WO2023094322A1 - Schmierfett - Google Patents
Schmierfett Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023094322A1 WO2023094322A1 PCT/EP2022/082624 EP2022082624W WO2023094322A1 WO 2023094322 A1 WO2023094322 A1 WO 2023094322A1 EP 2022082624 W EP2022082624 W EP 2022082624W WO 2023094322 A1 WO2023094322 A1 WO 2023094322A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fluorine
- lubricating grease
- weight
- free material
- free
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/06—Particles of special shape or size
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/02—Mixtures of base-materials and thickeners
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
- C10M2201/0856—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts used as thickening agent
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/102—Silicates
- C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
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- C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
- C10M2201/102—Silicates
- C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
- C10M2201/1036—Clays; Mica; Zeolites used as thickening agents
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- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
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- C10M2207/0406—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates used as base material
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/127—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids polycarboxylic
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- C10M2207/2805—Esters used as base material
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- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
- C10N2020/06—Particles of special shape or size
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/02—Bearings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy
Definitions
- the invention relates to a grease containing selected fluorine-free materials.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing the lubricating grease and its use for lubricating tribological systems, in particular tribological systems with high requirements in terms of energy efficiency, even at low or high temperatures and/or tribological systems that come into contact with food and/or or drinking water.
- PTFE micropowder is often used to lubricate tribological systems with high requirements in terms of energy efficiency, even at low or high temperatures, e.g. in the automotive sector, as it can be used to achieve very low friction levels.
- the PTFE micropowders also have a very high temperature resistance, they are also often used as a thickener or additive in the lubrication of tribological systems at a high upper service temperature, for example at operating temperatures of over 160°C and no continuous relubrication possibility.
- PTFE micropowder is often used in applications that come into contact with food or drinking water due to the low toxicological effects caused by its chemical inertness.
- food-compatible lubricants are subject to legal regulations, such as certification according to NSF/H1 or NSF/H2.
- the "H1" classification can be achieved for lubricants that are in "incidental food contact", i.e. in occasional, technically unavoidable contact with food. However, intentional or permanent contact must be ruled out even when using "H1" lubricants.
- An “H2” classification can achieve lubricants that are non-toxic and non-carcinogenic. When using "H2" lubricants, however, any contact with the food must be ruled out.
- the PTFE powder can be used both as a thickener and as an additive in consistent lubricants.
- PTFE has an excellent lubricating effect due to very low and constant coefficients of friction even under high loads, can effectively prevent stick-slip and shows good stability even when used under high shear stress.
- it has good chemical inertness to oxygen. This prevents the oxidation-related deposits that often occur with lubricating greases as a result of the thickening agent reacting with atmospheric oxygen, and an even and long-lasting lubricating effect can be achieved.
- Due to the very favorable toxicological properties due to the good chemical and thermal resistance of PTFE there is a high degree of safety in the lubricant operation, and even applications with unavoidable food contact can be served with it.
- the disadvantage of using perfluorinated or polyfluorinated products is that they are problematic for environmental reasons.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating grease in which the use of PTFE as a thickener or additive can be dispensed with and which nevertheless has low coefficients of friction. Furthermore, the lubricating grease should be used to lubricate tribological systems with high requirements in terms of energy efficiency in a wide temperature range, e.g. in the automotive sector, and it should also be able to be manufactured to be NSF/H1-compatible.
- (B5) a phosphorus compound, in particular zinc pyrophosphate, calcium (pyro)phosphate and zirconium hydrogen phosphate and mixtures thereof;
- (B6) a melamine derivative, in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione;
- the content of polytetrafluoroethylene in the lubricating grease is preferably determined on the basis of the enthalpy of fusion of PTFE using the standard DIN EN ISO 11357-1, edition 2008.04.
- the measurement is expediently carried out as follows:
- the oil phase of the lubricating grease, including the soluble parts of additives, is separated from solid, insoluble components (e.g. thickener, insoluble additives and/or solid lubricants) by extraction with a suitable solvent, as this increases the measuring accuracy.
- the polytetrafluoroethylene is part of the insolubles.
- special petrol 80/110, ethanol and/or methyl perfluorobutyl ether are examples of the insolubles.
- Spezialbenzin 80/110 is particularly suitable for lubricating greases whose base oil contains mineral oils, PAO, alkylated aromatics, phenyl ether, ester, silicone oils and polyglycols with little or no ethylene oxide content and mixtures thereof.
- Ethanol is particularly suitable for greases containing polyglycol base oils with a high ethylene oxide content.
- Methyl perfluorobutyl ether is particularly suitable for lubricating greases that contain perfluoropolyether as the base oil.
- Greases containing two immiscible oils are preferably subjected to two extractions. Such fats are commonly referred to as hybrid fats.
- such hybrid fats can contain both perfluoropolyethers and, preferably, esters.
- Such a hybrid grease is therefore preferably extracted both with special petrol 80/110 and with methyl perfluorobutyl ether in order to separate both oils and the additives soluble in them.
- the residues of solvent are drawn off from the residue obtained.
- the dried residue obtained in this way is related to the amount of lubricating grease used.
- the proportion of the residue in % by weight is obtained. 20 mg of the dry residue are weighed into an aluminum DSC crucible with a capacity of 25 ⁇ l and heated to 600° C. at a heating rate of 10 K/min.
- the endothermic signal between 300 and 450°C is integrated, the area of the peak (enthalpy sample) is proportional to the amount of PTFE in the residue.
- the content of PTFE in the lubricating grease is calculated using the following equation:
- fluorine-free material is understood in the usual sense.
- a fluorine-free material is understood to mean materials that do not contain any fluorine atoms in their chemical composition.
- fluorine-free polymer is understood in the usual sense.
- a fluorine-free polymer is understood to mean polymers that are made up of monomers that do not contain any fluorine atoms in their chemical composition.
- lubricating grease is understood in the usual sense.
- lubricating greases are understood as meaning solid to semi-liquid substances which can be produced by dispersing a thickening agent in a liquid lubricant.
- thickening agent lubricating greases can also contain other additives that give the lubricating grease special properties. Greases are explained in the ASTM D217-21 standard, edition 2021.07.
- the use of PTFE as a thickening agent or as an additive can be largely or even completely dispensed with and the lubricating grease still has very low coefficients of friction and is also suitable for lubricating tribological systems with high requirements in terms of energy efficiency, e.g Automotive sector and can be used in a wide temperature range.
- the lubricating grease can be manufactured to be suitable for NS/H1.
- the fluorine-free materials used according to the invention can achieve a performance that is equivalent to, and sometimes even superior to, that of PTFE.
- the lubricating grease preferably has at least one fluorine-free material.
- the fluorine-free material is a fluorine-free polymer that has aromatic, heteroaromatic and/or heterocyclic groups and a melting or decomposition point, measured according to DIN EN ISO 11357-1, Edition 2008.04, of higher than 200°C (option B1 ).
- the fluorine-free polymer can be present as one substance or as a mixture of different substances, as is commonly understood.
- the advantage of using these materials is that they enable the lubricating grease to be used in a wide range of applications from low temperatures (-40°C) to high-temperature lubrication (> 160°C).
- the lubricating grease according to the invention can be manufactured to be suitable for NS/H1.
- the fluorine-free polymer has a numerical proportion of aromatic carbon atoms and/or carbon atoms contained in heteroaromatic structures of at least 20%, for example from 20% to 100%, more preferably at least 50%, for example from 50% to 100% and in particular at least 70%, for example from 70% to 100%, in each case based on the total number of carbon atoms in the fluorine-free polymer.
