WO2022128121A1 - Dispositif pour la génération électrolytique d'hydrogène - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la génération électrolytique d'hydrogène Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2022128121A1
WO2022128121A1 PCT/EP2020/087012 EP2020087012W WO2022128121A1 WO 2022128121 A1 WO2022128121 A1 WO 2022128121A1 EP 2020087012 W EP2020087012 W EP 2020087012W WO 2022128121 A1 WO2022128121 A1 WO 2022128121A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plastic components
plastic
stack
parts
environment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2020/087012
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Höller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoeller Electrolyzer GmbH
Original Assignee
Hoeller Electrolyzer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoeller Electrolyzer GmbH filed Critical Hoeller Electrolyzer GmbH
Priority to PCT/EP2020/087012 priority Critical patent/WO2022128121A1/fr
Publication of WO2022128121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022128121A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C25B9/75—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having bipolar electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C25B9/77—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the electrolytic generation of hydrogen by means of electrolytic cells of the PEM type, which are arranged in a stack, a so-called stack, and which has components made of plastic.
  • Such components may be made of either all or part plastic and typically, but not necessarily, serve as an insulator.
  • Such electrolysis stacks are state-of-the-art today and are used in well-ventilated rooms to ensure that in the event of any leaks, be it in the stack or in the outgoing lines, the escaping hydrogen does not form an explosive mixture with the oxygen in the air ( oxyhydrogen mixture) can form.
  • an explosive mixture is already formed in the air if the hydrogen content is between 4 and 76% by volume, i.e. in a very wide concentration range.
  • the removal of unintentionally escaping hydrogen can be ensured relatively reliably by good ventilation, with the fact that the hydrogen gas is extremely light and permeable to numerous materials such as aluminum or concrete, which promotes exhaust air.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a generic device for the electrolytic generation of hydrogen using electrolytic cells of the PEM type in such a way that the risk of such an oxyhydrogen explosion is reliably prevented, or at least significantly reduced.
  • the device according to the invention for the electrolytic production of hydrogen by means of electrolytic cells of the PEM type, which are arranged in a stack, a so-called stack, has components that consist entirely or at least partially of plastic.
  • these plastic components, at least parts of these plastic components that are connected to the environment of the device, are equipped with electrical properties that ensure increased safety (type of protection “increased safety”) Ex e.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to equip such a device with a type of protection of increased safety, ie to make the device safe in itself, so that even if there is insufficient ventilation in the area or an exceptionally large escape of hydrogen, even if an explosive gas mixture is reached due to the increased Security of the device ignition this gas mixture can be excluded by the device itself.
  • a type of protection of increased safety ie to make the device safe in itself, so that even if there is insufficient ventilation in the area or an exceptionally large escape of hydrogen, even if an explosive gas mixture is reached due to the increased Security of the device ignition this gas mixture can be excluded by the device itself.
  • the electrolysis stacks are thus constructed with increased safety in order to reliably prevent an oxyhydrogen explosion independently of the ventilation.
  • Increased safety within the meaning of the present invention is to be understood as the "increased safety" type of protection, also Ex e, as increased safety for electrical equipment in gas.
  • the environment is to be understood as meaning the area which carries oxygen, ie typically the air surrounding the electrolysis stack.
  • the environment can also be formed by the surrounding protective gas when the stack is operated under a protective gas atmosphere.
  • Parts of plastic components within the meaning of the present invention that are connected to the environment can also be the surfaces of plastic components if, for example, the plastic component is equipped with an appropriate coating that has the appropriate electrical properties for increased safety.
  • plastic parts within the meaning of the present invention also include all other non-metal parts.
  • Such an increased security can be ensured that parts of a plastic component or the plastic component itself is designed in such a way that the maximum possible electrical charge satisfies the requirements for increased security. This is typically and advantageously the case when the surface resistance is less than 1 ⁇ at 50 ( ⁇ 5) % relative humidity and/or less than 100 ⁇ at a relative humidity of 30 ( ⁇ 5) %.
  • the increased safety can be formed not only by the configuration of the surface resistance of a plastic component or a part thereof, but also or advantageously additionally by the configuration with regard to the maximum possible charging.
  • Carbon fibers, soot particles, graphite bodies and/or similar carbon products can be used as additives which are electrically conductive.
  • Carbon-based additives are one way of achieving the aforementioned electrical properties for increased safety; alternatively or additionally, the conductive substances that are added to the plastic can be formed by metal particles, metal fibers or other metal-based substances.
  • the frames of bipolar plates are advantageously designed as plastic components. With regard to their electrical properties, these frames must therefore be configured in accordance with the aforementioned features.
  • Such plastic components are advantageously the plates between the cell stack and the end plates between which the cell stacks are clamped.
  • plastic components according to the invention can be formed by sleeves, which surround the latter between the through-holes in the stack and the tie rods running through them are arranged and which serve to prevent a short circuit of the plates in the stack by the tie rods, which are typically made of metal.
