WO2022000237A1 - 一种复合板基材、复合板基材制备方法和装饰板 - Google Patents

一种复合板基材、复合板基材制备方法和装饰板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022000237A1
WO2022000237A1 PCT/CN2020/099148 CN2020099148W WO2022000237A1 WO 2022000237 A1 WO2022000237 A1 WO 2022000237A1 CN 2020099148 W CN2020099148 W CN 2020099148W WO 2022000237 A1 WO2022000237 A1 WO 2022000237A1
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Prior art keywords
fiber
fibers
composite board
base material
substrate
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2020/099148
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黎国平
吴斌
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Jiangsu Langyue New Materials Technology Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Langyue New Materials Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/099148 priority Critical patent/WO2022000237A1/zh
Publication of WO2022000237A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022000237A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/02—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/067—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/02—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board the layer being formed of fibres, chips, or particles, e.g. MDF, HDF, OSB, chipboard, particle board, hardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/10—Next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/02—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/02—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C08K13/04—Ingredients characterised by their shape and organic or inorganic ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/06—Elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/14—Glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethylene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08L23/12—Polypropene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of composite panels, in particular to a composite panel substrate, a method for preparing a composite panel substrate, and a decorative panel.
  • the physical and mechanical properties of the substrate are extremely important for the application of the composite board.
  • glass magnesium board substrate is the most common.
  • Chinese patent CN101871246B discloses a glass magnesium board, which is composed of a molding agent, a reinforcing material, a lightweight filler, a modifier and water. Although it improves the comprehensive performance of the glass magnesium board substrate to a certain extent, it contains The free chloride ions existing in the glass magnesium board substrate of magnesium chloride are difficult to control, which will cause poor water resistance and obvious warpage deformation. At the same time, it is easy to absorb moisture and return to halogen. In a humid environment, water droplets will appear on the surface of the object. In some cases, after getting wet, the object will crack and finally fall off slowly.
  • Chinese invention patent application CN110746174A discloses a class A fireproof mineral board and its preparation method: 2-15 parts of magnesium sulfate and 2-20 parts of water are mixed to make a magnesium sulfate solution, and 10-90 parts of magnesium sulfate are mixed. Parts of plant fibers or granules are mixed with 5-66 parts of magnesium oxide, 0-30 parts of other fillers and 0.1-5 parts of modifiers, and then mixed with magnesium sulfate solution evenly, and then through mold laying, cold pressing and curing. A grade A fireproof mineral board was obtained.
  • the toughness of this kind of mineral plate itself is poor, and it is very easy to crack after bending, and the maximum internal bonding strength of the glass magnesium plate substrate disclosed in the above patent application can only reach 1.5N/mm 2 , and the strength still needs to be improved. Therefore, the present application provides a novel substrate with good toughness and high strength.
  • one of the purposes of the present application is to provide a composite board substrate, which has the advantages of good toughness and high strength.
  • the second purpose of the present application is to provide a method for preparing a composite board base material, and the composite board base material prepared by this method has the advantages of good toughness and high strength.
  • the third purpose of the present application is to provide a decorative board, which has the advantages of good toughness, high strength, and not easy to crack.
  • a composite board base material is made by hot pressing of the following raw materials by mass percentage,
  • the filler fiber is a mixture of one or more of PET fiber, PE fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber and wood fiber.
  • the present application does not need to use magnesium oxysulfide gel material, so there is no problem of moisture absorption and halogen return.
  • the composite board substrate of the present application is hot-pressed with polypropylene fibers and filler fibers (the filler fibers are a mixture of one or more of PET fibers, PE fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers and wood fibers) as the main raw materials.
  • the fibers are intertwined/entangled with each other. On the one hand, it can form an exhaust channel, which is conducive to air discharge and reduces the pores in the middle layer.
  • the entangled fibers make the substrate have high internal bonding strength and excellent toughness. Not easy to crack.
  • the base material prepared according to the above raw material ratio has the advantages of good toughness and high internal bonding strength.
  • the length of the filler fibers is 3-200 mm.
  • each component is easier to disperse uniformly, and the obtained substrate has good dimensional stability and high internal bonding strength.
  • the moisture content of the wood fiber is less than 8%.
  • the pores caused by the vaporization of water in the wood fiber are reduced, which is beneficial to improve the bonding strength in the base material and improve the anti-cracking performance of the base material.
  • the filling fibers are mixed from PET fibers, PE fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers and wood fibers in a mass ratio of 1:(0.5-1):(0.5-1):(0.5-1).
