WO2021206155A1 - 共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物の製造方法、及び形質転換微生物 - Google Patents
共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物の製造方法、及び形質転換微生物 Download PDFInfo
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- C12Y203/00—Acyltransferases (2.3)
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- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
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- C12N9/10—Transferases (2.)
- C12N9/1025—Acyltransferases (2.3)
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- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y402/00—Carbon-oxygen lyases (4.2)
- C12Y402/01—Hydro-lyases (4.2.1)
- C12Y402/01017—Enoyl-CoA hydratase (4.2.1.17), i.e. crotonase
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture and a transformed microorganism.
- PHA Polyhydroxyalkanoic acid
- PHA is a polyester-type organic polymer produced by a wide range of microorganisms.
- PHA is a biodegradable thermoplastic polymer and can be produced from renewable resources as a raw material. For these reasons, attempts have been made to industrially produce PHA as an environment-friendly material or a biocompatible material and use it in various industries.
- PHA poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid
- 3HB 3-hydroxybutyric acid
- P (3HB) poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid
- 3HB 3-hydroxybutyric acid
- P (3HB) is a thermoplastic polymer and is attracting attention as an environmentally friendly plastic because it is biologically decomposed in the natural environment.
- P (3HB) has a hard and brittle property due to its high crystallinity, and its practical application range is limited. In order to expand the range of application, it was necessary to impart flexibility to P (3HB).
- P (3HB-co-3HV) a copolymerized PHA (hereinafter referred to as "P (3HB-co-3HV)”) composed of 3HB and 3-hydroxyvaleric acid (hereinafter referred to as "3HV”) and a method for producing the same have been developed.
- P (3HB-co-3HV) is more flexible than P (3HB)
- the change in physical properties is small, and it is particularly required for processing into films, sheets, soft packaging containers and the like. Since it does not improve its flexibility as much, it is used only in a limited field of hard molded products such as shampoo bottles and handles for disposable razors.
- P (3HB-co-3HH) a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (hereinafter referred to as "P (3HB-co-3HH)”) composed of 3HB and 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid (hereinafter referred to as "3HH”) shall be described.
- P (3HB-co-3HH) is fermented and produced using a wild strain of Aeromonas caviae isolated from soil and using fatty acids such as oleic acid and palmitic acid as a carbon source. ..
- P (3HB-co-3HH) is produced from vegetable fats and oils as a raw material, and the 3HH composition ratio of the P (3HB-co-3HH) is improved to a maximum of about 14 mol% (Patent Document 5, Patent Document 5, See Patent Document 6 and Non-Patent Document 1).
- a gene encoding a ⁇ -ketothiolase enzyme having a thiolysis activity against ⁇ -ketoacyl-CoA having 6 carbon atoms that is, ⁇ -ketohexanoyl-CoA
- Capriavidus necator having a PHA synthase derived from Aeromonas cavier having a PHA synthase derived from Aeromonas cavier.
- the 3HH composition ratio of P (3HB-co-3HH) was improved to 20 mol% or more by suppressing the expression of P (3HB-co-3HH) (see Patent Document 7).
- Non-Patent Document 2 Aeromonas cabier is cultivated using a fatty acid having 12 or more carbon atoms as the sole carbon source to ferment and produce P (3HB-co-3HH) having various 3HH composition ratios. Since the crystallinity of P (3HB-co-3HH) decreases as the 3HH composition ratio increases, the hard and brittle property such as P (3HB) gradually exhibits a flexible property, and the 3HH composition ratio becomes higher. It was revealed that the higher the value, the greater the flexibility of P (3HB-co-3HV). That is, P (3HB-co-3HH) can have a wide range of physical properties applicable from hard polymers to soft polymers by changing the 3HH composition ratio, and therefore can be expected to be applied to a wide range of fields.
- the melting point of the low melting point component exceeds 100 ° C., so that the PHA mixture is It is presumed that the PHA component having a high 3HH composition ratio of 20 mol% or more is not contained, and the mechanical properties such as tear strength are not sufficient, and there is room for improvement.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid having both excellent processability and mechanical properties.
- the present inventor cultivates microorganisms to produce a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture containing two kinds of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid fractions having a specific composition. As a result, they have found that a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture having both excellent processability and mechanical properties can be obtained, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention is a method for producing a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture, which comprises a step of culturing a microorganism producing the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture, wherein the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture is 3 Polyhydroxyalkanoic acid fraction (I) containing a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid having a -hydroxybutyric acid structural unit and a 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid structural unit and having an average 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid composition ratio of 20 mol% or more.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture relates to a production method in which the average 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid composition ratio is 22 mol% or less.
- the weight ratio of the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid fraction (I) in the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture is 10 to 90%.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture has an average 3-hydroxycaproic acid composition ratio of 10 to 22 mol%.
- the microorganism has a gene encoding two types of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthases having different polymerization activities for 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA.
- the amino acid sequences of the two types of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthases having different polymerization activities for 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA have a sequence identity of 90% or less.
- the gene encoding the two types of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthases having different polymerization activities for 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA is a wild type derived from Aeromonas cavier having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- a gene (A) encoding a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase having a higher polymerization activity for 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA than the polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase, and wild-type polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthesis derived from the Aeromonas cavier. It is a gene (B) encoding a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase having a lower polymerization activity for 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA than the enzyme.
- the gene (A) is a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Aeromonas or a mutant thereof.
- the gene (A) is a gene encoding an amino acid sequence having 99.5 to 100% sequence identity with respect to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 3.
- the gene (B) is composed of a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Aeromonas and a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Cupriavidus. It was done. More preferably, the gene (B) is a gene encoding an amino acid sequence having 90 to 100% sequence identity with respect to the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6.
- the gene (B) is a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Chromobacterium or a mutant thereof. More preferably, the gene (B) is a gene encoding an amino acid sequence having 90 to 100% sequence identity with respect to the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5. Preferably, the gene (B) is a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Bacillus or a mutant thereof.
- the gene (B) is a gene encoding an amino acid sequence having 90 to 100% sequence identity with respect to the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NO: 7 and SEQ ID NO: 8.
- the microorganism is a transformed microorganism that has been transformed to increase the supply of 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA for intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase as compared to the wild strain of the microorganism. .. More preferably, the transformed microorganism is transformed so as to suppress the decomposition of intermediate metabolites having 6 carbon atoms in ⁇ -oxidation of fats and oils or fatty acids.
- the transformed microorganism is transformed so as to suppress the expression of a gene encoding a ⁇ -ketothiolase enzyme having thiolytic activity against ⁇ -ketohexanoyl-CoA, which is ⁇ -ketoacyl-CoA having 6 carbon atoms. It is a thing.
- the ⁇ -ketothiolase enzyme has an amino acid sequence that exhibits 90-100% sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9 or SEQ ID NO: 10.
- the microorganism is a microorganism having a gene encoding a protein exhibiting R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase activity.
- a carbon source containing fats and oils or fatty acids is added. More preferably, the carbon source containing the fat or fatty acid is a medium-chain fatty acid having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or a carbon source containing a glyceride of the medium-chain fatty acid. More preferably, the medium-chain fatty acid is caproic acid.
- the microorganism belongs to the genus Cupriavidus or is a transformant of a microorganism of the genus Cupriavidus. More preferably, the microorganism is cupriavidus necator or a transformant of cupriavidus necator.
- the present invention also has a gene encoding two types of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthases, which are transformed microorganisms that produce a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture and have different polymerization activities for 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA.
- polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthases which are transformed microorganisms that produce a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture and have different polymerization activities for 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA.
- it has been transformed so that the supply of 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA for the intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase is increased as compared with the wild strain of the transformed microorganism, and the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkane.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture also relates to a transforming microorganism having an average 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid composition ratio of 22 mol% or less.
- the present invention it is possible to produce a copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture having both excellent processability and mechanical properties.
- the copolymerized polyhydroxyalkanoic acid mixture produced is easy to handle and can be easily industrially isolated and purified from microorganisms.
- the present invention is a method for producing a copolymerized PHA mixture, which comprises a step of culturing a microorganism producing the copolymerized PHA mixture.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture contains a copolymerized PHA having 3HB structural units and 3HH structural units, and contains a PHA fraction (I) having an average 3HH composition ratio of 20 mol% or more, and a PHA having 3HB structural units. It is composed of PHA fraction (II) having an average 3HH composition ratio of 0 mol% or more and 15 mol% or less.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture can be fractionated into the PHA fraction (I) and the PHA fraction (II) by the MIBK fractionation method described later.
- the PHA fraction (I) is a fraction containing a copolymerized PHA having at least 3HB structural units and 3HH structural units, and may include PHA containing hydroxyalkanoic acid structural units other than 3HB structural units and 3HH structural units. However, preferably, a fraction containing a copolymerized PHA which does not contain a hydroxyalkanoic acid structural unit other than the 3HB structural unit and the 3HH structural unit and has only the 3HB structural unit and the 3HH structural unit, that is, P (3HB-co-3HH). It is a fraction including.
- the hydroxyalkanoic acid structural units other than the 3HB structural unit and the 3HH structural unit include 3-hydroxypropionic acid, 3HV, 3-hydroxyalkanoic acid having 7 to 16 carbon atoms, 2-hydroxyalkanoic acid having 4 to 16 carbon atoms, and 4 Structural units of hydroxyalkanoic acids such as-hydroxyalkanoic acid (eg 4-hydroxybutyric acid), 5-hydroxyalkanoic acid, 6-hydroxyalkanoic acid (eg 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid), lactic acid include, but are not limited to. ..
- the average 3HH composition ratio in the PHA fraction (I) is 20 mol% or more, preferably 22 mol% or more, and more preferably 24 mol% or more.
- the upper limit of the average 3HH composition ratio is not particularly limited, but is preferably 35 mol% or less, more preferably 32 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 30 mol% or less.
- the PHA fraction (II) is a fraction containing PHA having a 3HB structural unit.
- the PHA contained in the PHA fraction (II) may be a homopolymer having only 3HB structural units, or a copolymerized PHA having 3HB structural units and other hydroxyalkanoic acid structural units. .. Considering the mechanical properties, a copolymerized PHA having a 3HB structural unit and a hydroxyalkanoic acid structural unit other than this is preferable.
- copolymerized PHA a copolymerized PHA having a 3HB structural unit and a 3HV structural unit and / or a 3HH structural unit is preferable, and a copolymerized PHA having a 3HB structural unit and a 3HH structural unit is more preferable.
- Copolymerized PHA having only 3HH structural units, i.e. P (3HB-co-3HH) is more preferred.
- the average 3HH composition ratio in the PHA fraction (II) is 0 mol% or more and 15 mol% or less.
- the lower limit of the average 3HH composition ratio is preferably 0.1 mol% or more, more preferably 1 mol% or more, further preferably 2 mol% or more, still more preferably 3 mol% or more.
- the upper limit of the average 3HH composition ratio is preferably 12 mol% or less, more preferably 10 mol% or less.
- the weight ratio of the PHA fraction (I) in the copolymerized PHA mixture is preferably 10% to 90%, more preferably 20% to 80%, and particularly preferably 30% to 70%.
- the weight ratio of the PHA fraction (II) in the copolymerized PHA mixture is preferably 10% to 90%, more preferably 20% to 80%, and particularly preferably 30% to 70%.
- the average 3HH composition ratio shown by the entire copolymerized PHA mixture is 22 mol% or less.
- the adhesiveness of the copolymerized PHA mixture becomes high, and unintended formation of agglomerates or formation of agglomerates in the isolation and purification steps of the copolymerized PHA mixture after fermentation and production by microorganisms may occur. Problems such as adhesion or blockage in piping or pump equipment are less likely to occur, and industrial isolation and purification of copolymerized PHA mixtures tends to be difficult.