  • the device according to the invention is designed in such a way that it corresponds to protection class IP44, preferably protection class IP54.
  • protection class IP44 preferably protection class IP54.
  • This ensures another safety aspect of the device, namely electrical safety from the outside, which is important in particular for the operating personnel, but also for operational safety in the event of external influences, such as water ingress through rain and the like.
  • plastic components or plastic coatings, coatings or the like are to be provided, which are arranged on electrically conductive surfaces accessible from the outside, which are subjected to a voltage during operation, as is typically the case for the current supply plates. These must be insulated from the outside as well as in the area of the electrical connections of these current supply plates unless they are protected by attachments. These plastic components are also conditioned in the prescribed manner to ensure increased safety.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrolysis stack according to the invention in a greatly simplified schematic view
  • FIG. 2 shows the electrolysis stack according to FIG. 1 in an exploded view.
  • the electrolysis stack shown in the figures has, for example, three PEM-type electrolysis cells connected in series and is used solely to explain the structure of such a stack. In practical applications, a large number of such cells will be integrated into a stack.
  • the electrolysis stack has two end plates 1 and 2, between which the electrolysis cells are clamped in contact with one another.
  • Each end plate 1, 2 is adjoined by an insulating plate 3 made of plastic, which electrically insulates the end plate from an energizing plate 4 which is in contact with the insulating plate 3 on the other side and via which the electrolysis stack is supplied with electrical energy.
  • Each current supply plate 4 has a tongue 6 protruding beyond the cross-sectional contour of the stack as a connection for the power supply.
  • One tongue 6 forms the positive pole of the electrolysis stack and the other tongue 6 forms the negative pole.
  • a corresponding power supply is connected via these tongues 6 .
  • These current supply plates 4 are encased with an insulating plastic 5 around their circumference and in the area of the tongues 6 that is not covered by the connecting component when connected, in order to ensure that they are safe to touch during operation.
  • An electrolytic cell consists of a PEM membrane 7 (Polymer Electrolyte Membrane), i.e. a proton exchange membrane, which is coated on both sides in a manner known per se with catalytically active electrodes made of platinum and/or iridium and/or a mixture of Platinum and / or iridium and / or other metals and / or oxides of the aforementioned metals are formed.
  • This PEM membrane 7 is surrounded on both sides by bipolar plates 8, which have a plastic frame 9 in which the actual bipolar plate is integrated, via which the reactants are transferred to the PEM membrane 7 are introduced and via which the electrical connection between adjacent electrolytic cells takes place.
  • the electrolytic cells formed in this way are arranged in the electrolytic stack in an electrically conductive manner adjacent to one another and are therefore connected in series. The components are sealed to each other with seals.
  • the PEM membranes 7, the current supply plates 4 and the insulating plates 3 are mutually aligned recesses which form channels running perpendicularly through the electrolysis stack, namely a channel 10 for the water supply, a channel 11 for the removal of water and the removal of oxygen and a channel 12 for the removal of hydrogen.
  • These channels 10 to 12 pass through the upper end plate 1 and open into corresponding line connections in a connection plate 13 arranged there.
  • the electrolytic cells are braced between the end plates 1 and 2 with the incorporation of the insulating plates 3 and the current supply plates 4 via tie rods 14, which are fixed with the incorporation of plate spring assemblies 15 by means of nuts 16 on both sides of the end plates 1 and 2.
  • tie rods 14 In order to prevent a short circuit within the stack caused by these tie rods 14, they are protected by electrically insulating plastic sleeves 17 in the area of the electrolysis stack.
  • the aforementioned plastic components are designed to be electrically insulating, with the plastic being selected such that these components have a surface resistance that is less than I GO at 50% relative humidity and less than 100 ⁇ at 30% relative humidity.
  • the plastic components in the present version are designed in such a way that a maximum possible charge of 10 nanocoulombs cannot be exceeded.
  • the tracking resistance of these components has a CTI value of approx. 200.
  • the plastic used here is a polyamide, namely a base material made of PA66, which has the aforementioned electrical properties due to the addition of antistatic agents.
  • the seals provided in the bipolar plates not only ensure that the channels 10 to 12 within the electrolysis stack are sealed off from the outside, but also provide protection from the inside, so that the stack has reliable protection against splashing water from the outside.
  • the stack has complete protection against accidental contact, which is not described in detail here, but which, insofar as it consists of insulating plastic, also corresponds to the intrinsically safe electrical properties of the plastic components described above.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour la production électrolytique d'hydrogène au moyen de cellules d'électrolyse du type PEM, qui sont disposées pour former une pile, le dispositif comprenant des composants (3, 9, 17) en matière plastique, et étant caractérisé en ce qu'au moins des parties des composants en matière plastique (3, 9, 17), qui sont en contact avec l'environnement du dispositif, ont des propriétés électriques qui satisfont aux exigences pour une sécurité accrue « Ex e ».
PCT/EP2020/087012 2020-12-18 2020-12-18 Dispositif pour la génération électrolytique d'hydrogène Ceased WO2022128121A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2020/087012 WO2022128121A1 (fr) 2020-12-18 2020-12-18 Dispositif pour la génération électrolytique d'hydrogène

