WO2023140677A1 - 단일체 입자 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지용 활물질 - Google Patents
단일체 입자 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지용 활물질 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023140677A1 WO2023140677A1 PCT/KR2023/000994 KR2023000994W WO2023140677A1 WO 2023140677 A1 WO2023140677 A1 WO 2023140677A1 KR 2023000994 W KR2023000994 W KR 2023000994W WO 2023140677 A1 WO2023140677 A1 WO 2023140677A1
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
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- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
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- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
- C01G53/502—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2 containing lithium and cobalt
- C01G53/504—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2 containing lithium and cobalt with the molar ratio of nickel with respect to all the metals other than alkali metals higher than or equal to 0.5, e.g. Li(MzNixCoyMn1-x-y-z)O2 with x ≥ 0.5
- C01G53/506—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2 containing lithium and cobalt with the molar ratio of nickel with respect to all the metals other than alkali metals higher than or equal to 0.5, e.g. Li(MzNixCoyMn1-x-y-z)O2 with x ≥ 0.5 with the molar ratio of nickel with respect to all the metals other than alkali metals higher than or equal to 0.8, e.g. Li(MzNixCoyMn1-x-y-z)O2 with x ≥ 0.8
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
- C01P2004/82—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
- C01P2004/84—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases one phase coated with the other
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
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- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a single particle and an active material for a secondary battery including the same, and more particularly, to an active material for a secondary battery including a core existing in a state of unagglomerated primary particles and a coating layer formed on at least a part of the core containing Co and a structure stabilizing element, thereby solving the problems of a conventional secondary particle structure, improving oxygen desorption, and improving resistance/capacity/efficiency/residual lithium and lifetime characteristics, and an active material for a secondary battery including the same.
- Lithium secondary batteries have the advantages of high operating voltage, energy density, long lifespan and stability, and are used in various fields ranging from small devices such as drones and mobile devices to medium and large devices such as electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems (ESS).
- EVs electric vehicles
- ESS energy storage systems
- active material particles used in lithium secondary batteries have a secondary particle structure having a size of several ⁇ m in which fine primary particles having a size of submicrons are aggregated.
- the secondary particle structure has a problem in that battery characteristics deteriorate as the secondary particles are broken as the agglomerated primary particles are separated during repeated charging and discharging. Since these problems are due to the structural characteristics of secondary particles and are difficult to solve unless the structure is changed, a one-body particle active material for a secondary battery having a novel structure has been developed.
- This monolithic active material has a 'non-aggregated single particle (primary particle)' structure rather than a conventional 'secondary particle structure in which primary particles are aggregated', and since there is 'almost' no aggregation of particles, there is no particle separation due to charging and discharging, which solves problems occurring in secondary particle active materials.
- the term 'almost' means to allow for some agglomerates that are unavoidably present in the production of the new monolithic particles/powder. That is, since it is impossible for all particles to exist completely apart from each other due to technical limitations, some unintended agglomerates may be generated, and the proportion of some agglomerated particles may be within 30% of the total active material powder. These partially agglomerated particles do not correspond to secondary particles.
- 'active material' includes both the meaning of 'particle' and the meaning of 'powder in which a plurality of particles are gathered', and both particles and powder are commonly referred to as active materials in the art. It is common to understand whether the terms mean particles or powder depending on the situation in which they are used, but in the present invention, 'particles' and 'active material (powder)' are separately expressed to avoid confusion.
- the novel single particle has a size of several ⁇ m and does not have an agglomerated structure, so there is no particle separation during charging and discharging, so it can fundamentally solve problems occurring in the secondary particle structure.
- the degree of oxygen desorption is proportional to the firing temperature and the Ni content, and when the firing temperature is low, the degree of oxygen desorption is very small even when the Ni content is increased.
- high-Ni active materials in the form of secondary particles have very little oxygen desorption because the firing temperature is as low as 700 ⁇ 800 ° C during manufacture. In particular, as the Ni content increases, the firing temperature is lowered to around 700 ° C. For this reason, various studies are being conducted in the direction of further improving the capacity/output/efficiency of the secondary particle active material rather than the oxygen desorption phenomenon.
- the monolithic particle has a firing temperature as high as 850 ⁇ 1000 ° C.
- the oxygen desorption phenomenon occurs remarkably, and since it is impossible to manufacture a monolithic particle structure at a low firing temperature, even if the Ni content increases, the firing temperature is difficult to significantly lower, and there is a problem that it is difficult to improve the oxygen desorption phenomenon. Most of these oxygen elimination phenomena occur on the surface of the monolithic particle.
- the monolithic particle requiring a high firing temperature does not solve the problem of oxygen desorption, it becomes more difficult to manufacture a high-Ni secondary battery active material.
