WO2021237409A1 - 一种保护电路、硬盘设备的电源系统以及车载设备 - Google Patents

一种保护电路、硬盘设备的电源系统以及车载设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237409A1
WO2021237409A1 PCT/CN2020/092109 CN2020092109W WO2021237409A1 WO 2021237409 A1 WO2021237409 A1 WO 2021237409A1 CN 2020092109 W CN2020092109 W CN 2020092109W WO 2021237409 A1 WO2021237409 A1 WO 2021237409A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current
unit
voltage
power supply
protection circuit
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PCT/CN2020/092109
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马鹏
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Streamax Technology Co Ltd
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Streamax Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202080000815.3A priority Critical patent/CN111788752A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/092109 priority patent/WO2021237409A1/zh
Publication of WO2021237409A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237409A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/08Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
    • G07C5/0841Registering performance data
    • G07C5/0875Registering performance data using magnetic data carriers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582Buck-boost converters

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of protection circuits, and in particular to a protection circuit, a power supply system of a hard disk device, and a vehicle-mounted device. Background technique
  • the vehicle-mounted monitoring host is called the black box of the car, and is responsible for the collection of information such as vehicle internal and external vehicle condition data, and real-time status of personnel.
  • the hard disk storage device in the monitoring host is also called the heart of the monitoring host, which mainly saves the collected information to the hard disk. Affected by the complex internal and external environment of the car, the power protection of the storage device is particularly important. Once the power supply of the storage device is abnormal, the entire monitoring host will lose its core functions.
  • the PM0S will be damaged first due to the slow response of the fuse; secondly, the overcurrent characteristics of the fuse are easily affected by temperature changes, and the overcurrent capability of the fuse on the device in a high temperature environment will It is greatly reduced, and there is a situation that the hard disk cannot be supplied with power; in addition, the protection circuit of the conventional storage device cannot absorb the voltage spike caused by the fast start and stop of the hard disk motor, and the long-term existence of the spike may damage the hard disk.
  • on-vehicle monitoring storage devices use mechanical hard disks.
  • One of the objectives of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a protection circuit, a power supply system of a hard disk device, and an in-vehicle device, aiming to solve the problem of low reliability of the traditional protection circuit.
  • a protection circuit including:
  • the current limiting unit is used to connect a power signal and output the power signal at the output terminal when the current of the power signal is below a preset value
  • an anti-backflow unit connected between the loads at the output ends of the current limiting unit, and the anti-backflow unit is used to unidirectionally transmit the power signal to the load;
  • a bleeder unit is connected to the power supply transmission link between the output end of the anti-backflow unit and the load, and the bleeder unit is used to bleed voltage spikes on the power supply transmission link.
  • the current limiting unit and the power supply transmission link are decoupled from a self-recovery fuse.
  • the current-limiting unit includes a control module and a current-limiting module connected to the control module, and the current-limiting module is used to access a power signal and express the The current monitoring signal whether the current exceeds a preset value is fed back to the control module, and the control module is used to control the output of the current limiting module or shut off the output of the power signal according to the current monitoring signal.
  • control module includes a control chip
  • control chip has a current monitoring pin connected to the current limiting module and a current monitoring pin for controlling the output of the current limiting module or turning off the output.
  • the control chip controls the level state of the enable pin according to the level state of the current monitoring signal received by the current monitoring pin.
  • the current-limiting module includes a current-limiting chip and a first resistor, and the current-limiting chip has an input pin for accessing the power signal and is connected to the first resistor Connected, a programmable current limiting pin used to adjust the preset value of the current, and a current feedback pin used to output the current monitoring signal, and a current feedback pin used to connect to the enable pin of the control chip An enable control pin, and an output pin for outputting the power signal.
  • the anti-backflow unit includes a diode, the anode of the diode is connected to the output end of the current limiting unit, and the cathode is connected to the load.
  • the bleeder unit includes a voltage detection unit and a normally open bleeder branch, and the voltage detection unit is used to detect the voltage of the power supply transmission link when the voltage exceeds Threshold, control The discharge branch is controlled to be turned on to discharge the voltage spike on the power supply transmission link.
  • the voltage detection unit includes a voltage divider network and a comparator unit, one end of the voltage divider network is connected to the output end of the anti-backflow unit, and the voltage divider of the voltage divider network The output terminal is connected to the comparator unit, and the comparator unit compares the divided voltage signal output by the voltage dividing network with a reference voltage, and outputs a comparison result to control the on-off of the discharge branch.
  • the bleeder branch includes a conductive switch and a bleeder resistor connected in series between the output terminal of the anti-backflow unit and the ground, and the control terminal of the conductive switch and the comparator The output terminal of the unit is connected.
  • the conductive switch includes a semiconductor switch, an electromagnetic conductive switch, or a switch integrated circuit. .
  • a power supply system for a hard disk device including:
  • the voltage conversion circuit is used to connect to an input power source, and output a power signal after voltage conversion of the input power source;
  • the protection circuit is connected between the voltage conversion circuit connection and the power terminal of the hard disk device.
  • the voltage conversion circuit includes:
  • the buck-boost conversion module is used to connect to the input power source and convert the input power source into the power source signal;
  • the step-down module is connected to the step-up and step-down conversion module, and the step-down module is used to step down the power signal and output it.
  • the buck-boost converter module includes a Buck-Boost converter.
  • the step-down module includes a Buck converter.
  • an in-vehicle device which includes a hard disk device, and further includes the protection circuit described in the first aspect, or the power supply system of the hard disk device described in the second aspect.
