雾锡范围2.0mm转换成亮锡的条件为：第一预热区域A从最下层开始的第一层两侧2处的温度180℃，第二保温区域B的从最下层开始的第一层两侧2处的温度190℃，第三加热区域C从最下层开始的第一层两侧2处的温度245℃。第一预热区域A第二层和第三层的两层190℃，第二保温区域B第二层和第三层的两层200℃，第三加热区域C第二层和第三层的两层255℃，第三加热区域C第一层245℃。
按上述条件处理后得到亮锡产品，采取样品测膜厚，并对得到的样品进行以下测试：
外观监测，镀锡区域表面平滑光亮符合检查要求。锡膜厚测试：使用膜厚测试仪，导电功能区域电镀雾锡范围3.5mm，每间隔0.2mm测一个数据；电路板焊锡用引脚区域电镀雾锡范围2.0mm，每间隔0.2mm测一个数据。
对比例6：该对比亮锡预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到，其加热方式采用热风机加热处理。
实施例7
(1)制备加热处理用电镀雾锡原材料7
原材料7为微小区域连续带材的电镀雾锡产品，其宽度为9.0mm，整体电镀雾锡范围为6.0mm；端子整体镀镍膜厚1.3μm～2.1μm。该电镀原材料可以预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到。
(2)表面处理
如图1、图2、图12和图13所示，其中图13中D表示区域内所有表面亮Sn。首先，将绕有电镀雾锡原材料7的材料圆盘设置于简易放料盘上，从原材料圆盘中拉出电镀雾锡连续端子材料通过表面处理方法的进口的定位治具进入炉膛，最后通过设备出口的定位治具和 驱动导轮完成产品的准备工作，定位治具和驱动导轮可以配合形成为轨道。
然后，在第一预热区域A和第二保温区域B的炉膛内使用最下层开始的第二层和第三层的单侧四支、双侧八支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为2×3mm，管长为300mm，按X方向水平设置；第三加热区域C使用最前排开始的第二排到第五排共五排的单侧五支、双侧十支的短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，红外辐射管23的可处理宽度为5×3mm，管长为100mm，按与水平方向垂直进行设置(即竖立)。也就是是说，炉膛内在表面处理产品两侧设置短波聚光可调红外辐射管23，通过多支红外辐射温度仪1相互配合能够用来监控电镀雾锡范围6.0mm区域的温度。
电镀产品的运行速度设定为4m/min，红外辐射管23与处理产品之间的距离设定为20mm。
将电镀雾锡范围6.0mm转换成亮锡的条件为：第一预热区域A从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度190℃，第二保温区域B的从最下层开始的第二层和第三层两侧4处的温度205℃，第三加热区域C共五排两侧10处的温度250℃。
按上述条件处理后得到亮锡产品，采取样品测膜厚，并对得到的样品进行以下测试：
外观监测，镀锡区域表面平滑光亮符合检查要求；锡膜厚测试：使用膜厚测试仪3.5mm，端子正面，每间隔0.2mm测一个数据；端子反面每间隔0.2mm测一个数据。
对比例7：该对比亮锡预先从其他连续电镀生产线加工得到，其加热方式为过热水蒸气加热处理。
总而言之，根据本发明实施例的电镀雾锡产品200的表面处理方法，操作方便，不仅能够实现红外辐射加热，还能够根据加热需求实现内外同时加热，并且还可以局部选择性处理，针对性强。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法，能够将产品表面的电镀雾锡加热形成为亮锡，其特征在于，所述表面处理方法为：通过红外线对所述电镀雾锡产品的表面进行加热。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述红外线由红外辐射器发射产生。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述红外辐射器包括多个间隔开设置的加热区域，所述表面处理方法包括：
    S1、根据所述红外辐射器的位置设定所述电镀雾锡产品的活动路径，所述活动路径包括待加热位置和加热位置；
    S2、将所述电镀雾锡产品置于所述待加热位置，并使所述电镀雾锡产品需要加热的一面朝向所述红外辐射器；
    S3、打开所述红外辐射器进行预热后，控制所述电镀雾锡产品沿所述活动路径依次经过多个所述加热区域分别进行局部加热后输出。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述红外辐射器包括两个，两个所述红外辐射器相对设置，每个所述红外辐射器分别设有多个所述沿所述活动路径的长度方向间隔开布置的加热区域，在步骤S1中，所述活动路径位于两个所述红外辐射器之间，所述电镀雾锡产品的两侧分别设有电镀雾锡。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，两个所述红外辐射器对称设在所述活动路径两侧。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，在步骤S3中，两个所述红外辐射器同时打开以对所述电镀雾锡产品的两侧同时进行加热。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤S3还包括：在打开所述红外辐射器预热之前，预设所述红外辐射器中每个所述加热区域的加热温度。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，多个所述加热区域的加热温度依次增加。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，在步骤S3中，控制所述电镀雾锡产品沿所述活动路径匀速运动。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，在步骤S3中，所述电镀雾锡产品在每个所述加热区域加热至预定温度的时间小于1s。
PCT/CN2020/113176 2019-09-19 2020-09-03 电镀雾锡产品的表面处理方法 Ceased WO2021052182A1 (zh)

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