WO2022004810A1 - 装着式手指動作支援装置 - Google Patents
装着式手指動作支援装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022004810A1 WO2022004810A1 PCT/JP2021/024820 JP2021024820W WO2022004810A1 WO 2022004810 A1 WO2022004810 A1 WO 2022004810A1 JP 2021024820 W JP2021024820 W JP 2021024820W WO 2022004810 A1 WO2022004810 A1 WO 2022004810A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thumb
- wire
- movement
- unit
- support device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H1/00—Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
- A61H1/02—Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
- A61H1/0274—Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the upper limbs
- A61H1/0285—Hand
- A61H1/0288—Fingers
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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- A61F2/54—Artificial arms or hands or parts thereof
- A61F2/58—Elbows; Wrists ; Other joints; Hands
- A61F2/583—Hands; Wrist joints
- A61F2/586—Fingers
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- A61F2/72—Bioelectric control, e.g. myoelectric
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- A61F2005/0132—Additional features of the articulation
- A61F2005/0155—Additional features of the articulation with actuating means
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wearable finger movement support device, and is particularly suitable for application to a movement support device that supports activities of daily living for a person with paralyzed fingers among upper limb dysfunctions.
- finger paralysis makes it difficult to perform activities of daily living such as grasping daily necessities, and greatly reduces the QOL (Quality of Life) of people with finger paralysis.
- the movement of the thumb is very important for gripping an object.
- a finger movement support device that supports activities of daily living such as grasping daily necessities by supporting the finger movements of a person with finger paralysis has been proposed and developed.
- the inventor of the present application has provided a motion support device capable of imparting a practically sufficient holding force of an articulated structure during a flexion motion and supporting a practically sufficient flexion motion and extension motion with a simple configuration. It has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
- the motion assisting device as in Patent Document 1 pulls or relaxes the linear member according to the wearer's intention to bend or extend the articulated structure, and supports the gripping motion of a hard cylindrical object. Is useful for
- the finger pad it is important for the finger pad to come into direct contact with an object and for multiple sensory information including the shape of the fingers in gripping motion support.
- the thumb is independent of the other four fingers and plays a very important role in gripping an object.
- the thumb movements involved in many grips are indispensable for human gripping movements, but when hand paralysis such as motor dysfunction or sensory impairment occurs due to cerebrovascular disorders or spinal cord injuries, the fingers Basic movements such as bending and stretching movements and the opposite movements of the thumb cannot be performed, making it difficult to grasp objects in daily life.
- the deterioration of the function of the thumb corresponds to the deterioration of the function of the hand by about 40%. For this reason, it only assists the flexion and extension of the thumb like a conventional motion support device, the thumb is fixed in the opposite position to narrow the grip type, and the weight is increased by using a link or frame. If it is used, it will not be effective for use in daily life, and the QOL (Quality of Life) of a person with thumb movement function may be significantly reduced.
- the present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and is a wearable finger movement support device capable of assisting the thumb movement without hindering the degree of freedom of the thumb when gripping an object in daily life. Is an attempt to propose.
- a first holding member mounted so as to wrap the tip of the thumb of the wearer and a second holding member mounted so as to wind the base node of the thumb.
- a third holding member attached so as to closely hold the base of the thumb and the wrist connected to the base, and one end fixed to either the first or second holding member along the surface of the thumb.
- a signal detection unit that is placed on the body surface corresponding to the extrinsic muscle and detects the myoelectric potential signal or biological signal for operating the thumb, and the thumb by the wearer based on the detection result by the signal detection unit.
- Assistive force is generated in the motion determination unit that determines whether it is an opposition movement, adduction movement, flexion movement, or extension movement, and the internal and / or extrinsic muscles of the thumb necessary for the movement determined by the movement determination unit. It is provided with a drive control unit that controls the wire rod drive unit to pull or relax each wire rod member corresponding to the movement.
- the wearable finger movement support device can assist not only the flexion and extension movements of the thumb but also the opponens and adduction movements of the thumb when gripping an object in daily life.
- the plurality of linear members are fixed to the second holding member in the direction from the base node of the thumb along the opponens pollicis muscle and the adductor pollicis muscle in the palm including the thumb.
- Each has an opponens pollicis wire and an adductor pollicis wire pulled out through a third holding member
- the signal detection unit is a body corresponding to the opponens pollicis muscle and the adductor pollicis muscle among the internal muscles of the thumb.
- the myoelectric signal or biometric signal from the surface is detected, the motion determination unit determines the opponens pollicis motion or adductor pollicis motion of the thumb based on the detection result by the signal detection unit, and the drive control unit determines the motion.
- the wire rod drive unit is controlled so as to alternately pull or relax the opponens movement wire or the adductor pollicis wire in synchronization with the start timing of the opponens pollicis movement or the adductor pollicis movement of the thumb determined by the determination unit.
- the wire rod driving unit is controlled to alternately pull or relax the contradictory movement wire or the adduction wire in synchronization with the start timing of the confrontational movement or the adduction movement of the thumb. By doing so, it becomes possible to assist the movement along the contraction direction of the muscle that exerts the opponens pollicis movement or the adduction movement of the wearer's thumb.
- the wire rod driving unit is provided separately from the first to third holding members, and the drawn portions of the opposite movement wire and the adduction wire drawn out from the second holding member are fixedly connected to each other.
- a first pulley having a predetermined diameter and a first actuator in which the first pulley is engaged with the output shaft are provided, and the rotational force of the output shaft of the first actuator is applied to the wire for contradictory movement or the inside via the first pulley. It was made to be transmitted to the diversion wire.
- the wire drive unit is configured to be driven by an actuator, so that the reciprocal movement wire and the adduction wire can be wound up instantly only by rotationally driving the output shaft of the actuator.
- the wire rod drive unit, the drive control unit, and the like can be installed at positions away from the first to third holding members via the opposite movement wire and the adduction wire.
- the wire rod driving unit has a slide holding portion that slidably holds the first pulley and the first actuator as a unit, and the slide holding portion is inserted with a contradictory moving wire and an adduction wire, respectively.
- the first pulley and the first actuator held by the slide holding portion are simply slid, and the first and second holdings are freely performed according to the length of the wearer's thumb. It is possible to adjust the distance between the members.
- the plurality of linear members are fixed to the first holding member and relay the third holding member from the tip of the thumb in the direction along the ventral side and the dorsal side via the second holding member. It has a flexor pollicis longus wire and an extensor pollicis longus wire drawn out from the thumb, and the signal detection unit is the flexor pollicis longus muscle and the extensor pollicis longus muscle located in the upper arm part from the thumb through the tendon among the extrinsic muscles of the thumb.
- the myoelectric potential signal or biological signal from the body surface corresponding to the muscle is detected, and the motion determination unit determines the flexion motion or extension motion of the thumb by the wearer based on the detection result by the signal detection unit, and drives the control.
- the unit controls the wire drive unit to alternately pull or relax the flexion wire or the extension wire in synchronization with the start timing of the flexion or extension movement of the thumb determined by the motion determination unit. did.
- the wire rod driving unit is controlled to alternately pull or relax the bending wire or the stretching wire in synchronization with the start timing of the bending or stretching movement of the thumb. This makes it possible to assist the movement along the contraction direction of the muscle that exerts the flexion movement or the extension movement of the wearer's thumb.
- the wire rod driving unit is provided separately from the first to third holding members, and the bending wire and the stretching wire drawn out from the first holding member via the second holding member as a base point.