  • the overall performance of the base material prepared by adding the above-mentioned filling fibers is better.
  • the wood fiber is pine fiber, hemp fiber, poplar fiber, basswood fiber, birch fiber, ash fiber, beech fiber, color wood maple fiber, eucalyptus fiber, fir fiber, cedar fiber, oak fiber , a mixture of one or more of camphor wood fiber and bamboo fiber.
  • the flame retardant is a halogen-free flame retardant.
  • the substrate has good flame retardant performance, and is more environmentally friendly than halogen-containing flame retardants.
  • the flame retardant is magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide or a mixture of the two.
  • the substrate have good flame retardancy, but also some magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide are decomposed by heat during the hot pressing process of the substrate to release bound water, absorb a large amount of latent heat, and reduce polypropylene
  • the pyrolysis of the molecular chains of fibers, PET fibers and PE fibers during the hot pressing process is beneficial to improve the strength of the substrate.
  • the inorganic filler is calcium carbonate, fly ash, bentonite or clay.
  • the dimensional stability of the base material is improved, so that the base material is not easy to shrink and deform.
  • calcium carbonate is added as an inorganic filler, it can decompose and release carbon dioxide under high temperature conditions, and also has the effect of improving the flame retardant performance of the substrate in synergy with the flame retardant.
  • a preparation method of a composite board base material comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 mixing inorganic filler, filler fiber and coupling agent to obtain mixed filler;
  • Step 2 blending the mixed filler with polypropylene fibers to obtain a blend
  • Step 3 paving the blended material into a strip shape and then pressing and forming, and then cutting it into a sheet shape to obtain a tablet;
  • Step 4 After stacking the multi-layer webs, hot-press for 5-30min at a temperature of 165-250°C and a pressure of 5-20MPa, and cool to obtain a semi-finished product of the base material;
  • Step 5 Trimming the semi-finished product of the base material, and sanding it into a finished base material.
  • the inorganic filler, filler fiber, coupling agent and polypropylene fiber are mixed step by step, and then pressed into a sheet-like material, at this time, a flat mesh has been initially formed by the polypropylene fiber and the filler fiber.
  • the multi-layer sheet materials are stacked, and the fiber materials also form a spatial three-dimensional network structure, which retains enough exhaust channels, and the fibers are entangled with each other.
  • the semi-finished base material is obtained by bonding, shaping and cooling, and finally the finished base material is obtained by trimming and sanding.
  • the obtained base material has the advantages of good dimensional stability and high tenon-groove strength.
  • the thickness of the sheet is controlled in the range of 1-20mm, which can be selected according to the actual processed products.
  • a decorative board comprising a base material and a decorative layer, the base material is made by hot pressing of the following raw materials by mass percentage,
  • the filling fiber is a mixture of one or more of PET fiber, PE fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber and wood fiber;
  • the decorative layer is a melamine-dipped paper layer, an HPL layer or a PP decorative surface layer.
  • the decorative board has high dimensional stability, good flexibility and high internal bonding strength, and it is not easy to cause the decorative board to be cracked and scrapped when the edge of the decorative board is opened with a groove or milled out of a buckle.
  • melamine impregnated paper layer also known as melamine paper
  • HPL High-pressure Laminate
  • thermosetting resin impregnated paper high pressure laminate has good fire resistance, rich colors and textures
  • the surface layer can be PP transparent material, PP printing film, etc.
  • the decorative surface layer in this application can be selected according to actual needs, and decorative boards with different decorative effects or styles can be obtained.
  • the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
  • the base material of this application does not need to use magnesium oxysulfide gel material, so there is no problem of moisture absorption and halogen return; at the same time, the composite board base material of this application is made of polypropylene fiber. and filling fiber (the filling fiber is a mixture of one or more of PET fiber, PE fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber and wood fiber) as the main raw material and is made by hot pressing, and the fibers are interlaced/entangled with each other. The formation of exhaust channels is conducive to air discharge and reduces the pores in the middle layer. On the other hand, the entangled fibers make the substrate have a high internal bonding strength and are not easy to crack;
  • the inorganic filler, filler fiber, coupling agent and polypropylene fiber are mixed step by step, and then pressed into a sheet-like material.
  • the plane formed by the polypropylene fiber and the filler fiber has been initially formed.
  • the multi-layer sheet material is laminated, and the fiber material also forms a spatial three-dimensional network structure to retain enough exhaust channels.
