WO2021083362A1 - 天线装置及电子设备 - Google Patents

天线装置及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021083362A1
WO2021083362A1 PCT/CN2020/125466 CN2020125466W WO2021083362A1 WO 2021083362 A1 WO2021083362 A1 WO 2021083362A1 CN 2020125466 W CN2020125466 W CN 2020125466W WO 2021083362 A1 WO2021083362 A1 WO 2021083362A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
slot
current
electronic device
wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/125466
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王汉阳
李元鹏
周大为
常乐
周海
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to US17/773,381 priority Critical patent/US12283743B2/en
Priority to KR1020227017634A priority patent/KR102738542B1/ko
Priority to EP20882060.5A priority patent/EP4040596A4/en
Priority to JP2022525234A priority patent/JP7381741B2/ja
Publication of WO2021083362A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021083362A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
    • H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
    • H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
    • H01Q5/371—Branching current paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
    • H01Q5/385—Two or more parasitic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna device used in electronic equipment.
  • Multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technology plays a very important role in the 5th generation (5G) wireless communication system.
  • 5G 5th generation
  • mobile terminals such as mobile phones
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna device, which can cover more frequency bands while achieving miniaturization of the antenna.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, which includes an antenna device.
  • the antenna device may include a strip conductor, and the strip conductor is provided with a feeding point and a grounding point. among them,
  • the feeding point can be set in the middle of the strip conductor.
  • the feed point can be connected to a feed source.
  • the positive pole of the feed source can be connected to the feed point, and the negative pole of the feed source can be connected to the ground (such as the floor).
  • the grounding point can be set near the feeding point.
  • the grounding point can be connected to the grounding branch.
  • the grounding stub can be used to connect to the ground (such as the floor).
  • near may mean that the length between the feeding point and the ground terminal A of the grounding stub is less than 1/4 of the operating wavelength 1. That is, the sum of the distance L BC from the feeding point to the grounding point and the length L CA of the grounding stub is less than 1/4 of the operating wavelength 1.
  • the first current has opposite directions on both sides of the feeding point, and the second current has the same direction on both sides of the feeding point.
  • the first current is the current in the CM line antenna mode
  • the second current is the current in the DM line antenna mode. Since there are two currents with different frequencies on the strip conductor: the first current and the second current, two different resonance frequencies can be generated on the strip conductor.
  • the first current may be referred to as the first current
  • the second current may be the second current.
  • the aforementioned operating wavelength 1 (ie, the operating wavelength of the CM line antenna mode) can be calculated based on the frequency f1 of the first current.
  • the working wavelength 1 of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Among them, ⁇ is the relative permittivity of the medium.
  • the aforementioned operating wavelength 1 may be referred to as the first wavelength.
  • the antenna design scheme provided in the first aspect can use a strip conductor to excite two wire antenna modes: CM wire antenna mode and DM wire antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands while miniaturizing the antenna.
  • the electronic device may include a floor, and the grounding branch may be specifically connected to the floor.
  • a third current can be distributed on the floor, and the frequency of the third current is different from the frequencies of the first current and the second current, and specifically can be lower than the frequencies of the first current and the second current.
  • the electronic device may include a metal frame, and the strip conductor is a part of the metal frame of the electronic device.
  • the part of the metal frame may be a metal frame located at the bottom of the electronic device, or a metal frame located at the top of the electronic device.
  • the grounding branch may connect the metal frame and the floor, and may be, for example, a metal spring sheet that is provided on the floor and connected to a strip conductor.
  • the floor may include: the printed circuit board PCB floor of the electronic equipment, and the metal middle frame of the electronic equipment.
  • the feeding point may deviate from the middle position of the strip conductor to cover more frequency bands. At this time, the grounding stub does not need to be set near the feeding point, that is, the grounding stub can be removed. There may be more currents with different frequencies on the strip conductor.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, which may include an antenna device.
  • the antenna device may include: a metal plate provided with a groove, wherein:
  • the middle position of the first side of the groove may be provided with an opening.
  • the positive pole of the feed is connected to the first side of the slot
  • the negative pole of the feed is connected to the second side of the slot.
  • the first position may be set near the opening 33.
  • near may mean that the distance L3 between the feeding position 35 and the opening 33 is less than 1/4 of the operating wavelength 2.
  • working wavelength 2 may be referred to as the first wavelength.
  • the first current and the second current have different frequencies.
  • the first current is distributed in the same direction around the slot; the second current is distributed around the slot in opposite directions on both sides of the opening .
  • the first current is the current in the CM slot antenna mode, and the second current is the current in the DM slot antenna mode.
  • the first wavelength is determined by the frequency of the first current.
  • the antenna design solution provided in the second aspect can use a slotted conductor to excite two slot antenna modes: CM slot antenna mode and DM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands while miniaturizing the antenna.
  • the electronic device may include a floor, and the metal plate may be a floor.
  • the floor may include: the printed circuit board PCB floor of the electronic equipment, and the metal middle frame of the electronic equipment.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, which includes an antenna device.
  • the antenna device may include: at least one wire antenna and a slot antenna, and the slot antenna may include a metal plate provided with a slot, wherein,
  • a feed source can be connected to the middle position of the slot antenna, the positive pole of the feed source is connected to one side of the slot, and the negative pole of the feed source is connected to the other side of the slot.
  • the wire antenna can be parallel to the plane where the metal plate is located.
  • the intersection of the projection of the wire antenna on the metal plate and the slot can be located in the middle of the projection, and the distance between the intersection and the middle of the slot antenna can be less than 1/2 The first wavelength.
  • the first wavelength is the operating wavelength of the slot antenna.
  • the slot antenna may be distributed with a first current surrounding the slot, the first current has opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the slot antenna, and the second current with the same direction is distributed on the wire antenna.
  • the fed slot antenna works in the DM slot antenna mode
  • it can also couple one or more wire antennas to work in the DM wire antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the wire antenna can be designed as a suspended antenna arranged on the back cover, does not occupy the design space inside the electronic device, and is less affected by internal components.
  • the distance from the wire antenna to the plane where the metal plate is located may be less than the first distance, such as less than 1 millimeter. It should be understood that the smaller the coupling distance, the stronger the coupling effect. This application does not limit the specific value of the coupling distance, as long as the branch antenna can be coupled to the suspended wire antenna.
  • the at least one wire antenna may be two or more wire antennas with different lengths.
  • the projections of the two or more wire antennas on the metal plate can be parallel to each other.
  • the two or more wire antennas may be in the same first plane, and the first plane may be parallel to the plane where the metal plate is located. Since the respective lengths are different, the frequencies of the second currents distributed on the two or more wire antennas are also different.
  • the wire antenna may be a suspended antenna, which may be disposed on the inner surface of the back cover, or may be disposed on the outer surface of the back cover, or embedded in the back cover.
  • the wire antenna can be a metal strip pasted on the inner surface of the back cover, or it can be printed on the inner surface of the back cover using conductive silver paste.
  • the electronic device may include a floor, and the metal plate may be a floor.
  • the floor may include: the printed circuit board PCB floor of the electronic equipment, and the metal middle frame of the electronic equipment.
  • the present application provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes an antenna device.
  • the antenna device may include a wire antenna and a slot antenna.
  • the middle position of the wire antenna may be connected with a feed source, that is, the feeding position of the wire antenna may be the middle position of the wire antenna.
  • the positive pole of the feed source can be connected to one side of the intermediate position, and the negative pole of the feed source is connected to the other side of the intermediate position.
  • the slot antenna may include a metal plate and a slot.
  • the slot antenna can be formed by slotting a metal plate (such as a PCB floor).
  • the tank can be filled with materials such as polymers, glass, ceramics, or a combination of these materials.
  • the wire antenna can be parallel to the plane of the slot antenna and perpendicular to the slot of the slot antenna.
  • This plane can be called the slotted plane, that is, the plane where the aforementioned metal plate is located.
  • the projection of the wire antenna on the slotted surface and the slot of the slot antenna may intersect in the middle of the projection.
  • the distance L6 between the projection of the line antenna on the slotted surface and the intersection A of the slot and the middle position B of the slot antenna can be greater than 1/8 of the working wavelength 4 and less than 1/2 of the working wavelength 4.
  • Operating wavelength 4 refers to the operating wavelength of the slot antenna.
  • the working wavelength 4 may be referred to as the first wavelength.
  • the slot antenna is distributed with reverse currents surrounding the slot and on both sides of the middle position of the slot antenna; the wire antenna is distributed with currents in the same direction on both sides of the middle position.
  • the coupled slot antenna can also work in the DM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the wire antenna can be designed as a suspended antenna arranged on the back cover, does not occupy the design space inside the electronic device, and is less affected by internal components.
  • the fed wire antenna can also be coupled with more slot antennas of different sizes to cover more frequency bands.
  • the wire antenna may be a suspended antenna, which may be disposed on the inner surface of the back cover, or may be disposed on the outer surface of the back cover, or embedded in the back cover.
  • the wire antenna can be a metal strip pasted on the inner surface of the back cover, or it can be printed on the inner surface of the back cover using conductive silver paste.
  • the electronic device may include a floor, and the metal plate may be a floor.
  • the floor may include: the printed circuit board PCB floor of the electronic equipment, and the metal middle frame of the electronic equipment.
  • the present application provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes an antenna device.
  • the antenna device may include a wire antenna and a slot antenna.
  • the line antenna has a feeding point, and the feeding point can be set in the middle of the line antenna.
  • the feed point is connected to the positive pole of the feed, and the negative pole of the feed is connected to the ground.
  • the slot antenna may include a metal plate provided with a slot, and an opening may be opened at the middle position of the first side of the slot.
  • Wire antenna The middle position of the wire antenna can be perpendicular to the plane where the metal plate is located.
  • the positive pole of the feed source connected to the wire antenna is located on one side of the opening, and the negative pole of the feed source connected to the wire antenna is located on the other side of the opening.
  • the slot antenna can be distributed with currents in the same direction around the slot.
  • the wire antenna can be distributed with currents in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the wire antenna.
  • the fed wire antenna works in the CM wire antenna mode
  • it can also couple the slot antenna to work in the CM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the fed wire antenna can also be coupled with more slot antennas of different sizes to cover more frequency bands.
  • the electronic device may include a floor, and the metal plate may be a floor.
  • the floor may include: the printed circuit board PCB floor of the electronic equipment, and the metal middle frame of the electronic equipment.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes an antenna device, the antenna device may include: a wire antenna, a slot antenna, the slot antenna includes a metal plate with a slot, wherein,
  • An opening may be opened in the middle of the first side of the slot, and a feed source may be connected to the opening.
  • the positive pole of the feed source is connected to one side of the opening, and the negative pole of the feed source is connected to the other side of the opening.
  • the middle position of the line antenna of the line antenna may be perpendicular to the plane where the metal plate is located, the positive pole of the feed source connected to the line antenna may be located on one side of the opening, and the negative pole of the feed source connected to the line antenna may be located on the other side of the opening.
  • the slot antenna can be distributed with currents in the same direction around the slot, and the wire antenna can be distributed with currents in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position.
  • the coupled wire antenna can also work in the CM wire antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the electronic device may include a floor, and the metal plate may be a floor.
  • the floor may include: the printed circuit board PCB floor of the electronic equipment, and the metal middle frame of the electronic equipment.
  • the present application provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes an antenna device.
  • the antenna device may include a wire antenna and a slot antenna.
  • the line antenna may have a feeding point, and the feeding point may be set in the middle of the line antenna.
  • the feed point is connected to the positive pole of the feed, and the negative pole of the feed is connected to the ground.
  • the slot antenna may include a metal plate provided with a slot.
  • the wire antenna can be parallel to the slot antenna, and the line between the middle position of the wire antenna and the middle position of the slot antenna can be perpendicular to both the wire antenna and the slot antenna;
  • the wire antenna can be distributed with currents in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position.
  • the slot antenna can be distributed with reverse currents surrounding the slot and on both sides of the middle position of the slot antenna.
  • the fed line antenna works in the CM line antenna mode
  • it can also couple the slot antenna to work in the DM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the fed wire antenna can also be coupled with more slot antennas of different sizes to cover more frequency bands.
  • the electronic device may include a floor, and the metal plate may be a floor.
  • the floor may include: the printed circuit board PCB floor of the electronic equipment, and the metal middle frame of the electronic equipment.
  • the present application provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes an antenna device.
  • the antenna device may include a wire antenna and a slot antenna.
  • the slot antenna may include a metal plate provided with a slot.
  • a feed can be connected to the middle position of the slot antenna, the positive pole of the feed is connected to one side of the slot antenna, and the negative pole of the feed is connected to the other side of the slot antenna.
  • the wire antenna can be parallel to the slot antenna, and the line between the middle position of the wire antenna and the middle position of the slot antenna can be perpendicular to both the wire antenna and the slot antenna.
  • the wire antenna can be distributed with currents in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position, and the slot antenna can be distributed with reverse currents surrounding the slot and on both sides of the middle position of the slot antenna.
  • the coupled line antenna can also work in the CM line antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the fed slot antenna can also be coupled with more wire antennas of different sizes to cover more frequency bands.
  • the electronic device may include a floor, and the metal plate may be a floor.
  • the floor may include: the printed circuit board PCB floor of the electronic equipment, and the metal middle frame of the electronic equipment.
  • the present application provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes an antenna device.
  • the antenna device may include a wire antenna and a slot antenna.
  • the middle position of the wire antenna can be connected with a feed source, the positive pole of the feed source is connected to one side of the middle position, and the negative pole of the feed source is connected to the other side of the middle position.
  • the slot antenna may include a metal plate provided with a slot, and an opening may be opened at the middle position of the first side of the slot.
  • the wire antenna can be parallel to the slot antenna, and the line between the middle position of the wire antenna and the middle position of the slot antenna can be perpendicular to both the wire antenna and the slot antenna;
  • the wire antenna can be distributed with currents in the same direction on both sides of the middle position of the wire antenna, and the slot antenna can be distributed with currents in the same direction surrounding the slot.
  • the coupled slot antenna can also work in the CM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the wire antenna can be designed as a suspended antenna arranged on the back cover, does not occupy the design space inside the electronic device, and is less affected by internal components.
  • the fed wire antenna can also be coupled with more slot antennas of different sizes to cover more frequency bands.
  • the electronic device may include a floor, and the metal plate may be a floor.
  • the floor may include: the printed circuit board PCB floor of the electronic equipment, and the metal middle frame of the electronic equipment.
  • the present application provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes an antenna device.
  • the antenna device may include a wire antenna and a slot antenna.
  • the slot antenna includes a metal plate that can be opened with a slot, and an opening can be opened at the middle position of the first side of the slot.
  • a feed source can be connected to the opening, the positive pole of the feed source is connected to one side of the opening, and the negative pole of the feed source is connected to the other side of the opening.
  • the wire antenna can be parallel to the slot antenna, and the line between the middle position of the wire antenna and the middle position of the slot antenna can be perpendicular to both the wire antenna and the slot antenna.
  • the wire antenna can be distributed with currents in the same direction on both sides of the middle position of the wire antenna, and the slot antenna can be distributed with currents in the same direction surrounding the slot.
  • the coupled line antenna can also work in the DM line antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the wire antenna can be designed as a suspended antenna arranged on the back cover, does not occupy the design space inside the electronic device, and is less affected by internal components.
  • the fed wire antenna can also be coupled with more slot antennas of different sizes to cover more frequency bands.
  • the electronic device may include a floor, and the metal plate may be a floor.
  • the floor may include: the printed circuit board PCB floor of the electronic equipment, and the metal middle frame of the electronic equipment.
  • the present application provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes an antenna device.
  • the antenna device may include: strip-shaped branches and slots,
  • the strip-shaped branches and grooves can be parallel to each other.
  • the groove can be formed by grooving the floor.
  • the first side of the groove is close to the strip-shaped branch, and the first side may be provided with an opening.
  • the opening can be specifically arranged at the middle position of the first side edge or at a position deviating from the middle position.
  • the strip-shaped stub may have a connection point B, and the grounding stub may be connected at the connection point B.
  • the grounding stub can be used to connect the first side of the groove and the strip-shaped stub at one end of the opening (end C).
  • a feed point A can be set on the strip-shaped branch, and the feed point A can be used to connect the feed source. Specifically, the positive pole of the feed source is connected to the feed point A, and the negative pole of the feed source is connected to the first side of the slot at the other end (end D) of the opening.
  • the distance L8 between the feeding point A and the connection point B on the strip-shaped branch can be less than 1/4 of the working wavelength5.
  • Operating wavelength 5 refers to the operating wavelength of the striped branch, that is, the operating wavelength of the CM line antenna mode. In the eleventh aspect, the operating wavelength 5 may be referred to as the first wavelength.
  • the currents distributed on the strip-shaped branches are in the same direction; the currents in the same direction around the groove are distributed on the metal plate.
  • the antenna design scheme provided by the eleventh aspect combines the CM line antenna and the CM slot antenna to obtain an antenna structure with the branch characteristics of both the CM line antenna and the CM slot antenna.
  • CM line antenna mode and CM slot antenna mode can be excited, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes an antenna device, the antenna device may include: a strip conductor, a slot, wherein,
  • the slot can be opened on the strip conductor, and the slot opening direction of the slot can be perpendicular to the extending direction of the strip conductor; the slot in the middle position of the strip conductor can be perpendicular to the strip conductor.
  • a feed source can be connected to the middle position of the slot, the positive pole of the feed source is connected to one side of the slot, and the negative pole of the feed source is connected to the other side of the slot.
  • the strip conductor can be distributed with currents in the same direction on both sides of the middle position of the slot.
  • the strip conductor can also be distributed with reverse currents surrounding the slot on both sides of the middle position of the slot.
  • the antenna design scheme provided by the twelfth aspect can have both DM wire antenna and DM slot antenna stub characteristics by slotting on the strip conductor, and can excite two slot antenna modes through the feed design. : DM line antenna mode and DM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands while miniaturizing the antenna.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes an antenna device, the antenna device may include: strip-shaped branches, slots, wherein,
  • the strip-shaped branch and the groove are parallel to each other; the groove is opened on the metal plate; the middle position of the strip-shaped branch is connected with the first branch, and the first branch is used to connect the first side of the groove; the middle position of the groove is connected with the feed source, The first side of the positive connection groove of the feed source, and the second side of the negative connection groove of the feed source;
  • the strip-shaped stubs are distributed with currents in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the strip-shaped stubs; the metal plate is distributed with reverse currents surrounding the groove and on both sides of the middle position of the groove.
  • the antenna design scheme provided in the thirteenth embodiment can excite the CM line antenna pattern and the DM slot antenna through the antenna structure with the stub characteristics of the CM line antenna and the DM slot antenna, combined with the feed design of the single feed. Mode, can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the present application provides an electronic device that includes an antenna device, and the antenna device may include: strip-shaped branches and slots, wherein:
  • the strip-shaped branches and grooves can be parallel to each other.
  • the groove can be formed by grooving the floor.
  • the first side of the groove is close to the strip-shaped branch, and the first side may be provided with an opening.
  • the opening can be specifically arranged at the middle position of the first side edge or at a position deviating from the middle position.
  • the strip-shaped branch may have a first connection point and a second connection point.
  • the strip-shaped branch can connect to the first branch at the first connection point, and the strip-shaped branch can connect to the second branch at the second connection point.
  • the first branch can be used to connect the first side of the groove and the strip-shaped branch at one end of the opening (end C).
  • the second branch can be used to connect the first side of the groove and the strip-shaped branch at the other end (D end) of the opening.
  • the feed can be connected to the opening.
  • the positive pole of the feed is connected to the first stub at one end of the opening (end C), and the negative pole of the feed is connected to the second stub at the other end of the opening (end D).