- a second pulley having a predetermined diameter to which the portions are fixedly connected and a second actuator in which the second pulley is engaged with the output shaft are provided, and the rotational force of the output shaft of the second actuator is transmitted via the second pulley. It was made to be transmitted to the bending wire or the extending wire.
- the wire drive unit is configured to be driven by an actuator, so that the bending wire and the extension wire can be wound up instantly only by rotationally driving the output shaft of the actuator.
- the wire rod drive unit, the drive control unit, and the like can be installed at positions away from the first to third holding members via the bending wire and the extending wire.
- the wire rod driving unit has a slide holding portion that slidably holds the second pulley and the second actuator as a unit, and the bending wire and the extending wire are inserted into the slide holding portion, respectively. It is connected to the third holding member via a fixed length tube and slides the second pulley and the second actuator with respect to the slide holding portion for bending wire and extension between the first and second holding members. The length of the wire can be adjusted.
- the first and second holdings are freely performed according to the length of the wearer's thumb simply by sliding the second pulley and the second actuator held by the slide holding portion. It is possible to adjust the distance between the members.
- the links in series are relatively rotatably connected to each other, and all the links are integrally provided to be provided with an articulated structure that can be flexibly deformed.
- the extension wire With the extension wire inserted inside each link, it is provided along from the first holding member to which one end of the extension wire is fixed to the third holding member via the second holding member. ..
- the thumb is extended during the extension movement of the thumb. It can function as a limiter to prevent the thumb from coming into direct contact with the skin surface of the thumb, and can also serve as a safety protective member.
- each link is detachably connected to each other, and the length from the leading link to the trailing link can be adjusted by inserting or removing a desired number of links. I did it.
- the length can be easily adjusted according to the joint length of the thumb of the wearer.
- the first holding member is provided with an opening so that the abdomen of the thumb of the wearer is exposed, and is based on the deformed state of the abdomen of the thumb when an object is contacted through the opening.
- a pressing force estimation unit that estimates the pressing force on the abdomen of the thumb, and a sensory transmitting unit that feeds back the pressing force estimated by the pressing force estimation unit as a sensation to the abdomen of the wearer's thumb. I was prepared.
- the wearable finger movement support device can measure the pressing force on the object while directly contacting the object to be gripped without disturbing the abdomen of the wearer's thumb.
- the tactile force sense information for the object is not impaired, and the mechanical properties of the skin that prevent deformation and slipping according to the object shape are not impaired. Can be obtained.
- the wearer is a paralyzed finger, it is very useful because it is possible to realize gripping motion assistance based on the tactile force sense information of the thumb.
- the pressing force estimation unit is provided on the first holding member so as to come into contact with both side surfaces of the mother finger at the time of mounting, and a pair of pressing pressures applied from both side surfaces of the mother finger are detected. Measure the measured values of the pressure-sensitive sensor and the applied load of multiple levels to the abdomen of the thumb, respectively, and apply to the abdomen of the thumb based on the detection results of the pair of pressure-sensitive sensors obtained for each measured value. Based on the relational characteristic derivation part that derives the relational characteristic between the load and the detection result of the pair of pressure sensors and the relational characteristic calculated by the relational characteristic derivation part, the pressing force on the abdomen of the thumb at the time of object contact is calculated. It is provided with a calculation estimation unit for estimation.
- the wearable finger movement support device can estimate the gripping force using the thumb by measuring the force on the side surface of the finger due to the horizontal deformation of the wearer's thumb.
- the sensory transmission unit is provided to the stimulus application unit having a terminal group for giving a physical stimulus to a predetermined body surface of the wearer, and the abdomen of the thumb obtained from the calculation estimation unit. It is provided with a transmission setting unit that sets the magnitude and transmission pattern of the sensation to be transmitted to the wearer according to the pressing force, and a stimulus control unit that controls the terminal group of the stimulus application unit according to the setting contents by the transmission setting unit. I did it.
- the wearer can recognize the stimulus corresponding to the pressing force on the abdomen of the thumb as a sensation through a predetermined body surface.
- the pressing force estimation unit is provided on the first holding member so as to be located on the back of the thumb when mounted, and is paired with an acceleration sensor that detects the acceleration of the thumb in the gripping direction.
- the transmission setting unit in the sensory transmission unit further includes a rigidity estimation unit that estimates the rigidity of the object in contact with the abdomen of the thumb based on the detection result of the pressure sensor and the detection result of the acceleration sensor.
- the pressing force estimated by the calculation estimation unit is set as the magnitude and transmission pattern of the sensation to be transmitted to the wearer in a state where the rigidity of the object estimated by the rigidity estimation unit is combined.
- the rigidity of the object that comes into contact with the abdomen of the thumb depends on how much the acceleration in the gripping direction of the thumb reacts from the detection start timing of the pair of pressure sensors. It is possible to estimate the softness. Then, the pressing force on the abdomen of the thumb can be fed back to the wearer as a sensation combined with the rigidity and softness of the object to be gripped.
- the wearable finger movement support device in the present invention is similarly applied to at least one or more fingers (index finger, middle finger, ring finger, little finger) other than the wearer's mother finger, and the drive control unit is first held.
- the wire drive unit is controlled so as to generate an auxiliary force to the internal and / or extrinsic muscles of each finger necessary for the flexion or extension movement of each finger other than the mother finger to which the member is attached.
- the bending wire or the stretching wire corresponding to the above was alternately pulled or relaxed.
- the wearable hand movement support device at least one finger other than the thumb of the wearing vehicle can acquire tactile sensation information and assist the gripping movement without disturbing the skin characteristics and sensory input of the abdomen. It is possible to build a system that performs the above.
- a wearable finger movement support device capable of assisting the thumb movement without hindering the degree of freedom of the thumb when gripping an object in daily life.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a sensor arrangement state in the finger tip holding portion of the wearable finger movement support device shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the applied load to a finger pad, and the output of a pressure sensitive sensor. It is a schematic diagram which shows the appearance calibration of the calibration apparatus using a load cell. It is a graph showing the estimation of the force of a fingertip when a third-order polynomial is used. It is a graph showing the average and standard error of RMSE of the estimated value and the measured value of a load cell. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the wearable hand movement support device for multi-finger wearing.
- FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram and a graph of a gripping state showing the test results in FIG. 28.
- FIG. 1 shows the skeleton and joints of the thumb on the left hand side.
- the mother's finger is located at the base of the palm and is mainly involved in the confrontation of the mother's fingers.
- the carpometacarpal joint (CM) is a saddle-shaped joint with two degrees of freedom that allows humans to acquire a wide range of thumb movements.
- Figures 2 (A) to (C) show the muscles involved in the movement of the thumb.
- the movement of the thumb is controlled by four extrinsic muscles (FPL, APL, EPL, EPB) through the tendon and four intrinsic muscles (OP, APB, FPB, ADP) in the palm.
- FPL, APL, EPL, EPB extrinsic muscles
- OP, APB, FPB, ADP intrinsic muscles
- FIG. 2 (A) shows the deep muscle at the center of the base of the thumb
- FIG. 2 (B) shows the surface muscle on the palm side of the left hand
- FIG. 2 (C) shows the deep muscle on the forearm side of the thumb on the back side of the hand. It is expressed from.
- the "opponens pollicis movement” is the coordinated movement of the three internal muscles, the opponens pollicis muscle (OP), the abductor pollicis longus muscle (APB), and the flexor pollicis brevis muscle (FPB). realizable.
- the "adductor pollicis movement of the thumb” involves the adductor pollicis muscle (ADP), which is an adductor muscle.
