WO2023169902A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines biologisch abbaubaren hohlkörpers mit einem anschlusselement - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines biologisch abbaubaren hohlkörpers mit einem anschlusselement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023169902A1 WO2023169902A1 PCT/EP2023/055183 EP2023055183W WO2023169902A1 WO 2023169902 A1 WO2023169902 A1 WO 2023169902A1 EP 2023055183 W EP2023055183 W EP 2023055183W WO 2023169902 A1 WO2023169902 A1 WO 2023169902A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hollow body
- holder
- mold
- suction
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
- B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J5/00—Manufacture of hollow articles by transferring sheets, produced from fibres suspensions or papier-mâché by suction on wire-net moulds, to couch-moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D1/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material or by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
- B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
- B65D1/0207—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by material, e.g. composition, physical features
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J3/00—Manufacture of articles by pressing wet fibre pulp, or papier-mâché, between moulds
- D21J3/10—Manufacture of articles by pressing wet fibre pulp, or papier-mâché, between moulds of hollow bodies
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J7/00—Manufacture of hollow articles from fibre suspensions or papier-mâché by deposition of fibres in or on a wire-net mould
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a container with a hollow body made of fiber material having an opening and a connecting element arranged on the hollow body and surrounding the opening according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular a method which is based on the fiber casting process.
- the invention also relates to a device for producing a container according to the method mentioned.
- Molded fiber bodies are used for various uses, particularly as transport packaging and as molded inserts in packaging to protect sensitive goods.
- the aim of further reducing the amount of plastic waste caused by packaging material the use of molded fiber articles to hold cosmetic products and food products has also received increased attention.
- the aim is to use hollow bodies made of fiber material with a closable opening as crucibles for cosmetic products, for example creams, or as containers for food products, for example liquids.
- Achieving suitable mechanical properties is particularly important in the area of the opening of the hollow body. Since the opening must be able to be tightly closed for the use of the hollow body for cosmetic products and food products, sealing films and/or closure caps made of polymers are regularly arranged as closures on the openings. A firm connection of the closures to the hollow body is required so that the closures do not come loose in an uncontrolled manner. A tight connection between a sealing film can be achieved by gluing or welding the sealing film on. A smooth surface to which the sealing film is attached is advantageous. A tight connection of closure caps can be achieved by firmly attaching or screwing on the cap. This requires high strength of the closure caps and the area where a closure cap is arranged, which is why the fiber material is regularly reinforced.
- the connecting element of such a container can in practice be formed from a polymer by injection molding and have a higher strength, a higher hardness and/or a smoother surface suitable for the adhesion of sealing films than the fibrous material of the hollow body.
- a closure can therefore easily be attached to the connection element, which securely closes the opening of the hollow body (or the container).
- the connecting element can also have special structural details such as an external thread, with which an internal thread of a closure designed as a screw closure interacts.
- the applicant has developed a thermoplastic material that consists exclusively of biodegradable or bioinert components. If the connection element and the closure of a container are formed from biodegradable biopolymers, the entire container can be biodegradable.
- the fiber molding is first produced using a fiber casting process.
- the connecting element is manufactured separately and connected to the dried fiber body in a form-fitting or material-locking manner.
- the connecting element can be molded onto the dried fiber body.
- EP 1 221 413 A1 discloses a container with a fiber molding which has on its inner surface and/or its outer surface a resin layer which is formed by applying a coating, whereby a certain thickness ratio of the resin layer to the molded object is produced and the inner and outer surface have an average centerline roughness (Ra) of 0.5 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the fiber body is formed in a multi-step process. First, pulp is poured into a cavity of a split mold. The water from the pulp is sucked out through holes in the wall of the split mold covered with a net, whereby the fibrous body is formed on the wall. An elastic and expandable pressing tool is then inserted into the cavity of the fiber molding and expanded to dewater and compact the fiber molding.
- connection element with 40 to 90% by weight of natural fibers and a binder. Attaching the connection element to the fiber body is not described in detail.
- a method according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from publication JP 2001-303 500 A.
- the invention is based on the object of providing a method and a device which enable the efficient production of a container described above.
- the method should enable a short process time and a low energy input, as well as produce a reliable connection between the connecting element and the hollow body and enable reliable handling of the hollow body.
- the divided suction mold is composed of several suction mold parts, in particular two halves.
- the hollow fiber molding is formed in the closed state of the suction mold when the suction mold parts are joined together and the wall of the suction mold encloses a largely closed cavity.
- the wall of the suction mold has a porous, water-permeable inner surface through which pulp can be sucked in.
- This inner surface can be realized in a conventional manner by a suction mold, which has a largely solid base body made of plastic or metal, into which a sieve body is inserted to form the porous inner wall.
- it is also possible to produce the parts of the suction mold for example using additive manufacturing techniques in 3D printing, with fluid channels being formed in the material of the molded parts during printing.