- the high proportion of aromatic carbon atoms and/or carbon atoms contained in heteroaromatic structures has a positive effect on the high-temperature stability of the lubricating grease.
- the fluorine-free polymer also particularly preferably has a numerical ratio of aromatic carbon atoms and/or carbon atoms contained in heteroaromatic structures to aliphatic carbon atoms of at least 1:5, more preferably at least 1:1 and in particular at least 5:1.
- Preferred heteroaromatic groups and/or heterocyclic groups independently contain nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulfur.
- the fluorine-free polymer is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of polyaryletherketone (PAEK), preferably polyetheretherketone (PEEK), even more preferably crosslinked PAEK, in particular crosslinked PEEK, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyethersulfone (PES), poly(amide)imide (PAI), perylenimide, polycarbonate (PC), polyquinoline, polyquinoxaline, morpholine, phthalocyanine, melamine resin and blends thereof. Also conceivable are copolymers of the aforementioned groups.
- the fluorine-free polymer selected from the group consisting of polyaryletherketone (PAEK), preferably polyetheretherketone (PEEK), even more preferably crosslinked PAEK, in particular crosslinked PEEK, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyethersulfone (PES), poly(amide)imide ( PAI), perylenimide, perylenimide being polymeric perylenediimide, polycarbonate (PC), polyquinoline, polyquinoxaline, polymorpholine, melamine resin and blends thereof. Also conceivable are copolymers of the aforementioned groups.
- the fluorine-free polymer is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of polyaryletherketone (PAEK), preferably polyetheretherketone (PEEK), even more preferably crosslinked PAEK, in particular crosslinked PEEK, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS, melamine resin, polyethersulfone (PES), perylenimide and blends thereof. Also conceivable are copolymers of the aforementioned groups.
- the PAEK can be, for example, a polyetheretherketone (PEEK), a polyetherketone (PEK), a poly(etherketoneketone) (PEKK), a poly(etheretheretherketone) (PEEEK), a poly(etherketoneetherketoneketone) (PEKEKK) and/or a poly(etheretherketoneketone) (PEEKK).
- PEEK is preferred according to the invention.
- the fluorine-free polymer is very particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of polyaryletherketone (PAEK), preferably polyetheretherketone (PEEK), even more preferably crosslinked PAEK, in particular crosslinked PEEK, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), melamine resin and blends of these. Also conceivable are copolymers of the aforementioned groups.
- the fluorine-free polymer is very particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of polyaryletherketone (PAEK), preferably polyetheretherketone (PEEK), even more preferably crosslinked PAEK, in particular crosslinked PEEK, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and blends thereof. Also conceivable are copolymers of the aforementioned groups.
- the fluorine-free polymer is crosslinked PAEK, in particular crosslinked PEEK. It has been found that crosslinked PAEK and in particular crosslinked PEEK has particularly advantageous properties in terms of flexibility and temperature stability due to its increased glass transition range.
- the crosslinked PAEK is preferably obtainable from the crosslinking of PAEK, preferably PEEK, with at least one crosslinker that is capable of thermal crosslinking with the keto groups of the PAEK and/or PEEK to form at least two imine groups per crosslinker molecule.
- the crosslinker is preferably selected from a) oligo-Zpolymers which have at least two amide groups or at least one amide group and at least one primary amino group or at least two imide groups or at least one imide group and at least one primary amino group, b) saturated alicyclics other than a) Compounds that have at least two primary amino groups, and mixtures thereof.
- the crosslinker under a) is preferred.
- the crosslinker is selected from polyamides, polyimides, aminated dimeric fatty acids, oligo-/polymers containing aminated dimeric fatty acids in copolymerized form and mixtures thereof.
- the crosslinker is an oligo-/polymer that has at least two amide groups, the oligo-/polymer containing monomers in polymerized form that are selected from unsubstituted or substituted aromatic dicarboxylic acids and derivatives of unsubstituted or substituted aromatic dicarboxylic acids and aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diamines.
- aromatic dicarboxylic acids are preferably selected from unsubstituted or substituted phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acids or diphenyldicarboxylic acids and the derivatives and mixtures of the aforementioned aromatic dicarboxylic acids.
- the aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diamines are preferably selected from ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, pentamethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, heptamethylenediamine, octamethylenediamine, nonamethylenediamine, 2-methyl-1,8-octamethylenediamine, decamethylenediamine, undecamethylenediamine, dodecamethylenediamine, 2-methylpentamethylenediamine, 2 ,2,4 -Trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 2,4,4- trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 5-methylnonamethylenediamine, 2,4-dimethyloctamethylenediamine, 5-methylnonanediamine, bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)- methane, 2,2-bis(4-aminocyclohexyl)propane, 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane and 1,4
- the crosslinker is selected from PA 4.T, P 5.T, PA 6.T, PA 9.T, PA8.T, PA 10.T, PA 12.T, PA 6.1, PA 8.1, PA 9.1, PA 10.1, PA 12.1, PA 6.T/6, PA 6.T/10, PA 6.T/12, PA 6.T/6.I, PA6.T/8.T, PA 6.T/9.
- PA 6.T/10T PA 6.T/12.T, PA 12.T/6.T, PA 6.T/6.I/6, PA 6.T/6.I/12, PA 6.T/6.1/6.10, PA 6.T/6.I/6.12, PA 6.T/6.6, PA 6.T/6.10, PA 6.T/6.12, PA 10.T/6, PA 10.171 1st , PA 10.T/12, PA 8.T/6.T, PA 8.T/66, PA 8.T/8.I, PA 8.T/8.6, PA 8.T/6.I, PA 10.T/6.T, PA 10.T/6.6, PA 10.T/10.I, PA 10T/10.1/6.T, PA 10.T/6.I, PA 4.T/4.I /46, PA 4.T/4.I/6.6, PA 5.T/5.I, PA 5.T/5.I/5.6, PA 5.T/5.I/6.6, PA 6.T/ 6.I/6.6, PA MXDA.6, PA 6.T/IPDA.T, PA 6.T/MACM.T, PA T/PACM.T, PA 6.T/M.T
- the crosslinking agent is more preferably a saturated, alicyclic compound which has at least two primary amino groups, selected from aminated dimer fatty acids, oligo-/polymers which contain aminated dimer fatty acids in copolymerized form and mixtures thereof, in particular the compound or oligo-/polymers containing this compound as polymerized units.
- the amount of crosslinking agent can be adjusted with regard to the desired degree of crosslinking.
- the proportion of the crosslinker is preferably 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight, preferably 1% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular 4% by weight to 10% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of crosslinker and PAEK and in particular in each case based on the total weight of crosslinker and PEEK. It has been found that the stability of the product with such a proportion of crosslinking agent can be particularly advantageous. In particular, when the amount of crosslinker is set in this range, particularly good flexibility and temperature stability can be achieved.
- the crosslinking agent is a di(aminophenyl) compound in which the two aminophenyl rings are connected to one another via an aliphatic group which has a carbocyclic radical.
- the crosslinker is a compound of the formula
- the aromatic, heteroaromatic and/or heterocyclic groups can also be modified with heteroatoms, in particular with sulfur and/or phosphorus.
- the heteroatoms can be incorporated in the heteroaromatic and/or heterocyclic structure of the heteroaromatic and/or heterocyclic groups.
- the heteroatoms can also bridge the heteroaromatic and/or heterocyclic groups and/or as a substituent.
