WO2021254902A1 - Procédé et installation de préparation de béton - Google Patents

Procédé et installation de préparation de béton Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021254902A1
WO2021254902A1 PCT/EP2021/065781 EP2021065781W WO2021254902A1 WO 2021254902 A1 WO2021254902 A1 WO 2021254902A1 EP 2021065781 W EP2021065781 W EP 2021065781W WO 2021254902 A1 WO2021254902 A1 WO 2021254902A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
concrete
grain size
fraction
sand
plant
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Ceased
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PCT/EP2021/065781
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German (de)
English (en)
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Hans-Jörg Fischer
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for processing concrete of a building, with concrete being sorted out from a total demolition material of a demolished building, the sorted concrete being broken up in a crushing plant, so that a concrete break-up results, the concrete break-up into several fractions is separated with different grain size ranges and, depending on the grain size range of the concrete break-up, this is at least partially reused for the production of concrete.
  • the invention also relates to a plant for processing concrete of a building according to the above-mentioned method, the plant comprising: a crushing plant for breaking up concrete that was previously sorted out of a total of demolition material (42) of a demolished building (31) so that a concrete break-up results, and a separation stage to separate the broken up concrete into several fractions with different grain sizes.
  • cement is used as a binding agent in building materials. If you mix it with water, sand and an aggregate (e.g. gravel or chippings), you get concrete. On the other hand, if you leave out the aggregate and add only water and sand, then mortar is created.
  • an aggregate e.g. gravel or chippings
  • the conventional process for the production of concrete in a concrete plant provides that cement, sand and aggregates are mixed with water and a so-called fresh concrete or ready-mixed concrete is produced.
  • the ready-mixed concrete is driven to a construction site and processed there, e.g. to erect structures, e.g. in the form of residential buildings or structures from the areas of infrastructure, industry, transport, etc.
  • the concrete is sorted out of the total demolition material. This usually takes place on site at the demolition site, for example by means of an excavator or other suitable device. Furthermore, a. the sorted out concrete material either on site at the point of origin with a conventional crushing plant to a grain size of e.g. 0-45 mm or 0-63 mm and directly, ie without sieving and separating into fractions of different grain sizes, back on the construction site as a ballast substitute used, or b. the concrete material is driven to concrete recycling sites, where it is also broken with a conventional crushing plant and then divided into fractions of different grain sizes by means of a screening plant.
  • the concrete material is separated into fractions of a) 0-8 mm, b) 8-22 mm, and c) 22-45 mm.
  • Only the so-called concrete recycling split with a grain size of 8-22 mm can be reused for the production of concrete and replaces ballast material or natural chippings in the production of fresh concrete in concrete plants.
  • the remaining broken up material with a grain size of 22-45 mm is used either in road construction as a ballast substitute or on construction sites as work space backfilling.
  • the Material with a grain size of 0-8 mm is used as backfilling material for pipelines or disposed of in landfills.
  • the well-known production of concrete and the limited possibilities for reusing concrete demolition in concrete production mean that concrete is not considered environmentally friendly, especially with regard to the carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) emissions that occur during cement production .
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of making concrete production more environmentally friendly and less expensive, in particular to improve the CCV balance of concrete.
  • a processing method for concrete with the characteristics of claim 1 is proposed. Based on the processing method of the type mentioned at the beginning, it is proposed in particular that the concrete sorted out of the total demolition material in a processing plant in material with a grain size between 0 and ⁇ 40 mm, preferably between 0 and ⁇ 35 mm, particularly preferably between 0 and 32 mm, broken and separated into a rock fraction, a concrete-sand fraction and a dust fraction, the dust fraction having a grain size of ⁇ 0.063 mm, the concrete-sand fraction a grain size of 0.063 mm to 4 mm and the rock fraction a grain size of > 4 mm and at least one of the parts can be reused for the production of fresh concrete.
  • the processing plant preferably comprises a further crushing stage, which breaks the concrete material (with a grain size of 0-45 mm or 0-63 mm) to a finer grain size, e.g. to 0 to ⁇ 40 mm, in particular to 0 up to ⁇ 35 mm, preferably to 0 to 32 mm. All or part of the material from the crushing plant is fed into the further crushing stage of the processing plant.
  • the concrete material sorted out of the total demolition material in the crushing plant immediately to the finer grain size e.g. to 0 to ⁇ 40 mm, in particular to 0 to ⁇ 35 mm, preferably to 0 to 32 mm, is broken up. This would only require a modification of the crushing plant; the further crushing stage of the processing plant could be dispensed with.
  • the concrete material broken up further to the finer grain size is then separated into fractions of different grain size ranges in a separation stage of the processing plant.