- the average 3HH composition ratio of the entire copolymerized PHA mixture is preferably 10 to 22 mol%. , 11-20 mol% is more preferred, 12-18 mol% is even more preferred, and 13-17 mol% is particularly preferred.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture has a PHA fraction (I) having a high average 3HH composition ratio and a PHA fraction having a low average 3HH composition ratio by a solvent fractionation method utilizing the difference in solubility in methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). It can be fractionated into (II).
- MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone
- the specific fractionation procedure is described below. First, about 100 mg of the copolymerized PHA mixture is measured in a screw cap test tube, 10 ml of MIBK is added, and the cap is closed. Then, the mixture is heated at 140 ° C. with shaking for about 1 to 3 hours to completely dissolve the copolymerized PHA mixture. After complete dissolution, leave at 25 ° C. for 1 minute to lower the temperature below the boiling point, immediately transfer all the dissolved solutions to a centrifuge tube whose weight has been measured in advance, and close the cap. The capped centrifuge tube is left at 25 ° C. for 15 minutes to precipitate a part of the lysate.
- the precipitate and the lysate are separated by centrifugation (9000 rpm, 5 minutes), and all the lysates are transferred to a pre-weighed aluminum cup.
- 10 ml of MIBK is added to the centrifuge tube in which the precipitate remains, mixed with a vortex mixer, centrifuged again (9000 rpm, 5 minutes), and the solution is transferred to an aluminum cup containing the solution.
- the aluminum cup is heated at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes to volatilize MIBK and precipitate the lysate. Further, the precipitate remaining in the aluminum cup and the precipitate remaining in the centrifuge tube are each vacuum dried at 100 ° C. for 6 hours.
- the precipitate remaining in the aluminum cup is weighed as the PHA fraction (I), and the precipitate remaining in the centrifuge tube is weighed as the PHA fraction (II). It is confirmed that the difference between the total weight of the PHA fraction (I) and the PHA fraction (II) and the weight of the initially measured copolymerized PHA mixture is within ⁇ 3%.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture preferably has the highest melting peak temperature of 130 ° C. or higher in the differential scanning calorimetry measured for this mixture. By satisfying this condition, the crystal solidification of the copolymerized PHA mixture can proceed in a short time, and the processability of the copolymerized PHA mixture can be improved.
- the highest melting peak temperature is preferably 130 to 165 ° C, more preferably 130 to 155 ° C.
- the highest melting peak temperature exhibited by the copolymerized PHA mixture is obtained by measuring about 2 mg of the copolymerized PHA mixture using a differential scanning calorimetry device and measuring the temperature from ⁇ 30 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min. In the DSC curve obtained when the temperature is raised to, it is measured as the temperature of the melting peak on the highest temperature side.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture may have another melting peak in a region lower than this peak, for example, having a melting peak at 100 ° C. or lower. May be.
- the microorganism used in producing the copolymerized PHA mixture (hereinafter, also referred to as “copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism”) is not particularly limited as long as it is a microorganism capable of fermentatively producing the copolymerized PHA mixture, and PHA is originally used. It may be a wild strain that accumulates in a microbial manner, a mutant strain obtained by artificially mutating such a wild strain, or a foreign PHA synthase gene introduced by a genetic engineering method. Therefore, it may be a strain to which PHA accumulation ability is imparted.
- the recombinant PHA mixture-producing bacterium or when the bacterium is a transformant, the host of the transformant is not particularly limited, but for example, Ralstonia, Cupriavidus, and the like. Bacteria belonging to the genus Watersia, Aeromonas, Escherichia, Alcaligenes, Pseudomonas and the like are preferred examples.
- a bacterium belonging to the genus Larstonia the genus Cupriavidus, the genus Aeromonas, the genus Woutersia, still more preferably a bacterium belonging to the genus Capriavidus or the genus Aeromonas, and even more preferably the genus Cupriavidus. It is a bacterium belonging to the above, and particularly preferably Cupriavidus necator.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism is a gene encoding two types of PHA synthases having different polymerization activities for 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA so that two types of PHA having different average 3HH composition ratios can be efficiently produced. It is preferable that the microorganism has.
- 3-Hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA is a precursor of the 3HH structural unit contained in PHA.
- the mixture can be fermented and produced inside the cells of the microorganism.
- the microorganism may have at least two genes encoding PHA synthases having different polymerization activities for 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA, as long as the copolymerized PHA mixture can be fermentatively produced. It may have three or more kinds of genes.
- the two types of PHA synthases having different polymerization activities for 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA are not particularly limited, but the sequence identity of the amino acid sequences between the two types of PHA synthases is preferably 90% or less. .. It is more preferably 80% or less, still more preferably 70% or less. It is generally considered that PHA synthase functions by forming multimers such as dimers. If the sequence homology of the amino acid sequence between the two types of PHA synthases is higher than 90%, it is possible that the two types of PHA synthases form heterodimers and the like, and the copolymerized PHA mixture cannot be produced. Be done.
- the combination of two types of PHA synthases having different polymerization activities for 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA for example, wild-type PHA synthesis derived from Aeromonas cavier having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1
- Examples thereof include a combination of genes (B) encoding a PHA synthase having low polymerization activity for CoA.
- Examples of the gene (A) include a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Aeromonas or a variant thereof, and specifically, the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or SEQ ID NO: 3 ( Examples thereof include a gene encoding an amino acid sequence having 90 to 100% sequence identity with respect to (amino acid sequence of PHA synthase variant derived from Aeromonas spp.).
- the sequence identity is preferably 95% or more, more preferably 97% or more, particularly preferably 99% or more, and most preferably 99.5% or more.
- the gene (B) was composed of a combination of a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Aeromonas and a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Capriavidas.
- Examples include genes, and specific examples thereof include genes encoding amino acid sequences having 90 to 100% sequence identity with respect to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6.
- a PHA synthase gene derived from a bacterium belonging to the genus Chromobacterium or a mutant thereof can also be mentioned, and specifically, 90 with respect to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5.
- examples include genes encoding amino acid sequences having up to 100% sequence identity.
- a PHA synthase gene derived from a bacterium of the genus Bacillus or a mutant thereof can also be mentioned, and specifically, 90 to 100 with respect to the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7 and SEQ ID NO: 8.
- Examples include genes encoding amino acid sequences having% sequence identity.
- the above-mentioned sequence identity of the gene (B) is preferably 95% or more, more preferably 97% or more, and particularly preferably 99% or more.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism has a 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-for intracellular PHA synthase as compared with a wild strain of the microorganism. It is preferably a transformed microorganism that has been transformed to increase the supply of CoA. Specifically, transformed microorganisms transformed so as to suppress the decomposition of intermediate metabolites having 6 carbon atoms in ⁇ -oxidation of fats and oils or fatty acids are preferable.
- Examples of the transformed microorganism transformed so as to suppress the decomposition of the intermediate metabolite having 6 carbon atoms in the ⁇ -oxidation of fats and oils or fatty acids include ⁇ -having 6 carbon atoms as described in Patent Document 7, for example.
- Examples thereof include transformed microorganisms transformed so as to suppress the expression of a gene encoding a ⁇ -ketothiolase enzyme having thiolysis activity against ⁇ -ketohexanoyl-CoA, which is ketoacyl-CoA.
- a ⁇ -ketothiolase enzyme having an amino acid sequence showing 90 to 100% sequence identity with respect to the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9 or SEQ ID NO: 10 is encoded.
- Genes include, but are not limited to.
- the sequence identity is preferably 95% or more, more preferably 97% or more, and particularly preferably 99% or more.
- a method of completely deleting the enzyme gene in a transformed microorganism for example, a method of completely deleting the enzyme gene in a transformed microorganism, or a completely different method such as a drug resistance gene inside the sequence of the enzyme gene.
- examples thereof include a method of inserting a gene, a method of deleting, substituting, adding or inserting a part of a sequence of the enzyme gene (preferably a region related to enzyme activity).
- the gene disruption operation includes, for example, a homologous recombination technique using a vector containing a disruption gene or a disruption DNA, a technique using a transposon, and the like.
- a CRISPR / Cas for example, Cas9 system for disrupting a target gene or a genome editing technique using TALEN (Y. Wang et al., ACS Synth Biol. 2016, 5 (7): 721) -732; Bogdanove and Voicetas, Science, 333: 1843-1846, 2011; Jinek, et al., Science, 337: 816-821,202; Shalem, et al., Science, 343: 84-87, 2014; , Et al., Science, 343: 80-84, 2014) and the like.
- TALEN Y. Wang et al., ACS Synth Biol. 2016, 5 (7): 721) -732; Bogdanove and Voicetas, Science, 333: 1843-1846, 2011; Jinek, et al., Science, 337: 816-821,202; Shalem, et al., Science, 343: 84-87, 2014; , Et al., Science, 3
- the guide RNA has a sequence that can bind to a part of the base sequence of the ⁇ -ketothiolase gene to be destroyed, and has a role of transporting Cas9 to the target.
- mutations such as deletion, substitution, addition, and insertion of the base sequence around the gene may reduce the transcription / translation efficiency of the gene and the stability of mRNA, thereby eliminating or reducing the enzyme activity. can.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism may be a microorganism having a gene encoding a protein exhibiting R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase activity in order to efficiently produce a copolymerized PHA mixture having a high average 3HH composition ratio.
- R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase has the function of converting hexenoyl-CoA to 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA in microbial cells.
- the microorganism has a gene encoding a protein exhibiting R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase activity, the amount of conversion to 3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA is increased, and as a result, the produced copolymerized PHA is increased. It is presumed that the average 3HH composition ratio exhibited by the mixture is increased.
- the microorganism having a gene encoding a protein exhibiting R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase activity may be a microorganism that originally has the gene, or the foreign gene has been introduced by a genetic engineering technique. It may be a microorganism.
- Examples of the gene encoding the foreign R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase activity include Aeromonas, which encodes the R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11.
- Aeromonas which encodes the R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 11.
- a gene derived from caviae a gene derived from capriavidas necatol encoding an R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 12 or SEQ ID NO: 13, and an enzyme having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14.
- the Multifectional protein type 2 (MFE2) gene from Yarrowia lipolytica the MFE2 gene from Drosophylla melanogaster encoding the enzyme having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, or each of the MFE2 genes set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 11 to 15.
- the introduced gene may be present on a chromosome possessed by a host microorganism or on DNA such as a plasmid or a megaplasmid. From the viewpoint of retention of the transgene, it is preferably present on the chromosome or megaplasmid possessed by the microorganism, and more preferably on the chromosome possessed by the microorganism.
- the expression level of the gene is increased by substituting, deleting or adding the base sequence upstream of the gene. You may.
- a method of locally replacing or inserting an arbitrary DNA on a DNA possessed by a microorganism or a method of deleting an arbitrary site of a DNA possessed by a microorganism is well known to those skilled in the art, and the trait according to the present embodiment. It can be used in the production of converted microorganisms. Although not particularly limited, typical methods include a method utilizing a transposon and a homologous recombination mechanism (Ohman et al., J. Bacteriol., Vol. 162: p. 1068 (1985)), and a homologous recombination mechanism.
- a method for easily isolating a microbial strain in which a gene has been lost by homologous recombination in the second step as a shoeclaus-added medium-resistant strain (Schweizer, Mol. Microbiol., Vol. 6, p. 1195 (1992); Lenz. Etc., J. Bacteriol., Vol. 176, p. 4385 (1994)) and the like.
- the method for introducing the vector into cells is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a calcium chloride method, an electroporation method, a polyethylene glycol method, and a spheroplast method.
- the promoter for expressing the transgene is not particularly limited. Capriavidas necatol promoter of phaC1 gene, promoter of phaP1 gene, lac promoter derived from Escherichia coli, lacUV5 promoter, trc promoter, tic promoter, tac promoter, or artificially prepared modification from Escherichia coli shown by SEQ ID NO: 16.
- a lacN17 promoter having a base sequence, an artificially prepared lacN19 promoter having a modified base sequence derived from Escherichia coli represented by SEQ ID NO: 17, and the like can be used.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture By culturing the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism, the copolymerized PHA mixture can be accumulated in the microbial cells.