  • the fibers are entangled with each other. After hot pressing, the air can be quickly exhausted to reduce the pores and make the fibers
  • the materials are bonded to each other and shaped, cooled to obtain the semi-finished base material, and finally the finished base material is obtained by trimming and sanding.
  • the obtained base material has the advantages of good dimensional stability, good flexibility and high internal bonding strength;
  • Examples 1-6 all relate to a composite board base material, which is made from the raw materials in the proportions shown in Table 1 through hot pressing.
  • Table 2-2 Composition ratio table of filled fibers in Examples 1-6 (by weight)
  • wood fibers are selected from pine fibers, hemp fibers, poplar fibers, basswood fibers, birch fibers, ash fibers, beech fibers, maple fibers, eucalyptus fibers, fir fibers, and cypress fibers with a moisture content of less than 8%.
  • tussah fiber, camphor fiber, bamboo fiber in one or more of the mixtures can be, embodiment 4 and embodiment 6 selected are all bamboo fiber.
  • magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, titanate coupling agent, silane coupling agent and calcium carbonate used in Examples 1-6 were all purchased through commercial channels, and the specific specifications are shown in Table 3.
  • Examples 1-6 The preparation methods of Examples 1-6 are basically the same, and the only difference is that the process parameters of the hot pressing step are different.
  • the preparation process steps of the composite board substrate are as follows:
  • Step 1 Weigh each raw material according to the proportioning in Table 1, first mix the weighed calcium carbonate, filler fiber and coupling agent to obtain mixed filler;
  • Step 2 blending the mixed filler with polypropylene fibers to obtain a blend
  • Step 3 After paving the blended material into a strip shape, press it with a calendering roller, and then cut it into a sheet shape to obtain a tablet;
  • Step 4 After stacking the multi-layer material sheets, enter the hot press for 5-30min under the conditions of temperature 165-250°C and pressure 5-20MPa, and cool to obtain semi-finished base material;
  • Step 5 Trimming the semi-finished product of the base material, and sanding it into a finished base material.
  • Table 4 shows the hot pressing process parameters of the preparation process of the composite board base material in Examples 1-6.
  • Hot pressing process parameters Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Hot pressing temperature/°C 165 195 220 250 200 180 Hot pressing pressure/MPa 20 15 10 5 13 12.5 Hot pressing time/min 5 13.5 18 30 15 17.5
  • Examples 7-12 are all based on Example 6, and differ from Example 6 only in that the composition of the filling fibers is different.
  • Table 5 shows the composition of the filled fibers in specific examples 7-12.
  • Example 6 Weigh each raw material according to the ratio of Example 6, directly mix each raw material, then spread it into a mold, press with a hot press for 17.5 min at 180 ° C and 12.5 MPa pressure, cool down and demould to obtain a semi-finished product of the substrate , and then trimming and sanding to obtain the finished substrate.
  • Example 6 The only difference from Example 6 is that the filler fibers are replaced by the same amount of polypropylene fibers.
  • Example 6 The only difference from Example 6 is that the calcium carbonate is replaced by the same amount of polypropylene fibers.
  • Example 6 The difference from Example 6 is that the blending amount of polypropylene fibers is 50%, the blending amount of filler fibers is 40%, and the blending amounts of other components are unchanged.
  • Example 1-13 and Comparative Example 1-3 were determined, and the test results were recorded as shown in Table 6.
  • a sample with a width of 5mm is wound on a ⁇ 4mm polished round bar continuously and tightly for 10 turns at a speed of 1r/s.
  • the tension on the sample during winding is just enough to make the sample contact the round bar. Avoid testing during winding.
  • the sample is stretched and twisted. After winding, use a 6x magnifying glass to check whether the sample is cracked, repeat the test ⁇ 10 times, and count the proportion of cracked samples (crack rate).
  • Example 1 Internal bond strength/MPa Static bending strength/MPa Cracking rate/%
  • Example 2 4.0 33 0
  • Example 3 4.2 35 0
  • Example 4 4.3 33 0
  • Example 5 3.9
  • Example 6 4.4 36 0
  • Example 7 4.2 34 0
  • Example 8 4.3 35 0
  • Example 9 4.3 35 0
  • Example 10 4.3 35 0
  • Example 11 4.2 33 0
  • Example 12 4.0 32 0
  • Example 13 4.3 34 0 Comparative Example 1 3.4 26 1.2 Comparative Example 2 3.2 28 0.7 Comparative Example 3 3.7 30 0.2
  • the internal bonding strength of the substrate of the present application is as high as 3.8-4.4MPa, and the static bending strength is as high as 32-36MPa, which has the characteristics of good strength.