- the heteroatoms can bridge the aromatic groups and/or be present as a substituent.
- the fluorine-free polymer has a melting point or decomposition point, measured according to DIN EN ISO 11357-1 Edition 2008.04, of higher than 200°C, more preferably 220°C to 240°C, in particular 240 to 400°C.
- Lubricating greases according to the invention which contain fluorine-free polymer according to option (B1), are well suited for lubricating tribological systems in applications in which a high upper service temperature of preferably above 160° C., more preferably above 180° C., in particular above 200° C. is necessary, for example to lubricate slide bearings, in particular chains, roller bearings and/or to drive production plants in the chemical industry, which are at least temporarily at temperatures of over 160°C, more preferably over 180°C, in particular over 200°C , operate.
- the fluorine-free material is a fluorine-free phthalocyanine (B1).
- B1 fluorine-free phthalocyanine
- the phthalocyanine can be present as one substance or as a mixture of different substances, as is commonly understood.
- the fluorine-free material is silicone resin, lignin and/or mixtures thereof.
- the silicone resin and lignin may exist as one substance or as a mixture of different substances, as is commonly understood.
- Lubricating greases according to the invention which have silicone resin or lignin as the fluorine-free material, are particularly suitable for replacing PTFE containing H1 -capable metal soap greases and silicone-based products in drinking water fittings.
- the advantage here is the low hardness of these materials, which has a wear-protecting and dampening effect in combination with ceramic counter surfaces that are often present in drinking water fittings.
- the fluorine-free material is inorganic sheet silicate, preferably talc, bentonite, mica, fumed silicon dioxide, fumed silicon dioxide functionalized with organic groups and/or mixtures thereof (option B3).
- the inorganic layered silicate and fumed silica may be present as one substance or as a mixture of different substances, as is commonly understood. The advantage of using these materials is that they can achieve a level of friction similar to that of PTFE, even under high tribological loads. Lubrication concepts can also be implemented with shear viscosities that are significantly lower than those of PTFE products. This suggests excellent energy efficiency.
- the fluorine-free material is inorganic layered silicate, preferably talc, bentonite, mica, pyrogenic silicon dioxide, pyrogenic silicon dioxide functionalized with organic groups and/or mixtures thereof in combination with a layered solid lubricant that is not an inorganic layered silicate, in particular with hexagonal boron nitride, graphite, graphene, M0S2 and/or mixtures thereof.
- Suitable pyrogenic silicon dioxide is described, for example, in the technical journal “Technical Overview: Aerosil pyrogenic silica from Evonic Industries 03-2017. In this journal is also appropriate described fumed silica functionalized with organic groups.
- the fluorine-free material contains fumed silica functionalized with organic groups.
- the functionalized pyrogenic silicon dioxide particularly preferably has a BET surface area, measured according to ISO 9277 2014 01, of from 10 to 500 m 2 /g, even more preferably from 50 to 400 m 2 /g, in particular from 50 to 200 m 2 /g. More preferably, the functionalized pyrogenic silicon dioxide has a primary particle size, measured by transmission electron microscopy, of 5 to 50 nm. More preferably, the functionalized pyrogenic silicon dioxide has a tamped density, measured according to ISO787/11 1995, of 50 g/l to 280 g/l, even more preferably of 50 g/l to 200 g/l.
- the functionalized pyrogenic silicon dioxide has a carbon content, measured according to ISO-3262-20 2021, from 0.5% by weight to 8.8% by weight, preferably from 0.5% by weight to 6% by weight, in particular 0. 5% to 2% by weight.
- Preferred organic groups are branched or unbranched aliphatic and/or aromatic groups preferably having 1 to 20 carbons.
- Preferred aromatic groups have 6 to 10 carbons.
- Preferred aliphatic groups have 1 to 10 carbons.
- Particularly preferred organic groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, vinyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl and/or phenyl.
- Very particularly preferred organic groups are methyl groups. Another advantage of using these materials is that they have a level of friction comparable to PTFE, even under high tribological loads, and that they enable lubrication concepts with shear viscosities that are significantly lower than those of PTFE products.
- the fluorine-free material is nanoparticulate silicon dioxide that is functionalized with organic groups (option B4).
- the nanoparticulate silicon dioxide can be present as one substance or as a mixture of different substances, as is commonly understood.
- Preferred organic groups are branched or unbranched aliphatic and/or aromatic groups preferably having 1 to 20 carbons.
- Preferred aromatic groups have 6 to 10 carbons.
- Preferred aliphatic groups have 1 to 10 carbons.
- Very particularly preferred organic groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, vinyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl and/or phenyl. Another advantage of using these materials is that they have a level of friction comparable to PTFE, even under high tribological loads, and that they enable lubrication concepts with shear viscosities that are significantly lower than those of PTFE products.
- the fluorine-free material is a phosphorus compound, in particular zinc pyrophosphate, calcium (pyro)phosphate and zirconium hydrogen phosphate and/or mixtures thereof (option B5).
- the phosphorus compound may exist as one substance or as a mixture of different substances, as is commonly understood.
- Lubricating greases that contain these fluorine-free materials have very favorable levels of friction and, at least in part (particularly zirconium hydrogen phosphate), have even better anti-wear properties than PTFE.
- the fluorine-free material is a melamine derivative, preferably melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate, in particular melamine monophosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione.
- the fluorine-free material is melamine phosphate, in particular melamine monophosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)- trithion. Melamine cyanurate is preferred.
- the melamine derivative and the 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione can be present as one substance or as a mixture of different substances, as is commonly understood.
- Lubricating greases that contain these fluorine-free materials have very favorable levels of friction and, at least in part (particularly melamine phosphate), even better anti-wear properties than PTFE.
- melamine phosphate in a lubricant leads to a reduced shear viscosity compared to PTFE and thus to increased energy efficiency.
- the lubricating grease according to the invention can contain fluorine-free materials which are selected from one or more of the groups B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and/or B6.
- the lubricating grease according to the invention can only contain one of the components B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 or B6.
- the lubricating grease according to the invention can also contain mixtures which have two or more of the fluorine-free materials according to options B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and/or B6.
- the lubricating grease contains two or more of the fluorine-free materials of group B3 in combination, in particular talc in combination with fumed silica functionalized with organic groups.
- a silicone oil is preferably used as the base oil.
- the silicone oil is preferably an alkylated, more preferably a methylated silicone oil, especially dimethyl silicone oil. Dimethyl silicone oil is also called polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
- the silicone oil preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 25° C., determined according to DIN 53019, 2008.09 edition, of 20 mmVsec to 2,000,000 mmVsec more preferably from 50 mm 2 /sec to 10000 mm 2 /sec, even more preferably from 100 to 5000 mm 2 /sec, even more preferably from 500 to 3000 mm 2 /sec.
- an embodiment of the invention that is particularly preferred according to the invention (embodiment I) comprises a lubricating grease
- inorganic sheet silicate preferably talc, bentonite, mica, fumed silicon dioxide, fumed silicon dioxide functionalized with organic groups in combination, in particular talc in combination with fumed silicon dioxide , which is functionalized with organic groups.
- preferred embodiments of embodiment I include in particular the following: Particularly preferred functionalized pyrogenic silicon dioxide is alkylated, in particular methylated, pyrogenic silicon dioxide, very particularly preferably pyrogenic silicon dioxide modified with dimethyldichlorosilane.
