WO2021235024A1 - 組成物およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
組成物およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021235024A1 WO2021235024A1 PCT/JP2021/005142 JP2021005142W WO2021235024A1 WO 2021235024 A1 WO2021235024 A1 WO 2021235024A1 JP 2021005142 W JP2021005142 W JP 2021005142W WO 2021235024 A1 WO2021235024 A1 WO 2021235024A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
- C01B33/40—Clays
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
- C09K11/08—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/65—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials containing carbon
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
- C09K11/08—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/70—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing inorganic luminescent materials containing phosphorus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/90—Other properties not specified above
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition containing boron-containing carbon quantum dots containing a boron atom as a heteroatom and in a solid state at room temperature, and a method for producing the same.
- Carbon quantum dots are stable carbon-based fine particles with a particle size of several nm to several tens of nm. Since carbon quantum dots show good fluorescence characteristics, they are expected to be used as photonics materials for solar cells, displays, security inks, and the like. In addition, since it has low toxicity and high biocompatibility, it is expected to be applied to the medical field such as bioimaging.
- Patent Document 1 describes a glucose sensor using boron-containing carbon quantum dots
- Patent Document 2 describes an imaging reagent
- Patent Document 3 discloses a hydrogen generation photocatalyst using boron-containing carbon quantum dots.
- An object of the present application is to provide a composition containing boron-containing carbon quantum dots, which is solid at room temperature, has good luminous efficiency, and has high thermal stability at high temperatures.
- compositions comprising boron-containing carbon quantum dots containing boron as a heteroatom and layered clay minerals, which are solid at 25 ° C. and 1 atm.
- the present invention provides a method for producing the following composition.
- a composition comprising a step of preparing a mixture of an organic compound having a reactive group, a boron compound, and a layered clay mineral, and a boron-containing carbon quantum dot containing boron as a heteroatom by heating the mixture, and a layered clay mineral. And a method for producing a composition.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing the following composition.
- a method for producing a composition which comprises a step of mixing the mixture.
- composition of the present invention contains boron-containing carbon quantum dots, is solid at room temperature, has good luminous efficiency, and has high thermal stability at high temperatures. Therefore, it can be used for various purposes.
- the composition of the present invention contains boron-containing carbon quantum dots containing a boron atom as a heteroatom, and a layered clay mineral.
- the composition is solid at 25 ° C. and 1 atm.
- a boron-containing carbon quantum dot is a quantum dot having a particle size of 1 to 100 nm and mainly containing carbon, and a part of the carbon chain or carbon ring of the quantum dot is replaced with boron. It means something.
- the presence or absence of the boron can be confirmed by, for example, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy or X-ray electron spectroscopy.
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dots have a problem that aggregation easily occurs when they are made into a solid, and the quantum yield is low when they are made into a solid. Further, there is a problem that the heat resistance is not sufficient and deterioration and decomposition are likely to occur at high temperatures, so that the light emission characteristics are likely to be deteriorated.
- composition of the present invention contains layered clay minerals as well as solid boron-containing carbon quantum dots. Therefore, boron-containing carbon quantum dots are less likely to aggregate and exhibit high heat resistance. The reason is not clear, but it is presumed as follows.
- Layered clay minerals have ions between layers and show polarity.
- boron-containing carbon quantum dots into which a boron atom is introduced as a hetero atom also exhibit polarity due to boron.
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dots were supported on the layered clay mineral, that is, the boron-containing carbon quantum dots were finely dispersed in the layered clay mineral. It becomes a state. Therefore, it is considered that the solid-state emission quantum yield (solid fluorescence quantum yield) increases.
- the interaction between the boron-containing carbon quantum dots and the layered clay mineral suppresses the movement of molecules in the boron-containing carbon quantum dots to some extent. Furthermore, since the boron-containing carbon quantum dots are finely dispersed, the reaction between the plurality of boron-containing carbon quantum dots is suppressed. Therefore, it is considered that even if heat is applied to the composition, the boron-containing carbon quantum dots do not easily decompose and react, and the heat resistance becomes very high.
- the composition of the present invention may contain boron-containing carbon quantum dots and layered clay minerals, but is a surfactant for enhancing dispersibility as long as the object and effect of the present invention are not impaired. It may further contain a light emitter or the like other than the boron-containing carbon quantum dots.
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dots contained in the composition of the present invention contain a boron atom as a heteroatom.
- the amount of boron atoms contained in the boron-containing carbon quantum dots is preferably 0.1 to 60% by mass, more preferably 1 to 50% by mass, based on the amount of all the atoms of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots.
- the amount of the boron atom is in the range, the boron-containing carbon quantum dots tend to have polarity, and the affinity with the layered clay mineral is enhanced. As a result, the quantum yield of the composition tends to increase.
- the amount of boron atom can be confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- the amount of the boron atom can be adjusted by the ratio of the amount of the boron compound used when producing the boron-containing carbon quantum dots to the amount of the organic compound containing carbon and the like.
- the method for preparing the boron-containing carbon quantum dots will be described in detail later.
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dots may further contain an atom other than the boron atom as a heteroatom.
- heteroatoms contained in boron-containing carbon quantum dots include nitrogen atoms, phosphorus atoms, sulfur atoms, silicon atoms, and fluorine atoms.
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dots may contain only one kind of these, or may contain two or more kinds of them.
- Heteroatoms other than boron atoms can be introduced by heating a compound containing these elements together with a boron compound or an organic compound containing carbon when preparing a boron-containing carbon quantum dot. Further, as the organic compound or the boron compound, a compound containing these elements may be used.