  • the base material of the present application can be wound on a 4mm diameter round rod for 10 turns without visible cracking, and has excellent flexibility.
  • the bonding strength is higher and the flexibility is excellent in the substrate of the specific ratio of the present application.
  • Application Examples 14-16 all relate to a decorative board, which is based on the composite board substrate of Example 6, and includes a decorative layer, a non-woven layer, a substrate, a non-woven layer and a balance layer that are sequentially compounded. After laying each layer of material on the mold in sequence, it enters the hot press for 50-1800s under the conditions of 180-250°C and 8-20MPa pressure. Snaps can be milled out on the edge of the trim panel as required.
  • the decorative layer can be selected from melamine wear-resistant paper or melamine patterned paper impregnated with melamine-formaldehyde. In application examples 14-16, melamine patterned paper is selected; both non-woven layers are PP non-woven fabrics; balance layer The choice is melamine wear-resistant paper; the base material used is the composite board base material of Example 6.
  • Hot pressing process parameters Application example 14
  • Application example 15 Application example 16 Hot pressing temperature/°C 180 215 250 Hot pressing pressure/MPa 20 14 8 Hot pressing time/s 50 1200 1800
  • Application examples 17-19 all relate to a decorative board, which includes a base material and an HPL layer, and the base material and the HPL layer are formed by cold pressing two-component PU glue or PUR glue.
  • the substrates selected are all the composite board substrates of Example 6, the application examples 17-18 are all compounded by PU glue, and the application example 19 is compounded by PUR glue.
  • melamine wear-resistant paper, melamine patterned paper, non-woven fabric or kraft paper impregnated with phenolic glue is made into HPL by high-temperature hot pressing at 130-180°C and 10-20MPa for 15-90min; then, HPL is used with the substrate Two-component PU glue or PUR glue is cold-pressed and compounded, and the compounding pressure is 5-20MPa; after the glue is completely cured, the semi-finished product is obtained, and the decorative board is obtained by cutting and trimming. Snaps can be milled out on the edge of the trim panel as required.