  • the antenna design scheme provided by the fourteenth aspect combines the DM line antenna and the CM slot antenna to obtain an antenna structure that has both the branch characteristics of the DM line antenna and the CM slot antenna. Through the single feed design, it can excite the DM line antenna mode and the CM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device on which the antenna design solution provided by the present application is based;
  • FIG. 2A shows the CM wire antenna provided by this application
  • FIG. 2B shows a schematic diagram of the current and electric field distribution of the CM line antenna mode provided by the present application
  • Figure 3A shows the DM wire antenna provided by the present application
  • FIG. 3B shows the current and electric field distribution of the DM wire antenna mode provided by the present application
  • Figure 4A shows the CM slot antenna provided by the present application
  • FIG. 4B shows the distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current of the CM slot antenna mode provided by the present application
  • Figure 5A shows the DM slot antenna provided by the present application
  • FIG. 5B shows the distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current of the DM slot antenna mode provided by the present application
  • 6A-6B show the characteristic modes of the strip conductor
  • Fig. 7A shows the antenna design scheme provided by implementation 1;
  • FIG. 7D shows the implementation of the antenna design solution provided by Embodiment 1 in the actual whole machine
  • Fig. 7E shows the S11 simulation of the antenna shown in Fig. 7D;
  • Fig. 8A shows an expansion scheme of implementation 1
  • FIG. 8B-8E show the current distribution of the antenna structure shown in FIG. 8A;
  • Figures 9A-9B show two characteristic modes of the slotted metal plate
  • FIG. 10A shows the antenna design scheme provided by implementation 2
  • 10B-10C show the current distribution of the antenna structure provided by implementation 2;
  • Figure 11A shows an extended scheme of implementation 1
  • FIG. 11B-11E show the current distribution of the antenna structure shown in FIG. 11A;
  • Figures 12A-12B show the antenna design solutions provided in the third implementation
  • Fig. 12C shows a resonance mode generated by the antenna structure shown in Figs. 12A-12B;
  • 13A-13B show the antenna design scheme provided by the fourth implementation
  • Fig. 13C shows a resonance mode generated by the antenna structure shown in Figs. 13A-13B;
  • 13D-13E show the current distribution of each resonance in FIG. 13C;
  • Fig. 14C shows a resonance mode generated by the antenna structure shown in Figs. 14A-14B;
  • Figures 15A-15B show the antenna design solutions provided by the seventh implementation.
  • Fig. 15C shows a resonance mode generated by the antenna structure shown in Figs. 15A-15B;
  • 15D-15E show the current distribution of each resonance in FIG. 15C;
  • Figure 16 shows the antenna design scheme provided by the eighth implementation
  • Figure 17A shows the antenna design scheme provided by the ninth implementation
  • 17B-17C show the mode current and the mode electric field of the antenna structure shown in FIG. 17A;
  • Figure 18 shows the antenna design scheme provided by the tenth implementation
  • FIG. 19A shows the antenna design solution provided by the eleventh implementation
  • FIG. 19B shows a resonance mode generated by the antenna structure shown in FIG. 19A;
  • Figures 19C-19D show the current distributions of some resonances in Figure 19B;
  • FIG. 19E shows the electric field distribution of some resonances in FIG. 19B
  • FIG. 20A shows the antenna design scheme provided by the twelfth implementation
  • 20B-20C show the mode current and the mode electric field of the antenna structure shown in FIG. 20A;
  • Figure 20D shows the extended scheme of implementation twelve
  • FIG. 20E shows a resonance mode generated by the antenna structure shown in FIG. 20D;
  • FIG. 21A shows the antenna design solution provided by the implementation thirteen
  • FIG. 21B shows a resonance mode generated by the antenna structure shown in FIG. 21A;
  • 21C-21E show the current distribution of each resonance in FIG. 21B;
  • Figure 22A shows the antenna design solution provided by the fourteenth implementation
  • FIG. 22B shows a resonance mode generated by the antenna structure shown in FIG. 22A;
  • 22C-22E show the current distribution of each resonance in FIG. 22B.
  • the technical solution provided in this application is applicable to electronic devices that use one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, global positioning system (GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, Wi -Fi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (LTE) communication technology , 5G communication technology, SUB-6G communication technology and other future communication technologies.
  • the electronic device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), etc.
  • Fig. 1 exemplarily shows the internal environment of the electronic device on which the antenna design solution provided in this application is based.
  • the electronic device 10 may include: a glass cover 13, a display 15, a printed circuit board PCB17, a housing 19 and a back cover 21.
  • the glass cover 13 can be arranged close to the display screen 15 and can be mainly used to protect the display screen 15 from dust.
  • the printed circuit board PCB17 can be a FR-4 dielectric board, a Rogers dielectric board, or a mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, and so on.
  • FR-4 is a code name for the grade of flame-resistant material
  • Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board.
  • a metal layer can be provided on the side of the printed circuit board PCB17 close to the housing 19, and the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of the PCB17.
  • the metal layer can be used to ground the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB17 to prevent users from getting electric shock or equipment damage.
  • This metal layer can be called a PCB floor.
  • the electronic device 10 may also have other floors for grounding, such as a metal middle frame.
  • the shell 19 mainly supports the whole machine.
  • the housing 19 may include a peripheral conductive structure 11, and the structure 11 may be formed of a conductive material such as metal.
  • the structure 11 can extend around the periphery of the electronic device 10 and the display screen 15, and the structure 11 can specifically surround the four sides of the display screen 15 to help fix the display screen 15.
  • the structure 11 made of a metal material can be directly used as a metal frame of the electronic device 10 to form the appearance of a metal frame, which is suitable for a metal ID.
  • the outer surface of the structure 11 may also be provided with a non-metal frame, such as a plastic frame, to form the appearance of a non-metal frame, which is suitable for a non-metal ID.
  • the back cover 21 may be a back cover made of a metal material, or a back cover made of a non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, and other non-metal back covers.
  • FIG. 1 only schematically shows some components included in the electronic device 10, and the actual shape, actual size, and actual structure of these components are not limited by FIG. 1.
  • the electronic device 10 may adopt a full-screen industrial design (ID).
  • ID means a huge screen-to-body ratio (usually above 90%).
  • the frame width of the full screen is greatly reduced, and the internal components of the electronic device 10, such as the front camera, receiver, fingerprint reader, antenna, etc., need to be re-arranged.
  • the headroom area is reduced, and the antenna space is further compressed.
  • the size, bandwidth, and efficiency of the antenna are interrelated and affect each other. If the size (space) of the antenna is reduced, the efficiency-bandwidth product of the antenna is bound to decrease.
  • the antenna design solution provided in this application can realize a miniaturized multi-mode antenna and cover more frequency bands.
  • CM Common mode
  • the wire antenna 101 is connected to the feed at an intermediate position 103.
  • the positive pole of the feed is connected to the middle position 103 of the online antenna 101, and the negative pole of the feed is connected to the ground (for example, the floor).
  • FIG. 2B shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 101.
  • the current is reversed on both sides of the middle position 103, showing a symmetrical distribution; the electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 103.
  • the current at the feeder 102 is distributed in the same direction.
  • the feed shown in FIG. 2A can be referred to as a wire antenna CM feed.
  • the wire antenna pattern shown in FIG. 2B can be referred to as a CM wire antenna pattern.
  • the current and electric field shown in FIG. 2B can be respectively referred to as the current and electric field of the CM line antenna mode.
  • the current and electric field of the CM wire antenna mode are generated by the two horizontal branches of the wire antenna 101 on both sides of the middle position 103 as 1/4 wavelength antennas.
  • the current is strong at the middle position 103 of the in-line antenna 101 and weak at both ends of the in-line antenna 101.
  • the electric field is weak at the middle position 103 of the line antenna 101, and strong at both ends of the line antenna 101.
  • the wire antenna 104 is connected to the feed at an intermediate position 106.
  • the positive pole of the feed is connected to one side of the middle position 106, and the negative pole of the feed is connected to the other side of the middle position 106.
  • FIG. 3B shows the current and electric field distribution of the wire antenna 104.
  • the current is in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 106, showing an antisymmetric distribution; the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 106.
  • the current at the feeder 105 exhibits a reverse distribution.
  • the feed shown in FIG. 3A can be referred to as a wire antenna DM feed.
  • the wire antenna pattern shown in FIG. 3B may be referred to as a DM wire antenna pattern.
  • the current and electric field shown in FIG. 3B can be referred to as the current and electric field of the DM line antenna mode, respectively.
  • the current and electric field of the DM wire antenna mode are generated by the entire wire antenna 104 as a 1/2-wavelength antenna.
  • the current is strong at the middle position 106 of the in-line antenna 104, and weak at both ends of the in-line antenna 104.
  • the electric field is weak at the middle position 106 of the line antenna 104, and strong at both ends of the line antenna 104.
  • the slot antenna 108 may be formed by slotting on the floor.
  • An opening 107 is provided on one side of the groove 109, and the opening 107 can be specifically opened in the middle of the side.
  • the opening 107 can be connected to a feed source.
  • the positive pole of the feed source can be connected to one side of the opening 107, and the negative pole of the feed source can be connected to the other side of the opening 107.
  • FIG. 4B shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of the slot antenna 108.
  • the current is distributed in the same direction around the slot 109 on the conductor (such as the floor) around the slot 109, the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the slot 109, and the magnetic current is on both sides of the middle position of the slot 109.
  • the distribution is reversed.
  • the electric field at the opening 107 that is, the feeder
  • the magnetic current at the opening 107 that is, the feeder
  • the slot antenna CM feeding can be referred to as slot antenna CM feeding.
  • the slot antenna pattern shown in FIG. 4B can be referred to as a CM slot antenna pattern.
  • the electric field, current, and magnetic current shown in Fig. 4B can be distributed called the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the CM slot antenna mode.
  • the current and electric field of the CM slot antenna mode are generated by the slot antenna bodies on both sides of the middle position of the slot antenna 108 as 1/4 wavelength antennas.
  • the current is weak at the middle position of the slot antenna 108 and strong at both ends of the slot antenna 108.
  • the electric field is strong at the middle position of the slot antenna 108 and weak at both ends of the slot antenna 108.
  • the slot antenna 110 may be formed by slotting on the floor.
  • the feeder is connected to the middle position 112 of the slot antenna 110.
  • the middle position on one side of the slot 114 is connected to the positive pole of the feed source, and the middle position on the other side of the slot 114 is connected to the negative pole of the feed source.
  • FIG. 5B shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of the slot antenna 110.
  • the current is distributed around the slot 114, and is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the slot 114, and the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 112.
  • the magnetic current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the intermediate position 112.
  • the magnetic current at the feed is distributed in the opposite direction (not shown).
  • the feed shown in FIG. 5A can be referred to as a slot antenna DM feed.
  • the slot antenna pattern shown in FIG. 5B can be referred to as a DM slot antenna pattern.
  • the electric field, current, and magnetic current shown in FIG. 5B can be distributed as the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the DM slot antenna mode.
  • the current and electric field of the DM slot antenna mode are generated by the entire slot antenna 110 as a 1/2-wavelength antenna.
  • the current is weak at the middle position of the slot antenna 110 and strong at both ends of the slot antenna 110.
  • the electric field is strong at the middle position of the slot antenna 110 and weak at both ends of the slot antenna 110.
  • This application provides the following antenna design solutions, which will integrate multiple antenna modes among the above four antenna modes to cover more frequency bands and achieve miniaturization of the antenna.
  • a feeder design is performed on a conductor of a specific shape to excite certain two antenna modes among the above four antenna modes.
  • two antenna modes can be excited from a conductor of a specific shape, and multiple frequency bands can be covered while the antenna is miniaturized.
  • a conductor of any shape can have multiple characteristic modes (characteristic modes).
  • One or several characteristic modes can be enhanced through the feed design, so as to select the desired characteristic mode.
  • Embodiment 1 for the strip conductor, two desired characteristic modes can be excited through the feed design.
  • the two expected characteristic modes are: the CM wire antenna pattern shown in FIGS. 2A-2B, and the DM wire antenna pattern shown in FIGS. 3A-3B.
  • the CM line antenna mode and the DM line antenna mode can be selected from a variety of characteristic modes of the strip conductor.
  • the characteristic mode shown in FIG. 6A is the CM wire antenna mode
  • the current on the strip conductor 111 is the CM wire antenna mode current, that is, the current on the strip conductor 111 exhibits a reverse distribution.
  • the characteristic mode shown in FIG. 6B is the DM line antenna mode.
  • the current on the strip conductor 111 is the DM line antenna mode current, that is, the current on the strip conductor 111 is distributed in the same direction.
  • FIG. 7A shows the antenna design solution provided by implementation 1.
  • the wire antenna provided by Embodiment 1 may include: a strip conductor 111, a feeding point 113, and a grounding point 115. among them:
  • the feeding point 113 may be arranged at the middle position of the strip conductor 111.
  • the feed point 113 can be connected to a feed source.
  • the positive pole of the feed source can be connected to the feed point 113, and the negative pole of the feed source can be connected to the ground (such as the floor).
  • the ground point 115 may be arranged near the feeding point 113.
  • the ground point 115 can be connected to the ground branch 117.
  • the grounding branch 117 can be used to connect to a ground (such as a floor).
  • the proximity may mean that the length between the feeding point 113 and the ground terminal A of the ground stub 117 is less than 1/4 of the operating wavelength 1. That is, the sum of the distance L BC between the feeding point 113 and the ground point 115 and the length L CA of the ground stub 117 is less than 1/4 of the operating wavelength 1.
  • Operating wavelength 1 refers to the operating wavelength of the CM line antenna mode of the line antenna shown in FIG. 7A. The following content will introduce the calculation method of operating wavelength 1, which will not be expanded here.
  • the feeding point 113 is arranged at the middle position of the strip conductor 111, so that the current at the middle position of the strip conductor 111 is strong, and the current at both ends of the strip conductor 111 is weak. In this way, it can be consistent with the current strength distribution of the aforementioned CM wire antenna mode, and can also be consistent with the current strength of the aforementioned DM wire antenna mode, so as to well couple the two characteristic modes of the strip conductor 111: CM wire antenna Mode and DM line antenna mode. In other words, the design of the feeding point 113 can excite the wire antenna shown in FIG. 7A to produce a CM wire antenna pattern and a DM wire antenna pattern.
  • the 7B and 7C respectively show two currents with different frequencies distributed on the strip conductor 111: a current 116 and a current 118.
  • the current 116 has opposite directions on both sides of the feeding point 113, and the current 118 has the same direction on both sides of the feeding point 113.
  • the current 116 is the current in the CM line antenna mode, and the current 118 is the current in the DM line antenna mode.
  • the current 116 is the 1/4 wavelength mode current generated by the horizontal branches 111-A and 111-B on both sides of the feeding point 113 of the strip conductor 111, and the current 118 is the 1/2 wavelength mode generated by the entire strip conductor 111. Current.
  • the strip conductor 111 has two currents with different frequencies: current 116 and current 118, two different resonance frequencies can be generated on the strip conductor 111.
  • the wire antenna shown in FIG. 7A can have at least two different working frequency bands. .
  • the current 116 can be referred to as the first current
  • the current 118 can be referred to as the second current.
  • the aforementioned operating wavelength 1 (ie, the operating wavelength of the CM wire antenna mode of the wire antenna shown in FIG. 7A) can be calculated based on the frequency f1 of the current 116 because the current 116 is the current of the CM wire antenna mode.
  • the working wavelength 1 of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Among them, ⁇ is the relative permittivity of the medium. In Embodiment 1, the aforementioned operating wavelength 1 may be referred to as the first wavelength.
  • FIG. 7D shows the implementation of the antenna design solution provided by Embodiment 1 in the actual whole machine.
  • the strip conductor 111 may be a part of the metal frame of the electronic device, such as a metal frame on the top or bottom of the electronic device.
  • the grounding branch 117 can connect the metal frame and the floor, and can be, for example, a metal shrapnel arranged on the floor to connect the strip conductor 111.
  • the grounding stub 117 may be arranged near the feeding point 113.
  • Fig. 7E shows an S11 simulation of the antenna shown in Fig. 7D.
  • the antenna can actually generate 3 resonances: resonance “1” (LB1), resonance “2” (LB2), and resonance “3” (LB2).
  • Resonance “1” is around 0.7GHz
  • resonance "2” is around 0.85GHz
  • resonance "3” is around 1.05GHz.
  • the resonance “2” can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the strip conductor 111, that is, the resonance of the DM wire antenna mode.
  • the resonance “3” can be generated by the quarter-wavelength mode of the strip conductor 111, that is, the resonance of the CM line antenna mode.
  • the resonance "1” can be generated by the quarter-wavelength mode of the strip conductor 111 stimulating the floor, and a current 120 is distributed on the floor.
  • the frequency of the current 120 may be different from the frequency of the current 116 and the current 118, and specifically may be lower than the frequency of the current 116 and the current 118.
  • the current 120 may be referred to as the third current.
  • the antenna design solution provided in Embodiment 1 can use one strip conductor to excite two wire antenna modes: a CM wire antenna mode and a DM wire antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands while miniaturizing the antenna.
  • the feeding point 113 may deviate from the middle position of the strip conductor 111 to cover more frequency bands.
  • the distance L1 from the feeding point 113 to one end of the strip conductor 111 is not equal to the distance L2 from the feeding point 113 to the other end of the strip conductor 111.
  • the strip conductor 111 can be divided into long stubs and short stubs.
  • the long stubs are the horizontal stubs with length L2 in Fig. 8A
  • the short stubs are the horizontal stubs with length L1 in Fig. 8A.
  • the grounding stub 117 does not need to be provided near the feeding point 113, that is, the grounding stub 117 can be removed.
  • the difference from the embodiment in FIG. 7A is that in the antenna structure shown in FIG. 8A, there may be more currents with different frequencies on the strip conductor 111: current 20, current 21, current 22, and current 23, respectively, as shown in FIG. 8B -As shown in Figure 8E.
  • the current 21 has the same direction on the entire strip conductor 111.
  • the current 20 is a 1/4-wavelength mode current generated by the long stub.
  • the current 21 is a current in the 1/2 wavelength mode generated by the entire strip conductor 111.
  • the current 22 is the current in the quarter-wavelength mode generated by the short stub.
  • the current 23 is a 3/4-wavelength mode current generated by the long stub. Since there may be more currents with different frequencies on the strip conductor 111, the antenna structure shown in FIG. 8A can cover more working frequency bands while achieving miniaturization of the antenna.
  • Embodiment 2 for a specific slotted conductor, through the feed design, two desired characteristic modes can be excited.
  • the two expected characteristic modes are: the CM slot antenna pattern shown in FIGS. 4A to 4B, and the DM slot antenna pattern shown in FIGS. 5A to 5B.
  • the CM slot antenna mode and the DM slot antenna mode can be selected from a variety of characteristic modes of the specific slotted conductor.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B show two characteristic modes of the slotted metal plate (without considering the feed).
  • the slotted metal plate is the specific slotted conductor selected in Embodiment 2, and may be, for example, a floor.
  • the slotted metal plate has slots 31, which can be realized by slotting on the floor.
  • An opening 33 is provided on one side of the groove 31, and the opening 33 can be specifically opened in the middle of the side.
  • the opening 33 can connect the groove 31 to the free space outside the groove 31.
  • the characteristic mode shown in FIG. 9A is the CM slot antenna mode
  • the current and electric field shown in FIG. 9A are the current and electric field of the CM slot antenna mode.
  • the characteristic mode shown in FIG. 9B is the DM slot antenna mode
  • the current and electric field shown in FIG. 9B are the current and electric field of the DM slot antenna mode.
  • the slotted conductor shown in FIGS. 9A to 9B can also have other characteristic modes, which will not be explained here.
  • FIG. 10A shows the antenna design solution provided by implementation 2.
  • the slot antenna provided in Embodiment 2 may include: a metal plate and a slot 31. among them:
  • the metal plate can be the floor.
  • the groove 31 can be realized by grooving a metal plate (for example, the floor).
  • One side of the groove 31 may be provided with an opening 33, and the opening 33 may be specifically opened in the middle of the side.