- ADP adductor pollicis muscle
- “thumb abduction movement” involves the abductor pollicis longus muscle (APB) and the abductor pollicis longus muscle (APL).
- the flexor movement of the thumb involves the flexor pollicis longus (FPB) and the flexor pollicis longus (FPL).
- the flexor pollicis brevis (FPB) is the muscle that flexes the interphalangeal joint (MP).
- the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) is a muscle that flexes the middle hand interphalangeal joint (MP) and interphalangeal joint (IP) of the thumb.
- the "thumb extension movement” involves the abductor pollicis muscles, the extensor pollicis longus (EPB) and the extensor pollicis longus (EPL).
- the short thumb extensor muscle (EPB) is a muscle for extending the middle hand interphalangeal joint (MP) of the thumb to abduct the thumb
- the long thumb extensor muscle (EPL) is the thumb. It is a muscle for extending the middle interphalangeal joint (MP) and interphalangeal joint (IP) to abduct the thumb.
- the muscles since the function of these muscles (internal and extrinsic muscles of the thumb) is deteriorated due to paralysis of the fingers, the muscles can be replaced by assisting along the contraction direction of these muscles. It was devised from the point of being possible.
- thumb movement In the "opponens pollicis movement of the thumb”, in order to realize a grip that is often used in daily life, such as gripping a columnar or spherical object, the thumb is moved to a position facing the other four fingers. There is a need. Further, in the “adductor pollicis movement of the thumb”, in order to realize lateral gripping, it is necessary to assist the adductor pollicis of the thumb and bring it closer to the index finger.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show the wearable thumb movement support device 1 according to the present embodiment, and the wearable finger movement support device 1 is attached to the wearer's hand (left hand in the figure). , The tendon drive based on the anatomical structure of the hand assists the movement of the thumb according to the two degrees of freedom.
- the wearable finger movement support device 1 is mounted so as to wind around the finger tip holding portion (first holding member) 10 mounted so as to wrap the tip of the wearer's thumb and the proximal phalanx of the thumb.
- the finger tip holding portion 10 is made of a polyurethane material as a whole, and the ring member 10A that winds the distal phalanx of the wearer's thumb and the bridge member 10B that bridges the tip of the thumb based on the ring member 10A are integrated. It has a formed structure. Both the ring member 10A and the bridge member 10B are formed with a notch groove in which a wire (linear member) described later can be hooked and fixed at a predetermined position.
- the auxiliary ring portion 11 is made of a polyurethane material, and the outer ring and the inner ring that can be separated from each other are integrally formed.
- the inner ring is wound in close contact with the proximal phalanx of the wearer's thumb, and the outer ring has various structures for guiding and hooking wires and the like.
- the auxiliary ring portion 11 has a ring-shaped inner ring 11A having an inner diameter matched to the proximal phalanx of the thumb and an inner diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the inner ring 11A. It has a structure in which the outer ring 11B to be fitted is freely fitted. The size diameters of the inner ring 11A and the outer ring 11B may be adjusted to the size of the wearer's thumb.
- the outer ring 11B of the auxiliary ring portion 11 is formed with two annular notched grooves 11BP, two guide grooves 11BQ for guiding wires, and one guide groove 11BR for guiding an articulated structure.
- the wearable finger movement support device 1 imitates the contraction of muscles and the traction of tendons, and incorporates the idea of replacing muscles and tendons with external wires (linear members).
- the wire (linear member) is made of high-strength polyethylene fiber (trade name: Dyneema) with a diameter of 0.5 [mm], and the wire itself is very thin and light, so it does not interfere with grip operation.
- each of the plurality of wires is fixed to either the finger tip holding portion or the auxiliary ring portion, and is stretched along the surface of the thumb by relaying the induction connection portion of the Velcro® glove.
- the Velcro® glove 12 is composed of a glove made of a magic tape (registered trademark) material in which the palm and the back of the hand are separated, and the stop position is adjusted according to the difference in the size of the hand. It is made to get.
- the Velcro® glove 12 has two wrists as an inductive connection (third holding member) 13 fixed to the surface corresponding to the center of the inside of the wrist with a velcro (registered trademark) band for fixing the wrist.
- the side holding members 13A and 13B and two back holding members 13C and 13D detachably fixed by a magic tape (registered trademark) on the surface corresponding to a predetermined position on the back of the hand are attached.
- the Velcro® glove 12 has a structure in which the two wrist-side holding members 13A and 13B and the two instep-side holding members 13C and 13D are fixedly held as the inductive connection portion 13, so that the wearer can wear the glove 12. Fine adjustments can be made to adjust the pulling direction of the wire to the appropriate streak direction according to the size of the hand. As a result, the pulling direction of the wire can be adjusted to an appropriate muscle direction according to the size of the hand.
- inductive connection portion 13 two wires along the ventral side of the thumb are pulled out from the finger tip holding portion 10 at the tip of the thumb as one bending wire W3 via the wrist side holding member 13B. (FIG. 4), two wires along the back side of the thumb are pulled out from the finger tip holding portion 10 as one extension wire W4 via the instep side holding member 13D (FIG. 5). ).
- the opposite movement wire W1, the adduction wire W2, the bending wire W3, and the extension wire W4 are each inserted into a protective tube PT made of polytetrafluoroethylene having relatively low friction as an outer cylinder, and are inserted into a protective tube PT when the wire is driven. It is designed to prevent injuries due to friction on the skin of the wearer's hands and wrists due to the movement of each wire in the length direction.
- Each protective tube PT is adapted to cover the opposite movement wire W1, the adduction wire W2, the bending wire W3, and the extension wire W4 from the induction connecting portion 13 to the wire rod driving portion 20 (FIG. 7).
- FIG. 7 shows the configuration of the control system of the wearable hand movement support device 1 in the present embodiment.
- the wearable finger movement support device 1 includes a finger tip holding portion 10, an auxiliary ring portion 11 and an inductive connection portion 13 mounted on the wearer's fingers, a signal detection unit 21 arranged on the wearer's body surface, and mounting. It has an external drive unit 22 installed via wire groups W1 to W4 without being attached to a person.
- the signal detection unit 21 uses a neural transmission signal transmitted from the wearer's brain to the thumb as a biological signal through electrodes arranged on the body surface corresponding to the internal and / or extrinsic muscles of the wearer's thumb. To detect. Further, the signal detection unit may detect the myoelectric signal according to the movement of the thumb of the wearer together with or instead of the biological signal.
- the signal detection unit 21 detects biological signals from the body surface corresponding to the opponens pollicis longus muscle and the adductor pollicis longus muscle among the internal muscles of the thumb, and the mother of the external muscles of the thumb. Detects myoelectric or biological signals from the body surface corresponding to the flexor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis longus muscles in the upper arm from the finger to the tendon.
- the external drive unit 22 has a wire rod drive unit 20, a motion determination unit 23, and a drive control unit 24.
- the wire rod driving unit 20 drives the drawn portions of the wire groups (opposite moving wire, adduction wire, bending wire and extension wire) W1 to W4 so as to be pulled or relaxed, respectively.
- the first pulley P1 having a predetermined diameter and the first pulley P1 are output shafts to which the extending portions of the opposite movement wire W1 and the adduction wire W2 drawn out from the auxiliary ring portion 11 are fixedly connected to each other.
- the first actuator 20A engaged with the first actuator 20A, and the rotational force of the output shaft of the first actuator 20A is transmitted to the opposite movement wire W1 or the adduction wire W2 via the first pulley P1.