- a conventional microbial culturing method can be followed, and the culturing may be carried out in a medium in which an appropriate carbon source is present.
- the medium composition, carbon source addition method, culture scale, aeration and stirring conditions, culture temperature, culture time, and the like are not particularly limited.
- the carbon source is preferably added to the medium continuously or intermittently.
- any carbon source can be used as long as the above-mentioned copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism can be assimilated.
- sugars such as glucose, fructose, shoe cloth, and xylose; palm oil and palm kernel oil (including palm olein, palm double olein, palm kernel oil olein, etc., which are fractions having a low melting point separated from these).
- copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism can use gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, methanol and ethanol, and alcohols, these can also be used as a carbon source.
- the carbon source preferably contains fats and oils or fatty acids.
- the fat and oil vegetable oil or fractionated oil thereof is preferable.
- the chain length of the fat or fatty acid is preferably short
- the carbon source preferably contains a medium-chain fatty acid having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or a glyceride of the medium-chain fatty acid, and the carbon source contains caproic acid. Is even more preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the fatty acid contained in the carbon source is 6 to 12, the amount of intermediate metabolite having 6 carbon atoms produced in ⁇ -oxidation increases, and a PHA fraction having a high average 3HH composition ratio can be efficiently obtained. it is conceivable that.
- the microorganism In the production of the copolymerized PHA mixture, it is preferable to culture the microorganism using a medium containing the carbon source, a nitrogen source which is a nutrient source other than the carbon source, inorganic salts, and other organic nutrient sources.
- a nitrogen source which is a nutrient source other than the carbon source
- inorganic salts and other organic nutrient sources.
- the nitrogen source include, but are not limited to, ammonia; ammonium salts such as ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate; peptone, meat extract, yeast extract and the like.
- the inorganic salts include potassium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and the like.
- examples of other organic nutrient sources include amino acids such as glycine, alanine, serine, threonine and proline, and vitamins such as vitamin B1, vitamin
- the copolymerized PHA mixture After culturing the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism for an appropriate time to accumulate the copolymerized PHA mixture in the microbial cells, the copolymerized PHA mixture is recovered using a well-known method.
- the recovery method is not particularly limited, but industrially, recovery by separation / purification in an aqueous system having a low environmental load is preferable.
- a cell crushing solution in which cell components other than PHA are dissolved in water by applying a mechanical shearing force or crushing cells using a surfactant, alkali, enzyme, or the like. can.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture can be recovered by separating the copolymerized PHA mixture from the aqueous phase by filtration or centrifugation of the cell disruption solution and then drying the mixture.
- the overall genetic manipulation can be performed as described in, for example, Molecular Cloning (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (1989)).
- enzymes used for genetic manipulation, cloning hosts, etc. can be purchased from market suppliers and used according to the explanation.
- the enzyme is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for genetic manipulation.
- Example 1 of microbial strain preparation Preparation of copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (1) First, a plasmid for PHA synthase gene disruption was prepared. The production was carried out as follows. By PCR using synthetic oligo DNA, DNA fragments (SEQ ID NO: 18) having base sequences upstream and downstream from the phaC1 structural gene (PHA synthase gene) of Cupriavidus necator H16 strain were obtained.
- This DNA fragment was digested with the restriction enzyme SwaI, and the obtained DNA fragment was digested with SwaI using the vector pNS2X-sacB and DNA ligase (Ligation High (manufactured by Toyo Boseki Co., Ltd.)) described in JP-A-2007-259708.
- a plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + phaC1UD for disrupting the PHA synthase gene was prepared.
- a PHA synthase gene disrupted strain was prepared as follows. Escherichia coli S17-1 strain (ATCC47055) was transformed with pNS2X-sacB + phaC1UD, a plasmid vector for PHA synthase gene disruption, and the transformed microorganisms obtained thereby were KNK005dZ / trc-J4b / dbktB / dA1528 strain and Nutrient Agar medium (Difco). The mixture was mixed and cultured on (manufactured by the company) to carry out conjugation transfer.
- the KNK005dZ / trc-J4b / dbktB / dA1528 strain lacks the phaZ1 gene, phaZ2 gene, and phaZ6 gene on the chromosome of the Capriavidas necatol H16 strain, and the PHA synthase gene on the chromosome is derived from Aeromonas cabier.
- PHA synthase gene variant (gene encoding the PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2, that is, the N149S / D171G variant gene) is replaced with an R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase on the chromosome.
- a plasmid for PHA synthase gene transfer was prepared.
- the production was carried out as follows. Described in the nucleotide sequences upstream and downstream of the bktB structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) of the capriavidas necatol H16 strain, the lacN19 promoter which is a variant of the lac promoter of Escherichia coli, and SEQ ID NO: 2 by PCR using synthetic oligo DNA.
- a DNA fragment (SEQ ID NO: 19) having the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence of (SEQ ID NO: 19) was obtained.
- This DNA fragment was digested with the restriction enzyme SwaI, and the obtained DNA fragment was digested with SwaI using the vector pNS2X-sacB and DNA ligase (Ligation High (manufactured by Toyo Boseki Co., Ltd.)) described in JP-A-2007-259708. It was ligated to prepare a plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + bktbU-lacN19-NSDG-bktbD for introducing a PHA synthase gene.
- a PHA synthase gene transfer strain was prepared as follows.
- the plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + bktbU-lacN19-NSDG-bktb for PHA synthase gene transfer was introduced into the KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB / dA1528 strain by a method using the same conjugation transmission as described above.
- a plasmid for PHA synthase gene transfer was prepared. The production was carried out as follows. Described in the nucleotide sequences upstream and downstream of the A1528 structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) of Capriavidas necatol H16 strain, the lacN17 promoter which is a variant of the lac promoter of Escherichia coli, and SEQ ID NO: 6 by PCR using synthetic oligo DNA. A DNA fragment (SEQ ID NO: 20) having the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence of (SEQ ID NO: 20) was obtained.
- This DNA fragment was digested with the restriction enzyme SwaI, and the obtained DNA fragment was digested with SwaI using the vector pNS2X-sacB and DNA ligase (Ligation High (manufactured by Toyo Boseki Co., Ltd.)) described in JP-A-2007-259708.
- a plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + A1528U-lacN17-AcNSRe12-A1528D for introducing a PHA synthase gene was prepared.
- the plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + A1528U-lacN17-AcNSRe12-A1528D for introducing the PHA synthase gene was transferred to KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB :: lacN19-NSDG / dA1528 by the same conjugation transmission method as described above. Introduced in. Further, by the same culture as above and selection with Nutrient Agar medium containing 15% shoe cloth, the PHA synthase having the lacN17 promoter and the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6 at the position where the A1528 gene was originally present on the chromosome.
- the obtained strain was named KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB :: lacN19-NSDG / dA1528 :: lacN17-AcNSRe12 strain (hereinafter, may be referred to as a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (1)). ..
- the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism strain (1) is derived from the genus Aeromonas having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 by deleting the phaZ1 gene, the phaZ2 gene, and the phaZ6 gene on the chromosome of the Capriavidas necatol H16 strain. And a gene encoding a PHA synthase variant of the above, and a gene encoding a PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6 (that is, a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Aeromonas).
- a gene encoding a PHA synthase which is composed by combining a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Capriavidas) was introduced, and the expression of the R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase gene on the chromosome was introduced. Is fortified, the bktB structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) is deleted, and the A1528 structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) is further deleted.
- Example 2 of microbial strain preparation Preparation of copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (2) First, a plasmid for introducing a PHA synthase gene was prepared. The production was carried out as follows. By PCR using synthetic oligo DNA, PHA having the nucleotide sequences upstream and downstream from the bktB structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) of Capriavidas necatol H16 strain, the lac promoter of Escherichia coli, and the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. A DNA fragment (SEQ ID NO: 21) having the base sequence of the gene encoding the synthase was obtained.
- This DNA fragment was digested with the restriction enzyme SwaI, and the obtained DNA fragment was digested with SwaI using the vector pNS2X-sacB and DNA ligase (Ligation High (manufactured by Toyo Boseki Co., Ltd.)) described in JP-A-2007-259708. It was ligated to prepare a plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + bktbU-lac-NSDG-bktbD for introducing a PHA synthase gene.
- a PHA synthase gene transfer strain was prepared as follows.
- the plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + bktbU-lac-NSDG-bktb for PHA synthase gene transfer was introduced into the KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB / dA1528 strain by the same conjugation transmission method as described above.
- the plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + A1528U-lacN17-AcNSRe12-A1528D for introducing the PHA synthase gene was introduced into the KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB :: lac-NSDG / dA1528 strain by the same conjugation transmission method as described above. Introduced in. Further, by the same culture as above and selection with Nutrient Agar medium containing 15% shoe cloth, the PHA synthase having the lacN17 promoter and the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6 at the position where the A1528 gene was originally present on the chromosome.
- the obtained strain was named KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB :: lac-NSDG / dA1528 :: lacN17-AcNSRe12 strain (hereinafter, may be referred to as a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (2)). ..
- the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism strain (2) is derived from the genus Aeromonas having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 by deleting the phaZ1 gene, the phaZ2 gene, and the phaZ6 gene on the chromosome of the Capriavidas necatol H16 strain. And a gene encoding a PHA synthase variant of the above, and a gene encoding a PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6 (that is, a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Aeromonas).
- a gene encoding a PHA synthase which is composed by combining a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Capriavidas) was introduced, and the expression of the R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase gene on the chromosome was introduced. Is fortified, the bktB structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) is deleted, and the A1528 structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) is further deleted.
- a plasmid for expressing the PHA synthase gene was prepared. The production was carried out as follows. By PCR using synthetic oligo DNA, a DNA fragment (SEQ ID NO: 22) having the lacN17 promoter, which is a variant of the lac promoter of Escherichia coli, was obtained. This DNA fragment was digested with restriction enzymes EcoRI and MunI, and the obtained DNA fragment was ligated with the plasmid vector pCUP2 described in WO 2007/049716 cleaved with MunI to form pCUP2 downstream of the lacN17 promoter.
- This DNA fragment was digested with restriction enzymes MunI and SpeI, and the obtained DNA fragment was ligated with pCUP2-lacN17 cleaved with MunI and SpeI to form a PHA synthase gene expression plasmid pCUP2-lacN17-AcNSRe12-NSDG.
- the plasmid pCUP2-lacN17-AcNSRe12-NSDG for expressing the PHA synthase gene was introduced into the KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB / dA1528 strain, and pCUP2-lacN17-AcNSRe12-NSDG / KNK005dZ / kNK005dZ A dbktB / dA1528 strain (hereinafter, also referred to as a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (3)) was obtained.
- the plasmid vector was introduced into cells by the electroporation method as follows.
- a gene pulsar manufactured by Bio-Rad was used as the gene transfer device, and a gap 0.2 cm also manufactured by Bio-rad was used as the cuvette.
- 400 ⁇ l of competent cells and 20 ⁇ l of expression vector were injected into the cuvette and set in a pulse device, and an electric pulse was applied under the conditions of a capacitance of 25 ⁇ F, a voltage of 1.5 kV, and a resistance value of 800 ⁇ .
- the bacterial solution in the cuvette was cultured with shaking in Nutrient Broth medium (manufactured by DIFCO) at 30 ° C.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism strain (3) is derived from the genus Aeromonas having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 by deleting the phaZ1 gene, the phaZ2 gene, and the phaZ6 gene on the chromosome of the Capriavidas necatol H16 strain.
- a gene encoding a PHA synthase variant of the above, and a gene encoding a PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6 that is, a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Aeromonas.
- a gene encoding a PHA synthase, which is composed by combining a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Capriavidas) was introduced, and the expression of the R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase gene on the chromosome was introduced. Is fortified, the bktB structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) is deleted, and the A1528 structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) is further deleted.