- the degree of oxygen desorption is not severe, but when the Ni content is 60% or more, the degree of oxygen desorption increases, and in particular, when the Ni content is 80% or more, it becomes very severe.
- NiO NiO
- a rock salt structure in the layered structure of the secondary battery active material and increases Li by-products.
- NiO gradually increases due to repeated charging and discharging, resulting in higher resistance, and various side reactions occur as Li by-products increase, resulting in deterioration of battery performance such as capacity reduction.
- Mn which serves to improve structural stability
- Ni which serves to improve structural stability
- the Mn content relatively decreases, resulting in a decrease in structural stability and lifespan. That is, in order to manufacture high-Ni content monolithic particles having excellent characteristics, it is necessary to solve both the oxygen desorption problem and the lifespan reduction problem.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-068300 is known as a representative known technology for monolithic particles, which describes monolithic particles having an average particle diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m or more to 5 ⁇ m or less, and describes a method for solving the structural problems of the secondary particle active material as described above.
- a lithium nickel-manganese composite oxide represented by LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 is described as an example of the monolithic particle.
- the above literature does not recognize the problem of oxygen desorption due to high firing temperature and the problem that oxygen desorption becomes more severe when the Ni content is as high as 60% or more.
- Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1971442 is known as a representative known technology for secondary particle active materials, which are secondary particles in which submicron-sized primary particles are aggregated, and the cobalt concentration at the grain boundary between the primary particles is higher than that inside the primary particles.
- the above patent also has a secondary particle structure, it is impossible to solve the above-described structural problem, and the problem of oxygen elimination occurring in the monolithic particle is not recognized at all.
- the feature of "a high concentration of cobalt located at the grain boundary formed between primary particles” is a feature that does not appear in structurally completely different monolithic particles, and thus does not solve the above-mentioned problems caused by the structural characteristics of monolithic particles.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art and the technical problems that have been requested from the past.
- the inventors of the present application have solved problems such as resistance increase and capacity decrease due to NiO, which is a rock salt structure stoichiometrically generated by oxygen elimination during production of monolithic particles/powder.
- NiO is a rock salt structure stoichiometrically generated by oxygen elimination during production of monolithic particles/powder.
- the problem of the decrease in lifespan that occurs when the Mn content decreases as the Ni content increases has been solved together.
- the secondary particle structure of the conventional secondary battery active material is a form in which primary particles are densely aggregated, an interface exists between the closely adhered primary particles.
- the novel single-body particle for a secondary battery active material of the present invention exists in the state of non-aggregated primary particles, the above-described structural characteristics do not appear and the problem of separation of the agglomerated primary particles does not appear.
- It includes a core and a coating layer formed on at least a portion of the core;
- the coating layer includes Co and a structure stabilizing element at the same time;
- the core exists in a state of non-agglomerated primary particles
- the structure stabilizing element is characterized in that its bond dissociation energy (BDE) with oxygen (O) is greater than the bond-dissociation energy (BDE) between Co and oxygen (O).
- the novel monolithic particle according to the present invention includes a core existing in a non-agglomerated primary particle state and a coating layer formed on at least a part of the core, and the coating layer includes Co and a structure stabilizing element.
- the core of the novel monolithic particle of the present invention may be a lithium transition metal oxide containing Ni, and the Ni content may be 60 mol% or more, which has a high degree of oxygen desorption during the sintering process.
- Ni-based monolithic particles containing Ni as a main component include Mn to improve lifespan characteristics.
- Mn content that can be contained relatively decreases, which reduces structural stability, resulting in a decrease in lifespan.
- the oxygen desorption phenomenon is improved and the capacity, efficiency, etc. are improved by the action of Co.
- the coating layer containing Co cannot solve the problem of lifespan reduction due to a decrease in Mn content. That is, since Mn uniformly located in the entire volume of the novel single-body particle prepared through the first sintering improves the lifespan characteristics more significantly than Co of the coating layer formed through the second sintering, when the Mn content is reduced, even if a coating layer containing Co is formed, the lifespan characteristic is reduced.
- the inventors of the present application have recognized this point and studied the form of a coating layer that can be included together with Co to further improve the lifespan from various technical aspects.
- the factor that reduces the lifespan of a secondary battery is the result of complex factors rather than a specific one, and a representative factor is deformation/disintegration of the crystal structure due to charging and discharging.
- the crystal structure contracts/expands, and the distance between the O (oxygen) layers that are separated from each other becomes closer and closer, and the process of moving away is repeated. As this process is repeated, the crystal structure is deformed/disintegrated, and the lifespan characteristic is lowered.
- 'bond dissociation energy (BDE)' is equal to the binding energy of a diatomic molecule, which means the energy of a single chemical bond.
