WO2023241978A1 - Procede de recyclage de plastiques usages a base de polyethylene utilisant un solvant hydrocarbone leger - Google Patents
Procede de recyclage de plastiques usages a base de polyethylene utilisant un solvant hydrocarbone leger Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023241978A1 WO2023241978A1 PCT/EP2023/065000 EP2023065000W WO2023241978A1 WO 2023241978 A1 WO2023241978 A1 WO 2023241978A1 EP 2023065000 W EP2023065000 W EP 2023065000W WO 2023241978 A1 WO2023241978 A1 WO 2023241978A1
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- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- dissolution
- polymer solution
- pressure
- mpa
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
- C08J11/08—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions using selective solvents for polymer components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0293—Dissolving the materials in gases or liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for recycling used plastics, mainly comprising polyethylene (or PE) in order to obtain a stream of purified polyethylene which can be used for example in the manufacture of new plastic objects. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for purifying a plastic filler, in particular from plastic waste, comprising polymers and in particular polyethylene, said process comprising the dissolution of the polymers in a light hydrocarbon solvent, in particular based on alkane(s), having a boiling point between -15°C and 100°C, at least one step of purification of the polymer solution obtained, in order to eliminate at least in part the impurities, in particular the additives conventionally used in plastic-based materials, and an optimized step of separating the purified polyethylene and the solvent, so as to be able to reuse the recovered purified polyethylene and thus recover the plastic load.
- a plastic filler in particular from plastic waste, comprising polymers and in particular polyethylene
- said process comprising the dissolution of the polymers in a light hydrocarbon solvent,
- Plastics from collection and sorting channels can be recycled according to different channels.
- mechanical recycling makes it possible to partially reuse certain waste either directly in new objects or by mixing mechanically sorted plastic waste streams with virgin polymer streams. This type of recovery is limited since mechanical sorting makes it possible to improve the purity of a flow of a given type of polymer, but generally it does not make it possible to sufficiently eliminate the impurities which are at least partly trapped in the polymer matrix.
- additives such as fillers (or “fillers” according to Anglo-Saxon terminology), dyes, pigments, and metals.
- So-called chemical recycling aims to reform at least partly monomers according to a generally complex sequence of steps.
- plastic waste can undergo a pyrolysis step and the pyrolysis oil recovered, generally after purification, can be converted at least in part, for example, into olefins by steam cracking. These olefins can then be polymerized.
- This type of sequence can be adapted for poorly sorted loads or refusals from sorting centers, but it generally requires significant energy consumption due in particular to high temperature treatments.
- Another way of recycling plastic waste consists of putting plastics, in particular thermoplastics, into solution, at least in part, with a view to purifying them by eliminating polymers from the load other than those targeted and/or impurities. , for example additives such as fillers or fillers according to Anglo-Saxon terminology, dyes, pigments, and metals.
- Document US 2017/0021 10 describes a particular method for purifying a polymer filler in particular from plastic waste, by dissolving the polymer in a solvent, under particular conditions of temperature and pressure, then contacting the polymer solution obtained with a solid.
- Document WO 2018/114047 proposes a method for dissolving a plastic in a solvent at a dissolution temperature close to the boiling temperature of the solvent.
- the process of document WO 2018/114047 does not make it possible to effectively treat impurities other than polymers.
- Document US 2018/0208736 proposes a treatment process by liquefaction of thermoplastics in a solvent then separation of insolubles and/or gases. The process of document US 2018/0208736 does not make it possible to effectively treat impurities soluble in the solvent.
- the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks and contribute to the recycling of plastics. More particularly, it aims to propose an effective, simple and economically viable process for treating a plastic filler based on polyethylene, in particular from plastic waste, in order to eliminate at least in part the impurities it contains, in particular at least in part the additives which it contains and which are conventionally added to plastic materials, so as to be able to recover said plastic filler and more particularly plastic waste.
- the present invention in fact seeks to effectively separate impurities from polymers, and in particular from polyethylene, which used plastic materials comprise, and to recover the purified polyethylene, to be able to use it for example as a polymer base in the manufacture of new objects. plastics, particularly instead of virgin resin.
- the invention relates to a process for purifying a plastic filler which comprises polyethylene, said method comprising: a) a dissolution step comprising bringing the plastic filler into contact with a dissolution solvent comprising at least one hydrocarbon compound having a boiling temperature between -15°C and 100°C, at a dissolution temperature between 120°C and 220°C, and a dissolution pressure between 1.0 and 25.0 MPa absolute, to obtain at least a crude polymer solution; b) a step of purifying the raw polymer solution to obtain a purified polymer solution, comprising: b1) a sub-step of separating the insolubles; and/or b2) a washing sub-step, by contact with a dense solution; and/or b3) an extraction sub-step, by contact with an extraction solvent; and/or b4) a sub-step of adsorption of impurities by contact with an adsorbent; then c) a solvent-polymer separation step, using at least one supercritical separation section operated at
- the advantage of the process of the invention is to provide a process for effective treatment of a plastic filler based on polyethylene, and in particular plastic waste based on polyethylene in particular from collection and sorting sectors, so as to recover the polyethylene it contains to be able to recycle it for all types of applications.
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a flow of purified polyethylene advantageously comprising contents of impurities, in particular of additives, and of solvent, in particular of dissolution solvent, which are negligible or at least sufficiently low so that the flow purified polyethylene can be introduced into all types of plastic formulations in place of virgin polyethylene resin.
- the stream of purified polyethylene obtained at the end of the process according to the invention advantageously comprises less than 5% by weight of impurities, very advantageously less than 1% by weight of impurities and very advantageously less than 5% by weight of solvent (in particular dissolution solvent), preferably less than 1% by weight of solvent, preferably less than 0.1% by weight of solvent.
- solvent in particular dissolution solvent
- the process according to the invention thus provides a simple diagram corresponding to a sequence of operations, which makes it possible to rid plastic waste based on polyethylene of at least part of their impurities, in particular of at least part of the additives, and to recover purified polyethylene, advantageously comprising little or no solvent, so as to be able to recover plastic waste by recycling the purified polyethylene.
- the additives present in the plastic filler can be soluble or insoluble in the solvent used throughout the process according to the invention, allowing effective purification and separation of the polymers.
- the process according to the invention proposes a sequence of operations implemented under operating conditions, in particular optimal temperatures and pressure, to effectively separate impurities and solvents from polyethylene, but reasonable, thus limiting consumption. energy of the process and, therefore, making said process economically interesting.
- the invention also has the advantage of participating in the recycling of plastics and the preservation of fossil resources, by allowing the recovery of plastic waste. It allows, in fact, the purification of plastic waste with a view to obtaining purified polyethylene fractions, with a reduced content of impurities, in particular decolorized and deodorized polyethylene fractions, which can be reused to form new plastic objects.
- the purified polyethylene fractions obtained can thus be used directly in formulations mixed with additives, for example dyes, pigments, other polymers, instead of or mixed with virgin resins, with a view to obtaining plastic products with useful, aesthetic, mechanical or rheological properties facilitating their reuse and recovery.
- the present invention also makes it possible to separate effectively, and advantageously at lower cost, the polyethylene from the solvent used (in particular the dissolution solvent), while limiting the thermal degradation of the polyethylene.
- the solvent used to treat the plastic filler, in particular the dissolution solvent is recovered at least in part, and can be recycled to one of the stages of the process, which makes it possible to avoid excessive consumption of solvent, hence the ecological and economic interest of the process.
- the present invention aims to purify a plastic filler, in particular plastic waste, to obtain purified polyethylene, so as to be able to use it in any application, particularly as a replacement for virgin resins.
- the present invention aims to propose a process comprising a dissolution step followed by at least one purification step then an optimized solvent/polymer separation, to obtain a stream of purified polyethylene.