- Example 4 of microbial strain preparation Preparation of copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (4) First, a plasmid for introducing a PHA synthase gene was prepared. The production was carried out as follows. PHA synthesis having the nucleotide sequences upstream and downstream of the bktB structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) of Capriavidas necatol H16 strain, the lac promoter of Escherichia coli, and the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6 by PCR using synthetic oligo DNA.
- a DNA fragment (SEQ ID NO: 24) having the base sequence of the gene encoding the enzyme and the gene encoding the PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 was obtained.
- This DNA fragment was digested with the restriction enzyme SwaI, and the obtained DNA fragment was digested with SwaI using the vector pNS2X-sacB and DNA ligase (Ligation High (manufactured by Toyo Boseki Co., Ltd.)) described in JP-A-2007-259708.
- a plasmid vector for PHA synthase gene transfer pNS2X-sacB + bktbU-lac-AcNSRe12-NSDG-bktbD, was prepared.
- a PHA synthase gene transfer strain was prepared as follows.
- the plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + bktbU-lac-AcNSRe12-NSDG-bktbD for PHA synthase gene transfer was introduced into the KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB / dA1528 strain by the same conjugation transmission method as described above.
- the obtained strain was named KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB :: lac-AcNSRe12-NSDG / dA1528 strain (hereinafter, may be referred to as a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (4)).
- the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism strain (4) is derived from the genus Aeromonas having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 by deleting the phaZ1 gene, the phaZ2 gene, and the phaZ6 gene on the chromosome of the Capriavidas necatol H16 strain.
- a gene encoding a PHA synthase variant of the above, and a gene encoding a PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 6 that is, a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Aeromonas.
- a gene encoding a PHA synthase, which is composed by combining a part of a polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase gene derived from a microorganism of the genus Capriavidas) was introduced, and the expression of the R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase gene on the chromosome was introduced. Is fortified, the bktB structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) is deleted, and the A1528 structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) is further deleted.
- Example 5 of microbial strain preparation Preparation of copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (5)
- a plasmid for expressing the PHA synthase gene was prepared. The production was carried out as follows. By PCR using synthetic oligo DNA, the gene encoding the PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, the gene encoding the PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, and SEQ ID NO: 3 were obtained.
- a DNA fragment (SEQ ID NO: 26) having the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the PHA synthase having the above amino acid sequence was obtained.
- the plasmid pCUP2-lacN17-RCYB4-NSDGST for expressing the PHA synthase gene was introduced into the KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB / dA1528 strain by the electroporation method described in microbial strain preparation example 3, and pCUP2.
- -LacN17-RCYB4-NSDGST / KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB / dA1528 strain (hereinafter, may be referred to as a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (5)) was obtained.
- the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism strain (5) is derived from the genus Aeromonas having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 by deleting the phaZ1 gene, the phaZ2 gene, and the phaZ6 gene on the chromosome of the Capriavidas necatol H16 strain.
- a gene encoding a PHA synthase variant of PHA and a gene encoding a PHA synthase derived from the genus Bacillus having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7 and SEQ ID NO: 8 were introduced into the R-form-specific enoyl on the chromosome.
- Example 6 of microbial strain preparation Preparation of copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (6)
- a plasmid for introducing a PHA synthase gene was prepared. The production was carried out as follows. Described in the nucleotide sequences upstream and downstream of the A1528 structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) of Capriavidas necatol H16 strain, the lacN17 promoter which is a variant of the lac promoter of Escherichia coli, and SEQ ID NO: 5 by PCR using synthetic oligo DNA.
- a DNA fragment (SEQ ID NO: 27) having the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence of (SEQ ID NO: 27) was obtained.
- This DNA fragment was digested with the restriction enzyme SwaI, and the obtained DNA fragment was digested with SwaI using the vector pNS2X-sacB and DNA ligase (Ligation High (manufactured by Toyo Boseki Co., Ltd.)) described in JP-A-2007-259708.
- a plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + A1528U-lacN17-CsAG-A1528D for introducing a PHA synthase gene was prepared.
- the plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + A1528U-lacN17-CsAG-A1528D for introducing the PHA synthase gene was introduced into the KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB :: lac-NSDG / dA1528 strain by a method using the same conjugation transmission as described above. Introduced in. Further, by the same culture as above and selection with Nutrient Agar medium containing 15% shoe cloth, the PHA synthase having the lacN17 promoter and the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 at the position where the A1528 gene was originally present on the chromosome.
- the obtained strain was named KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB :: lac-NSDG / dA1528 :: lacN17-CsAG strain (hereinafter, may be referred to as a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (6)). ..
- the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microorganism strain (6) is derived from the genus Aeromonas having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 by deleting the phaZ1 gene, the phaZ2 gene, and the phaZ6 gene on the chromosome of the Capriavidas necatol H16 strain.
- a gene encoding a PHA synthase variant of PHA and a gene encoding a PHA synthase derived from Chromobacterium having the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5 were introduced into the R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase on the chromosome. It is a strain in which the expression of the gene is enhanced, the bktB structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) is deleted, and the A1528 structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) is further deleted.
- P (3HB-co-3HH) -producing microbial strain (1) The KNK005dZ strain (hereinafter, may be referred to as P (3HB-co-3HH) -producing microbial strain (1)) is , PHA synthase gene derived from Aeromonas genus (gene encoding PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2) is introduced on the chromosome of Capriavidas necatol H16 strain, and it is a PHA degrading enzyme gene on the chromosome. It is a transformed microorganism lacking the phZ1,2,6 gene. This transformed microorganism can be produced according to the method described in PCT International Publication No. 2014/065253.
- Example 8 of microbial strain preparation Preparation of P (3HB-co-3HH) -producing microbial strain (2)
- a plasmid for PHA synthase gene transfer was prepared. The production was carried out as follows. By PCR using synthetic oligo DNA, PHA having the nucleotide sequences upstream and downstream from the phaZ6 structural gene of Capriavidas necatol H16 strain, the lacN17 promoter which is a variant of the lac promoter of Escherichia coli, and the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.
- a DNA fragment (SEQ ID NO: 28) having the base sequence of the gene encoding the synthase was obtained.
- This DNA fragment was digested with the restriction enzyme SwaI, and the obtained DNA fragment was digested with SwaI using the vector pNS2X-sacB and DNA ligase (Ligation High (manufactured by Toyo Boseki Co., Ltd.)) described in JP-A-2007-259708.
- DNA ligase Ligation High (manufactured by Toyo Boseki Co., Ltd.)
- JP-A-2007-25978 By ligation, a plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + phaZ6U-lacN17-NSDG-phaZ6D for introducing a PHA synthase gene was prepared.
- the plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + phaZ6U-lacN17-NSDG-phaZ6D for introducing the PHA synthase gene was introduced into the KNK005dZ / trc-J4b / dbktB strain by a method using the same conjugation transmission as described above.
- the KNK005dZ / trc-J4b / dbktB strain lacks the phaZ1 gene, the phaZ2 gene, and the phaZ6 gene on the chromosome of the Capriavidas necatol H16 strain, and the PHA synthase gene on the chromosome is replaced with the PHA derived from Aeromonas cavier.
- a variant of the synthase gene (gene encoding the PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, that is, the N149S / D171G variant gene), and the R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase gene on the chromosome. It is a strain whose expression is enhanced and the bktB structural gene is deleted, and can be prepared according to the method described in PCT International Publication No. 2019/142845.
- KNK005dZ was prepared by using the same plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + phaC1UD for PHA synthase gene disruption as above. It was introduced into the / trc-J4b / dbktB strain. Furthermore, one strain lacking the PHA synthase gene on the chromosome was isolated by the same culture as above and selection with Nutrient Agar medium containing 15% shoe cloth. The obtained strain was named KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB strain.
- a plasmid for PHA synthase gene transfer was prepared.
- the production was carried out as follows. DNA having a base sequence upstream and downstream of the phaC1 structural gene of Capriavidas necatol H16 strain and a base sequence of a gene encoding a PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 by PCR using synthetic oligo DNA. A fragment (SEQ ID NO: 29) was obtained.
- This DNA fragment was digested with the restriction enzyme SwaI, and the obtained DNA fragment was digested with SwaI using the vector pNS2X-sacB and DNA ligase (Ligation High (manufactured by Toyo Boseki Co., Ltd.)) described in JP-A-2007-259708.
- DNA ligase Ligation High (manufactured by Toyo Boseki Co., Ltd.)
- JP-A-2007-25978 By ligation, a plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + phaC1U-NSDGST-phaC1D for introducing a PHA synthase gene was prepared.
- the plasmid vector pNS2X-sacB + phaC1U-NSDGST-phaC1D for introducing the PHA synthase gene was introduced into the KNK005dZ / dNSDG / trc-J4b / dbktB strain by the same conjugation transmission method as described above. Furthermore, in the same culture as above and selection with Nutrient Agar medium containing 15% shoe cloth, a gene encoding a PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 at the position where the phaC1 gene was originally present on the chromosome. One strain into which was introduced was isolated. The obtained strain was named KNK005dZ / NSDGST / trc-J4b / dbktB strain.
- a plasmid for expressing the PHA synthase gene was prepared.
- the production was carried out as follows.
- a DNA fragment (SEQ ID NO: 30) having the base sequence of the gene encoding the PHA synthase having the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 was obtained.
- This DNA fragment was digested with restriction enzymes MunI and SpeI, and the obtained DNA fragment was ligated with pCUP2 described in WO 2007/049716 cleaved with MunI and SpeI to obtain pCUP2-NSDGST.
- a DNA fragment having a trp promoter was obtained by PCR using synthetic oligo DNA.
- This DNA fragment was digested with the restriction enzyme MunI, and the obtained DNA fragment was ligated by cleaving pCUP2-NSDGST with MunI and the gene encoding the PHA synthase in the direction downstream of the trp promoter.
- a plasmid pCUP2-trp-NSDGST for expressing the PHA synthase gene was obtained.
- the plasmid pCUP2-trp-NSDGST for expressing the PHA synthase gene was introduced into the KNK005dZ / NSDGST / trc-J4b / dbktB strain by the electroporation method described in microbial strain preparation example 3, and pCUP2-trp-NSDGST.
- / KNK005dZ / NSDGST / trc-J4b / dbktB strain (hereinafter, may be referred to as P (3HB-co-3HH) producing microbial strain (3)) was obtained.
- the P (3HB-co-3HH) -producing microorganism strain (3) lacked the phaZ1 gene, the phaZ2 gene, and the phaZ6 gene on the chromosome of the capriavidas necatol H16 strain, and the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 was used.
- the plasmid pCUP2-trp-NSDGST for expressing the PHA synthase gene was introduced into the KNK005dZ / NSDGST / trc-J4b / dbktB / dA1528 strain by the electroporation method described in Example 3 of microbial strain preparation, and pCUP2-trp was introduced.
- -NSDGST / KNK005dZ / NSDGST / trc-J4b / dbktB / dA1528 strain (hereinafter, may be referred to as P (3HB-co-3HH) producing microbial strain (4)) was obtained.
- the P (3HB-co-3HH) -producing microorganism strain (4) lacked the phaZ1 gene, the phaZ2 gene, and the phaZ6 gene on the chromosome of the capriavidas necatol H16 strain, and the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 was used.
- a gene encoding a PHA synthase variant derived from the genus Aeromonas is introduced, the expression of the R-form-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase gene on the chromosome is enhanced, and the bktB structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene) is deleted. Furthermore, it is a strain lacking the A1528 structural gene ( ⁇ -ketothiolase gene).
- Example 1 PHA production by a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (1)
- a culture study using a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (1) was carried out under the following conditions.
- Tanehaha medium 1w / v% Meat-extract, 1w / v% Bacto-Tryptone, 0.2w / v% Yeast-extract, 0.9w / v% Na 2 HPO 4 ⁇ 12H 2 O, 0.15w / V% KH 2 PO 4 , (pH 6.8).
