WO2022158331A1 - シリコン含有膜の形成方法及び処理装置 - Google Patents
シリコン含有膜の形成方法及び処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- H10P14/3404—Deposited materials, e.g. layers characterised by the chemical composition being Group IVA materials
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- H10P14/668—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of insulating materials characterised by the type of materials the materials being characterised by the deposition precursor materials
- H10P14/6681—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of insulating materials characterised by the type of materials the materials being characterised by the deposition precursor materials the precursor containing a compound comprising Si
- H10P14/6682—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of insulating materials characterised by the type of materials the materials being characterised by the deposition precursor materials the precursor containing a compound comprising Si the compound being a silane, e.g. disilane, methylsilane or chlorosilane
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- H10P14/69—Inorganic materials
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- H10P14/414—Deposition of metallic or metal-silicide materials of metal-silicide materials
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method of forming a silicon-containing film and a processing apparatus.
- a technique of embedding silicon in a contact hole by thermal CVD is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a reactive gas comprising one or more of SiH4 , Si2H6 , Si3H8 , Si4H10 and a diluent or carrier gas is applied to the surface of the pretreated substrate. is known to deposit a fluid silicon layer (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
- JP-A-6-5540 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-516079 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-517097
- the present disclosure provides a technology capable of forming a silicon-containing film in a recess with a high aspect ratio by bottom-up growth.
- a method for forming a silicon-containing film according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a method for forming a silicon-containing film in a concave portion formed on a surface of a substrate, comprising: (a) a substrate adjusted to a first temperature; exposing the substrate to a plasma generated from a process gas containing silane to form a flowable film in the recess; and (b) thermally treating the substrate at a second temperature higher than the first temperature to form the flowable film. and a step of curing.
- a silicon-containing film can be formed in a recess with a high aspect ratio by bottom-up growth.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing an example of a method for forming a silicon-containing film according to an embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the reaction mechanism of the method for forming a silicon-containing film according to the embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the reaction mechanism of the method for forming a silicon-containing film according to the embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the reaction mechanism of the method for forming a silicon-containing film according to the embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the reaction mechanism of the method for forming a silicon-containing film according to the embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the reaction mechanism of the method for forming a silicon-containing film according to the embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the reaction mechanism of the method for forming a silicon-containing film according to the embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining embedding characteristics of a silicon-containing film in an embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining embedding characteristics of a silicon-containing film in an embodiment
- a diagram for explaining the embedding characteristics of a silicon-containing film in a conventional method A diagram for explaining the embedding characteristics of a silicon-containing film in a conventional method.
- a diagram for explaining the embedding characteristics of a silicon-containing film in a conventional method A diagram showing an example of a processing apparatus for carrying out a method for forming a silicon-containing film according to an embodiment.
- the method for forming a silicon-containing film of the embodiment has a step S1 of preparing a substrate, a step S2 of forming a fluid film, and a step S3 of curing the fluid film.
- a substrate having recesses formed on its surface is prepared.
- the substrate may be, for example, a semiconductor wafer.
- the recesses may be trenches, holes, for example.
- step S2 of forming a fluid film the substrate adjusted to the first temperature is exposed to plasma generated from a processing gas containing halogen-containing silane to form a fluid film in the concave portion.
- Halogen-containing silanes are represented, for example, by Si n H x Z 2n+2-x (where Z is F, Cl, Br or I, n is a natural number of 1 or more, and x is 1 to 2n+2-1). may be one or more of the asymmetric silanes.
- the first temperature is the temperature at which a flowable film is formed in the recesses when the substrate is exposed to a plasma generated from a process gas containing a halogen-containing silane.
- the first temperature may be, for example, 80° C. or lower.
- the plasma can be, for example, a capacitively coupled plasma, an inductively coupled plasma, a microwave plasma.
- a halogen-containing silane having a small number of Si bonds and a low molecular weight and high fluidity is preferable.
- the halogen-containing silane penetrates deep into the complex structure by capillary action, so that the complex structure can be filled with a silicon-containing film without voids or seams.
- Complex structures include, for example, high aspect ratio recesses (eg, trenches and holes with aspect ratios greater than 20) and recesses having structures that expand inside.
- Low-molecular-weight halogen-containing silanes with a small number of Si bonds and high fluidity include, for example, SiH x Z 4-x (where Z is F, Cl, Br, or I, and x is 1, 2, or 3). , Si 2 H x Z 6-x (where Z is F, Cl, Br or I and x is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5), and combinations thereof.