  • the entire further broken up concrete material is preferably divided into at least three fractions with different grain size ranges.
  • the further broken up concrete material is particularly preferred in a) a dust fraction, b) a concrete-sand fraction with a grain size of preferably ⁇ 0 to 4 mm, and c) a rock fraction with a grain size of preferably 4 to ⁇ 40 mm, in particular 4 to ⁇ 35 mm, preferably 4 to 32 mm, separated.
  • the dust preferably has a grain size of ⁇ 0.063 mm.
  • the concrete sand preferably has a grain size of 0.063 to 4 mm.
  • the fractionated concrete material obtained in this way can be reused in whole or in part for the production of concrete and does not have to be used for road construction or on construction sites or disposed of in landfills.
  • the various fractions roughly correspond to the components that are required for conventional production of fresh concrete of the type described above, except that the recycled components obtained from the concrete material are used instead of new natural aggregates.
  • the dust content can be reused in different ways:
  • the dust content can be mixed into the fresh concrete as an additive. For example, ⁇ 5% of the dust content can then be added directly to the fresh concrete. This addition can take place, for example, directly in the concrete plant.
  • the dust content improves the workability, for example suppleness, of the fresh concrete.
  • the dust content can be added to the limestone.
  • the crushed limestone can then be burned together with the dust fraction.
  • the dust fraction is mixed with the crushed limestone and the mixed fraction is fed into the furnace.
  • the comminuted limestone and the dust fraction are added to the furnace at different times and / or locations.
  • the dust fraction makes up a mass fraction of ⁇ 30% by weight of the total fraction of the material introduced into the furnace. Accordingly, it can be provided, for example, that the crushed limestone makes up a mass fraction of> 70% by weight of the total.
  • the limestone and the dust fraction are burned in the kiln, which increases the hydraulic activity of both the dust fraction and the limestone to form an effective cement clinker.
  • the different fractions (stone share, concrete-sand share, dust share) with the three different grain sizes can preferably be reused 100% for the production of fresh concrete.
  • the rock material with a grain size of about 4 to ⁇ 40 mm replaces the corresponding natural material (gravel or chippings) from quarries or gravel works.
  • the concrete sand with a grain size of> 0 to 4 mm replaces natural sand from sand pits or crushed sand from crushed stone works.
  • the dust component replaces filler in fresh concrete and / or can be used in cement production (see above).
  • Filler are a subgroup of rock flour. They are among the almost inactive substances and have a filler effect in the grain structure of the concrete. Filler are mineral substances with a grain size of usually ⁇ 0.125 mm, preferably ⁇ 0.0625 mm, which are obtained from rocks such as lime, quartzitic sandstone or porphyry. If rock powder is used to fill asphalt, concrete components or ready-mixed concrete, we speak of fillers in accordance with DIN EN 13043 or DIN EN 12620. Rock powder as cement filler in accordance with DIN EN 12620 is used as a concrete additive. Rock powder has a predominantly physical effect in concrete (e.g. to achieve a filler effect in the grain structure of the concrete) and influence, in particular improve, the processing behavior of the concrete, among other things.
  • cement stone is separated from the filler grain of the concrete and the dust component includes the cement stone.
  • the cement stone is advantageously separated from the filler grain of the concrete in a roller mill, in particular a vertical roller mill. After the cement paste has been separated from the filler grain, the cement paste is fine-grained to dust-like (both are referred to as dust in the context of the present patent application) with a large reactive surface.
  • Cement glue envelops the stone grains, fills the flea spaces and makes the fresh concrete workable.
  • the hardening of the cement paste creates the cement stone in the hardened concrete.
  • the composition of the cement paste has a great influence on the physical properties of the hardened concrete.
  • coarse grain and fine grain deviate from the spherical shape and the coarse grains and fine grains each have different sizes from one another, so that the fine grain is preferably not larger than about 1/7 of the average coarse grain diameter.
  • Aggregates for concrete are standardized in DIN EN 12620.
  • the cement stone but also the concrete sand contain calcium oxide CaO which has not yet been further oxidized, e.g. in the form of calcium silicate flydrates (CaO S1O2), calcium aluminate flydrates (CaO AI 2 O 3 ) and / or calcium / iron oxide flydrates (CaO Fe 2 03).
  • CaO S1O2 calcium silicate flydrates
  • CaO AI 2 O 3 calcium aluminate flydrates
  • CaO Fe 2 03 calcium / iron oxide flydrates
  • the main component of the raw material mixture for cement production is calcium carbonate or lime (CaCOs).