- composition of the preculture medium 1.1w / v% Na 2 HPO 4 ⁇ 12H 2 O, 0.19w / v% KH 2 PO 4, 1.29w / v% (NH 4) 2 SO 4, 0.1w / v% MgSO 4 ⁇ 7H 2 O , 2.5w / v% palm olein oil, 0.5 v / v% trace metal salt solution (1.6 w in 0.1N HCl / v% FeCl 3 ⁇ 6H 2 O, 1w / v% CaCl 2 ⁇ 2H 2 O , dissolved 0.02w / v% CoCl 2 ⁇ 6H 2 O, 0.016w / v% CuSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O, the 0.012w / v% NiCl 2 ⁇ 6H 2 O Things).
- composition of the PHA production medium 0.385w / v% Na 2 HPO 4 ⁇ 12H 2 O, 0.067w / v% KH 2 PO 4, 0.291w / v% (NH 4) 2 SO 4, 0.1w / v% MgSO 4 ⁇ 7H 2 O , 0.5v / v% trace metal salt solution (1.6 w in 0.1N HCl / v% FeCl 3 ⁇ 6H 2 O, 1w / v% CaCl 2 ⁇ 2H 2 O, 0 .02w / v% CoCl 2 ⁇ 6H 2 O, 0.016w / v% CuSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O, 0.012w / v% NiCl 2 ⁇ 6H 2 O those dissolved) and the.
- the ratio of the amount of PHA accumulated to the dried cells was measured as follows. The cells were recovered from the culture solution by centrifugation, washed with ethanol, lyophilized to obtain dried cells, and weighed. 100 ml of chloroform was added to 1 g of the obtained dried cells, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours to extract PHA (copolymerized PHA mixture) in the cells. The cell residue was filtered off, concentrated with an evaporator until the total volume reached 30 ml, 90 ml of hexane was gradually added, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 1 hour with gentle stirring. The precipitated PHA was filtered off and then vacuum dried at 50 ° C. for 3 hours. The weight of the dried PHA was measured, and the ratio of the accumulated amount of PHA to the amount of dried cells was calculated.
- the weight ratios of the PHA fractions (I) and (II) in the copolymerized PHA mixture were measured as follows. First, the dried PHA was fractionated into a PHA fraction (I) and a PHA fraction (II) by the MIBK fractionation method, and each was weighed. Next, the weight ratio of each fraction to the total weight of the PHA fraction (I) and the PHA fraction (II) was calculated.
- the average 3HH composition ratio of each of the copolymerized PHA mixture, PHA fraction (I), or PHA fraction (II) was measured as follows. Approximately 20 mg of the dried copolymer PHA mixture, PHA fraction (I), or PHA fraction (II) was added with 1 ml of sulfuric acid-methanol mixture (15:85) and 1 ml of chloroform, sealed, and sealed at 100 ° C. By heating for 140 minutes, methyl ester of PHA decomposition product was obtained. After cooling, 0.5 ml of deionized water was added thereto and mixed well, and then left to stand until the aqueous layer and the organic layer were separated.
- the monomer unit composition of the PHA decomposition product in the separated organic layer was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography.
- the gas chromatograph used was Shimadzu GC-17A, and the capillary column used was NEUTRA BOND-1 manufactured by GL Sciences (column length 25 m, column inner diameter 0.25 mm, liquid thickness 0.4 ⁇ m). He was used as the carrier gas, the column inlet pressure was 100 kPa, and 1 ⁇ l of the sample was injected.
- the temperature conditions the temperature was raised from the initial temperature of 50 to 200 ° C. at a rate of 8 ° C./min, and further raised to 200 to 290 ° C. at a rate of 30 ° C./min. From the peaks obtained by the analysis under the above conditions, the average 3HH composition ratio of the copolymerized PHA mixture, PHA fraction (I), or PHA fraction (II) was calculated.
- the molten strand-shaped resin composition was discharged from the die and immediately put into a water bath heated to 60 ° C., and the time for crystal solidification was measured. When solidified within 100 seconds, it was evaluated as having good workability ( ⁇ ). Then, the strands crystallized in a water bath were cut with nippers to obtain resin composition pellets.
- the PHA production culture was carried out as follows. First, the glycerol stock (50 ⁇ l) of the copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (1) was inoculated into the seed medium (10 ml) and cultured for 24 hours to perform seed mother culture. Next, the seed mother culture solution was inoculated at 1.0 v / v% into a 3 L jar fermenter (MDL-300 type manufactured by Maruhishi Bioengineer) containing 1.8 L of preculture medium.
- MDL-300 type manufactured by Maruhishi Bioengineer 3 L jar fermenter
- the operating conditions were a culture temperature of 30 ° C., a stirring speed of 500 rpm, an aeration rate of 1.8 L / min, and the culture was carried out for 28 hours while controlling the pH between 6.7 and 6.8, and pre-culture was performed.
- a 14% aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide was used for pH control.
- the preculture solution was inoculated at 5.0 v / v% into a 5 L jar fermenter (MDS-U50 type manufactured by Maruhishi Bioengine) containing 2.5 L of PHA production medium.
- the operating conditions were a culture temperature of 33 ° C., a stirring speed of 420 rpm, an aeration rate of 2.1 L / min, and a pH controlled between 6.7 and 6.8.
- a 25% aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide was used for pH control.
- the carbon source was added intermittently. Palm olein oil was used as the carbon source. Culturing was carried out until the ratio of the accumulated amount of PHA to the amount of dried cells reached 80% or more.
- Ratio of PHA accumulation to dried cells, copolymerized PHA mixture, PHA fraction (I), or average 3HH composition ratio of PHA fraction (II), weight ratio of PHA fractions (I) and (II), melting Peak temperature, melting enthalpy, processability and Ermendorf tear strength were measured as described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 PHA production by a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (2)
- a culture study using a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (2) was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- melting Table 1 shows the peak temperature, melting enthalpy, processability, and Ermendorf tear strength.
- Example 3 PHA production by a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (3)
- a culture study using a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (3) was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- Ratio of PHA accumulation to dried cells, copolymerized PHA mixture, PHA fraction (I), or average 3HH composition ratio of PHA fraction (II), weight ratio of PHA fractions (I) and (II), melting Table 1 shows the peak temperature, melting enthalpy, processability, and Ermendorf tear strength.
- Example 4 PHA production by a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (4)
- a culture study using a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (4) was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- Ratio of PHA accumulation to dried cells, copolymerized PHA mixture, PHA fraction (I), or average 3HH composition ratio of PHA fraction (II), weight ratio of PHA fractions (I) and (II), melting Table 1 shows the peak temperature, melting enthalpy, processability, and Ermendorf tear strength.
- Example 5 PHA production by a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (5)
- a culture study using a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (5) was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- Ratio of PHA accumulation to dried cells, copolymerized PHA mixture, PHA fraction (I), or average 3HH composition ratio of PHA fraction (II), weight ratio of PHA fractions (I) and (II), melting Table 1 shows the peak temperature, melting enthalpy, processability, and Ermendorf tear strength.
- Example 6 PHA production by a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (6)
- a culture study using a copolymerized PHA mixture-producing microbial strain (6) was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- Ratio of PHA accumulation to dried cells, copolymerized PHA mixture, PHA fraction (I), or average 3HH composition ratio of PHA fraction (II), weight ratio of PHA fractions (I) and (II), melting Table 1 shows the peak temperature, melting enthalpy, processability, and Ermendorf tear strength.
- the accumulated PHA of the P (3HB-co-3HH) -producing microbial strain (1) was P (3HB-co-3HH).
- the MIBK soluble fraction and the MIBK insoluble fraction refer to the PHA fraction (I) or the fraction obtained by the same method as the PHA fraction (II), respectively.
- the accumulated PHA of the P (3HB-co-3HH) -producing microbial strain (2) was P (3HB-co-3HH).
- the MIBK soluble fraction and the MIBK insoluble fraction refer to the PHA fraction (I) or the fraction obtained by the same method as the PHA fraction (II), respectively.
- the accumulated PHA of the P (3HB-co-3HH) -producing microbial strain (3) was P (3HB-co-3HH).
- the MIBK soluble fraction and the MIBK insoluble fraction refer to the PHA fraction (I) or the fraction obtained by the same method as the PHA fraction (II), respectively.
- the accumulated PHA of the P (3HB-co-3HH) -producing microbial strain (4) was P (3HB-co-3HH).
- the MIBK soluble fraction and the MIBK insoluble fraction refer to the PHA fraction (I) or the fraction obtained by the same method as the PHA fraction (II), respectively.
- the copolymerized PHA mixtures obtained in Examples 1 to 6 had good processability, high Ermendorf tear strength, and excellent mechanical properties.
- Comparative Example 1 in which the obtained copolymerized PHA mixture did not contain the PHA fraction (I), the Ermendorf tear strength was low.
- Comparative Example 2 in which the average 3HH composition ratio of the PHA fraction (I) was not 20 mol% or more, the processability was poor and the Ermendorf tear strength was also low.
- the average 3HH composition ratio of the copolymerized PHA mixture was not 22 mol% or less, and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 containing no PHA fraction (II) had poor processability.