- the functionalized pyrogenic silicon dioxide preferably has a BET surface area, measured according to ISO 9277 2014 01, of 50 to 400 m 2 /g.
- the proportion of fumed silicon dioxide functionalized with organic groups, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease, is preferably from 0.5 to 20% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 10% by weight. especially from 2 to 10% by weight.
- the talc preferably has an average particle size D 50 of 1 to 30 ⁇ m, preferably 2 to 15 ⁇ m, measured according to ISO 13320-1 (1999).
- the proportion of talc, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease is preferably from 1 to 54% by weight, more preferably from 4 to 54% by weight, in particular from 10 to 54% by weight.
- the proportion of total fluorine-free material based on the total weight of the lubricating grease is preferably from 1% to 10% by weight, more preferably from 5% to 7% by weight, especially from 1% to 5% by weight. or 10 to 55% by weight, more preferably from 20 to 50% by weight, especially from 30 to 50% by weight.
- the proportion of the base oil based on the total weight of the lubricating grease is preferably 30% to 88% by weight, more preferably 50% to 88% by weight.
- a silicone oil is preferably used as the base oil.
- the silicone oil is preferably an alkylated, more preferably a methylated silicone oil, especially dimethyl silicone oil.
- the silicone oil preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 25° C., determined according to DIN 53019, 2008.09 edition, from 20 mm 2 /sec to 2000000 mm 2 /sec, more preferably from 50 mm 2 /sec to 10000 mm 2 /sec, more preferably from 100 to 5000 mm 2 /sec, more preferably from 500 to 3000 mm 2 /sec.
- the lubricating grease according to the invention has fluorine-free materials that are selected from two or more than two of the groups B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and/or B6 (option B7).
- the fluorine-free material contains at least one fluorine-free material selected from group B3 in combination with at least one fluorine-free material selected from group B6.
- a silicone oil is preferably used as the base oil.
- the silicone oil is preferably an alkylated, more preferably a methylated silicone oil, especially dimethyl silicone oil.
- the silicone oil preferably has a Kinematic viscosity at 25° C. determined according to DIN 53019, 2008.09 edition, from 20 mm 2 /sec to 2,000,000 mm 2 /sec, more preferably from 50 mm 2 /sec to 10,000 mm 2 /sec, more preferably from 100 to 5000 mm 2 / sec, more preferably from 500 to 3000 mm 2 /sec.
- the fluorine-free material preferably contains a) melamine derivative, in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione, preferably in combination with b) inorganic sheet silicate talc, bentonite, mica, fumed silica, fumed silica functionalized with organic groups, and/or mixtures thereof.
- melamine derivative in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione
- inorganic sheet silicate talc bentonite
- mica fumed silica
- fumed silica functionalized with organic groups and/or mixtures thereof.
- the fluorine-free material contains a) a melamine derivative, in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione, in combination with b ) inorganic layered silicate, preferably talc, bentonite, mica, fumed silicon dioxide, fumed silicon dioxide functionalized with organic groups and/or mixtures thereof and in combination with c) hexagonal boron nitride.
- a melamine derivative in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione
- An embodiment of the invention (embodiment II) which is particularly preferred according to the invention comprises a lubricating grease
- a fluorine-free material a) melamine derivative, in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione in combination with b) in
- a further embodiment of the invention which is particularly preferred according to the invention comprises a lubricating grease
- a fluorine-free material comprises a) melamine derivative, in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H
- preferred embodiments of embodiments II and III include the following in particular: Of the fluorine-free materials, melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione (B6 ) the melamine cyanurate is particularly preferred.
- the melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione (B6) preferably has an average particle size D 50 of 1 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, in particular of 1 pm to 5 pm, according to ISO 13320-1 (1999) on.
- pyrogenic silicon dioxide that is functionalized with organic groups is particularly preferred.
- a particularly preferred functionalized fumed silicon dioxide is alkylated, in particular methylated, fumed silicon dioxide, very particularly preferably fumed silicon dioxide modified with dimethyldichlorosilane.
- the functionalized pyrogenic silicon dioxide preferably has a BET surface area, measured according to ISO 9277 2014 01, of 50 to 400 m 2 /g.
- the proportion of inorganic layered silicate, in particular pyrogenic silicon dioxide, which is functionalized with organic groups, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease, is preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 10% by weight, in particular from 2 to 10% by weight.
- the proportion of melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease is preferably 1 to 54% by weight, still more preferably from 4 to 30% by weight, especially from 10 to 30% by weight.
- the total proportion of fluorine-free material, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease is preferably from 1.5% by weight to 55% by weight, more preferably from 4% by weight to 40% by weight, in particular from 10 to 30% by weight.
- the proportion of the base oil based on the total weight of the lubricating grease is preferably 30% to 88% by weight, more preferably 50% to 88% by weight.
- a silicone oil is preferably used as the base oil.
- the silicone oil is preferably an alkylated, more preferably a methylated silicone oil, especially dimethyl silicone oil.
- the silicone oil preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 25° C. determined according to DIN 53019, 2008.09 edition, from 20 mmVsec to 2,000,000 mmVsec, more preferably from 50 mmVsec to 10,000 mmVsec, more preferably from 100 to 5000 mmVsec, more preferably from 500 to 3000 mmVsec .
- the hexagonal boron nitride has an average particle size D 50 of 0.2 ⁇ m to 30 m, preferably from 0.5 pm to 20 pm, measured according to ISO 13320-1 (1999).
- the proportion of hexagonal boron nitride, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease, is preferably from 10 to 30% by weight, preferably from 15 to 30% by weight.
- the fluorine-free material contains at least one fluorine-free material selected from group B3 in combination with hexagonal boron nitride.
- a silicone oil is preferably used as the base oil.
- the silicone oil is preferably an alkylated, more preferably a methylated silicone oil, especially dimethyl silicone oil.
- the silicone oil preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 25° C., determined according to DIN 53019, 2008.09 edition, from 20 mm 2 /sec to 2000000 mm 2 /sec, more preferably from 50 mm 2 /sec to 10000 mm 2 /sec, more preferably from 100 to 5000 mm 2 /sec, more preferably from 500 to 3000 mm 2 /sec.
- a further embodiment of the invention which is particularly preferred according to the invention comprises a lubricating grease
- preferred embodiments of embodiment IV include, in particular, the following: Of the inorganic sheet silicates, pyrogenic silicon dioxide that is functionalized with organic groups is particularly preferred.
- a particularly preferred functionalized fumed silicon dioxide is alkylated, in particular methylated, fumed silicon dioxide, very particularly preferably fumed silicon dioxide modified with dimethyldichlorosilane.
- the functionalized pyrogenic silicon dioxide preferably has a BET surface area, measured according to ISO 9277 2014 01, of 50 to 400 m 2 /g.
- the proportion of inorganic layered silicate, in particular pyrogenic silicon dioxide, which is functionalized with organic groups, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease, is preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, more preferably from 1 to 10% by weight, in particular from 2 to 10% by weight.
- the proportion of total fluorine-free material based on the total weight of the lubricating grease is preferably from 1% to 10% by weight, more preferably from 5% to 7% by weight, especially from 1% to 5% by weight. or 10 to 55% by weight, more preferably from 20 to 50% by weight, especially from 30 to 50% by weight.
- the proportion of the base oil based on the total weight of the lubricating grease is preferably 30% to 88% by weight, more preferably 50% to 88% by weight.
- a silicone oil is preferably used as the base oil.