- the amount of heteroatoms other than boron atoms in the boron-containing carbon quantum dots is preferably 1 to 100 mol%, more preferably 20 to 70 mol% with respect to the amount of boron atoms in the boron-containing carbon quantum dots.
- the emission wavelength of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots can be adjusted to a desired range.
- the amount of heteroatoms other than the boron atom can be confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- the amount of heteroatoms other than the boron atom can be adjusted by the amount of the compound used in producing the boron-containing carbon quantum dots.
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dot preferably has a surface functional group, and the surface functional group is at least one selected from the group consisting of boronic acid, boric acid, boric acid ester, boronic acid ester, and boric acid ester.
- the structure is preferably derived from a compound.
- the structure of the surface functional group can be confirmed by, for example, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dots When the boron-containing carbon quantum dots have these surface functional groups, the dispersibility in the boron-containing carbon quantum dots and the solvent of the composition becomes good, and it becomes easy to use in various applications.
- the type of surface functional group contained in the boron-containing carbon quantum dots can be specified by, for example, an IR spectrum or the like.
- the functional groups of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots are derived from the structure of the boron-containing compound and the structure of the carbon-containing organic compound used when preparing the boron-containing carbon quantum dots, and these are appropriately selected. By doing so, the surface functional group can be selected.
- the emission wavelength of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots is not particularly limited, but the maximum emission wavelength is preferably 350 to 650 nm, more preferably 440 to 600 nm.
- the composition of the present invention can be easily used for various purposes.
- the emission wavelength and structure of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots are determined according to the raw material of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots, the size of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots, the type of the layered clay mineral, the average layer spacing of the layered clay minerals, and the like.
- the height in the cross-sectional view when the boron-containing carbon quantum dots are observed with an atomic force microscope (AFM) is preferably 1 to 100 nm, more preferably 1 to 80 nm.
- AFM atomic force microscope
- the amount of boron-containing carbon quantum dots in the composition is preferably 1 to 80% by mass, more preferably 10 to 75% by mass.
- the amount of boron-containing carbon quantum dots in the composition is in the above range, sufficient light emission can be obtained from the composition. Further, when the amount of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots is in the above range, the boron-containing carbon quantum dots are less likely to aggregate in the composition, and the stability of the composition is enhanced.
- a layered clay mineral is a laminate of crystal layers in which silicon, aluminum, oxygen, etc. are arranged in a predetermined structure. Generally, water, metal ions, potassium, magnesium, water, and organic substances are formed between the crystal layers. Etc. are taken in.
- the layered clay mineral may be anion-exchangeable or cation-exchangeable.
- layered clay minerals include smectite, layered double hydroxides, kaolinite, mica and the like.
- smectite or layered double hydroxide is preferable because it has an average layer spacing suitable for supporting boron-containing carbon quantum dots.
- Smectite is a clay mineral that swells with water and the like, and examples thereof include saponite, montmorillonite, hectorite, byderite, nontronite, saponite, and stephensite.
- the layered double hydroxide is a double hydroxide in which a trivalent metal ion is solidly dissolved in a divalent metal oxide, and examples thereof include hydrotalcite, hydrocarmite, hydromagnetite, and pyro. Includes aurite and the like.
- the layered clay mineral may be a natural product or an artificial product. Further, the hydroxy group contained in the crystal layer may be substituted with fluorine. Further, the interlayer ion may be substituted with an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, an aluminum ion, an iron ion, an ammonium ion or the like. Further, the layered clay mineral may be modified with various organic substances, and may be, for example, smectite chemically modified with a quaternary ammonium salt compound or a quaternary pyridinium salt compound.
- the amount of the layered clay mineral in the composition is preferably 20 to 99% by mass, more preferably 25 to 90% by mass.
- the amount of boron-containing carbon quantum dots is relatively large enough, and a sufficient amount of light emission can be obtained. Further, when the amount of the layered clay mineral is in the above range, the boron-containing carbon quantum dots can be sufficiently supported by the layered clay minerals, and the dispersibility of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots tends to be good.
- (1) First Preparation Method In the first preparation method, a step of preparing a mixture of a reactive organic compound, a boron compound, and a layered clay mineral (mixture preparation step) and a step of heating the mixture are described above. Includes a step of obtaining a composition (baking step).
- boron-containing carbon quantum dots are generated in the presence of layered clay minerals. Therefore, there is an advantage that the size of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots can be easily adjusted by using the layers of the layered clay mineral as a template, and the solid fluorescence quantum yield of the obtained composition can be easily increased.
- each step will be described.
- a reactive organic compound In the mixture preparation step, a reactive organic compound, a boron compound, and a layered clay mineral are mixed.
- the organic compound is not particularly limited as long as it has a reactive group and can generate carbon quantum dots by carbonization.
- the "reactive group” is a group for causing a polycondensation reaction between organic compounds in the firing step described later, and is a group contributing to the formation of the main skeleton of boron-containing carbon quantum dots. Is.
- a part of these reactive groups may remain in the boron-containing carbon quantum dots.
- Examples of reactive groups include carboxy groups, hydroxy groups, epoxy groups, amide groups, sulfo groups, amino groups and the like.
- the organic compound may contain a component (for example, a phosphorus atom, a sulfur atom, a silicon atom, a fluorine atom, etc.) that becomes a hetero atom other than the boron atom in the boron-containing carbon quantum dot.
- a component for example, a phosphorus atom, a sulfur atom, a silicon atom, a fluorine atom, etc.
- two or more kinds of organic compounds may be mixed with the layered clay mineral. In this case, it is preferable that the plurality of organic compounds have a group that easily reacts with each other.
- Examples of the above-mentioned organic compounds having a reactive group include carboxylic acids, alcohols, phenols, amine compounds, and saccharides.