- a specific example of the halogen-containing silane is dichlorosilane (DCS: SiH 2 Cl 2 ).
- the process gas preferably contains halogen-free silane in addition to halogen-containing silane.
- the halogen-free silane may be, for example, one or more gases represented by Si x H 2+2x (where x is a natural number of 1 or more). Specific examples of halogen-free silanes include monosilane (SiH 4 ) and disilane (Si 2 H 6 ).
- the processing gas may contain a metal-containing gas. That is, a metal-containing gas may be added to the halogen-containing silane. Thereby, metal silicide can be formed.
- the metal-containing gas may be gas containing metal elements such as aluminum (Al), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni).
- Specific examples of metal-containing gases include organometallic compounds such as trimethylaluminum (TMA).
- the processing gas may contain a diluent gas. That is, a diluent gas may be added to the halogen-containing silane.
- a diluent gas may be hydrogen (H2), helium (He), nitrogen ( N2 ), argon (Ar), and combinations thereof.
- nitrous oxide (N 2 O), oxygen (O 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and carbon monoxide (CO) may be added to the diluent gas as additive gases.
- the substrate having the fluid film formed in the recess is heat-treated at a second temperature higher than the first temperature to harden the fluid film and form a silicon-containing film.
- Si--H groups and Si--Cl groups undergo a bonding reaction between a plurality of oligomers constituting the fluid film, and a solidification treatment by a condensation reaction occurs while fluidity is maintained, resulting in a non-porous film.
- a dense silicon-containing film is formed.
- the second temperature is a temperature that can cure the flowable film.
- the second temperature may be, for example, 150° C. or higher and 750° C. or lower.
- the step S3 of curing the fluid film is performed without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere after the step S2 of forming the fluid film, from the viewpoint of suppressing impurities such as oxygen from being taken into the silicon-containing film. preferably. That is, the step S2 of forming the fluid film and the step S3 of curing the fluid film are preferably performed continuously under a vacuum atmosphere.
- the step S3 of curing the fluid film is preferably performed within a short time (for example, within 60 seconds) after the step S2 of forming the fluid film.
- the fluid film embedded in the recess in the step S2 of forming the fluid film can be solidified by the condensation reaction while maintaining its fluidity.
- a non-porous and dense membrane is formed.
- the substrate it is preferable to expose the substrate to plasma generated from H 2 (hereinafter also referred to as “H 2 plasma”).
- H 2 plasma plasma generated from H 2
- the fluid film can be cured while removing impurities contained in the fluid film. Therefore, the in-film impurity concentration of the silicon-containing film embedded in the recess can be reduced.
- VHF wave frequency band
- the substrate may be irradiated with ultraviolet rays (UV).
- the substrate adjusted to the first temperature is exposed to plasma generated from a processing gas containing halogen-containing silane to form a fluid film on the concave portion. to form The substrate is then heat treated at a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature to cure the flowable film.
- the liquid oligomer deposited on the substrate 100 penetrates deep into the narrow structure (recess 101) due to capillary action.
- the fluidity is maintained even at the stage of heat-treating the substrate 100 to solidify the fluid film, Cl, H, etc. desorb and condense, and Si condenses and solidifies on the bottom 102 of the recess 101 . Therefore, the silicon-containing film 103 can be formed in the recess 101 with a high aspect ratio by bottom-up growth.
- the processing gas used when forming the fluid film contains halogen-containing silane.
- halogen is contained in the oligomer constituting the fluid film, so that H can be efficiently removed when the fluid film is solidified by heat treatment.
- a stable silicon-containing film can be formed.
- the process gas for forming the fluid film does not contain halogen-containing silane, for example, if it contains only high-order silane, it is difficult to remove H during solidification of the fluid film by heat treatment.
- FIG. 6 shows the case where the silicon-containing film 103 is embedded in a portion of the recess 101 including the bottom 102 without completely filling the recess 101. It can also be applied to complete embedding. Similarly, when the recess 101 is completely buried, the liquid oligomer deposited on the substrate 100 penetrates deep into the recess 101 by capillary action, and Si condenses and solidifies while maintaining fluidity. Therefore, the silicon-containing film 103 can be formed in the recess 101 with a high aspect ratio by bottom-up growth, and as shown in FIG.
- the blockage of the opening 104 is removed by reactive ion etching (RIE: Reactive Ion Etching) (see FIG. 9B), and then a film is formed (see FIG. 9C). It has improved embedding characteristics. In other words, film formation (deposition) and etching are alternately repeated to fill the concave portion 101 with a film, thereby improving the filling characteristics.
