WO2021085237A1 - 硫化物固体電解質、及びそれを用いた電極合剤、固体電解質層、固体電池 - Google Patents
硫化物固体電解質、及びそれを用いた電極合剤、固体電解質層、固体電池 Download PDFInfo
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- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/10—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances sulfides
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
- H01M2300/008—Halides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sulfide solid electrolyte, an electrode mixture using the sulfide solid electrolyte, a solid electrolyte layer, and a solid battery.
- solid electrolytes have been attracting attention as a substitute for electrolytes used in many liquid batteries.
- a solid-state battery using such a solid electrolyte is expected to be put into practical use as a battery having higher safety and higher energy density than a liquid-based battery using a flammable organic solvent.
- Patent Document 1 As a conventional technique relating to a solid electrolyte, for example, the one described in Patent Document 1 is known.
- the generation of hydrogen sulfide from the solid electrolyte is suppressed, and the lithium ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte is ensured.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a solid electrolyte having high lithium ion conductivity.
- the present invention includes a crystal phase having an algyrodite type crystal structure, and Li a PS b X c (X is at least one kind of halogen element.
- A represents a number of 3.0 or more and 6.0 or less.
- B is 3 It represents a number of .5 or more and 4.8 or less.
- C represents a number of 0.1 or more and 3.0 or less.) Contains a compound represented by.
- the sulfide solid electrolyte of the present invention (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “solid electrolyte”) is Li a PS b X c (X is at least one kind of halogen element.
- A is 3.0 or more and 6.0 or less.
- B represents a number of 3.5 or more and 4.8 or less.
- C represents a number of 0.1 or more and 3.0 or less).
- This compound is solid and has lithium ion conductivity at room temperature (25 ° C.). In the following description, this compound is also referred to as "Compound A" for convenience.
- Compound A in the present invention is a crystalline material containing a crystal phase having an algyrodite type crystal structure.
- compound A may contain a glass component, that is, an amorphous component.
- the phrase "compound A contains a crystal phase having an algyrodite type crystal structure” means that it is sufficient that the compound A contains at least a crystal phase having an algyrodite type crystal structure, and a crystal different from the crystal phase having the algyrodite type crystal structure. It may include a phase (also referred to as "heterogeneous phase"). Of course, it does not have to include the heterogeneous phase. Examples of the compound constituting the heterogeneous phase include Li 3 PS 4 .
- the ratio of the crystal phase having an algyrodite type crystal structure to the total crystal phases constituting compound A may be, for example, 10% by mass or more, 20% by mass or more, or 50% by mass. It may be the above.
- the compound A preferably contains a crystal phase having an algyrodite type crystal structure as a main phase.
- the "main phase” refers to the phase having the largest ratio with respect to the total amount of all the crystal phases constituting the solid electrolyte of the present invention. Therefore, the content ratio of compound A is preferably, for example, 60% by mass or more, particularly 70% by mass or more, 80% by mass or more, and 90% by mass or more with respect to the total crystal phase constituting the solid electrolyte of the present invention.
- the “heterogeneous phase” refers to a phase in which the ratio is smaller than that of the main phase described above with respect to the total amount of all the crystal phases constituting the solid electrolyte of the present invention.
- the ratio of the crystal phase can be determined by calculating the content ratio by, for example, X-ray diffraction measurement.
- Having a crystal phase having an algyrodite type crystal structure means having a crystal phase possessed by a group of compounds derived from a mineral represented by the chemical formula: Ag 8 GeS 6. It is particularly preferable that the compound having a crystal phase having an algyrodite type crystal structure has a crystal structure belonging to a cubic crystal from the viewpoint of improving lithium ion conductivity.