  • the groove 31 may be filled with materials such as polymers, glass, ceramics, or a combination of these materials.
  • the opening 33 may also be filled with materials such as polymers, glass, ceramics, or a combination of these materials.
  • a feed can be connected to the position 35 of the slot 31.
  • the positive pole of the feed is connected to one side of the slot 31, and the negative pole of the feed is connected to the other side of the slot 31.
  • the side connected to the positive electrode of the feed source can be referred to as the first side of the slot 31, and the side connected to the negative electrode of the feed source can be referred to as the second side of the slot 31.
  • the position 35 may be provided near the opening 33. Here, near may mean that the distance L3 between the feeding position 35 and the opening 33 is less than 1/4 of the operating wavelength 2.
  • Operating wavelength 2 is the operating wavelength of the CM slot antenna mode of the slot antenna shown in FIG. 10A.
  • the distance L3 can also be greater than 1/8 of the working wavelength 2 to facilitate implementation in the actual complete machine.
  • Feeding power near the opening 33 can make the current near the middle position of the slot 31 weak and the current at both ends of the slot 31 strong. In this way, it can be consistent with the current intensity distribution of the 1/4-wavelength mode of the CM slot antenna, and it can also be consistent with the current intensity of the 1/2-wavelength mode of the DM slot antenna, so that the opening shown in Fig. 10A can be well coupled.
  • the characteristic modes of the slot metal plate CM slot antenna mode and DM slot antenna mode.
  • the design of the feeding position 35 can excite the slot antenna shown in FIG. 10A to produce a CM slot antenna pattern and a DM slot antenna pattern.
  • the slot antenna shown in FIG. 10A may have two currents with different frequencies around the slot 31: current 36 and current 38.
  • the current 36 and the current 38 can be referred to as the first current and the second current, respectively.
  • the current 36 is distributed in the same direction around the slot 31.
  • the current 38 is distributed around the slot 31 and is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the opening 33.
  • the electric field 32 is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the opening 33, and has the same frequency as the current 36, which is the electric field of the CM slot antenna mode.
  • the electric field 34 is distributed in the same direction on the slot 31 and has the same frequency as the current 38, which is the electric field of the DM slot antenna mode.
  • the frequency f3 of the electric field 34 is higher than the frequency f4 of the electric field 32. Since the slot antenna shown in FIG. 10A has two electric fields with different frequencies: an electric field 32 and an electric field 34, the slot antenna may have at least two different operating frequency bands.
  • the aforementioned operating wavelength 2 (ie, the operating wavelength of the CM slot antenna mode) can be calculated based on the frequency f4 of the current 36 and the electric field 32, because the electric field 32 is the electric field of the CM slot antenna mode.
  • the working wavelength 2 of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Among them, ⁇ is the relative permittivity of the medium.
  • the aforementioned operating wavelength 2 may be referred to as the first wavelength.
  • the antenna design solution provided in Embodiment 2 can use one slotted conductor to excite two slot antenna modes: a CM slot antenna mode and a DM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands while miniaturizing the antenna.
  • the position of the opening 33 of the groove 31 may deviate from the middle position of the opening side of the groove 31 to cover more frequency bands.
  • the distance L4 from the opening 33 to one end of the slot 31 is not equal to the distance L5 from the opening 33 to the other end of the slot 31.
  • the slot antenna shown in FIG. 11A can be divided into: a long slot body and a short slot body.
  • the long slot body is a section of slot body with a length of L4 in FIG. 11A
  • the short slot body is shown in FIG. 11A.
  • the feeding position 35 can be designed near the opening 33. Regarding the meaning expressed in the vicinity, it is explained in the foregoing embodiment 2, and will not be repeated here.
  • the difference from the embodiment in FIG. 10A is that there may be more electric fields with different frequencies on the trough shown in FIG. 11A: electric field 50, electric field 51, electric field 52, and electric field 53, which can be shown in FIGS. 11B to 11E, respectively.
  • the electric field 50, the electric field 51, the electric field 52, and the electric field 53 are distributed in opposite directions on the groove 31.
  • the electric field 51 is distributed in the same direction on the horizontal branches 13.
  • the electric field 50 is an electric field in the quarter-wavelength mode generated by the long tank.
  • the electric field 51 is an electric field in the 1/2 wavelength mode generated by the entire slot antenna.
  • the electric field 52 is an electric field in the quarter-wavelength mode generated by the short tank.
  • the electric field 53 is an electric field in the quarter-wavelength mode generated by the long tank. Since the slot antenna shown in FIG. 11A may have more electric fields with different frequencies, the antenna structure shown in FIG. 11A can cover more operating frequency bands while achieving miniaturization of the antenna.
  • the wire antenna is coupled through the fed slot antenna, or the fed wire antenna is coupled with the slot antenna to form a coupled antenna structure to combine the wire antenna mode and the slot antenna mode among the above four antenna modes.
  • two antenna modes can be excited by feeding one antenna, and multiple frequency bands can be covered while the antenna is miniaturized.
  • the feeding antenna may be the DM slot antenna shown in FIG. 5A
  • the coupling antenna may be the DM wire antenna shown in FIG. 3A, which can excite the DM slot antenna pattern and the DM wire antenna pattern.
  • FIGS. 12A-12B show the antenna design solutions provided by implementation 3.
  • FIG. 12A shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna design solution
  • FIG. 12B shows a top plan schematic diagram of the antenna design solution.
  • the antenna structure provided in Embodiment 3 may include: at least one wire antenna 61 and a slot antenna 63. among them:
  • the wire antenna 61 may be the DM wire antenna shown in FIG. 3A.
  • the wire antenna 61 may be a suspended antenna, which may be arranged on the inner surface of the back cover 21, may also be arranged on the outer surface of the back cover 21, or may be embedded in the back cover 21.
  • the wire antenna 61 may be a metal strip pasted on the inner surface of the back cover 21, or it may be printed on the inner surface of the back cover 21 using conductive silver paste.
  • the slot antenna 63 may be the DM slot antenna shown in FIG. 5A.
  • the slot antenna 63 may include a metal plate and a slot 60.
  • the slot antenna 63 can be formed by slotting a metal plate (such as PCB 17).
  • a feed source may be connected to the middle position 65 of the slot antenna 63, that is, the feed position 65 of the slot antenna 63 may be located in the middle position.
  • the middle position on one side of the slot 60 can be connected to the positive pole of the feed source, and the middle position on the other side of the slot 60 can be connected to the negative pole of the feed source.
  • the groove 60 may be filled with materials such as polymers, glass, ceramics, or a combination of these materials.
  • the wire antenna 61 may be parallel to the plane where the slot antenna 63 is located and perpendicular to the slot 60 of the slot antenna 63.
  • This plane can be called the slotted plane, that is, the plane where the aforementioned metal plate is located.
  • the projection of the wire antenna 61 on the slotted surface and the slot 60 of the slot antenna 63 may intersect at the middle position of the projection.
  • the distance between the intersection 67 of the projection of the wire antenna 61 on the slotted surface and the slot 60 to the feeding position 65 of the slot antenna 63 may be less than 1/2 of the working wavelength 3.
  • the operating wavelength 3 refers to the operating wavelength of the slot antenna 63. In Embodiment 3, the working wavelength 3 may be referred to as the first wavelength.
  • the coupling distance between the wire antenna 61 and the fed slot antenna 63 may be the distance between the wire antenna 61 and the plane where the slot antenna 63 is located. The distance is less than the first distance, such as less than 1 millimeter. It should be understood that the smaller the coupling distance, the stronger the coupling effect. This application does not limit the specific value of the coupling distance, as long as the branch antenna 63 can be coupled to the suspended wire antenna 61.
  • the plane of the wire antenna 61 and the feeding slot antenna 63 may not be parallel.
  • the fed slot antenna 63 can also be coupled to the suspended wire antenna 61.
  • the coupling effect may be weaker than the coupling effect when the two are parallel.
  • the coupled antenna structure can produce resonance “1” near 1.6GHz, resonance "2" near 2.5GHz, and resonance "3” near 3.9GHz.
  • the resonance “1” can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the slot antenna 63.
  • the resonance “2” can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the longer wire antenna 61, and the resonance "3" can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the shorter wire antenna 61.
  • the current 71 of resonance "1" is distributed in the opposite direction around the slot 60 on the slot antenna 63, specifically, it is symmetrically opposite on both sides of the feeding point 65.
  • the current near the middle of the slot 60 is weak, and the current 71 is weak in the slot 60.
  • the current near both ends is strong.
  • the current 71 surrounding the groove 63 can be referred to as the first current.
  • the current 72 of resonance "2" is distributed in the same direction on the longer wire antenna 61, is strong in the middle of the wire antenna 61, and weak at both ends of the wire antenna 61. As indicated in FIG.
  • the current 73 of resonance “3” is distributed in the same direction on the shorter wire antenna 61, it is strong in the middle of the wire antenna 61, and weak at both ends of the wire antenna 61.
  • the current on the wire antenna 61 can be referred to as the second current.
  • the wavelength mode of resonance "1" generated by the slot antenna 63 is not restricted, and the resonance "1" can also be generated by the one-time wavelength mode, the three-half wavelength mode, and the like of the slot antenna 63.
  • the longer wire antenna 61 is not restricted to generate the wavelength mode of resonance "2", and the resonance "2" can also be generated by the three-half wavelength mode, the five-half wavelength mode, etc. of the longer wire antenna 61.
  • the shorter wire antenna 61 is not limited to the wavelength mode of resonance "3", and the resonance "3" can also be generated by the shorter wire antenna 61 in the three-half wavelength mode, the five-half wavelength mode, or the like.
  • the antenna structure may also have more wire antennas 61.
  • the fed slot antenna 63 can be coupled with more than two wire antennas 61 at the same time to cover more frequency bands.
  • the antenna structure may also have only one wire antenna 61.
  • the projections of two or more wire antennas 61 with different lengths on the slotted surface may be parallel to each other.
  • the two or more wire antennas 61 may be in the same plane, and the plane may be parallel to the slotted surface. This plane may be referred to as the first plane. Since the respective lengths are different, the frequencies of the second currents distributed on the two or more wire antennas 61 are also different.
  • the antenna structure exemplarily shown in Figures 12A-12B can also generate resonances in other frequency bands, which can be specifically adjusted by adjusting the radiation of each antenna in the antenna structure.
  • the size of the body (such as slot antenna 63, wire antenna 61) is set.
  • a frequency band refers to a frequency range.
  • the 2.5 GHz frequency band may refer to the frequency range from 2.4835 GHz to 2.5835 GHz, that is, the frequency range near 2.5 GHz.
  • the fed slot antenna 63 works in the DM slot antenna mode, it can also couple one or more wire antennas 61 to work in the DM wire antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the wire antenna 61 can be designed as a suspended antenna arranged on the back cover, does not occupy the design space inside the electronic device, and is less affected by internal components.
  • the antenna structure provided in Embodiment 4 can also excite the DM line antenna pattern and the DM slot antenna pattern.
  • the feeding antenna in Embodiment 4 may be the DM wire antenna shown in FIG. 3A
  • the coupling antenna may be the DM slot antenna shown in FIG. 5A.
  • FIGS. 12A to 12B show the antenna design solution provided by implementation 4.
  • FIG. 13A shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna design solution
  • FIG. 13B shows a top plan schematic diagram of the antenna design solution.
  • the antenna structure provided in Embodiment 4 may include: a wire antenna 81 and a slot antenna 83. among them:
  • the wire antenna 81 may be the DM wire antenna shown in FIG. 3A.
  • the middle position of the wire antenna 81 may be connected with a feed source, that is, the feeding position 85 of the wire antenna 81 may be the middle position of the wire antenna 81.
  • the positive pole of the feed source can be connected to one side of the intermediate position, and the negative pole of the feed source is connected to the other side of the intermediate position.
  • the wire antenna 81 may be a suspended antenna, which may be arranged on the inner surface of the back cover 21, may also be arranged on the outer surface of the back cover 21, or may be embedded in the back cover 21.
  • the slot antenna 83 may be the DM slot antenna shown in FIG. 5A.
  • the slot antenna 83 may include a metal plate and a slot 80.
  • the slot antenna 83 can be formed by slotting a metal plate (such as a PCB floor).
  • the groove 80 may be filled with materials such as polymers, glass, ceramics, or a combination of these materials.
  • the wire antenna 81 can be parallel to the plane where the slot antenna 83 is located and perpendicular to the slot 80 of the slot antenna 83.
  • This plane can be called the slotted plane, that is, the plane where the aforementioned metal plate is located.
  • the projection of the wire antenna 81 on the slotted surface and the slot 80 of the slot antenna 83 may intersect at the middle position of the projection.
  • the distance L6 from the intersection A of the projection of the wire antenna 81 on the slotted surface and the slot 80 to the middle position B of the slot antenna 83 may be greater than 1/8 of the operating wavelength 4 and less than 1/2 of the operating wavelength 4.
  • the operating wavelength 4 refers to the operating wavelength of the slot antenna 83. In Embodiment 4, the aforementioned operating wavelength 4 may be referred to as the first wavelength.
  • Embodiment 3 Regarding the related description of the coupling distance between the fed wire antenna 81 and the slot antenna 83, reference may be made to Embodiment 3, which will not be repeated here.
  • the coupled antenna structure can produce resonance "1” near 1.5GHz and resonance "2" near 2.1GHz.
  • the resonance “1” can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the wire antenna 81.
  • the resonance "2" can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the slot antenna 83.
  • FIG. 13D-13E exemplarily show the current distribution of resonance "1" and "2".
  • the current 91 of resonance "1" is distributed in the same direction on the line antenna 81. Specifically, the center of the line antenna 81 is strong, and the two ends of the line antenna 81 are weak.
  • the current 93 of resonance "2" is distributed in the opposite direction around the slot 80 on the slot antenna 83, specifically on both sides of the position B, the current is weak near the position B, near both ends of the slot 80 The current is strong.
  • the antenna structure exemplarily shown in Figures 13A-13B can also generate resonances in other frequency bands. Specifically, each antenna radiator (such as a slot) in the antenna structure can be adjusted. The size of the antenna 83 and the wire antenna 81) are set.
  • the coupled slot antenna 83 can also work in the DM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the wire antenna 81 can be designed as a suspended antenna arranged on the back cover, does not occupy the design space inside the electronic device, and is less affected by internal components.
  • the fed wire antenna 81 can also be coupled with more slot antennas 83 of different sizes to cover more frequency bands.
  • the feeding antenna may be the CM wire antenna shown in FIG. 2A
  • the coupling antenna may be the CM slot antenna shown in FIG. 4A, which can excite the CM wire antenna mode and the CM slot antenna mode.
  • the antenna structure provided in Embodiment 5 may include: a wire antenna 121 and a slot antenna 123. among them:
  • the wire antenna 121 may be the CM wire antenna shown in FIG. 2A.
  • the feeding position 122 of the wire antenna 121 may be located in the middle position of the wire antenna 121.
  • the feeding position 122 can be connected to the feeding source 125.
  • the positive pole of the feed source 125 can be connected to the feed position 122, and the negative pole of the feed source 125 can be connected to the ground (such as the floor).
  • the slot antenna 123 may be the CM slot antenna shown in FIG. 4A.
  • the slot antenna 123 can be formed by slotting a metal plate.
  • the slot antenna 123 may include a slot 127.
  • An opening 129 may be opened on the side 126 of the slot 127 close to the wire antenna 121, and the opening 129 may be specifically opened at the middle position of the side.
  • the groove 127 may be filled with materials such as polymer, glass, ceramic, or a combination of these materials.
  • the opening 129 may also be filled with materials such as polymers, glass, ceramics, or a combination of these materials.
  • the fed wire antenna 121 and the slot antenna 123 may be close to each other and perpendicular to each other at the middle position of the two.
  • the wire antenna 121 may be perpendicular to the plane where the slot antenna 123 is located on one side 126 of the slot antenna 123.
  • This plane can be called the slotted plane, that is, the plane where the aforementioned metal plate is located.
  • the plane where the slot antenna 123 is located may be perpendicular to the line antenna 121 at the middle position of the line antenna 121.
  • the positive pole of the feed source connected to the wire antenna 121 may be located on one side of the opening 129 of the slot antenna 123, and the negative pole of the feed source connected to the wire antenna 121 may be located on the other side of the opening 129 of the slot antenna 123.
  • the coupling distance between the wire antenna 121 and the slot antenna 123 may be the distance between the plane where the slot antenna 123 is located and the wire antenna 121.
  • the distance can be less than a certain value, for example 1 mm. It should be understood that the smaller the coupling distance, the stronger the coupling effect. This application does not limit the specific value of the coupling distance, and it is sufficient that the wire antenna 121 that satisfies the power feeding can be coupled to the slot antenna 123.
  • the coupled antenna structure can generate resonance "1" near 1.3GHz and resonance "2" near 2.0GHz.
  • the resonance "1” can be generated by the quarter-wavelength mode of the slot antenna 123.
  • the resonance “2” can be generated by the quarter-wavelength mode of the wire antenna 121.
  • the current 121 of resonance "1" is distributed in the same direction on the slot antenna 123 around the slot 127. Specifically, the current near the middle of the slot 127 is weak, and the current near both ends of the slot 127 is strong.
  • the current 123 of resonance "2" is distributed in the reverse direction on the line antenna 121, specifically, it is distributed reversely and symmetrically on both sides of the feeding point 125, the middle of the line antenna 121 is strong, and the two ends of the line antenna 121 are weak.
  • the slot antenna 123 is not limited to the wavelength mode of resonance "1", and the resonance "1" can also be generated by the three-quarter wavelength mode of the slot antenna 123 or the like.
  • the line antenna 121 is not limited to the wavelength mode of resonance "2", and the resonance "2" can also be generated in the three-quarter wavelength mode of the line antenna 121 or the like.
  • each antenna radiator (such as slot antenna 123, slot antenna 123, The size of the wire antenna 121) is set.
  • the coupled slot antenna 123 can also work in the CM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the fed wire antenna 121 can also be coupled with more slot antennas 123 of different sizes to cover more frequency bands.
  • the antenna structure provided in Embodiment 6 can also excite a CM line antenna pattern and a CM slot antenna pattern.
  • the feeding antenna of Embodiment 6 may be the CM slot antenna shown in FIG. 4A, and the coupling antenna may be the CM wire antenna shown in FIG. 2A.
  • the positional relationship between the CM wire antenna and the CM slot antenna can refer to the positional relationship between the wire antenna 121 and the slot antenna 123 in Embodiment 5, which will not be repeated here.
  • the feed can be connected to the opening 129 of the CM slot antenna.
  • the positive pole of the feed source can be connected to one side of the opening 129, and the negative pole of the feed source can be connected to the other side of the opening 129.
  • the feeding antenna may be the CM wire antenna shown in FIG. 2A
  • the coupling antenna may be the DM slot antenna shown in FIG. 5A, which can excite the CM wire antenna mode and the DM slot antenna mode.
  • the antenna structure provided in Embodiment 7 may include: a wire antenna 141 and a slot antenna 143.
  • the line antenna 141 and the slot antenna 143 in FIG. 15A may be coplanar.
  • the plane of the line antenna 141 and the plane of the slot antenna 143 in FIG. 15B may be perpendicular to each other. among them:
  • the wire antenna 141 may be the CM wire antenna shown in FIG. 2A.
  • the feeding position 142 of the wire antenna 141 may be located in the middle position of the wire antenna 141.
  • the feed position 142 can be connected to a feed source.
  • the positive pole of the feed source can be connected to the power feeding position 142, and the negative pole of the feed source can be connected to the ground (such as the floor).
  • the slot antenna 143 may be the DM slot antenna shown in FIG. 5A.
  • the slot antenna 143 may be formed by slotting a metal plate.
  • the slot antenna 143 may include a slot 147.
  • the groove 147 may be filled with materials such as polymer, glass, ceramic, or a combination of these materials.