  • HPL preparation process parameters and composite pressure parameters of Application Examples 17-19 are shown in Table 9.
  • Application examples 20-22 all relate to a decorative board, comprising a PP transparent material layer, a PP printing film layer and a base material layer arranged in sequence, wherein the base material layer is the composite board base material of Example 6.
  • Hot pressing process parameters Application example 20 Application example 21 Application example 22 Hot pressing temperature/°C 180 215 250 Hot pressing pressure/MPa 20 14 10 Hot pressing time/min 15 30 60

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Abstract

涉及一种复合板基材、复合板基材制备方法和装饰板，旨在提供一种柔韧性好、强度高的新型基材。复合板基材由聚丙烯纤维、填充纤维、阻燃剂、偶联剂、无机填充料经热压制成，填充纤维为PET纤维、PE纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维和木纤维中一种或多种；制备方法是：先将无机填充料、填充纤维、偶联剂混合；然后将混合填料与聚丙烯纤维共混；再将共混料铺装成带状后压制成型，分切得到料片；随后将多层料片层叠后，于温度165-250℃、压力5-20MPa条件下热压5-30min，冷却，得基材半成品；最后将基材半成品修边，砂光成基材成品。基材具有尺寸稳定、开榫强度高的优点，可与三聚氰胺浸胶纸层、HPL层或PP装饰面层复合制成不同的装饰板。

Description

一种复合板基材、复合板基材制备方法和装饰板 技术领域
本申请涉及复合板的技术领域，尤其是涉及一种复合板基材、复合板基材制备方法和装饰板。
背景技术
基材作为复合板的主体结构层，其物理机械性对复合板的应用极为重要。目前，在复合板领域生产领域，以玻镁板基材最为常见。
例如，中国专利CN101871246B公开了一种玻镁板，由成型剂、增强材料、轻质填料、改性剂和水组成，其虽然在一定程度上提升了玻镁板基材的综合性能，但含有氯化镁的玻镁板基材存在的游离氯离子难以控制，会出现耐水性差，翘曲变形比较明显的现象，同时易吸潮返卤，在潮湿的环境下，会出现在物体表面出现水珠的情况，受潮后，物体会出现裂缝、最后慢慢脱落。
为解决上述技术问题，中国发明专利申请CN110746174A公开一种A级防火矿物质板及其制备方法：将2-15份硫酸镁与2-20份的水混合制成硫酸镁溶液，将10-90份植物纤维或颗粒与5-66份氧化镁、0-30份其他填充料及0.1-5份改性剂混合后，再与硫酸镁溶液搅拌混合均匀，而后经过铺模、冷压固化和养护即制得A级防火矿物质板。
但是，这类矿物质板本身的韧性差，弯折后极容易开裂，且上述专利申请公开的玻镁板基材的内结合强度最高只能达到1.5N/mm 2，强度依然有待提升。为此，本申请提供一种韧性佳且强度高的新型基材。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本申请的目的之一是提供一种复合板基材，其具有韧性佳、强度高的优势。
本申请的目的之二是提供一种复合板基材制备方法，采用该方法制得的复合板基材具有韧性佳、强度高的优势。
本申请的目的之三是提供一种装饰板，其具有韧性佳、强度高、不易开裂的优势。
本申请的目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：
一种复合板基材，由按质量百分比计的如下原料热压制成，
Figure PCTCN2020099148-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020099148-appb-000002
所述填充纤维为PET纤维、PE纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维和木纤维中一种或多种的混合物。
本申请与传统的玻镁板基材相比，不需要采用硫氧镁凝胶材料，因而不存在吸潮返卤问题。同时，本申请的复合板基材以聚丙烯纤维和填充纤维(所述填充纤维为PET纤维、PE纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维和木纤维中一种或多种的混合物)为主原料热压制成，纤维之间相互交错/纠缠，一方面能够形成排气通道，利于空气排出，减少了中间层气孔，另一方面相互纠缠的纤维使得基材具有较高的内结合强度和优良的韧性，不易开裂。按照上述原料配比制得的基材具有韧性好和内结合强度高的优点。
进一步地，所述填充纤维的长度为3-200㎜。
通过采用上述技术方案，使得各组分更容易分散均匀，制得的基材尺寸稳定性好、内结合强度高。
进一步地，所述木纤维含水率＜8％。
通过采用上述技术方案，减少了因木纤维中水分汽化造成的气孔，利于提高基材内结合强度，提升了基材的抗开裂性能。