- the organic compound may be in a solid state or a liquid state at room temperature.
- the carboxylic acid may be a compound having one or more carboxy groups in the molecule (excluding those corresponding to phenols, amine compounds, or sugars).
- carboxylic acids include monocarboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, ⁇ -lipoic acid; oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, polyacrylic acid, ( Ethylenedithio) Includes divalent or higher polyvalent carboxylic acids such as diacetic acid, thioannic acid and tetrafluoroterephthalic acid; hydroxy acids such as citric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid and 5-sulfosalicylic acid;
- the alcohol may be a compound having one or more hydroxy groups (excluding those corresponding to carboxylic acids, phenols, amine compounds, or sugars).
- examples of alcohols include polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, glycerol, erythritol, pentaerythritol, ascorbic acid and polyethylene glycol.
- Phenols may be compounds having a structure in which a hydroxy group is bonded to a benzene ring.
- examples of phenols include phenol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, phloroglucinol, pyrogallol, 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene, gallic acid, tannin, lignin, catechin, anthocyanin, rutin, chlorogenic acid, lignan, curcumin. Etc. are included.
- amine compounds include 1,2-phenylenediamine, 1,3-phenylenediamine, 1,4-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diaminopyridine, urea, thiourea, ammonium thiocyanate, ethanolamine, 1-amino. -2-propanol, melamine, cyanulic acid, barbituric acid, folic acid, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, polyethyleneimine, dicyandiamide, guanidine, aminoguanidine, formamide, glutamate, aspartic acid, cysteine, arginine, histidine, lysine, glutathione.
- RNA DNA
- systemamine methionine, homocysteine, taurine, thiamine, N- [3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl] ethylenediamine, 4,5-difluoro-1,2-phenylenediamine and the like.
- saccharides include glucose, sucrose, glucosamine, cellulose, chitin, chitosan and the like.
- organic compounds in which the condensation reaction proceeds efficiently are preferable, and examples of preferable compounds include carboxylic acids, phenols, amine compounds, or combinations of carboxylic acids and amine compounds.
- examples of boron compounds containing boron include boron, boric acid, sodium tetraborate, boron oxide, trimethylborate, triethyl borate, trioctadecyl borate, triphenyl borate, 2-ethoxy-4,4.
- boric acid sodium tetraborate, trimethyl borate, triethanolamine borate, 3-aminophenylboronic acid, phenylboronic acid, 3-cyanophenylboronic acid, 3-hydroxyphenylboronic acid, 4-mercapto Phenylboronic acid, 1,4-phenylenediboronic acid, 4-pyridylboronic acid, diboronic acid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, boron trifluoride, or boron tribromide is preferred.
- the mixing ratio of the organic compound and the boron compound is appropriately selected according to the desired boron content in the boron-containing carbon quantum dots.
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dot may contain a heteroatom other than the boron atom, and in this step, an atom other than the boron atom (for example, a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom, a sulfur atom, a silicon atom, or fluorine) may be contained.
- a compound containing an atom or the like (hereinafter, also referred to as “other compound”) may be mixed with an organic compound or a boron compound.
- Examples of compounds containing nitrogen include imidazole, 1,2,4-triazole, 1,3,5-triazine, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, in addition to the above amine compounds. Is included.
- Examples of phosphorus-containing compounds include phosphorus alone, phosphoric acid, phosphorus oxide, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, phytic acid, ammonium phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, O.
- -Phosphorylethanolamine phosphorus chloride, phosphorus bromide, triethylphosphonoacetate, tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride, methyl phosphate, triethyl phosphite, O-phosphoserine, nitrilotris (methylenephosphonic acid), N, N, N Includes', N'-ethylenediaminetetrakis (methylenephosphonic acid), adenosine 5'-triphosphate, 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, guanidine phosphate, guanylurea phosphate.
- Examples of compounds containing sulfur include sulfur, sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfide, sodium sulfate, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ligninsulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, sulfanic acid, sodium hydroxide, and the like.
- Examples of compounds containing silicon include tetrachlorosilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 1- (trimethylsilyl) imidazole, tetraethoxysilane, and examples of compounds containing fluorine include 2,2,3. Includes 3,4,4-hexafluoro-1,5-pentanediol diglycidyl ether, 2- (perfluorohexyl) ethanol, sodium fluoride.
- the mixing ratio of the above organic compound, boron compound, and other compounds is appropriately selected according to the desired boron content in the boron-containing carbon quantum dots and the amount of heteroatoms other than the boron atom.
- the layered clay mineral to be combined with the above-mentioned organic compound, boron compound and other compounds is the same as the above-mentioned layered clay mineral (layered clay mineral contained in the composition).
- the layered clay mineral should be selected according to the type of reactive group of the organic compound, the type of boron compound, the emission wavelength of the desired boron-containing carbon quantum dots, that is, the particle size of the desired boron-containing carbon quantum dots, and the like. Is preferable.
- anion-exchangeable layered clay minerals may be selected, or cation-exchangeable layered clay minerals may be selected.
- the average layer spacing of the layered clay mineral to be combined with the organic compound or the boron compound is appropriately selected according to the molecular structure of the organic compound, the molecular structure of the boron compound, the particle size of the desired boron-containing carbon quantum dots, and the like. It is preferably 0.1 to 10 nm, more preferably 0.1 to 8 nm.
- the average layer spacing of layered clay minerals can be analyzed by an X-ray diffractometer or the like.
- the average layer spacing of the layered clay mineral means the spacing between the bottom surface of one of the adjacent crystal layers of the layered clay mineral and the top surface of the other.