  • the beneficial effects of the protection circuit are: if the power signal is overcurrent, the current limiting unit will turn off the output of the power signal, and the bleeder unit is responsible for monitoring whether there is a voltage spike in the power supply transmission link, If there is a spike, the bleeder unit will absorb the voltage spike, which effectively protects the stability of the power supply voltage of the load equipment and improves the reliability of the load power supply.
  • the anti-backflow unit will cut off the voltage higher than the power signal and backflow back to the power supply to ensure the power supply. Unaffected, the entire protection circuit does not use fuse devices, so that the over-current protection is still reliable and effective in high-temperature environments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a protection circuit provided by one of the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system of a hard disk device according to an embodiment of the present application. Inventive embodiment of the present invention
  • the protection circuit provided by some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application includes a current limiting unit 10, an anti-backflow unit 20, and a discharge unit 30.
  • the current limiting unit 10 is used to connect to the power signal Vdd, and output the power signal Vdd at the output terminal when the current of the power signal Vdd is below the preset value; the anti-backflow unit 20 is connected to the output terminal of the current limiting unit 10. Between loads 100, the anti-backflow unit 20 is used to unidirectionally transmit the power signal Vdd to the load 100; the discharge unit 30 is connected to the power supply transmission link between the output end of the anti-backflow unit 20 and the load 100 to discharge The unit 30 is used to discharge voltage spikes on the power transmission link 102.
  • the current limiting unit 10 will turn off the output of the power signal Vdd. If a voltage spike occurs, the bleeder unit 30 will absorb the voltage spike, effectively protecting the power supply voltage stability of the load 100 device. The reliability of the power supply of the load 100 is improved, and the backflow prevention unit 20 backflows the voltage that is higher than the power signal Vdd to the power source to ensure that the power source is not affected.
  • the load 100 may be a hard disk device, a motor device, a lighting device, etc.
  • the current limiting unit 10 and the power supply transmission link 102 are decoupled from the resettable fuse, and the entire protection circuit does not use fuse devices, so that the overcurrent protection is still reliable and effective in a high temperature environment.
  • the current limiting unit 10 includes a control module 110 and a current limiting module 120 connected to the control module 110.
  • the current limiting module 120 is used to access the power signal Vdd
  • the control module 110 is used for controlling the output of the current limiting module 120 or turning off the output power signal Vdd according to the current monitoring signal ECD indicating whether the current of the power signal Vdd exceeds a preset value.
  • the current limiting module 120 can detect the current by itself, and feeds back the current monitoring signal ECD indicating whether the current of the power signal Vdd exceeds a preset value to the control module 110, and the control module 110 is based on the current monitoring signal ECD
  • the level state output enable signal P_EN controls the on-off between the input terminal and the output terminal of the current-limiting module 120 to output or turn off the output power signal Vdd; when the current of the power signal Vdd exceeds the preset value, the current limit The module 120 is controlled to turn off the output power signal Vdd, so as to achieve the purpose of current limiting.
  • control module 110 may be used The resistance is used to detect the current of the power signal Vdd, the current is judged after analog-to-digital conversion is performed on the detection signal inside or outside the control module 110, and the enable signal P_EN is directly output according to the judgment result to control the on and off of the current limiting module 120.
  • the control module 110 includes a control chip.
  • the control chip has a current monitoring pin CS' connected to the current limiting module 120 and is used to control the current limiting chip to be turned on or off.
  • the enable pin EN' of the output power signal Vdd the control chip controls the level state of the enable pin EN' according to the level state of the current monitoring signal ECD received by the current monitoring pin CS'.
  • the control chip can be a single-chip microcomputer, such as a chip already set on the main board of the device to which the protection circuit is applied, without additional settings, high integration and low cost. Of course, it is also considered to independently set up a single-chip microcomputer for this scheme.
  • the current-limiting module 120 includes a current-limiting chip 122 and a first resistor 124, and the current-limiting chip 122 has an input pin VS, a programmable current-limiting pin CL, and current feedback Pin CS, enable control pin DIAG_EN, and output pin OUT.
  • the input pin VS is used to connect to the power signal Vdd;
  • the programmable current-limiting pin CL is connected to the first resistor 124 and is used to adjust the preset value of the current.
  • the preset value of the current can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance of the first resistor 124 Set value;
  • the current feedback pin CS is connected to the current monitoring pin CS' of the control chip, and is used to output the current monitoring signal ECD.
  • the high and low level status of the current monitoring signal ECD indicates whether there is overcurrent; the enable control pin DIAG_EN is used for Connected to the enable pin EN' of the control chip, the current-limiting chip 122 works in the state of outputting or turning off the output power signal Vdd according to the level state of the enable signal P_EN output by the control chip; the output pin OUT is used to output power Signal Vdd.
  • the current-limiting chip 122 is used for current-limiting control, with current detection. Compared with the traditional solution using MOS tubes, it has higher reliability and can use external resistors to provide programmable current limit. Specifically, a single-channel intelligent high-side switch can be used.
  • the anti-backflow unit 20 includes a diode.
  • the anode of the diode is connected to the output terminal of the current limiting unit 10, and the cathode is connected to the load 100.
  • a unidirectional Schottky diode is used, and the main function of the diode is forward conduction. The feature of reverse cut-off realizes the function of preventing backflow.
  • the load 100 takes a hard disk with a rated voltage of 12V as an example, and the first resistor 124 is set to 1.2 K to indicate that the current limiting chip 122 can withstand a current of 2A (ie, the preset value of the current), if the power signal The Vdd current exceeds 2A, that is, the power supply of the load 100 is in an overcurrent state.