- the crystal phase of the algyrodite type crystal structure constituting compound A in the solid electrolyte of the present invention preferably forms the main phase with respect to the total crystal phase.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention may be composed of only compound A, or may further contain a substance having a phase different from that of the crystal phase having an algyrodite type crystal structure as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Examples of such a heterogeneous substance include lithium halide.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention contains compound A as described above. And in the solid electrolyte of the present invention, it is preferable that the surface state of the particles of the solid electrolyte is controlled. Specifically, the particles of the solid electrolyte of the present invention are preferably controlled so that the abundance ratio of the lithium element on the surface of the particles is controlled to a high value, whereby the solid electrolyte of the present invention has an improved lithium ion conductivity. It will be the one that was done. The present inventor believes that the reason for this is as described below.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention lithium ions are conducted in a state where the particles of the solid electrolyte are in contact with each other.
- Grain boundary resistance which is the contact resistance between particles, is known as one of the resistance components when lithium ions are conducted.
- the present inventor On means for reducing the grain boundary resistance, it is possible that the conduction of lithium ions between the particles proceeds smoothly by allowing a large amount of lithium elements to be present on the surface of the particles of the solid electrolyte. Found.
- the intergranular resistance at the contact interface between particles is reduced, and the lithium ion conductivity is improved.
- the amount of lithium elements on the surface of the particles of the solid electrolyte is set to A Li / with respect to the specific surface area A (m 2 g -1). is evaluated by the value of (a Li + a P + a S + a X). Defining A Li, A P, A S and A X are as follows, respectively.
- a Li is the amount of lithium (Atom%) quantified from the 1s peak of Li (lithium atom) measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (hereinafter, also referred to as “XPS”).
- a P is the P measured by XPS phosphorus amount to be quantified from the peak of 2p of (phosphorus atom) (Atom%).
- a S is the amount of sulfur is quantified from the peak of 2p of S (sulfur atom) as measured by XPS (Atom%).
- a X is a halogen amount to be quantified from the peak of halogen (Atom%).
- the electron orbit of the halogen is determined according to the specific type of halogen. For example, when the halogen is fluorine, the electron orbit of 1s is adopted. When the halogen is chlorine, a 2p electron orbital is adopted. When the halogen is bromine, a 3p electron orbital is adopted. When the halogen is iodine, the 3d electron orbital is adopted.
- the amount of lithium abundance on the surface of the particles of the solid electrolyte is equal to or more than this value, the grain boundary resistance at the contact interface between the particles is lowered, and the lithium ion conductivity is improved.
- the higher the lithium abundance value the more preferable.
- the lithium abundance that can be reached at the current state of the art is about 3.63 (m-2 g). Due to the high lithium abundance, the lithium ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte is sufficiently high.
- the lithium abundance on the surface of the solid electrolyte of the present invention can be determined by XPS as described above. The specific method will be described in detail in Examples described later.
- the specific surface area A used for calculating the lithium abundance is preferably 5.0 m 2 g -1 or more, more preferably 8.0 m 2 g -1 or more, and 10.0 m 2 g or more. It is more preferably -1 or more.
- the value of the specific surface area A is preferably 13.1 m 2 g -1 or less, more preferably 13.0 m 2 g -1 or less, and further preferably 12.9 m 2 g -1 or less. preferable.
- a specific method of the specific surface area A will be described in detail in Examples described later.
- the lithium ion conductivity at room temperature is preferably 4.8 mS / cm or more, more preferably 4.9 mS / cm or more. It is more preferably 5.0 mS / cm or more, which is a high value.
- the lithium ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte can be measured by the method described in Examples described later.
- the compound A contained in the solid electrolyte of the present invention is represented by Li a PS b X c as described above.
- “compound A is represented by Li a PS b X c” includes those prepared so that compound A is Li a PS b X c.
- a indicating the molar ratio of the lithium (Li) element is preferably, for example, 3.0 or more and 6.0 or less, and further preferably 3.2 or more and 5.8 or less. It is preferable that the number is 3.4 or more and 5.4 or less. In addition, a may be less than 5.4.
- b indicating the molar ratio of the sulfur (S) element is preferably, for example, 3.5 or more and 4.8 or less, and is 3.8 or more and 4.6 or less. Is more preferable, and the number is more preferably 4.0 or more and 4.4 or less. In addition, b may be less than 4.4.