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dots are synthesized using the layers of the layered clay mineral as a template. Therefore, when the average layer spacing of the layered clay mineral is 10 nm or less, it becomes easy to obtain boron-containing carbon quantum dots having an emission wavelength in a desired range. On the other hand, when the average layer spacing is 0.1 nm or more, a part of the organic compound easily enters between them, and carbon quantum dots are easily formed using the layers of the layered clay mineral as a template.
- the layered clay mineral may be swollen with water or various solvents.
- the organic solvent include methanol, ethanol, hexane, toluene, chloroform, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and the like.
- the amount of the solvent in the mixture is preferably 10 to 80% by mass, more preferably 10 to 70% by mass.
- an acid-treated clay mineral in which the layered clay mineral is brought into contact with an acid such as hydrochloric acid and the sodium ion between the layers is replaced with a proton.
- the method of mixing the organic compound, the boron compound, the layered clay mineral, and other compounds as needed is not particularly limited as long as they can be mixed uniformly.
- mix while grinding in a dairy pot, mix while crushing with a ball mill, etc. dissolve in water or an organic solvent, mix or disperse and mix, or if the organic compound or boron compound itself is a liquid, these Other components may be dissolved, mixed or dispersed in the mixture.
- the liquid mixture may be dried or may be used as it is in the next step. From the viewpoint of suppressing side reactions, the mixture is preferably in the form of a solid.
- the organic compound, the boron compound and the layered clay mineral are all mixed in a solid state, a part of the organic compound and the boron compound penetrates between the layers of the layered clay mineral, so that an appropriate amount is subjected to the reaction. More preferred. Since the layers of the layered clay mineral are narrow, it becomes difficult to form an aggregate of organic compounds, and it becomes easy to prepare carbon quantum dots having a uniform particle size.
- the mixing ratio of the organic compound, the boron compound, and other compounds with the layered clay mineral is appropriately selected according to the content ratio of the desired boron-containing carbon quantum dots and the layered clay mineral.
- the calcining step is a step of heating the above-mentioned mixture and calcining an organic compound or a boron compound together with a layered clay mineral to obtain a composition containing a boron-containing carbon quantum dot and a layered clay mineral.
- the method for heating the mixture is not particularly limited as long as it is possible to prepare boron-containing carbon quantum dots by reacting an organic compound or a boron compound, and includes, for example, a method of heating, a method of irradiating microwaves, and the like.
- the heating temperature is preferably 70 to 700 ° C, more preferably 100 to 500 ° C, still more preferably 100 to 300 ° C.
- the heating time is preferably 0.01 to 45 hours, more preferably 0.1 to 30 hours, and even more preferably 0.5 to 10 hours.
- the particle size of the obtained boron-containing carbon quantum dots, and thus the emission wavelength can be adjusted by the heating time. At this time, heating may be performed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere while the inert gas such as nitrogen is circulated.
- the wattage is preferably 1 to 1500 W, more preferably 1 to 1000 W.
- the heating time by microwave is preferably 0.01 to 10 hours, more preferably 0.01 to 5 hours, and even more preferably 0.01 to 1 hour.
- the particle size of the obtained boron-containing carbon quantum dots, and thus the emission wavelength, can be adjusted by the irradiation time of the microwave.
- the firing step a composition in which boron-containing carbon quantum dots and layered clay minerals are uniformly dispersed can be obtained.
- the composition may be washed with an organic solvent to remove unreacted substances and by-products and purified.
- the second method of the method for preparing the above-mentioned composition is a step of preparing a mixture of an organic compound having a reactive group and a boron compound (mixture preparation step), and a step of heating the mixture. It includes a step of obtaining boron-containing carbon quantum dots containing boron as a heteroatom (firing step) and a step of mixing boron-containing carbon quantum dots and layered clay minerals (composition preparation step).
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dots are mixed with a layered clay mineral.
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dots can be finely dispersed in the composition by sufficiently mixing the boron-containing carbon quantum dots and the layered clay mineral.
- each step will be described.
- an organic compound having a reactive group and a boron compound containing boron are mixed to prepare a mixture.
- other compounds described above may be mixed.
- the organic compound, the boron compound, and other compounds are the same as those used in the above-mentioned first method.
- the method for mixing the organic compound, the boron compound and other compounds is not particularly limited as long as they can be mixed uniformly. For example, mix while grinding in a dairy pot, mix while crushing with a ball mill, etc., dissolve in water or an organic solvent, mix or disperse and mix, or if the organic compound or boron compound itself is a liquid, these Other components may be dissolved, mixed or dispersed in the mixture.
- the liquid mixture may be dried or may be used as it is in the next step. From the viewpoint of suppressing side reactions, the mixture is preferably in the form of a solid.
- the mixing ratio with the organic compound, the boron compound, and other compounds is appropriately selected according to the amount of boron in the boron-containing carbon quantum dots and the amount of heteroatoms other than the boron atom.
- the calcining step is a step of heating the mixture prepared in the above-mentioned mixture preparation step and reacting it with an organic compound or a boron compound to form boron-containing carbon quantum dots.
- the method for heating the mixture is not particularly limited as long as it is possible to prepare boron-containing carbon quantum dots by reacting an organic compound or a boron compound, and includes, for example, a method of heating, a method of irradiating microwaves, and the like.
- the heating method and the microwave irradiation method are the same as those in the firing step of the first preparation method.
- (2-3) Composition Preparation Step The boron-containing carbon quantum dots obtained in the above firing step are mixed with the layered clay mineral. As a result, a carbon quantum dot-containing composition in which the boron-containing carbon quantum dots and the layered clay mineral are uniformly dispersed can be obtained.