- 'bond energy' means the average value of 'bond dissociation energy' of all bonds of a specific type in a molecule. Since the bond-dissociation energy (BDE) of each material with oxygen is widely known through known data such as 'Lange's Handbook of Chemistry', a description thereof is omitted herein.
- the inventors of the present application apply an element that can be combined with strong energy ('structure stabilization element') together with Co so that the spacing of O (oxygen) layers does not change during charging and discharging. It is expected that the crystal structure can be suppressed from being transformed / collapsed, and the criteria for selecting suitable elements were reviewed.
- the bond-dissociation energy (BDE) of Co and O (oxygen) applied to the coating layer is 368 kJ/mol. Since it was confirmed that only applying Co to the coating layer is insufficient to suppress the spacing of the O (oxygen) layers during charging and discharging, it is expected that a material capable of bonding to O (oxygen) with a stronger force than Co (structure stabilization element) is applied together with Co to improve the oxygen desorption phenomenon and at the same time to further suppress the crystal structure collapse, greatly improving the lifespan.
- 'structure stabilization element' refers to elements having a BDE value greater than the bond-dissociation energy (BDE) of Co and O among elements that may constitute a secondary battery active material.
- BDE bond-dissociation energy
- the types of these elements and the bond-dissociation energy of O (oxygen) are as follows, and it is possible that two or more elements and/or compounds rather than one element are applied:
- the structure stabilizing element in the present invention may be one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, and Sn, and in the embodiments described later, one or more of Ti, Al, and W are used as a preferred example.
- the coating layer containing Co and the structure stabilizing element may include a coating layer formed outwardly from the core surface and a coating layer formed inwardly from the core surface at the same time. It may be desirable.
- the former provides a structure in which a coating layer is formed in an outward direction from the surface of the core
- the latter provides a structure in which a coating layer is formed in an inward direction from the surface of the core. That is, a coating layer having a composition different from that of the core may be formed by complex combination of elements on the outside of the surface of the core, or a coating layer having a composition different from that of the core may be formed on a part of the surface of the core by diffusion inward from the surface of the core.
- the coating layer formed in the outer direction from the core surface is referred to as an "external coating layer” and the coating layer formed in an inward direction from the core surface is classified as an “inner coating layer” according to the position where the coating layer is formed relative to the surface of the core.
- These coating layers may be formed differently depending on the firing temperature under the same condition of Ni content.
- the Co content penetrating into the core is reduced and a significant amount of Co reacts with Li on the surface to form a coating layer in the form of LCO (LiCoO 2 ).
- LCO LiCoO 2
- Co has a characteristic of being able to take a large amount of oxygen (O) when it enters the core, so Co and oxygen are supplied into the core together.
- O oxygen
- the oxygen desorption phenomenon at the surface also increases rapidly.
- Co diffuses into the core external oxygen is brought into the core and recombination of Li and oxygen is induced, so the oxygen desorption phenomenon generated at the surface is improved. That is, the crystal structure unstable due to oxygen elimination is recombined with oxygen introduced into the inside to recover a uniform layered structure, and thus life characteristics are improved.
- the surface ionic conductivity is not improved when the outer coating layer is not present even though the inner coating layer has an appropriate thickness as described above, it may be more preferable to coexist the outer coating layer in terms of resistance.
- gas may be generated during long-term charging and discharging due to a side reaction with the electrolyte, which may cause a defect in the stability of the battery.
- NiO of a rock salt structure proceeds in the superficial portion due to oxygen (O) desorbed from the interior of the monolithic particle. may cause rise.
- the coating layer containing Co or the like does not penetrate into the interior of the monolithic particles at all due to an excessively low secondary firing temperature (for example, 500 ° C. in the comparative example described below) and is formed in the form of a lithium compound only on the outside of the core surface, the bonding force between the coating layer and the core is weak and electrochemical detachment of the transition metal may occur during repeated charging and discharging.
- the lifespan improvement effect since the structure deformed by oxygen elimination inside the particle cannot be improved at all, the lifespan improvement effect may be relatively reduced compared to the case where a coating layer having a constant thickness is formed therein.
- an inner coating layer having an appropriate thickness to improve lifespan by controlling the deformed structure from the inside of the single-body particle and an outer coating layer to prevent side reactions with the electrolyte and improve initial resistance with high ion conductivity are present at the same time.
- Particle design that is set to be ultimately more desirable in terms of electrochemical performance and stability.
- the thickness of the coating layer is within 20% of the average particle diameter of the core so that the portion where the oxygen desorption phenomenon mainly occurs may be included. Preferably, it may be formed to have a thickness corresponding to within 15%.
- the thickness of the coating layer means the total thickness of the inner coating layer and the outer coating layer, and in one specific example, the ratio between the thickness of the inner coating layer and the thickness of the outer coating layer may be in the range of 0.2: 0.8 to 0.8: 0.2.