进一步地，所述填充纤维由PET纤维、PE纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维和木纤维按质量比1：(0.5-1)：(0.5-1)：(0.5-1)混合而成。
掺加上述配比的填充纤维制得的基材综合性能更佳。
进一步地，所述木纤维为松木纤维、麻纤维、杨木纤维、椴木纤维、桦木纤维、水曲柳纤维、榉木纤维、色木槭纤维、柳桉木纤维、杉木纤维、柏木纤维、柞木纤维、樟木纤维、竹子纤维中一种或多种的混合物。
上述各种木纤维均具有可再生、易获取的优点，使得本申请方案容易实现。
进一步地，所述阻燃剂为无卤阻燃剂。
通过采用上述技术方案，使得基材具有良好的阻燃性能，且相较于含卤阻燃剂更为环保。
进一步地，所述阻燃剂为氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝或两者的混合物。
通过采用上述技术方案，不仅可以赋予基材良好的阻燃性，且基材热压成型过程中部分氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝受热分解时释放出结合水，吸收大量的潜热，可降低聚丙烯纤维、PET纤维、PE纤维的分子链在热压过程中的热解，利于提高基材的强度。
进一步地，所述无机填充料为碳酸钙、粉煤灰、膨润土或陶土。
通过采用上述技术方案，提高了基材的尺寸稳定性，使得基材不易收缩变形。碳酸钙作为无机填料添加时，在高温条件下可分解释放二氧化碳，还具有与阻燃剂协同提高基材阻燃性能的作用。
一种复合板基材的制备方法，包括如下步骤，
步骤一、将无机填充料、填充纤维、偶联剂混合，得混合填料；
步骤二、将混合填料与聚丙烯纤维共混，得共混料；
步骤三、将共混料铺装成带状后压制成型，然后分切呈片状，得料片；
步骤四、将多层料片层叠后，于温度165-250℃、压力5-20MPa条件下热压5-30min，冷却，得基材半成品；
步骤五、将基材半成品修边，砂光成基材成品。
通过采用上述技术方案，先分步将无机填充料、填充纤维、偶联剂和聚丙烯纤维混合，再压制成片状的料片，此时聚丙烯纤维和填充纤维已经初步形成的平面的网状结构，之后再将多层片料层叠，纤维料也相应形成空间立体网状结构，保留了足够的排气通道、且纤维相互纠缠，经热压可以快速排气减少了气孔、纤维材料互相粘结定型、冷却得到基材半成品，最后经修边和砂光即得基材成品，如此制得的基材具有尺寸稳定性好、开榫槽强度高的优势。加工过程中片材的厚度控制在1-20㎜范围，具体可以根据实际加工的产品不同进行选择。
一种装饰板，包括基材和装饰层，所述基材由按质量百分比计的如下原料热压制成，
Figure PCTCN2020099148-appb-000003
所述填充纤维为PET纤维、PE纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维和木纤维中一种或多种的混合物；所述装饰层为三聚氰胺浸胶纸层、HPL层或PP装饰面层。
通过采用上述技术方案，使得装饰板具有高度的尺寸稳定性、良好柔韧性和较高的内结合强度，在装饰板边缘进行开设榫槽或者铣出卡扣加工时，不易造成装饰板开裂报废。其中，三聚氰胺浸胶纸层，又称密胺纸，耐水性佳；HPL(High-pressure Laminate)又称热固性树脂浸渍纸高压层积板，具有良好的耐火性、丰富的色彩和纹理；PP装饰面层可以是 PP透明料、PP印花膜等。本申请中装饰面层具体可以根据实际需要进行选择，能够得到不同装饰效果或风格的装饰板，其他类似具有装饰效果面层亦可以用于与本申请的基材进行复合得到不同的装饰板。
综上所述，本申请包括以下至少一种有益技术效果：
1、本申请的基材与传统的玻镁板基材相比，不需要采用硫氧镁凝胶材料，因而不存在吸潮返卤问题；同时，本申请的复合板基材以聚丙烯纤维和填充纤维(所述填充纤维为PET纤维、PE纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维和木纤维中一种或多种的混合物)为主原料热压制成，纤维之间相互交错/纠缠，一方面能够形成排气通道，利于空气排出，减少了中间层气孔，另一方面相互纠缠的纤维使得基材具有较高的内结合强度，不易开裂；
2、本申请基材制备方法先分步将无机填充料、填充纤维、偶联剂和聚丙烯纤维混合，再压制成片状的料片，此时聚丙烯纤维和填充纤维已经初步形成的平面的网状结构，之后再将多层片料层叠，纤维料也相应形成空间立体网状结构保留了足够的排气通道，同时纤维相互纠缠，经热压可以快速排气减少了气孔、使纤维材料互相粘结定型，冷却得到基材半成品，最后经修边和砂光即得基材成品，如此制得的基材具有尺寸稳定性好、柔韧性佳、内结合强度高的优势；
3、选择三聚氰胺浸胶纸层、HPL层或PP装饰面层作为装饰面层与本申请公开的基材复合得到的装饰板不仅装饰效果佳，且具有尺寸稳定性好、柔韧性佳、内结合强度高的优点。
具体实施方式
实施例1-6：
实施例1-6均涉及一种复合板基材，由表1所示配比的原料经过热压制成。
表1.实施例1-6的原料配比表
Figure PCTCN2020099148-appb-000004
其中，聚丙烯纤维和填充纤维的规格如表2-1所示，填充纤维的配比如表2-2所示，碳酸钙也可以用粉煤灰、膨润土、陶土等其他无机矿物填料代替。
表2-1.实施例1-6纤维规格及组成表
Figure PCTCN2020099148-appb-000005
表2-2.实施例1-6填充纤维的组成配比表(按重量份计)
Figure PCTCN2020099148-appb-000006