- the pores of the molded parts are connected to a suction device, which sucks water through the wall of the suction mold.
- the wall of the divided suction mold further contains at least one suction mold opening, which connects the cavity with an environment outside the suction mold.
- the suction mold opening can be formed in a contact area of at least two suction mold parts and thus have a circumference that is divisible. Additional features of the method that relate to the formation of the suction mold opening are described below.
- a holder is provided on which a connection element is arranged.
- the holder is an elongated body which has at least one section with a cross section that depends on the shape of the opening of the container to be produced.
- the cross section can be round if the opening of the container is to be round. If the opening is square, the said cross section of the holder has a square shape.
- the cross section of the holder corresponds to the cross section of the opening.
- the cross section of the holder only has to correspond to the shape of the opening of the container to be produced in an area that is assigned to the opening of the container to be produced.
- connection element can be arranged on the holder by means of a feed device, wherein the feed device places the connection element in a predetermined position on the holder.
- the feed device can, for example, arrange the connection element on the holder in such a way that it partially or completely surrounds the section of the holder in the area of the opening of the container to be produced.
- the holder and the connecting element arranged on it are inserted together into the suction mold.
- the connecting element is arranged in the suction mold opening and the holder protrudes through the suction mold opening so that it is arranged partly in the cavity and partly outside the suction mold. If the suction mold opening is formed in a contact area of at least two suction mold parts and has a divisible circumference, the holder with the connecting element can be inserted into the opened suction mold and the mold parts can then be closed. If the suction mold opening is not formed in a contact area of at least two suction mold parts, the holder with the connection element can be inserted into the suction mold through the suction mold opening in the longitudinal direction of the holder until the connection element lies in the suction mold opening.
- the suction mold opening can be slightly larger than the connecting element, at least in one section. In this case, the connection element can be held in the suction mold opening by the holder in such a way that a gap is formed between the connection element and the suction mold opening.
- the split suction mold is closed and a pulp is sucked into the cavity by dipping the suction mold and/or the holder into a basin filled with pulp.
- the holder can be hollow so that the pulp is sucked into the suction mold through the hollow holder.
- the pulp contains water and fibrous material.
- the fiber material usually consists of pulp such as waste paper or other recyclable fibers, but also fresh fibers, depending on the requirements for the optical properties of the fiber molding.
- the pulp can contain other additives that have a positive effect on the properties of the fiber molding.
- the pores in the porous wall of the suction mold are designed in such a way that the water penetrates the pores and the fiber material is deposited on the wall when the pulp is sucked in.
- the wall thickness of the hollow body formed increases.
- a fiber layer forms between the wall of the suction mold and the holder, in which the connection element is embedded.
- the fiber layer of the hollow body and the connecting element are connected in a form-fitting manner.
- the connection element can have a connecting wall with openings which extends approximately parallel to the porous wall.
- the connecting wall for example made of injection-molded thermoplastic, can have a wall thickness of the order of 1 mm and openings with a clear area of, for example, 20 mm2.
- the connecting wall can extend along the opening in a ring shape and have a width (wall thickness) of approximately 5 to 15 mm.
- the fibers deposited on the wall form a layer that breaks through the openings in the connecting wall and in this way embeds the connecting wall.
- the connection element is thus firmly anchored in the fiber layer.
- the hollow body formed is compacted with the connecting element arranged thereon.
- Compaction means that water contained in the fiber molding is mechanically removed from the fiber molding.
- a relative excess pressure can be generated in the internal volume of the hollow body, which presses water out of the wall of the hollow body.
- the relative excess pressure in the suction mold can be generated by applying a negative pressure outside the suction mold parts, which is passed through the porous wall of the mold parts to the inner wall of the mold parts and causes the fibrous material to be deposited on the porous wall.
- Compressing the fiber molding increases its mechanical stability and makes handling of the fiber molding easier.
- an expandable pressing tool described below can also mechanically press the moisture out of the formed fiber layer in the suction form.
- the hollow body with the connecting element can be dried by applying heat.
- the container produced in this way can, for example, be filled with a flowable product, in particular a cream or a drink.
- the opening of the container can then be provided with a closure that is tightly connected to the connecting element.
- connection element can be positioned very precisely and quickly in the suction mold opening using the holder. Furthermore, by forming the fibrous layer of the hollow body around the connection element, a particularly strong connection between the connection element and the hollow body can be achieved. This is because the pulp has a low viscosity and can therefore penetrate even into delicate geometric configurations (e.g. undercuts or openings in a connecting wall) of the connecting element and dry and harden there.
- the holder can be hollow and the pulp can flow through the holder into the cavity of the suction mold. This means that the entire inner cross section of the hollow holder is available for the pulp to flow into the suction mold and enables the suction mold to be filled quickly and completely.