- the core exists in a non-agglomerated primary particle state.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the non-aggregated primary particles may be in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m so as to properly exhibit characteristics as a secondary battery active material. Since the active material for a secondary battery exists in the form of unaggregated primary particles having the above-described particle size, the problem of the conventional secondary particle structure, that is, the secondary particles are broken and separated into primary particles as charging and discharging is repeated, and the problem of deteriorating battery characteristics is solved.
- the coating layer may include, for example, a plurality of layers including an outer coating layer including at least one of Co, Zr, Ti, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, and Sn and formed outwardly from the core surface, and an inner coating layer including at least one of Ni, Co, and Mn and at least one of Zr, Ti, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, and Sn and formed inwardly from the core surface.
- an outer coating layer including at least one of Co, Zr, Ti, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, and Sn and formed outwardly from the core surface
- an inner coating layer including at least one of Ni, Co, and Mn and at least one of Zr, Ti, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, and Sn and formed inwardly from the core surface.
- the core which is a lithium transition metal oxide containing Ni
- the coating layer may include two or more of Formulas 2 to 6 below. Examples of coating layers implemented based on them are disclosed in FIG. 4. Such a coating layer may be formed in various forms depending on Ni content, firing temperature, firing method, and the like.
- D is at least one of Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, and Sn.
- M is at least one of Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, and Sn.
- M is at least one of Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, and Sn.
- M is at least one of Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, and Sn.
- M is at least one of Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, and Sn.
- M is at least one of Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, and Sn.
- the material when the coating layer is mainly formed inside the core may have a composition of Formula 2 or Formula 5, and the material when the coating layer is mainly formed on the outside of the core may have a composition of Formulas 3, 4, and 6.
- M in the inner coating layers of Formulas 2 and 5 may be partially derived from the core, partially derived from raw materials for preparing the coating layer, or partially derived from the core and partially derived from the coating layer raw materials. It may be a complex combination derived from.
- the combination thereof including both the inner coating layer and the outer coating layer may vary
- the inner coating layer may be a combination including the composition of Formula 2 and the outer coating layer including the composition of Formula 3,
- the inner coating layer may include a composition of Formula 5 and the outer coating layer may include a composition of Formula 4,
- the inner coating layer may include a first coating layer including the composition of Formula 2 and the second coating layer including the composition of Formula 5, and the outer coating layer may include the composition of Formula 6.
- the same element as the structural stabilization element is included among the element(s) constituting the core, and in this case, at least one of Co and the structural stabilization element has a higher content in the coating layer than the core, and preferably both Co and the structural stabilizing element may have a higher content in the coating layer than the core.
- the content of at least one of Co and structural stabilizing elements in the coating layer be 10% or more higher than the content (mol%) of the same element in the core.
- the powders including the single body particles may be prepared by a method including the following steps.
- the structure stabilizing element is characterized in that the bond-dissociation energy (BDE) of oxygen (O) is greater than the bond-dissociation energy (BDE) of Co and oxygen (O).
- the manufacturing method herein is defined as a method for manufacturing a single body powder including a plurality of single body particles.
- the "transition metal precursor containing Ni” is a concept that includes both a precursor composed of Ni and a precursor composed of one or more transition metals other than Ni and Ni, and the precursor composed of one or more transition metals other than Ni and Ni can be prepared, for example, by a coprecipitation method.
- "Li raw material” is a material containing lithium, and examples thereof include Li 2 CO 3 , LiOH, and the like.
- a doping material may be additionally mixed with the first mixture in the preparation step (a).
- the primary firing step (b) is a step of preparing a first fired body by firing the prepared first mixture, and generally, the firing temperature varies depending on the particle shape (single structure/secondary particle structure) and Ni content. In the embodiments described later, the primary firing was performed at 890 to 930 ° C, but it may be selected from 700 to 1000 ° C, and if necessary, the firing step may be divided into several temperature sections in the corresponding temperature range.
- the first fired body which has been subjected to primary firing at a high temperature, becomes an oxide state, and if the doping materials are mixed together in the above-described preparation step (a), a doped secondary battery active material oxide powder (first fired body) is prepared.
- the coating layer forming step (c) of forming a coating layer containing Co and a structural stabilization element on at least a portion of the first fired body is not limited to the method used in the present invention, since it can be implemented by using a spray spraying method or a solution reaction as well as heat treatment after mixing according to the shape of the desired coating layer.
- a certain amount of Co is penetrated into a single particle through heat treatment to form an 'inner coating layer', and a certain amount of Co is evenly formed on the surface through a spray spraying method or a solution reaction, and an 'outer coating layer' can be formed through heat treatment at a relatively low temperature.
- the method for realizing the design of the coating layer is not limited to the method specified in the present invention.