- the boron-containing carbon quantum dots and the layered clay mineral may be mixed while being mashed in a mortar, crushed by a ball mill or the like, or dispersed in water or an organic solvent and mixed. Water and organic solvent are removed by drying after mixing.
- the composition may be washed with an organic solvent to remove unreacted substances and by-products and purified.
- composition containing the above-mentioned boron-containing carbon quantum dots and layered clay minerals has good luminescence and is useful as a separating agent for separating a specific substance by utilizing the functional group of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots. do. Therefore, the composition can be used for various purposes.
- composition is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a solar cell, a display, a security ink, a quantum dot laser, a biomarker, a lighting material, a thermoelectric material, a photocatalyst, or a specific substance according to the performance of carbon quantum dots.
- a solar cell a display
- a security ink a quantum dot laser
- biomarker a biomarker
- lighting material e.g., a thermoelectric material
- photocatalyst e.g., a photocatalyst, or a specific substance according to the performance of carbon quantum dots.
- composition is solid at 25 ° C. and 1 atm, it may be used for various purposes in the state of a solution in which it is dispersed in a solvent or the like.
- Example 1 (1) Preparation of composition 1.0 g of saponite (Smecton SA, manufactured by Kunimine Kogyo Co., Ltd.), 0.15 g of phloroglucinol dihydrate, and 0.057 g of boric acid were ground in a mortar. The mixture was placed in a screw cap test tube having an internal volume of 15 ml and sealed with a screw cap with rubber packing. Then, while nitrogen was circulated in the screw cap test tube, it was heated at 200 ° C. for 3 hours to prepare a composition (complex) containing a boron-containing carbon quantum dot and a layered clay mineral.
- the composition obtained above was sandwiched between KBr plates and pressed to prepare a sample for measurement.
- the emission wavelength (maximum emission wavelength) and fluorescence quantum yield in the solid state of the measurement sample were evaluated using a spectroscopic fluorometer FP-8500 (manufactured by Nippon Spectroscopy Co., Ltd.) attached to the integrating sphere unit ILF-835.
- the excitation light was light having a wavelength that maximized the fluorescence quantum yield of the composition.
- thermogravimetric analyzer TGA2 manufactured by Mettler. The measurement was performed at a temperature rise rate of 10 ° C./min under an air flow of 40 ml / min, and the temperature at which the weight was reduced by 5% from the start of the measurement was defined as the 5% weight loss temperature.
- Example 2 0.5 g of hydrotalcite (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 0.15 g of citric acid, 0.1 g of dicyandiamide, and 0.048 g of boric acid were ground in a mortar. The mixture was placed in a screw cap test tube having an internal volume of 15 ml and sealed with a screw cap with rubber packing. Then, while nitrogen was circulated in the screw cap test tube, the mixture was heated at 170 ° C. for 1.5 hours to prepare a composition (complex) containing boron-containing carbon quantum dots and layered clay minerals. Similar to Example 1, the emission characteristics and thermal stability of the prepared composition were evaluated.
- Example 3 0.5 g of saponite, 0.15 g of citric acid, 0.1 g of dicyandiamide, and 0.039 g of sodium tetraborate were ground in a mortar. The mixture was placed in a screw cap test tube having an internal volume of 15 ml and sealed with a screw cap with rubber packing. Then, while nitrogen was circulated in the screw cap test tube, the mixture was heated at 170 ° C. for 1.5 hours to prepare a composition (complex) containing boron-containing carbon quantum dots and layered clay minerals. Similar to Example 1, the emission characteristics and thermal stability of the prepared composition were evaluated.
- Elemental analysis of the composition was performed using a fluorescent X-ray analyzer ZSX Primus IV (manufactured by Rigaku). The peak intensity derived from silicon of 0.1 g of the composition was compared with the peak intensity derived from silicon of 0.1 g of saponite used as a raw material, and the content of the layered clay mineral in the composition was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 4 0.15 g of citric acid and 0.048 g of boric acid were ground in a mortar. The mixture was placed in a flask having an internal volume of 50 ml equipped with a three-way cock and heated at 170 ° C. for 90 minutes under a nitrogen stream to synthesize carbon quantum dots. 0.01 g of the synthesized carbon quantum dots were measured and ground with 0.09 g of saponite in a mortar to mix the two to obtain a composition. Similar to Example 1, the emission characteristics and thermal stability of the prepared composition were evaluated. Furthermore, the content of the layered clay mineral in the composition was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 3. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 5 0.5 g of saponite, 0.15 g of L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate, and 0.055 g of boric acid were ground in a mortar. The mixture was placed in a screw cap test tube having an internal volume of 15 ml and sealed with a screw cap with rubber packing. Then, while nitrogen was circulated in the screw cap test tube, the mixture was heated at 170 ° C. for 1.5 hours to prepare a carbon quantum dot-containing composition (complex) containing boron-containing carbon quantum dots and layered clay minerals. .. Similar to Example 1, the emission characteristics of the prepared composition were evaluated.
- Example 6 0.1 g of saponite, 0.015 g of phloroglucinol dihydrate, 0.0057 g of boric acid, and 0.004 g of phosphorus oxide (V) were ground in a mortar. The mixture was placed in a screw cap test tube having an internal volume of 15 ml and sealed with a screw cap with rubber packing. Then, while nitrogen was circulated in the screw cap test tube, the mixture was heated at 200 ° C. for 3 hours to prepare a carbon quantum dot-containing composition (complex) containing a boron-containing carbon quantum dot and a layered clay mineral. Similar to Example 1, the emission characteristics of the prepared composition were evaluated.