- the hollow body is removed from the split suction mold on the holder.
- the holder simplifies the handling of the hollow body and the transport to further processing steps.
- the hollow body can then be transported on the holder into a transfer mold that is complementary to the hollow body or a split mold.
- the hollow body can be transported on the holder from the suction mold directly into the complementary mold.
- the hollow body can be transported from the suction mold into the complementary transfer mold and from there into the likewise complementary pressing mold. Details of the transfer mold and the compression mold are described below.
- the removal of the hollow body from the suction mold and the transport of the hollow body located on the holder enable precise and rapid positioning of the hollow body in the transfer mold or the compression mold.
- the holder also enables safe, i.e.
- the holder can mechanically support the hollow body. Because when the holder with the hollow body is moved out of the divided suction mold, an area of the hollow body is placed on the holder. Particularly safe removal and transport are possible if the holder supports the hollow body essentially over the entire length, for example if the holder protrudes into the hollow body down to its bottom.
- the suction mold opening is formed in a contact area of at least two suction mold parts, as described above.
- the divided suction mold can be opened before or after the hollow body has been compacted, and the hollow body is removed with the holder from the opened suction mold.
- the removal and transport of the hollow body from the holder is particularly quick and easy if the holder is pivoted about an axis located outside the cavity for transport into the transfer mold or the divided press mold.
- the holder can protrude from the cavity, with one end of the section protruding from the cavity being pivotally mounted about a pivot axis formed transversely to the longitudinal direction of the holder.
- the holder with the hollow body can be pivoted, for example, through 180° from a suction mold part of the split suction mold into a transfer mold or the opened, split mold.
- the transfer mold or the press mold is moved in the longitudinal direction of the holder and the hollow body is pulled off from the holder.
- the hollow body can be compacted in the suction mold and/or in the compression mold. Compressing in the suction mold makes it easier to remove the hollow body, which is very wet without compaction, from the suction mold. However, it is possible that the pores and structures in the wall of the suction mold are imaged in the surface of the hollow body.
- the hollow body can therefore be compacted in a press mold provided specifically for this purpose. For this purpose, the hollow body is transported from the suction mold into the compression mold.
- the split mold is formed from a plurality of mold parts.
- the press mold In the closed state, the press mold has a wall that is essentially complementary to the hollow body and the connecting element. Furthermore, the press mold has a press mold opening which is aligned with the opening of the hollow body arranged in the press mold.
- the wall of the press mold can have either no pores or very small pores compared to the pores in the wall of the suction mold. It can also have decorative structures (grooves or projections) that are embossed into the wall of the container during the pressing process.
- the wall of the press mold can also include a suction channel which is fluidly connected to the interior of the press mold and through which water can be removed. The hollow body can be placed in the opened mold and removed from it after pressing.
- the wall of the mold encloses the hollow body and the internal pressure in the internal volume of the hollow body is increased by a pressing tool so that the hollow body is compacted. Excess water flows out of the hollow body preferably through the suction channel.
- the hollow body can be compacted by expanding an expandable pressing tool inserted into the hollow body when the hollow body is within the mold.
- the hollow body is drained quickly and efficiently, and it receives the desired surface structure both on the inside through the pressing tool and on the outside through the inner surface of the wall of the pressing mold.
- the expandable pressing tool can consist of a bladder or a balloon made of an elastomer or another rubber-elastic material and can be arranged on a second holder, which can be inserted in particular through the press mold opening into the internal volume of the hollow body arranged in the press mold.
- the second holder has a fluid line that is tightly connected to the pressing tool and can be closed, through which a fluid can be pressed into the interior of the pressing tool with excess pressure.
- a fluid can be used as the fluid.
- the second holder is inserted into the inner volume of the hollow body and the pressing tool expands by pressing in the fluid, the pressing tool stretching like a balloon, placing it on the inner surface of the hollow body and pressing it against the wall of the hollow body Press mold presses.
- the isostatic fluid pressure leads to a uniform compression of the wall of the hollow body.
- the first holder can be pulled out through the suction mold opening when the suction mold is closed and the second holder can be inserted into the hollow body through the suction mold opening.
- the compaction then takes place in the same way as compaction in a compression mold.
- the pressing tool can also be arranged on the holder that carries the connection element.
- the hollow body can be dried from the inside using radiant heat and/or a stream of hot air.
- a rod-shaped heating device can be inserted through the opening of the hollow body.
- the heating device can be activated in the hollow body and emit infrared radiation, UV radiation and/or microwave radiation there.
- a hot air stream can emerge through the rod-shaped heating device, which flows along the inner surface of the hollow body and emerges from the opening in the hollow body into the environment.
- Optional coatings can thereby solidify on the inner surface of the hollow body. Details on applying optional coatings are discussed below.