- the silicone oil is preferably an alkylated, more preferably a methylated silicone oil, especially dimethyl silicone oil.
- the silicone oil preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 25° C.
- mmVsec determined according to DIN 53019, 2008.09 edition, from 20 mmVsec to 2,000,000 mmVsec, more preferably from 50 mmVsec to 10,000 mmVsec, more preferably from 100 to 5000 mmVsec, more preferably from 500 to 3000 mmVsec .
- the hexagonal boron nitride preferably has an average particle size D 50 measured from 0.2 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, preferably from 0.5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m ISO 13320-1 (1999).
- the proportion of hexagonal boron nitride, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease, is preferably from 10 to 30% by weight, preferably from 15 to 30% by weight.
- the fluorine-free material contains two or more of the fluorine-free materials from group B3 in combination and/or at least one fluorine-free material selected from group B3 in combination with at least one fluorine-free material selected from group B6 and/or at least one fluorine-free material selected from group B3 in combination with hexagonal boron nitride.
- Another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention (embodiment V) according to the invention comprises a lubricating grease
- a further embodiment of the invention which is particularly preferred according to the invention comprises a lubricating grease
- Talcum in combination with pyrogenic silicon dioxide, which is functionalized with organic groups and/or a) melamine derivative, in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6 (1H,3H,5H )-trithion in combination with b) inorganic sheet silicate, preferably talc, bentonite, mica, pyrogenic silicon dioxide, pyrogenic silicon dioxide functionalized with organic groups and/or mixtures thereof; and/or a) melamine derivative, in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione (B6) in combination with b) inorganic sheet silicate, preferably talc , Bentonite, mica, fumed silicon dioxide, fumed silicon dioxide that is functionalized with organic groups and / or mixtures thereof and in combination with c) contains hexagonal boron nitride and / or
- Preferred embodiments of embodiments V and VI include those described according to the invention and in particular those described in relation to embodiments I to IV.
- the fluorine-free material is an at least partly inorganic material, preferably inorganic sheet silicate, in particular talc, bentonite, mica, fumed silicon dioxide, fumed silicon dioxide functionalized with organic groups and/or mixtures thereof (B3); nanoparticulate silica functionalized with organic groups (B4); a phosphorus compound, in particular zinc pyrophosphate, calcium (pyro)phosphate, zirconium hydrogen phosphate and/or mixtures thereof (B5); and/or mixtures thereof.
- inorganic sheet silicate in particular talc, bentonite, mica, fumed silicon dioxide, fumed silicon dioxide functionalized with organic groups and/or mixtures thereof (B3); nanoparticulate silica functionalized with organic groups (B4); a phosphorus compound, in particular zinc pyrophosphate, calcium (pyro)phosphate, zirconium hydrogen phosphate and/or mixtures thereof (B5); and/or mixtures thereof.
- the fluorine-free material is an organic material, preferably a fluorine-free polymer aromatic, heteroaromatic and/or heterocyclic groups and a melting or decomposition point, measured according to DIN EN ISO 11357-1, 2008.04 edition, of higher than 200° C., fluorine-free phthalocyanine and mixtures thereof (B1); silicone resin, lignin and mixtures thereof (B2); a melamine derivative, in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione (B6); and/or mixtures thereof.
- B1 fluorine-free phthalocyanine and mixtures thereof
- silicone resin silicone resin, lignin and mixtures thereof
- B6 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione
- the fluorine-free material has an average particle size D50 of less than 80 ⁇ m, for example 1 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, more preferably from 1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, even more preferably from 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, in particular from 1 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, measured in each case ISO 13320-1 edition 2020-01.
- the samples are preferably measured dry at a test pressure of 4 bar.
- a suitable measuring device is, for example, a Mastersizer 3000 from Malvern.
- the advantage of using the fluorine-free material with an average particle size of less than 80 ⁇ m is that the material can be distributed very well and homogeneously in the lubricating grease and, due to the increased specific surface area (BET surface area), has an improved thickening effect and can reach the friction point easily can.
- the lubricating grease does not contain polytetrafluoroethylene and/or polytetrafluoroethylene in a proportion of less than 4% by weight, more preferably less than 2% by weight, more preferably less than 1% by weight, more preferably less than 0.1% by weight. each based on the total weight of the lubricating grease. This is advantageous for environmental reasons.
- the lubricating grease also contains no per- or polyfluorinated products and/or per- or polyfluorinated products only in a proportion of less than 4% by weight, more preferably less than 2% by weight, even more preferably less than 1% by weight, even more preferably less than 0.5% by weight and in particular less than 0.1% by weight , each based on the total weight of the lubricating grease.
- the fluorine-free material is NSF/H1-compatible.
- the fluorine-free material is therefore preferably selected in such a way that approval as a lubricant with contact with foodstuffs is possible.
- All raw materials of the lubricating grease are particularly preferably selected in such a way that approval according to NSF-H1 is possible.
- the proportion of the fluorine-free material, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease is 1 to 55% by weight.
- the fluorine-free material is used as a thickener.
- the fluorine-free material can also function as an additive to reduce the coefficient of friction.
- the proportion of the fluorine-free material based on the total weight of the grease is preferably from 10 to 55% by weight, more preferably from 20 to 50% by weight, especially from 30 to 50% by weight.
- One subject of the invention is therefore a lubricating grease comprising
- Grease a fluorine-free material as thickener, wherein the fluorine-free material has a mean particle size (D50) of below 80 pm, for example 1 pm to 80 pm, more preferably from 1 pm to 50 pm, even more preferably from 1 pm to 20 pm, in particular from 1 pm to 15 pm, each measured according to ISO 13320-1, Edition 2020-01 and selected from the group consisting of (B1) fluorine-free polymer, the aromatic, heteroaromatic and / or heterocyclic groups and a melting or decomposition point measured according to DIN EN ISO 11357-1, edition 2008.04, higher than 200°C; fluorine-free phthalocyanine and mixtures thereof;
- D50 mean particle size
- (B5) a phosphorus compound, in particular zinc pyrophosphate, calcium (pyro)phosphate and zirconium hydrogen phosphate and mixtures thereof;
- B(6) a melamine derivative, in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione;
- Preferred embodiments of the aforementioned lubricating grease include the preferred embodiments described within the scope of the invention, mutatis mutandis.
- the fluorine-free material is used as an additive to reduce the coefficient of friction.
- the fluorine-free material can also function as a thickener.
- the proportion of the fluorine-free material, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease is preferably from 1% to 10% by weight, more preferably from 5% to 7% by weight, especially from 1% to 5% by weight wt%.
- the lubricating grease has, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease, 20% by weight to 88% by weight, preferably 30% by weight to 88% by weight, more preferably 50% by weight to 88% by weight, in particular 60% by weight. up to 88% by weight of a base oil.