  • the enable signal output by the enable pin EN' of the control chip?_ EN is turned on by default, and the current monitoring signal ECD is by default a high signal. .
  • the realization logic of current overcurrent protection is: When the power signal Vdd has a current exceeding 2A or the positive and negative poles of the load 100 are short-circuited, the current-limiting core The current feedback pin CS of the chip 122 will output a low-level signal to the system control chip. After receiving the low-level signal, the control chip will promptly send out relevant warning information and turn off the enable signal?_£1 Pull the low level to limit the current The chip 122 turns off the output.
  • Anti-backflow protection realization logic When the power of the load 100 is mistakenly touched higher than 12V, the diode will cut off the voltage higher than 12V and backflow back to the system that outputs the power signal Vdd to ensure that the system is not affected.
  • the entire current limiting unit 10 does not use a fuse device, which also effectively solves the problem that hard disk overcurrent protection can be used at high temperatures.
  • the bleeding unit 30 includes a voltage detection unit 310 and a normally open bleeding branch 320.
  • the voltage detection unit 310 is used to detect the voltage of the power transmission link 102.
  • the control bleeder branch 320 is turned on to bleed the voltage spike on the power transmission link 102, so as to prevent the load 100 from being impacted by the voltage spike and cause damage.
  • the bleeder branch 320 is normally open to prevent the power transmission link 102 from directly reaching the ground to form an energy-consuming loop.
  • the voltage detection unit 310 includes a voltage divider network 312 and a comparator unit 314, one end of the voltage divider network 312 is connected to the output end of the anti-backflow unit 20, that is, the cathode of the diode
  • the voltage dividing output end of the voltage dividing network 312 is connected to the comparator unit 314, and the comparator unit 314 compares the voltage dividing signal output by the voltage dividing network 312 with the reference voltage, and outputs the comparison result to control the opening and closing of the bleeder branch 320.
  • the voltage dividing network 312 includes voltage dividing resistors R1, R2, the voltage dividing resistors R1, R2 are connected in series between the output terminal of the anti-backflow unit 20 and the ground, and the common terminal of the voltage dividing resistors R1, R2 is used as the voltage dividing output. end.
  • the comparator unit 314 can use a comparison chip with a built-in reference voltage and a comparator, which is highly integrated and is conducive to miniaturization; the comparator unit 314 can also use a comparator of a discrete device and a reference for providing the reference voltage.
  • the voltage source is constituted, and the reference voltage source can be a voltage stabilizer or a voltage divider circuit, which is low in cost.
  • the bleeder branch 320 includes a normally open conductive switch 322 and a bleeder resistor connected in series to the output end of the anti-backflow unit 20, that is, between the cathode of the diode and the ground. 324.
  • the control terminal of the conductive switch 322 is connected to the output terminal of the comparator unit 314.
  • the bleeder resistor 324 is connected to the cathode of the diode, and the conductive switch 322 includes a semiconductor switch, an electromagnetic conductive switch 322 or a switch integrated circuit.
  • the semiconductor switch adopts a MOS tube
  • the comparator unit 314 controls the MOS tube to be turned on by outputting a driving voltage to the grid of the MOS tube, so that the bleeder resistor 324 discharges the voltage (pulse) spikes that appear.
  • the electromagnetic conductive switch 322 may be a relay.
  • the load 100 takes a hard disk with a rated voltage of 12V as an example, and the comparator unit 314 uses a comparison chip, which is actually a comparator circuit inside, and has a reference voltage (for example, 1.226V). The reference voltage is compared with the monitoring input pin SENSE of the comparator unit 314 for voltage comparison.
  • the output pin /RESET of the comparator unit 314 When the voltage of the monitoring input pin SENSE is greater than 1.226V, the output pin /RESET of the comparator unit 314 outputs a high-level control signal, Otherwise, a low-level signal is output.
  • the voltage divider resistors R1 and R2 divide the voltage of the power signal V dd to obtain 12. 7V as the threshold value. If the power signal Vdd is greater than 12.7V, the output pin /RESET of the comparator unit 314 will output a high level. .
  • the reason for setting 12. 7V as the threshold is because the hard disk meets the working voltage of the hard disk within the range of 12V ⁇ 10%. In this way, the power signal Vdd is greater than the voltage of 12.7V, the bleeder unit 30 will default to an abnormal voltage spike signal, and the bleeder branch 320 will be opened for voltage absorption.
  • the bleeder branch 320 is mainly composed of a high-power NMOS tube and a bleeder resistor 324. Since the voltage pulse glitch time caused by the hard disk power on is short, a bleeder resistor 324 is required to discharge and absorb the ground (GND). . When the bleeder resistor 324 is connected to the ground, the ground loop needs to be closed. The reason why it needs to be closed is because if it is always open under normal conditions, the bleeder resistor 324 to the ground will lose part of the efficiency. Absorb the voltage spike logic caused by the hard disk power on: Normally, the voltage of the power signal Vdd is 12V.
  • the voltage After being divided by the voltage divider resistors R1 and R2, the voltage does not reach the reference voltage value of the comparator unit 314, and the output of the comparator unit 314 is low.
  • the level signal is given to the high-power NMOS tube, the high-power NMOS tube is cut off, and the ground loop of the bleeder resistor 324 is not opened, and there is no bleed action.
  • the voltage of the power signal Vdd is higher than the voltage pulse spike of 12.7V, the voltage pulse spike is higher than the reference voltage value of the comparator unit 314 after being divided by the voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2, and the comparator unit 314 outputs a high voltage.