- the connecting element can be injection molded from a thermoplastic and pushed onto the holder in the hardened state.
- Injection-molded connection elements made of thermoplastic can be designed freely geometrically, i.e. with only a few design limitations.
- Such a connection element can, for example, have a grid-shaped jacket section with openings, which forms a connecting wall and is arranged in the area of the opening of the container.
- the connecting wall has openings through which the fiber material of the hollow body penetrates.
- the hollow body can be pre-dried in an oven before compaction.
- the hollow body can be located in a part of the press mold or the transfer mold that is transported through the oven. Or the hollow body can be placed on a conveyor belt that transports it through the oven. Through pre-drying, the water content of the hollow body can be reduced before compaction.
- the oven can in particular be a continuous oven. Due to the reduced residual moisture in the hollow body, greater dimensional stability of the hollow body is achieved in the subsequent compression step.
- the hollow body can additionally be coated on the inner surface with a biodegradable coating solution.
- a pipeline fluidly connected to a supply of a coating solution can be introduced through the opening of the container into the inner volume of the hollow body.
- the coating solution can then be introduced into the internal volume through the pipeline. This can create a coating that is suitable for contact with food or liquids. If coating is carried out after compaction and before final drying, the coating can be particularly resistant.
- Coating the inner surface is particularly easy in practice if the hollow body rotates after filling with the coating solution and its inner surface is thereby wetted.
- a reservoir of the coating solution can be formed in the hollow body, with excess coating solution being poured out after the inner surface has been wetted.
- the rotation can be carried out by means of a rotation device, by means of which the hollow body is rotated about the axis of the opening of the container.
- This device is used in particular to implement the method described above.
- FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional partial view of a device according to the invention with a plurality of suction molds and holders.
- FIG. 1 shows another three-dimensional partial view of the device with connection elements located on the holders.
- FIG. 1 shows another three-dimensional partial view of the device and 2 with holders arranged in the suction molds.
- FIG. 1 shows another three-dimensional partial view of the device with the suction molds in a pulp basin.
- FIG. 1 shows another three-dimensional partial view of the device with hollow bodies and transfer molds on the suction molds.
- FIG. 1 shows another three-dimensional partial view of the device with the transfer molds and the hollow bodies in a continuous oven.
- FIG. 1 shows another three-dimensional partial view of the device , in which the hollow bodies are in compression molds.
- FIG. 1 shows an isolated three-dimensional view of a hollow body in a press mold with a press tool.
- FIG. 1 shows an isolated three-dimensional view of a hollow body in a press mold with an expanded press tool.
- FIG. 1 shows another three-dimensional partial view of the device with injectors for coating the hollow bodies.
- FIG. 1 shows another three-dimensional partial view of the device with a drying device for the hollow bodies.
- Figures 1 to 9 show the sequence of the method according to the invention and a device for carrying out the method.
- the figures show a device with which ten containers can be produced at the same time.
- a method and device according to the invention are not limited to the simultaneous production of ten containers. Rather, the number of containers produced at the same time can be adapted to the requirements.
- the following describes the production using the example of a single container, which takes place simultaneously in the molds.
- Figures 1 to 11 the same components are provided with the same reference numbers.
- a split suction mold 4 with a porous wall 5 is first provided.
- the suction mold 4 is rotationally symmetrical and divided into two suction mold parts 4a, 4b along its central longitudinal plane.
- the suction mold parts 4a, 4b are pivotally connected to one another at a first end about a pivot axis and can be opened along the pivot axis.
- the suction mold parts 4a, 4b with their inner wall 5 enclose a cavity 6, which is connected to the environment by means of a suction mold opening 7 in the suction mold 4.
- the wall 5 has pores (not shown) which fluidly connect the inner wall 5 of the cavity 6 to a suction device (not shown).
- a suction device not shown
- the pores are guided to first suction channels 9, through which the pores and the cavity 6 are fluidly connected to a suction device.
- the suction channels 9 are formed by steel pipes, which are attached to the suction mold part 4a and carry the suction mold 4.
- the suction mold opening 7 is located at an end of the suction mold 4 opposite the first end in a contact area of the two suction mold parts 4a, 4b. Thus, when the suction mold 4 is opened, the suction mold opening 7 is also opened.
- a first holder 8 is arranged in an area in front of the suction mold opening 7.
- the first holder 8 has two sections 8a, 8b.
- the first section 8a is hollow cylindrical and the second section 8b, which protrudes from the first section 8a, is designed as a curved perforated plate and extends over part of the circumference of the first section 8a.
- the second section 8b is connected in one piece or at least seamlessly to the first section 8a and both sections 8a, 8b have the same curvature.
- the first holder 8 is therefore an elongated body, which is arranged pivotably in a receptacle for the shaft 10 attached to the suction mold 4 by means of a shaft 10 oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction of the first holder 8.