其中，木纤维选则含水率＜8％的松木纤维、麻纤维、杨木纤维、椴木纤维、桦木纤维、水曲柳纤维、榉木纤维、色木槭纤维、柳桉木纤维、杉木纤维、柏木纤维、柞木纤维、樟木纤维、竹子纤维中一种或多种的混合物均可，实施例4和实施例6中选择的均是竹木纤维。
实施例1-6中所用氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、钛酸酯偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂和碳酸钙均是通过商业途径购买所得，具体规格如表3所示。
表3.实施例1-6原料规格信息表
原料 规格
氢氧化镁 纯度95％
氢氧化铝 纯度99％
钛酸酯偶联剂 工业级
硅烷偶联剂 纯度99％
碳酸钙 纯度：AR，99％
实施例1-6的制备方法基本相同，区别仅在于热压步骤的工艺参数不同。
复合板基材制备工艺步骤如下：
步骤一、按照表1配比称取各原料，先将称取的碳酸钙、填充纤维、偶联剂混合，得混合填料；
步骤二、将混合填料与聚丙烯纤维共混，得共混料；
步骤三、将共混料铺装成带状后，用压延辊压制成型，然后分切呈片状，得料片；
步骤四、将多层料片层叠后，进入热压机于温度165-250℃、压力5-20MPa条件下热压5-30min，冷却，得基材半成品；
步骤五、将基材半成品修边，砂光成基材成品。
实施例1-6复合板基材制备工艺的热压工艺参数如表4所示。
表4.实施例1-6热压工艺参数表
热压工艺参数 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 实施例6
热压温度/℃ 165 195 220 250 200 180
热压压力/MPa 20 15 10 5 13 12.5
热压时间/min 5 13.5 18 30 15 17.5
实施例7-12：
实施例7-12均以实施例6为基础，与实施例6的区别仅在于：填充纤维的组成不同。具体实施例7-12填充纤维的组成见表5所示。
表5.实施例7-12中填充纤维组成表
Figure PCTCN2020099148-appb-000007
实施例13：
按照实施例6的配比称取各原料，将各原料直接混合，然后铺入到模具中，用热压机在180℃、12.5MPa压力条件下热压17.5min，降温脱模得到基材半成品，然后修边、砂光得到基材成品。
对照例1：
与实施例6的区别仅在于：用等量聚丙烯纤维代替填充纤维。
对照例2：
与实施例6的区别仅在于：用等量聚丙烯纤维代替碳酸钙。
对照例3：
与实施例6的区别在于：聚丙烯纤维的掺加量为50％、填充纤维掺加量为40％，其他组分掺加量不变。
性能测试
A、参照GB/T17657-2013测定实施例1-13以及对照例1-3的内结合强度、静曲强度，测试结果记录如表6所示。
B、柔韧性测试
将宽度为5㎜的试样以1r/s的速度在φ4㎜抛光圆棒上连续紧密卷绕10圈，卷绕时试样承受的张力刚好使试样与圆棒接触，卷绕时避免试样受到拉伸和扭铰。卷绕后，用6倍放大镜检查试样是否开裂，重复试验≥10次，统计出现开裂的试样占比(开裂率)。
表6.内结合强度、柔韧性测试结果表(试样厚度5㎜)
试样 内结合强度/MPa 静曲强度/MPa 开裂率/％
实施例1 3.8 32 0
实施例2 4.0 33 0
实施例3 4.2 35 0
实施例4 4.3 33 0
实施例5 3.9 32 0
实施例6 4.4 36 0
实施例7 4.2 34 0
实施例8 4.3 35 0
实施例9 4.3 35 0
实施例10 4.3 35 0
实施例11 4.2 33 0
实施例12 4.0 32 0
实施例13 4.3 34 0
对照例1 3.4 26 1.2
对照例2 3.2 28 0.7
对照例3 3.7 30 0.2
由表6试验数据可知：本申请的基材内结合强度高达3.8-4.4MPa，静曲强度达32-36MPa，具有强度佳的特点。同时，本申请的基材可以在直径4㎜圆棒上卷绕10圈，而不出现可视的开裂，具有极佳的柔韧性。此外，对比实施例6和对照例1-3的试验数据可以发现，在本申请特定配比的基材内结合强度更高、柔韧性极佳。
C、参照GB/T17657-2013测定实施例1-13以及对照例1-3基材的吸水厚度膨胀率，测试结果记录如表7所示。
D、分别测试实施例1-13以及对照例1-3基材在不同温度环境下的尺寸变化率。尺寸测量方法参照GB/T17657-2013，试样初始尺寸50*50*5(25℃)，分别将试样于-20℃、80℃条件下放置6h后马上进行尺寸测量，计算处理后尺寸与初始尺寸之间的变化率。记录至少三次测量的尺寸变化率绝对值的平均值，以表示试样的尺寸稳定性。试验结果记录如表7所示。
表7.吸收厚度膨胀率及尺寸稳定性测试结果表(试样厚度5㎜)
Figure PCTCN2020099148-appb-000008
由表6试验数据可知：本申请基材的吸水厚度膨胀率低至0.08-0.10％，80℃尺寸变化率低至0.02-0.03％、-20℃尺寸变化率低至0.01-0.02％，具有极佳的耐潮尺寸稳定性和耐高低温尺寸稳定性。此外，对比实施例6和对照例1-3的试验数据可以发现，在本申请特定配比的基材的耐潮尺寸稳定性、耐高低温尺寸稳定性更佳。
应用例14-16：
应用例14-16均涉及一种装饰板，以实施例6的复合板基材为基础，包括依次复合的装饰层、无纺布层、基材、无纺布层和平衡层。按照顺序将各层材料铺装于模具后，进入热压机于180-250℃、8-20MPa压力条件下热压50-1800s，冷却定型后取出切割，砂光得到装饰板。根据需要可在装饰板边缘铣出卡扣。其中装饰层可以选择含浸三聚氰胺-甲醛的三聚氰胺耐磨纸或三聚氰胺花纹纸，应用例14-16中选择的均是三聚氰胺花纹纸；两层无纺布层均选择的是PP无纺布；平衡层选择的是三聚氰胺耐磨纸；基材使用的均是实施例6的复合板基材。