- the expressions "between ... and " and “between .... and " are equivalent and mean that the limit values of the interval are included in the range of values described . If this is not the case and the limit values are not included in the range described, such precision will be provided by the present invention.
- the different parameter ranges for a given step such as pressure ranges and temperature ranges can be used. alone or in combination.
- a range of preferred pressure values can be combined with a range of more preferred temperature values.
- the pressures are absolute pressures and are given in absolute MPa (or abs. MPa).
- upstream and downstream are to be understood according to the general flow of the fluid(s) or flows in question in the process.
- additives is a term conventionally used in the field of polymers and in particular in the field of polymer formulations.
- the additives introduced into the polymer formulations can be, for example, plasticizers, fillers or “fillers” according to the established Anglo-Saxon terminology (which are organic or mineral solid compounds, making it possible to modify the physical, thermal, mechanical and/or electrical polymer materials or to lower their cost price), reinforcing agents, dyes, pigments, hardeners, flame retardants, combustion retardants, stabilizing agents, antioxidants, UV absorbers, antistatic agents, etc.
- the additives correspond to at least part of the impurities of the plastic filler to be treated and which the process according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate at least in part.
- Other types of impurities may be use impurities, such as for example metal impurities, paper/cardboard, biomass, polymers other than the targeted polyethylene (such as polypropylene), etc.
- the impurities which the process according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate at least in part, include the additives conventionally used in polymer formulations and generally usage impurities resulting from the life cycle of materials and objects.
- plastics, and/or from the waste collection and sorting circuit can be metallic, organic or mineral impurities; it may be packaging residues, food residues or compostable residues (biomass).
- use impurities may also include glass, wood, cardboard, paper, aluminum, iron, metals, tires, rubber, silicones, rigid polymers, thermoplastic polymers other than polyethylene, thermosetting polymers, household, chemical or cosmetic products, used oils, water.
- a polymer solution is a solution comprising the dissolution solvent and at least the targeted polyethylene, dissolved (that is to say in particular solvated and dispersed) in said dissolution solvent, the dissolved polyethylene being initially present in the load.
- the polymer solution may further comprise soluble (and solubilized in the dissolution solvent) and/or insoluble (and suspended in the polymer solution) impurities.
- said polymer solution can therefore comprise impurities in the form of insoluble particles which are advantageously suspended in said polymer solution, soluble impurities dissolved in the dissolution solvent, and/or possibly a other liquid phase immiscible with said polymer solution.
- the critical temperature and critical pressure of a solvent are specific to that solvent and depend on the chemical nature of the solvent considered.
- the critical temperature and the critical pressure of a pure body are respectively the temperature and the pressure of the critical point of said pure body.
- the pure body considered is in supercritical form or in the supercritical state; it can then be called supercritical fluid.
- the invention relates to a process for purifying a plastic filler, preferably composed of plastic waste, and comprising polyethylene, said method comprising, preferably consisting of: a) a dissolution step comprising bringing the plastic filler into contact with a dissolving solvent comprising at least one advantageously aliphatic and preferably paraffinic hydrocarbon compound, having a boiling temperature of between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, preferably between 25 and 61°C and very preferably between 25 and 40°C, at a dissolution temperature of between 120°C and 220°C, preferably between 130 and 200°C, preferably between 150°C and 200°C, and a dissolution pressure of between 1.0 and 25.0 MPa abs., preferably between 1.0 and 20.0 MPa abs., preferably between 5.0 and 18.0 MPa abs., preferably between 10.0 and 17.0 MPa abs., to obtain at least one crude polymer solution; then b) a
- At least one solvent recovery section in particular operated at a temperature between 160 and 300°C and a pressure between Psupercritical and 0.000005 MPa (i.e. 5 Pa), preferably between 2.7 MPa and 0.000005 MPa, and in particular between 1.0 MPa and 0.000005 MPa, to obtain at least one fraction of purified polyethylene and advantageously a fraction of solvent.
- Psupercritical and 0.000005 MPa i.e. 5 Pa
- preferably between 2.7 MPa and 0.000005 MPa preferably between 1.0 MPa and 0.000005 MPa
- plastic filler comprises plastics which themselves comprise more particularly polyethylene.
- the plastic filler comprises between 50 and 100% by weight, preferably between 70% and 100% by weight of plastics.
- plastics included in the charge of the process according to the invention are based on polyethylene and are generally production scraps and/or waste from plastic objects at the end of their life, in particular household plastic waste, plastic waste from construction. , plastic waste from automobiles or all types of transport or even waste from electrical and electronic equipment.
- plastic waste comes from collection and sorting channels.
- plastics or plastic materials include polymers which are mixed with additives, in order to constitute, after shaping, various materials and objects (injection molded parts, tubes, films, fibers, fabrics, putties, coatings, etc. .).
- Additives used in plastics can be organic compounds or inorganic compounds. These include, for example, fillers, dyes, pigments, plasticizers, property modifiers, combustion retardants, etc.
- the filler of the process according to the invention comprises at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 85% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, of polyethylene relative to the total weight of the plastic filler.
- the process according to the invention therefore particularly aims to purify and recover the polyethylene contained in the load in order to be able to reuse it in different applications.
- the plastic filler may also include impurities, such as for example polymers, in particular thermoplastics, other than polyethylene, additives advantageously used to formulate the plastic material and also generally use impurities resulting from the life cycle of the materials. and plastic objects, and/or from the waste collection and sorting circuit.
- the plastic filler of the process according to the invention can comprise up to 20% by weight of impurities, preferably up to 15% by weight of impurities, preferably up to 10% by weight of impurities.
- the plastic filler may include, for example, at least 5% by weight of impurities.
- the plastic filler can advantageously be pretreated upstream of the process so as to at least eliminate all or part of the so-called coarse impurities, that is to say impurities in the form of particles of size greater than or equal to 10 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 10 mm. equal to 5 mm, or even greater than or equal to 1 mm, for example impurities such as wood, paper, biomass, iron, aluminum, glass, etc., and to shape it generally in the form of divided solids (or particles) so as to facilitate processing in the process.
- This pretreatment may include a grinding step, a washing step at atmospheric pressure and/or a drying step.
- This pretreatment can be carried out on a different site, for example in a waste collection and sorting center, or on the same site where the treatment process according to the invention is implemented.
- this pretreatment makes it possible to reduce the impurity content to less than 20% by weight, preferably less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight, the percentages being given relatively to the weight of the filler.
- plastic treated by the process according to the invention is generally stored in the form of divided solids, for example in the form of ground material or powder, so as to facilitate handling and transport to the process.
- the process comprises a dissolution step a) in which the plastic filler is brought into contact with a dissolution solvent, to obtain at least one, preferably one, raw polymer solution.
- This step advantageously allows the dissolution of at least part, preferably all, of the polyethylene of the plastic filler.
- the pressure and temperature conditions make it possible to maintain the dissolution solvent, at least in part and preferably in full, in the liquid state, so as to optimize the dissolution of the targeted polyethylene.
- the nature of the dissolution solvent advantageously allows the use of operating conditions, in particular conditions of temperature and pressure, in particular pressure, reasonable to ensure, on the one hand in step a) of dissolution but also advantageously in step b) of purification, maintaining the dissolution solvent in the liquid phase, at least in part, preferably entirely, thus allowing optimal dissolution of the targeted polyethylene and advantageously effective purification of the polymer solution, and, on the other hand, in the step c) solvent-polymer separation, the transition to the supercritical state of at least a part of said dissolution solvent, to allow demixing and therefore the separation of at least a part of said dissolution solvent, and possibly evaporation of the residual dissolution solvent, at least in part, which thus makes it possible to achieve a very low solvent content in the purified and recovered polyethylene at the end of the process (advantageously a content of less than 5% by weight of solvent, preferably less than 1% by weight of solvent, preferably less than 0.1% by weight of solvent relative to the total weight of the purified polyethylene
- a solvent composed of very light alkanes with a boiling point lower than -15°C such as for example propane, which could be interesting in particular for its relatively mild critical conditions (temperature and pressure), would require the use of high pressure to keep the dissolution solvent at least partly, preferably entirely, in liquid form throughout the duration of steps a) dissolution and b) purification which would result in significant costs, particularly investment costs .