- the wire rod driving unit 20 is a second pulley P2 having a predetermined diameter to which the extending portions of the bending wire W3 and the extending wire W4 drawn out from the finger tip holding portion 10 as a base point via the auxiliary ring portion 11 are fixedly connected to each other.
- the second pulley P2 has a second actuator 20B engaged with the output shaft, and the rotational force of the output shaft of the second actuator 20B is applied to the bending wire W3 or the extension wire W4 via the second pulley P2.
- the first and second actuators 20A and 20B are both composed of a servomotor capable of torque control, and the assist direction can be instantly switched by changing the rotation direction of the motor.
- the motion determination unit 23 and the drive control unit 24 each have a CPU (Central Processing Unit) configuration. Based on the detection result by the signal detection unit 21, the motion determination unit 23 determines whether the thumb is an opponens pollicis motion, an adduction motion, a flexion motion, or an extension motion by the wearer.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- the motion determination unit 23 determines the confrontational motion or adduction motion of the thumb by the wearer based on the detection result by the signal detection unit 21, and determines the flexion motion or extension motion of the thumb by the wearer.
- the drive control unit 24 controls the wire rod drive unit 20 to respond to the movement so as to generate an auxiliary force to the internal muscle and / or the external muscle of the thumb necessary for the movement determined by the movement determination unit 23.
- Each wire (opposite movement wire, adduction wire, bending wire and extension wire) W1 to W4 is pulled or relaxed.
- the drive control unit 24 alternately pulls or relaxes the confrontational movement wire W1 or the adduction wire W2 in synchronization with the start timing of the confrontational movement or the adduction movement of the thumb determined by the motion determination unit 23. Controls the wire drive unit 20.
- the drive control unit 24 alternately pulls or relaxes the flexion wire W3 or the extension wire W4 in synchronization with the start timing of the flexion movement or extension movement of the thumb determined by the movement determination unit 23.
- the wire rod driving unit 20 is controlled.
- the wire rod driving unit 20 alternately pulls or relaxes the confrontational movement wire W1 or the adduction wire W2 in synchronization with the start timing of the confrontational movement or the adduction movement of the thumb.
- the movement it is possible to assist the movement along the contraction direction of the muscle that exerts the opponens pollicis movement or the adduction movement of the wearer's thumb.
- the wire rod driving unit 20 is configured to alternately pull or relax the bending wire W3 or the stretching wire W4 in synchronization with the start timing of the bending or stretching movement of the thumb. By controlling, it becomes possible to assist the movement along the contraction direction of the muscle that exerts the flexion movement or the extension movement of the wearer's thumb.
- the wire rod driving unit 20 holds the first pulley P1 and the first actuator 20A in a slidable manner. It has one slide holding portion 30, and a second slide holding portion 31 that integrally and slidably holds the second pulley P2 and the second actuator 20B.
- the first slide holding portion 30 is connected to the induction connecting portion 13 via a fixed length protective tube PT through which the opposite movement wire W1 and the adduction wire W2 are inserted, respectively, with respect to the first slide holding portion 30.
- a fixed length protective tube PT through which the opposite movement wire W1 and the adduction wire W2 are inserted, respectively, with respect to the first slide holding portion 30.
- the second slide holding portion 31 is connected to the induction connecting portion 13 via a fixed-length protective tube PT through which the bending wire W3 and the extension wire W4 are inserted, respectively, and the second slide holding portion 31 is connected to the second slide holding portion 31.
- the wearable finger movement support device 1 the first pulley P1 and the first actuator 20A held by the first slide holding portion 20 are simply slid, and the wearable finger movement support device 1 can freely adjust to the length of the wearer's thumb.
- the distance between the finger tip holding portion 10 and the auxiliary ring portion 11 can be adjusted.
- the finger tip holding portion 10 and the auxiliary ring portion 11 can be freely adjusted according to the length of the wearer's thumb. It is possible to adjust the distance between.
- each link LK in series are relatively rotatably connected to each other, and all the link LKs are integrated and flexibly curved. It is configured to be deformable.
- each link LK is made of a cushion member such as polyurethane, and a hole LKH for inserting the extension wire W4 is formed, and the hole LKH is cut for attaching and detaching the wire. A notch is formed.
- the thumb is provided by providing the articulated structure 40 along the finger tip holding portion 10, the auxiliary ring portion 11, and the inductive connection portion 13 mounted on the thumb of the wearer. It functions as a limiter to prevent the thumb from being overstretched during the extension movement of the finger, and also serves as a safety protection member to prevent the extension wire W4 from coming into direct contact with the skin surface of the thumb. can.
- the axis of the thumb rotates around the carpometacarpal joint (CM).
- CM carpometacarpal joint
- the circular protrusions and recesses of each link LK are combined to form a joint with one degree of freedom, and when the thumb is extended.
- the link LKs are detachably connected to each other, and the length from the leading link to the trailing link can be adjusted by inserting or removing a desired number of link LKs. It has been done. As a result, in the wearable finger movement support device 1, the length can be easily adjusted according to the joint length of the thumb of the wearer.
- the wearable finger movement support device 1 in this embodiment is attached to the left hand (weaker side than the dominant hand) of the wearer. It is confirmed by experiment whether it is possible to support the confrontational movement of the thumb by attaching it to the hand).
- the wearer first places the back of his left hand on the desk and pulls the confrontational movement wire W1 in response to the confrontational movement of the thumb to support the wearable finger movement.
- the device 1 assists the confrontational movement of the thumb.
- FIG. 11 (A) A typical example of BES at this time is shown in FIG. 11 (A).
- the average BES for 5 seconds from 5 seconds to 10 seconds after the start of motion support is calculated.
- the average BES of the five trials is 0.0691 ⁇ 0.018 [V] at rest (1 / 3.3 scale).
- the average value of the average BES in the five trials is 0.0615 ⁇ 0.00412 [V] with the operation support by this device (1 / 3.3.3 scale).
- FIG. 11B shows a typical example of BES when the thumb is moved to the opposite side without using the wearable finger movement support device 1.
- the wearable finger movement support device 1 in the present embodiment is attached to the left hand of the wearer (the hand on the weaker side than the dominant hand), and the flexion movement of the thumb and the extension movement are performed. Confirm by experiment whether it is possible to assist the extension movement.
- the wearer first places the back of his left hand on the desk and pulls the bending wire or the stretching wire according to the bending or stretching movement of the thumb.
- the wearable finger movement support device 1 assists the flexion movement or extension movement of the thumb.
- the thumb is in the flexed posture and then returned to the extended posture.
- electrodes are attached to the body surfaces corresponding to the flexor pollicis longus (FPL) and the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) in the upper arm from the thumb to the tendon.
- the signal detection unit 21 measures the BES at rest. Then, it is confirmed whether or not the thumb can be flexed or extended only by the support of the wearable finger movement support device 1 (sampling frequency: 1,000 [Hz], amplification number: 200 times). This test was conducted 5 times in healthy men who had no problems such as upper limb disorders.
- the flexor pollicis longus (FPB) for flexing the carpometacarpal joint (CM) exists in the palm, but this time the electrode interferes with the flexion movement itself, so it is long.
- An electrode was placed at the position of the flexor pollicis longus (FPL).
- FIG. 13A shows a typical example of BES at that time.
- the average BES for 5 seconds from 5 seconds after the start of operation support to 10 seconds after the start is calculated.
- the average BES of the five trials is 0.0640 ⁇ 0.0442 [V] at rest (1 / 3.3 scale).