  • the flat signal is given to the high-power NMOS tube, the high-power NMOS tube is opened, and the bleeder resistor 324 forms a ground loop, thereby bleeding the voltage pulse spikes that appear.
  • the comparator unit 314 outputs a low level, the high-power NMOS tube closes the bleeder, and then performs the next cycle of voltage monitoring.
  • the power supply system of the hard disk device provided by some embodiments of the second aspect of the present application includes a voltage conversion circuit 200 and the protection circuit provided in the first aspect.
  • the voltage conversion circuit 200 is connected to an input power source V in.
  • the input power source Vin is voltage-converted to output the above-mentioned power signal Vdd;
  • the protection circuit is connected between the voltage conversion circuit 200 and the power terminal of the hard disk device 104, and the protection circuit will protect the hard disk device 104 from overcurrent and overvoltage.
  • the voltage conversion circuit 200 is also protected against backflow.
  • the voltage conversion circuit 200 includes a buck-boost conversion module 210 and a buck module 220.
  • the buck-boost conversion module 210 is used to connect the input power Vin, and convert the input power Vin into a power signal Vdd. It can use a Buck-Boost converter, such as transforming the input power Vin from 8V to 48V The 12V power signal Vdd is supplied to the hard disk device 104.
  • the step-down module 220 is connected to the step-up and step-down conversion module 210, and the step-down module 220 is used to step down the power signal Vdd and output it, which can use a Buck converter, such as transforming the 12V power signal Vdd into 3. 3V Or a working voltage of 5V is supplied to the control chip, the current limiting chip 122, and the comparator unit 314.
  • a Buck converter such as transforming the 12V power signal Vdd into 3. 3V Or a working voltage of 5V is supplied to the control chip, the current limiting chip 122, and the comparator unit 314.
  • the vehicle-mounted device provided by some embodiments of the second aspect of the present application includes a hard disk device and the above-mentioned protection circuit, or the above-mentioned power system of the hard disk device.
  • the above-mentioned protection circuit can be used not only for hard disk power supply, but also for display screens, speakers, vehicle-mounted computers, driving recorders and other equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种保护电路、硬盘设备的电源系统以及车载设备,涉及保护电路技术领域,有效的保护了负载设备,提高了负载供电的可靠性,包括:限流单元(10)、防倒灌单元(20)及泄放单元(30),限流单元(10)用于接入电源信号(Vdd),并在所述电源信号(Vdd)的电流在预设值以下时将所述电源信号(Vdd)在输出端输出;防倒灌单元(20)连接在所述限流单元(10)的输出端的负载之间,所述防倒灌单元(20)用于将所述电源信号(Vdd)单向传输到所述负载(100);泄放单元(30)连接在所述防倒灌单元(20)的输出端和所述负载(100)之间的供电传输链路(102)上,所述泄放单元(30)用于泄放所述供电传输链路(102)上的电压尖峰。