- c is preferably, for example, 0.1 or more and 3.0 or less, more preferably 0.2 or more and 2.5 or less, and 0.4 or more and 2. It is more preferably a number of 0 or less. Compound A in which a, b and c are within this range has sufficiently high lithium ion conductivity.
- X represents at least one kind of halogen element.
- examples of the compound A include Li a PS b F c , Li a PS b Cl c , Li a PS b Br c, and Li a PS b I c .
- compound A is represented by Li a PS b X 1 y X 2 z.
- X 1 and X 2 represent different halogen elements.
- Examples of the combination of X 1 and X 2 include a combination of Cl and Br, a combination of Cl and I, and a combination of Br and I.
- compound A is represented by Li a PS b X 1 y X 2 z X 3 v .
- X 1 , X 2 and X 3 represent different halogen elements.
- Examples of the combination of X 1 , X 2 and X 3 include a combination of Cl, Br and I.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention may contain only one kind of the above-mentioned compound A, or may contain two or more kinds of compound A.
- the compound A obtained so that the charged amount is Li a PS b X c is other than the lithium (Li) element, the phosphorus (P) element, the sulfur (S) element and the halogen (X) element.
- part of the lithium (Li) element is replaced with another alkali metal element
- part of the phosphorus (P) element is replaced with another punictogen element
- part of the sulfur (S) element is replaced with another chalcogen element. It may be possible to replace it with.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention may contain impurities, for example, in addition to compound A.
- the content of impurities can be, for example, less than 5 mol%, preferably less than 3 mol%, and particularly preferably less than 1 mol% from the viewpoint of having a low effect on performance.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention consists of a powder as an aggregate of particles.
- the particle size of the solid electrolyte of the present invention expressed as a volume cumulative particle diameter D 50 in the cumulative volume 50% by volume by laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution measuring method, for example, preferably at 1.0 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.95 ⁇ m It is preferably less than or equal to, and particularly preferably 0.90 ⁇ m or less.
- the volume cumulative particle size D 50 is preferably, for example, 0.40 ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably 0.45 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 0.50 ⁇ m or more.
- the volume cumulative particle size D 50 of the solid electrolyte of the present invention has the upper limit, the specific surface area of the solid electrolyte is increased and the amount of lithium elements present on the particle surface is increased, whereby the lithium ions of the solid electrolyte are increased. It is possible to sufficiently increase the conductivity.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention when used in combination with another solid electrolyte, there is an advantage that the solid electrolyte of the present invention can easily enter into the gaps of the other solid electrolyte. Due to this, the contact points and contact areas between the solid electrolytes become large, and the lithium ion conductivity can be effectively improved.
- the volume cumulative particle size D 50 of the solid electrolyte of the present invention has the lower limit, it is possible to suppress an increase in the surface area of the entire powder of the solid electrolyte, and it is difficult to increase the resistance and mix with the active material. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of defects.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention can be preferably produced by the method described below.
- a lithium source compound for example lithium sulfide (Li 2 S).
- the phosphorus source compound may be used, for example diphosphorus pentasulfide (P 2 S 5).
- the sulfur source compound when the lithium source compound and / or the phosphorus source compound is a sulfide, the sulfide can be used as the sulfur source compound.
- Lithium halide (LiX) can be used as the halogen source compound.
- the raw materials are mixed so that the lithium element, the phosphorus element, the sulfur element and the halogen element have a predetermined molar ratio. Then, the mixed raw materials are calcined in an inert atmosphere or in an atmosphere containing hydrogen sulfide gas to obtain a crystal phase represented by Li a PS b X c and having an algyrodite type crystal structure. Compound A having is obtained.
- the atmosphere containing the hydrogen sulfide gas may be 100% hydrogen sulfide gas or a mixed gas of hydrogen sulfide gas and an inert gas such as argon.
- the firing temperature is preferably, for example, 350 ° C. or higher and 550 ° C. or lower.
- the holding time at this temperature is preferably, for example, 0.5 hours or more and 20 hours or less.
- a solid electrolyte containing compound A can be obtained by the above method.
- the lithium abundance on the surface of the particles can be increased.
- the crushing process can be performed wet or dry.
- Various media mills can be used for the pulverization treatment.