- a heavy solvent such as alkanes having a boiling point greater than 100°C, would require very severe operating conditions in step c) to reach the critical conditions of said heavy solvent and to be able to obtain said solvent at least partly in the supercritical state.
- the dissolution solvent comprises, preferably consists of, at least one advantageously aliphatic and preferably paraffinic (that is to say saturated) hydrocarbon compound, preferably at least one alkane, having a boiling temperature between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, preferably between 25 and 61°C and very preferably between 25 and 40°C.
- the dissolution solvent comprises predominantly, preferably at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, preferably 98% by weight of an advantageously aliphatic, preferably paraffinic (or alkane) hydrocarbon compound (100% being the maximum, the percentages being expressed relative to the total weight of the dissolution solvent) having a boiling temperature of between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, of preferably between 25 and 61°C and very preferably between 25 and 40°C.
- an advantageously aliphatic, preferably paraffinic (or alkane) hydrocarbon compound (100% being the maximum, the percentages being expressed relative to the total weight of the dissolution solvent) having a boiling temperature of between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, of preferably between 25 and 61°C and very preferably between 25 and 40°C.
- the advantageously aliphatic, preferably paraffinic hydrocarbon compound, the majority of the dissolution solvent has a critical temperature (temperature at the critical point of said pure hydrocarbon compound) of between 130 and 285°C, preferably between 158 and 285°C, preferably between 185 and 245°C, preferably between 185 and 230°C and very preferably between 185 and 200°C.
- the majority paraffinic hydrocarbon compound of the dissolution solvent has a critical pressure of between 2.5 and 5.0 MPa, preferably between 2.7 and 4.6 MPa, preferably between 3.0 and 3.8 MPa, and preferably between 3.0 and 3.5 MPa.
- the dissolution solvent comprises predominantly, preferably at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, preferably 98% by weight of an aliphatic paraffinic hydrocarbon compound, preferably linear or branched, having a boiling temperature of between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, preferably between 25 and 61°C and very preferably between 25 and 40°C C, and containing between 4 and 7 carbon atoms (that is to say in C4-C7), preferably 5, 6 or 7 carbon atoms (respectively in C5, C6 or C7), preferably containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms (in C5 or C6) and very preferably containing 5 carbon atoms (in C5).
- an aliphatic paraffinic hydrocarbon compound preferably linear or branched, having a boiling temperature of between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, preferably between 25 and 61°C and very preferably between
- dissolution step a) is carried out at a dissolution temperature of between 120 and 220°C, preferably between 130 and 200°C, very preferably between 150 and 200°C, and a dissolution pressure of between 1, 0 and 25.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 1.0 and 20.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 5.0 and 18.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 10.0 and 17.0 MPa absolute.
- the temperature and pressure can vary throughout step a), from the conditions of introduction of the plastic filler and/or the dissolution solvent, for example from ambient conditions, that is to say -say a temperature between 10 and 30°C and atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa), until reaching the dissolution conditions, that is to say the dissolution temperature, in particular between 120 and 220°C , preferably between 130 and 200°C, very preferably between 150 and 200°C, and the dissolution pressure, in particular between 1.0 and 25.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 1.0 and 20.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 5.0 and 18.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 10.0 and 17.0 MPa absolute.
- the flow of dissolved polymer, in particular the polymer solution is at the dissolution temperature and at the dissolution pressure.
- the temperature in step a) to a temperature less than or equal to 220°C, preferably less than or equal to 200°C, makes it possible to avoid or limit the thermal degradation of the polymers, in particular of the polyethylene, but also to limit the energy requirement of the process, thus participating in limiting the operating costs and the carbon footprint of the process.
- the dissolution temperature is greater than or equal to the melting temperature of the polyethylene, so as to promote its dissolution.
- the dissolution pressure is advantageously greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the dissolution solvent, at the dissolution temperature, so that the dissolution solvent is at least partly, and preferably entirely, in liquid form. , at the dissolution temperature, so as to optimize the dissolution of the targeted polyethylene.
- the dissolution temperature and pressure conditions reached in step a) are adjusted so that the mixture (dissolution solvent + polyethylene) is homogeneous and very preferably monophasic, said mixture possibly comprising insoluble impurities in suspension in said mixture.
- the weight ratio (filler/solvent) between the plastic filler and the dissolution solvent is between 0.01 and 2.0, preferably between 0.05 and 1.0, preferably between 0.10 and 0.8.
- dissolution step a) is carried out for a residence time of between 1 and 600 minutes, preferably between 2 and 300 minutes, preferably between 5 and 180 minutes.
- the residence time is understood as the residence time at the dissolution temperature and at the dissolution pressure, that is to say the time of implementation of the plastic filler with the dissolution solvent at the dissolution temperature and at the dissolution pressure, in step a).
- the dissolution solvent comprises, preferably consists of, a make-up of fresh solvent and/or a stream of recycled solvent from a subsequent step of the process, preferably from step c) of solvent-polymer separation .
- the bringing into contact between the dissolution solvent and the plastic filler to dissolve at least partially, preferably completely, polyethylene of the plastic filler in the dissolution solvent can be carried out in a line and/or equipment and/or between two pieces of equipment.
- step a) advantageously uses at least one dissolution equipment, and possibly at least one device for preparing the load, a mixing device and/or a transport device.
- This equipment and/or devices can be for example a static mixer, an extruder, a pump, a reactor, a co- or counter-current column, or in a combination of lines and equipment.
- Devices for transporting fluids in particular, such as liquids or solids, are well known to those skilled in the art. Without limitation, the transport devices may include a pump, an extruder, a vibrating tube, an endless screw, a valve.
- the equipment and/or devices may also include or be associated with heating systems (for example oven, exchanger, tracing, etc.) to achieve the conditions necessary for dissolution.
- Dissolution step a) can be carried out continuously, discontinuously (or in batch mode) or in fed batch mode (or fed-batch).
- the dissolution step a) is at least supplied by the plastic filler, in particular in the form of one or more flows of plastic filler, and by the dissolution solvent, in particular in the form of one or more flows of solvent of dissolution, advantageously by means of one or more transport devices.
- the plastic filler flow(s) may be distinct from the dissolution solvent flow(s).
- Part or all of the plastic filler can also feed step a) mixed with part or all of the dissolution solvent, the remainder of the solvent and/or filler, where appropriate, being able to feed the step a) separately.
- the dissolution solvent is advantageously at least partly, and preferably entirely, in liquid form, while the plastic filler, which comprises polyethylene, can be in solid or liquid form possibly comprising suspended solid particles.
- the plastic filler can also optionally be injected into the dissolving equipment, mixed with the dissolving solvent, in the form of a suspension in the dissolving solvent, the preparation and injection of the suspension being able to be continuous or discontinuous.
- step a) can use an extruder and possibly at least one other dissolution equipment.
- the plastic filler feeds, possibly with at least a fraction of the dissolution solvent, the extruder so that, at the outlet of the extruder, at least a part and preferably all of the targeted polyethylene, included in the charge, is in the molten state (or at least partly dissolved).
- the plastic filler possibly mixed with at least a fraction of the dissolution solvent is then injected into dissolution equipment, for example of the reactor type, at least partly in molten form (or partly dissolved).
- the plastic filler at least partly in the molten state (and/or partly dissolved) at the extruder outlet, can also be pumped using a pump dedicated to viscous fluids often called a “melt” pump. or gear pump.