  • the fed wire antenna 141 and the slot antenna 143 may be close to each other and parallel to each other. Specifically, the wire antenna 141 may be parallel to the slot antenna 143. The line between the middle position of the wire antenna 141 and the middle position of the slot antenna 143 may be perpendicular to both the wire antenna 141 and the slot antenna 143. It can also be said that the line antenna 141 and the slot 147 share a vertical plane.
  • the coupling distance between the wire antenna 141 and the slot antenna 143 may be the distance between the wire antenna 141 and the slot antenna 143.
  • the distance may be less than a certain value, for example 5 mm. It should be understood that the smaller the coupling distance, the stronger the coupling effect. This application does not limit the specific value of the coupling distance, and it is sufficient that the wire antenna 141 that satisfies the power feeding can be coupled to the slot antenna 143.
  • the coupled antenna structure can generate resonance "1" near 1.51GHz and resonance "2" near 1.95GHz.
  • the resonance “1” can be generated by the quarter-wavelength mode of the wire antenna 141.
  • the resonance "2" can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the slot antenna 143.
  • 15D-15E exemplarily show the current distribution of resonance "1" and "2".
  • the current 151 of resonance "1" is distributed on the line antenna 141 and the floor, that is, the line antenna 141 also excites the floor to generate radiation.
  • the current 151 is distributed in reverse symmetry on the line antenna 141, the middle of the line antenna 141 is strong, and the two ends of the line antenna 121 are weak.
  • the current 153 of resonance "2" is distributed in the opposite direction around the slot 147 on the slot antenna 143, and is specifically distributed symmetrically on both sides of the middle position of the slot 147.
  • the current near the middle of the slot 147 is weak.
  • the current near both ends of the slot 147 is strong.
  • the line antenna 141 is not limited to the wavelength mode of resonance "1", and the resonance "1" can also be generated by the three-quarter wavelength mode of the line antenna 141 or the like.
  • the slot antenna 143 is not limited to the wavelength mode of resonance "2", and the resonance "2" can also be generated in the one-time wavelength mode, three-half wavelength mode, etc. of the slot antenna 143.
  • the antenna structure exemplarily shown in Figures 15A-15B can also generate resonances in other frequency bands.
  • the antenna radiator (such as line The size of the antenna 141 and the slot antenna 143) are set.
  • the coupled slot antenna 143 can also work in the DM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the fed wire antenna 121 can also be coupled with more slot antennas 123 of different sizes to cover more frequency bands.
  • the antenna structure provided in Embodiment 8 can also excite the CM line antenna mode and the DM slot antenna mode.
  • the feeding antenna of Embodiment 8 may be the DM slot antenna shown in FIG. 5A, and the coupling antenna may be the CM wire antenna shown in FIG. 2A.
  • the positional relationship between the CM wire antenna and the DM slot antenna can refer to the positional relationship between the wire antenna 121 and the slot antenna 123 in Embodiment 7.
  • the feed position of the DM slot antenna can be set in the middle of the DM slot antenna. At this feeding position, the positive pole of the feed is connected to one side of the DM slot antenna, and the negative pole of the feed is connected to the other side of the DM slot antenna.
  • the feeding antenna may be the DM wire antenna shown in FIG. 3A
  • the coupling antenna may be the CM slot antenna shown in FIG. 4A, which can excite the DM wire antenna mode and the CM slot antenna mode.
  • FIG. 17A shows the antenna design solution provided by Embodiment 9.
  • the antenna structure provided in Embodiment 9 may include: a wire antenna 161 and a slot antenna 163. among them:
  • the wire antenna 161 may be the DM wire antenna shown in FIG. 3A.
  • the middle position of the wire antenna 161 may be connected to the feed source, that is, the feeding position 165 of the wire antenna 161 may be the middle position of the wire antenna 161.
  • the positive pole of the feed source can be connected to one side of the intermediate position, and the negative pole of the feed source is connected to the other side of the intermediate position.
  • the wire antenna 161 may be a suspended antenna, which may be disposed on the inner surface of the back cover 21, may also be disposed on the outer surface of the back cover 21, or may be embedded in the back cover 21.
  • the slot antenna 163 may be the CM slot antenna shown in FIG. 4A.
  • the slot antenna 163 may be formed by slotting a metal plate.
  • the slot antenna 163 may include a slot 167.
  • An opening 169 may be opened on the side of the slot 167 close to the wire antenna 161, and the opening 169 may be specifically opened at the middle position of the side.
  • the groove 167 may be filled with materials such as polymer, glass, ceramic, or a combination of these materials.
  • the opening 169 may also be filled with materials such as polymer, glass, ceramic, or a combination of these materials.
  • the fed wire antenna 161 and the slot antenna 163 may be close to each other and parallel to each other. Specifically, the wire antenna 161 may be parallel to the slot antenna 163. The line between the middle position of the wire antenna 161 and the middle position of the slot antenna 163 may be perpendicular to both the wire antenna 161 and the slot antenna 163. In other words, it can be said that the radiating branch 141-A and the groove 147 share a vertical plane.
  • the coupling distance between the wire antenna 161 and the slot antenna 163 may be the distance between the wire antenna 161 and the slot antenna 163.
  • the distance may be less than a certain value, for example 5 mm. It should be understood that the smaller the coupling distance, the stronger the coupling effect. This application does not limit the specific value of the coupling distance, and it is sufficient that the wire antenna 161 that satisfies the power feeding can be coupled to the slot antenna 163.
  • the current 171 of the DM line antenna mode is distributed in the same direction on the line antenna 161.
  • the current 171 is strong in the middle of the line antenna 161, and weak at both ends of the line antenna 161.
  • the current 173 of the CM slot antenna mode is distributed on the slot antenna 163 in the same direction around the slot 167. Specifically, the current 173 is weak near the middle of the slot 167 and strong near both ends of the slot 167.
  • the fed wire antenna 161 works in the DM wire antenna mode, it can also be coupled to the slot antenna 163 to work in the CM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the wire antenna 161 can be designed as a suspended antenna arranged on the back cover, does not occupy the design space inside the electronic device, and is less affected by internal components.
  • the fed wire antenna 161 can also be coupled with more slot antennas 163 of different sizes to cover more frequency bands.
  • the antenna structure provided in Embodiment 10 can also excite the DM line antenna mode and the CM slot antenna mode.
  • the feeding antenna of Embodiment 10 may be the CM slot antenna shown in FIG. 4A, and the coupling antenna may be the DM wire antenna shown in FIG. 3A.
  • the positional relationship between the DM wire antenna and the CM slot antenna can refer to the positional relationship between the wire antenna 161 and the slot antenna 163 in Embodiment 9.
  • the feed can be connected to the opening 169 of the CM slot antenna.
  • the positive electrode of the feed source can be connected to one side of the opening 169, and the negative electrode of the feed source can be connected to the other side of the opening 169.
  • the slot antenna and the wire antenna are combined to obtain an antenna with the characteristics of both branches, so as to have the wire antenna mode and the slot antenna mode.
  • the two antenna modes are stimulated through the single-feed feed design, which can cover multiple frequency bands while miniaturizing the antenna.
  • the CM wire antenna and the CM slot antenna are synthesized to obtain an antenna structure having both the CM wire antenna mode and the CM slot antenna mode. Through the feed design, CM line antenna mode and CM slot antenna mode can be excited.
  • FIG. 19A shows the antenna design solution provided by Implementation 11.
  • the antenna structure provided in Embodiment 11 may include: strip-shaped branches 181 and grooves 183. among them:
  • the strip-shaped branches 181 and the grooves 183 may be parallel to each other.
  • the groove 183 may be formed by grooving the floor.
  • the side 183-A of the groove 183 is close to the strip-shaped branch 181, and the side 183-A may be provided with an opening 185.
  • the opening 185 may be specifically set at the middle position of the side 183-A, or may be set at a position deviating from the middle position.
  • the side 183-A may be referred to as the first side.
  • the strip stub 181 may have a connection point B, and the ground stub 187 may be connected at the connection point B.
  • the grounding branch 187 can be used to connect the side 183 -A of the groove 183 and the strip branch 181 at one end (end C) of the opening 185.
  • a feed point A can be provided on the strip-shaped branch 181, and the feed point A can be used to connect a feed source. Specifically, the positive pole of the feed is connected to the feed point A, and the negative pole of the feed is connected to the side 183-A of the slot 183 at the other end (end D) of the opening 185.
  • the distance L8 between the feeding point A and the connection point B on the strip-shaped branch 181 may be less than 1/4 of the working wavelength 5.
  • the working wavelength 5 refers to the working wavelength of the striped branch 181, that is, the working wavelength of the CM line antenna mode. In Embodiment 11, the working wavelength 5 may be referred to as the first wavelength.
  • the antenna structure can produce resonance “1” near 1.2GHz, resonance “2" near 1.8GHz, resonance “3” near 2.3GHz, resonance “4" near 3.0GHz, and resonance near 5.3GHz “5".
  • the resonance “1” can be generated by the quarter-wavelength mode of the strip-shaped branch 181, which is the resonance of the CM line antenna mode.
  • the resonance “2” can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the strip stub 181, which is the resonance of the DM wire antenna mode.
  • the resonance “3” can be generated by the frequency doubling of the quarter-wavelength mode of the striped branch 181 (double frequency doubling).
  • the resonance "4" can be generated by the quarter-wavelength mode of the slot 183, which is the resonance of the CM slot antenna mode.
  • the resonance "5" can be generated by the frequency multiplication of the quarter-wavelength mode of the slot 183.
  • 19C-19D exemplarily show the current distribution of resonance "1" and "2".
  • the current of the resonance "1" is distributed in the reverse direction on the strip stub 181, the current in the middle of the strip stub 181 is strong, and the current at both ends of the strip stub 181 is weak.
  • the current of resonance "1” is the current generated in the quarter-wavelength mode of the strip stub 181, and is the current of the CM wire antenna mode.
  • the CM line antenna mode also excites the floor to resonate. As shown in FIG.
  • the current of resonance "2" is distributed in the same direction on the strip stub 181, the current in the middle of the strip stub 181 is strong, and the current at both ends of the strip stub 181 is weak.
  • the current of resonance "4" (not shown) is distributed in the same direction around the slot 183, which is the current generated in the half-wavelength mode of the slot 183, and is the current of the DM wire antenna mode.
  • FIG. 19E exemplarily shows the electric field distribution of resonance "4".
  • the electric field of resonance "4" is distributed in the opposite direction on the slot 183, the electric field in the middle of the slot 183 is strong, and the electric field at both ends of the slot 183 is weak.
  • the electric field of the resonance "4" is the electric field generated by the quarter-wavelength mode of the slot 183, and is the electric field of the CM slot antenna mode.
  • the wavelength mode of the resonance "1" generated by the strip stub 181 is not limited, and the resonance “1” can also be generated by the three-quarter wavelength mode of the strip stub 181 or the like.
  • the wavelength mode of the resonance "2" generated by the strip-shaped branch 181 is not limited, and the resonance “2” may also be generated by the three-half wavelength mode, the five-half wavelength mode, and the like of the strip branch 181.
  • the wavelength mode of the resonance "4" generated by the slot 183 is not limited, and the resonance "4" can also be generated by the three-half wavelength mode, the five-half wavelength mode, and the like of the slot 183.
  • the antenna structure exemplarily shown in Figure 19A can also generate resonance in other frequency bands, which can be specifically adjusted by adjusting the antenna
  • the size of each branch (such as the strip-shaped branch 181 and the groove 183) in the structure is set.
  • the antenna design solution provided by Embodiment 11 combines the CM line antenna and the CM slot antenna to obtain an antenna structure having both the stub characteristics of the CM line antenna and the CM slot antenna.
  • CM line antenna mode and CM slot antenna mode can be excited, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the DM wire antenna and the DM slot antenna are synthesized to obtain an antenna structure having both the branch characteristics of the DM wire antenna and the DM slot antenna. Through the feed design, DM line antenna mode and DM slot antenna mode can be excited.
  • FIG. 20A shows the antenna design solution provided by Implementation 12.
  • the antenna structure provided in Embodiment 12 may include: a strip conductor 191 and a slot 193. among them:
  • the groove 193 may be formed by grooving the strip conductor 191.
  • the slotting direction of the slot 193 may be perpendicular to the extending direction of the strip conductor 193.
  • the slot 193 may be perpendicular to the strip conductor 193 at the middle position of the strip conductor 193.
  • the middle position of the slot 193 can be connected to a feed source, the positive pole of the feed source can be connected to one side of the slot 193, and the negative pole of the feed source can be connected to the other side of the slot 193.
  • the current shown in FIG. 20B is distributed in the same direction on the conductors on both sides of the slot 193, and its direction is specifically the same as the extending direction of the strip conductor 191.
  • the current is the current of the CM wire antenna mode of the antenna structure.
  • the current shown in FIG. 20C is distributed in the opposite direction around the slot 193, which is the current of the CM slot antenna mode of the antenna structure.
  • the electric field shown in FIG. 20C is distributed in the same direction on the slot 193, which is the electric field of the CM slot antenna mode of the antenna structure.
  • the antenna design solution provided by Embodiment 12 can have both the stub characteristics of the DM wire antenna and the DM slot antenna by slotting on the strip conductor, and can excite two slot antenna modes through the feed design:
  • the DM line antenna mode and the DM slot antenna mode can cover multiple frequency bands while miniaturizing the antenna.
  • the feeding point A can also be set offset from the middle position of the slot 193, as shown in FIG. 20D.
  • the offset feeding point A can divide the slot 193 into a short slot body 193-A and a long slot body 193-B. This feed point offset allows the antenna structure to cover more frequency bands.
  • the resonant modes that can be generated by the antenna structure exemplarily shown in 20D are described below.
  • the antenna structure can produce resonance “1” near 1.5GHz, resonance "2" near 2.4GHz, and resonance "3” near 4.6GHz.
  • the resonance "1” can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the slot 193.
  • the resonance "2” can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the strip conductor 191.
  • the resonance "3” can be generated by the frequency multiplication of the half-wavelength mode of the slot 193 (3 times the frequency).
  • 20F-20H exemplarily show the current distributions of resonance "1", “2", and "3".
  • the current of resonance "1" is distributed in the opposite direction around the slot 193, the current around the short slot 193-A is strong, and the current around the long slot 193-B is weak.
  • the current of resonance "2" is distributed in the same direction on the strip conductor 191, the current in the middle of the strip conductor 191 is strong, and the current at both ends of the strip conductor 191 is weak.
  • the current of resonance "3" is distributed in the opposite direction around the slot 193, the current around the long slot 193-B is strong, and the current around the short slot 193-A is weak.
  • the wavelength mode of resonance "1" generated by the slot 193 is not restricted, and the resonance “1” can also be generated by the three-half wavelength mode of the slot 193 or the like.
  • the wavelength mode of the resonance "2" generated by the strip-shaped branch 181 is not limited, and the resonance "2" can also be generated by the three-half wavelength mode, the five-half wavelength mode, and the like of the strip conductor 191.
  • the antenna structure exemplarily shown in FIG. The size of the conductor 191 and the slot 193) are set.
  • the CM line antenna and the DM slot antenna are synthesized to obtain an antenna structure having both the branch characteristics of the CM line antenna and the DM slot antenna. Through the feed design, CM line antenna mode and DM slot antenna mode can be excited.
  • FIG. 21A shows the antenna design solution provided by Implementation 13.
  • the antenna structure provided by Embodiment 13 may include: a strip-shaped branch 201 and a groove 203. among them:
  • the strip-shaped branches 201 and the grooves 203 may be parallel to each other.
  • the groove 203 may be formed by grooving the floor.
  • the strip-shaped branches 201 may have a connection point B, and the branches 205 may be connected at the connection point B.
  • the branch 205 can be used to connect one side of the groove 203.
  • the connection point B can be specifically set at the middle position of the strip-shaped branch 201.
  • the middle position of the slot 203 can be connected to a feed source.
  • the positive pole of the feed is connected to one side of the slot 203, and the negative pole of the feed is connected to the other side of the slot 203.
  • the following describes resonance modes that can be generated by the antenna structure exemplarily shown in FIG. 21A.
  • the antenna structure can produce resonance “1” near 1.45GHz, resonance "2" near 2.0GHz, and resonance "3” near 3.6GHz.
  • the resonance "1” can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the slot 203, which is the resonance of the DM slot antenna mode.
  • the resonance "2” can be generated by the quarter-wavelength mode of the strip stub 201, which is the resonance of the CM line antenna mode.
  • the resonance "3" can be generated by the frequency doubling of the half-wavelength mode of the slot 203 (3 times the frequency).
  • 21C-21E exemplarily show the current distribution of resonance "1", “2", and "3".
  • the current of resonance "1” is distributed in reverse around the slot 203, the current is strong at both ends of the slot 203, and the current is weak in the middle of the slot 203.
  • the current of the resonance "1” is the current generated in the half-wavelength mode of the slot 203, and is the current of the DM slot antenna mode.
  • the current of resonance "2" is distributed in the reverse direction on the strip stub 201, the current in the middle of the strip stub 201 is strong, and the current at both ends of the strip stub 201 is weak.
  • the current of resonance "2" is the current generated in the quarter-wavelength mode of the strip stub 201, and is the current of the CM wire antenna mode. As shown in FIG. 21E, the current of resonance "3" is distributed in reverse around the slot 203, the current is strong at both ends of the slot 203, and the current is weak in the middle of the slot 203.
  • the current of resonance "3” is the current generated by the frequency multiplication (3 times frequency) of the half-wavelength mode of the slot 203, and the current of the DM slot antenna mode.
  • the wavelength mode of resonance "1" generated by the groove 203 is not restricted, and the resonance “1” may also be generated by the three-half wavelength mode of the groove 203 or the like.
  • the wavelength mode of the resonance "2" generated by the strip stub 201 is not limited, and the resonance "2" can also be generated by the three-quarter wavelength mode of the strip stub 201 or the like.
  • the antenna structure exemplarily shown in FIG. The size of the branch 201 and the groove 203) is set.
  • the antenna design solution provided by Embodiment 13 combines the CM line antenna and the DM slot antenna to obtain an antenna structure having both the branch characteristics of the CM line antenna and the DM slot antenna. Through the single feed design, it can excite CM line antenna mode and DM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the DM line antenna and the CM slot antenna are synthesized to obtain an antenna structure having both the branch characteristics of the DM line antenna and the CM slot antenna. Through the feed design, DM line antenna mode and CM slot antenna mode can be excited.
  • FIG. 22A shows the antenna design solution provided by Implementation 14.
  • the antenna structure provided by Embodiment 14 may include: strip-shaped branches 211 and grooves 213. among them:
  • the strip-shaped branches 211 and the grooves 213 may be parallel to each other.
  • the groove 213 may be formed by grooving the floor.
  • the side 213-A of the groove 213 is close to the strip-shaped branch 211, and the side 213-A may be provided with an opening 215.
  • the opening 215 may be specifically set at the middle position of the side 213-A, or may be set at a position deviating from the middle position.
  • the side 213-A may be referred to as the first side.
  • the strip-shaped branch 211 may have a connection point A and a connection point B.
  • the strip-shaped branches 211 may be connected to the branches 217 at the connection point A, and the strip-shaped branches 211 may be connected to the branches 219 at the connection point B.
  • the branch 217 can be used to connect the side 213-A of the groove 213 and the strip-shaped branch 211 at one end (C end) of the opening 215.
  • the branch 219 can be used to connect the side edge 213 -A of the groove 213 and the strip-shaped branch 211 at the other end (D end) of the opening 215.
  • the connection point A and the connection point B are respectively referred to as the first connection point and the second connection point.
  • the branch 217 and the branch 219 may be referred to as the first branch and the second branch, respectively.
  • the opening 215 can be connected to a feed source.
  • the positive pole of the feed is connected to the stub 217 at one end (C end) of the opening 215, and the negative pole of the feed is connected to the stub 219 at the other end (D end) of the opening 215.
  • the following describes resonance modes that can be generated by the antenna structure exemplarily shown in FIG. 22A.