- a ball mill, a bead mill, a paint shaker, a homogenizer, or the like can be used.
- the dispersed media used in the media mill balls and beads made of various ceramics such as alumina and zirconia are used.
- the diameter of the dispersed media can be, for example, 0.1 mm or more and 50 mm or less.
- an organic solvent as the dispersion medium because the generation of hydrogen sulfide due to the reaction between the solid electrolyte and water can be suppressed.
- the organic solvent include aromatic organic solvents such as toluene, xylene, benzene and solvent naphtha, and aliphatic organic solvents such as heptane, decane, normal hexane, cyclohexane and mineral spirit. These organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the above organic solvent and solid electrolyte are mixed to form a slurry, and this slurry is subjected to wet pulverization. It is preferable to set the concentration of the solid electrolyte contained in the slurry to, for example, 5% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less from the viewpoint of successfully obtaining a solid electrolyte having high lithium ion conductivity.
- the ratio of the dispersed media to the slurry is such that 5 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less of the dispersed media is used with respect to 100 parts by mass of the slurry. It is preferable because it can be easily obtained.
- the dispersion time by the media mill is preferably set to 0.5 hours or more and 60 hours or less from the viewpoint that a solid electrolyte having high lithium ion conductivity can be easily obtained.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention thus obtained can be used, for example, as a material constituting the solid electrolyte layer or a material contained in an electrode mixture containing an active material. Specifically, it can be used as a positive electrode mixture constituting a positive electrode layer containing a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode mixture constituting a negative electrode layer containing a negative electrode active material. Therefore, the solid electrolyte of the present invention can be used for a battery having a solid electrolyte layer, that is, a so-called solid battery. More specifically, it can be used for a lithium solid-state battery.
- the lithium solid-state battery may be a primary battery or a secondary battery, but it is particularly preferable to use the lithium secondary battery.
- the "solid-state battery” includes a solid-state battery that does not contain any liquid substance or gel-like substance as an electrolyte, and also contains, for example, 50% by mass or less, 30% by mass or less, 10% by mass or less of a liquid substance or gel-like substance as an electrolyte. Also includes aspects.
- the solid electrolyte layer in a solid battery is, for example, a method in which a slurry containing the solid electrolyte, a binder and a solvent of the present invention is dropped onto a substrate and scraped off with a doctor blade or the like, a method in which the substrate and the slurry are brought into contact with each other and then cut with an air knife. It can be produced by a method such as forming a coating film by a screen printing method or the like and then removing the solvent through heat drying or the like. Alternatively, the solid electrolyte powder of the present invention can be press-molded and then appropriately processed for production.
- the solid electrolyte layer may contain other solid electrolytes in addition to the solid electrolyte of the present invention.
- the thickness of the solid electrolyte layer in the present invention is typically preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the solid-state battery preferably has a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, and the solid electrolyte layer contains the solid electrolyte of the present invention.
- Examples of the shape of the solid-state battery include a laminated type, a cylindrical type, and a square type.
- the positive electrode mixture in the solid-state battery containing the solid electrolyte of the present invention contains a positive electrode active material.
- a positive electrode active material for example, a material used as a positive electrode active material of a lithium secondary battery can be appropriately used.
- the positive electrode active material include spinel-type lithium transition metal compounds and lithium metal oxides having a layered structure.
- the positive electrode mixture may contain other materials such as a conductive additive in addition to the positive electrode active material.
- the negative electrode mixture in the solid-state battery containing the solid electrolyte of the present invention contains a negative electrode active material.
- a negative electrode active material for example, a negative electrode mixture used as a negative electrode active material of a lithium secondary battery can be appropriately used.
- the negative electrode active material include carbon materials such as lithium metal, artificial graphite, natural graphite and non-graphitizable carbon (hard carbon), lithium titanate, titanium niobium composite oxide, silicon, silicon compounds, tin, and tin compounds. Can be mentioned.
- the negative electrode mixture may contain other materials such as a conductive additive in addition to the negative electrode active material.