- the plastic filler, at least partly in the molten state (or partly dissolved) can also be, at the extruder outlet, filtered using a filtration device, possibly in addition to the melt pump. ", in order to eliminate the largest particles, generally the mesh size of this filter is between 10 microns and 1 mm, preferably between 20 and 200 microns.
- step a) uses an extruder in which the dissolution solvent is injected, advantageously at several points, so as to promote shearing and therefore intimate mixing between the dissolution solvent and the plastic filler, this which contributes to the dissolution of polyethylene.
- the treatment process may comprise an intermediate adsorption step a'), located during the dissolution step a) or directly downstream of the dissolution step a), and which includes the introduction of an adsorbent , preferably of the alumina, silica, silica-alumina, activated carbon or bleaching earth type, in the form of divided particles, in the raw polymer solution obtained at the end of step a) or optionally during step a) of dissolution.
- the adsorbent can then be eliminated during purification step b), for example during a sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles and/or a sub-step b2) of washing.
- This possible step a') of adsorption in the presence of an adsorbent in divided form makes it possible to optimize the purification of the polymer solution.
- the raw polymer solution obtained at the end of dissolution step a) comprises at least the dissolution solvent, the polyethylene that the present invention seeks to recover purified, dissolved in the dissolution solvent.
- the raw polymer solution also includes soluble impurities also dissolved in the dissolving solvent.
- the raw polymer solution may optionally also comprise impurities or insoluble compounds in suspension.
- the raw polymer solution obtained at the end of step a) may optionally also comprise polymers, other than the targeted polyethylene, for example in the molten state.
- the polyethylene of the plastic filler is advantageously solubilized, in whole or in part, in the dissolution solvent; the polyethylene solution obtained (ie the raw polymer solution) will be able to undergo step b) of purification then step c) of solvent-polymer separation, so as to recover the polyethylene from the plastic filler, in purified form, with very low levels of impurities and residual solvent and compatible with any type of subsequent application.
- the process according to the invention makes it possible to recover polyethylene from plastic waste optimally and under completely reasonable operating conditions (in particular a well-bounded dissolution pressure, that is to say limited), and therefore with controlled energy consumption and therefore limited cost.
- the purification process according to the invention comprises a step of purification of the raw polymer solution resulting from step a).
- This purification step b) comprises at least one of the sub-steps b1), b2), b3), b4) described below: b1) a sub-step of separating insolubles, b2) a sub-step of washing, by contact with a dense solution, b3) an extraction sub-step, by contact with an extraction solvent, b4) a sub-step of adsorption of impurities by contact with an adsorbent.
- the different sub-steps b1), b2), b3) and b4) which can be implemented in purification step b) can be operated continuously, batchwise (or in batch mode) or in fed batch mode ( or fed-batch).
- purification step b) comprises at least one substep b1) of separation of insolubles.
- Purification step b) preferably comprises several (that is to say at least two) sub-steps chosen from sub-steps b1), b2), b3) and b4), in series, and preferred manner at least one sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles and for example a sub-step b4) of adsorption, and very advantageously in this order.
- the combination of at least two sub-steps chosen from b1), b2), b3) and b4) advantageously allows optimal purification of the polymer solution.
- the polymer solution obtained at the end of step b) is a purified polymer solution and comprises polyethylene dissolved in at least the dissolution solvent.
- This purified polymer solution can correspond to a clarified polymer solution resulting from a sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles, a washed polymer solution resulting from a washing sub-step b2), an extracted polymer solution resulting from a sub-step -step b3) of extraction or a refined polymer solution resulting from a sub-step b4) of adsorption of impurities.
- the purification process may include a sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles by solid-liquid separation, to advantageously obtain at least one polymer solution clarified (that is to say devoid of at least part, preferably all, of the insolubles that the crude polymer solution comprises) and preferably an insoluble fraction.
- the insoluble fraction advantageously comprises, at least in part, preferably all, insoluble impurities, in particular suspended in the raw polymer solution resulting from step a).
- Substep b1) of separation of insolubles thus makes it possible to eliminate at least part, preferably all, of the particles of compounds insoluble in the dissolution solvent, present in suspension in the raw polymer solution resulting from step a ) or a possible step a').
- the insoluble compounds (or impurities) eliminated during substep b1) of separation of insolubles are for example pigments, mineral compounds, packaging residues (glass, wood, cardboard, paper, aluminum) and insoluble polymers. .
- this separation substep b1) advantageously makes it possible, in addition to the elimination of at least part of the insoluble impurities, to limit operational problems, in particular of the blockage and/or erosion type, of the steps of the process located downstream of such a sub-step b1), while contributing to the purification of the plastic filler.
- Substep b1) of separation of insolubles is advantageously carried out at a temperature preferably between 120 and 220°C, preferably between 130 and 200°C, very preferably between 150 and 200°C, and at a pressure between between 1.0 and 25.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 1.0 and 20.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 5.0 and 18.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 10.0 and 17.0 MPa absolute.
- substep b1) of separation of insolubles is carried out at the temperature and pressure conditions at the outlet of step a) of dissolution, that is to say at the dissolution temperature and pressure dissolution as defined above.
- substep b1) of separation of insolubles is preferably supplied with the raw polymer solution from step a) or from a possible intermediate adsorption step a').
- sub-step b1) can be supplied with a washed polymer solution resulting from a washing sub-step b2).
- substep b1) implements at least one solid-liquid separation section (or solid-liquid-liquid separation, particularly in the case where the effluent obtained at the end of the dissolution step comprises in addition to the polymer solution and solid impurities, impurities and/or polymers of a different nature than the polyethylene in question, in liquid form and with little or no soluble).
- the solid-liquid separation section comprises at least one solid-liquid separation equipment, for example a separator flask, a decanter, a centrifugal decanter, a centrifuge, a filter, a sand filter, a filter tangential using in particular a membrane and/or a depth filter, an eddy current separator, an electrostatic separator, a triboelectric separator, preferably a decanter, a filter, a sand filter and/or an electrostatic separator.
- a self-cleaning filter can be used, the cleaning or unclogging allowing the elimination of insoluble matter being carried out using a flow of solvent.
- substep b1) implements at least one decantation section advantageously comprising at least one decanter and/or at least one filtration section.
- filtration aids for example diatomaceous earth or sand
- the evacuation of the insoluble fraction can be facilitated by equipment allowing the transport and/or elimination of traces of solvent possibly present in the insoluble fraction, for example a conveyor, a vibrating tube, an endless screw, an extruder, a striping.
- Substep b1) can therefore use equipment for transport and/or elimination of traces of solvent to evacuate the insoluble fraction.
- at least part of the solvent recovered during substep b1) is recycled in the process.
- sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles uses at least two, and generally less than five, solid-liquid separation equipment in series and/or in parallel.
- the presence of at least two solid-liquid separation equipment in series makes it possible to improve the elimination of insoluble matter, while the presence of equipment in parallel makes it possible to manage the maintenance of said equipment and/or unclogging operations.
- Certain insoluble compounds, in particular certain pigments and mineral fillers, conventionally added during the formulation of polymers, can be in the form of particles of less than 1 ⁇ m. This is for example the case of titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate and carbon black.
- said sub-step b1) of separating the insolubles advantageously uses an electrostatic separator, which makes it possible to effectively eliminate, at least in part, the insoluble particles of size less than 1 pm.
- sub-step b1) of insolubles uses a sand filter, to eliminate particles of different sizes and in particular particles of size less than 1 pm.
- substep b1) of insolubles uses a tangential filter using in particular a membrane and/or a depth filter, possibly in the presence of filtration aids such as for example earth of diatoms.
- the polymer solution which feeds sub-step b1) may optionally also comprise a second liquid phase, for example consisting of molten polymers, these polymers being of a different nature from that of polyethylene.
- substep b1) advantageously implements a solid-liquid-liquid separation section, using equipment allowing the separation of two liquid phases from a solid phase, preferably by means of at least one two-phase or three-phase separator.