- the first holder 8 can be moved from the to the and 2 shown position outside the suction mold 4 in the position of be pivoted, in which it extends through the suction mold opening 7 into the interior of the suction mold 4. It then protrudes through almost the entire cavity 6 of the suction mold 4.
- the first holder 8 is in the vertical orientation in front of the suction mold opening 7 and below a feed device 11 for feeding an annular connection element 3 to the first holder 8.
- the feed device 11 can, for example, have a tube that is open at at least one end and in which one or more connection elements 3 are accommodated.
- the connection element 3 is formed from an injection-molded and biodegradable thermoplastic in the form of a hardened ring. As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the tube with the tube opening can be moved over the free end of the second section 8b of the first holder 8 and thereby push a connecting element 3 onto the first holder 8 up to the first section 8a.
- the cross-sectional shape of the tube, the first section 8b of the first holder 8 and the suction mold opening 7 are complementary to one another and can deviate from the circular shape shown in the drawings. They depend in particular on the shape of the opening of the container to be manufactured.
- connection element 3 is arranged on the first section 8a of the first holder 8
- the tube of the feed device 11 is removed from the first holder 8 and the holder 8 is pivoted about the pivot axis of the shaft 10 into the cavity 6 and the suction mold opening 7, as is shown in Figure 3.
- the suction mold 4 is then closed by folding the suction mold parts 4a, 4b together.
- the first holder 8 protrudes through the suction mold opening 7 and holds the connection element 3 in the suction mold opening 7 with the first section 8a in such a way that a gap is formed between the connection element 3 and the suction mold opening 7.
- the closed suction mold 4 with the first holder 8 located therein is immersed in a basin 14 filled with pulp 13.
- the suction mold 4 is attached to a hollow rotating shaft 15 via the suction channels 9.
- the interior of the hollow rotating shaft 15 is connected to the suction device, which generates a negative pressure and sucks out water. This negative pressure is directed through the tubular suction channels 9 made of stainless steel to the wall 5 of the suction mold 4. All suction forms 4 connected to the rotary shaft 15 via the suction channels 9 are moved through the pulp basin 14 when the rotary shaft 15 rotates.
- the pulp 13 is sucked through the hollow cylindrical first section 8a of the holder 8 into the suction mold 4. As the water from the pulp 13 passes through the pores, the fiber material from the pulp 13 is deposited on the pores and forms a layer along the entire wall 5 of the cavity 6 of the suction mold 4. In this way, a Hollow body 1 formed from deposited fibers.
- the suction mold 4 When a sufficient amount of fiber is deposited on the wall 5 of the suction mold 4, the suction mold 4 is removed from the pulp basin 14, brought into a removal position and opened, as shown in Figure 5.
- the formed hollow body 1 is removed from the opened suction mold 4 on the first holder 8 and transferred into a transfer mold 17 that is complementary to the hollow body 1.
- the transfer mold 17 has a shape that is essentially identical to the suction mold part 4b.
- the transfer mold 17 also has a recess that is complementary to the first holder 8.
- the transfer mold 17 is positioned mirror-symmetrically to the suction mold part 4b in front of the suction mold opening 7.
- the first holder 8 is then pivoted about the pivot axis of the shaft 10 so that the hollow body 1 and the connecting element 3 come to rest in the transfer mold 17. In the example shown in Figure 5, the pivot angle is approximately 180°.
- the hollow body 1 rests on the holder 8 and in particular on its second section 8b.
- the wet and less dimensionally stable hollow body 1 can thereby be mechanically stabilized so that it only deforms slightly despite its low dimensional stability.
- the first holder 8 is partially arranged with the fiber molded body in the transfer mold 17 and partially outside the transfer mold 17. It protrudes through the recess in transfer form 17.
- the transfer form 17 is moved with a conveyor device 18 along the longitudinal axis of the first holder 8, as shown in Figure 6.
- the conveyor device 18 is designed as a conveyor belt.
- the hollow body 1 and the connecting element 3 are removed from the first holder 8.
- the design of the second section 8b as a curved perforated plate enables a good supporting effect.
- the holder 8 can also have a lattice-shaped structure away from the first section 8a, as long as it is ensured that it supports the hollow body 1.
- the conveyor belt 18 is part of a continuous furnace 19 known from the prior art, through which the hollow body 1 and the connecting element 3 are moved in the transfer mold 17.
- the heat generated by the continuous furnace 19 causes a reduction in the water content of the hollow body 1 through evaporation. While the hollow body 1 is dried in the continuous oven 19, the rotary shaft 15 with the suction mold 4 and the first holder 8 attached to it is rotated further and fed again to the start of the process in order to produce another fiber shaped body.
- the hollow body 1 and the connecting element After the hollow body 1 and the connecting element have passed through the continuous furnace 19, they are transferred to a divided and opened press mold 20, in which the hollow body 1 with the connecting element 3 arranged thereon is further compacted.