- Example 7 0.1 g of saponite, 0.04 g of phloroglucinol dihydrate, and 0.015 g of boric acid were ground in a mortar. The mixture was placed in a screw cap test tube having an internal volume of 15 ml and sealed with a screw cap with rubber packing. Then, while nitrogen was circulated in the screw cap test tube, the mixture was heated at 200 ° C. for 3 hours to prepare a carbon quantum dot-containing composition (complex) containing a boron-containing carbon quantum dot and a layered clay mineral. Similar to Example 1, the emission characteristics of the prepared composition were evaluated. Moreover, the content of the layered clay mineral in the composition was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 3. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the above composition and potassium bromide were ground in a mortar and mixed, and this mixture was pressure molded to prepare potassium bromide tablets.
- the infrared absorption spectrum of the potassium bromide tablet was measured using a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer FT / IR-4100 (manufactured by Nippon Spectroscopy Co., Ltd.). The results are shown in FIG.
- the horizontal axis of the infrared absorption spectrum is the wave number, and the vertical axis is the transmittance.
- the solid fluorescent quantum is irrespective of the mixing method of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots and the layered clay mineral.
- the yield was high.
- Comparative Example 1 consisting of only boron-containing carbon quantum dots and Comparative Example 3 containing carbon quantum dots (without boron) and layered clay minerals
- boron-containing carbon quantum dots have a higher solid fluorescence quantum yield. The rate is low, and the heat resistance is also very low.
- Example 1 in which the boron-containing carbon quantum dots are mixed with saponite, the heat resistance is very high and the solid fluorescence quantum yield is also high. It can be said that the stability of the boron-containing carbon quantum dots was improved and the heat resistance was also improved by mixing with the layered clay mineral.
- the amount of the layered clay mineral was 20 to 99% by mass with respect to the amount of the composition, and the solid emission quantum yield was high in all of them. rice field.
- composition The acid-treated saponite, citric acid (not used in Example 14), dicyandiamide, and boric acid prepared as described above are weighed and mixed at the mass ratios shown in Table 3 and ground in a mortar. rice field. The mixture was placed in a screw cap test tube having an internal volume of 15 ml and sealed with a screw cap with rubber packing. Then, while nitrogen was circulated in the screw cap test tube, the mixture was heated at the temperature and time shown in Table 3 to prepare a composition (complex) containing boron-containing carbon quantum dots and layered clay minerals. Similar to Example 1, the emission characteristics of the prepared composition were evaluated.
- the solid emission quantum yield tends to improve as the amount of boric acid charged increases, and the acid-treated saponite (Examples 10 to 14) is more untreated saponite (implemented). There was a tendency for the solid-state emission quantum yield to be higher than in Examples 8 and 9).
- the composition of the present invention has good luminous efficiency of boron-containing carbon quantum dots, and further has high thermal stability at high temperatures. Therefore, the composition can be used for various purposes.
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Abstract
Description
ホウ素をヘテロ原子として含むホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含み、25℃、1気圧において固体である、組成物。
反応性基を有する有機化合物、ホウ素化合物、および層状粘土鉱物の混合物を調製する工程と、前記混合物を加熱し、ホウ素をヘテロ原子として含むホウ素含有炭素量子ドット、および層状粘土鉱物、を含む組成物を得る工程と、を有する、組成物の製造方法。
反応性基を有する有機化合物およびホウ素化合物の混合物を調製する工程と、前記混合物を加熱し、ホウ素をヘテロ原子として含むホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを得る工程と、前記ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットおよび層状粘土鉱物を混合する工程と、を有する、組成物の製造方法。
上述のように、本発明の組成物が含むホウ素含有炭素量子ドットは、ヘテロ原子としてホウ素原子を含む。ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットが含むホウ素原子の量は、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットの全ての原子の量に対して0.1~60質量%が好ましく、1~50質量%がより好ましい。ホウ素原子の量が当該範囲であると、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットが極性を有しやすくなり、層状粘土鉱物との親和性が高まる。ひいては、組成物の量子収率が高まりやすくなる。ホウ素原子の量は、X線光電子分光法によって確認できる。ホウ素原子の量は、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを作製する際に使用するホウ素化合物の量と、炭素を含む有機化合物の量との比等によって調整できる。ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットの調製方法については、後で詳しく説明する。