- the heat treatment method applied in the present invention it can be carried out in a temperature range lower than the temperature of the first firing step, and in the embodiments described later, the second firing at 500 ⁇ 600 ° C. includes both an inner coating layer and an outer coating layer.
- An active material for a secondary battery is being prepared.
- Co raw material is a material containing Co
- various salts such as hydroxides such as Co ( OH ) 2 and Co (OH) 3 , oxides , and CoSO 4 may be used.
- Oxides of elements , various salts, hydroxides , etc. may be used, but are not limited to these, of course.
- the present invention also provides an active material for a secondary battery including the novel single-body particle, and since other configurations and manufacturing methods of such an active material for a secondary battery are known in the art, a detailed description thereof is omitted herein.
- the single-body particle according to the present invention not only solves the problems of the conventional secondary particle structure in a secondary battery active material with a high Ni content, but also improves the oxygen desorption phenomenon generated during firing of the single-body particle, and resistance / capacity / efficiency / residual lithium / life characteristics can be remarkably improved.
- 1A to 1D are EDS images of FE-TEM cross-sections of positive electrode active material particles of Comparative Example 6 performed in Experimental Example 4, (a) is a FE-TEM cross-sectional image, (b) is an EDS mapping image of a Ni element with core boundaries marked, (c) is an EDS mapping image of Co element, and (d) is an EDS mapping image of Al element;
- EDS images of FE-TEM cross-sections of positive electrode active material particles of Comparative Example 11 performed in Experimental Example 4 (a) is a FE-TEM cross-sectional image, (b) is an EDS mapping image of a Ni element with core boundaries marked, (c) is an EDS mapping image of Co element, and (d) is an EDS mapping image of Al element;
- 3A to 3D are EDS images of FE-TEM cross-sections of the positive electrode active material particles of Example 3 performed in Experimental Example 4, (a) is a FE-TEM cross-sectional image, (b) is an EDS mapping image of Ni element with core boundaries marked, (c) is an EDS mapping image of Co element, and (d) is an EDS mapping image of Al element;
- FIG 4 is schematic diagrams of the configuration of coating layers including an inner coating layer and an outer coating layer according to an example of the present invention.
- NiSO 4 as a nickel raw material, CoSO 4 as a cobalt raw material, and MnSO 4 as a manganese raw material were added to distilled water at a molar ratio of 0.75:0.1:0.15 to prepare a nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide precursor aqueous solution using a 500 L cylindrical reactor. While stirring the aqueous solution, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and an aqueous ammonia solution (chelating agent) were added to adjust the pH in the reactor to 10.2 to 12.5 and the ammonia concentration in the reactor to 4000 to 5500 ppm, respectively.
- the precursor aqueous solution was neutralized by slowly adding the precursor dropwise while maintaining the temperature of the reactor at 60° C. and stirring the reaction mixture for 24 hours to precipitate Ni 0.75 Co 0.1 Mn 0.15 (OH) 2 , which is a nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide.
- the synthesized precipitate was filtered and dried at 120° C. for 24 hours to prepare a positive electrode active material precursor having a BET of 10 to 13 m 2 /g and a TD of 1 to 2.5 g/cm 3 .
- NiSO 4 as a nickel raw material, CoSO 4 as a cobalt raw material, and MnSO 4 as a manganese raw material were added to distilled water in a molar ratio of 0.85:0.1:0.05 to prepare a nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide precursor aqueous solution.
- NiSO 4 as a nickel raw material, CoSO 4 as a cobalt raw material, and MnSO 4 as a manganese raw material were added to water in a molar ratio of 0.95:0.025:0.025 to prepare a nickel-cobalt-manganese hydroxide precursor aqueous solution.
- a nickel-cobalt hydroxide precursor aqueous solution was prepared by adding NiSO 4 as a nickel raw material and CoSO 4 as a cobalt raw material to water in a molar ratio of 0.95:0.05. While stirring the aqueous solution, an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was slowly added dropwise and the reaction mixture was stirred for 5 hours to neutralize the aqueous precursor solution, thereby precipitating Ni 0.88 Co 0.12 (OH) 2 , which is a nickel-cobalt hydroxide.