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Abstract
Description
好ましくは、前記共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物中の前記ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸画分(I)の重量割合が10~90%である。
好ましくは、前記共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物は、平均3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸組成比率が10~22モル%である。
好ましくは、前記微生物は、3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が互いに異なる2種類のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素をコードする遺伝子を有する。
好ましくは、前記3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が互いに異なる2種類のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素のアミノ酸配列は、配列同一性が90%以下である。
好ましくは、前記3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が互いに異なる2種類のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素をコードする遺伝子が、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するアエロモナス・キャビエに由来する野生型ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素よりも3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が高いポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素をコードする遺伝子(A)、及び、前記アエロモナス・キャビエに由来する野生型ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素よりも3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が低いポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素をコードする遺伝子(B)である。
好ましくは、前記遺伝子(A)が、アエロモナス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子又はその変異体である。より好ましくは、前記遺伝子(A)が、配列番号2又は配列番号3で示されるアミノ酸配列に対して99.5~100%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列をコードする遺伝子である。
好ましくは、前記遺伝子(B)が、アエロモナス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部と、カプリアビダス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部を組み合わせて構成されたものである。より好ましくは、前記遺伝子(B)が、配列番号6で示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90~100%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列をコードする遺伝子である。
好ましくは、前記遺伝子(B)が、クロモバクテリウム属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子又はその変異体である。より好ましくは、前記遺伝子(B)が、配列番号4又は配列番号5で示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90~100%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列をコードする遺伝子である。
好ましくは、前記遺伝子(B)が、バチルス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子又はその変異体である。より好ましくは、前記遺伝子(B)が、配列番号7及び配列番号8で示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90~100%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列をコードする遺伝子である。
好ましくは、前記微生物は、該微生物の野生株と比較して、細胞内のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素に対する3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAの供給が増大するように形質転換された形質転換微生物である。より好ましくは、前記形質転換微生物は、油脂又は脂肪酸のβ酸化における炭素数6の中間代謝物の分解が抑制されるように形質転換されたものである。さらに好ましくは、前記形質転換微生物は、炭素数6のβ-ケトアシル-CoAであるβ-ケトヘキサノイル-CoAに対するチオリシス活性を有するβ-ケトチオラーゼ酵素をコードする遺伝子の発現が抑制されるように形質転換されたものである。
好ましくは、前記β-ケトチオラーゼ酵素は、配列番号9又は配列番号10で示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90~100%の配列同一性を示すアミノ酸配列を有する。
好ましくは、前記微生物は、R体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ活性を示すタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を有する微生物である。
好ましくは、前記培養工程において、油脂又は脂肪酸を含む炭素源を添加する。より好ましくは、前記油脂又は脂肪酸を含む炭素源が、炭素数6~12の中鎖脂肪酸、又は該中鎖脂肪酸のグリセリドを含む炭素源である。さらに好ましくは、前記中鎖脂肪酸が、ヘキサン酸である。
好ましくは、前記微生物は、カプリアビダス属に属する、またはカプリアビダス属微生物の形質転換体である。より好ましくは、前記微生物は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールである、またはカプリアビダス・ネカトールの形質転換体である。
また本発明は、共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物を産生する形質転換微生物であって、3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が互いに異なる2種類のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素をコードする遺伝子を有し、前記形質転換微生物の野生株と比較して、細胞内のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素に対する3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAの供給が増大するように形質転換されており、前記共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物が、3-ヒドロキシ酪酸構造単位及び3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸構造単位を有する共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸を含み、かつ平均3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸組成比率が20モル%以上であるポリヒドロキシアルカン酸画分(I)、及び、3-ヒドロキシ酪酸構造単位を有するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸を含み、かつ平均3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸組成比率が0モル%以上15モル%以下であるポリヒドロキシアルカン酸画分(II)を含有し、前記共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物は、平均3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸組成比率が22モル%以下である、形質転換微生物にも関する。
本発明は、共重合PHA混合物を製造する方法であって、前記共重合PHA混合物を産生する微生物を培養する工程を含む。
前記共重合PHA混合物は、3HB構造単位及び3HH構造単位を有する共重合PHAを含み、かつ平均3HH組成比率が20モル%以上であるPHA画分(I)と、3HB構造単位を有するPHAを含み、かつ平均3HH組成比率が0モル%以上15モル%以下であるPHA画分(II)から構成されるものである。前記共重合PHA混合物は、後述するMIBK分画法により、前記PHA画分(I)とPHA画分(II)に分画することができる。
前記共重合PHA混合物は、メチルイソブチルケトン(MIBK)への溶解度の差を利用した溶媒分画法により、平均3HH組成比率が高いPHA画分(I)と、平均3HH組成比率が低いPHA画分(II)に分画することができる。PHAは、3HH組成比率が高いほどMIBKへの溶解度が高くなる。そのため、前記共重合PHA混合物の全部を高温のMIBKに溶解させた後、温度を低下させ、3HH組成比率の低いPHA成分を析出させることで、前記PHA画分(I)とPHA画分(II)に分画することが可能である。
前記共重合PHA混合物は、これについて測定した示差走査熱量分析における最も高い融解ピーク温度が、130℃以上であることが好ましい。この条件を満足することにより、共重合PHA混合物の結晶固化が短時間で進行することができ、該共重合PHA混合物の加工性を良好なものにすることができる。前記最も高い融解ピーク温度は、130~165℃が好ましく、より好ましくは130~155℃である。
前記共重合PHA混合物を製造するにあたって使用する微生物(以下、「共重合PHA混合物生産微生物」ともいう)は、前記共重合PHA混合物を発酵生産可能な微生物であれば特に限定されず、PHAを本来的に蓄積する野生株であってもよいし、そのような野生株を人工的に突然変異処理して得られる変異株や、あるいは、遺伝子工学的手法により外来のPHA合成酵素遺伝子を導入することで、PHA蓄積能が付与された菌株であってもよい。
前記共重合PHA混合物生産微生物を培養することで、微生物細胞内に前記共重合PHA混合物を蓄積させることができる。前記共重合PHA混合物生産微生物を培養する方法としては、常法の微生物培養法に従うことができ、適切な炭素源が存在する培地中で培養を行なえばよい。培地組成、炭素源の添加方法、培養スケール、通気攪拌条件や、培養温度、培養時間などは特に限定されない。炭素源は、連続的に、または間欠的に培地に添加することが好ましい。
まず、PHA合成酵素遺伝子破壊用プラスミドの作製を行った。作製は以下のように行った。
合成オリゴDNAを用いたPCRにより、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株のphaC1構造遺伝子(PHA合成酵素遺伝子)より上流及び下流の塩基配列を有するDNA断片(配列番号18)を得た。このDNA断片を制限酵素SwaIで消化し、得られたDNA断片を、同じくSwaI消化した特開2007-259708号公報に記載のベクターpNS2X-sacBとDNAリガーゼ(Ligation High(東洋紡社製))にて連結し、PHA合成酵素遺伝子破壊用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+phaC1UDを作製した。
PHA合成酵素遺伝子破壊用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+phaC1UDで大腸菌S17-1株(ATCC47055)を形質転換し、それによって得た形質転換微生物を、KNK005dZ/trc-J4b/dbktB/dA1528株とNutrient Agar培地(Difco社製)上で混合培養して接合伝達を行った。
なお、KNK005dZ/trc-J4b/dbktB/dA1528株は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株の染色体上のphaZ1遺伝子、phaZ2遺伝子、及びphaZ6遺伝子を欠失し、染色体上のPHA合成酵素遺伝子を、アエロモナス・キャビエ由来のPHA合成酵素遺伝子の改変体(配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子、即ちN149S/D171G変異体遺伝子)に置換し、染色体上のR体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ遺伝子の発現が強化され、bktB構造遺伝子を欠失し、さらにA1528構造遺伝子を欠失した株であり、PCT国際公開第2019/142845号に記載の方法に準じて作製することができる。
得られた培養液を、250mg/Lのカナマイシンを含むシモンズ寒天培地(クエン酸ナトリウム2g/L、塩化ナトリウム5g/L、硫酸マグネシウム・7水塩0.2g/L、りん酸二水素アンモニウム1g/L、りん酸水素二カリウム1g/L、寒天15g/L、pH6.8)に播種し、寒天培地上で生育してきた菌株を選択して、プラスミドがKNK005dZ/trc-J4b/dbktB/dA1528株の染色体上に組み込まれた株を取得した。この株をNutrient Broth培地(Difco社製)で2世代培養した後、15%のシュークロースを含むNutrient Agar培地上に希釈して塗布し、生育してきた菌株をプラスミドが脱落した株として取得した。さらにPCRおよびDNAシーケンサーによる解析により染色体上のPHA合成酵素遺伝子を欠失した菌株1株を単離した。この遺伝子破壊株を、KNK005dZ/dNSDG/trc-J4b/dbktB/dA1528株と命名した。
合成オリゴDNAを用いたPCRにより、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株のbktB構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)より上流及び下流の塩基配列と、大腸菌のlacプロモーター改変体であるlacN19プロモーター、及び配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子の塩基配列を有するDNA断片(配列番号19)を得た。このDNA断片を制限酵素SwaIで消化し、得られたDNA断片を、同じくSwaI消化した特開2007-259708号公報に記載のベクターpNS2X-sacBとDNAリガーゼ(Ligation High(東洋紡社製))にて連結し、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+bktbU-lacN19-NSDG-bktbDを作製した。
PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+bktbU-lacN19-NSDG-bktbを上記と同様の接合伝達を用いた方法によって、KNK005dZ/dNSDG/trc-J4b/dbktB/dA1528株に導入した。さらに上記と同様の培養及び15%のシュークロースを含むNutrient Agar培地による選抜で、染色体上の元来bktB遺伝子が存在した位置にlacN19プロモーター、及び配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子が導入された菌株1株を単離した。得られた菌株をKNK005dZ/dNSDG/trc-J4b/dbktB::lacN19-NSDG/dA1528株と命名した。
合成オリゴDNAを用いたPCRにより、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株のA1528構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)より上流及び下流の塩基配列と、大腸菌のlacプロモーター改変体であるlacN17プロモーター、及び配列番号6に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子の塩基配列を有するDNA断片(配列番号20)を得た。このDNA断片を制限酵素SwaIで消化し、得られたDNA断片を、同じくSwaI消化した特開2007-259708号公報に記載のベクターpNS2X-sacBとDNAリガーゼ(Ligation High(東洋紡社製))にて連結し、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+A1528U-lacN17-AcNSRe12-A1528Dを作製した。
なお、共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(1)は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株の染色体上のphaZ1遺伝子、phaZ2遺伝子、及びphaZ6遺伝子を欠失し、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するアエロモナス属由来のPHA合成酵素変異体をコードする遺伝子と、配列番号6に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子(即ち、アエロモナス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部とカプリアビダス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部を組み合わせて構成された、PHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子)が導入され、染色体上のR体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ遺伝子の発現が強化され、bktB構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失し、さらにA1528構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失した株である。
まず、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドの作製を行った。作製は以下のように行った。
合成オリゴDNAを用いたPCRにより、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株のbktB構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)より上流及び下流の塩基配列と、大腸菌のlacプロモーター、及び配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子の塩基配列を有するDNA断片(配列番号21)を得た。このDNA断片を制限酵素SwaIで消化し、得られたDNA断片を、同じくSwaI消化した特開2007-259708号公報に記載のベクターpNS2X-sacBとDNAリガーゼ(Ligation High(東洋紡社製))にて連結し、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+bktbU-lac-NSDG-bktbDを作製した。
PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+bktbU-lac-NSDG-bktbを上記と同様の接合伝達を用いた方法によって、KNK005dZ/dNSDG/trc-J4b/dbktB/dA1528株に導入した。さらに上記と同様の培養及び15%のシュークロースを含むNutrient Agar培地による選抜で、染色体上の元来bktB遺伝子が存在した位置にlacプロモーター、及び配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子が導入された菌株1株を単離した。得られた菌株をKNK005dZ/dNSDG/trc-J4b/dbktB::lac-NSDG/dA1528株と命名した。
なお、共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(2)は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株の染色体上のphaZ1遺伝子、phaZ2遺伝子、及びphaZ6遺伝子を欠失し、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するアエロモナス属由来のPHA合成酵素変異体をコードする遺伝子と、配列番号6に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子(即ち、アエロモナス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部とカプリアビダス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部を組み合わせて構成された、PHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子)が導入され、染色体上のR体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ遺伝子の発現が強化され、bktB構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失し、さらにA1528構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失した株である。