应用例14-16的热压工艺参数如表8所示。
表8.应用例14-16热压工艺参数表
热压工艺参数 应用例14 应用例15 应用例16
热压温度/℃ 180 215 250
热压压力/MPa 20 14 8
热压时间/s 50 1200 1800
应用例17-19：
应用例17-19均涉及一种装饰板，包括基材和HPL层，基材和HPL层之间通过双组份PU胶或PUR胶冷压复合而成。其中，基材选择的均是实施例6的复合板基材，应用例17-18均是通过PU胶复合，应用例19采用PUR胶复合。
制备工艺：
先三聚氰胺耐磨纸、三聚氰胺花纹纸、无纺布或酚醛胶浸胶的牛皮纸，在130-180℃、10-20MPa条件下高温热压15-90min制成HPL；然后，将HPL与基材使用双组份的PU胶或PUR胶冷压复合，复合压力为5-20MPa；待胶水完全固化后得半成品，经过切割修边即得装饰板。根据需要可在装饰板边缘铣出卡扣。
应用例17-19的HPL制备工艺参数和复合压力参数如表9所示。
表9.HPL制备工艺参数及复合压力参数
Figure PCTCN2020099148-appb-000009
应用例20-22：
应用例20-22均涉及一种装饰板，包括依次设置的PP透明料层、PP印花膜层和基材层，其中基材层选用实施例6的复合板基材。
制备工艺：
将PP透明料、PP印花膜、基材铺设于模具，用热压机热压一次复合成型，热压温度为180-250℃、压力10-20MPa、热压时间15-60min。冷却定型后取出，养护至常温后经70-99℃回火，冷却制得半成品，再切割修边即得装饰板成品。根据需要可在装饰板边缘铣出卡扣。
应用例20-22的热压工艺参数如表10所示。
表10.应用例20-22的热压工艺参数表
热压工艺参数 应用例20 应用例21 应用例22
热压温度/℃ 180 215 250
热压压力/MPa 20 14 10
热压时间/min 15 30 60
上述实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释，其并不是对本申请的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对上述实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种复合板基材，其特征在于：由按质量百分比计的如下原料热压制成，
    Figure PCTCN2020099148-appb-100001
    所述填充纤维为PET纤维、PE纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维和木纤维中一种或多种的混合物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的复合板基材，其特征在于：所述填充纤维的长度为3-200㎜。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的复合板基材，其特征在于：所述木纤维含水率＜8％。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的复合板基材，其特征在于：所述填充纤维由PET纤维、PE纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维和木纤维按质量比1：(0.5-1)：(0.5-1)：(0.5-1)混合而成。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的复合板基材，其特征在于：所述木纤维为松木纤维、麻纤维、杨木纤维、椴木纤维、桦木纤维、水曲柳纤维、榉木纤维、色木槭纤维、柳桉木纤维、杉木纤维、柏木纤维、柞木纤维、樟木纤维、竹子纤维中一种或多种的混合物。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的复合板基材，其特征在于：所述阻燃剂为无卤阻燃剂。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的复合板基材，其特征在于：所述阻燃剂为氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝或两者的混合物。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的复合板基材，其特征在于：所述无机填充料为碳酸钙、粉煤灰、膨润土或陶土。
  9. 权利要求1所述的复合板基材的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤，
    步骤一、将无机填充料、填充纤维、偶联剂混合，得混合填料；
    步骤二、将混合填料与聚丙烯纤维共混，得共混料；
    步骤三、将共混料铺装成带状后压制成型，然后分切呈片状，得料片；
    步骤四、将多层料片层叠后，于温度165-250℃、压力5-20MPa条件下热压5-30min，冷却，得基材半成品；
    步骤五、将基材半成品修边，砂光成基材成品。
  10. 一种装饰板，包括基材和装饰层，其特征在于：所述基材为权利要求1所述的复合板基材；所述装饰层为三聚氰胺浸胶纸层、HPL层或PP装饰面层。
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