  • the antenna structure can produce resonance “1” near 2.28GHz, resonance "2" near 3.5GHz, and resonance "3” near 5.7GHz.
  • the resonance "1” can be generated by the half-wavelength mode of the strip-shaped branch 211, which is the resonance of the DM line antenna mode.
  • the resonance "2” can be generated by the quarter-wavelength mode of the slot 213, which is the resonance of the CM slot antenna mode.
  • the resonance "3" can be generated by the frequency doubling of the half-wavelength mode of the strip-shaped branch 211 (3 times the frequency).
  • 22C-FIG. 22E exemplarily show the current distribution of resonance "1", “2", and "3".
  • the current of resonance "1” is distributed in the same direction on the strip stub 211, the current in the middle of the strip stub 211 is strong, and the current at both ends of the strip stub 211 is weak.
  • the current of resonance "1” is the current generated in the half-wavelength mode of the strip stub 211, and is the current of the DM wire antenna mode.
  • the current of resonance "2" is distributed in reverse around the slot 213, the current is strong at both ends of the slot 213, and the current is weak in the middle of the slot 213.
  • the current of resonance “2" is the current generated by the quarter-wavelength mode of the slot 213, and the current of the CM slot antenna mode. As shown in FIG. 22E, the current of resonance "3" is distributed in the same direction on the strip stub 211, the current in the middle of the strip stub 211 is strong, and the current at both ends of the strip stub 211 is weak.
  • the current of the resonance "3” is the current generated by the frequency double (3 times frequency) of the half-wavelength mode of the strip-shaped stub 211, and is the current of the DM wire antenna mode.
  • the wavelength mode of the resonance "1" generated by the strip stub 211 is not limited, and the resonance “1” can also be generated by the three-half wavelength mode of the strip stub 211 or the like.
  • the wavelength mode of the resonance "2" generated by the groove 213 is not restricted, and the resonance "2" may also be generated by the three-quarter wavelength mode of the groove 213 or the like.
  • the antenna structure exemplarily shown in FIG. The size of the branch 211 and the groove 213) is set.
  • the antenna structure exemplarily shown in FIG. 22A can also cover more frequency bands.
  • the antenna design solution provided by Embodiment 14 combines the DM line antenna and the CM slot antenna to obtain an antenna structure having both the stub characteristics of the DM line antenna and the CM slot antenna. Through the single feed design, it can excite the DM line antenna mode and the CM slot antenna mode, which can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the wavelength in a certain wavelength mode of the antenna may refer to the wavelength of the signal radiated by the antenna.
  • the half-wavelength mode of the antenna can generate resonance in the 2.4 GHz band, where the wavelength in the half-wavelength mode refers to the wavelength of the antenna radiating signals in the 2.4 GHz band.
  • the wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Among them, ⁇ is the relative permittivity of the medium, and frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal.

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Abstract

一种天线设计方案，对特定形状的导体(例如条形导体、开槽导体)进行单馈馈电设计，以激励出多个天线模式。例如，对条形导体进行馈电设计可激励出CM线天线模式和DM线天线模式。又例如，对一个开槽导体进行馈电设计可馈源CM槽天线模式和DM槽天线模式。该天线设计方案可在实现天线小型化的同时实现覆盖多个频段。

Description

天线装置及电子设备
本申请要求于2019年10月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911054822.7、申请名称为“天线装置及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及天线技术领域，特别涉及应用在电子设备中的天线装置。
背景技术
多输入多输出(multi-input multi-output，MIMO)技术在第五代(5th generation，5G)无线通信系统中起着非常重要的作用。但是，移动终端，如手机，要获得良好的MIMO性能仍是一个很大的挑战。其中一个原因在于，移动终端内部的十分有限的空间限制了MIMO天线能够覆盖的频段以及高性能。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种天线装置，可实现天线小型化的同时，还能覆盖更多频段。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置。该天线装置可包括：条形导体，条形导体上设置有馈电点和接地点。其中，
馈电点可以设置在条形导体的中间位置。馈电点可连接馈源。该馈源的正极可连接在馈电点，该馈源的负极可连接地(如地板)。
在条形导体上，接地点可以设置在馈电点附近。接地点可连接接地枝节。接地枝节可用于连接地(如地板)。这里，附近可以是指馈电点到接地枝节的接地端A之间的长度小于1/4个工作波长1。即，馈电点到接地点之间的距离L BC与接地枝节的长度L CA之和，小于1/4个工作波长1。
条形导体上的频率不同的两路电流：第一电流、第二电流。其中，第一电流在馈电点两侧方向相反，第二电流在馈电点两侧方向相同。第一电流是CM线天线模式的电流，第二电流是DM线天线模式的电流。由于条形导体上具有频率不同的两路电流：第一电流、第二电流，因此条形导体上可产生两个不同谐振频率。第一方面中，第一电流可以称为第一电流，第二电流可以成为第二电流。
前述工作波长1(即CM线天线模式的工作波长)可依据第一电流的频率f1计算得到。具体的，辐射信号在空气中的工作波长1可以如下计算：波长＝光速/f1。辐射信号在介质中的工作波长1可以如下计算：
Figure PCTCN2020125466-appb-000001
其中，ε为该介质的相对介电常数。第一方面中，前述工作波长1可以称为第一波长。
可以看出，第一方面提供的天线设计方案，可利用一个条形导体激励出两个线天线模式：CM线天线模式和DM线天线模式，在天线小型化的同时实现覆盖多个频段。
结合第一方面，在一些实施例中，电子设备可包括地板，接地枝节可具体连接地板。地板上可分布第三电流，第三电流的频率不同于第一电流、第二电流的频率，具体可低于第一电流、第二电流的频率。
结合第一方面，在一些实施例中，电子设备可包括金属边框，条形导体为电子设备的部分金属边框。该部分金属边框可以为位于电子设备底部的金属边框，或者为位于电子设备顶部的金属边框。
结合第一方面，在一些实施例中，接地枝节可连接该金属边框和地板，可例如为设置在地板上的连接条形导体的金属弹片。地板可包括：电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、电子设备的金属中框。
结合第一方面，在一些实施例中，馈电点可以偏离条形导体的中间位置，以覆盖更多频段。此时，馈电点附近可不必设置接地枝节，即接地枝节可以被移除。条形导体上可存在更多路频率不同的电流。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备可包括天线装置。该天线装置可包括：开设有槽的金属板，其中，
槽的第一侧的中间位置可设有开口。在槽的第一位置处，馈源的正极连接槽的第一侧，馈源的负极连接槽的第二侧。第一位置可设置在开口33附近。这里，附近可以是指馈电位置35到开口33之间的距离L3小于1/4个工作波长2。第二方面中，工作波长2可以称为第一波长。
在金属板上存在围绕槽的第一电流和第二电流，第一电流和第二电流的频率不同，第一电流围绕槽同向分布；第二电流围绕槽，在开口两侧呈反向分布。第一电流为CM槽天线模式的电流，第二电流为DM槽天线模式的电流。其中，第一波长由第一电流的频率确定。
可以看出，第二方面提供的天线设计方案，可利用一个开槽导体激励出两个槽天线模式：CM槽天线模式和DM槽天线模式，在天线小型化的同时实现覆盖多个频段。
结合第二方面，在一些实施例中，电子设备可包括地板，金属板可以是地板。地板可包括：电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、电子设备的金属中框。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置。该天线装置可包括：至少一个线天线、槽天线，槽天线可包括开设有槽的金属板，其中，
槽天线的中间位置处可连接有馈源，馈源的正极连接槽的一侧边，馈源的负极连接槽的另一侧边。线天线可平行于金属板所处的平面，线天线在金属板上的投影与槽的相交部分可位于投影的中间位置，相交部分到槽天线的中间位置之间的距离可小于1/2个第一波长。第一波长是槽天线的工作波长。
槽天线上可分布有围绕槽的第一电流，第一电流在槽天线的中间位置两侧方向相反，线天线上分布有方向相同的第二电流。
可以看出，第三方面提供的天线设计方案，馈电的槽天线工作在DM槽天线模式的同时，还可耦合一个或多个线天线工作在DM线天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。而且，线天线可设计成设置于后盖上的悬浮天线，不占用电子设备内部的设计空间，受内部器件的影响很小。
结合第三方面，在一些实施例中，线天线到金属板所处的平面的距离可以小于第一距离，如小于1毫米。应理解的是，耦合间距越小，耦合效应越强。本申请对该耦合间距的具体取值不做限制，满足支槽天线能够耦合悬浮的线天线即可。
结合第三方面，在一些实施例中，至少一个线天线可以为不同长度的两个或两个以上的线天线。这两个或两个以上的线天线各自在金属板上的投影可以相互平行。这两个或两个以上的线天线可以同处于第一平面，第一平面可平行于金属板所处的平面。由于各自长度不同，因此，这两个或两个以上的线天线上分布的第二电流的频率也不同。
结合第三方面，在一些实施例中，线天线可以是悬浮天线，可以设置于后盖的内表面，也可以设置于后盖的外表面，还可以嵌入于后盖中。例如，线天线可以是粘贴于后盖内表面的金属条，还可以使用导电银浆印制在后盖内表面上。
结合第三方面，在一些实施例中，电子设备可包括地板，金属板可以是地板。地板可包括：电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、电子设备的金属中框。
第四方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置，该天线装置可包括：线天线、槽天线，其中，
线天线的中间位置可连接有馈源，即线天线的馈电位置可以是线天线的中间位置。具体的，馈源的正极可连接在该中间位置的一侧，馈源的负极连接在该中间位置的另一侧。槽天线可包括金属板和槽。槽天线可通过在金属板(如PCB地板)上开槽形成。槽可以使用例如聚合物、玻璃、陶瓷等材料或者这些材料的组合填充。
线天线可平行于槽天线所处的平面，并垂直于槽天线的槽。该平面可以称为开槽面，即前述金属板所在平面。线天线在开槽面的投影与槽天线的槽可以在该投影的中间位置相交。线天线在开槽面的投影与槽的相交部分A，到槽天线的中间位置B的距离L6，可大于1/8个工作波长4，小于1/2个工作波长4。工作波长4是指槽天线的工作波长。第四方面中，工作波长4可以称为第一波长。
槽天线上分布有围绕槽的，在槽天线的中间位置两侧的反向电流；线天线上分布有在中间位置两侧方向相同的电流。
可以看出，第四方面提供的天线设计方案，馈电的线天线工作在DM线天线模式的同时，还可耦合槽天线工作在DM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。线天线可设计成设置于后盖上的悬浮天线，不占用电子设备内部的设计空间，受内部器件的影响很小。该天线结构中，馈电的线天线还可以耦合更多尺寸不同的槽天线，以覆盖更多频段。
结合第四方面，在一些实施例中，线天线可以是悬浮天线，可以设置于后盖的内表面，也可以设置于后盖的外表面，还可以嵌入于后盖中。例如，线天线可以是粘贴于后盖内表面的金属条，还可以使用导电银浆印制在后盖内表面上。
结合第四方面，在一些实施例中，电子设备可包括地板，金属板可以是地板。地板可包括：电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、电子设备的金属中框。
第五方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置，该天线装置可包括：线天线、槽天线，
线天线具有馈电点，馈电点可设置在线天线的中间位置。馈电点连接馈源的正极，馈源的负极连接地。槽天线可包括开设有槽的金属板，槽的第一侧的中间位置可开设有开口。
线天线在线天线的中间位置可垂直于金属板所处的平面。线天线连接的馈源的正极位于开口的一侧，线天线连接的馈源的负极位于开口的另一侧。
槽天线上可分布有围绕槽的同向电流。线天线上可分布有在线天线的中间位置两侧方 向相反的电流。
可以看出，第五方面提供的天线设计方案，馈电的线天线工作在CM线天线模式的同时，还可耦合槽天线工作在CM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。该天线结构中，馈电的线天线还可以耦合更多尺寸不同的槽天线，以覆盖更多频段。
结合第五方面，在一些实施例中，电子设备可包括地板，金属板可以是地板。地板可包括：电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、电子设备的金属中框。
第六方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置，该天线装置可包括：线天线、槽天线，槽天线包括开设有槽的金属板，其中，
槽的第一侧的中间位置可开设有开口，开口处可连接有馈源，馈源的正极连接在开口的一侧，馈源的负极连接在开口的另一侧。
线天线在线天线的中间位置可垂直于金属板所处的平面，线天线连接的馈源的正极可位于开口的一侧，线天线连接的馈源的负极可位于开口的另一侧。
槽天线上可分布有围绕槽的同向电流，线天线上可分布有在中间位置两侧方向相反的电流。
可以看出，第六方面提供的天线设计方案，馈电的槽天线工作在CM槽天线模式的同时，还可耦合线天线工作在CM线天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。
结合第六方面，在一些实施例中，电子设备可包括地板，金属板可以是地板。地板可包括：电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、电子设备的金属中框。
第七方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置，该天线装置可包括：线天线、槽天线，其中，
线天线可具有馈电点，馈电点可设置在线天线的中间位置。馈电点连接馈源的正极，馈源的负极连接地。槽天线可包括开设有槽的金属板。
线天线可平行于槽天线，线天线的中间位置和槽天线的中间位置之间的连线可既垂直于线天线，又垂直于槽天线；
线天线上可分布有在中间位置两侧方向相反的电流。槽天线上可分布有围绕槽的，在槽天线的中间位置两侧的反向电流。
可以看出，第七方面提供的天线设计方案，馈电的线天线工作在CM线天线模式的同时，还可耦合槽天线工作在DM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。该天线结构中，馈电的线天线还可以耦合更多尺寸不同的槽天线，以覆盖更多频段。
结合第七方面，在一些实施例中，电子设备可包括地板，金属板可以是地板。地板可包括：电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、电子设备的金属中框。
第八方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置，该天线装置可包括：线天线、槽天线，其中，
槽天线可包括开设有槽的金属板。所处槽天线的中间位置可连接有馈源，馈源的正极连接槽天线的一侧，馈源的负极连接槽天线的另一侧。
线天线可平行于槽天线，线天线的中间位置和槽天线的中间位置之间的连线可既垂直于线天线，又垂直于槽天线。
线天线上可分布有在中间位置两侧方向相反的电流，槽天线上可分布有围绕槽的，在 槽天线的中间位置两侧的反向电流。
可以看出，第八方面提供的天线设计方案，馈电的槽天线工作在DM槽天线模式的同时，还可耦合线天线工作在CM线天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。该天线结构中，馈电的槽天线还可以耦合更多尺寸不同的线天线，以覆盖更多频段。
结合第八方面，在一些实施例中，电子设备可包括地板，金属板可以是地板。地板可包括：电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、电子设备的金属中框。
第九方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置，该天线装置可包括：线天线、槽天线，其中，
线天线的中间位置可连接有馈源，馈源的正极连接在中间位置的一侧，馈源的负极连接在中间位置的另一侧。槽天线可包括开设有槽的金属板，槽的第一侧的中间位置可开设有开口。
线天线可平行于槽天线，线天线的中间位置和槽天线的中间位置之间的连线可既垂直于线天线，又垂直于槽天线；
线天线上可分布有在线天线的中间位置两侧方向相同的电流，槽天线上可分布有围绕槽的同向电流。