- the base oil is preferably selected from the group consisting of esters, preferably dipentaerythritol esters, trimellitic esters, hemimellitic esters, pyromellitic esters, estolides, pentaerythritol esters, dimer esters, trimeric esters, trimethylolpropane esters (TMP esters), dicarboxylic esters; Ethers, preferably polyphenyl ethers, diaryl ethers, triaryl ethers, polyglycols, preferably homo- and/or copolymers of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide and/or tetrahydrofuran (THF), preferably started with monoalcohols, dialcohols and trialcohols, linear or branched perfluoropolyether oils (PFPE oils); synthetic hydrocarbons, preferably alkylated naphthalenes, polyalphaolefins (PAOs), metallocene polyalpha
- the base oil is selected from the group consisting of esters, preferably dipentaerythritol esters, trimellitic esters, hemimellitic esters, pyromellitic esters, estolides, pentaerythritol esters, dimer esters, trimer esters, TMP esters, dicarboxylic esters; Ethers, preferably diaryl ethers, polyglycols, preferably homo- and/or copolymers of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide and/or tetrahydrofuran (THF), preferably started with monoalcohols, dialcohols and trialcohols, synthetic hydrocarbons, preferably alkylated naphthalenes, polyalphaolefins ( PAOs), metallocene polyalphaolefins (mPAOs); Mineral oils, untreated and chemically modified vegetable oils, Group III oils; Reraffinates and recyclates,
- the base oil is a fluorine-free base oil, preferably selected from the group consisting of of dipentaerythritol esters, trimellitic esters, hemimellitic esters, pyromellitic esters, estolides, pentaerythritol esters, dimer esters, trimeric esters, dicarboxylic esters; diaryl ether; Polyglycols, preferably homo- and/or copolymers of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide and/or tetrahydrofuran (THF), preferably started with monoalcohols, dialcohols and trialcohols, synthetic hydrocarbons, preferably alkylated naphthalenes, polyalphaolefins (PAOs), metallocenes
- PEOs polyalphaolefins
- mPAOs polyalphaolefins
- Mineral oils untreated and chemically modified vegetable oils, Group III oils, dimethyl silicone oils, which can be used individually or in combination.
- the base oil is dimethyl silicone oil.
- the base oil has a kinematic viscosity, determined according to ASTM-D-7042 September 2014 edition, at 40° C. of 30 mm 2 /sec to 2000 mm 2 /sec, more preferably at 40° C. of 50 mm 2 /sec to 1200 mm 2 /sec, in particular at 40°C from 50 mm 2 /sec to 400 mm 2 /sec.
- the base oil is selected from the group consisting of esters, preferably dipentaerythritol esters, trimellitic esters, hemimellitic esters, pyromellitic esters, estolides, pentaerythritol esters, dimer esters, trimer esters, TMP esters, dicarboxylic esters, each with a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C determined according to ASTM-D-7042 edition September 2014 from 100 mm 2 /sec to 1200 mm 2 /sec; Ethers, preferably polyphenyl ethers, diaryl ethers, triaryl ethers, linear or branched perfluoropolyether oils (PFPE oils), each with a kinematic viscosity at 40°C determined according to ASTM-D-7042 September 2014 edition of 20 mm 2 /sec to 1200 mm 2 /sec; Polyglycols, preferably homo- and/or copolymer oils, preferably homo- and
- the fluorine-free material is used as a thickener.
- the fluorine-free material can also function as an additive to reduce the coefficient of friction.
- the grease may also include an additional thickener other than the fluorine-free material used in the present invention.
- the further thickener is preferably selected from the group consisting of metal soaps, preferably metal simple soaps of the elements of the first and second main group of the periodic table, metal complex soaps of the elements of the first and second main group of the periodic table, in particular lithium soaps, lithium complex soaps, aluminum complex soaps, sodium complex soaps, calcium complex soaps , boron nitride, alkylated and/or arylated (oligo)ureas, wax, in particular polyethylene (PE)-, Polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA) wax, the wax having a melting point or decomposition point, measured according to DIN EN ISO 11357-1 Edition 2008.04, of higher than 100°C; Carbon black, graphite, metal sulfonate thickeners, especially calcium sulfonate thickeners, metal chalcogenides, especially molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, metal selenides, which can be used individually or in combination.
- metal soaps preferably metal simple soaps
- the further thickener is an (oligo)urea, in particular an alkylated and/or arylated (oligo)urea.
- (Oligo)ureas are reaction products of a diisocyanate, preferably 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyanatophenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 4, 4'-diisocyanato-3-3'-dimethylphenyl, 4,4-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane, which can be used individually or in combination, with an amine of general formula R'2-N-R, or a diamine of general formula R'2-N-R-NR'2, where R is an aryl, alkyl or alkylene radical having 2 to 22
- the additional thickener is a calcium sulfonate thickener.
- Calcium sulfonate thickeners contain crystalline calcium carbonate in the form of calcite and calcium salts of acids, especially aromatic sulfonic acids, most preferably alkylbenzene sulfonic acids, carboxylic acids, especially stearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, acetic acid, boric acid and mixtures thereof.
- the further thickener is a metal soap, in particular a lithium soap and/or a lithium complex soap.
- a lithium soap is understood to mean lithium salts of monofunctional carboxylic acids. Particularly preferred are lithium salts of monofunctional carboxylic acids having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably from 14 to 20 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred lithium soaps are lithium salts of stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, monohydroxybenzoic acid, especially salicylic acid, and/or lithium salts of mixtures of the aforementioned acids.
- a lithium complex soap is understood as meaning mixtures of lithium salts of monofunctional carboxylic acids with lithium salts of dicarboxylic acids and/or tricarboxylic acids.
- the lithium complex soap comprises lithium salts of monofunctional carboxylic acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably 14 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the lithium complex soap particularly preferably has lithium salts of stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, monohydroxybenzoic acid, in particular salicylic acid, and/or lithium salts of mixtures of the aforementioned acids.
- the lithium complex soap also particularly preferably has lithium salts of dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the lithium complex soap very particularly preferably has lithium salts of azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid and/or lithium salts of mixtures of the aforementioned acids.
- the lithium complex soap can also have other components, for example lithium salts of short-chain carboxylic acids such as acetic acid and lactic acid and/or phosphorus-containing acids and/or boric acid.
- the further thickener is a combination of two or more of the aforementioned further thickeners.
- the proportion of the further thickener is preferably from 3% to 30% by weight, more preferably from 3% to 20% by weight and in particular from 3% by weight to 10% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricating grease.
- the fluorine-free material can also be used as an additive.
- the grease preferably includes a thickener other than the fluorine-free material used in the present invention.
- the thickener is preferably selected from the group consisting of metal soaps, preferably metal simple soaps of the elements of the first and second main groups of the periodic table, metal complex soaps of the elements of the first and second main groups of the periodic table, in particular lithium soap, lithium complex soaps, aluminum complex soaps, sodium complex soaps , calcium complex soaps, boron nitride, alkylated and/or arylated (oligo)ureas, wax, in particular polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamide (PA) wax, the wax having a melting or decomposition point, measured according to DIN EN ISO 11357- 1 Edition 2008.04 greater than 100°C; Carbon black, graphite, metal sulfonate thickeners, especially calcium sulfonate thickeners, metal chalcogenides
- the thickener is an (oligo)urea, in particular an alkylated and/or arylated (oligo)urea.
- (Oligo)ureas are reaction products of a diisocyanate, preferably 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyanatophenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 4, 4'-diisocyanato-3-3'-dimethylphenyl, 4,4-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane, which can be used individually or in combination, with an amine of general formula R'2-NR, or a diamine of general formula R'2-NR-NR'2, where R is an aryl, is alkyl or alkylene of 2 to 22 carbon atoms and
- the thickener is a calcium sulfonate thickener.
- Calcium sulfonate thickeners contain crystalline calcium carbonate in the form of calcite and calcium salts of acids, especially aromatic sulfonic acids, most preferably alkylbenzene sulfonic acids, carboxylic acids, especially stearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, acetic acid, boric acid, and mixtures thereof.
- the thickener is a metal soap, in particular a lithium soap and/or a lithium complex soap.