  • the calcium carbonate content of the mixture for the production of cement should be at least 76-78% by mass.
  • the dust fraction is treated with carbon dioxide, with calcium oxide contained in the dust fraction increasing with the carbon dioxide Lime reacts.
  • the concrete-sand portion is also exposed to carbon dioxide during the preparation stage, in which case the concrete-sand portion The calcium oxide contained in it reacts with the carbon dioxide to form lime.
  • the calcium oxide (CaO) contained in the separated and severely crushed cement stone is able to absorb carbon dioxide (CO2).
  • CO2 can be taken from the ambient air or it can also be added in a targeted manner.
  • the calcium oxide reacts to form lime (CaC0 3 ).
  • the lime is a natural Ca compound and is then available for the further process of cement production.
  • the concrete-to-concrete process described above and the binding of CO2 in a stable natural CaC03 compound serve to avoid waste and improve the C0 2 balance of the concrete.
  • the reduction in CO 2 emissions is achieved through short transport routes, through a reduction in the amount of new cement required and through the binding of CO2 emitted, especially from the air.
  • a processing plant for concrete with the features of claim 9 is proposed to solve the above-mentioned object.
  • the processing plant have a further crushing stage for breaking the concrete sorted out of the total demolition material into material with a grain size between 0 and ⁇ 40 mm, preferably between 0 and ⁇ 35 mm, particularly preferably between 0 and 32 mm, and the separation stage separates the material from the further crushing stage into a rock fraction, a concrete-sand fraction and a dust fraction, the dust fraction having a grain size of ⁇ 0.063 mm, the concrete-sand fraction a grain size of 0.063 to 4 mm and the rock content has a grain size of> 4 mm.
  • the processing plant is formed to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • the processing plant separates the cement stone from the filler grain of the concrete when the broken-up concrete is broken down into material with a grain size between 0 and ⁇ 40 mm, and the dust component includes the cement stone.
  • the cement paste is preferably separated from the filler grain in a roller mill, especially in a vertical roller mill, which is part of the processing plant.
  • the processing plant acts on the dust portion or the cement stone and / or the concrete-sand portion with carbon dioxide, whereby in the dust portion or the cement stone and / or in the concrete
  • the calcium oxide contained in the sand reacts with the carbon dioxide to form lime.
  • the processing plant preferably has at least one CCV receiving unit for the application of the dust component and / or the concrete-sand component with carbon dioxide.
  • This is preferably a closed system in which the dust or concrete sand produced in the processing plant can absorb CO2, so that a stable natural Ca compound (CaCOs) is created.
  • the exposure of the dust content and the concrete sand with CO2 in the at least one CCV intake unit is preferably carried out at ambient pressure (approx.
  • reaction temperature eg> 30 ° C
  • the dust or sand can absorb a larger amount of CO2. It is also conceivable to mix the dust component and / or the sand during the CCV absorption in order to be able to provide a reactive surface over a longer period of time, so that the dust component or the concrete sand has a larger amount Can absorb CO2.
  • the dust content and the sand can be acted upon with CO2 in separate C0 2 absorption units or in a common C0 2 absorption unit.
  • 1 shows a cycle for concrete production and recycling comprising the method according to the invention for concrete preparation.
  • 2 shows a mind map of a method known from the prior art for preparing concrete;
  • Fig. 3 is a mind map of a method according to the invention for processing concrete.
  • a known process for the filling of concrete in a concrete plant 1 provides that cement 10, sand and aggregates 11 are mixed with water 12 and a so-called transport or fresh concrete is produced.
  • the quantities given in FIG. 2 are only exemplary, but can give an indication of the proportions of the various components for the production of fresh concrete.
  • the concrete usually also comprises a small amount of lime (CaCOs) 13.
  • CaCOs lime
  • the ready-mixed concrete is transported to a construction site 3.
  • a concrete mixer 2, a pipe system or the like can be used to transport the concrete.
  • the concrete is processed, e.g. to erect structures 31 above and below ground, including e.g. residential / administrative / office buildings, structures in the area of transport (e.g.
  • infrastructure buildings e.g. sewers, sewage treatment systems, noise barriers, schools, universities, hospitals
  • erecting or manufacturing parts thereof e.g. revolving restaurant, concrete sleepers, track bed, etc.
  • the concrete is broken up preferably with a grain size of 0-45 mm or 0- 63 mm in a processing plant 6 in material with a grain size between 0 and ⁇ 40 mm, preferably between 0 and ⁇ 35 mm, particularly preferably between 0 and 32 mm, broken down into a rock grain fraction 60, a concrete-sand fraction 61 and a Dust fraction 62 subdivided.