- RIE reactive ion etching
- the processing apparatus for performing the step S3 of curing the fluid film may have the same configuration as the processing apparatus for performing the step S2 of forming the fluid film.
- the processing apparatus 1 performs silicon nitride deposition on a semiconductor wafer (hereinafter referred to as "wafer W"), which is an example of a substrate, by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method using plasma. It is an apparatus for forming a film.
- the processing apparatus 1 includes a substantially cylindrical airtight processing container 2 .
- An exhaust chamber 21 is provided in the central portion of the bottom wall of the processing container 2 .
- the exhaust chamber 21 has, for example, a substantially cylindrical shape protruding downward.
- An exhaust passage 22 is connected to the exhaust chamber 21 , for example, on the side surface of the exhaust chamber 21 .
- An exhaust section 24 is connected to the exhaust passage 22 via a pressure adjustment section 23 .
- the pressure adjustment unit 23 includes, for example, a pressure adjustment valve such as a butterfly valve.
- the exhaust passage 22 is configured such that the inside of the processing chamber 2 can be decompressed by the exhaust section 24 .
- a transfer port 25 is provided on the side surface of the processing container 2 .
- the transfer port 25 is configured to be openable and closable by a gate valve 26 . Wafers W are carried in and out between the processing container 2 and a transfer chamber (not shown) through a transfer port 25 .
- a mounting table 3 for holding the wafer W substantially horizontally is provided in the processing container 2 .
- the mounting table 3 has a substantially circular shape in plan view and is supported by a support member 31 .
- a substantially circular concave portion 32 is formed on the surface of the mounting table 3 for mounting a wafer W having a diameter of 300 mm, for example.
- the recess 32 has an inner diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the wafer W (for example, about 1 mm to 4 mm).
- the depth of the concave portion 32 is substantially the same as the thickness of the wafer W, for example.
- the mounting table 3 is made of a ceramic material such as aluminum nitride (AlN).
- the mounting table 3 may be made of a metal material such as nickel (Ni).
- a guide ring for guiding the wafer W may be provided on the periphery of the surface of the mounting table 3 instead of the recess 32 .
- a grounded lower electrode 33 for example, is embedded in the mounting table 3 .
- a temperature control mechanism 34 is embedded under the lower electrode 33 . Based on a control signal from the control unit 9, the temperature control mechanism 34 adjusts the wafer W mounted on the mounting table 3 to a set temperature (for example, a temperature of -50°C to 80°C. to 750° C.).
- a set temperature for example, a temperature of -50°C to 80°C. to 750° C.
- the entire mounting table 3 is made of metal, the entire mounting table 3 functions as a lower electrode, so the lower electrode 33 need not be embedded in the mounting table 3 .
- the mounting table 3 is provided with a plurality of (for example, three) lifting pins 41 for holding and lifting the wafer W placed on the mounting table 3 .
- the material of the lifting pins 41 may be, for example, ceramics such as alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), quartz, or the like.
- a lower end of the lifting pin 41 is attached to a support plate 42 .
- the support plate 42 is connected to an elevating mechanism 44 provided outside the processing container 2 via an elevating shaft 43 .
- the elevating mechanism 44 is installed, for example, in the lower part of the exhaust chamber 21.
- the bellows 45 is provided between the lifting mechanism 44 and an opening 211 for the lifting shaft 43 formed on the lower surface of the exhaust chamber 21 .
- the shape of the support plate 42 may be such that it can move up and down without interfering with the support member 31 of the mounting table 3 .
- the elevating pin 41 is configured to be vertically movable between the upper side of the surface of the mounting table 3 and the lower side of the surface of the mounting table 3 by an elevating mechanism 44 . In other words, the lifting pins 41 are configured to protrude from the upper surface of the mounting table 3 .
- a gas supply unit 5 is provided on the ceiling wall 27 of the processing container 2 via an insulating member 28 .
- the gas supply unit 5 forms an upper electrode and faces the lower electrode 33 .
- An RF power supply 51 is connected to the gas supply unit 5 via a matching device 511 .
- the frequency band of the RF power supply 51 is, for example, 450 kHz to 2.45 GHz.
- An RF electric field is generated between the upper electrode (gas supply section 5) and the lower electrode 33 by supplying RF power from the RF power supply 51 to the upper electrode (gas supply section 5).
- the gas supply unit 5 includes a hollow gas diffusion chamber 52 .
- a large number of holes 53 for dispersing and supplying the processing gas into the processing container 2 are arranged, for example, evenly on the lower surface of the gas diffusion chamber 52 .