- a lithium soap is understood as meaning lithium salts of monofunctional carboxylic acids. Particularly preferred are lithium salts of monofunctional carboxylic acids having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably from 14 to 20 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred lithium soaps are lithium salts of stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, monohydroxybenzoic acid, especially salicylic acid, and/or lithium salts of mixtures of the aforementioned acids.
- a lithium complex soap is understood as meaning mixtures of lithium salts of monofunctional carboxylic acids with lithium salts of dicarboxylic acids and/or tricarboxylic acids.
- the lithium complex soap comprises lithium salts of monofunctional carboxylic acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably 14 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the lithium complex soap particularly preferably has lithium salts of stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, monohydroxybenzoic acid, in particular salicylic acid, and/or lithium salts of mixtures of the aforementioned acids.
- the lithium complex soap comprises lithium salts of dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the lithium complex soap very particularly preferably has lithium salts of azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid and/or lithium salts of mixtures of the aforementioned acids.
- the lithium complex soap can also have other components, for example lithium salts of short-chain carboxylic acids such as acetic acid and lactic acid and/or phosphorus-containing acids and/or boric acid.
- the thickener is a combination of two or more of the aforementioned further thickeners.
- the thickener is a metallic soap.
- Preferred metal soaps are the metal soaps described above in relation to the further thickener.
- the proportion of thickener is from 3% to 40% by weight, more preferably from 6% to 30% by weight and especially from 8% to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricating grease.
- One subject of the invention is therefore a lubricating grease comprising
- (B5) a phosphorus compound, in particular zinc pyrophosphate, calcium (pyro)phosphate and zirconium hydrogen phosphate and mixtures thereof;
- B(6) a melamine derivative, in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione;
- Preferred embodiments of the aforementioned lubricating grease include the embodiments described within the scope of the invention, mutatis mutandis.
- the grease is a consistent grease.
- the high-temperature lubricating grease is a lubricating grease of NLGI class 1 to 3, preferably 2 according to DIN 51818, edition 1981.12.
- the lubricating grease has a worked penetration measured according to DIN-ISO 2137 Edition 12/2016 of 200 1/10 mm to 400 1/10 mm, preferably from 220 1/10 mm to 340 1/10 mm, even more preferably from 250 to 340 1/10 mm, in particular from 265 1/10 mm to 295 1/10 mm.
- the lubricating grease has additives against wear, oxidation, corrosion and/or additives to reduce friction and/or improve extreme pressure properties, pour point and/or viscosity.
- the additives are preferably at a level of from 1% to 10%, more preferably from 1% to 8%, and most preferably from 1% to 5% by weight, each based on the total weight of the grease.
- Antioxidants used in particular are antioxidants selected from the group consisting of aromatic amine antioxidants, such as alkylated phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, dialkyldiphenylamine, aralkylated diphenylamine, sterically hindered ones phenols such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), which can be used individually or in combination.
- aromatic amine antioxidants such as alkylated phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, dialkyldiphenylamine, aralkylated diphenylamine, sterically hindered ones phenols such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), which can be used individually or in combination.
- the antiwear agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of amine neutralized phosphates, alkylated and non-alkylated triaryl phosphates, alkylated and non-alkylated triaryl thiophosphates, zinc or Mo or W dialkyl dithiophosphates, carbamates, thiocarbamates, zinc or Mo or W dithiocarbamates, dimercapto -thiadiazole, used singly or in combination.
- the anti-corrosion agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of additives based on calcium sulfonates, preferably "overbased" Ca sulfonates with a base number (TBN) of 100 to 500 mg KOH/g, amine-neutralized phosphates, alkylated Ca naphthalene sulfonates, oxazoline Derivatives, imidazole derivatives, succinic acid half esters, N-alkylated benzotriazoles, benzotriazole used individually or in combination.
- TBN base number
- Preferred extreme pressure additives are selected from the group consisting of thiophosphates, sulfurized compounds, preferably sulfurized fatty acid esters, alkylated polysulfides, which can be used individually or in combination.
- Preferred additives for improving the pour point and/or the viscosity are selected from the group consisting of linear or branched, alkylated, acrylated and/or aliphatic polymers, copolymers, which can be used individually or in combination.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing the lubricating grease according to the invention, comprising mixing the following components:
- B5 a phosphorus compound, in particular zinc pyrophosphate, calcium (pyro)phosphate and zirconium hydrogen phosphate and mixtures thereof;
- B(6) a melamine derivative, in particular melamine cyanurate, melamine phosphate and/or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trithione;
- (B7) fluorine-free materials which are selected from two or more than two of the groups B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and/or B6; wherein the lubricating grease does not contain polytetrafluoroethylene and/or polytetrafluoroethylene in an amount of less than 4% by weight, more preferably less than 2% by weight, even more preferably less than 1% by weight, even more preferably less than 0.5% by weight more preferably less than 0.1% by weight, based on the total weight of the grease.
- Preferred embodiments for the method according to the invention include the embodiments described in relation to the lubricating grease according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to the use of the lubricating grease according to the invention for lubricating tribological systems, in particular tribological systems in applications in which a wide service temperature range, from below -60°C to above 160°C and/or from -60°C to 160° C is necessary.
- the lubricating grease according to the invention is used to lubricate plain bearings, in particular chains, valves, fittings, actuators, roller bearings and/or to drive production plants in the chemical industry.
- the lubricating grease according to the invention is designed as a high-temperature grease for roller bearing applications.
- a high-temperature grease for roller bearing applications means a grease that Based on DIN 51825:2004-06 at 3000 rpm, 1500 N load and mounting position B at least 160°C, eg 160°C to 240°C and/or at 160°C to 200°C reaches its upper service temperature.
- the upper service temperature is reached when at least 50% of a storage collective (at least 5 test bearings) has run for at least 100 h at the test temperature.
- the lubricating grease according to the invention is designed as a lubricating grease for roller bearing applications.
- a lubricating grease for roller bearing applications is understood to mean a grease that, based on DIN 51825:2004-06, at 3000 rpm, 1500 N load and installation position B in a temperature range of 100°C to 160°C and/or 120°C to 160° C reaches its upper service temperature.
- the upper service temperature is reached when at least 50% of a bearing group (at least 5 test bearings) has a running time of at least 100 h at the test temperature.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention includes the use of the lubricating grease according to the invention for lubricating plain bearings, preferably fittings, in particular gas fittings, pneumatic cylinders, seals, valves, actuators, linear guides, regulating and control flaps in the intake manifold, clutches, screws, bolts, fittings, conveyor belts, transport chains in freezing tunnels for the food industry and/or for driving production plants in the chemical industry.
- the plain bearings, the roller bearings and/or the production plants in the chemical industry are preferably operated at temperatures of -60.degree. C. to 160.degree. C., at least at times.
- Preferred embodiments for the use according to the invention include the embodiments described in relation to the lubricating grease according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to the use of the lubricating grease according to the invention for lubricating tribological systems that come into contact with food, for example tools in food processing that contain gears, roller and plain bearings, such as chains for transport in freezing tunnels and conveyor belts, pneumatic cylinders, seals .
- the invention also relates to the use of the lubricating grease according to the invention for lubricating tribological systems which are in contact with drinking water, such as valves and fittings, for gas and (drinking) water fittings; and/or for lubricating tribological systems where an application spectrum in the temperature range from below -60°C to over 160°C is necessary and/or for lubricating components in the automotive sector that have roller or plain bearings, such as ball screws in automotive steering applications, actuators; Gears, plastic gears, seals, seals in sunroofs, brake boosters and/or linear guides.