可以看出，第九方面提供的天线设计方案，馈电的线天线工作在DM线天线模式的同时，还可耦合槽天线工作在CM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。线天线可设计成设置于后盖上的悬浮天线，不占用电子设备内部的设计空间，受内部器件的影响很小。该天线结构中，馈电的线天线还可以耦合更多尺寸不同的槽天线，以覆盖更多频段。
结合第九方面，在一些实施例中，电子设备可包括地板，金属板可以是地板。地板可包括：电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、电子设备的金属中框。
第十方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置，该天线装置可包括：线天线、槽天线，其中，
槽天线包括可开设有槽的金属板，槽的第一侧的中间位置可开设有开口。开口处可连接有馈源，馈源的正极连接在开口的一侧，馈源的负极连接在开口的另一侧。
线天线可平行于槽天线，线天线的中间位置和槽天线的中间位置之间的连线可既垂直于线天线，又垂直于槽天线。
线天线上可分布有在线天线的中间位置两侧方向相同的电流，槽天线上可分布有围绕槽的同向电流。
可以看出，第十方面提供的天线设计方案，馈电的槽天线工作在CM槽天线模式的同时，还可耦合线天线工作在DM线天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。线天线可设计成设置于后盖上的悬浮天线，不占用电子设备内部的设计空间，受内部器件的影响很小。该天线结构中，馈电的线天线还可以耦合更多尺寸不同的槽天线，以覆盖更多频段。
结合第十方面，在一些实施例中，电子设备可包括地板，金属板可以是地板。地板可包括：电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、电子设备的金属中框。
第十一方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置，该天线装置可包括：条形枝节、槽，
条形枝节和槽可以相互平行。槽可以通过在地板上开槽形成。槽的第一侧边靠近条形 枝节，第一侧边可设有开口。开口具体可设于第一侧边的中间位置，也可以设于偏离中间位置处。
条形枝节可具有连接点B，可在连接点B处连接接地枝节。接地枝节可用于在开口的一端(C端)连接槽的第一侧边和条形枝节。条形枝节上可设置馈电点A，馈电点A可用于连接馈源。具体的，馈源的正极连接在馈电点A，馈源的负极在开口的另一端(D端)连接槽的第一侧边。
条形枝节上的馈电点A到连接点B之间的距离L8，可以小于1/4个工作波长5。工作波长5是指条形枝节的工作波长，即CM线天线模式的工作波长。第十一方面中，工作波长5可以称为第一波长。
条形枝节上分布的电流同向；在金属板上分布着围绕槽的同向电流。
可以看出，第十一方面提供的天线设计方案，通过对CM线天线和CM槽天线进行合成，得到兼具CM线天线和CM槽天线的枝节特点的天线结构。通过单馈的馈电设计，可激励出CM线天线模式和CM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。
第十二方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置，该天线装置可包括：条形导体、槽，其中，
槽可开设于条形导体上，槽的开槽方向可垂直于条型导体的延伸方向；槽在条型导体的中间位置可垂直于条型导体。槽的中间位置可连接有馈源，馈源的正极连接槽的一侧边，馈源的负极连接槽的另一侧边。
条形导体上可分布有在槽的中间位置两侧的同向电流。条形导体上还可分布有围绕槽的，在槽的中间位置两侧的反向电流。
可以看出，第十二方面提供的天线设计方案，可通过在条形导体上开槽以兼具DM线天线和DM槽天线的枝节特点，并能通过馈电设计激励出两个槽天线模式：DM线天线模式和DM槽天线模式，在天线小型化的同时实现覆盖多个频段。
第十三方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置，该天线装置可包括：条形枝节、槽，其中，
条形枝节和槽相互平行；槽开设于金属板上；条形枝节的中间位置连接有第一枝节，第一枝节用于连接槽的第一侧；槽的中间位置连接有馈源，馈源的正极连接槽的第一侧，馈源的负极连接槽的第二侧；
条形枝节分布有在条形枝节的中间位置两侧方向相反的电流；金属板上分布有围绕槽的，在槽的中间位置两侧的反向电流。
可以看出，实施例十三提供的天线设计方案，通过兼具CM线天线和DM槽天线的枝节特点的天线结构，结合单馈的馈电设计，可激励出CM线天线模式和DM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。
第十四方面，本申请提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括天线装置，该天线装置可包括：条形枝节、槽，其中，
条形枝节和槽可以相互平行。槽可以通过在地板上开槽形成。槽的第一侧边靠近条形枝节，第一侧边可设有开口。开口具体可设于第一侧边的中间位置，也可以设于偏离中间位置处。
条形枝节可具有第一连接点和第二连接点。条形枝节可在第一连接点处连接第一枝节，条形枝节可在第二连接点处连接第二枝节。第一枝节可用于在开口的一端(C端)连接槽的第一侧边和条形枝节。第二枝节可用于在开口的另一端(D端)连接槽的第一侧边和条形枝节。
开口处可连接馈源。在开口处，馈源的正极在开口的一端(C端)连接第一枝节，馈源的负极在开口的另一端(D端)连接第二枝节。
条形枝节上分布有同向电流；金属板上分布有围绕槽的同向电流。
可以看出，第十四方面提供的天线设计方案，通过对DM线天线和CM槽天线进行合成，得到兼具DM线天线和CM槽天线的枝节特点的天线结构。通过单馈的馈电设计，可激励出DM线天线模式和CM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图进行说明。
图1是本申请提供的天线设计方案所基于的电子设备的结构示意图；
图2A示出了本申请提供的CM线天线；
图2B示出了本申请提供的CM线天线模式的电流、电场的分布示意图；
图3A示出了本申请提供的DM线天线；
图3B示出了本申请提供的DM线天线模式的电流、电场的分布；
图4A示出了本申请提供的CM槽天线；
图4B示出了本申请提供的CM槽天线模式的电流、电场、磁流的分布；
图5A示出了本申请提供的DM槽天线；
图5B示出了本申请提供的DM槽天线模式的电流、电场、磁流的分布；
图6A-图6B示出了条形导体具有的特征模；
图7A示出了实施1提供的天线设计方案；
图7B-图7C示出了实施1提供的天线结构的电流分布；
图7D示出了实施例1提供的天线设计方案在实际整机中的实施；
图7E示出了图7D所示天线的S11仿真；
图8A示出了实施1的扩展方案；
图8B-图8E示出了图8A所示天线结构的电流分布；
图9A-图9B示出了开槽金属板具有的两个特征模；
图10A示出了实施2提供的天线设计方案；
图10B-图10C示出了实施2提供的天线结构的电流分布；
图11A示出了实施1的扩展方案；
图11B-图11E示出了图11A所示天线结构的电流分布；
图12A-图12B示出了实施三提供的天线设计方案；
图12C示出了图12A-图12B所示的天线结构产生的谐振模式；
图12D-图12F示出了图12C中的各个谐振的电流分布；
图13A-图13B示出了实施四提供的天线设计方案；
图13C示出了图13A-图13B所示的天线结构产生的谐振模式；
图13D-图13E示出了图13C中的各个谐振的电流分布；
图14A-图14B示出了实施五提供的天线设计方案；
图14C示出了图14A-图14B所示的天线结构产生的谐振模式；
图14D-图14E示出了图14C中的各个谐振的电流分布；
图15A-图15B示出了实施七提供的天线设计方案。
图15C示出了图15A-图15B所示的天线结构产生的谐振模式；
图15D-图15E示出了图15C中的各个谐振的电流分布；
图16示出了实施八提供的天线设计方案；
图17A示出了实施九提供的天线设计方案；
图17B-图17C示出了图17A所示的天线结构具有的模式电流、模式电场；
图18示出了实施十提供的天线设计方案；
图19A示出了实施十一提供的天线设计方案；
图19B示出了图19A所示的天线结构产生的谐振模式；
图19C-图19D示出了图19B中的一些谐振的电流分布；
图19E示出了图19B中的一些谐振的电场分布；
图20A示出了实施十二提供的天线设计方案；
图20B-图20C示出了图20A所示的天线结构具有的模式电流、模式电场；
图20D示出了实施十二的扩展方案；
图20E示出了图20D所示的天线结构产生的谐振模式；
图20F-图20H示出了图20E中的各个谐振的电流分布；
图21A示出了实施十三提供的天线设计方案；
图21B示出了图21A所示的天线结构产生的谐振模式；
图21C-图21E示出了图21B中的各个谐振的电流分布；
图22A示出了实施十四提供的天线设计方案；
图22B示出了图22A所示的天线结构产生的谐振模式；
图22C-图22E示出了图22B中的各个谐振的电流分布。
具体实施方式
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图对本发明实施例进行描述。
本申请提供的技术方案适用于采用以下一种或多种通信技术的电子设备：蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)通信技术、全球定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)通信技术、无线保真(wirelessfidelity，Wi-Fi)通信技术、全球移动通讯系统(global system for mobile communications，GSM)通信技术、宽频码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)通信技术、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)通信技术、5G通信技术、SUB-6G通信技术以及未来其他通信技术等。本申请中，电子设备可以是手机、平板电脑、个人数码助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)等等。
图1示例性示出了本申请提供的天线设计方案所基于的电子设备内部环境。如图1所示，电子设备10可包括：玻璃盖板13、显示屏15、印刷电路板PCB17、壳体19和后盖21。
其中，玻璃盖板13可以紧贴显示屏15设置，可主要用于对显示屏15起到保护防尘作用。
其中，印刷电路板PCB17可以采用FR-4介质板，也可以采用罗杰斯(Rogers)介质板，也可以采用Rogers和FR-4的混合介质板，等等。这里，FR-4是一种耐燃材料等级的代号，Rogers介质板一种高频板。印刷电路板PCB17靠近壳体19的一侧可以设置一金属层，该金属层可以通过在PCB17的表面蚀刻金属形成。该金属层可用于印刷电路板PCB17上承载的电子元件接地，以防止用户触电或设备损坏。该金属层可以称为PCB地板。不限于PCB地板外，电子设备10还可以具有其他用来接地的地板，可例如金属中框。
其中，壳体19主要起整机的支撑作用。壳体19可以包括外围传导性结构11，结构11可以由金属等传导性材料形成。结构11可以绕电子设备10和显示屏15的外围延伸，结构11具体可以包围显示屏15的四个侧边，帮助固定显示屏15。在一种实现中，金属材料制成的结构11可以直接用作电子设备10的金属边框，形成金属边框的外观，适用于金属ID。在另一种实现中，结构11的外表面还可以设置非金属边框，例如塑料边框，形成非金属边框的外观，适用于非金属ID。
其中，后盖21可以是金属材料制成的后盖，也可以是非导电材料制成的后盖，如玻璃后盖、塑料后盖等非金属后盖。
图1仅示意性的示出了电子设备10包括的一些部件，这些部件的实际形状、实际大小和实际构造不受图1限定。
为了给用户带来更为舒适的视觉感受，电子设备10可以采用全面屏工业设计(industry design，ID)。全面屏意味着极大的屏占比(通常在90％以上)。全面屏的边框宽度大幅缩减，需要对电子设备10内部器件，如前置摄像头、受话器、指纹识别器、天线等，进行重新布局。尤其对于天线设计来说，净空区域缩减，天线空间进一步被压缩。而天线的尺寸、带宽、效率是相互关联、相互影响的，减小天线尺寸(空间)，天线的效率带宽积(efficiency-bandwidth product)势必减小。
本申请提供的天线设计方案可实现小型化的多模天线，可覆盖更多频段。
首先，介绍本申请将涉及四个天线模式。
1.共模(common mode，CM)线天线模式
如图2A所示，线天线101在中间位置103处连接馈源。馈源的正极连接在线天线101的中间位置103，馈源的负极连接地(例如地板)。
图2B示出了线天线101的电流、电场分布。如图2B所示，电流在中间位置103两侧反向，呈现对称分布；电场在中间位置103两侧，呈现同向分布。如图2B所示，馈电102处的电流呈现同向分布。基于馈电102处的电流同向分布，图2A所示的这种馈电可称为线天线CM馈电。图2B所示的这种线天线模式，可以称为CM线天线模式。图2B所示的电流、电场可分别称为CM线天线模式的电流、电场。
CM线天线模式的电流、电场是线天线101在中间位置103两侧的两个水平枝节作为1/4波长天线产生的。电流在线天线101的中间位置103处强，在线天线101的两端弱。电场在线天线101的中间位置103处弱，在线天线101的两端强。
2.差模(differential mode，DM)线天线模式
如图3A所示，线天线104在中间位置106处连接馈源。馈源的正极连接在中间位置106的一侧，馈源的负极连接在中间位置106的另一侧。
图3B示出了线天线104的电流、电场分布。如图3B所示，电流在中间位置106两侧同向，呈现反对称分布；电场在中间位置106两侧呈反向分布。如图3B所示，馈电105处的电流呈现反向分布。基于馈电105处的电流反向分布，图3A所示的这种馈电可称为线天线DM馈电。图3B所示的这种线天线模式可以称为DM线天线模式。图3B所示的电流、电场可分别称为DM线天线模式的电流、电场。
DM线天线模式的电流、电场是整个线天线104作为1/2波长天线产生的。电流在线天线104的中间位置106处强，在线天线104的两端弱。电场在线天线104的中间位置106处弱，在线天线104的两端强。
3.共模(common mode，CM)槽天线模式
如图4A所示，槽天线108可通过在地板上开槽形成。槽109的一侧设有开口107，开口107可具体开设在该侧的中间位置。开口107处可连接馈源。馈源的正极可连接在开口107的一侧，馈源的负极可连接在开口107的另一侧。
图4B示出了槽天线108的电流、电场、磁流分布。如图4B所示，电流在槽109周围的导体(如地板)上围绕槽109呈同向分布，电场在槽109的中间位置两侧呈现反向分布，磁流在槽109的中间位置两侧呈反向分布。如图4B所示，开口107处(即馈电处)的电场同向，开口107处(即馈电处)的磁流同向。基于开口107处(馈电处)的磁流同向，图4A所示的这种馈电可称为槽天线CM馈电。图4B所示的这种槽天线模式可以称为CM槽天线模式。图4B所示的电场、电流、磁流可分布称为CM槽天线模式的电场、电流、磁流。
CM槽天线模式的电流、电场是槽天线108的中间位置两侧的槽天线体作为1/4波长天线产生的。电流在槽天线108的中间位置处弱，在槽天线108的两端强。电场在槽天线108的中间位置处强，在槽天线108的两端弱。
4.差模(differential mode，DM)槽天线模式
如图5A所示，槽天线110可通过在地板上开槽形成。槽天线110的中间位置112处连接馈源。槽114的一侧边的中间位置连接馈源的正极，槽114的另一侧边的中间位置连接馈源的负极。
图5B示出了槽天线110的电流、电场、磁流分布。如图5B所示，在槽114周围的导体(如地板)上，电流围绕槽114分布，且在槽114的中间位置两侧呈反向分布，电场在中间位置112两侧呈现反向分布，磁流在中间位置112两侧呈同向分布。馈源处的磁流呈反向分布(未示出)。基于馈源处的磁流呈反向分布，图5A所示的这种馈电可称为槽天线DM馈电。图5B所示的这种槽天线模式可以称为DM槽天线模式。图5B所示的电场、电流、磁流可分布称为DM槽天线模式的电场、电流、磁流。
DM槽天线模式的电流、电场是整个槽天线110作为1/2波长天线产生的。电流在槽天线110的中间位置处弱，在槽天线110的两端强。电场在槽天线110的中间位置处强，在槽天线110的两端弱。
本申请提供以下天线设计方案，将融合上述4个天线模式中的多个天线模式，以覆盖更多频段，又能实现天线小型化。
方案一
方案一中，对特定形状的导体进行馈电设计，以激励出上述4个天线模式中的某两个天线模式。这样，可实现从一个特定形状的导体中激励出两个天线模式，在天线小型化的同时实现覆盖多个频段。
方案一所基于的原理是：在不考虑馈电的情况下，任意形状的导体可具有多个特征模(characteristic mode)。通过馈电设计可增强其中某一个或某几个特征模，从而选择出期望特征模。
下面结合附图详细说明方案一的多个实施例。
实施例1
实施例1中，针对条形导体，通过馈电设计，可激励出两种期望特征模。这两种期望特征模为：图2A-图2B所示的CM线天线模式、图3A-图3B所示的DM线天线模式。也即是说，通过对条形导体进行馈电设计，可从条形导体具有的多种特征模中选择出CM线天线模式、DM线天线模式。
图6A和图6B示出了条形导体111具有的两个特征模(不考虑馈电)。其中，图6A示出的特征模即CM线天线模式，条形导体111上的电流为CM线天线模式电流，即条形导体111上的电流呈现反向分布。图6B示出的特征模即DM线天线模式，条形导体111上的电流为DM线天线模式电流，即条形导体111上的电流呈现同向分布。
图7A示出了实施1提供的天线设计方案。如图7A所示，实施例1提供的线天线可包括：条形导体111、馈电点113和接地点115。其中：
馈电点113可以设置在条形导体111的中间位置。馈电点113可连接馈源。该馈源的正极可连接在馈电点113，该馈源的负极可连接地(如地板)。
在条形导体111上，接地点115可以设置在馈电点113附近。接地点115可连接接地枝节117。接地枝节117可用于连接地(如地板)。这里，附近可以是指馈电点113到接地枝节117的接地端A之间的长度小于1/4个工作波长1。即，馈电点113到接地点115之间的距离L BC与接地枝节117的长度L CA之和，小于1/4个工作波长1。工作波长1是指图7A所示线天线的CM线天线模式的工作波长，后面内容会介绍工作波长1的计算方式，这里先不展开。
馈电点113设置在条形导体111的中间位置，可使得条形导体111的中间位置处的电流强，条形导体111的两端的电流弱。这样，既可与前述CM线天线模式的电流强弱分布一致，也可与前述DM线天线模式的电流强弱一致，从而良好的耦合起条形导体111具有的两种特征模：CM线天线模式和DM线天线模式。也即是说，馈电点113的设计可激励图7A所示的线天线产生CM线天线模式和DM线天线模式。
图7B和图7C分别示出了分布在条形导体111上的频率不同的两路电流：电流116、电流118。其中，电流116在馈电点113两侧方向相反，电流118在馈电点113两侧方向相同。电流116是CM线天线模式的电流，电流118是DM线天线模式的电流。电流116是条形导体111在馈电点113两侧的水平枝节111-A、111-B产生的1/4波长模式的电流，电流118是整个条形导体111产生的1/2波长模式的电流。由于条形导体111上具有频率不同的两路电流：电流116、电流118，因此条形导体111上可产生两个不同谐振频率，图7A所示的线天线可具有至少两个不同的工作频段。实施例1中，电流116可以称为第一电流，电流118可以成为第二电流。
前述工作波长1(即图7A所示线天线的CM线天线模式的工作波长)可依据电流116的频率f1计算得到，因为电流116是CM线天线模式的电流。具体的，辐射信号在空气中的工作波长1可以如下计算：波长＝光速/f1。辐射信号在介质中的工作波长1可以如下计算：
Figure PCTCN2020125466-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2020125466-appb-000003
其中，ε为该介质的相对介电常数。实施例1中，前述工作波长1可以称为第一波长。
图7D示出了实施例1提供的天线设计方案在实际整机中的实施。如图7D所示，条形导体111可以是电子设备的部分金属边框，例如位于电子设备顶部或底部的金属边框。在条形导体111的中间位置，可对条形导体111馈电。接地枝节117可连接该金属边框和地板，可例如为设置在地板上的连接条形导体111的金属弹片。接地枝节117可设置在靠近馈电点113的附近。图7E示出了图7D所示天线的S11仿真。如图7E所示，该天线实际可以产生3个谐振：谐振“1”(LB1)、谐振“2”(LB2)、谐振“3”(LB2)。谐振“1”在0.7GHz附近，谐振“2”在0.85GHz附近，谐振“3”在1.05GHz附近。谐振“2”可由条形导体111的二分之一波长模式产生，即为DM线天线模式的谐振。谐振“3”可由条形导体111的四分之一波长模式产生，即为CM线天线模式的谐振。谐振“1”可由条形导体111的四分之一波长模式激励起地板产生，地板上分布有电流120。电流120的频率可不同于流116、电流118的频率，具体可低于电流116、电流118的频率。实施例1中，电流120可以称为第三电流。
可以看出，实施例1提供的天线设计方案，可利用一个条形导体激励出两个线天线模式：CM线天线模式和DM线天线模式，在天线小型化的同时实现覆盖多个频段。
实施例1的扩展方案
如图8A所示，馈电点113可以偏离条形导体111的中间位置，以覆盖更多频段。也即是说，在图8A所示的天线结构中，馈电点113到条形导体111的一端的距离L1，不等于，馈电点113到条形导体111的另一端的距离L2。以馈电点113为分界线，条形导体111可以划分为：长枝节、短枝节，长枝节即图8A中长度为L2的一段水平枝节，短枝节即图8A中长度为L1的一段水平枝节。在图8A所示的天线结构中，馈电点113附近可不必设置接地枝节117，即接地枝节117可以被移除。