- the purification process may optionally comprise a sub-step b2) of washing with a dense solution, to advantageously obtain at least one washed polymer solution and preferably a washing effluent.
- the washed polymer solution obtained at the end of sub-step b2) advantageously comprises the polyethylene that the present invention seeks to recover purified, dissolved in the dissolving solvent.
- the washed polymer solution may still include residual impurities, in particular soluble in the dissolution solvent and/or possibly traces of the washing solvent (i.e. dense solution) if substep b2) is carried out.
- Washing sub-step b2) can be integrated upstream or downstream, preferably downstream, of a sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles, when these two sub-steps are integrated into step b) of purification.
- the washing sub-step b2) is supplied with a dense solution and with the raw polymer solution from step a) or from a possible intermediate adsorption step a'), or by the clarified polymer solution from b1).
- the polymer solution which feeds the washing substep b2) in particular the crude or clarified polymer solution, may comprise impurities in the form of insoluble compounds in suspension and/or in the form of solubilized compounds. These suspended or solubilized compounds can, in part or in whole, be eliminated during substep b2) of washing by dissolution or precipitation and/or by entrainment in the dense solution.
- this substep b2) contributes to the treatment of the plastic filler and more particularly to the purification of the polymer solution.
- the washing sub-step b2) advantageously comprises bringing the polymer solution which feeds the sub-step b2), that is to say the raw or clarified polymer solution, into contact with a dense solution.
- the dense solution has a higher density than the polymer solution (that is to say the mixture comprising at least the targeted polyethylene and the dissolution solvent in which the targeted polyethylene is dissolved).
- the solution dense has a density preferably greater than or equal to 0.85, preferably greater than or equal to 0.9, preferably greater than or equal to 1.0, and preferably less than or equal to 1.5.
- the dense solution may be an aqueous solution, which preferably comprises at least 50% by weight of water, preferably at least 75% by weight of water, very preferably at least 90% by weight of water.
- the pH of the aqueous solution can be adjusted using an acid or a base to promote the dissolution of certain compounds.
- the dense solution may also optionally be a solution comprising, preferably consisting of, an organic solvent with a density advantageously greater than or equal to 0.85, preferably greater than or equal to 0.9, preferably greater than or equal to 1.0, and in which the polyethylene of the plastic filler remains insoluble under the temperature and pressure conditions of substep b2), for example an organic solvent chosen from sulfolane or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), optionally mixed with water.
- the dense solution is an aqueous solution which preferably comprises at least 50% by weight of water, preferably at least 75% by weight of water, very preferably at least 90% by weight of water.
- Washing substep b2) is advantageously carried out at a temperature preferably between 120 and 220°C, preferably between 130 and 200°C, very preferably between 150 and 200°C, and at a pressure between 1 .0 and 25.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 1.0 and 20.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 5.0 and 18.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 10.0 and 17.0 MPa absolute.
- washing sub-step b2) is carried out at the dissolution temperature and the dissolution pressure.
- the mass ratio (dense solution / polymer solution) between the mass flow rate of the dense solution and the mass flow rate of the polymer solution which feeds the sub-step b2) is advantageously between 0.05 and 20.0, preferably between 0.1 and 10.0 and preferably between 0.5 and 3.0.
- the contact between the polymer solution and the dense solution can be carried out at several points of the equipment(s) used, that is to say by several injections of the polymer solution and/or the dense solution at different points along the equipment(s), it is then the sum of the injected flows which is taken into account in the calculation of the mass ratio (dense solution / polymer solution).
- Substep b2) can be carried out in one or more washing equipment allowing contact with the dense solution and/or with separation equipment making it possible to recover at least one washing effluent and a washed polymer solution.
- This equipment is well known, for example stirred reactors, static mixers, decanter mixers, two-phase or three-phase separator flasks, washing columns with co- or counter-current, plate column, stirred column, packed column, pulsed column, etc., each type of equipment may include one or more equipment used alone or in combination with equipment of another type .
- the washing sub-step b2) is carried out in a counter-current washing column in which the dense solution is injected, preferably in the upper half, preferably the third, of the column. preferably closest to the column head, on the one hand and the crude or clarified polymer solution is injected, preferably in the lower half, preferably the third, of the column preferably closest to the column bottom , on the other hand.
- the dense solution is injected, preferably in the upper half, preferably the third, of the column. preferably closest to the column head, on the one hand and the crude or clarified polymer solution is injected, preferably in the lower half, preferably the third, of the column preferably closest to the column bottom , on the other hand.
- the flows entering and/or leaving the washing column can be divided and injected into several injection points along the column and/or drawn off at several withdrawal points along the column.
- washing sub-step b2) is carried out in a mixer-settler comprising an agitated mixing zone, to bring the dense solution and the raw or clarified polymer solution into contact, and a decantation zone, making it possible to recover a washed polymer solution and advantageously a washing effluent.
- the washing effluent advantageously obtained comprises in particular compounds solubilized in the dense solution and/or insoluble and entrained in the washing effluent.
- the washing effluent can be reprocessed in a washing effluent treatment section, on the one hand to separate at least in part the solubilized and/or entrained compounds and possibly purify the washing effluent, to obtain a solution purified dense solution, and on the other hand to recycle at least part of the purified dense solution.
- This washing effluent treatment section can use one or more well-known solid-liquid separation equipment(s), for example a separator flask, a decanter, a centrifugal decanter, a centrifuge, a filter. .
- the washing effluent can also be sent outside the process, for example to a wastewater treatment plant when the dense solution is an aqueous solution.
- Step b) of the process according to the invention may comprise a sub-step b3) of extraction by bringing into contact with an extraction solvent, to obtain at least one extracted polymer solution and preferably a used solvent in particular charged in impurities.
- the extracted polymer solution obtained at the end of substep b3) advantageously comprises the polyethylene that the present invention seeks to recover purified, dissolved in the dissolving solvent.
- the extracted polymer solution may also include residual impurities, in particular soluble in the dissolution solvent and/or traces of dense solution and/or the extraction solvent if the sub-step(s) b2) and/ or b3) is(are) carried out.
- substep b3) of extraction is advantageously located between step a) of dissolution and step c) of solvent-polymer separation, preferably downstream of a sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles and possibly upstream or downstream of a sub-step b4) of adsorption if the latter is also integrated into step b).
- the extraction substep b3) is advantageously supplied with an extraction solvent and with the polymer solution, in particular the raw polymer solution resulting from step a), the clarified polymer solution resulting from substep b1) , the washed polymer solution from sub-step b2) or the refined polymer solution from an adsorption sub-step b4).
- extraction substep b3) is supplied with an extraction solvent and with the clarified polymer solution from substep b1) or the washed polymer solution from substep b2), or else possibly by a refined polymer solution resulting from an adsorption substep b4).
- the polymer solution which feeds substep b3) preferably the clarified polymer solution, the washed polymer solution or the refined polymer solution, can therefore comprise, in addition to polyethylene, possibly solubilized compounds or solubilized impurities. These solubilized compounds can partly or entirely be eliminated during substep b3) of extraction by contact with an extraction solvent.
- the combination of an extraction sub-step b3) with a sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles and possibly a washing sub-step b2) and/or an adsorption sub-step b4) allows improved purification of the polymer solution, using both the affinity of the impurities for the extraction solvent and optionally for the dense solution and/or an adsorbent.
- the extraction substep b3) advantageously implements at least one extraction section, preferably between one and five extraction section(s), in a very preferred an extraction section.
- the mass ratio (extraction solvent/polymer solution) between the mass flow rate of the extraction solvent and the mass flow rate of the polymer solution feeding b3), preferably the clarified polymer solution, the washed polymer solution or the refined polymer solution is advantageously between 0.05 and 20.0, preferably between 0.1 and 10.0 and preferably between 0.2 and 5.0.