まず、PHA合成酵素遺伝子発現用プラスミドの作製を行った。作製は以下のように行った。合成オリゴDNAを用いたPCRにより、大腸菌のlacプロモーター改変体であるlacN17プロモーターを有するDNA断片(配列番号22)を得た。このDNA断片を制限酵素EcoRIおよびMunIで消化し、得られたDNA断片を、国際公開2007/049716号に記載のプラスミドベクターpCUP2をMunIで切断したものと連結して、lacN17プロモーターの下流にpCUP2の制限酵素SpeI認識配列が位置する向きに連結されたものを選抜し、pCUP2-lacN17を得た。次に、合成オリゴDNAを用いたPCRにより、配列番号6に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子及び配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子の塩基配列を有するDNA断片(配列番号23)を得た。このDNA断片を制限酵素MunIおよびSpeIで消化し、得られたDNA断片を、pCUP2-lacN17をMunIおよびSpeIで切断したものと連結して、PHA合成酵素遺伝子発現用プラスミドpCUP2-lacN17-AcNSRe12-NSDGを得た。
プラスミドベクターの細胞への導入は以下のようにエレクトロポレーション法によって行った。遺伝子導入装置はBiorad社製のジーンパルサーを用い、キュベットは同じくBiorad社製のgap0.2cmを用いた。キュベットに、コンピテント細胞400μlと発現ベクター20μlを注入してパルス装置にセットし、静電容量25μF、電圧1.5kV、抵抗値800Ωの条件で電気パルスをかけた。パルス後、キュベット内の菌液をNutrientBroth培地(DIFCO社製)で30℃、3時間振とう培養し、選択プレート(NutrientAgar培地(DIFCO社製)、カナマイシン100mg/L)で、30℃にて2日間培養して、生育してきた共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(3)を取得した。
なお、共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(3)は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株の染色体上のphaZ1遺伝子、phaZ2遺伝子、及びphaZ6遺伝子を欠失し、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するアエロモナス属由来のPHA合成酵素変異体をコードする遺伝子と、配列番号6に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子(即ち、アエロモナス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部とカプリアビダス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部を組み合わせて構成された、PHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子)が導入され、染色体上のR体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ遺伝子の発現が強化され、bktB構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失し、さらにA1528構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失した株である。
まず、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドの作製を行った。作製は以下のように行った。
合成オリゴDNAを用いたPCRにより、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株のbktB構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)より上流及び下流の塩基配列と、大腸菌のlacプロモーター、配列番号6に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子、及び配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子の塩基配列を有するDNA断片(配列番号24)を得た。このDNA断片を制限酵素SwaIで消化し、得られたDNA断片を、同じくSwaI消化した特開2007-259708号公報に記載のベクターpNS2X-sacBとDNAリガーゼ(Ligation High(東洋紡社製))にて連結し、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+bktbU-lac-AcNSRe12-NSDG-bktbDを作製した。
PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+bktbU-lac-AcNSRe12-NSDG-bktbDを上記と同様の接合伝達を用いた方法によって、KNK005dZ/dNSDG/trc-J4b/dbktB/dA1528株に導入した。さらに上記と同様の培養及び15%のシュークロースを含むNutrient Agar培地による選抜で、染色体上の元来bktB遺伝子が存在した位置にlacプロモーター、配列番号6に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子、及び配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子が導入された菌株1株を単離した。得られた菌株をKNK005dZ/dNSDG/trc-J4b/dbktB::lac-AcNSRe12-NSDG/dA1528株(以下、共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(4)と記すこともある。)と命名した。
なお、共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(4)は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株の染色体上のphaZ1遺伝子、phaZ2遺伝子、及びphaZ6遺伝子を欠失し、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するアエロモナス属由来のPHA合成酵素変異体をコードする遺伝子と、配列番号6に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子(即ち、アエロモナス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部とカプリアビダス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部を組み合わせて構成された、PHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子)が導入され、染色体上のR体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ遺伝子の発現が強化され、bktB構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失し、さらにA1528構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失した株である。
まず、PHA合成酵素遺伝子発現用プラスミドの作製を行った。作製は以下のように行った。合成オリゴDNAを用いたPCRにより、配列番号7に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子、配列番号8に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子、及び配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子の塩基配列を有するDNA断片(配列番号26)を得た。このDNA断片を制限酵素MunIおよびSpeIで消化し、得られたDNA断片を、pCUP2-lacN17をMunIおよびSpeIで切断したものと連結して、PHA合成酵素遺伝子発現用プラスミドpCUP2-lacN17-RCYB4-NSDGSTを得た。
なお、共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(5)は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株の染色体上のphaZ1遺伝子、phaZ2遺伝子、及びphaZ6遺伝子を欠失し、配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するアエロモナス属由来のPHA合成酵素変異体をコードする遺伝子と、配列番号7及び配列番号8に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するバチルス属由来のPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子が導入され、染色体上のR体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ遺伝子の発現が強化され、bktB構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失し、さらにA1528構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失した株である。
まず、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドの作製を行った。作製は以下のように行った。合成オリゴDNAを用いたPCRにより、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株のA1528構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)より上流及び下流の塩基配列と、大腸菌のlacプロモーター改変体であるlacN17プロモーター、及び配列番号5に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子の塩基配列を有するDNA断片(配列番号27)を得た。このDNA断片を制限酵素SwaIで消化し、得られたDNA断片を、同じくSwaI消化した特開2007-259708号公報に記載のベクターpNS2X-sacBとDNAリガーゼ(Ligation High(東洋紡社製))にて連結し、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+A1528U-lacN17-CsAG-A1528Dを作製した。
なお、共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(6)は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株の染色体上のphaZ1遺伝子、phaZ2遺伝子、及びphaZ6遺伝子を欠失し、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するアエロモナス属由来のPHA合成酵素変異体をコードする遺伝子と、配列番号5に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するクロモバクテリウム属由来のPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子が導入され、染色体上のR体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ遺伝子の発現が強化され、bktB構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失し、さらにA1528構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失した株である。
KNK005dZ株(以下、P(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(1)と記すこともある。)は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株の染色体上にアエロモナス属由来のPHA合成酵素遺伝子(配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子)が導入され、染色体上のPHA分解酵素遺伝子であるphaZ1,2,6遺伝子が欠失した形質転換微生物である。この形質転換微生物は、PCT国際公開第2014/065253号に記載の方法に準じて作製することができる。
まず、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドの作製を行った。作製は以下のように行った。
合成オリゴDNAを用いたPCRにより、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株のphaZ6構造遺伝子より上流及び下流の塩基配列と、大腸菌のlacプロモーター改変体であるlacN17プロモーター、及び配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子の塩基配列を有するDNA断片(配列番号28)を得た。このDNA断片を制限酵素SwaIで消化し、得られたDNA断片を、同じくSwaI消化した特開2007-259708号公報に記載のベクターpNS2X-sacBとDNAリガーゼ(Ligation High(東洋紡社製))にて連結し、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+phaZ6U-lacN17-NSDG-phaZ6Dを作製した。
次に、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+phaZ6U-lacN17-NSDG-phaZ6Dを上記と同様の接合伝達を用いた方法によって、KNK005dZ/trc-J4b/dbktB株に導入した。
なお、KNK005dZ/trc-J4b/dbktB株は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株の染色体上のphaZ1遺伝子、phaZ2遺伝子、及びphaZ6遺伝子を欠失し、染色体上のPHA合成酵素遺伝子を、アエロモナス・キャビエ由来のPHA合成酵素遺伝子の改変体(配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子、即ちN149S/D171G変異体遺伝子)に置換し、染色体上のR体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ遺伝子の発現が強化され、bktB構造遺伝子を欠失した株であり、PCT国際公開第2019/142845号に記載の方法に準じて作製することができる。
さらに上記と同様の培養及び15%のシュークロースを含むNutrient Agar培地による選抜で、染色体上の元来phaZ6遺伝子が存在した位置にlacN17プロモーター、及び配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子が導入された菌株1株を単離した。得られた菌株をKNK005dZ/trc-J4b/Z6::lacN17-NSDG/dbktB株(以下、P(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(2)と記すこともある。)と命名した。
まず、PHA合成酵素遺伝子破壊用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+phaC1UDを上記と同様の接合伝達を用いた方法によって、KNK005dZ/trc-J4b/dbktB株に導入した。
さらに上記と同様の培養及び15%のシュークロースを含むNutrient Agar培地による選抜で、染色体上のPHA合成酵素遺伝子が欠失した菌株1株を単離した。得られた菌株をKNK005dZ/dNSDG/trc-J4b/dbktB株と命名した。
合成オリゴDNAを用いたPCRにより、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株のphaC1構造遺伝子より上流及び下流の塩基配列と、配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子の塩基配列を有するDNA断片(配列番号29)を得た。このDNA断片を制限酵素SwaIで消化し、得られたDNA断片を、同じくSwaI消化した特開2007-259708号公報に記載のベクターpNS2X-sacBとDNAリガーゼ(Ligation High(東洋紡社製))にて連結し、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+phaC1U-NSDGST-phaC1Dを作製した。
次に、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+phaC1U-NSDGST-phaC1Dを上記と同様の接合伝達を用いた方法によって、KNK005dZ/dNSDG/trc-J4b/dbktB株に導入した。
さらに上記と同様の培養及び15%のシュークロースを含むNutrient Agar培地による選抜で、染色体上の元来phaC1遺伝子が存在した位置に配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子が導入された菌株1株を単離した。得られた菌株をKNK005dZ/NSDGST/trc-J4b/dbktB株と命名した。
なお、P(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(3)は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株の染色体上のphaZ1遺伝子、phaZ2遺伝子、及びphaZ6遺伝子を欠失し、配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するアエロモナス属由来のPHA合成酵素変異体をコードする遺伝子が導入され、染色体上のR体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ遺伝子の発現が強化され、bktB構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失した株である。
まず、PHA合成酵素遺伝子導入用プラスミドベクターpNS2X-sacB+phaC1U-NSDGST-phaC1Dを上記と同様の接合伝達を用いた方法によって、KNK005dZ/dNSDG/trc-J4b/dbktB/dA1528株に導入した。
さらに上記と同様の培養及び15%のシュークロースを含むNutrient Agar培地による選抜で、染色体上の元来phaC1遺伝子が存在した位置に配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するPHA合成酵素をコードする遺伝子が導入された菌株1株を単離した。得られた菌株をKNK005dZ/NSDGST/trc-J4b/dbktB/dA1528株と命名した。
なお、P(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(4)は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールH16株の染色体上のphaZ1遺伝子、phaZ2遺伝子、及びphaZ6遺伝子を欠失し、配列番号3に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するアエロモナス属由来のPHA合成酵素変異体をコードする遺伝子が導入され、染色体上のR体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ遺伝子の発現が強化され、bktB構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失し、さらにA1528構造遺伝子(β-ケトチオラーゼ遺伝子)を欠失した株である。
下記の条件で共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(1)を用いた培養検討を行なった。
種母培地の組成は1w/v% Meat-extract、1w/v% Bacto-Tryptone、0.2w/v% Yeast-extract、0.9w/v% Na2HPO4・12H2O、0.15w/v% KH2PO4、(pH6.8)とした。
乾燥菌体に対するPHA蓄積量の割合は次のように測定した。遠心分離によって培養液から菌体を回収、エタノールで洗浄、凍結乾燥し、乾燥菌体を取得し、重量を測定した。得られた乾燥菌体1gに100mlのクロロホルムを加え、室温で一昼夜攪拌して、菌体内のPHA(共重合PHA混合物)を抽出した。菌体残渣をろ別後、エバポレーターで総容量が30mlになるまで濃縮後、90mlのヘキサンを徐々に加え、ゆっくり攪拌しながら、1時間放置した。析出したPHAをろ別後、50℃で3時間真空乾燥した。乾燥PHAの重量を測定し、乾燥菌体量に対してPHA蓄積量が占める割合を算出した。
共重合PHA混合物中におけるPHA画分(I)及び(II)の重量割合は次のように測定した。まず、乾燥PHAを、前記MIBK分画法によって、PHA画分(I)とPHA画分(II)に分画し、それぞれを秤量した。次に、PHA画分(I)及びPHA画分(II)の合計重量に対する各画分の重量割合を算出した。