- the average value of BES in the five trials is 0.0562 ⁇ 0.00145 [V] with the operation support by this device (1 / 3.3.3 scale).
- FIG. 13B shows a typical example of BES when the thumb is bent without using the wearable finger movement support device.
- the left hand of the wearer wearing the wearable finger movement support device 1 is placed on the block material so that the palm of the hand comes into contact with it. Then, using a force gauge fixed on the desk (for example, Digital Force Gauge ZP-500N, which is a product manufactured by Imada Co., Ltd.), a wire is connected to the finger tip holding portion of the extended thumb. In this state, an auxiliary force was generated in the bending direction of the thumb, and the force at that time was measured 5 times.
- a force gauge fixed on the desk for example, Digital Force Gauge ZP-500N, which is a product manufactured by Imada Co., Ltd.
- the average fingertip force was 6.34 ⁇ 0.413 [N], and it was confirmed that a force of 4.29 [N] or higher was measured in all trials.
- FIGS. 15 (A) to 15 (C) The experimental results are shown in FIGS. 15 (A) to 15 (C).
- 15 (A) shows a relatively thin and small key
- FIG. 15 (B) holds a relatively elongated pen
- FIG. 15 (C) holds a relatively thin cylindrical object. The case where it is done is shown. As described above, it was confirmed that it is possible to grip a relatively thin object only by assisting the movement of the wearer's thumb by using the wearable finger movement support device 1.
- FIG. 50 Simultaneous function of gripping motion assist and sensory function assist (7-1) Thumb motion assisting device In FIG. 50 is different from the above-mentioned wearable finger movement support device 1 in the structure of the finger tip holding portion (first holding member) 10 and the auxiliary ring portion (second holding member) 11, as well as gripping movement assist and sensory function assist. It has almost the same configuration except that a control circuit (pressing estimation unit 60 and sensory transmission unit 70, which will be described later) for executing the simultaneous functions of the above is provided.
- a control circuit pressing estimation unit 60 and sensory transmission unit 70, which will be described later
- the finger tip holding portion (first holding member) 51 is formed with an opening 51X so that the abdomen of the wearer's thumb is exposed, and the auxiliary ring portion (second holding member) 52 is formed with the thumb.
- the opening 52X is formed so that the palm side in the proximal phalanx is exposed.
- this wearable finger movement support device by forming openings 51X and 52X in the finger tip holding portion 51 and the auxiliary ring portion 52, respectively, as shown in FIG. 17, only the flexion movement or extension movement of the wearer's thumb is performed. In addition, even in the confrontational movement or adduction movement of the thumb, it is possible to directly contact the object to be gripped with the abdomen of the thumb always exposed.
- a push pressure estimation unit 60 is provided so as to be included in the finger tip holding unit 51 and the external drive unit 22.
- the pressing force estimation unit 60 pushes the thumb to the abdomen of the thumb based on the deformed state of the abdomen of the thumb when the wearer touches the object through the opening 51X of the finger tip holding portion 51. It is designed to estimate the pressure.
- the pressing pressure estimation unit 60 has a pair of pressure-sensitive sensors 61A and 61B provided on the finger tip holding unit 51, and a relational characteristic derivation unit 62 and a calculation estimation unit 63 provided on the external drive unit 22.
- the pair of pressure-sensitive sensors 61A and 61B are provided on the finger tip holding portion 51 so as to come into contact with both side surfaces of the thumb when attached, and are applied from both side surfaces of the thumb.
- Each push pressure is detected.
- the pressure-sensitive sensors 61A and 61B are composed of strain gauges, and convert a mechanical strain amount corresponding to an external force into an electric amount.
- the acceleration sensor 80 is embedded in the finger tip holding portion 51 on the back side of the thumb.
- the relational characteristic derivation unit 62 measures the measured values of the applied loads at a plurality of levels on the abdomen of the thumb, respectively, and based on the detection results of the pair of pressure-sensitive sensors 61A and 61B obtained for each measured value, the mother. The relationship characteristics between the load applied to the abdomen of the finger and the detection results of the pair of pressure-sensitive sensors 61A and 61B are derived.
- a test was conducted to measure the characteristics of the side force due to the horizontal deformation of the finger at the time of object contact.
- a finger equipped with pressure-sensitive sensors (strain gauges) 61A and 61B is placed still on a jig, and an applied load of 1 to 6 [N] is applied from above using a loading device (not shown). Is added to the abdomen of the fingertip, and the output values of the pressure-sensitive sensors 61A and 61B are measured three times each.
- the relationship between the applied load on the finger pad and the outputs of the pressure-sensitive sensors 61A and 61B is shown in the graph shown in FIG. Assuming that the outputs of the pressure-sensitive sensors 61A and 61B are x and the applied load to the finger pad is y, it is shown that estimation can be performed by a relational expression consisting of polynomials such as the following equations (2) and (3). Was done.
- the sensor output value is calibrated for each wearer by the calibration device 100 using the micro load cell 100A as shown in FIG. 21.
- the measurement performance evaluation test of the pressure sensitive sensors 61A and 61B was carried out. That is, a test was conducted to confirm the basic performance that the pressure sensors 61A and 61B can measure the force without disturbing the pad of the finger.
- the index finger is placed on the load cell 100A for 30 seconds after calibration using the above-mentioned calibration device 100 (FIG. 21).
- the operation of pressing and the operation of releasing are repeated alternately.
- the measurement is performed 5 times, and the average of the root mean square error (RMSE: Root Mean Square Error) between the estimated value and the measured value of the load cell 100A is calculated.
- RMSE Root Mean Square Error
- equation (3) which is a quadratic polynomial
- equation (4) which is a third-order polynomial
- equation (2) a concrete relational expression
- the inflection point is set in the range of 1 to 2 [N]. It is thought that the third-order polynomial with the finger can better express the properties of the finger and the error is smaller.
- FIG. 22 shows a graph for estimating the force of the fingertip when actually using a cubic polynomial as in Eq. (4).
- time [s] is shown on the horizontal axis and fingertip force [N] is shown on the vertical axis, and the waveform F2 which is an estimated value is almost the same as the waveform F1 which is a measured value of the load cell 100A. From the waveform of, it can be seen that the force of the fingertip can be estimated. Since the pressure-sensitive sensors 61A and 61B have monotonicity with respect to the force of the fingertips of 0 to 5 [N], they are practically sufficient to be used as information for sensory feedback.
- the mean square error (RMSE) of the estimated value and the measured value of the load cell 100A and the standard error are 0.201 ⁇ 0.0382 [N]. there were.
- the mean square error (RMSE) of the estimated value and the measured value of the load cell 100A and the standard error were 0.307 ⁇ 0.0270 [N].
- the calculation estimation unit 63 calculates the pressing force on the abdomen of the thumb at the time of object contact based on the relational characteristic (the above-mentioned cubic polynomial) calculated by the relational characteristic derivation unit 62. presume.
- the wearable finger movement support device 50 can measure the pressing force on the object while directly contacting the object to be gripped without disturbing the abdomen of the wearer's thumb.
- the tactile force sense information for the object is not impaired, and the mechanical properties of the skin that prevent deformation and slipping according to the object shape are not impaired. Can be obtained.
- the wearer is a paralyzed finger, it is very useful because it is possible to realize gripping motion assistance based on the tactile force sense information of the thumb.
- the wearable finger movement support device 50 can estimate the gripping force using the thumb by measuring the force on the side surface of the finger due to the horizontal deformation of the wearer's thumb.