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2020/087012 WO2022128121A1 (fr) 2020-12-18 2020-12-18 Dispositif pour la génération électrolytique d'hydrogène

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022128121A1 true WO2022128121A1 (fr) 2022-06-23

Family

ID=74187235

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2020/087012 Ceased WO2022128121A1 (fr) 2020-12-18 2020-12-18 Dispositif pour la génération électrolytique d'hydrogène

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2022128121A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023201481A1 (de) 2023-02-21 2024-08-22 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Regenerieren einer Elektrolysezelle mit einer Membran-Elektroden-Anordnung
WO2024223662A1 (fr) * 2023-04-28 2024-10-31 John Cockerill Hydrogen Belgium Plaque bipolaire multifonction, cellule electrolytique et electrolyseur en comportant
WO2025010460A1 (fr) * 2023-07-13 2025-01-16 H2i GreenHydrogen GmbH Dispositif pour la mise en œuvre d'un procédé électrochimique
EP4647535A1 (fr) * 2024-05-10 2025-11-12 Sunfire SE Séparateur pour l'isolation électrique de cellules d'électrolyse
WO2025233183A1 (fr) * 2024-05-06 2025-11-13 Elringklinger Ag Dispositif électrochimique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090301868A1 (en) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-10 General Electric Company Methods and systems for assembling electrolyzer stacks
DE102012111229A1 (de) * 2012-11-21 2014-05-22 Eisenhuth Gmbh & Co. Kg Bipolarplatte für einen PEM-Stapelreaktor
KR20200023838A (ko) * 2018-08-27 2020-03-06 (주)이지아이에스 브라운 가스 발생장치
WO2020160424A1 (fr) * 2019-02-01 2020-08-06 Aquahydrex, Inc. Système électrochimique à électrolyte confiné

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090301868A1 (en) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-10 General Electric Company Methods and systems for assembling electrolyzer stacks
DE102012111229A1 (de) * 2012-11-21 2014-05-22 Eisenhuth Gmbh & Co. Kg Bipolarplatte für einen PEM-Stapelreaktor
KR20200023838A (ko) * 2018-08-27 2020-03-06 (주)이지아이에스 브라운 가스 발생장치
WO2020160424A1 (fr) * 2019-02-01 2020-08-06 Aquahydrex, Inc. Système électrochimique à électrolyte confiné