Description

一 种保 护 电路 、 硬盘设 备的 电源 系 统以 及车 载设 备 技术领域
[0001] 本申请涉及保护电路技术领域, 具体涉及一种保护电路、 硬盘设备的电源系统 以及车载设备。 背景技术
[0002] 车载监控主机被称为汽车的黑匣子, 负责车辆内外部车况数据、 人员实时状态 等信息的采集。 而监控主机中的硬盘存储设备又被称为监控主机的心脏, 主要 是将采集到的信息保存到硬盘中。 受汽车内外部环境的复杂影响, 存储设备的 电源保护尤为重要, 一旦存储设备电源出现异常, 整个监控主机将失去最核心 的功能。
[0003] 结合车载监控的复杂多样性, 目前的监控厂家通用做法一般考虑的硬盘电压的 防过流、 防电压倒灌、 防电源短路等措施, 但各有千秋, 无法做到真正意义上 完全保护。 常规存储设备的保护电路通常使用一个 PM0S管控制硬盘电源开关, 自恢复保险丝保护硬盘过流, 肖特基单项二极管防止高电压倒灌到系统主机电 源, 但实际车载环境中, 缺点非常明显。 如果出现硬盘电源线正负极误接触短 路, 那么由于保险丝响应动作慢的原因, PM0S将会先损坏; 其次保险丝防过流 特性容易受到温度变化影响, 高温环境下设备上的保险丝过流能力将大大减小 , 出现无法给硬盘供电的情况; 另外, 常规存储设备的保护电路通无法做到吸 收硬盘电机快速启停带来的电压尖峰, 尖峰长期存在可能损坏硬盘。 一般地车 载监控存储设备均使用机械硬盘, 机械硬盘内部电机从启动高速到缓停慢速, 会出现倒灌电流进而引起电源线电压出现尖峰, 出现的电压尖峰一般会超过硬 盘的工作电压范围, 如果不加以处理长期使用会损坏硬盘。 发明概 述 技术问题
[0004] 本申请实施例的目的之一在于: 提供一种保护电路、 硬盘设备的电源系统以及 车载设备, 旨在解决传统的保护电路可靠性低的问题。 问题的解 决方案 技术解决方案
[0005] 为解决上述技术问题, 本申请实施例采用的技术方案是:
[0006] 第一方面, 提供了一种保护电路, 包括:
[0007] 限流单元, 用于接入电源信号, 并在所述电源信号的电流在预设值以下时将所 述电源信号在输出端输出;
[0008] 防倒灌单元, 连接在所述限流单元的输出端的负载之间, 所述防倒灌单元用于 将所述电源信号单向传输到所述负载;
[0009] 泄放单元, 连接在所述防倒灌单元的输出端和所述负载之间的供电传输链路上 , 所述泄放单元用于泄放所述供电传输链路上的电压尖峰。
[0010] 在一个实施例中, 所述限流单元以及所述供电传输链路与自恢复保险丝解耦。
[0011] 在一个实施例中, 所述限流单元包括一控制模块和与所述控制模块连接的限流 模块, 所述限流模块用于接入电源信号, 并将表示所述电源信号的电流是否超 过预设值的电流监测信号反馈给所述控制模块, 所述控制模块用于根据电流监 测信号控制所述限流模块的输出或关断输出所述电源信号。
[0012] 在一个实施例中, 所述控制模块包括一控制芯片, 所述控制芯片具有与所述限 流模块连接的电流监测管脚和用于控制所述限流模块输出或关断输出所述电源 信号的使能管脚, 所述控制芯片根据所述电流监测管脚接收的所述电流监测信 号的电平状态控制所述使能管脚的电平状态。
[0013] 在一个实施例中, 所述限流模块包括一限流芯片和第一电阻, 所述限流芯片具 有用于接入所述电源信号的输入管脚, 以及与所述第一电阻连接、 用于调节所 述电流的预设值的可编程限流引脚, 以及用于输出所述电流监测信号的电流反 馈管脚, 以及用于与所述控制芯片的使能管脚连接的使能控制管脚, 以及用于 输出所述电源信号的输出管脚。
[0014] 在一个实施例中, 所述防倒灌单元包一二极管, 所述二极管的正极与所述限流 单元的输出端链接, 负极与所述负载连接。
[0015] 在一个实施例中, 所述泄放单元包括一电压检测单元和一常开的泄放支路, 所 述电压检测单元的用于检测所述供电传输链路的电压, 在电压超过阈值时, 控 制所述泄放支路导通以泄放所述供电传输链路上的电压尖峰。
[0016] 在一个实施例中, 所述电压检测单元包括一分压网络和比较器单元, 所述分压 网络的一端与所述防倒灌单元的输出端连接, 所述分压网络的分压输出端与所 述比较器单元连接, 所述比较器单元将所述分压网络输出的分压信号与基准电 压比较, 并输出比较结果控制所述泄放支路通断。
[0017] 在一个实施例中, 所述泄放支路包括串联在所述防倒灌单元的输出端和地之间 的导电开关、 泄放电阻, 所述导电开关的控制端与所述比较器单元的输出端连 接。
[0018] 在一个实施例中, 所述导电开关包括半导体开关、 电磁式导电开关或开关集成 电路。 .
[0019] 第二方面, 提供了一种硬盘设备的电源系统, 包括:
[0020] 电压变换电路, 用于接入输入电源, 并将该输入电源进行电压变换后输出电源 信号; 以及
[0021] 如第一方面所述的保护电路, 所述保护电路连接在所述电压变换电路连接与所 述硬盘设备的电源端之间。
[0022] 在一个实施例中, 所述电压变换电路包括:
[0023] 升降压变换模块, 用于接入所述输入电源, 并将该输入电源进行电压变换为所 述电源信号;
[0024] 降压模块, 与所述升降压变换模块连接, 所述降压模块用于将所述电源信号降 压后输出。
[0025] 在一个实施例中, 所述升降压变换模块包括 Buck-Boost变换器。
[0026] 在一个实施例中, 所述降压模块包括 Buck变换器。
[0027] 第三方面, 提供一种车载设备, 包括硬盘设备, 还包括如第一方面所述的保护 电路, 或者与第二方面所述的硬盘设备的电源系统。 . 发明的 有益效果 有益效果
[0028] 本申请实施例提供的保护电路的有益效果在于: 如果电源信号过流, 限流单元 将关闭电源信号的输出, 泄放单元负责监测供电传输链路是否存在电压尖峰, 如果出现尖峰, 泄放单元将吸收掉电压尖峰, 有效的保护了负载设备的电源电 压稳定性, 提高了负载供电的可靠性, 防倒灌单元将截止高于电源信号的电压 倒灌回电源, 保证电源不受影响, 整个保护电路不使用保险丝器件, 使得高温 环境下过流保护依旧可靠有效。
[0029] 可以理解的是, 上述第二方面至第三方面的有益效果可以参见上述第一方面中 的相关描述, 在此不再赘述。 对附图 的简要说 明 附图说明