- the wearable finger movement support device 50 is further provided with a sensory transmission unit 70 (FIG. 18), and the push is estimated by the calculation estimation unit 63 of the push pressure estimation unit 60. The pressure is fed back as a sensation to the abdomen of the wearer's thumb.
- the sensory transmission unit 70 is a terminal for giving a physical (mechanical, electrical, thermal, etc.) stimulus to a predetermined body surface of the wearer (for example, the arm surface or shoulder surface on the non-paralyzed arm side). It has a stimulus-giving unit 71 having a group.
- the sensory transmission unit 70 has a transmission setting unit 72 and a stimulus control unit 73.
- the transmission setting unit 72 sets the magnitude and transmission pattern of the sensation to be transmitted to the wearer according to the pressing pressure on the abdomen of the thumb obtained from the calculation estimation unit 63 of the pressing pressure estimation unit 60.
- the stimulus control unit 73 controls the terminal group of the stimulus application unit 71 according to the setting contents by the transmission setting unit 72.
- the wearer can recognize the stimulus corresponding to the pressing force on the abdomen of the thumb as a sensation through a predetermined body surface.
- the stimulus control unit 73 may be provided with a stimulus information display unit 74 that displays information according to the state of physical stimulation by the stimulus application unit 71.
- the stimulus information display unit 74 is composed of an LED element or the like whose brightness changes according to the content set by the transmission setting unit 72. As a result, the magnitude and transmission pattern of the sensation transmitted to the wearer by the stimulus applying unit 71 can be visually recognized from the outside via the stimulus information display unit 74.
- the pressure estimation unit 60 in the wearable finger movement support device 50 is further provided with an acceleration sensor 80 and a rigidity / softness estimation unit 81 (FIG. 18). As shown in FIG. 19A described above, the acceleration sensor 80 is provided on the finger tip holding portion 51 so as to be located on the back of the thumb when worn, and detects the acceleration of the thumb in the gripping direction.
- the rigidity estimation unit 81 estimates the rigidity of the object in contact with the abdomen of the thumb based on the detection results of the pair of pressure sensors 61A and 61B and the detection results of the acceleration sensor 80.
- the sensory transmission unit 70 combines the pressing force estimated by the calculation estimation unit 63 of the pressing pressure estimation unit 60 with the rigidity of the object estimated by the rigidity estimation unit 81, and the wearer's thumb. Feedback is transmitted as a sensation to the abdomen.
- the thumb responds to how much the acceleration in the gripping direction of the thumb by the acceleration sensor 80 reacts from the detection start timing of the pair of pressure sensors 61A and 61B. It is possible to estimate the stiffness of the object in contact with the abdomen.
- the wearable finger motion support device 50 is provided with at least one or more fingers (indicator, middle finger, ring finger, little finger) other than the wearer's thumb. ) May be applied in the same manner.
- a finger tip holding portion (first holding member) 51 is attached to the fingertips of the index finger and the middle finger, respectively, in addition to the thumb of the wearer.
- the bending wire W3 and the extending wire W4 are pulled out from the finger tip holding portion along the back side of the finger via the wire guide 91.
- the drive control unit 24 drives the wire so as to generate an assisting force in the internal muscle and / or the external muscle of each finger necessary for the flexion movement or extension movement of the index finger and the middle finger to which the finger tip holding portion 51 is attached.
- the portion 20 is controlled to alternately pull or relax the bending wire W3 or the stretching wire W4 corresponding to the movement.
- the tactile force sense information is acquired and gripped on at least one or more fingers other than the thumb of the wearing vehicle without disturbing the skin characteristics and sensory input of the abdomen. It is possible to build a system to assist.
- a test was conducted to confirm the performance of gripping force control of an object by using a wearable finger movement support device 90 to which the finger tip holding portion 51 is attached to the thumb, index finger and middle finger.
- the wearable finger movement support device 90 is attached to the left hand of the weakened wearer, and then the calibration device 100 (FIG. 21) using the micro load cell 100A as described above not only for the thumb but also for the index finger and the middle finger. Calibrate the sensor output values of the pressure sensitive sensors 61A and 61B.
- FIG. 26 (A) gripping operation support is performed for the columnar object CO, and an error with respect to the target gripping force is calculated for the gripping force of 10 to 15 [s].
- FIG. 26B shows a graph showing the relationship between the time and the gripping force in the case of the target gripping force 3 [N].
- the force from the start 5 [s] when the wearer starts to grip the object to 10 to 15 [s] where the gripping state is stable is measured.
- the measured gripping force is represented by the solid line F2 with respect to the target gripping force which is the dotted line F1.
- FIG. 27 (A) shows the relationship between the measured gripping force and the target gripping force
- FIG. 27 (B) shows the error with respect to the target gripping force. It was confirmed that the average error was within ⁇ 0.11 [N] including the standard deviation. It was also confirmed that the maximum value of the error with respect to the target value was 4.81% when the target gripping force was 1.0 [N].
- the object to be gripped has a different shape, it is confirmed that the object can be gripped with the target gripping force set for each and the gripping can be performed according to the shape of the object to be gripped. A test was conducted.
- the finger movement is assisted, and the object is grasped, maintained and released in the air.
- the thumb is gripped by switching between adductor pollicis and abduction according to the shape of the object to be gripped. It is considered that the grasped object could be grasped when the grasped object was maintained in the air for 5 [s].
- a 500 ml PET bottle (weight 538 [g]), a magic bottle containing contents (weight 300 [g]), a spoon for upper limb paralysis (weight 78 [g]), and a tennis ball (weight 58) can be gripped.
- Select 5 types of objects, [g]) and key (weight 16 [g]), and set the target gripping force to 4.5 [N], 2.5 [N], 1.0 [N], 1.0 [N], 1.0 [N, respectively. ] was set and the test was conducted.
- the test results are shown as graphs comparing the measured gripping forces with respect to the target gripping forces in FIGS. 29 (A) to 29 (E). From each graph, the target gripping force is used to grip both columnar and spherical objects with different diameters (grasping with the thumbs facing each other) and thin objects (grasping with the thumbs inverted). It has been demonstrated that it is possible.
- the wearable finger movement support device 90 in addition to the flexion and extension movements of the fingers, the adductor and abduction movements of the thumb are also assisted, and it is possible to grip objects of various shapes. I was able to confirm that.
- a finger tip holding portion 10 mounted so as to wrap the tip of the wearer's thumb and a finger tip holding portion 10
- An auxiliary ring portion 11 that is attached so as to wind around the base of the thumb
- an inductive connection portion of the Velcro® glove 12 that is attached so as to closely hold the base of the thumb and the wrist connected to the base.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and assists the thumb movement without hindering the degree of freedom of the thumb when gripping an object in daily life. If possible, other various configurations may be applied.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the opposite movement wire W1 and the adduction wire W2 may be composed of a series of the same wires.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the bending wire W3 and the extending wire W4 may be composed of a series of the same wires.
- stimulus application unit 72 ... Transmission setting unit, 73 ... Stimulation control unit, 74 ... Stimulation information display unit, 80 ... Acceleration sensor, 81 ... Rigidity / flexibility estimation unit, 91 ... Wire guide, W1 ... Conflict movement wire, W2 ... Adduction wire, W3 ... Bending wire, W4 ... Extension wire, PT ... Protective tube, P1 ... 1st pulley, P2 ... 2nd pulley.