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DE SILVA Y SANATH K ET AL: "Performance comparison of mono-polar and bi-polar configurations of alkaline electrolysis stack through 3-D modelling and experimental fabrication", RENEWABLE ENERGY, PERGAMON PRESS, OXFORD, GB, vol. 149, 20 December 2019 (2019-12-20), pages 760 - 772, XP086046537, ISSN: 0960-1481, [retrieved on 20191220], DOI: 10.1016/J.RENENE.2019.12.087 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102023201481A1 (de) 2023-02-21 2024-08-22 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Regenerieren einer Elektrolysezelle mit einer Membran-Elektroden-Anordnung
WO2024223662A1 (fr) * 2023-04-28 2024-10-31 John Cockerill Hydrogen Belgium Plaque bipolaire multifonction, cellule electrolytique et electrolyseur en comportant
BE1031574B1 (fr) * 2023-04-28 2024-12-10 John Cockerill Hydrogen Belgium Plaque bipolaire multifonction, cellule électrolytique et électrolyseur en comportant
WO2025010460A1 (fr) * 2023-07-13 2025-01-16 H2i GreenHydrogen GmbH Dispositif pour la mise en œuvre d'un procédé électrochimique
WO2025233183A1 (fr) * 2024-05-06 2025-11-13 Elringklinger Ag Dispositif électrochimique
EP4647535A1 (fr) * 2024-05-10 2025-11-12 Sunfire SE Séparateur pour l'isolation électrique de cellules d'électrolyse

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2022128121A1 (fr) Dispositif pour la génération électrolytique d'hydrogène
DE4443945C1 (de) PEM-Brennstoffzelle
EP3371841B1 (fr) Dispositif d'étanchéite pour traversée de borne
DE102014218900B4 (de) Spannungsüberwachungseinrichtung für Stapel
DE102017115872B4 (de) Brennstoffzellenstapel, bei dem das Eindringen von Wasser in ein Gehäuse bei der Kontaktfläche zwischen einer Endplatte und dem Gehäuse verhindert werden kann
DE60217138T2 (de) Elektrische kontaktvorrichtung für eine brennstoffzelle
EP2389704A1 (fr) Élément de batterie à enveloppe
DE102014210358A1 (de) Brennstoffzellenstapel mit einer dummyzelle
WO2009103525A1 (fr) Batterie comportant plusieurs cellules individuelles
DE102016004306A1 (de) Brennstoffzellenstapel, Brennstoffzellensystem, Fahrzeug und Verfahren zum Fertigen eines Brennstoffzellenstapels
DE102015118488A1 (de) Brennstoffzellenstapel
DE10033898A1 (de) Hochtemperaturbrennstoffzelle
DE102009003074A1 (de) Elektrochemische Zelle zur Gewinnung elektrischer Energie
DE102014202215A1 (de) Brennstoffzellenstapel sowie Verfahren zu seiner Montage
EP2130256A2 (fr) Pile de cellules électrochimiques de construction légère
EP3149796A2 (fr) Boîtier de pile à combustible
DE102013209382A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Isolieren des freiliegenden Aufladungsteils eines Brennstoffzellenstapels
DE102016205043A1 (de) Brennstoffzellenstapel und Brennstoffzellensystem mit einem solchen Brennstoffzellenstapel
DE102008059963B4 (de) Einzelzelle für eine Batterie und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE102005014077A1 (de) Interkonnenktor für Hochtemperaturbrennstoffzellen
EP1084517A1 (fr) Procede de production d'une electrode et electrode destinee a une pile a combustible
EP1358692B1 (fr) Pile a combustible
DE102008030080B4 (de) Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Brennstoffzelle und Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Brennstoffzellenstapels
DE102012217442A1 (de) Batteriezelle mit Anordnung zum einfachen Wechseln eines Gehäusepotentials
DE102019103614B4 (de) Überstromschutzvorrichtung für eine Energiespeicherzelle, Elektrode für eine Energiespeicherzelle, Energiespeicherzelle und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Elektrode für eine Energiespeicherzelle

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20842565

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 20842565

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1