層状粘土鉱物は、ケイ素、アルミニウム、酸素等が所定の構造で配列した結晶層の積層体であり、一般的に、結晶層どうしの間には、水や金属イオン、カリウムやマグネシウム、水、有機物等が取り込まれている。層状粘土鉱物は、アニオン交換性であってもよく、カチオン交換性であってもよい。
上記ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含む組成物の調製方法の例には、以下の2つの方法が含まれる。ただし、上記組成物の調製方法は、当該方法に限定されない。
第1の調製方法は、反応性を有する有機化合物、ホウ素化合物、および層状粘土鉱物の混合物を調製する工程(混合物調製工程)と、当該混合物を加熱し、上述の組成物を得る工程(焼成工程)と、を含む。当該方法では、層状粘土鉱物の存在下でホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを生成する。そのため、層状粘土鉱物の層間をテンプレートとして、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットの大きさを調整しやすく、得られる組成物の固体蛍光量子収率が高まりやすい、という利点がある。以下、各工程について説明する。
混合物調製工程では、反応性を有する有機化合物と、ホウ素化合物と、層状粘土鉱物とを混合する。有機化合物は、反応性基を有し、炭化によって炭素量子ドットを生成可能な化合物であれば特に制限されない。本明細書において、「反応性基」とは、後述の焼成工程において、有機化合物どうしの重縮合反応等を生じさせるための基であり、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットの主骨格の形成に寄与する基である。なお、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットには、これらの反応性基の一部が残存してもよい。反応性基の例には、カルボキシ基、ヒドロキシ基、エポキシ基、アミド基、スルホ基、およびアミノ基等が含まれる。当該有機化合物は、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットにおいて、ホウ素原子以外のヘテロ原子となる成分(例えば、リン原子や硫黄原子、ケイ素原子、フッ素原子等)を含んでいてもよい。なお、混合物調製工程では、二種以上の有機化合物を層状粘土鉱物と混合してもよい。この場合、複数の有機化合物は、互いに反応しやすい基を有することが好ましい。
焼成工程は、上述の混合物を加熱し、有機化合物やホウ素化合物を層状粘土鉱物と共に焼成してホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと層状粘土鉱物とを含有する組成物を得る工程である。混合物の加熱方法は、有機化合物やホウ素化合物を反応させてホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを調製可能であれば特に制限されず、例えば加熱する方法や、マイクロ波を照射する方法等が含まれる。
上述の組成物を調製する方法の第2の方法は、反応性基を有する有機化合物およびホウ素化合物の混合物を調製する工程(混合物調製工程)と、混合物を加熱し、ホウ素をヘテロ原子として含むホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを得る工程(焼成工程)と、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットおよび層状粘土鉱物を混合する工程(組成物調製工程)と、を含む。当該方法では、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを調製した後、当該ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを層状粘土鉱物と混合する。当該方法においても、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと層状粘土鉱物とを十分に混合することで、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを組成物中に微分散させることができる。以下、各工程について説明する。
混合物調製工程では、反応性基を有する有機化合物と、ホウ素を含むホウ素化合物とを混合し、混合物を調製する。必要に応じて、上述のその他の化合物を混合してもよい。有機化合物やホウ素化合物、その他の化合物については、上述の第1の方法で使用するものと同様である。また、有機化合物やホウ素化合物、その他の化合物を混合する方法は、これらを均一に混合可能であれば、特に制限されない。例えば、乳鉢ですりつぶしながら混合したり、ボールミル等によって粉砕しながら混合したり、水や有機溶媒に溶解、混和あるいは分散させて混合したり、有機化合物またはホウ素化合物自体が液体である場合は、これらにその他の成分を溶解、混和あるいは分散させて混合したりしてもよい。液体状の混合物は乾燥させてもよいし、そのまま次の工程に用いてもよい。副反応を抑制する観点から、混合物は固体状であることが好ましい。
焼成工程は、上述の混合物調製工程で調製した混合物を加熱し、有機化合物やホウ素化合物を反応させてホウ素含有炭素量子ドットとする工程である。混合物の加熱方法は、有機化合物やホウ素化合物を反応させて、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを調製可能であれば特に制限されず、例えば加熱する方法や、マイクロ波を照射する方法等が含まれる。当該加熱方法や、マイクロ波の照射方法は、第1の調製方法の焼成工程と同様である。
上述の焼成工程で得られたホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物とを混合する。これにより、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物とが均一に分散された炭素量子ドット含有組成物が得られる。ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物との混合は、乳鉢ですりつぶしながら行ってもよく、ボールミル等によって粉砕しながら混合したり、水や有機溶媒に分散させて混合したりしてもよい。水や有機溶媒は、混合後、乾燥等によって除去する。
上述のホウ素含有炭素量子ドットおよび層状粘土鉱物を含む組成物は、発光性が良好であったり、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットが有する官能基を利用して特定物質を分離させる分離剤として有用であったりする。したがって、当該組成物は各種用途に利用可能である。
(1)組成物の調製
サポナイト(スメクトンSA、クニミネ工業社製)1.0gと、フロログルシノール二水和物0.15gと、ホウ酸0.057gと、を乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、200℃で3時間加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含む組成物(複合体)を調製した。
上記で得られた組成物をKBrプレートに挟み、プレスして測定用サンプルを作製した。積分球ユニットILF-835付属の分光蛍光光度計FP-8500(日本分光社製)を用いて、当該測定用サンプルの固体状態での発光波長(極大発光波長)、蛍光量子収率を評価した。励起光は、組成物の蛍光量子収率が最大となる波長の光とした。
熱重量分析装置TGA2(Mettler社製)を用いて、組成物の熱安定性を評価した。40ml/分の空気気流下、昇温速度10℃/分で測定を行い、測定開始から5%の重量が減少した温度を5%重量減少温度とした。
ハイドロタルサイト(富士フイルム和光純薬社製)0.5gと、クエン酸0.15gと、ジシアンジアミド0.1gと、ホウ酸0.048gと、を乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、170℃で1.5時間加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含む組成物(複合体)を調製した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性および熱安定性を評価した。
サポナイト0.5gと、クエン酸0.15gと、ジシアンジアミド0.1gと、四ホウ酸ナトリウム0.039gと、を乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、170℃で1.5時間加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含む組成物(複合体)を調製した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性および熱安定性を評価した。
蛍光X線分析装置ZSX Primus IV(リガク社製)を用いて、組成物の元素分析を行った。組成物0.1gのケイ素由来のピーク強度と、原料として用いたサポナイト0.1gのケイ素由来のピーク強度とを比較し、組成物中の層状粘土鉱物含有量を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
クエン酸0.15gと、ホウ酸0.048gとを乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を、三方コックを取り付けた内容積50mlのフラスコに入れ、窒素気流下、170℃で90分加熱して炭素量子ドットを合成した。合成した炭素量子ドットを0.01g測り取り、サポナイト0.09gとともに乳鉢ですりつぶすことで両者を混合し、組成物を得た。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性および熱安定性を評価した。さらに、実施例3と同様に、組成物中の層状粘土鉱物含有量を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