- Example 1 The Li 2 S powder, the P 2 S 5 powder, the Li Cl powder, and the Li Br powder were weighed so as to have a composition of Li 5.4 PS 4.4 Cl 0.8 Br 0.8. These powders were pulverized and mixed using a ball mill to obtain a mixed powder. The mixed powder was calcined to obtain a calcined product composed of lithium ion conductive sulfide. Firing was performed using a tubular electric furnace. During firing, 100% pure hydrogen sulfide gas was circulated in the electric furnace at 1.0 L / min. The firing temperature was set to 450 ° C. and firing was performed for 4 hours. As a result of XRD measurement, it was confirmed that this fired product had a crystal phase having an algyrodite type crystal structure and a crystal phase of LiCl 0.5 Br 0.5.
- the fired product was roughly crushed with a mortar and pestle, and then crushed with a hammer crusher, and the crushed product was mixed with a solvent to obtain a slurry having a concentration of 12% by mass.
- This slurry was subjected to a bead mill device (beads made of zirconia having a diameter of 0.3 mm) and wet-ground. Toluene was used as the solvent for the slurry.
- Wet pulverization was carried out for 3 hours using 15 parts by mass of beads with respect to 100 parts by mass of the slurry. After wet pulverization, the slurry was separated into solid and liquid, and the solid content was dried. The dried calcined product was sieved with a sieve having a mesh size of 53 ⁇ m to obtain the desired solid electrolyte.
- Example 2 and 3 and Comparative Example 1 In Example 1, the firing temperature and the slurry concentration were changed to the values shown in Table 1 below. A solid electrolyte was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 2 a fired product was produced so as to have a composition of Li 5.4 PS 4.4 Cl 1.6 Br 0.0. Further, in Example 1, the firing temperature and the slurry concentration were changed to the values shown in Table 1 below. A solid electrolyte was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 3 a fired product was produced so as to have a composition of Li 5.8 PS 4.8 Cl 1.2 Br 0.0. Further, in Example 1, the firing temperature and the slurry concentration were changed to the values shown in Table 1 below. A solid electrolyte was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- the surface of the solid electrolyte is analyzed under the above conditions, the peak area is obtained from the obtained X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectrum, and the atomic composition percentage is calculated for all the above-mentioned elements. did.