与图7A实施例不同的是，图8A所示的天线结构中，条形导体111上可存在更多路频率不同的电流：电流20、电流21、电流22、电流23，可分别如图8B-图8E所示。在条形导体111上，电流20、电流22、电流23在馈电点113两侧的方向相反。电流21在整个条 形导体111上的方向相同。电流20是长枝节产生的1/4波长模式的电流。电流21是整个条形导体111产生的1/2波长模式的电流。电流22是短枝节产生的1/4波长模式的电流。电流23是长枝节产生的3/4波长模式的电流。由于条形导体111上可存在更多路频率不同的电流，因此，图8A所示的天线结构在实现天线小型化的同时，可覆盖更多工作频段。
实施例2
实施例2中，针对特定开槽导体，通过馈电设计，可激励出两种期望特征模。这两种期望特征模为：图4A-图4B所示的CM槽天线模式、图5A-图5B所示的DM槽天线模式。也即是说，通过对特定开槽导体进行馈电设计，可从特定开槽导体具有的多种特征模中选择出CM槽天线模式、DM槽天线模式。
图9A和图9B示出了开槽金属板具有的两个特征模(不考虑馈电)。该开槽金属板即实施例2中选择的特定开槽导体，可例如为地板。该开槽金属板具有槽31，槽31可通过在地板上开槽实现。槽31的一侧设有开口33，开口33可具体开设在该侧的中间位置。开口33可连通槽31至槽31外部的自由空间。其中，图9A示出的特征模即CM槽天线模式，图9A所示的电流、电场为CM槽天线模式的电流、电场。图9B示出的特征模即DM槽天线模式，图9B所示的电流、电场为DM槽天线模式的电流、电场。除了CM槽天线模式、DM槽天线模式，图9A-图9B所示的开槽导体还可具有其他特征模，这里不展开说明。
图10A示出了实施2提供的天线设计方案。如图10A所示，实施例2提供的槽天线可包括：金属板、槽31。其中：
金属板可以是地板。槽31可通过在金属板(例如地板)上开槽实现。槽31的一侧可设有开口33，开口33可具体开设在该侧的中间位置。槽31可以使用例如聚合物、玻璃、陶瓷等材料或者这些材料的组合填充。开口33也可以使用例如聚合物、玻璃、陶瓷等材料或者这些材料的组合填充。
槽31的位置35处可连接有馈源。在位置35处，馈源的正极连接槽31的一侧，馈源的负极连接槽31的另一侧。实施例2中，连接馈源的正极的一侧可以称为槽31的第一侧，连接馈源的负极的一侧可以称为槽31的第二侧。位置35可设置在开口33附近。这里，附近可以是指馈电位置35到开口33之间的距离L3小于1/4个工作波长2。工作波长2是图10A所示槽天线的CM槽天线模式的工作波长，后面内容会介绍工作波长2的计算方式，这里先不展开。可选的，距离L3还可大于1/8个工作波长2，以便于在实际整机中的实施。在开口33附近馈电，可使得槽31的中间位置附近的电流弱、槽31两端的电流强。这样，既可与CM槽天线的1/4波长模式的电流强弱分布一致，也可与DM槽天线的1/2波长模式的电流强弱一致，从而良好的耦合起图10A所示的开槽金属板具有的特征模：CM槽天线模式和DM槽天线模式。
馈电位置35的设计可激励图10A所示的槽天线产生CM槽天线模式和DM槽天线模式。如图10B和图10C所示，图10A所示的槽天线上可存在围绕槽31的频率不同的两路电流：电流36、电流38。实施例2中，电流36、电流38可以分别称为第一电流、第二电流。电流36围绕槽31同向分布。电流38围绕槽31分布，且在开口33两侧呈反向分布。图10A所示的槽天线上可存在频率不同的电场：电场32、电场34。在槽31上，电场32 在开口33两侧呈反向分布，和电流36同频率，是CM槽天线模式的电场。电场34在槽31上的呈同向分布，和电流38同频率，是DM槽天线模式的电场。电场34的频率f3高于电场32的频率f4。由于图10A所示的槽天线上存在频率不同的两种电场：电场32、电场34，因此该槽天线可具有至少两个不同的工作频段。
前述工作波长2(即CM槽天线模式的工作波长)可依据电流36、电场32的频率f4计算得到，因为电场32是CM槽天线模式的电场。具体的，辐射信号在空气中的工作波长2可以如下计算：波长＝光速/f4。辐射信号在介质中的工作波长2可以如下计算：
Figure PCTCN2020125466-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2020125466-appb-000005
其中，ε为该介质的相对介电常数。实施例2中，前述工作波长2可以称为第一波长。
可以看出，实施例2提供的天线设计方案，可利用一个开槽导体激励出两个槽天线模式：CM槽天线模式和DM槽天线模式，在天线小型化的同时实现覆盖多个频段。
实施例2的扩展方案
如图11A所示，槽31的开口33的位置可以偏离槽31的开口侧的中间位置，以覆盖更多频段。也即是说，在图11A所示的槽天线结构中，开口33到槽31的一端的距离L4，不等于，开口33到槽31的另一端的距离L5。以开口33的位置为分界线，图11A所示的槽天线可以划分为：长槽体、短槽体，长槽体即图11A中长度为L4的一段槽体，短槽体即图11A中长度为L5的一段槽体。
在图11A所示的槽天线结构中，馈电位置35可设计在开口33附近。关于附近所表达的含义，前述实施例2中进行了说明，这里不再赘述。与图10A实施例不同的是，图11A所示的槽天上可存在更多频率不同的电场：电场50、电场51、电场52、电场53，可分别如图11B-图11E所示。电场50、电场51、电场52、电场53在槽31上呈反向分布。电场51在水平枝节13上呈同向分布。电场50是长槽体产生的1/4波长模式的电场。电场51是整个槽天线产生的1/2波长模式的电场。电场52是短槽体产生的1/4波长模式的电场。电场53是长槽体产生的1/4波长模式的电场。由于图11A所示的槽天线上可存在更多频率不同的电场，因此，图11A所示的天线结构在实现天线小型化的同时，可覆盖更多工作频段。
方案二
方案二中，通过馈电的槽天线耦合线天线，或者馈电的线天线耦合槽天线，形成耦合天线结构，以组合上述4个天线模式中的线天线模式和槽天线模式。这样，可实现通过馈电一个天线来激励出两个天线模式，在天线小型化的同时实现覆盖多个频段。
下面结合附图详细说明方案二的多个实施例。
实施例3
实施例3中，馈电天线可以是图5A所示的DM槽天线，耦合天线可以是图3A所示的DM线天线，可激励出DM槽天线模式和DM线天线模式。
图12A-图12B示出了实施3提供的天线设计方案。其中，图12A示出了该天线设计方案的立体示意图，图12B示出了该天线设计方案的俯视平面示意图。如图12A-图12B所示，实施例3提供的天线结构可包括：至少一个线天线61、槽天线63。其中：
线天线61可以是图3A所示的DM线天线。线天线61可以是悬浮天线，可以设置于 后盖21的内表面，也可以设置于后盖21的外表面，还可以嵌入于后盖21中。例如，线天线61可以是粘贴于后盖21内表面的金属条，还可以使用导电银浆印制在后盖21内表面上。
槽天线63可以是图5A所示的DM槽天线。槽天线63可包括金属板和槽60。槽天线63可通过在金属板(如PCB 17)上开槽形成。槽天线63的中间位置65处可连接有馈源，即槽天线63的馈电位置65可位于其中间位置。具体的，槽60的一侧边的中间位置可连接馈源的正极，槽60另一侧边的中间位置可连接馈源的负极。槽60可以使用例如聚合物、玻璃、陶瓷等材料或者这些材料的组合填充。
线天线61可平行于槽天线63所处的平面，并垂直于槽天线63的槽60。该平面可以称为开槽面，即前述金属板所在平面。线天线61在开槽面的投影与槽天线63的槽60可以在该投影的中间位置相交。线天线61在开槽面的投影与槽60的相交部分67，到槽天线63的馈电位置65之间的距离可小于1/2个工作波长3。工作波长3是指槽天线63的工作波长。实施例3中，工作波长3可以称为第一波长。
线天线61与馈电的槽天线63之间的耦合间距可以是线天线61到槽天线63所处的平面之间的距离。该距离小于第一距离，如小于1毫米。应理解的是，耦合间距越小，耦合效应越强。本申请对该耦合间距的具体取值不做限制，满足支槽天线63能够耦合悬浮的线天线61即可。
应理解的是，线天线61与馈电的槽天线63所处的平面之间也可不平行。当二者之间不平行时，馈电的槽天线63也可以耦合悬浮的线天线61，此时耦合效果可能弱于二者平行时的耦合效果。
下面说明图12A-图12B示例性所示的天线结构可以产生的谐振模式。
请参阅图12C，图12C中的“1”、“2”、“3”代表不同的谐振。该耦合天线结构可以在1.6GHz附近产生谐振“1”，在2.5GHz附近产生谐振“2”，还可以在3.9GHz附近产生谐振“3”。具体的：谐振“1”可由槽天线63的二分之一波长模式产生。谐振“2”可由较长的线天线61的二分之一波长模式产生，谐振“3”可由较短的线天线61的二分之一波长模式产生。
图12D-图12F示例性示出了谐振“1”、“2”、“3”的电流分布。如图12D所示，谐振“1”的电流71在槽天线63上围绕槽60反向分布，具体在馈电点65两侧呈对称反向，在槽60中间附近的电流弱，在槽60两端附近的电流强。实施例3中，围绕槽63的电流71可以称为第一电流。如图12E所示，谐振“2”的电流72在较长的线天线61上同向分布，在该线天线61的中间强，在该线天线61的两端弱。如图12F所指示，谐振“3”的电流73在较短的线天线61上同向分布，在该线天线61的中间强，在该线天线61的两端弱。实施例3中，线天线61上的电流可以称为第二电流。
不限制槽天线63产生谐振“1”的波长模式，谐振“1”也可由槽天线63的一倍波长模式、二分之三波长模式等产生。不限制较长的线天线61产生谐振“2”的波长模式，谐振“2”也可由较长的线天线61的二分之三波长模式、二分之五波长模式等产生。不限制较短的线天线61产生谐振“3”的波长模式，谐振“3”也可由较短的线天线61的二分之三波长模式、二分之五波长模式等产生。
图12A-图12B示例性所示的天线结构中有2个长度不同的线天线61。不限于此，该 天线结构也可以有更多线天线61。也即是说，馈电的槽天线63可同时耦合两个以上的线天线61，以覆盖更多频段。该天线结构也可以仅有一个线天线61。长度不同的两个或两个以上的线天线61各自在开槽面的投影可相互平行。可选的，这两个或两个以上的线天线61可以同处于一个平面中，该平面可平行于开槽面。该平面可以称为第一平面。由于各自长度不同，因此，这两个或两个以上的线天线61上分布的第二电流的频率也不同。
除了图12C中示出的1.6GHz频段、2.5GHz频段、3.9GHz频段，图12A-图12B示例性所示的天线结构还可以产生其他频段的谐振，具体可通过调整该天线结构中各个天线辐射体(如槽天线63、线天线61)的尺寸来设置。
本申请中，频段是指一个频率范围。例如2.5GHz频段可以是指2.4835GHz～2.5835GHz的频率范围，即2.5GHz附近的频率范围。
可以看出，实施例3提供的天线设计方案，馈电的槽天线63工作在DM槽天线模式的同时，还可耦合一个或多个线天线61工作在DM线天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。而且，线天线61可设计成设置于后盖上的悬浮天线，不占用电子设备内部的设计空间，受内部器件的影响很小。
实施例4
和实施例3一样，实施例4提供的天线结构也可激励出DM线天线模式和DM槽天线模式。和实施例3不同的是，实施例4中的馈电天线可以是图3A所示的DM线天线，耦合天线可以是图5A所示的DM槽天线。
图13A-图13B示出了实施4提供的天线设计方案。其中，图13A示出了该天线设计方案的立体示意图，图13B示出了该天线设计方案的俯视平面示意图。如图12A-图12B所示，实施例4提供的天线结构可包括：线天线81、槽天线83。其中：
线天线81可以是图3A所示的DM线天线。线天线81的中间位置可连接有馈源，即线天线81的馈电位置85可以是线天线81的中间位置。具体的，馈源的正极可连接在该中间位置的一侧，馈源的负极连接在该中间位置的另一侧。线天线81可以是悬浮天线，可以设置于后盖21的内表面，也可以设置于后盖21的外表面，还可以嵌入于后盖21中。
槽天线83可以是图5A所示的DM槽天线。槽天线83可包括金属板和槽80。槽天线83可通过在金属板(如PCB地板)上开槽形成。槽80可以使用例如聚合物、玻璃、陶瓷等材料或者这些材料的组合填充。
线天线81可平行于槽天线83所处的平面，并垂直于槽天线83的槽80。该平面可以称为开槽面，即前述金属板所在平面。线天线81在开槽面的投影与槽天线83的槽80可以在该投影的中间位置相交。线天线81在开槽面的投影与槽80的相交部分A，到槽天线83的中间位置B的距离L6，可大于1/8个工作波长4，小于1/2个工作波长4。工作波长4是指槽天线83的工作波长。实施例4中，前述工作波长4可以称为第一波长。
关于馈电的线天线81与槽天线83之间的耦合间距的相关描述，可以参考实施例3，这里不再赘述。
下面说明图13A-图13B示例性所示的天线结构可以产生的谐振模式。
请参阅图13C，图13C中的“1”、“2”代表不同的谐振。该耦合天线结构可以在1.5GHz 附近产生谐振“1”，在2.1GHz附近产生谐振“2”。具体的：谐振“1”可由线天线81的二分之一波长模式产生。谐振“2”可由槽天线83的二分之一波长模式产生。
图13D-图13E示例性示出了谐振“1”、“2”的电流分布。如图13D所示，谐振“1”的电流91在线天线81上同向分布，具体在线天线81的中间强，在线天线81的两端弱。如图13E所示，谐振“2”的电流93在槽天线83上围绕槽80反向分布，具体在位置B两侧呈反向分布，在位置B附近的电流弱，在槽80两端附近的电流强。
除了图13C中示出的1.5GHz频段、2.1GHz频段，图13A-图13B示例性所示的天线结构还可以产生其他频段的谐振，具体可通过调整该天线结构中各个天线辐射体(如槽天线83、线天线81)的尺寸来设置。
可以看出，实施例4提供的天线设计方案，馈电的线天线81工作在DM线天线模式的同时，还可耦合槽天线83工作在DM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。线天线81可设计成设置于后盖上的悬浮天线，不占用电子设备内部的设计空间，受内部器件的影响很小。该天线结构中，馈电的线天线81还可以耦合更多尺寸不同的槽天线83，以覆盖更多频段。
实施例5
实施例5中，馈电天线可以是图2A所示的CM线天线，耦合天线可以是图4A所示的CM槽天线，可激励出CM线天线模式和CM槽天线模式。
图14A-图14B示出了实施5提供的天线设计方案。如图14A-图14B所示，实施例5提供的天线结构可包括：线天线121、槽天线123。其中：
线天线121可以是图2A所示的CM线天线。线天线121的馈电位置122可在设置在线天线121的中间位置。馈电位置122可连接馈源125。馈源125的正极可连接在馈电位置122，馈源125的负极可连接地(如地板)。
槽天线123可以是图4A所示的CM槽天线。槽天线123可通过在金属板上开槽形成。槽天线123可包括槽127。槽127的靠近线天线121的一侧126可开设有开口129，开口129可具体开设在该侧的中间位置。槽127可以使用例如聚合物、玻璃、陶瓷等材料或者这些材料的组合填充。开口129也可以使用例如聚合物、玻璃、陶瓷等材料或者这些材料的组合填充。
馈电的线天线121和槽天线123可以在二者的中间位置处，相互靠近且相互垂直。具体的：线天线121可以在槽天线123的一侧126垂直于槽天线123所处的平面。该平面可以称为开槽面，即前述金属板所在平面。槽天线123所处的平面可以在线天线121的中间位置垂直于线天线121。线天线121连接的馈源的正极可位于槽天线123的开口129的一侧，线天线121连接的馈源的负极可位于槽天线123的开口129的另一侧。
线天线121和槽天线123之间的耦合间距可以是槽天线123所处的平面和线天线121之间的距离。该距离可以小于特定值，例如1毫米。应理解的是，耦合间距越小，耦合效应越强。本申请对该耦合间距的具体取值不做限制，满足馈电的线天线121能够耦合槽天线123即可。
下面说明图14A-图14B示例性所示的天线结构可以产生的谐振模式。
请参阅图14C，图14C中的“1”、“2”代表不同的谐振。该耦合天线结构可以在1.3GHz 附近产生谐振“1”，在2.0GHz附近产生谐振“2”。具体的：谐振“1”可由槽天线123的四分之一波长模式产生。谐振“2”可由线天线121的四分之一波长模式产生。
图14D-图14E示例性示出了谐振“1”、“2”的电流分布。如图14D所示，谐振“1”的电流121在槽天线123上围绕槽127同向分布，具体在槽127中间附近的电流弱，在槽127两端附近的电流强。如图14E所示，谐振“2”的电流123在线天线121上反向分布，具体在馈电点125两侧反向对称分布，在线天线121的中间强，在线天线121的两端弱。
不限制槽天线123产生谐振“1”的波长模式，谐振“1”也可由槽天线123的四分之三波长模式等产生。不限制线天线121产生谐振“2”的波长模式，谐振“2”也可线天线121的四分之三波长模式等产生。
除了图14C中示出的1.3GHz频段、2.0GHz频段，图14A示例性所示的天线结构还可以产生其他频段的谐振，具体可通过调整该天线结构中各个天线辐射体(如槽天线123、线天线121)的尺寸来设置。
可以看出，实施例5提供的天线设计方案，馈电的线天线121工作在CM线天线模式的同时，还可耦合槽天线123工作在CM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。该天线结构中，馈电的线天线121还可以耦合更多尺寸不同的槽天线123，以覆盖更多频段。
实施例6
和实施例5一样，实施例6提供的天线结构也可激励出CM线天线模式和CM槽天线模式。和实施例5不同的是，实施例6的馈电天线可以是图4A所示的CM槽天线，耦合天线可以是图2A所示的CM线天线。
实施例6提供的天线结构中，CM线天线与CM槽天线的之间位置关系可参考实施例5中的线天线121和槽天线123之间的位置关系，这里不再赘述。CM槽天线的开口129处可连接馈源。馈源的正极可连接在开口129的一侧，馈源的负极可连接在开口129的另一侧。
实施例7
实施例7中，馈电天线可以是图2A所示的CM线天线，耦合天线可以是图5A所示的DM槽天线，可激励出CM线天线模式和DM槽天线模式。
图15A-图15B示出了实施7提供的天线设计方案。如图15A所示，实施例7提供的天线结构可包括：线天线141、槽天线143。图15A中线天线141和槽天线143可以共平面。图15B中线天线141的平面和槽天线143的平面可以相互垂直。其中：
线天线141可以是图2A所示的CM线天线。线天线141的馈电位置142可在设置在线天线141的中间位置。馈电位置142可连接馈源。馈源的正极可连接在馈电位置142，馈源的负极可连接地(如地板)。
槽天线143可以是图5A所示的DM槽天线。槽天线143可通过在金属板上开槽形成。槽天线143可包括槽147。槽147可以使用例如聚合物、玻璃、陶瓷等材料或者这些材料的组合填充。
馈电的线天线141和槽天线143可以相互靠近且相互平行。具体的，线天线141可以 平行于槽天线143。线天线141的中间位置和槽天线143的中间位置之间的连线可以既垂直于线天线141，又垂直于槽天线143。也可以说，线天线141和槽147共中垂面。
线天线141和槽天线143之间的耦合间距可以是线天线141到槽天线143之间的距离。该距离可以小于特定值，例如5毫米。应理解的是，耦合间距越小，耦合效应越强。本申请对该耦合间距的具体取值不做限制，满足馈电的线天线141能够耦合槽天线143即可。
下面说明图15A-图15B示例性所示的天线结构可以产生的谐振模式。
请参阅图15C，图15C中的“1”、“2”代表不同的谐振。该耦合天线结构可以在1.51GHz附近产生谐振“1”，在1.95GHz附近产生谐振“2”。具体的：谐振“1”可由线天线141的四分之一波长模式产生。谐振“2”可由槽天线143的二分之一波长模式产生。
图15D-图15E示例性示出了谐振“1”、“2”的电流分布。如图15D所示，谐振“1”的电流151分布在线天线141和地板上，即线天线141还激励起地板产生辐射。电流151在线天线141上呈反向对称分布，在线天线141的中间强，在线天线121的两端弱。如图15E所示，谐振“2”的电流153在槽天线143上围绕槽147反向分布，具体在槽147的中间位置两侧呈反向对称分布，在槽147中间附近的电流弱，在槽147两端附近的电流强。
不限制线天线141产生谐振“1”的波长模式，谐振“1”也可由线天线141的四分之三波长模式等产生。不限制槽天线143产生谐振“2”的波长模式，谐振“2”也可槽天线143的一倍波长模式、二分之三波长模式等产生。
除了图15C中示出的1.51GHz频段、1.95GHz频段，图15A-图15B示例性所示的天线结构还可以产生其他频段的谐振，具体可通过调整该天线结构中各个天线辐射体(如线天线141、槽天线143)的尺寸来设置。
可以看出，实施例7提供的天线设计方案，馈电的线天线141工作在CM线天线模式的同时，还可耦合槽天线143工作在DM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。该天线结构中，馈电的线天线121还可以耦合更多尺寸不同的槽天线123，以覆盖更多频段。
实施例8
和实施例7一样，实施例8提供的天线结构也可激励出CM线天线模式和DM槽天线模式。和实施例7不同的是，实施例8的馈电天线可以是图5A所示的DM槽天线，耦合天线可以是图2A所示的CM线天线。
如图16所示，实施例8提供的天线结构中，CM线天线与DM槽天线的之间位置关系可参考实施例7中的线天线121和槽天线123之间的位置关系，这里不再赘述。DM槽天线的馈电位置可设置在DM槽天线的中间位置。在该馈电位置，馈源的正极连接DM槽天线的一侧，馈源的负极连接DM槽天线的另一侧。
实施例9
实施例9中，馈电天线可以是图3A所示的DM线天线，耦合天线可以是图4A所示的CM槽天线，可激励出DM线天线模式和CM槽天线模式。
图17A示出了实施例9提供的天线设计方案。如图17A所示，实施例9提供的天线结构可包括：线天线161、槽天线163。其中：
线天线161可以是图3A所示的DM线天线。线天线161的中间位置可连接馈源，即线天线161的馈电位置165可以是线天线161的中间位置。具体的，馈源的正极可连接在该中间位置的一侧，馈源的负极连接在该中间位置的另一侧。线天线161可以是悬浮天线，可以设置于后盖21的内表面，也可以设置于后盖21的外表面，还可以嵌入于后盖21中。