サポナイト0.5gと、L-システイン塩酸塩一水和物0.15gと、ホウ酸0.055gと、を乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、170℃で1.5時間加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含む炭素量子ドット含有組成物(複合体)を調製した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性を評価した。
サポナイト0.1gと、フロログルシノール二水和物0.015gと、ホウ酸0.0057gと、酸化リン(V)0.004gと、を乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、200℃で3時間加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含む炭素量子ドット含有組成物(複合体)を調製した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性を評価した。
サポナイト0.1gと、フロログルシノール二水和物0.04gと、ホウ酸0.015gと、を乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、200℃で3時間加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含む炭素量子ドット含有組成物(複合体)を調製した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性を評価した。また、実施例3と同様に、組成物中の層状粘土鉱物含有量を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
上述の組成物と臭化カリウムを乳鉢ですりつぶして混合し、この混合物を加圧成形して臭化カリウム錠剤を作製した。フーリエ変換赤外分光光度計FT/IR-4100(日本分光社製)を用いて、当該臭化カリウム錠剤の赤外吸収スペクトルを測定した。結果を図1に示す。当該赤外吸収スペクトルの横軸は波数、縦軸は透過率である。
フロログルシノール二水和物0.15gと、ホウ酸0.057gと、を乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、200℃で3時間加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを合成した。実施例1と同様に、調製した炭素量子ドットの発光特性および熱安定性を評価した。
クエン酸0.15gと、ジシアンジアミド0.1gと、ホウ酸0.048gと、を乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、170℃で1.5時間加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを合成した。実施例1と同様に、調製した炭素量子ドットの発光特性および熱安定性を評価した。
サポナイト1.0gと、フロログルシノール二水和物0.15gと、を乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、200℃で3時間加熱し、炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含む炭素量子ドット含有組成物(複合体)を調製した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性および熱安定性を評価した。
フロログルシノール二水和物0.15gを内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、200℃で3時間加熱し、炭素量子ドットを合成した。
クエン酸0.15gと、ホウ酸0.048gとを乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を、三方コックを取り付けた内容積50mlのフラスコに入れ、窒素気流下、170℃で90分加熱して炭素量子ドットを合成した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性、熱安定性を評価した。
クエン酸0.15gと、ジシアンジアミド0.1gと、四ホウ酸ナトリウム0.039gと、を乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、170℃で1.5時間加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを合成した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性および熱安定性を評価した。
L-システイン塩酸塩一水和物0.15gと、ホウ酸0.055gと、を乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、170℃で1.5時間加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを合成した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性を評価した。
内容積15mlのねじ口試験管内で、サポナイト1.0gに対して、フルフリルアルコール(液体)0.15gを含侵させ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、200℃で3時間加熱し、炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含む炭素量子ドット含有組成物(複合体)を調製した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性を評価した。
サポナイト、クエン酸(実施例9は使用無し)、ジシアンジアミド、およびホウ酸を表3に示す質量比で秤量して混合し、乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、表3に示す温度と時間で加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含む組成物(複合体)を調製した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性を評価した。
(1)酸処理粘土鉱物の調製
サポナイト(スメクトンSA、クニミネ工業社製)5.0gをイオン交換水250mLに分散させ、撹拌下、塩酸を加えてpH4とした水分散液を3日静置した。次に、水分散液を1300rpmで10分間遠心分離し、得られたゲル状固体をイオン交換水に再分散させ、再度遠心分離を行う操作を繰り返し行った。回収したゲル状固体を90℃で真空乾燥し、白色固体(以下、酸処理サポナイトという)を得た。
上記のように調製した酸処理サポナイト、クエン酸(実施例14は使用無し)、ジシアンジアミド、およびホウ酸を表3に示す質量比で秤量して混合し、乳鉢ですりつぶした。当該混合物を内容積15mlのねじ口試験管に入れ、ゴムパッキン付きねじ口キャップで封をした。そして、ねじ口試験管内に窒素を流通させながら、表3に示す温度と時間で加熱し、ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、層状粘土鉱物と、を含む組成物(複合体)を調製した。実施例1と同様に、調製した組成物の発光特性を評価した。
Claims (8)
- ホウ素をヘテロ原子として含むホウ素含有炭素量子ドットと、
層状粘土鉱物と、
を含み、25℃、1気圧において固体である、組成物。 - 前記ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットが、ヘテロ原子として、リン、硫黄、ケイ素、フッ素からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素をさらに含む、
請求項1に記載の組成物。 - 前記層状粘土鉱物が、スメクタイトまたは層状複水酸化物のいずれかを含む、
請求項1または2に記載の組成物。 - 前記層状粘土鉱物の量が、20質量%以上99質量%以下である、
請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。 - 極大発光波長が380nm以上650nm以下である、
請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。 - 前記ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットが、表面官能基を有し、
前記表面官能基が、ボロン酸、ボリン酸、ホウ酸エステル、ボロン酸エステル、およびボリン酸エステルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一種の化合物由来の構造を含む、
請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。 - 反応性基を有する有機化合物、ホウ素化合物、および層状粘土鉱物の混合物を調製する工程と、
前記混合物を加熱し、ホウ素をヘテロ原子として含むホウ素含有炭素量子ドット、および層状粘土鉱物、を含む組成物を得る工程と、
を有する、組成物の製造方法。 - 反応性基を有する有機化合物およびホウ素化合物の混合物を調製する工程と、
前記混合物を加熱し、ホウ素をヘテロ原子として含むホウ素含有炭素量子ドットを得る工程と、
前記ホウ素含有炭素量子ドットおよび層状粘土鉱物を混合する工程と、
を有する、組成物の製造方法。
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