[0030] 为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案, 下面将对实施例或示范性技术 描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅 是本申请的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动 的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
[0031] 图 1是本申请其中一实施例提供的保护电路的结构示意图;
[0032] 图 2是本申请其中一实施例提供的保护电路的结构示意图;
[0033] 图 3是本申请其中一实施例提供的保护电路的电路图;
[0034] 图 4是本申请其中一实施例提供的硬盘设备的电源系统的结构示意图。 发明实施 例 本发明的实施方 式
[0035] 为了使本申请的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白, 以下结合附图及实施例 , 对本申请进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解, 此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以 解释本申请, 并不用于限定本申请。
[0036] 需说明的是, 当部件被称为 “固定于”或 “设置于”另一个部件, 它可以直接 在另一个部件上或者间接在该另一个部件上。 当一个部件被称为是 “连接于” 另一个部件, 它可以是直接或者间接连接至该另一个部件上。 术语 “上” 、 “ 下” 、 “左” 、 “右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置 关系, 仅是为了便于描述, 而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定 的方位、 以特定的方位构造和操作, 因此不能理解为对本申请的限制, 对于本 领域的普通技术人员而言, 可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。 术语 “第一” 、 “第二”仅用于便于描述目的, 而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要 性或者隐含指明技术特征的数量。 “多个” 的含义是两个或两个以上, 除非另 有明确具体的限定。
[0037] 为了说明本申请所提供的技术方案, 以下结合具体附图及实施例进行详细说明
[0038] 请参阅图 1, 本申请第一方面的一些实施例提供的保护电路, 包括限流单元 10 、 防倒灌单元 20以及泄放单元 30。
[0039] 限流单元 10用于接入电源信号 Vdd, 并在电源信号 Vdd的电流在预设值以下时将 电源信号 Vdd在输出端输出; 防倒灌单元 20连接在限流单元 10的输出端的负载 10 0之间, 防倒灌单元 20用于将电源信号 Vdd单向传输到负载 100; 泄放单元 30连接 在防倒灌单元 20的输出端和负载 100之间的供电传输链路上, 泄放单元 30用于泄 放供电传输链路 102上的电压尖峰。
[0040] 如果电源信号 Vdd过流, 限流单元 10将关闭电源信号 Vdd的输出, 如果出现电压 尖峰, 泄放单元 30将吸收掉电压尖峰, 有效的保护了负载 100设备的电源电压稳 定性, 提高了负载 100供电的可靠性, 防倒灌单元 20将截止高于电源信号 Vdd的 电压倒灌回电源, 保证电源不受影响。
[0041] 本申请实施例中, 负载 100可以硬盘设备、 电机设备、 照明设备等。 限流单元 1 0以及供电传输链路 102与自恢复保险丝解耦, 整个保护电路不使用保险丝器件 , 使得高温环境下过流保护依旧可靠有效。
[0042] 请参阅图 2, 在一些实施例中, 限流单元 10包括一控制模块 110和与控制模块 11 0连接的限流模块 120, 限流模块 120用于接入电源信号 Vdd, 控制模块 110用于根 据表示电源信号 Vdd的电流是否超过预设值的电流监测信号 ECD控制限流模块 120 的输出或关断输出电源信号 Vdd。 在一个实施例中, 限流模块 120自身能对电流 进行检测, 并将表示电源信号 Vdd的电流是否超过预设值的电流监测信号 ECD反 馈给控制模块 110, 控制模块 110基于该电流监测信号 ECD的电平状态输出使能信 号P_EN控制限流模块 120输入端和输出端之间的通断, 以输出或关断输出电源信 号 Vdd; 在电源信号 Vdd的电流大小超过预设值时, 限流模块 120被控制关断输出 电源信号 Vdd, 以此达到限流的目的。 在其他实施例中, 可以利用控制模块 110 通过采用电阻检测电源信号 Vdd的电流, 在控制模块 110内部或外部对检测信号 进行模数转换后判断电流的大小, 根据判断结果直接输出使能信号 P_EN控制限 流模块 120的通断。
[0043] 请参阅图 3, 在一些实施例中, 控制模块 110包括一控制芯片, 控制芯片具有与 限流模块 120连接的电流监测管脚 CS’ 和用于控制限流芯片导通或关断输出电源 信号 Vdd的使能管脚 EN’ , 控制芯片根据电流监测管脚 CS’ 接收的电流监测信号 ECD的电平状态控制使能管脚 EN’ 的电平状态。 控制芯片可以采用单片机, 比如 保护电路所应用的设备主板已设置的芯片, 不需要额外设置, 集成度高, 成本 低。 当然也考虑为本方案独立设置一个单片机芯片。
[0044] 请参阅图 3, 在一些实施例中, 限流模块 120包括一限流芯片 122和第一电阻 124 , 限流芯片 122具有输入管脚 VS、 可编程限流引脚 CL、 电流反馈管脚 CS、 使能控 制管脚 DIAG_EN以及输出管脚 OUT。 输入管脚 VS用于接入电源信号 Vdd; 可编程限 流引脚 CL与第一电阻 124连接, 用于调节电流的预设值, 具体通过调节第一电阻 124的阻值可以调节电流的预设值; 电流反馈管脚 CS与控制芯片的电流监测管脚 CS’ 连接, 用于输出电流监测信号 ECD, 电流监测信号 ECD的高低电平状态表示 是否过流; 使能控制管脚 DIAG_EN用于与控制芯片的使能管脚 EN’ 连接, 限流芯 片 122根据控制芯片输出的使能信号P_EN的电平状态工作在输出或关断输出电源 信号 Vdd的状态; 输出管脚 OUT用于输出电源信号 Vdd的。 采用限流芯片 122进行 限流控制, 具有电流检测, 相比于传统的方案采用 M0S管, 可靠性更高, 并且可 以使用外部电阻提供可编程电流限制, 具体可以采用单通道智能高侧开关。