- Co(OH) 2 in an amount of 1.5 mol of Co was mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 3 where the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing was performed at 800 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and Al 2 O 3 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.05 mol of Al were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 3, using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing at 500 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Al (aluminum) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and WO 3 in an amount of 1.5 mol of Co and 0.3 mol of W were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 3 in which the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing at 400 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and W (tungsten) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and TiO 2 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.1 mol of Ti were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 3 where the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing at 500 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Ti (titanium) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and Al 2 O 3 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.05 mol of Al were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 1 in which the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer, and secondary firing was performed at 800 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Al (aluminum) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and Al 2 O 3 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.05 mol of Al were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 2 in which the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer, and secondary firing was performed at 800 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Al (aluminum) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and Al 2 O 3 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.05 mol of Al were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 3 in which the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer, and secondary firing was performed at 800 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Al (aluminum) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and WO 3 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.3 mol of W were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 3, using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing at 800 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and W (tungsten) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and TiO 2 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.1 mol of Ti were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 3, which had been subjected to primary firing, using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing at 800 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Ti (titanium) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and Al 2 O 3 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.05 mol of Al were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 1 in which the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer, and secondary firing was performed at 600 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Al (aluminum) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and Al 2 O 3 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.05 mol of Al were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 2 in which the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer, and secondary firing was performed at 600 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Al (aluminum) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and Al 2 O 3 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.05 mol of Al were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 3 in which the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer, and secondary firing was performed at 600 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Al (aluminum) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and WO 3 in an amount of 1.5 mol of Co and 0.3 mol of W were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 1 in which the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing at 500 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and W (tungsten) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and WO 3 in an amount of 1.5 mol of Co and 0.3 mol of W were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 2 in which the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing at 500 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and W (tungsten) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and WO 3 in an amount of 1.5 mol of Co and 0.3 mol of W were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 3 in which the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing at 500 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and W (tungsten) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and TiO 2 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.1 mol of Ti were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 1 after the primary firing, using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing at 600 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Ti (titanium) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and TiO 2 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.1 mol of Ti were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 2 where the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing at 600 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Ti (titanium) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- Co(OH) 2 and TiO 2 as much as 1.5 mol of Co and 0.1 mol of Ti were mixed with the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 3 where the primary firing was completed using a 30L powder mixer (HDSM-I-20, HANtech), and secondary firing at 600 ° C. for 7 hours to form a coating layer containing Co (cobalt) and Ti (titanium) on the surface of the positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode active materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 13 and Examples 1 to 9, respectively, were mixed with Super-P as a conductive material and PVdF as a binder in a solvent of N-methylpyrrolidone in a ratio of 96: 2: 2 (weight ratio) to prepare a positive electrode active material slurry, which was coated on an aluminum current collector, dried at 120 ° C., and rolled to prepare a positive electrode.
- LiPF 6 lithium hexafluorophosphate
- a lithium secondary battery was prepared based on the positive electrode active materials prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 13 and Examples 1 to 9, respectively, and 0.5C, 4.25V (CC / CV charge) and 1.0C, 2.5V (CC discharge). It was repeated 50 times at 45 ° C. to confirm the lifespan and resistance increase rate. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 4 correspond to monolithic particles on which no coating layer is formed
- Comparative Example 1 corresponds to Ni70-based NCM
- Comparative Example 2 corresponds to Ni80-based NC
- Comparative Example 3 corresponds to Ni90-based NCM
- Comparative Example 4 corresponds to monolithic particles coated with only Co (cobalt) particles without a structural stabilization element.
- Comparative Example 6 is a case in which the outer coating layer is designed to have a high proportion of the outer coating layer using Co and a structural stabilization element (Al), and when Comparative Example 6 in Table 1 is compared with Example 3 and Comparative Example 11, the effect of improving the initial resistance due to the high ionic conductivity of the coating layer can be seen. 3, it can be considered inferior to Comparative Example 11.
- Comparative Example 7 is Co and a structural stabilization element (W) different from Comparative Example 6, and Comparative Example 8 is a case in which Co and another kind of structural stabilization element (Ti) are designed to form a high proportion of the outer coating layer on Ni90-based monolithic particles, respectively. It can be seen that the rate is inferior in the same way.
- Comparative Examples 9 to 11 correspond to cases in which the inner coating layer is designed to have a high specific gravity on Ni70-based, Ni80-based, and Ni90-based monolithic particles using Co and a structural stabilization element (Al). Comparing Comparative Example 11 corresponding to the Ni90 system in Table 1 with Comparative Example 3, the lifetime of the monolithic particles is improved by controlling the internally deformed structure, but the initial resistance due to the absence of the outer coating layer Comparative Example 6 and Example 3 It can be seen that it is significantly higher than that.
- Comparative Example 12 is Co and a structural stabilization element (W) different from Comparative Example 11, and Comparative Example 13 is a case in which Co and another kind of structural stabilization element (Ti) are designed to form a high proportion of the inner coating layer on Ni90-based single particles, respectively. Although the lifetime is improved, it can be seen that the initial resistance is inferior.
- an outer coating layer and an inner coating layer are appropriately formed on Ni70-based, Ni80-based, and Ni90-based single-body particles using Co and a structure stabilizing element (Al).