- the lithium ion conductivity of the sample was measured using Solartron 1255B manufactured by Toyo Corporation. The measurement was carried out by the AC impedance method under the conditions of a temperature of 25 ° C. and a frequency of 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz.
- a sulfide solid electrolyte having high lithium ion conductivity is provided.
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Abstract
Description
X線光電子分光法(XPS)により測定されるLiの1sのピークから定量されるリチウム量(Atom%)をALiとし、Pの2pのピークから定量されるリン量(Atom%)をAPとし、Sの2pのピークから定量される硫黄量(Atom%)をASとし、ハロゲンのピークから定量されるハロゲン量(Atom%)をAXとしたとき、比表面積(m2g-1)に対するALi/(ALi+AP+AS+AX)の値が3.40(m-2g)以上である硫化物固体電解質を提供するものである。
ここで「主相」とは、本発明の固体電解質を構成するすべての結晶相の総量に対して最も割合の大きい相を指す。よって、化合物Aの含有割合は、本発明の固体電解質を構成する全結晶相に対して、例えば60質量%以上であることが好ましく、中でも70質量%以上、80質量%以上、90質量%以上であることが更に好ましい。
一方、「異相」とは、本発明の固体電解質を構成するすべての結晶相の総量に対して、上述した主相よりも割合が小さい相を指す。
なお、結晶相の割合は、例えばX線回折測定によって含有割合を算出して判定することができる。
ALiはX線光電子分光(以下「XPS」ともいう)により測定されるLi(リチウム原子)の1sのピークから定量されるリチウム量(Atom%)である。
APはXPSにより測定されるP(リン原子)の2pのピークから定量されるリン量(Atom%)である。
ASはXPSにより測定されるS(硫黄原子)の2pのピークから定量される硫黄量(Atom%)である。
AXはハロゲンのピークから定量されるハロゲン量(Atom%)である。ハロゲンの電子軌道はハロゲンの具体的な種類に応じて決定する。例えばハロゲンがフッ素である場合には1sの電子軌道を採用する。ハロゲンが塩素である場合には2pの電子軌道を採用する。ハロゲンが臭素である場合には3pの電子軌道を採用する。ハロゲンがヨウ素である場合には3dの電子軌道を採用する。
また、前記組成式中、硫黄(S)元素のモル比を示すbは、例えば3.5以上4.8以下の数であることが好ましく、3.8以上4.6以下の数であることが更に好ましく、4.0以上4.4以下の数であることが一層好ましい。なお、bは、4.4未満であってもよい。
更に、前記組成式中、cは、例えば0.1以上3.0以下の数であることが好ましく、0.2以上2.5以下の数であることが更に好ましく、0.4以上2.0以下の数であることが一層好ましい。a、b及びcがこの範囲内である化合物Aは、そのリチウムイオン伝導性が十分に高いものとなる。前記の組成式中、Xは少なくとも一種のハロゲン元素を表す。Xが一種類である場合、化合物Aとしては、LiaPSbFc、LiaPSbClc、LiaPSbBrc及びLiaPSbIcなどが挙げられる。Xが二種類である場合、化合物AはLiaPSbX1 yX2 zで表される。X1及びX2は互いに異なるハロゲン元素を表す。またy及びzはc=y+zを満たす0超の数を表す。X1とX2との組み合わせとしては、例えばClとBrとの組み合わせ、ClとIとの組み合わせ、及びBrとIとの組み合わせなどが挙げられる。Xが三種類である場合、化合物AはLiaPSbX1 yX2 zX3 vで表される。X1、X2及びX3は互いに異なるハロゲン元素を表す。またy、z及びvはc=y+z+vを満たす0超の数を表す。X1とX2とX3の組み合わせとしては、例えばClとBrとIとの組み合わせが挙げられる。本発明の固体電解質中には、上述した化合物Aが一種のみ含まれる場合があり、あるいは二種以上の化合物Aが含まれる場合もある。
Li5.4PS4.4Cl0.8Br0.8の組成となるように、Li2S粉末と、P2S5粉末と、LiCl粉末と、LiBr粉末とを秤量した。これらの粉末を、ボールミルを用いて粉砕混合して混合粉末を得た。混合粉末を焼成してリチウムイオン伝導性硫化物からなる焼成物を得た。焼成は管状電気炉を用いて行った。焼成の間、電気炉内に純度100%の硫化水素ガスを1.0L/minで流通させた。焼成温度は450℃に設定し4時間にわたり焼成を行った。XRD測定の結果、この焼成物はアルジロダイト型結晶構造の結晶相及びLiCl0.5Br0.5の結晶相を有するものであることが確認された。
実施例1において焼成温度及びスラリー濃度を、以下の表1に示す値に変更した。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして固体電解質を得た。
実施例1においてLi5.4PS4.4Cl1.6Br0.0の組成となるように焼成物を製造した。また、実施例1において焼成温度及びスラリー濃度を、以下の表1に示す値に変更した。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして固体電解質を得た。
実施例1においてLi5.8PS4.8Cl1.2Br0.0の組成となるように焼成物を製造した。また、実施例1において焼成温度及びスラリー濃度を、以下の表1に示す値に変更した。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして固体電解質を得た。
実施例及び比較例で得られた固体電解質について、以下に述べる方法で体積累積粒径D50を測定した。それらの結果を以下の表1に示す。
レーザー回折粒子径分布測定装置用自動試料供給機(マイクロトラック・ベル株式会社製「Microtrac SDC」)を用い、サンプル(粉体)有機溶媒に投入し、50%の流速中、30Wの超音波を60秒間複数回照射した後、マイクロトラック・ベル株式会社製レーザー回折粒度分布測定機「MT3000II」を用いて粒度分布を測定し、得られた体積基準粒度分布のチャートからD50を測定した。なお、有機水溶性溶媒としてはトルエンを用いた。