- a heating mechanism 54 is embedded above, for example, the gas diffusion chamber 52 in the gas supply section 5 .
- the heating mechanism 54 is heated to a set temperature by being supplied with power from a power supply (not shown) based on a control signal from the controller 9 .
- a gas supply path 6 is provided in the gas diffusion chamber 52 .
- the gas supply path 6 communicates with the gas diffusion chamber 52 .
- a gas source 61 is connected to the upstream side of the gas supply path 6 via a gas line 62 .
- the gas source 61 includes, for example, various processing gas sources, mass flow controllers, and valves (none of which are shown).
- Various process gases include those used in the methods of forming silicon-containing films described above.
- Various process gases are introduced into gas diffusion chamber 52 from gas source 61 via gas line 62 .
- Various processing gases include, for example, halogen-containing silanes, halogen-free silanes, metal-containing gases, diluent gases, and additive gases.
- Halogen-containing silanes are represented, for example, by Si n H x Z 2n+2-x (where Z is F, Cl, Br or I, n is a natural number of 1 or more, and x is 1 to 2n+2-1). may be one or more of the gases
- the halogen-free silane may be, for example, one or more gases represented by Si x H 2+2x (where x is a natural number of 1 or more).
- the metal-containing gas may be gas containing metal elements such as Al, Zn and Ni.
- Diluent gases can be, for example, H2, He, N2 , Ar , and combinations thereof.
- the additive gas can be, for example, N2O, O2 , CO2 , CO, and combinations thereof.
- the processing device 1 has a control unit 9 .
- the control unit 9 is, for example, a computer, and includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), auxiliary storage device, and the like.
- the CPU operates based on programs stored in the ROM or auxiliary storage device, and controls the operation of the processing device 1 .
- the control unit 9 may be provided inside the processing device 1 or may be provided outside. When the control unit 9 is provided outside the processing device 1, the control unit 9 can control the processing device 1 by communication means such as wired or wireless communication.
- a wafer W having recesses formed on its surface was prepared. Subsequently, in the processing apparatus 1, with the wafer W mounted on the mounting table 3, the processing gas is supplied from the gas supply unit 5 into the processing chamber 2, and the RF power is supplied from the RF power supply 51 to the upper electrode. , a fluid film was formed in the concave portion of the wafer W; A mixed gas containing halogen-containing silane, halogen-free silane, and diluent gas was used as the processing gas. Subsequently, the wafer W with the fluid film formed on the concave portion was transferred to another processing apparatus 1 under a vacuum atmosphere.
- the wafer W is heat-treated at 550° C. while the wafer W is mounted on the mounting table 3 in the processing container 2 in the H 2 gas atmosphere to cure the fluid film. to form a silicon film.
- the heat treatment for the wafer W was started 15 seconds after the formation of the fluid film on the wafer W was completed.
- the conditions for forming the fluid film in the examples are as follows. ⁇ Halogen-containing silane: DCS (50 sccm) Halogen-free silane: SiH 4 (50 sccm) - Diluent gas: H 2 (50 sccm), He (50 sccm) ⁇ Pressure: 4 Torr (533 Pa) ⁇ RF power: 13.56MHz, 100W ⁇ Wafer temperature: 0°C ⁇ Distance between electrodes: 15mm
- the embeddability of the silicon film embedded in the recess was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Also, the refractive index (RI: Refractive Index) of the silicon film embedded in the recess was measured. As a result, it was confirmed that a silicon film was formed in the concave portion by bottom-up growth. Moreover, the refractive index of the silicon film was 2.9.
- a silicon film can be formed in a concave portion by bottom-up growth.
- the step S2 of forming the fluid film and the step S3 of curing the fluid film are performed once each in this order, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the step S2 of forming the fluid film and the step S3 of curing the fluid film may be repeated.
- the step S2 of forming the fluid film and the step S3 of curing the fluid film are performed in different processing apparatuses connected to the vacuum transfer apparatus, but the present disclosure is limited to this. not.
- the step S2 of forming the fluid film and the step S3 of curing the fluid film may be performed in the same processing apparatus.
- a processing apparatus having inside a first region for processing the substrate by heating it to a first temperature and a second region for processing the substrate by heating it to a second temperature may be used.
- the step S2 of forming the fluid film and the step S3 of curing the fluid film can be performed in different regions in one processing apparatus, so that the fluidity can be improved after the step S2 of forming the fluid film is completed. It is possible to shorten the transition time until the step S3 of curing the film is started.