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Abstract
Description
(1-1)手指の筋骨格系
人間の手における母指の対立は、人間が物を扱う上で重要な機能であり、様々なグリップを可能にしている。図1に左手側の母指の骨格および関節を示す。図1に示すように、母指には、手のひらの付け根に位置し、主に母指の対立に関与する手根中手関節(CM)と、中手指節間関節(MP)、指節間関節(IP)の3つの関節があり、このうち手根中手関節(CM)は、手のひらの付け根に位置し、主に母指の対立に関与する。手根中手関節(CM)は、2つの自由度を持つ鞍状の関節であり、人間が幅広い母指の動きを獲得することを可能とする。
母指の運動にはそれぞれ以下のような必要性が求められている。「母指の対立運動」においては、円柱状や球状のものを握るなど、日常生活でよく使われるグリップを実現するためには、母指を他の4本の指と対向する位置に移動させる必要がある。また「母指の内転運動」においては、側方把持を実現するためには、母指の内転を補助して人差し指に近づける必要がある。
図4および図5は本実施の形態による装着式手指動作支援装置1を示し、装着者の手(図では左手)に装着して、当該手の解剖学的構造に基づく腱駆動により母指の2つの自由度に応じた運動をアシストするようになされている。
図7に本実施の形態における装着式手指動作支援装置1の制御系の構成を示す。装着式手指動作支援装置1は、装着者の手指に装着される指先端保持部10、補助リング部11および誘導接続部13と、装着者の体表面に配置される信号検出部21と、装着者に装着せずにワイヤ群W1~W4を介して設置された外部駆動ユニット22とを有する。
図8(A)~(C)に示すように、線材駆動部20は、第1プーリP1および第1アクチュエータ20Aを一体としてスライド自在に保持する第1スライド保持部30と、第2プーリP2および第2アクチュエータ20Bを一体としてスライド自在に保持する第2スライド保持部31とを有する。
ここで伸展用ワイヤW4について、指先端保持部10から補助リング部11を経由して誘導接続部13までを多関節構造体40(図9)を用いて被覆させることにより、装着者の母指をワイヤ摺動による怪我等から保護するようになされている。
(6-1)母指の対立運動および内転運動
本実施の形態における装着式手指動作支援装置1を装着者の左手(利き手よりも弱い側の手)に装着して、母指の対立運動を補助することが可能か否かを実験により確認する。
本実施の形態における装着式手指動作支援装置1を装着者の左手(利き手よりも弱い側の手)に装着して、母指の屈曲運動および伸展運動を補助することが可能か否かを実験により確認する。
本実施の形態による装着式手指動作支援装置1を用いて、装着者が0.5〔kg〕の物体を保持するための力である4.29〔N〕以上の支援力を発揮することが可能か否かを確認すべく、母指の屈曲方向のアシスト力を測定した。
母指の動きのみでの把持動作が可能であることを確認するために、装着者として脳卒中患者を想定し、当該装着者が手を握りしめた状態で左腕に装着式手指動作支援装置1を装着し、側方把持を行った。その際、装着式手指動作支援装置1は、装着者の母指の伸展・屈曲を補助させるようにした。また、把持対象は、鍵やペンのような細い円筒状のもの、筒状のものなど、細くて小さなものを選定した。
(7-1)母指の動作補助
図4および図5との対応部分に同一符号を付して示す図16において、装着式手指動作支援装置50は、上述した装着式手指動作支援装置1とは、指先端保持部(第1保持部材)10および補助リング部(第2保持部材)11の構造が異なるとともに、把持動作補助および感覚機能補助の同時機能を実行するための制御回路(後述する押圧推定部60および感覚伝達部70)が設けられていることを除いて、ほぼ同一構成からなる。
この装着式手指動作支援装置50には、さらに感覚伝達部70が設けられ(図18)、押圧力推定部60の算出推定部63により推定された押圧力を、装着者の母指の腹部への感覚としてフィードバック伝達させるようになされている。
また装着式手指動作支援装置50では、把持対象となる物体が硬くない柔軟なものである場合に、当該物体の剛軟度を推定することにより、母指の腹部への押圧力と同時に物体の剛難度も装着者にフィードバック伝達するようになされている。
さらに装着式手指動作支援装置50は、装着者の母指以外の少なくとも1本以上の指(示指、中指、環指、小指)にも同様に適用されるようにしてもよい。
なお上述のように本実施の形態においては、装着式手指動作支援装置1として、装着者の母指の先端を包み込むように装着される指先端保持部10と、母指の基節を巻回するように装着される補助リング部11と、母指の根元および当該根元につながる手首を密着保持するように装着されるベルクロ(登録商標)グローブ12の誘導接続部13とを備える構成のものを適用した場合について述べたが、本発明はこれに限らず、日常生活において対象物を把持する際に母指の自由度を妨げることなく母指運動をアシストすることができれば、その他種々の構成のものを適用するようにしてもよい。
Claims (14)
- 装着者の母指の先端を包み込むように装着される第1保持部材と、
前記母指の基節を巻回するように装着される第2保持部材と、
前記母指の根元および当該根元につながる手首を密着保持するように装着される第3保持部材と、
一端が前記第1または第2保持部材のいずれかに固定され、前記母指の表面に沿って前記第3保持部材を中継してそれぞれ延伸された複数の線状部材と、
前記各線状部材の延伸部分を引っ張りまたは弛緩させるように駆動する線材駆動部と、
前記装着者の母指の内在筋および/または外在筋に相当する体表面に配置され、当該母指を動作させるための筋電位信号または生体信号を検出する信号検出部と、
前記信号検出部による検出結果に基づいて、前記装着者によって前記母指の対立運動、内転運動、屈曲運動または伸展運動のいずれかを判定する運動判定部と、
前記運動判定部により判定された運動に必要な前記母指の内在筋および/または外在筋に補助力を発生させるように、前記線材駆動部を制御して当該運動に対応する前記各線材部材を引っ張りまたは弛緩させる駆動制御部と
を備えることを特徴とする装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記複数の線状部材は、前記第2保持部材に固定され、前記母指の基節から当該母指を含む手のひらにある母指対立筋および母指内転筋に沿った方向にそれぞれ前記第3保持部材を中継して引き出された対立移動用ワイヤおよび内転用ワイヤを有し、
前記信号検出部は、前記母指の内在筋のうち母指対立筋および母指内転筋に相当する体表面からの筋電位信号または生体信号を検出し、
前記運動判定部は、前記信号検出部による検出結果に基づいて、前記装着者によって前記母指の対立運動または内転運動を判定し、
前記駆動制御部は、前記運動判定部により判定された前記母指の対立運動または内転運動の開始タイミングに同期して、前記対立移動用ワイヤまたは前記内転用ワイヤを交互に引っ張りまたは弛緩させるように前記線材駆動部を制御する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記線材駆動部は、前記第1~第3保持部材と別体に設けられ、
前記第2保持部材を基点として引き出される前記対立移動用ワイヤおよび前記内転用ワイヤの延伸部分がそれぞれ固定接続された所定径の第1プーリと、
前記第1プーリが出力軸に係合された第1アクチュエータと
を備え、前記第1アクチュエータの前記出力軸の回転力を、前記第1プーリを介して前記対立移動用ワイヤまたは前記内転用ワイヤに伝達させる
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記線材駆動部は、前記第1プーリおよび前記第1アクチュエータを一体としてスライド自在に保持する第1スライド保持部を有し、
前記第1スライド保持部は、前記対立移動用ワイヤおよび前記内転用ワイヤがそれぞれ挿通される固定長チューブを介して前記第3保持部材と接続され、
前記第1スライド保持部に対して前記第1プーリおよび前記第1アクチュエータをスライドさせるようにして、前記第1および第2保持部材の間における前記対立移動用ワイヤおよび前記内転用ワイヤの長さを調整可能とする
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記複数の線状部材は、前記第1保持部材に固定され、前記母指の先端から腹側および背側に沿った方向に前記第2保持部材を介してそれぞれ前記第3保持部材を中継して引き出された屈曲用ワイヤおよび伸展用ワイヤを有し、
前記信号検出部は、前記母指の外在筋のうち当該母指から腱を介した上腕部にある長母指屈筋および長母指伸筋に相当する体表面からの筋電位信号または生体信号を検出し、
前記運動判定部は、前記信号検出部による検出結果に基づいて、前記装着者によって前記母指の屈曲運動または伸展運動を判定し、
前記駆動制御部は、前記運動判定部により判定された前記母指の屈曲運動または伸展運動の開始タイミングに同期して、前記屈曲用ワイヤまたは前記伸展用ワイヤを交互に引っ張りまたは弛緩させるように前記線材駆動部を制御する
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記線材駆動部は、前記第1~第3保持部材と別体に設けられ、
前記第1保持部材を基点として前記第2保持部材を介して引き出される前記屈曲用ワイヤおよび前記伸展用ワイヤの延伸部分がそれぞれ固定接続された所定径の第2プーリと、