- Preferred embodiments for the use according to the invention include the embodiments described in relation to the lubricating grease according to the invention.
- 1 shows the coefficients of friction, measured as friction coefficient p, of six lubricating greases according to the invention based on Li-12-hydroxystearate, PAO and micropowder of mica, zirconium hydrogen phosphate, melamine monophosphate, PEEK, PPS and 1,3,5-triazine-2, 4.6 (1H,3H,5H)- trithion, measured on the Tannert sliding friction tester, compared to a comparison grease containing PTFE.
- Irganox L 150 an amine antioxidant
- disodium sebacate disodium sebacate
- an aminic antioxidant Irganox L 150 and 1.8 g disodium sebacate After adding 0.4 g of an aminic antioxidant Irganox L 150 and 1.8 g disodium sebacate, the mixture is homogenized on
- Irganox L 150 an aminic antioxidant
- disodium sebacate disodium sebacate
- the tribological properties of the lubricating greases produced in Example 1 are examined on the Tannert sliding friction test bench. This is a test device customary in tribotechnology, described for example in T. Mang (Editor), Encyclopedia of Lubricants and Lubrication, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 2014 and is used to examine the friction behavior in slow oscillating movements.
- a sliding tongue made of ST37 steel, greased with 0.5 g, is moved back and forth at room temperature between two cylindrical rollers (steel 100Cr6, diameter 10 mm, length 10 mm) in line geometry, oscillating at a speed of 0.243 mm/s. In the first cycle, a normal force of 100 N is applied.
- the normal force is increased by 50 N until stick-slip occurs or the maximum load of 1200 N is reached.
- the average frictional force is continuously determined over each movement cycle. The tests are preferably carried out at 25°C.
- the rheological properties of the lubricating greases produced in Example 1 are determined on an MCR 300 rheometer from Anton Paar in accordance with DIN 53019 at a test temperature of 25° C. and a shear rate of 300 s ⁇ 1. The shear viscosities determined after a measurement period of 90 s are compared with the shear viscosity of the comparison grease containing PTFE:
- the shear viscosity of lubricating grease 2 containing zirconium hydrogen phosphate according to the invention is only about half that of comparative grease 5 containing PTFE.
- the lubricating grease 3 containing melamine monophosphate according to the invention also has a significantly lower shear viscosity than the comparative grease containing PTFE.
- Lubricating greases 6 to 8 according to the invention and comparison grease 9 are produced as follows:
- example greases according to the invention have significantly lower oil separations at 100° C. and 200° C. with comparable low-temperature behavior (flow pressure results), so that the perfluoropolyether oil is better retained in the grease.
- example grease 6 shows a significant increase in the L 50 service life and example grease 7 shows a significantly improved increase in the L 10 service life. 5.
- Production of the lubricating greases 13 and 14 according to the invention (group B6)
- perfluoropolyether oil consisting of perfluoropropylene oxide as a monomer, available as Aflunox 400 V with a viscosity of 430 mm 2 /sec at 40 cst
- perfluoropolyether oil consisting of perfluoropropylene oxide as a monomer, available as Aflunox 400 V with a viscosity of 430 mmVsec at 40 cst
- Example grease 13 shows improved service life in the FE 9 test.
- Example grease 14 also very reliably meets the requirements of the service life test (FE 9).
- Greases 15 to 18 of the present invention containing fluorine-free B3 group materials and partially fluorine-free B6 group materials are prepared. The procedure is as follows: The silicone oil is placed in a kettle and heated to 120-130° C. while stirring. Then the Aerosil, modified dimethyldichlorosilane, BET surface area approx. 110 m 2 /g, is added and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour. After cooling, the silicone oil / Aerosil Sud with the other recipe ingredients according to Table added and stirred at 1500 rpm for 10 min. The mixtures are homogenized using a three-roller mill, giving the example fats listed in the table.
- the tribological properties of the lubricating greases produced in Example 4 are determined on the Tannert sliding friction test bench. The coefficients of friction obtained are compared with the coefficients of friction of a grease containing PTFE (comparison grease 9):
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22821403.7A EP4437071A1 (de) | 2021-11-24 | 2022-11-21 | Schmierfett |
| US18/712,709 US20250019614A1 (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2022-11-21 | High-temperature grease |
| JP2024531189A JP2024541497A (ja) | 2021-11-24 | 2022-11-21 | 潤滑グリース |
| CN202280077851.9A CN118302508A (zh) | 2021-11-24 | 2022-11-21 | 高温润滑脂 |
| KR1020247015367A KR20240090367A (ko) | 2021-11-24 | 2022-11-21 | 고온 그리스 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21210197.6A EP4186966A1 (de) | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 | Hochtemperaturschmierfett |
| EP21210197.6 | 2021-11-24 | ||
| DE102021130746.5A DE102021130746A1 (de) | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 | Schmierfett |
| DE102021130746.5 | 2021-11-24 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023094322A1 true WO2023094322A1 (de) | 2023-06-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2022/082624 Ceased WO2023094322A1 (de) | 2021-11-24 | 2022-11-21 | Schmierfett |
| PCT/EP2022/082623 Ceased WO2023094321A1 (de) | 2021-11-24 | 2022-11-21 | Hochtemperaturschmierfett |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/EP2022/082623 Ceased WO2023094321A1 (de) | 2021-11-24 | 2022-11-21 | Hochtemperaturschmierfett |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20250019614A1 (de) |
| EP (2) | EP4437070A1 (de) |
| JP (2) | JP2024541492A (de) |
| KR (2) | KR20240090367A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2022397936B2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA3237745A1 (de) |
| WO (2) | WO2023094322A1 (de) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR102915657B1 (ko) * | 2024-12-24 | 2026-01-20 | 구연찬 | 제강용 하이브리드 윤활제 조성물 |
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2022
- 2022-11-21 AU AU2022397936A patent/AU2022397936B2/en active Active
- 2022-11-21 EP EP22821402.9A patent/EP4437070A1/de active Pending
- 2022-11-21 KR KR1020247015367A patent/KR20240090367A/ko active Pending
- 2022-11-21 JP JP2024531139A patent/JP2024541492A/ja active Pending
- 2022-11-21 US US18/712,709 patent/US20250019614A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-21 WO PCT/EP2022/082624 patent/WO2023094322A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-11-21 EP EP22821403.7A patent/EP4437071A1/de active Pending
- 2022-11-21 US US18/712,711 patent/US20250019615A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-21 WO PCT/EP2022/082623 patent/WO2023094321A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-11-21 JP JP2024531189A patent/JP2024541497A/ja active Pending
- 2022-11-21 CA CA3237745A patent/CA3237745A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-21 KR KR1020247016081A patent/KR20240093592A/ko active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4437071A1 (de) | 2024-10-02 |
| WO2023094321A1 (de) | 2023-06-01 |
| KR20240090367A (ko) | 2024-06-21 |
| CA3237745A1 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
| KR20240093592A (ko) | 2024-06-24 |
| AU2022397936A1 (en) | 2024-05-09 |
| US20250019615A1 (en) | 2025-01-16 |
| JP2024541497A (ja) | 2024-11-08 |
| AU2022397936B2 (en) | 2026-04-23 |
| EP4437070A1 (de) | 2024-10-02 |
| JP2024541492A (ja) | 2024-11-08 |
| US20250019614A1 (en) | 2025-01-16 |
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