[0045] 在一个示例中, 防倒灌单元 20包括二极管, 二极管的正极与限流单元 10的输出 端链接, 负极与负载 100连接, 比如采用单向肖特基二极管, 主要功能利用二极 管正向导通反向截止的特点实现防倒灌功能。
[0046] 在一个示例中, 负载 100以额定电压为 12V的硬盘为例, 第一电阻 124设置为 1. 2 K表示限流芯片 122耐电流 2A (即电流的预设值) , 如果电源信号 Vdd的电流超过 2A即负载 100的供电出于过流状态, 控制芯片的使能管脚 EN’ 输出的使能信号?_ EN默认为高电平打开, 电流监测信号 ECD默认为高电平信号。 电流过流保护实现 逻辑为: 当电源信号 Vdd出现超过 2A的电流或者负载 100正负极短路后, 限流芯 片 122的电流反馈管脚 CS将输出低电平信号给系统控制芯片, 控制芯片收到低电 平信号后及时发出相关预警信息, 并关闭使能信号?_£1 拉低电平使得限流芯 片 122关断输出。 防倒灌保护实现逻辑: 当负载 100的电源误接触高于 12V后, 二 极管将截止高于 12V的电压倒灌回输出电源信号 Vdd的系统, 保证系统不受影响 。 整个限流单元 10不使用保险丝器件, 也有效解决了高温下可以使用硬盘过流 保护的问题。
[0047] 请参阅图 2, 在一个实施例中, 泄放单元 30包括一电压检测单元 310和一常开的 泄放支路 320, 电压检测单元 310的用于检测供电传输链路 102的电压, 在供电传 输链路 102的电压超过阈值时, 控制泄放支路 320导通以泄放供电传输链路 102的 上的电压尖峰, 以防止负载 100受到电压尖峰的冲击, 导致损坏。 另外, 泄放支 路 320常开是为了防止供电传输链路 102的的直接到地以形成耗能回路。
[0048] 请参阅图 3, 在一个实施例中, 电压检测单元 310包括一分压网络 312和比较器 单元 314, 分压网络 312的一端与防倒灌单元 20的输出端, 即二极管的负极连接 , 分压网络 312的分压输出端与比较器单元 314连接, 比较器单元 314将分压网络 312输出的分压信号与基准电压比较, 并输出比较结果控制泄放支路 320通断。 可选地, 分压网络 312包括分压电阻 Rl、 R2, 分压电阻 Rl、 R2串联在防倒灌单元 20的输出端和地之间, 分压电阻 Rl、 R2的共 接端作为分压输出端。 可选地, 比较器单元 314可以采用内置基准电压和比较器 的比较芯片, 此方式集成度高, 利于小型化; 比较器单元 314也可以使用分立器 件的比较器和用于提供基准电压的基准电压源构成, 基准电压源可以采用稳压 器, 或分压电路, 此方式成本低。
[0049] 请参阅图 3, 在一个实施例中, 泄放支路 320包括串联在防倒灌单元 20的输出端 , 即二极管的负极和地之间的常开状态的导电开关 322和泄放电阻 324, 导电开 关 322的控制端与比较器单元 314的输出端连接。 本实施例中, 泄放电阻 324连接 二极管的负极, 导电开关 322包括半导体开关、 电磁式导电开关 322或开关集成 电路。 本实施例中, 半导体开关采用 M0S管, 比较器单元 314通过输出驱动电压 到 M0S管的栅极以控制 M0S管导通, 使得泄放电阻 324泄放掉出现的电压 (脉冲) 尖峰。 电磁式导电开关 322可以采用继电器。 [0050] 在本示例中, 负载 100以额定电压为 12V的硬盘为例, 比较器单元 314采用比较 芯片, 其内部其实就是一个比较器电路, 且有一个基准电压 (比如 1. 226V) , 该基准电压和比较器单元 314的监测输入管脚 SENSE来进行电压对比, 当监测输 入管脚 SENSE的电压大于 1. 226V时, 则比较器单元 314的输出管脚 /RESET输出高 电平控制信号, 反之则输出低电平信号。 对应地, 分压电阻 R1和 R2对电源信号 V dd进行分压计算得到 12. 7V为门限值, 电源信号 Vdd大于 12. 7V则比较器单元 314 的输出管脚 /RESET将输出高电平。 之所以设置 12. 7V为门限值, 是因为硬盘满足 硬盘的工作电压 12V± 10%范围。 这样电源信号 Vdd大于 12. 7V的电压, 泄放单元 3 0将默认为是不正常的电压尖峰信号, 将要打开泄放支路 320来进行电压吸收。
[0051] 泄放支路 320主要由大功率 NM0S管和泄放电阻 324构成, 由于硬盘上电带来的电 压脉冲毛刺时间短, 故需要一个泄放电阻 324对地 (GND) 进行泄放吸收。 泄放 电阻 324对地正常情况下需要关闭地回路, 之所以需要关闭时因为如果正常情况 下一直打开, 泄放电阻 324对地将会损耗部分效率。 吸收硬盘上电带来的电压尖 峰逻辑: 正常情况电源信号 Vdd的电压为 12V, 经过分压电阻 R1和 R2分压后, 电 压没有达到比较器单元 314的基准电压值, 比较器单元 314输出低电平信号给大 功率 NM0S管, 大功率 NM0S管截止, 泄放电阻 324未打开地回路无泄放动作。 异常 情况下如果电源信号 Vdd的电压高于 12. 7V的电压脉冲尖峰, 电压脉冲尖峰经过 分压电阻 R1和 R2分压后高于比较器单元 314的基准电压值, 比较器单元 314输出 高电平信号给大功率 NM0S管, 大功率 NM0S管被打开, 泄放电阻 324形成地回路, 进而泄放掉出现的电压脉冲尖峰。 电源信号 Vdd的电压回复到 12. 7V以下后, 回 归正常状态, 比较器单元 314输出低电平, 大功率 NM0S管关闭泄放, 再进行下一 循环的电压监控。
[0052] 请参阅图 4, 本申请第二方面的一些实施例提供的硬盘设备的电源系统, 包括 电压变换电路 200和第一方面提供的保护电路, 电压变换电路 200接入输入电源 V in, 并将该输入电源 Vin进行电压变换后输出上述的电源信号 Vdd; 保护电路连 接在电压变换电路 200连接与硬盘设备 104的电源端之间, 保护电路将对硬盘设 备 104进行过流、 过压保护, 同时还对电压变换电路 200进行防倒灌保护, 其他 有益效果可以参照以上对保护电路的具体描述, 在此不再赘述。 [0053] 在其中一些实施例中, 电压变换电路 200包括升降压变换模块 210和降压模块 22 0。