- a structure stabilizing element Al
- Examples 4 to 6 correspond to cases in which an outer coating layer and an inner coating layer are appropriately formed on Ni70-based, Ni80-based, and Ni90-based monolithic particles using Co and a structure stabilizing element (W).
- Examples 7 to 9 correspond to cases in which an outer coating layer and an inner coating layer are appropriately formed on Ni70-based, Ni80-based, and Ni90-based monolithic particles using Co and a structure stabilizing element (Ti). This shows that, as confirmed in Examples 1 to 3, the same phenomenon capable of securing both the initial resistance improvement effect and the lifespan and resistance increase rate improvement effect can be designed regardless of the type of structural stabilization element.
- Electron gun Cold-cathode field emission type electron gun
- EDS-Scan rate medium (30s/scan), 5min.
- (a) is a FE-TEM cross-sectional image
- (b) is an image of a core boundary in an EDS mapping image of Ni element
- (c) is an EDS mapping image of Co element
- (d) is an EDS mapping image of an Al element, which corresponds to the case where the coating elements are designed to be located on the outer coating layer (surface portion corresponding to the outside of the core) and is isolated in the form of an island. It can be seen that they are formed as an outer coating layer outside the core.
- (a) is a FE-TEM cross-sectional image
- (b) is an image in which core boundaries are marked on the EDS mapping image of Ni element
- (d) is an EDS mapping image of Al element, and it can be seen that the inner coating layer (transition metal coating layer formed by penetrating into the core) is formed in a deep and wide range.
- FIGS. 3A to 3D they are for Example 3, (a) is a FE-TEM cross-sectional image, (b) is an image in which core boundaries are displayed on the EDS mapping image of Ni element, (c) EDS mapping image of Co element, (d) is an EDS mapping image of an Al element, and it can be seen that both the outer coating layer and the inner coating layer are present.
- Example 3 compared to Comparative Example 6 and Comparative Example 11, it was confirmed that the electrochemical performance improvement and stability were excellent, which is a result that can be seen as the fact that Co (cobalt) and a structure stabilizing element are formed on the outside of the surface of the monolithic particle and the coating layer formed by infiltrating the inside exists at the same time.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (16)
- 이차전지 활물질용 입자로서,코어, 및 상기 코어의 적어도 일부에 형성되는 코팅층을 포함하고;상기 코팅층은 Co와 구조 안정화 원소를 포함하며;상기 코어는 미응집된 1차 입자 상태로 존재하고;상기 구조 안정화 원소는 산소(O)와의 결합-해리 에너지(Bond dissociation energy: BDE)가 Co와 산소(O)의 결합-해리 에너지(BDE)보다 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 코어는 Ni을 포함하는 리튬 전이금속 산화물인 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 구조 안정화 원소는 Zr, Ti, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 구조 안정화 원소는 Ti, Al, W 중의 하나 이상을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 코팅층은 적어도 2개 이상의 다층으로 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자.
- 제 5 항에 있어서, 상기 코팅층은 코어 표면으로부터 외측 방향으로 형성된 외부 코팅층과 코어 표면으로부터 내측 방향으로 형성된 내부 코팅층을 동시에 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자.
- 제 6 항에 있어서,상기 외부 코팅층은 Co, Zr, Ti, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상을 포함하고;상기 내부 코팅층은 Ni, Co, Mn 중 하나 이상과 Zr, Ti, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 코팅층은 코어 평균 입경의 20% 이내에 해당하는 두께를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 코어는 하기 화학식 1의 조성을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자:LiaNibCocMndDeOx (1)0.95≤a≤1.1, 0<b≤1, 0≤c<1, 0≤d<1, 0≤e≤0.05, 0<x≤4,D는 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 내부 코팅층은 하기 화학식 2 및 화학식 5 중 하나 이상의 조성을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자:LieNifCogMnhMiOk (2)0.95≤e≤1.1, 0≤f<1, 0<g<1, 0≤h<1, 0<i<1, g>i, 0<k≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다;LieNifCogMnhMiOk (5)0.95≤e≤1.1, 0≤f<1, 0<g<1, 0≤h<1, 0<i<1, g≤i, 0<k≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 외부 코팅층은 하기 화학식 3, 화학식 4 및 화학식 6 중 하나 이상의 조성을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자:LilComMnOp (3)0≤l≤1.1, 0<m<1, 0≤n<1, m>n, 0<p≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다;LilComMnOp (4)0≤l≤1.1, 0≤m<1, 0<n<1, m<n, 0<p≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다;LilComMnOp (6)0≤l≤1.1, 0<m<1, 0<n<1, 0<p≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 내부 코팅층은 하기 화학식 2의 조성을 포함하고, 상기 외부 코팅층은 하기 화학식 3의 조성을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자:[화학식 2]LieNifCogMnhMiOk (2)0.95≤e≤1.1, 0≤f<1, 0<g<1, 0≤h<1, 0≤i<1, g>i, 0<k≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다.[화학식 3]LilComMnOp (3)0≤l≤1.1, 0<m<1, 0≤n<1, m>n, 0<p≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 내부 코팅층은 하기 화학식 5의 조성을 포함하고, 상기 외부 코팅층은 하기 화학식 4의 조성을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자:[화학식 4]LilComMnOp (4)0≤l≤1.1, 0≤m<1, 0<n<1, m<n, 0<p≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다.