- the hollow body 1 and the connecting element 3 are shown arranged in the opened mold 20.
- the transfer of the hollow body 1 and the connecting element 3 from the transfer mold 17 into the press mold 20 can be done with a transfer device 21, which can suck or grip the hollow body 1 and between the transfer mold 17 after passing through the continuous furnace 19 and the position in which the Press mold 20 receives the hollow body 1, can be moved.
- the mold 20 may have two or more mold parts 20a, 20b.
- a wall of the molded parts 20a, 20b encloses a second cavity, which is essentially complementary to the hollow body 1.
- Smaller pores are introduced into the wall of the press mold 20 than in the suction mold 4, so that the compaction of the hollow body 1 in the press mold 20 leads to a smooth surface of the hollow body 1.
- the pores in the wall of the mold are fluidly connected to one another and to a second suction device (not shown) through second suction channels 22.
- the mold 20 also has a mold opening in a contact area of the mold parts 20a, 20b, which is designed to be complementary to the connecting element 3 on the hollow body 1.
- the connecting element 3 arranged on the hollow body 1 comes to rest in the mold opening, so that the opening 2 of the hollow body 1 is aligned with the mold opening.
- the mold 20 is closed. Subsequently, a second holder 23 with a pressing tool 24 arranged thereon is inserted through the opening 2 in the connecting element 3 into the internal volume of the hollow body 1, as shown in Figure 8.
- the second holder 23 has a fluid line that is tightly connected to the pressing tool 24.
- the pressing tool 24 is formed from a stretchable elastomer and is tightly connected to the second holder 23 and the fluid line.
- the pressing tool 24 therefore forms an inflatable balloon within the pressing mold 20.
- the fluid line leads a fluid with excess pressure into the pressing tool 24.
- the fluid line can be connected to a compressed air connection if the fluid supplied is air.
- a liquid can be fed into the pressing tool 24 from a compressor or a pump. With a liquid, a higher pressure can be built up within the pressing mold 20 by the pressing tool 24.
- Figure 9 shows the pressing tool 24 in the expanded form.
- the hollow body 1 Due to the isostatic pressure of the fluid in the pressing tool 24 and the elasticity of the pressing tool 24, the hollow body 1 is pressed evenly against the wall of the pressing mold 20 and is thereby compacted, dewatered and solidified. This also solidifies the connection between the wall of the hollow body 1 and the connecting element 3. At the same time, the surface of the wall is impressed on the hollow body 1.
- the water emerging from the hollow body 1 during compression is sucked out via the pores in the wall of the press mold 20 and the second suction channels 22.
- the fluid is drained from the pressing tool 24 so that the elastic pressing tool 24 contracts and assumes its original shape shown in FIG.
- the pressing tool 24 can then be removed together with the second holder 23 from the opening 2 in the hollow body 1 and the pressing mold 20 is opened.
- the hollow body 1 and the connecting element 3 are then removed from the mold 20 by means of the aforementioned transfer device 21 and transferred to a coating station shown in FIG.
- the coating solution can in particular be biodegradable and/or food-compatible.
- the injector 25 the hollow body 1 is filled with a predetermined amount of the coating solution.
- the hollow body 1 is aligned so that the coating solution cannot flow out of the internal volume again.
- the hollow body 1 When the hollow body 1 is filled with the predetermined amount of the coating solution, the hollow body is rotated using a rotation device 26 about an axis coaxial with the opening 2.
- the rotation device 26 is designed as an inclined plane along which the hollow body 1 rolls. If the hollow body 1 is not itself designed to be rotationally symmetrical, it can be inserted into a hollow cylinder which can roll along the inclined plane. By rotating, the entire inner surface of the hollow body 1 is wetted with the coating solution. Excess coating solution is then poured off. For this purpose, the hollow body 1 can be picked up with the transfer device 21 and aligned with the opening 2 downwards.
- the hollow body 1 can also be gripped by a gripping device in a horizontal orientation of its longitudinal axis and the gripping device can be rotated.
- the coated hollow body 1 is transferred from the transfer device 21 to a drying station shown in Figure 11.
- the drying station has a rod-shaped heating device 27 onto which the hollow body 1 is pushed through the opening 2. Infrared radiation is activated in the hollow body 1, which hardens the coating solution and completely dries the hollow body 1.
- the heating device 27 is therefore designed as a radiant heat source.
- the process is completed when the hollow body 1 has completely dried and is transferred from the drying station to a warehouse.