[0054] 升降压变换模块 210用于接入输入电源 Vin, 并将该输入电源 Vin进行电压变换 为电源信号 Vdd, 其可以采用 Buck-Boost变换器, 比如将 8V~48V的输入电源 Vin 变换为 12V的电源信号 Vdd供给硬盘设备 104。
[0055] 降压模块 220与升降压变换模块 210连接, 降压模块 220用于将电源信号 Vdd降压 后输出, 其可以采用 Buck变换器, 比如将 12V的电源信号 Vdd变换为 3. 3V或 5V的 工作电压, 供给控制芯片、 限流芯片 122、 以及比较器单元 314。
[0056] 本申请第二方面的一些实施例提供的车载设备, 包括硬盘设备和上述的保护电 路, 或者上述的硬盘设备的电源系统。 在车载设备中, 上述的保护电路不仅可 以用在硬盘供电上, 也可以用在显示屏、 扬声器、 车载电脑、 行车记录仪等设 备上。
[0057] 以上仅所述为本申请的可选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本申请。 对于本领域的 技术人员来说, 本申请可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本申请的精神和原则之内 , 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之 内。

Claims

权利 要 求 书
[权利要求 1] 一种保护电路, 其特征在于, 包括: 限流单元, 用于接入电源信号, 并在所述电源信号的电流在预设值以 下时将所述电源信号在输出端输出; 防倒灌单元, 连接在所述限流单元的输出端的负载之间, 所述防倒灌 单元用于将所述电源信号单向传输到所述负载; 泄放单元, 连接在所述防倒灌单元的输出端和所述负载之间的供电传 输链路上, 所述泄放单元用于泄放所述供电传输链路上的电压尖峰。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的保护电路, 其特征在于, 所述限流单元以及所 述供电传输链路与自恢复保险丝解耦。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的保护电路, 其特征在于, 所述限流单元包括一 控制模块和与所述控制模块连接的限流模块, 所述限流模块用于接入 所述电源信号, 所述控制模块用于根据表示所述电源信号的电流是否 超过预设值的电流监测信号控制所述限流模块的输出或关断输出所述 电源信号。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 3所述的保护电路, 其特征在于, 所述控制模块包括一 控制芯片, 所述控制芯片具有与所述限流模块连接的电流监测管脚和 用于控制所述限流模块输出或关断输出所述电源信号的使能管脚, 所 述控制芯片根据所述电流监测管脚接收的所述电流监测信号的电平状 态控制所述使能管脚的电平状态。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 4所述的保护电路, 其特征在于, 所述限流模块包括一 限流芯片和第一电阻, 所述限流芯片具有用于接入所述电源信号的输 入管脚, 以及与所述第一电阻连接、 用于调节所述电流的预设值的可 编程限流引脚, 以及用于输出所述电流监测信号的电流反馈管脚, 以 及用于与所述控制芯片的使能管脚连接的使能控制管脚, 以及用于输 出所述电源信号的输出管脚。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1所述的保护电路, 其特征在于, 所述防倒灌单元包括 二极管, 所述二极管的正极与所述限流单元的输出端链接, 负极与所 述负载连接。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的保护电路, 其特征在于, 所述泄放单 元包括一电压检测单元和一常开的泄放支路, 所述电压检测单元的用 于检测所述供电传输链路的电压, 在电压超过阈值时, 控制所述泄放 支路导通以泄放所述供电传输链路的上的电压尖峰。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 7所述的保护电路, 其特征在于, 所述电压检测单元包 括分压网络和比较器单元, 所述分压网络的一端与所述防倒灌单元的 输出端连接, 所述分压网络的分压输出端与所述比较器单元连接, 所 述比较器单元将所述分压网络输出的分压信号与基准电压比较, 并输 出比较结果控制所述泄放支路通断。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 8所述的保护电路, 其特征在于, 所述泄放支路包括串 联在所述防倒灌单元的输出端和地之间的导电开关和泄放电阻, 所述 导电开关的控制端与所述比较器单元的输出端连接。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 9所述的保护电路, 其特征在于, 所述导电开关包括半 导体开关、 电磁式导电开关或开关集成电路。
[权利要求 11] 一种硬盘设备的电源系统, 其特征在于, 包括: 电压变换电路, 电压变换电路, 用于接入输入电源, 并将该输入电源 进行电压变换后输出电源信号; 以及 如权利要求 1至 10任一项所述的保护电路, 所述保护电路连接在所述 电压变换电路连接与所述硬盘设备的电源端之间。
[权利要求 12] 根据权利要求 11所述的硬盘设备的电源系统, 其特征在于, 所述电压 变换电路包括: 升降压变换模块, 用于接入所述输入电源, 并将该输入电源进行电压 变换为所述电源信号; 降压模块, 与所述升降压变换模块连接, 所述降压模块用于将所述电 源信号降压后输出。
[权利要求 13] 根据权利要求 12所述的硬盘设备的电源系统, 其特征在于, 所述升降 压变换模块包括 Buck-Boost变换器。 [权利要求 14] 根据权利要求 12所述的硬盘设备的电源系统, 其特征在于, 所述降压 模块包括 Buck变换器。
[权利要求 15] —种车载设备, 包括硬盘设备, 其特征在于, 还包括如权利要求 1至 1
0任一项所述的保护电路, 或者如权利要求 11至 14任一项所述的硬盘 设备的电源系统。
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