槽天线163可以是图4A所示的CM槽天线。槽天线163可通过在金属板上开槽形成。槽天线163可包括槽167。槽167的靠近线天线161的一侧可开设有开口169，开口169可具体开设在该侧的中间位置。槽167可以使用例如聚合物、玻璃、陶瓷等材料或者这些材料的组合填充。开口169也可以使用例如聚合物、玻璃、陶瓷等材料或者这些材料的组合填充。
馈电的线天线161和槽天线163可以相互靠近且相互平行。具体的，线天线161可以平行于槽天线163。线天线161的中间位置和槽天线163的中间位置之间的连线可以既垂直于线天线161，又垂直于槽天线163。也即是说，也可以说，辐射枝节141-A和槽147共中垂面。
线天线161和槽天线163之间的耦合间距可以是线天线161到槽天线163之间的距离。该距离可以小于特定值，例如5毫米。应理解的是，耦合间距越小，耦合效应越强。本申请对该耦合间距的具体取值不做限制，满足馈电的线天线161能够耦合槽天线163即可。
图17B-图17C示例性示出了DM线天线模式、CM槽天线模式的电流分布。如图17B所示，DM线天线模式的电流171在线天线161同向分布。电流171在线天线161的中间强，在线天线161的两端弱。如图17C所示，CM槽天线模式的电流173在槽天线163上围绕槽167同向分布。电流173具体在槽167中间附近弱，在槽167两端附近强。
实施例9提供的天线设计方案，馈电的线天线161工作在DM线天线模式的同时，还可耦合槽天线163工作在CM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。线天线161可设计成设置于后盖上的悬浮天线，不占用电子设备内部的设计空间，受内部器件的影响很小。该天线结构中，馈电的线天线161还可以耦合更多尺寸不同的槽天线163，以覆盖更多频段。
实施例10
和实施例9一样，实施例10提供的天线结构也可激励出DM线天线模式和CM槽天线模式。和实施例9不同的是，实施例10的馈电天线可以是图4A所示的CM槽天线，耦合天线可以是图3A所示的DM线天线。
如图18所示，实施例10提供的天线结构中，DM线天线和CM槽天线的之间位置关系可参考实施例9中的线天线161和槽天线163之间的位置关系，这里不再赘述。CM槽天线的开口169处可连接馈源。馈源的正极可连接在开口169的一侧，馈源的负极可连接在开口169的另一侧。
方案三
方案三中，对槽天线和线天线进行合成，得到兼具二者枝节特点的天线，以具备线天线模式和槽天线模式。并通过单馈的馈电设计激励出这两个天线模式，在天线小型化的同时实现覆盖多个频段。
下面结合附图详细说明方案三的多个实施例。
实施例11
实施例11中，对CM线天线和CM槽天线进行合成，得到兼具CM线天线模式和CM槽天线模式的天线结构。通过馈电设计，可激励出CM线天线模式和CM槽天线模式。
图19A示出了实施11提供的天线设计方案。如图19A所示，实施例11提供的天线结构可包括：条形枝节181、槽183。其中：
条形枝节181和槽183可以相互平行。槽183可以通过在地板上开槽形成。槽183的侧边183-A靠近条形枝节181，侧边183-A可设有开口185。开口185具体可设于侧边183-A的中间位置，也可以设于偏离中间位置处。本实施例中，侧边183-A可以称为第一侧边。
条形枝节181可具有连接点B，可在连接点B处连接接地枝节187。接地枝节187可用于在开口185的一端(C端)连接槽183的侧边183-A和条形枝节181。条形枝节181上可设置馈电点A，馈电点A可用于连接馈源。具体的，馈源的正极连接在馈电点A，馈源的负极在开口185的另一端(D端)连接槽183的侧边183-A。
条形枝节181上的馈电点A到连接点B之间的距离L8，可以小于1/4个工作波长5。工作波长5是指条形枝节181的工作波长，即CM线天线模式的工作波长。实施例11中，工作波长5可以称为第一波长。
下面说明图19A示例性所示的天线结构可以产生的谐振模式。
请参阅图19B，图19B中的“1”、“2”、“3”、“4”、“5”代表不同的谐振。该天线结构可以在1.2GHz附近产生谐振“1”，在1.8GHz附近产生谐振“2”，在2.3GHz附近产生谐振“3”，在3.0GHz附近产生谐振“4”，在5.3GHz附近产生谐振“5”。具体的：谐振“1”可由条形枝节181的四分之一波长模式产生，是CM线天线模式的谐振。谐振“2”可由条形枝节181的二分之一波长模式产生，是DM线天线模式的谐振。谐振“3”可由条形枝节181的四分之一波长模式的倍频(两倍倍频)产生。谐振“4”可由槽183的四分之一波长模式产生，是CM槽天线模式的谐振。谐振“5”可由槽183的四分之一波长模式的倍频产生。
图19C-图19D示例性示出了谐振“1”、“2”的电流分布。如图19C所示，谐振“1”的电流在条形枝节181上呈反向分布，在条形枝节181的中间的电流强，在条形枝节181两端的电流弱。谐振“1”的电流是条形枝节181的四分之一波长模式产生的电流，是CM线天线模式的电流。CM线天线模式还激励起地板产生谐振。如图19D所示，谐振“2”的电流在条形枝节181上呈同向分布，在条形枝节181的中间的电流强，在条形枝节181两端的电流弱。谐振“4”的电流(未示出)围绕槽183同向分布，是槽183的二分之一波长模式产生的电流，是DM线天线模式的电流。
图19E示例性示出了谐振“4”的电场分布。如图19E所示，谐振“4”的电场在槽183上呈反向分布，在槽183的中间的电场强，在槽183的两端的电场弱。谐振“4”的电场是槽183的四分之一波长模式产生的电场，是CM槽天线模式的电场。
不限制条形枝节181产生谐振“1”的波长模式，谐振“1”也可由条形枝节181的四分之三波长模式等产生。不限制条形枝节181产生谐振“2”的波长模式，谐振“2”也可由条形枝节181的二分之三波长模式、二分之五波长模式等产生。不限制槽183产生谐振 “4”的波长模式，谐振“4”也可由槽183的二分之三波长模式、二分之五波长模式等产生。
除了图19B中示出的1.2GHz频段、1.8GHz频段、2.3GHz频段、3.0GHz频段、5.3GHz频段，图19A示例性所示的天线结构还可以产生其他频段的谐振，具体可通过调整该天线结构中各个枝节(如条形枝节181、槽183)的尺寸来设置。
可以看出，实施例11提供的天线设计方案，通过对CM线天线和CM槽天线进行合成，得到兼具CM线天线和CM槽天线的枝节特点的天线结构。通过单馈的馈电设计，可激励出CM线天线模式和CM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。
实施例12
实施例12中，对DM线天线和DM槽天线进行合成，得到兼具DM线天线和DM槽天线的枝节特点的天线结构。通过馈电设计，可激励出DM线天线模式和DM槽天线模式。
图20A示出了实施12提供的天线设计方案。如图20A所示，实施例12提供的天线结构可包括：条形导体191、槽193。其中：
槽193可通过在条形导体191上开槽形成。槽193的开槽方向可垂直于条型导体193的延伸方向。槽193可在条型导体193的中间位置垂直于条型导体193。槽193的中间位置可连接馈源，该馈源的正极可连接槽193的一侧边，该馈源的负极可连接槽193的另一侧边。
图20B-图20C示例性示出了图20A的天线结构具有的模式电流、模式电场。图20B所示的电流在槽193两侧的导体上呈同向分布，其方向具体和条形导体191的延伸方向一致，该电流是该天线结构的CM线天线模式的电流。图20C所示的电流围绕着槽193呈反向分布，是该天线结构的CM槽天线模式的电流。图20C所示的电场在槽193上呈同向分布，是该天线结构的CM槽天线模式的电场。
可以看出，实施例12提供的天线设计方案，可通过在条形导体上开槽以兼具DM线天线和DM槽天线的枝节特点，并能通过馈电设计激励出两个槽天线模式：DM线天线模式和DM槽天线模式，在天线小型化的同时实现覆盖多个频段。
实施例12中，馈电点A也可以偏离槽193的中间位置设置，可如图20D所示。偏置的馈电点A可将槽193划分为短槽体193-A和长槽体193-B。这种馈电点偏置可使得该天线结构能够覆盖更多频段。下面说明20D示例性所示的天线结构可以产生的谐振模式。
请参阅图20E，图20E中的“1”、“2”、“3”代表不同的谐振。该天线结构可以在1.5GHz附近产生谐振“1”，在2.4GHz附近产生谐振“2”，在4.6GHz附近产生谐振“3”。具体的：谐振“1”可由槽193的二分之一波长模式产生。谐振“2”可由条形导体191的二分之一波长模式产生。谐振“3”可由槽193的二分之一波长模式的倍频(3倍频)产生。
图20F-图20H示例性示出了谐振“1”、“2”、“3”的电流分布。如图20F所示，谐振“1”的电流围绕着槽193呈反向分布，围绕短槽193-A的电流强，围绕长槽193-B的电流弱。如图20G所示，谐振“2”的电流在条形导体191上呈同向分布，在条形导体191的中间的电流强，在条形导体191两端的电流弱。如图20H所示，谐振“3”的电流围绕着槽193呈反向分布，围绕着长槽193-B的电流强，围绕着短槽193-A的电流弱。
不限制槽193产生谐振“1”的波长模式，谐振“1”也可由槽193的二分之三波长模式等产生。不限制条形枝节181产生谐振“2”的波长模式，谐振“2”也可由条形导体191的二分之三波长模式、二分之五波长模式等产生。
除了图20E中示出的1.5GHz频段、2.4GHz频段、4.6GHz频段，图20D示例性所示的天线结构还可以产生其他频段的谐振，具体可通过调整该天线结构中各个枝节(如条形导体191、槽193)的尺寸来设置。
实施例13
实施例13中，对CM线天线和DM槽天线进行合成，得到兼具CM线天线和DM槽天线的枝节特点的天线结构。通过馈电设计，可激励出CM线天线模式和DM槽天线模式。
图21A示出了实施13提供的天线设计方案。如图21A所示，实施例13提供的天线结构可包括：条形枝节201、槽203。其中：
条形枝节201和槽203可以相互平行。槽203可以通过在地板上开槽形成。条形枝节201可具有连接点B，可在连接点B处连接枝节205。枝节205可用于连接槽203的一侧边。连接点B具体可以设置在条形枝节201的中间位置。
槽203的中间位置可连接馈源。在该中间位置，馈源的正极连接槽203的一侧，馈源的负极连接槽203的另一侧。
下面说明图21A示例性所示的天线结构可以产生的谐振模式。
请参阅图21B，图21B中的“1”、“2”、“3”代表不同的谐振。该天线结构可以在1.45GHz附近产生谐振“1”，在2.0GHz附近产生谐振“2”，在3.6GHz附近产生谐振“3”。具体的：谐振“1”可由槽203的二分之一波长模式产生，是DM槽天线模式的谐振。谐振“2”可由条形枝节201的四分之一波长模式产生，是CM线天线模式的谐振。谐振“3”可由槽203的二分之一波长模式的倍频(3倍倍频)产生。
图21C-图21E示例性示出了谐振“1”、“2”、“3”的电流分布。如图21C所示，谐振“1”的电流围绕着槽203呈反向分布，电流在槽203的两端强，电流在槽203的中间弱。谐振“1”的电流是槽203二分之一波长模式产生的电流，是DM槽天线模式的电流。如图21D所示，谐振“2”的电流在条形枝节201上呈反向分布，在条形枝节201的中间的电流强，在条形枝节201两端的电流弱。谐振“2”的电流是条形枝节201的四分之一波长模式产生的电流，是CM线天线模式的电流。如图21E所示，谐振“3”的电流围绕着槽203呈反向分布，电流在槽203的两端强，电流在槽203的中间弱。谐振“3”的电流是槽203二分之一波长模式的倍频(3倍频)产生的电流，是DM槽天线模式的电流。
不限制槽203产生谐振“1”的波长模式，谐振“1”也可由槽203的二分之三波长模式等产生。不限制条形枝节201产生谐振“2”的波长模式，谐振“2”也可由条形枝节201的四分之三波长模式等产生。
除了图21B中示出的1.45GHz频段、2.0GHz频段、3.6GHz频段，图21A示例性所示的天线结构还可以产生其他频段的谐振，具体可通过调整该天线结构中各个枝节(如条形枝节201、槽203)的尺寸来设置。
可以看出，实施例13提供的天线设计方案，通过对CM线天线和DM槽天线进行合成， 得到兼具CM线天线和DM槽天线的枝节特点的天线结构。通过单馈的馈电设计，可激励出CM线天线模式和DM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。
实施例14
实施例14中，对DM线天线和CM槽天线进行合成，得到兼具DM线天线和CM槽天线的枝节特点的天线结构。通过馈电设计，可激励出DM线天线模式和CM槽天线模式。
图22A示出了实施14提供的天线设计方案。如图22A所示，实施例14提供的天线结构可包括：条形枝节211、槽213。其中：
条形枝节211和槽213可以相互平行。槽213可以通过在地板上开槽形成。槽213的侧边213-A靠近条形枝节211，侧边213-A可设有开口215。开口215具体可设于侧边213-A的中间位置，也可以设于偏离中间位置处。本实施例中，侧边213-A可以称为第一侧边。
条形枝节211可具有连接点A和连接点B。条形枝节211可在连接点A处连接枝节217，条形枝节211可在连接点B处连接枝节219。枝节217可用于在开口215的一端(C端)连接槽213的侧边213-A和条形枝节211。枝节219可用于在开口215的另一端(D端)连接槽213的侧边213-A和条形枝节211。本实施例中，连接点A和连接点B以分别称为第一连接点、第二连接点。本实施例中，枝节217、枝节219可以分别称为第一枝节、第二枝节。
开口215处可连接馈源。在开口215处，馈源的正极在开口215的一端(C端)连接枝节217，馈源的负极在开口215的另一端(D端)连接枝节219。
下面说明图22A示例性所示的天线结构可以产生的谐振模式。
请参阅图22B，图22B中的“1”、“2”、“3”代表不同的谐振。该天线结构可以在2.28GHz附近产生谐振“1”，在3.5GHz附近产生谐振“2”，在5.7GHz附近产生谐振“3”。具体的：谐振“1”可由条形枝节211的二分之一波长模式产生，是DM线天线模式的谐振。谐振“2”可由槽213的四分之一波长模式产生，是CM槽天线模式的谐振。谐振“3”可由条形枝节211的二分之一波长模式的倍频(3倍倍频)产生。
图22C-图22E示例性示出了谐振“1”、“2”、“3”的电流分布。如图22C所示，谐振“1”的电流在条形枝节211上呈同向分布，在条形枝节211的中间的电流强，在条形枝节211两端的电流弱。谐振“1”的电流是条形枝节211的二分之一波长模式产生的电流，是DM线天线模式的电流。如图22D所示，谐振“2”的电流围绕着槽213呈反向分布，电流在槽213的两端强，电流在槽213的中间弱。谐振“2”的电流是槽213四分之一波长模式产生的电流，是CM槽天线模式的电流。如图22E所示，谐振“3”的电流在条形枝节211上呈同向分布，在条形枝节211的中间的电流强，在条形枝节211两端的电流弱。谐振“3”的电流是条形枝节211的二分之一波长模式的倍频(3倍频)产生的电流，是DM线天线模式的电流。
不限制条形枝节211产生谐振“1”的波长模式，谐振“1”也可由条形枝节211的二分之三波长模式等产生。不限制槽213产生谐振“2”的波长模式，谐振“2”也可由槽213的四分之三波长模式等产生。
除了图22B中示出的2.28GHz频段、3.5GHz频段、5.7GHz频段，图22A示例性所示 的天线结构还可以产生其他频段的谐振，具体可通过调整该天线结构中各个枝节(如条形枝节211、槽213)的尺寸来设置。
当槽213的开口215偏离侧边213-A的中间位置而设时，图22A示例性所示的天线结构还可以覆盖更多频段。
可以看出，实施例14提供的天线设计方案，通过对DM线天线和CM槽天线进行合成，得到兼具DM线天线和CM槽天线的枝节特点的天线结构。通过单馈的馈电设计，可激励出DM线天线模式和CM槽天线模式，可覆盖多个频段。
以上实施例中提及的各种槽也可在PCB 17之外的地板(金属板)上开设形成。
本申请中，天线的某种波长模式(如二分之一波长模式、四分之一波长模式等)中的波长可以是指该天线辐射的信号的波长。例如，天线的二分之一波长模式可产生2.4GHz频段的谐振，其中二分之一波长模式中的波长是指天线辐射2.4GHz频段的信号的波长。应理解的是，辐射信号在空气中的波长可以如下计算：波长＝光速/频率，其中频率为辐射信号的频率。辐射信号在介质中的波长可以如下计算：
Figure PCTCN2020125466-appb-000006
其中，ε为该介质的相对介电常数，频率为辐射信号的频率。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括天线装置，所述天线装置包括：条形导体，所述条形导体上设置有馈电点和接地点，
    所述馈电点设置在所述条形导体的中间位置，所述馈电点连接馈源的正极，所述馈源的负极接地；所述接地点设置在所述条形导体上，所述接地点连接接地枝节，所述接地枝节用于接地；所述馈电点到所述接地点之间的距离与所述接地枝节的长度之和，小于1/4个第一波长；
    所述条形导体上存在频率不同的两路电流：第一电流、第二电流，所述第一电流在所述馈电点两侧方向相反，所述第二电流在所述馈电点两侧方向相同；
    其中，所述第一波长由所述第一电流的频率确定。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括地板，所述接地枝节具体连接所述地板，所述地板上分布第三电流，所述第三电流的频率不同于所述第一电流、所述第二电流的频率。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括金属边框，所述条形导体为所述电子设备的部分金属边框。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述部分金属边框为位于所述电子设备底部的金属边框，或者为位于所述电子设备顶部的金属边框。
  5. 如权利要求2-4中任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述第三电流的频率低于所述第一电流、所述第二电流的频率。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述接地枝节为设在所述地板上的连接所述条形导体的金属弹片。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述地板包括：所述电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、所述电子设备的金属中框。
  8. 一种电子设备，包括天线装置，其特征在于，所述天线装置包括：开设有槽的金属板，其中，所述槽的第一侧的中间位置设有开口；在所述槽的第一位置处，馈源的正极连接所述槽的第一侧，所述馈源的负极连接所述槽的第二侧；所述第一位置到所述开口之间的距离小于1/4个第一波长；
    在所述金属板上存在围绕所述槽的第一电流和第二电流，所述第一电流和所述第二电流的频率不同，所述第一电流围绕所述槽同向分布；所述第二电流围绕所述槽，在所述开口两侧呈反向分布；
    其中，所述第一波长由所述第一电流的频率确定。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括地板，所述金属板是所地板。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述地板包括：所述电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、所述电子设备的金属中框。
  11. 一种电子设备，包括天线装置，其特征在于，所述天线装置包括：至少一个线天线、槽天线，
    所述槽天线包括开设有槽的金属板；所述槽天线的中间位置处连接有馈源，所述馈源 的正极连接所述槽的一侧边，所述馈源的负极连接所述槽的另一侧边；
    所述线天线平行于所述金属板所处的平面，所述线天线在所述金属板上的投影与所述槽的相交部分位于所述投影的中间位置，所述相交部分到所述槽天线的中间位置之间的距离小于1/2个第一波长；所述第一波长是所述槽天线的工作波长；
    所述槽天线上分布有围绕所述槽的第一电流，所述第一电流在所述槽天线的中间位置两侧方向相反；所述线天线上分布有方向相同的第二电流。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述线天线到所述金属板所处的平面的距离小于第一距离。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述至少一个线天线为不同长度的两个或两个以上的线天线。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述两个或两个以上的线天线各自在所述金属板上的投影相互平行。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述两个或两个以上的线天线同处于第一平面，所述第一平面平行于所述金属板所处的平面。
  16. 如权利要求13-15中任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，在所述两个或两个以上的线天线上的所述第二电流的频率不同。
  17. 如权利要求11-16中任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述线天线是悬浮天线；所述线天线设置于所述电子设备的后盖的内表面，或者设置于所述后盖的外表面，或者嵌入于所述后盖中。
  18. 如权利要求11-17中任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括地板，所述金属板是所地板。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述地板包括：所述电子设备的印刷电路板PCB地板、所述电子设备的金属中框。
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