[화학식 5]LieNifCogMnhMiOk (5)0.95≤e≤1.1, 0≤f<1, 0<g<1, 0≤h<1, 0<i<1, g≤i, 0<k≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 상기 내부 코팅층은 하기 화학식 2의 조성을 포함하는 제 1 코팅층과 하기 화학식 5의 조성을 포함하는 제 2 코팅층을 포함하고, 상기 외부 코팅층은 하기 화학식 6의 조성을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자:[화학식 2]LieNifCogMnhMiOk (2)0.95≤e≤1.1, 0≤f<1, 0<g<1, 0≤h<1, 0≤i<1, g>i, 0<k≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다.[화학식 5]LieNifCogMnhMiOk (5)0.95≤e≤1.1, 0≤f<1, 0<g<1, 0≤h<1, 0≤i<1, g≤i, 0<k≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다.[화학식 6]LilComMnOp (6)0≤l≤1.1, 0<m<1, 0<n<1, 0<p≤4,M은 Ti, Zr, Al, P, Si, B, W, Mg, Sn 중 하나 이상이다.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 섬(island) 형태로 고립된 코팅 원소들이 코어 바깥에 외부 코팅층으로서 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 신규 단일체 입자.
- 제 1 항에 따른 신규 단일체 입자를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지용 활물질.
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| US18/705,717 US20250140803A1 (en) | 2022-01-24 | 2023-01-20 | One-body particle and active material for secondary battery including the same |
| EP23743521.9A EP4471896A4 (en) | 2022-01-24 | 2023-01-20 | SINGLE-BODY PARTICLE AND ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR SECONDARY BATTERY INCLUDING |
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| PCT/KR2023/000994 Ceased WO2023140677A1 (ko) | 2022-01-24 | 2023-01-20 | 단일체 입자 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지용 활물질 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250140803A1 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP4471896A4 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR20230114212A (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2023140677A1 (ko) |
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| JP2003068300A (ja) | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-07 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質材料およびそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
| KR20160074236A (ko) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-06-28 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 복합 양극 활물질, 그 제조방법, 이를 포함한 양극 및 리튬 전지 |
| KR101971442B1 (ko) | 2011-08-16 | 2019-04-23 | 티악스 엘엘씨 | 다결정질 금속 산화물, 그것의 제조 방법, 및 그것을 포함하는 제품 |
| KR20190044327A (ko) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-30 | 울산과학기술원 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법, 이를 포함하는 전극, 및 상기 전극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
| KR20200022903A (ko) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-03-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
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| KR102065716B1 (ko) * | 2015-10-20 | 2020-02-11 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 다층 구조의 금속 산화물들을 포함하는 양극 활물질 제조용 전구체 및 이를 사용하여 제조된 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 |
| KR20190048923A (ko) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-09 | 울산과학기술원 | 이차전지용 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
| KR102654264B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-13 | 2024-04-02 | 에스케이온 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
-
2023
- 2023-01-20 EP EP23743521.9A patent/EP4471896A4/en active Pending
- 2023-01-20 WO PCT/KR2023/000994 patent/WO2023140677A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2023-01-20 US US18/705,717 patent/US20250140803A1/en active Pending
- 2023-01-20 KR KR1020230008391A patent/KR20230114212A/ko active Pending
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| JP2003068300A (ja) | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-07 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質材料およびそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
| KR101971442B1 (ko) | 2011-08-16 | 2019-04-23 | 티악스 엘엘씨 | 다결정질 금속 산화물, 그것의 제조 방법, 및 그것을 포함하는 제품 |
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| JP2021101429A (ja) * | 2016-07-05 | 2021-07-08 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
| KR20190044327A (ko) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-30 | 울산과학기술원 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법, 이를 포함하는 전극, 및 상기 전극을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
| KR20200022903A (ko) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-03-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
| KR102144056B1 (ko) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-08-12 | 주식회사 에스엠랩 | 양극활물질, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 양극을 포함한 리튬이차전지 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20230114212A (ko) | 2023-08-01 |
| EP4471896A1 (en) | 2024-12-04 |
| US20250140803A1 (en) | 2025-05-01 |
| EP4471896A4 (en) | 2026-01-14 |
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