- connection element suction form 4a, 4b Suction molded parts 5 wall of the suction mold 6 cavity 7 first mold opening 8 first holder 9 first suction channels 10 wave 11 feeding device 13 pulp 14 pools 15 rotating shaft 17 transfer form 18 conveyor device, conveyor belt 19 continuous oven 20 press mold 20a, 20b press molded parts 21 transfer device 22 second suction channels 23 second holder 24 pressing tool 25 injector 26 rotation device, inclined plane 27 radiant heat source, rod-shaped heating device
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Abstract
Description
- Bereitstellen einer geteilten Saugform mit einer porösen Wandung, welche in geschlossenem Zustand mindestens einen Hohlraum mit einer Saugformöffnung umschließt;
- Anordnen des Anschlusselements an einem Halter und Einbringen des Halters in den Hohlraum der Saugform derart, dass der Halter die Saugformöffnung durchragt und das Anschlusselement in der Saugformöffnung hält;
- Schließen der geteilten Saugform und Ansaugen von Fasermaterial aus einer Pulpe durch die Wandung der Saugform, so dass ein Hohlkörper aus Faserstoff zwischen dem Halter und der Wandung gebildet wird;
- Verdichten des gebildeten Hohlkörpers mit daran angeordnetem Anschlusselement; und
- Trocknen des Hohlkörpers.
- ein Becken für eine Pulpe;
- - eine geteilte Saugform mit mindestens einem Hohlraum und einer den Hohlraum umgebenden porösen Wandung;
- einen in die geteilte Saugform bewegbaren ersten Halter;
- eine Saugvorrichtung und
- eine Zuführvorrichtung für ein ringförmiges Anschlusselement zum ersten Halter.
- eine Transferform;
- einen Ofen;
- eine Transfervorrichtung;
- eine geteilte Pressform;
- einen in die geteilte Pressform einbringbaren zweiten Halter mit einem expandierbaren Presswerkzeug;
- einen Injektor für eine Beschichtungslösung;
- eine Rotationsvorrichtung;
- eine Strahlungswärmequelle.
2 Öffnung
3 Anschlusselement
4 Saugform
4a, 4b Saugformteile
5 Wandung der Saugform
6 Hohlraum
7 erste Formöffnung
8 erster Halter
9 erste Absaugkanäle
10 Welle
11 Zuführvorrichtung
13 Pulpe
14 Becken
15 Drehwelle
17 Transferform
18 Fördereinrichtung, Förderband
19 Durchlaufofen
20 Pressform
20a, 20b Pressformteile
21 Transfervorrichtung
22 zweite Absaugkanäle
23 zweiter Halter
24 Presswerkzeug
25 Injektor
26 Rotationsvorrichtung, schräge Ebene
27 Strahlungswärmequelle, stabförmige Heizvorrichtung
Claims (13)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Behältnisses mit einem eine Öffnung (2) aufweisenden Hohlkörper (1) aus Faserstoff und einem an dem Hohlkörper angeordneten und die Öffnung (2) umgebenden Anschlusselement (3), wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Verfahrensschritte umfasst:
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlkörper (1) an dem Halter (8) aus der geteilten Saugform (4) entnommen wird.- Bereitstellen einer geteilten Saugform (4) mit einer porösen Wandung (5), welche in geschlossenem Zustand mindestens einen Hohlraum (6) mit einer Formöffnung (7) umschließt;
- Anordnen des Anschlusselements (3) an einem Halter (8) und Einbringen des Halters (8) in den Hohlraum (6) der Saugform (4) derart, dass der Halter (8) die Formöffnung (7) durchragt und das Anschlusselement (3) in der Formöffnung (7) hält;
- Schließen der geteilten Saugform (4) und Ansaugen von Fasermaterial aus einer Pulpe (13) durch die Wandung (5) der Saugform (4), so dass der Hohlkörper (1) zwischen dem Halter (8) und der Wandung (5) gebildet wird;
- Verdichten des gebildeten Hohlkörpers (1) mit daran angeordnetem Anschlusselement (3); und
- Trocknen des Hohlkörpers (1);
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Halter (8) hohl ist und die Pulpe (13) durch den Halter (8) in den Hohlraum (6) der Saugform (4) einströmt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlkörper (1) an dem Halter (8) in eine zu dem Hohlkörper (1) komplementäre Transferform (17) oder eine geteilte Pressform (20) transportiert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Halter (8) für die Entnahme des Hohlkörpers (1) aus der geteilten Saugform (4) um einen aus dem Hohlraum (6) hinausragenden Abschnitt des Halters (8) verschwenkt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlkörper (1) in der Saugform (4) und/oder der Pressform (20) verdichtet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlkörper (1) durch Expandieren eines in den Hohlkörper (1) eingeführten expandierbaren Presswerkzeugs (24) verdichtet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlkörper (1) mittels Strahlungswärme und/oder eines Heißluftstroms von innen getrocknet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Anschlusselement (3) spritzgegossen, ausgehärtet und auf den Halter (8) aufgeschoben wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlkörper (1) vor dem Verdichten in einem Ofen (19) vorgetrocknet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlkörper (1) auf der Innenoberfläche mit einer biologisch abbaubaren Beschichtungslösung beschichtet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Beschichten der Innenoberfläche durch Einfüllen der Beschichtungslösung in den Hohlkörper (1), Benetzen der Innenoberfläche durch Rotieren des Hohlkörpers (1) und Ausgießen von überschüssiger Beschichtungslösung erfolgt.
- Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Behältnisses gemäß einem Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, umfassend
- ein Becken (14) für eine Pulpe (13);
- eine geteilte Saugform (4) mit mindestens einem Hohlraum (6) und einer den Hohlraum (6) umgebenden, porösen Wandung (5);
- einen in die geteilte Saugform (4) bewegbaren ersten Halter (8);
- eine Saugvorrichtung und
- eine Zuführvorrichtung (11) für ein ringförmiges Anschlusselement (3) zum ersten Halter (8).
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mindestens eines der folgenden Merkmale umfasst:
- eine Transferform (17);
- einen Ofen (19);
- eine Transfervorrichtung (21);
- eine geteilte Pressform (20);
- einen in die geteilte Pressform (20) einbringbaren zweiten Halter (23) mit einem expandierbaren Presswerkzeug (24);
- einen Kompressor;
- einen Injektor (25) für eine Beschichtungslösung;
- eine Rotationsvorrichtung (26);
- eine Strahlungswärmequelle (27).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/841,995 US20250171964A1 (en) | 2022-03-07 | 2023-03-01 | Method and device for the production of a biodegradable hollow body with a connection element |
| EP23708764.8A EP4490057B1 (de) | 2022-03-07 | 2023-03-01 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines biologisch abbaubaren hohlkörpers mit einem anschlusselement |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022105316.4A DE102022105316B4 (de) | 2022-03-07 | 2022-03-07 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines biologisch abbaubaren Hohlkörpers mit einem Anschlusselement |
| DE102022105316.4 | 2022-03-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023169902A1 true WO2023169902A1 (de) | 2023-09-14 |
Family
ID=85476048
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/055183 Ceased WO2023169902A1 (de) | 2022-03-07 | 2023-03-01 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines biologisch abbaubaren hohlkörpers mit einem anschlusselement |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250171964A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4490057B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022105316B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023169902A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11938669B2 (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2024-03-26 | Ring Container Technologies, Llc | Container and method |
| DE102024123113A1 (de) * | 2024-08-13 | 2026-02-19 | Krones Aktiengesellschaft | Herstellung und Handhabung eines Behälters aus faserbasiertem Material |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001303500A (ja) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-10-31 | Kao Corp | 成形品 |
| EP1221413A1 (de) | 1999-10-15 | 2002-07-10 | Kao Corporation | Behälter mit formteil aus faserpulpe |
| WO2003010386A1 (fr) | 2001-07-24 | 2003-02-06 | Kao Corporation | Procede et dispositif de production d'articles moules en fibres |
| GB2392408A (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-03 | Verna Ltd | Improvements in or relating to moulding |
| EP1081285B1 (de) | 1998-02-23 | 2008-06-04 | Kao Corporation | Verfahren zum fertigen von gegenständen aus papiermasse |
| US20100084361A1 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-08 | Dayton Douglas C | Biodegradable container for liquid and/or semi-solid products |
-
2022
- 2022-03-07 DE DE102022105316.4A patent/DE102022105316B4/de active Active
-
2023
- 2023-03-01 WO PCT/EP2023/055183 patent/WO2023169902A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-03-01 EP EP23708764.8A patent/EP4490057B1/de active Active
- 2023-03-01 US US18/841,995 patent/US20250171964A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1081285B1 (de) | 1998-02-23 | 2008-06-04 | Kao Corporation | Verfahren zum fertigen von gegenständen aus papiermasse |
| EP1221413A1 (de) | 1999-10-15 | 2002-07-10 | Kao Corporation | Behälter mit formteil aus faserpulpe |
| JP2001303500A (ja) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-10-31 | Kao Corp | 成形品 |
| WO2003010386A1 (fr) | 2001-07-24 | 2003-02-06 | Kao Corporation | Procede et dispositif de production d'articles moules en fibres |
| GB2392408A (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-03 | Verna Ltd | Improvements in or relating to moulding |
| US20100084361A1 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2010-04-08 | Dayton Douglas C | Biodegradable container for liquid and/or semi-solid products |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102022105316B4 (de) | 2024-06-06 |
| EP4490057B1 (de) | 2025-12-03 |
| EP4490057C0 (de) | 2025-12-03 |
| EP4490057A1 (de) | 2025-01-15 |
| DE102022105316A1 (de) | 2023-09-07 |
| US20250171964A1 (en) | 2025-05-29 |
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