- the contact between the polymer solution which supplies the sub- step b3), preferably the clarified polymer solution, the washed polymer solution or the refined polymer solution, and the extraction solvent can be carried out at several points of the extraction section, that is to say by several injections of the polymer solution and/or the extraction solvent at different points along the extraction section, it is then the sum of the injected flows which is taken into account in the calculation of the mass ratio (extraction solvent / polymer solution).
- the extraction solvent used in extraction substep b3) advantageously comprises an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvents.
- the extraction solvent comprises, preferably consists of, at least one advantageously aliphatic and preferably paraffinic hydrocarbon compound, preferably at least one alkane, having a boiling point of between -15 and 100°C, of preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, preferably between 25 and 61°C and very preferably between 25 and 40°C.
- the extraction solvent mainly comprises, preferably at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, preferably 98% by weight of a hydrocarbon compound, preferably aliphatic paraffinic (or alkane) (100% being the maximum, the percentages being expressed relative to the total weight of the dissolution solvent), having a boiling temperature of between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, preferably between 25 and 61°C and so very preferred between 25 and 40°C.
- a hydrocarbon compound preferably at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, preferably 98% by weight of a hydrocarbon compound, preferably aliphatic paraffinic (or alkane) (100% being the maximum, the percentages being expressed relative to the total weight of the dissolution solvent
- a hydrocarbon compound preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, preferably between 25 and 61°C and so very preferred between 25 and 40°C.
- the advantageously aliphatic, preferably paraffinic hydrocarbon compound, the majority of the extraction solvent has a critical temperature (temperature at the critical point of said pure hydrocarbon compound) of between 130 and 285°C, preferably between 158 and 285°C, preferably between 185 and 245°C, preferably between 185 and 230°C and very preferably between 185 and 200°C.
- the extraction solvent comprises predominantly, preferably at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, preferably 98% by weight of an aliphatic paraffinic hydrocarbon compound, preferably linear or branched, having a boiling temperature of between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, preferably between 25 and 61°C and very preferably between 25 and 40 °C, and containing between 4 and 7 carbon atoms (from C4 to C7), preferably 5, 6 or 7 carbon atoms (respectively in C5, C6 or C7), preferably containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms (in C5 or C6) and very preferably containing 5 carbon atoms (in C5).
- an aliphatic paraffinic hydrocarbon compound preferably linear or branched, having a boiling temperature of between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, preferably between 25 and 61°C and very preferably between 25 and 40 °
- the extraction solvent used in b3) is the same solvent as the dissolution solvent used in step a), possibly in a different physical state (for example the extraction solvent with supercritical state compared to dissolution solvent in the liquid state), so as to facilitate the management of the solvents and in particular their purification and their recycling in particular towards the dissolution step a) and possibly towards the extraction sub-step b3).
- Another advantage of using identical dissolution and extraction solvents, in identical or different physical states, lies, in addition to facilitating the management of the solvents involved in the process according to the invention, in particular the recovery of the solvents, their treatment and their recycling towards at least one of the stages of the process, in limiting energy consumption and costs in particular generated by the treatment and purification of solvents.
- the extraction section(s) of b3) may include extraction equipment(s), allowing contact with the extraction solvent and/or with separation equipment making it possible to recover at least one used solvent, in particular loaded with impurities, and an extracted polymer solution.
- This equipment is well known, such as stirred reactors, static mixers, decanter mixers, two-phase or three-phase separator flasks, co- or counter-current washing columns, plate columns, stirred columns, packed columns, pulsed columns, etc.
- each type of equipment may include one or more equipment used alone or in combination with equipment of another type.
- the extraction is carried out in a counter-current extraction column where the extraction solvent is injected on the one hand and the polymer solution which feeds sub-step b3) is injected on the other hand.
- the extraction solvent is injected on the one hand and the polymer solution which feeds sub-step b3) is injected on the other hand.
- the polymer solution which feeds b3) preferably the clarified, washed or refined polymer solution
- the polymer solution which feeds b3) is injected into the upper half, preferably the third, of the column preferably closest to the head of the column d counter-current extraction while the extraction solvent is injected into the lower half, preferably the third, of the column preferably closest to the bottom of the counter-current extraction column.
- the flows entering and/or leaving the counter-current extraction column can be divided into several injection and/or withdrawal points along the column.
- the extraction is carried out in a mixer-decanter which advantageously comprises an agitated mixing zone to, on the one hand, bring the extraction solvent into contact with the polymer solution which supplies b3 ), preferably the clarified, washed or refined polymer solution, and on the other hand a decantation zone making it possible to recover an extracted polymer solution on the one hand and a used solvent on the other hand.
- extraction substep b3) is carried out under temperature and pressure conditions different from the temperature and pressure conditions of dissolution step a).
- the extraction substep b3) implements a liquid/liquid extraction section.
- the liquid/liquid extraction section is operated between 120 and 220°C, preferably between 130 and 200°C, very preferably between 150 and 200°C, and at a pressure of between 1.0 and 25, 0 MPa absolute, preferably between 1.0 and 20.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 5.0 and 18.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 10.0 and 17.0 MPa absolute.
- the temperature and pressure conditions are adjusted so that the extraction solvent is in the liquid state, the dissolution solvent preferably also being in the liquid state.
- the liquid/liquid extraction in particular when the extraction solvent is the same as the dissolution solvent, is carried out under temperature and pressure conditions different from the dissolution conditions of step a), in particular at a temperature higher than the dissolution temperature and/or at a pressure lower than the dissolution pressure, so as to thus be placed in a two-phase zone of the corresponding polymer-solvent mixture diagram.
- the extraction substep b3) implements an extraction section under particular temperature and pressure conditions in which the extraction solvent is advantageously, at least in part , in supercritical form.
- Such extraction may be called supercritical extraction.
- the extraction is carried out by bringing the polymer solution which feeds b3), preferably the clarified, washed or refined polymer solution, into contact with an extraction solvent, advantageously under conditions of temperature and pressure which make it possible to obtain a supercritical phase composed mainly (that is to say preferably at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight) of the extraction solvent .
- the extraction is carried out by bringing the polymer solution which feeds b3), preferably the clarified, washed or refined polymer solution, into contact with an extraction solvent which is at less in part, preferably in full, in the supercritical state.
- an extraction solvent which is at less in part, preferably in full, in the supercritical state.
- the use of an extraction solvent in the supercritical state also makes it possible to create a significant density difference between the supercritical phase and the polymer solution in liquid form, which facilitates demixing and separation by decantation between the two. phases, or between the supercritical phase and the liquid phase, which consequently contributes to the efficiency of the purification of the polymer solution.
- substep b3) uses an extraction solvent comprising predominantly, preferably at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, preferably 98% by weight of a compound hydrocarbon, preferably aliphatic paraffinic (or alkane), (100% being the maximum, the percentages being expressed relative to the total weight of the dissolution solvent), having a critical temperature preferably between 130 and 285°C, preferably between 158 and 285°C, preferably between 185 and 245°C, very preferably between 185 and 230°C and preferably between 185 and 200°C.
- a critical temperature preferably between 130 and 285°C, preferably between 158 and 285°C, preferably between 185 and 245°C, very preferably between 185 and 230°C and preferably between 185 and 200°C.
- the extraction solvent mainly comprises, preferably at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, preferably 98% by weight of a aliphatic paraffinic hydrocarbon compound having a boiling temperature of between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, very preferably between 25 and 61°C and preferably between 25 and 40°C, and containing between 4 and 7 carbon atoms (i.e.
- the majority paraffinic aliphatic hydrocarbon compound of the extraction solvent has a critical pressure of between 2.5 and 5.0 MPa, preferably between 2.7 and 4.6 MPa, preferably between 3.0 and 3. .8 MPa, and preferably between 3.0 and 3.5 MPa.