- the substrate on which the fluid film is formed can be transferred to the step of curing the fluid film without being carried out of the processing apparatus, contamination of impurities can be particularly suppressed.
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Abstract
Description
図1~図9Cを参照し、実施形態のシリコン含有膜の形成方法の一例について説明する。以下では、基板の表面に形成された凹部にシリコン含有膜を埋め込む方法を例に挙げて説明する。
図10を参照し、前述した流動性膜を形成する工程S2を実施する処理装置(膜形成部)の一例について説明する。なお、流動性膜を硬化させる工程S3を実施する処理装置(熱処理部)についても流動性膜を形成する工程S2を実施する処理装置と同様の構成であってよい。
実施例では、まず、凹部が表面に形成されたウエハWを準備した。続いて、処理装置1において、載置台3にウエハWを載置した状態で、ガス供給部5から処理容器2内に処理ガスを供給すると共に、RF電源51から上部電極にRF電力を供給し、ウエハWの凹部に流動性膜を形成した。処理ガスとしては、ハロゲン含有シラン、ハロゲン非含有シラン及び希釈ガスを含む混合ガスを用いた。続いて、凹部に流動性膜が形成されたウエハWを、真空雰囲気下で別の処理装置1に搬送した。続いて、該処理装置1において、H2ガス雰囲気の処理容器2内の載置台3にウエハWを載置した状態で、ウエハWに対して550℃で熱処理を施し、流動性膜を硬化させてシリコン膜を形成した。ウエハWに対する熱処理は、ウエハWへの流動性膜の形成が終了してから15秒後に開始した。
・ハロゲン含有シラン:DCS(50sccm)
・ハロゲン非含有シラン:SiH4(50sccm)
・希釈ガス:H2(50sccm)、He(50sccm)
・圧力:4Torr(533Pa)
・RF電力:13.56MHz、100W
・ウエハ温度:0℃
・電極間距離:15mm
W ウエハ
Claims (18)
- 基板の表面に形成された凹部にシリコン含有膜を形成する方法であって、
(a)第1の温度に調整された基板を、ハロゲン含有シランを含む処理ガスから生成したプラズマに晒して前記凹部に流動性膜を形成する工程と、
(b)前記基板を前記第1の温度より高い第2の温度で熱処理して前記流動性膜を硬化させる工程と、
を有する、
シリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記工程(a)及び前記工程(b)は、真空雰囲気下で連続して実施される、
請求項1に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記ハロゲン含有シランは、SinHxZ2n+2-x(ZはF、Cl、Br又はIであり、nは1以上の自然数であり、xは1~2n+2-1である。)で表されるガスの一種又は複数である、
請求項1又は2に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記ハロゲン含有シランは、SiHxZ4-x(ZはF、Cl、Br又はIであり、xは1、2又は3である。)及びSi2HxZ6-x(ZはF、Cl、Br又はIであり、xは1、2、3、4又は5である。)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである、
請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記ハロゲン含有シランは、ジクロロシラン(DCS)である、
請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記処理ガスは、ハロゲン非含有シランを含む、
請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記ハロゲン非含有シランは、SixH2+2x(xは1以上の自然数)で表されるガスの一種又は複数である、
請求項6に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記ハロゲン非含有シランは、モノシラン(SiH4)である、
請求項6又は7に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記処理ガスは、H2、He、N2及びArの少なくとも1つを含む、
請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記第1の温度は、80℃以下であり、
前記第2の温度は、150℃以上750℃以下である、
請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記工程(b)において、前記基板をH2から生成したプラズマに晒す、
請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記工程(b)において、100MHz以上1GHz以下の周波数帯のRF電力により前記プラズマを生成する、
請求項11に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記工程(b)において、前記基板に紫外線を照射する、
請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記処理ガスは、金属含有ガスを含む、
請求項1乃至13のいずれか一項に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記金属含有ガスは、トリメチルアルミニウム(TMA)である、
請求項14に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記工程(b)は、前記工程(a)の後、60秒以内に行われる、
請求項1乃至15のいずれか一項に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 前記工程(a)と前記工程(b)とを繰り返すことを含む、
請求項1乃至16のいずれか一項に記載のシリコン含有膜の形成方法。 - 基板の表面に形成された凹部にシリコン含有膜を形成する処理装置であって、
第1の温度に調整された基板を、ハロゲン含有シランを含む処理ガスから生成したプラズマに晒して前記凹部に流動性膜を形成する膜形成部と、
前記基板を前記第1の温度より高い第2の温度で熱処理して前記流動性膜を硬化させる熱処理部と、
を備える、処理装置。
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