  • the processing plant 6 is designed to carry out the method according to the invention.
  • the aggregate fraction 60 preferably has a grain size in a range from approximately 4 to 32 mm and the concrete-sand fraction 61 has a grain size in a range from preferably> 0 to approximately 4 mm.
  • the grain size ranges of the aggregate fraction 60 and the concrete-sand fraction 61 preferably do not overlap (up to about 4 mm: concrete-sand fraction 61 and above: aggregate fraction 60).
  • the dust fraction 62 preferably has a grain size of ⁇ 0.25 mm, preferably ⁇ 0.125 mm, particularly preferably ⁇ 0.063 mm, the concrete-sand fraction 61 has a grain size of 0.063 mm to 4 mm and the rock fraction 60 has a grain size of> 4 mm.
  • the further breaking up of the concrete material sorted out at the breaking point 4 and broken up to a grain size of 0-45 mm or 0-63 mm in the crushing plant 5 takes place to a grain size in the range of 0- ⁇ 40 mm in a further breaking stage, the Part of the processing plant 6 is.
  • the further crushing stage preferably comprises a roller mill 67, in particular a vertical roller mill.
  • Roll mills are known per se from the prior art, for example WO 2020/042679 A1, but not for use in the field of concrete recycling. With regard to the construction and operation of the roller mill, express reference is made to this publication, which is hereby also made the subject of the present application.
  • the concrete material can be broken up particularly well and in a manner that is gentle on the machine.
  • the crushing system 5 is modified in such a way that it breaks up the concrete material sorted out at the breaking point 4 in a single step to a grain size of 0 to ⁇ 40 mm.
  • the modified crushing plant 5 would be part of the processing plant 6 according to the invention.
  • a separation stage 66 can be provided, which is also part of the processing plant 6.
  • the components 60, 61, 62 roughly correspond to the components that are required for conventional concrete production of the type described above in the concrete plant 1, except that the recycled components 60, 61, 62 obtained from the concrete material are used instead of new natural aggregates.
  • the dust portion 62 comprises the ground cement stone, which can be reused, for example, as a filler (cement filler) for the production of fresh concrete in the concrete plant 1 (70 in FIG. 3).
  • cement paste envelops the rock grains (filler grain or coarse grain), fills the flea spaces and makes the fresh concrete workable.
  • the hardening of the cement paste creates cement stone.
  • the composition of the cement paste has a great influence on the physical properties of the hardened concrete. After the cement paste has been separated from the filler grain of the concrete, the cement paste is fine-grained to dusty with a large reactive surface.
  • the cement stone or the dust component 62 and / or the concrete-sand component 61 contain calcium oxide CaO which has not yet been further oxidized in the form of calcium silicate flydrates (CaO S1O2), calcium aluminate flydrates (CaO AI2O3), calcium / iron oxide Flydraten (CaO Fe 2 Os) and / or other calcium oxide compounds.
  • CaO S1O2 calcium silicate flydrates
  • CaO AI2O3 calcium aluminate flydrates
  • CaO Fe 2 Os calcium / iron oxide Flydraten
  • the main component of the raw material mixture for cement production is lime (calcium carbonate: CaCOs).
  • the calcium carbonate content of the mixture for cementing should be at least 76-78% by mass.
  • the processing plant 6 can have a CO 2 pick-up unit 64 (cf. FIG. 1).
  • a CO 2 receiving unit 65 for loading the concrete-sand portion 61 with Carbon dioxide CO2 is provided (see. Fig. 1).
  • the CO2 absorption units 64, 65 are each preferably a closed system in which the dust portion 62 and / or concrete sand 61 generated in the processing stage 6 absorb CO2, so that a stable natural Ca compound ( e.g. CaC0 3 ) arises.
  • the exposure of the dust portion 62 and / or the sand 61 with CO2 takes place preferably at ambient pressure (approx. 1,013.25 hPa +/- 30 hPa) and at ambient temperature (approx. 15 ° C +/- 15 ° C).
  • ambient pressure approximately 10.03.25 hPa +/- 30 hPa
  • ambient temperature approximately 15 ° C +/- 15 ° C
  • the calcium oxide CaO contained in the separated and heavily comminuted cement stone (dust component 62) is able to absorb further carbon dioxide CO2, for example from the air. During this carbonation of the dust component 62, the calcium oxide reacts to form lime.
  • the lime CaC0 3 is a natural Ca compound and is then available for the further process of concrete / cement production.
  • the ground dust portion 62 replaces part of the newly produced cement (70 in Fig. 3) or can be used as Filler can be used in fresh concrete. As a result, less new cement is required in cement production and less CO2 is released (72 in Fig. 3).