- substep b3) of supercritical extraction of this particular embodiment is carried out at a temperature preferably between 160°C and 300°C, preferably between 190 and 250°C, preferably between 200°C. C and 230°C, and at a pressure preferably between 2.7 and 10.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 3.0 and 6.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 3.0 and 5.0 MPa absolute and very preferred way between 3.0 and 4.0 MPa absolute.
- the pressure at which the supercritical extraction is carried out is very advantageously between the critical pressure (PC (solvent extraction)) of the majority paraffinic aliphatic hydrocarbon compound of the extraction solvent (that is to say, preferably, the critical pressure of the majority paraffinic aliphatic hydrocarbon compound having a boiling temperature of between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, very preferably between 25 and 61°C and preferably between 25 and 40°C, and containing between 4 and 7 carbon atoms, preferably 5, 6 or 7 carbon atoms, preferably containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms and very preferably containing 5 carbon atoms, as defined above) and a pressure equal to 3.0 MPa beyond the critical pressure of the majority paraffinic aliphatic hydrocarbon compound of the extraction solvent (that is to say: PC (solvent extraction) + 3.0 MPa), preferably between the critical pressure of the majority paraffinic aliphatic
- the temperature and pressure conditions are adjusted, in particular in an adjustment section implemented in substep b3) of extraction upstream of the extraction section, of so that the extraction solvent is at least partly in the supercritical state in the extraction section, the adjustment of the temperature and pressure of the extraction solvent in said adjustment section being advantageously carried out by known means of those skilled in the art (by implementing for example pump and/or valve and/or turbine and/or exchanger and/or oven).
- the extraction substep b3) implements a supercritical extraction and the extraction solvent is the same as the dissolution solvent (or comprises the same majority compound as the solvent dissolution and possibly impurities), apart from the fact that the extraction solvent is at least partly in the supercritical phase.
- the used solvent obtained is in particular loaded with impurities. It can be reprocessed in an organic treatment section making it possible on the one hand to separate at least part of the impurities and purify the solvent to obtain a purified extraction solvent, and on the other hand to recycle at least part of the solvent.
- the used solvent can be treated according to any method known to those skilled in the art, such as for example one or more of the following methods: distillation, evaporation, extraction, adsorption, crystallization and precipitation of insolubles, or by purging.
- Step b) of the treatment process according to the invention may comprise an adsorption sub-step b4), to obtain at least one refined polymer solution.
- the polymer solution refined obtained at the end of substep b4) advantageously comprises the polyethylene that the present invention seeks to recover purified, dissolved in the dissolution solvent.
- substep b4) of adsorption is advantageously carried out downstream of step a) of dissolution and upstream of step c) of solvent-polymer separation .
- It can be implemented upstream of a sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles and/or b2) of washing and correspond in particular to the possible step a') of intermediate adsorption.
- it is implemented downstream of a sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles and possibly of a sub-step b2) of washing itself preferably downstream of sub-step b1).
- It can also be implemented, for example, upstream or downstream of an extraction sub-step b3).
- substep b4) of adsorption is implemented by bringing into contact the polymer solution which feeds it, in particular the raw polymer solution resulting from step a), the clarified polymer solution resulting from b1) or washed from b2) or the extracted polymer solution from b3), with one (or more) adsorbent(s).
- the adsorption substep b4) advantageously uses an adsorption section operated in the presence of at least one adsorbent, preferably solid, and in particular in the form of a fixed bed, an entrained bed (or slurry, i.e. that is to say in the form of particles introduced into the flow to be purified and entrained with this flow) or in the form of a bubbling bed, preferably in the form of a fixed bed or entrained bed.
- Each adsorbent used in substep b4) is preferably an alumina, a silica, a silica-alumina, an activated carbon, a bleaching earth, or their mixtures, preferably an activated carbon, a bleaching earth or their mixtures, preferably in the form of a fixed bed or entrained bed, the circulation of flows being able to be ascending or descending.
- adsorption substep b4) is carried out at a temperature preferably between 120 and 220°C, preferably between 130 and 200°C, very preferably between 150 and 200°C. °C, and at a pressure between 1.0 and 25.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 1.0 and 20.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 5.0 and 18.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 10, 0 and 17.0 MPa absolute.
- adsorption substep b4) is carried out at the temperature and dissolution pressure conditions, that is to say at the dissolution temperature and the dissolution pressure of step a).
- the hourly volume velocity (or WH), which corresponds to the ratio between the volume flow rate of the polymer solution which feeds b4) and the volume of adsorbent, advantageously in operation in b4 ), is between 0.05 and 10 h -1 , preferably between 0.1 and 5.0 h -1 .
- the adsorption section may comprise one or more fixed bed(s) of adsorbent(s), for example in the form of column(s) of adsorption, preferably at least two adsorption columns, preferably between two and four adsorption columns, containing said adsorbent(s).
- an operating mode can be an operation called “swing", according to the established Anglo-Saxon term, in which one of the columns is in line, i.e. -say in operation, while the other column is in reserve.
- the adsorbent of the online column is worn out, this column is isolated while the reserve column is put online, that is to say in operation.
- the spent adsorbent can then be regenerated in situ and/or replaced by fresh adsorbent so that the column containing it can be put back online once the other column has been isolated.
- Another mode of operation of this particular embodiment of b4) comprising one or more fixed bed(s) of adsorbent(s), is to have at least two columns operating in series.
- This first column is isolated and the spent adsorbent is either regenerated in situ or replaced by fresh adsorbent.
- the column is then put back online in last position and so on.
- This operation is called permutable mode, or according to the English term “PRS” for Permutable Reactor System or even “lead and lag” according to the established Anglo-Saxon term.
- the combination of at least two adsorption columns makes it possible to overcome possible poisoning and/or possible rapid clogging of the adsorbent under the joint action of impurities, contaminants and insoluble matter possibly present in the flow. treat.
- the presence of at least two adsorption columns facilitates the replacement and/or regeneration of the adsorbent, advantageously without stopping the process, and also makes it possible to control costs and limit adsorbent consumption.
- sub-step b4) of fixed bed adsorption of adsorbent(s), sub-step b4) is preferably implemented downstream of a separation sub-step b1) insolubles and/or a washing sub-step b2), and possibly upstream or downstream of an extraction sub-step b3).
- a sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles, and/or of a sub-step b2) of washing, and possibly of a sub-step b3) of extraction, with a sub-step b4) adsorption allows improved purification of the polymer solution, using both the affinity of the residual impurities for the adsorbent and for the extraction solvent and possibly a dense solution.
- the adsorption section of b4) can, according to another embodiment, consist of adding adsorbent particles to the polymer solution, in particular the raw polymer solution, said particles being able to be separated from the polymer solution via a step elimination adsorbent particles located downstream of said adsorption section.
- the elimination of the adsorbent particles can then advantageously correspond to a sub-step b1) of separation of insolubles or to a sub-step b2) of washing.
- Such an implementation of substep b4) of adsorption, by introduction of the adsorbent particles then solid/liquid separation advantageously corresponds to the possible step a') of intermediate adsorption, described further in this description. .
- the process comprises a step c) of solvent-polymer separation, to obtain at least one fraction of purified polyethylene and preferably a solvent fraction.
- Solvent-polymer separation step c) advantageously uses at least one supercritical separation section, followed by at least one solvent recovery section, preferably between one and five solvent recovery section(s), in series. .
- the solvent-polymer separation step c), more particularly the supercritical separation section, in particular the first supercritical separation section, is supplied with the purified polymer solution resulting from the purification step b).
- Step c) of solvent-polymer separation thus aims firstly to separate at least in part, preferably mainly, or even entirely, the solvent(s), in particular the dissolution solvent, contained(es). in the purified polymer solution which feeds step c), so as to recover the polyethylene freed at least in part, preferably mainly and preferably completely, of the impurities and of the dissolution solvent and possibly of the other solvent(s) put into used in the process (i.e. the extraction solvent and/or the dense solution).