実施例及び比較例で得られた固体電解質について、以下に述べる方法で固体電解質の表面におけるリチウム存在率を測定した。その結果を以下の表1に示す。
アルバック・ファイ株式会社製のVersaProbeIIIを用いて、固体電解質の粒子表面の分析を行った。測定に使用した条件等は以下のとおりである。
励起X線:単色化Al線(1486.7eV)
出力:50W
加速電圧:15kV
X線照射径:200μmφ
測定面積:1000μm×1000μm
Take of Angle:45°
パスエネルギー:26.0eV
エネルギーステップ:0.1eV
Li:1s
P:2s
S:2s
Cl:2p
Br:3p
実施例及び比較例で得られた固体電解質について、比表面積Aを測定した。具体的には、サンプル(粉体)をマイクロトラック・ベル株式会社製「BELPREP-vacII」の前処理装置を用いて、真空中で、120℃、1時間加熱した。その後、比表面積測定装置マイクロトラック・ベル株式会社製「BELSORP-miniII」を用いて、液体窒素温度下(77K)での窒素ガス吸着量からBET(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller)法で計算し、比表面積Aを求めた。測定結果を以下の表1に示す。
実施例及び比較例で得られた固体電解質について、以下に述べる方法でリチウムイオン伝導率を測定した。その結果を以下の表1に示す。
固体電解質を、十分に乾燥されたArガス(露点-60℃以下)で置換されたグローブボックス内で一軸加圧成形した。更に冷間等方圧加圧装置によって200MPaで成形し、直径10mm、厚み約4mm~5mmのペレットを作製した。ペレット上下両面に電極としてのカーボンペーストを塗布した後、180℃で30分間の熱処理を行い、イオン導電率測定用サンプルを作製した。サンプルのリチウムイオン伝導率を、東陽テクニカ株式会社のソーラトロン1255Bを用いて測定した。測定は、温度25℃、周波数0.1Hz~1MHzの条件下、交流インピーダンス法によって行った。
Claims (5)
- アルジロダイト型結晶構造を有する結晶相を含み、LiaPSbXc(Xは少なくとも一種のハロゲン元素である。aは3.0以上6.0以下の数を表す。bは3.5以上4.8以下の数を表す。cは0.1以上3.0以下の数を表す。)で表される化合物を含有し、
X線光電子分光法(XPS)により測定されるLiの1sのピークから定量されるリチウム量(Atom%)をALiとし、Pの2pのピークから定量されるリン量(Atom%)をAPとし、Sの2pのピークから定量される硫黄量(Atom%)をASとし、ハロゲンのピークから定量されるハロゲン量(Atom%)をAXとしたとき、比表面積(m2g-1)に対するALi/(ALi+AP+AS+AX)の値が3.40(m-2g)以上である硫化物固体電解質。 - 前記比表面積が13.1m2g-1以下である請求項1に記載の硫化物固体電解質。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の硫化物固体電解質と活物質とを含む電極合剤。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の硫化物固体電解質を含有する固体電解質層。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の硫化物固体電解質を含有する固体電池。
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| KR1020227011232A KR20220088850A (ko) | 2019-10-29 | 2020-10-20 | 황화물 고체 전해질 및 그것을 사용한 전극 합제, 고체 전해질층, 고체 전지 |
| US17/764,232 US20220336852A1 (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2020-10-20 | Sulfide solid electrolyte, and electrode mixture, solid electrolyte layer, and solid battery using same |
| JP2021553456A JP7558188B2 (ja) | 2019-10-29 | 2020-10-20 | 硫化物固体電解質、及びそれを用いた電極合剤、固体電解質層、固体電池 |
| CN202080072316.5A CN114600200B (zh) | 2019-10-29 | 2020-10-20 | 硫化物固体电解质和使用其的电极合剂、固体电解质层、固态电池 |
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| WO2019009228A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-10 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | リチウム二次電池の固体電解質及び当該固体電解質用硫化物系化合物 |
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| WO2019009228A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-10 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | リチウム二次電池の固体電解質及び当該固体電解質用硫化物系化合物 |
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| JPWO2021085237A1 (ja) | 2021-05-06 |
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