共重合PHA混合物、PHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)それぞれの平均3HH組成比率は次のように測定した。乾燥させた共重合PHA混合物、PHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)約20mgに1mlの硫酸-メタノール混液(15:85)と1mlのクロロホルムを添加して密栓し、100℃で140分間加熱することでPHA分解物のメチルエステルを得た。冷却後、これに0.5mlの脱イオン水を加えてよく混合した後、水層と有機層が分離するまで放置した。その後、分取した有機層中のPHA分解物のモノマー単位組成をキャピラリーガスクロマトグラフィーにより分析した。ガスクロマトグラフは島津製作所GC-17A、キャピラリーカラムはGLサイエンス社製NEUTRA BOND-1(カラム長25m、カラム内径0.25mm、液膜厚0.4μm)を用いた。キャリアガスとしてHeを用い、カラム入口圧100kPaとし、サンプルは1μlを注入した。温度条件は、初発温度50~200℃まで8℃/分の速度で昇温し、さらに200~290℃まで30℃/分の速度で昇温した。上記条件での分析によって得られたピークから、共重合PHA混合物、PHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)の平均3HH組成比率を算出した。
示差走査熱量測定装置(PerkinElmer社製DSC8500)を用いて、共重合PHA混合物を約2mg計量し、10℃/分の昇温速度にて-30℃から200℃まで昇温した時に得られるDSC曲線において検出された、融解エンタルピーが0.5J/g以上である融解ピークの温度を求めた。
共重合PHA混合物を4.5g、添加剤としてペンタエリスリトール(三菱化学社製:ノイライザーP)0.045g、ベヘン酸アミド(日本精化社製:BNT-22H)0.0225g、エルカ酸アミド(日本精化社製:ニュートロン-S)0.0225gを小型混練機(DSM社製:DSM Xplore 5 モデル2005)へ投入し、バレル温度170℃、スクリュー回転数100rpmの条件で5分間混練した。混練終了後にダイより溶融状態のストランド状樹脂組成物を排出し、直ちに60℃に加温したウォーターバス中に投入し、結晶固化する時間を測定した。100秒以内に固化した場合、加工性が良好(○)と評価した。
その後、ウォーターバス中で結晶固化したストランドをニッパーで裁断し、樹脂組成物ペレットとした。
2mm厚のSUS板(30cm×35cm)の上に、片面離型処理したPETフィルム(厚み50μm)の離型面をSUS板に対して反対向けに設置し、前記PETフィルム上に樹脂組成物ペレットを1.3g置いた。さらに、前記樹脂組成物ペレットを囲うようにスペーサーとして70μmのシムプレートを設置した。その後、前記樹脂組成物ペレットを挟むように前記SUS板と同様の板を被せ、160℃に加熱したプレス機(株式会社神藤金属工業所製:圧縮成形機NSF-50)の加熱プレス板上に設置し、5分間予熱した。予熱後、2分間の時間をかけながら徐々に5MPaまで加圧した後、2分間圧力を保持した。プレス完了後、およそ20℃に冷却された冷却板上で室温まで冷却し、約50μm厚のフィルムを得た。このフィルムを室温23℃、湿度50%の環境中で1週間養生し、フィルムサンプルとした。
JIS P-8116に規定された標準エルメンドルフ引裂試験機に準拠する機能と構造を有する軽荷重引裂度試験機(熊谷理機工業株式会社製:NO.2037特殊仕様機)によって測定される値をフィルムの厚さで除し、フィルムサンプルのエルメンドルフ引裂強度とした。
PHA生産培養は次のように行った。まず、共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(1)のグリセロールストック(50μl)を種母培地(10ml)に接種して24時間培養し種母培養を行なった。次に種母培養液を、1.8Lの前培養培地を入れた3Lジャーファーメンター(丸菱バイオエンジ製MDL-300型)に1.0v/v%接種した。運転条件は、培養温度30℃、攪拌速度500rpm、通気量1.8L/minとし、pHは6.7~6.8の間でコントロールしながら28時間培養し、前培養を行なった。pHコントロールには14%水酸化アンモニウム水溶液を使用した。
実施例1と同様の条件で共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(2)を用いた培養検討を行なった。乾燥菌体に対するPHA蓄積量の割合、共重合PHA混合物、PHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)の平均3HH組成比率、PHA画分(I)及び(II)の重量割合、融解ピーク温度及び融解エンタルピー、加工性、エルメンドルフ引裂強度を表1に示す。
実施例1と同様の条件で共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(3)を用いた培養検討を行なった。乾燥菌体に対するPHA蓄積量の割合、共重合PHA混合物、PHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)の平均3HH組成比率、PHA画分(I)及び(II)の重量割合、融解ピーク温度及び融解エンタルピー、加工性、エルメンドルフ引裂強度を表1に示す。
実施例1と同様の条件で共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(4)を用いた培養検討を行なった。乾燥菌体に対するPHA蓄積量の割合、共重合PHA混合物、PHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)の平均3HH組成比率、PHA画分(I)及び(II)の重量割合、融解ピーク温度及び融解エンタルピー、加工性、エルメンドルフ引裂強度を表1に示す。
実施例1と同様の条件で共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(5)を用いた培養検討を行なった。乾燥菌体に対するPHA蓄積量の割合、共重合PHA混合物、PHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)の平均3HH組成比率、PHA画分(I)及び(II)の重量割合、融解ピーク温度及び融解エンタルピー、加工性、エルメンドルフ引裂強度を表1に示す。
実施例1と同様の条件で共重合PHA混合物生産微生物株(6)を用いた培養検討を行なった。乾燥菌体に対するPHA蓄積量の割合、共重合PHA混合物、PHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)の平均3HH組成比率、PHA画分(I)及び(II)の重量割合、融解ピーク温度及び融解エンタルピー、加工性、エルメンドルフ引裂強度を表1に示す。
実施例1と同様の条件でP(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(1)を用いた培養検討を行なった。乾燥菌体に対するPHA蓄積量の割合、P(3HB-co-3HH)、MIBK可溶性画分、又はMIBK不溶性画分の平均3HH組成比率、MIBK可溶性画分及びMIBK不溶性画分の重量割合、融解ピーク温度及び融解エンタルピー、加工性、エルメンドルフ引裂強度を表1に示す。なお、各分析には共重合PHA混合物に代えてP(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(1)の蓄積したPHAを用いた。P(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(1)の蓄積したPHAは、P(3HB-co-3HH)であった。MIBK可溶性画分、及びMIBK不溶性画分は、それぞれPHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)と同様の方法で得られた画分を指す。
実施例1と同様の条件でP(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(2)を用いた培養検討を行なった。乾燥菌体に対するPHA蓄積量の割合、P(3HB-co-3HH)、MIBK可溶性画分、又はMIBK不溶性画分の平均3HH組成比率、MIBK可溶性画分及びMIBK不溶性画分の重量割合、融解ピーク温度及び融解エンタルピー、加工性、エルメンドルフ引裂強度を表1に示す。なお、各分析には共重合PHA混合物に代えてP(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(2)の蓄積したPHAを用いた。P(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(2)の蓄積したPHAは、P(3HB-co-3HH)であった。MIBK可溶性画分、及びMIBK不溶性画分は、それぞれPHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)と同様の方法で得られた画分を指す。
実施例1と同様の条件でP(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(3)を用いた培養検討を行なった。乾燥菌体に対するPHA蓄積量の割合、P(3HB-co-3HH)、MIBK可溶性画分、又はMIBK不溶性画分の平均3HH組成比率、MIBK可溶性画分及びMIBK不溶性画分の重量割合、融解ピーク温度及び融解エンタルピー、加工性、エルメンドルフ引裂強度を表1に示す。なお、各分析には共重合PHA混合物に代えてP(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(3)の蓄積したPHAを用いた。P(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(3)の蓄積したPHAは、P(3HB-co-3HH)であった。MIBK可溶性画分、及びMIBK不溶性画分は、それぞれPHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)と同様の方法で得られた画分を指す。
実施例1と同様の条件でP(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(4)を用いた培養検討を行なった。乾燥菌体に対するPHA蓄積量の割合、P(3HB-co-3HH)、MIBK可溶性画分、又はMIBK不溶性画分の平均3HH組成比率、MIBK可溶性画分及びMIBK不溶性画分の重量割合、融解ピーク温度及び融解エンタルピー、加工性、エルメンドルフ引裂強度を表1に示す。なお、各分析には共重合PHA混合物に代えてP(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(4)の蓄積したPHAを用いた。P(3HB-co-3HH)生産微生物株(4)の蓄積したPHAは、P(3HB-co-3HH)であった。MIBK可溶性画分、及びMIBK不溶性画分は、それぞれPHA画分(I)、又はPHA画分(II)と同様の方法で得られた画分を指す。
Claims (25)
- 共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物を製造する方法であって、
前記共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物を産生する微生物を培養する工程を含み、
前記共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物が、
3-ヒドロキシ酪酸構造単位及び3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸構造単位を有する共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸を含み、かつ平均3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸組成比率が20モル%以上であるポリヒドロキシアルカン酸画分(I)、及び、
3-ヒドロキシ酪酸構造単位を有するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸を含み、かつ平均3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸組成比率が0モル%以上15モル%以下であるポリヒドロキシアルカン酸画分(II)を含有し、
前記共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物は、平均3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸組成比率が22モル%以下である、製造方法。 - 前記共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物中の前記ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸画分(I)の重量割合が10~90%である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物は、平均3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸組成比率が10~22モル%である、請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記微生物は、3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が互いに異なる2種類のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素をコードする遺伝子を有する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が互いに異なる2種類のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素のアミノ酸配列は、配列同一性が90%以下である、請求項4に記載の製造方法。
- 前記3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が互いに異なる2種類のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素をコードする遺伝子が、
配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列を有するアエロモナス・キャビエに由来する野生型ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素よりも3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が高いポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素をコードする遺伝子(A)、及び、
前記アエロモナス・キャビエに由来する野生型ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素よりも3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が低いポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素をコードする遺伝子(B)である、請求項4又は5に記載の製造方法。 - 前記遺伝子(A)が、アエロモナス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子又はその変異体である、請求項6に記載の製造方法。
- 前記遺伝子(A)が、配列番号2又は配列番号3で示されるアミノ酸配列に対して99.5~100%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列をコードする遺伝子である、請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- 前記遺伝子(B)が、アエロモナス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部と、カプリアビダス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子の一部を組み合わせて構成されたものである、請求項6~8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記遺伝子(B)が、配列番号6で示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90~100%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列をコードする遺伝子である、請求項9に記載の製造方法。
- 前記遺伝子(B)が、クロモバクテリウム属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子又はその変異体である、請求項6~8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記遺伝子(B)が、配列番号4又は配列番号5で示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90~100%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列をコードする遺伝子である、請求項11に記載の製造方法。
- 前記遺伝子(B)が、バチルス属の微生物に由来するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素遺伝子又はその変異体である、請求項6~8のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記遺伝子(B)が、配列番号7及び配列番号8で示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90~100%の配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列をコードする遺伝子である、請求項13に記載の製造方法。
- 前記微生物は、該微生物の野生株と比較して、細胞内のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素に対する3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAの供給が増大するように形質転換された形質転換微生物である、請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記形質転換微生物は、油脂又は脂肪酸のβ酸化における炭素数6の中間代謝物の分解が抑制されるように形質転換されたものである、請求項15に記載の製造方法。
- 前記形質転換微生物は、炭素数6のβ-ケトアシル-CoAであるβ-ケトヘキサノイル-CoAに対するチオリシス活性を有するβ-ケトチオラーゼ酵素をコードする遺伝子の発現が抑制されるように形質転換されたものである、請求項16に記載の製造方法。
- 前記β-ケトチオラーゼ酵素は、配列番号9又は配列番号10で示されるアミノ酸配列に対して90~100%の配列同一性を示すアミノ酸配列を有する、請求項17に記載の製造方法。
- 前記微生物は、R体特異的エノイル-CoAヒドラターゼ活性を示すタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を有する微生物である、請求項1~18のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記培養工程において、油脂又は脂肪酸を含む炭素源を添加する、請求項1~19のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記油脂又は脂肪酸を含む炭素源が、炭素数6~12の中鎖脂肪酸、又は該中鎖脂肪酸のグリセリドを含む炭素源である、請求項20に記載の製造方法。
- 前記中鎖脂肪酸が、ヘキサン酸である、請求項21に記載の製造方法。
- 前記微生物は、カプリアビダス属に属する、またはカプリアビダス属微生物の形質転換体である、請求項1~22のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記微生物は、カプリアビダス・ネカトールである、またはカプリアビダス・ネカトールの形質転換体である、請求項23に記載の製造方法。
- 共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物を産生する形質転換微生物であって、
3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAに対する重合活性が互いに異なる2種類のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素をコードする遺伝子を有し、
前記形質転換微生物の野生株と比較して、細胞内のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸合成酵素に対する3-ヒドロキシヘキサノイル-CoAの供給が増大するように形質転換されており、
前記共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物が、
3-ヒドロキシ酪酸構造単位及び3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸構造単位を有する共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸を含み、かつ平均3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸組成比率が20モル%以上であるポリヒドロキシアルカン酸画分(I)、及び、
3-ヒドロキシ酪酸構造単位を有するポリヒドロキシアルカン酸を含み、かつ平均3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸組成比率が0モル%以上15モル%以下であるポリヒドロキシアルカン酸画分(II)を含有し、
前記共重合ポリヒドロキシアルカン酸混合物は、平均3-ヒドロキシヘキサン酸組成比率が22モル%以下である、形質転換微生物。
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| WO2024005146A1 (ja) | 2022-06-30 | 2024-01-04 | 株式会社カネカ | メルトブローン不織布、積層体、マスク用フィルター、及び、マスク |
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| WO2024166830A1 (ja) * | 2023-02-06 | 2024-08-15 | 株式会社カネカ | 形質転換微生物、及びポリヒドロキシアルカン酸の製造方法 |
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