  • the concrete-to-concrete method described above are used to avoid waste and to reduce the C0 2 emission shown in FIG. 1 as well as the binding of CO2 in a stable natural CaC03 connection.
  • the reduction in CO 2 emissions is achieved through short transport routes, by reducing the amount of new cement required and by binding the CO2 emitted.
  • the material fractions (rock 60, concrete-sand 61, (dust fraction 62) 62) with the three different grain sizes that have been crushed to a grain size of 0 to ⁇ 40 mm from the concrete demolition and then separated can advantageously be 100% reintegrated Concrete plant / cement plant 1 and used there for the production of new concrete.
  • the dust component replaces cement and other additives that are added during the production of concrete.
  • the concrete-sand component 61 with a grain size of> 0 to 4 mm replaces natural sand from sand pits or crushed sand from gravel works.
  • the rock fraction 60 with a grain size of> 4 mm replaces the corresponding natural material from quarries or gravel works. This guarantees 100% recycling of the entire concrete break-up.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et une installation (6) pour préparer le béton d'une construction (31). Selon l'invention, le béton est trié parmi l'ensemble des matériaux de démolition (42) d'une construction (31) démolie, le béton trié est broyé dans une installation de broyage (5), de manière à former des débris de béton, les débris de béton sont séparés en fractions présentant différentes plages granulométriques, et en fonction de la granulométrie des débris de béton, ceux-ci sont au moins partiellement recyclés pour produire du béton. Selon l'invention, le béton trié dans l'ensemble des matériaux de démolition (42) est broyé dans une installation de préparation (6) de manière à obtenir un matériau présentant une granulométrie comprise entre 0 et <40 mm, de préférence entre 0 et <35 mm, de préférence encore entre 0 et 32 mm et séparé en une partie roches (60), une partie béton-sable (61) et une partie poussière (62), la partie poussière (62) présentant une granulométrie <0,063 mm, la partie béton-sable (61) présentant une granulométrie comprise entre 0,063 mm et 4 mm et la partie roches (60) présentant une granulométrie > 4 mm, toutes ces parties (60, 61, 62) étant recyclées pour produire du béton frais.
PCT/EP2021/065781 2020-06-16 2021-06-11 Procédé et installation de préparation de béton Ceased WO2021254902A1 (fr)

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DE102020115873.4A DE102020115873A1 (de) 2020-06-16 2020-06-16 Verfahren und Anlage für Betonaufbereitung
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DE102022117825A1 (de) * 2022-07-17 2024-01-18 Gesellschaft für innovative und nachhaltige Lösungen im Bauwesen UG (haftungsbeschränkt) Verfahren zur Anwendung von definierten anorganischen feinsten festen Partikeln
FI131504B1 (fi) * 2022-09-16 2025-05-27 Trifami 3D Oy Menetelmä 3D-tulostukseen soveltuvan märkäbetonin valmistamiseksi ja märkäbetonin käyttö talonrakennuksessa käytettyjen elementtien 3D-tulostamiseksi tai rakennuksen seinämien 3D-tulostamiseksi
EP4587405A1 (fr) * 2022-09-16 2025-07-23 Trifami 3D Oy Procédé de production de béton humide applicable à la fabrication d'éléments extérieurs structuraux ou d'éléments intérieurs structuraux
DE102023118181A1 (de) 2023-07-10 2025-01-16 PST Spezialtiefbau Süd GmbH Spezialtiefbau-Betoniertechnik für Bauvorhaben in Ballungsräumen
NL2037199B1 (en) * 2024-03-07 2025-09-15 C2Ca Tech B V Method for obtaining a cement constituent from a concrete element

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FR3081863A1 (fr) * 2018-05-31 2019-12-06 Sarl Poullard Procede de recyclage de beton de demolition
WO2020042679A1 (fr) 2018-08-31 2020-03-05 江苏鹏飞集团股份有限公司 Broyeur de ciment à cylindres vertical, à plusieurs cylindres, ayant des cylindres de broyage alternativement au repos

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DE102018123115A1 (de) 2018-09-20 2020-03-26 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren und Anlage zum Aufbereiten von Material, das Zementstein enthält

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FR3081863A1 (fr) * 2018-05-31 2019-12-06 Sarl Poullard Procede de recyclage de beton de demolition
WO2020042679A1 (fr) 2018-08-31 2020-03-05 江苏鹏飞集团股份有限公司 Broyeur de ciment à cylindres vertical, à plusieurs cylindres, ayant des cylindres de broyage alternativement au repos

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