前記第2プーリが出力軸に係合された第2アクチュエータと
を備え、前記第2アクチュエータの前記出力軸の回転力を、前記第2プーリを介して前記屈曲用ワイヤまたは前記伸展用ワイヤに伝達させる
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記線材駆動部は、前記第2プーリおよび前記第2アクチュエータを一体としてスライド自在に保持する第2スライド保持部を有し、
前記第2スライド保持部は、前記屈曲用ワイヤおよび前記伸展用ワイヤがそれぞれ挿通される固定長チューブを介して前記第3保持部材と接続され、
前記第2スライド保持部に対して前記第2プーリおよび前記第2アクチュエータをスライドさせるようにして、前記第1および第2保持部材の間における前記屈曲用ワイヤおよび前記伸展用ワイヤの長さを調整可能とする
ことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 直列するリンク同士が相対的に回転可能に連結され、全ての前記リンクが一体となって湾曲自在に変形可能な多関節構造体をさらに備え、
前記多関節構造体は、すべての前記各リンクの内部に前記伸展用ワイヤが挿通された状態で、当該伸展用ワイヤの一端が固定される前記第1保持部材から前記第2保持部材を経由して前記第3保持部材までに沿って設けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記多関節構造体は、前記各リンク同士が分離自在に連結され、所望数の前記リンクを挿入又は抜去することにより、先頭の前記リンクから後尾の前記リンクまでの長さが調整可能である
ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記第1保持部材は、前記装着者の母指の腹部が露出するように開口が形成され、
前記第1保持部材に設けられ、前記開口を介した物体接触時における前記母指の腹部の変形状態に基づいて、当該母指の腹部への押圧力を推定する押圧力推定部と、
前記押圧力推定部により推定された押圧力を、前記装着者の母指の腹部への感覚としてフィードバック伝達させる感覚伝達部と
を備えることを特徴とする請求項1から9までのいずれかに記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記押圧力推定部は、
装着時に前記母指の両側面と当接するように前記第1保持部材に設けられ、当該母指の両側面から印加される押圧力をそれぞれ検出する一対の感圧センサと、
前記母指の腹部に対する複数レベルの印加荷重の実測値をそれぞれ測定しておき、当該実測値ごとに得られる前記一対の感圧センサの検出結果に基づいて、前記母指の腹部に加わる荷重と前記一対の感圧センサの検出結果との関係特性を導き出す関係特性導出部と、
前記関係特性導出部により算出された前記関係特性に基づいて、前記物体接触時における前記母指の腹部への押圧力を算出して推定する算出推定部と
を備えることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記感覚伝達部は、
前記装着者の所定の体表に対して物理的な刺激を与えるための端子群を有する刺激付与部と、
前記算出推定部から得られる前記母指の腹部への押圧力に応じて、前記装着者に伝達させる感覚の大きさおよび伝達パターンを設定する伝達設定部と、
前記伝達設定部による設定内容に従って、前記刺激付与部の端子群をそれぞれ制御する刺激制御部と
を備えることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記押圧力推定部は、
装着時に前記母指の背部に位置するように前記第1保持部材に設けられ、当該母指の把持方向への加速度を検出する加速度センサと、
前記一対の感圧センサの検出結果と前記加速度センサによる検出結果とに基づいて、前記母指の腹部に接触する前記物体の剛軟度を推定する剛軟度推定部とをさらに備え、
前記感覚伝達部における前記伝達設定部は、
前記算出推定部により推定された押圧力を、前記剛軟度推定部により推定された前記物体の剛難度を併せた状態で、前記装着者に伝達させる感覚の大きさおよび伝達パターンとして設定する
ことを特徴とする請求項12に記載の装着式手指動作支援装置。 - 前記請求項5から13までに記載の装着式手指動作支援装置は、前記装着者の母指以外の少なくとも1本以上の指(示指、中指、環指、小指)にも同様に適用され、
前記駆動制御部は、前記第1保持部材が装着される前記母指以外の各指の屈曲運動または伸展運動に必要な当該各指の内在筋および/または外在筋に補助力を発生させるように、前記線材駆動部を制御して当該運動に対応する前記屈曲用ワイヤまたは前記伸展用ワイヤを交互に引っ張りまたは弛緩させる
ことを特徴とする装着式手指動作支援装置。
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| EP21832274.1A EP4173611B1 (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Wearable finger-motion assistance device |
| US18/003,885 US20230263644A1 (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Wearable hand-finger motion support apparatus |
| JP2022534092A JP7312327B2 (ja) | 2020-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | 装着式手指動作支援装置 |
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| US10888487B1 (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2021-01-12 | United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Grasp assist system |
| WO2022043843A1 (en) * | 2020-08-22 | 2022-03-03 | Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) | Hand exoskeleton for rehabilitation and assistance of hand motor functions |
| CN114129176B (zh) * | 2021-11-02 | 2024-11-19 | 浙江大学医学院附属第一医院 | 一种融和多源刺激的新型上肢康复训练系统 |
| KR102633393B1 (ko) * | 2023-01-25 | 2024-02-05 | 박효준 | 손가락의 능동 운동을 보조하는 장치 |
| CN117224356B (zh) * | 2023-08-29 | 2026-06-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种用于康复医疗的手部外骨骼 |
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| JP2010240285A (ja) * | 2009-04-09 | 2010-10-28 | Univ Of Tsukuba | 装着式動作補助装置 |
| KR20190081891A (ko) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 한국과학기술원 | 손가락 운동 보조 장치 |
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| JP2010240285A (ja) * | 2009-04-09 | 2010-10-28 | Univ Of Tsukuba | 装着式動作補助装置 |
| KR20190081891A (ko) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 한국과학기술원 | 손가락 운동 보조 장치 |
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| CN114536310A (zh) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-05-27 | 安徽工业大学 | 一种仿生人工肌肉的抗压力检测装置及方法 |
| CN114536310B (zh) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-07-21 | 安徽工业大学 | 一种仿生人工肌肉的抗压力检测装置及方法 |
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| EP4173611B1 (en) | 2025-04-16 |
| EP4173611A4 (en) | 2024-07-24 |
| US20230263644A1 (en) | 2023-08-24 |
| JPWO2022004810A1 (ja) | 2022-01-06 |
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