- the fraction of purified polyethylene obtained at the end of step c) can correspond to a concentrated polyethylene solution or to liquid (that is to say in the molten state) or solid purified polyethylene.
- Solvent-polymer separation step c) may optionally also comprise a conditioning section for conditioning the recovered purified polyethylene, in solid form and more particularly in the form of solid granules. In this possible conditioning section, the purified polyethylene recovered is cooled, advantageously to a temperature below the melting temperature of the polyethylene, to obtain a fraction comprising polyethylene in the solid state.
- Solvent-polymer separation step c) also aims to recover at least in part, preferably mainly and preferably in totality, the solvent(s) contained in the purified polymer solution which feeds step c ), and in particular the dissolution solvent and optionally the extraction solvent and/or the dense solution.
- the solvent-polymer separation step c) advantageously also makes it possible to obtain at least one solvent fraction.
- the solvent-polymer separation step c) also optionally aims to purify the recovered solvent fraction and recycle it in particular upstream of the dissolution step a) and possibly upstream of the sub-step b2) and/or the substep b3).
- Solvent-polymer separation step c) thus uses a supercritical separation section which makes it possible to separate at least part of the dissolution solvent, and optionally the extraction solvent and the dense solution, and possibly part of the impurities. residuals which would not have been eliminated during step b), under temperature and pressure conditions adjusted so as to be placed in supercritical conditions, that is to say beyond the critical point of the ( of) solvent(s) to be separated, in particular beyond the critical point of the dissolution solvent, more particularly beyond the critical point of the majority hydrocarbon compound of the dissolution solvent, which advantageously allows easy separation and recovery at least part of the solvent, in particular the dissolving solvent.
- This supercritical separation section in particular uses a fluid system which consists of a supercritical phase comprising mainly solvent, in particular dissolution solvent, and a liquid phase comprising polyethylene.
- the term "mainly” means here, at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, very preferably at least 95% by weight, relative to the weight of the flow considered, c that is to say the supercritical phase.
- the separation can then be called supercritical separation of the solvent(s).
- the supercritical separation of the solvent(s) makes it possible to effectively separate on the one hand at least part of the solvent(s) and in particular the dissolution solvent and on the other hand the polyethylene or a polyethylene solution concentrated, the supercritical separation being advantageously enabled by the significant difference in density between the two phases, the supercritical phase comprising mainly solvent, in particular the dissolution solvent, and the liquid phase comprising polyethylene.
- the supercritical separation of the solvent(s) advantageously makes it possible to present a significantly reduced energy and environmental cost compared to a simple vaporization of the solvent, since during the transition to the supercritical state, there is no of latent heat of vaporization.
- the supercritical separation section is advantageously operated at a temperature between 160°C and 300°C, preferably between 190 and 250°C, preferably between 200°C and 230°C, and at a pressure (Psupercritical) between 2 .7 and 10.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 3.0 and 6.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 3.0 and 5.0 MPa absolute and preferably between 3.0 and 4.0 MPa absolute.
- the supercritical separation section of step c) is implemented at a pressure (Psupercritical) between the critical pressure of the majority hydrocarbon compound of the dissolution solvent (PC (dissolution solvent)) and a pressure equal to 3.0 MPa beyond the critical pressure of the majority hydrocarbon compound of the dissolution solvent (that is to say: PC (dissolution solvent) + 3.0 MPa), preferably between the critical pressure of the compound majority hydrocarbon of the dissolution solvent (PC(dissolution solvent)) and a pressure equal to 1.5 MPa beyond the critical pressure of the majority hydrocarbon compound of the dissolution solvent (that is to say: PC(dissolution solvent ) + 1.5 MPa), preferably between the critical pressure of the majority hydrocarbon compound of the dissolution solvent (PC(solvent)) and a pressure equal to 0.5 MPa beyond the critical pressure of the majority hydrocarbon compound of the dissolution solvent (PC(solvent)) dissolution solvent (that is to say: equal to PC (dissolution solvent) + 0.5 MPa), the pressures being absolute pressures, the majority
- the supercritical separation section of step c) is preferably carried out by demixing then decanting the liquid phase (comprising polyethylene) and the supercritical phase (composed of solvent).
- the supercritical phase resulting from the supercritical separation section constitutes at least in part the solvent fraction obtained at the end of step c).
- the liquid phase which comprises polyethylene is preferably sent to a solvent recovery section or a series of solvent recovery sections.
- Step c) may optionally comprise one or more successive supercritical separation sections, in particular between one and five, more particularly one, two or three.
- the liquid phase which comprises polyethylene and which comes from a supercritical separation section can therefore also be supplied to another subsequent supercritical separation section, the liquid phase of the last supercritical separation section being advantageously sent to a solvent recovery section or a series of solvent recovery sections.
- step c) comprises a supercritical separation section.
- the supercritical separation of the solvent makes it possible to further reduce the content of residual impurities in the purified polyethylene fraction.
- the supercritical section is followed by at least one, preferably between one and five, solvent recovery section(s), preferably successive.
- the first solvent recovery section is supplied with the liquid phase comprising polyethylene and coming from the supercritical separation section, possibly the series of supercritical separation sections and in particular from the last supercritical separation section, and, in the case where the separation step comprises at least two solvent recovery sections, each of the following solvent recovery sections, that is to say from the second solvent recovery section, is supplied with the liquid phase comprising the polyethylene and from the previous solvent recovery section, for example the second solvent recovery section being supplied with the liquid phase comprising the targeted thermoplastic polymers from the first solvent recovery section.
- the liquid phase containing polyethylene, resulting from the last solvent recovery section constitutes the fraction of purified polyethylene, obtained at the end of step c).
- phase or all of the phases containing only solvent, resulting from the solvent recovery sections constitutes with the supercritical phase resulting from the supercritical separation section, possibly from the series of supercritical separation sections, the (or the) solvent fraction(s) advantageously recovered at the end of step c).
- the phase or all of the phases containing only solvent from the solvent recovery sections is (or are) preferably in gaseous form and can be condensed and optionally mixed with the supercritical phase from the supercritical separation section whose temperature and pressure conditions have advantageously been previously adjusted to be in liquid form.
- Each solvent recovery section is implemented at a temperature advantageously operated at a temperature between 160 and 300°C (and preferably at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the polyethylene) and a pressure between the pressure set work in the supercritical separation section(s) (Psupercritical) and 0.000005 MPa (i.e. 5 Pa).
- each solvent recovery section is carried out at a temperature between 160 and 300°C and at a pressure between the pressure of the previous section of step c) and 0.000005 MPa.
- the second solvent recovery section S2 which directly follows the solvent recovery section S1, is operated at a pressure P(S2) between the pressure P(S1) implemented in the first solvent recovery section S1 and 0.000005 MPa, and so on for the following sections.
- each solvent recovery section is implemented at a temperature advantageously operated at a temperature between 160 and 300°C and a pressure between the pressure of the previous section of step c) and 0.000005 MPa and preferably at a pressure of between 10.0 MPa and 0.000005 MPa, preferably between 5.0 MPa and 0.000005 MPa, preferably between 2.7 MPa and 0.000005 MPa.
- the temperature and pressure conditions are adjusted in each solvent recovery section to influence the volatility of the solvent(s) still present in the polymer phase which is advantageously in the form of a polyethylene solution. concentrated or in the form of molten or solid polyethylene.
- step c) can implement several solvent recovery sections, for example two, three or four solvent recovery sections, so as to recover separately, sequentially and/or successively the different solvents, in particular the dissolution solvent and possibly the diluting solvent. 'extraction.
- the supercritical separation and solvent recovery sections of step c) can be implemented continuously, batchwise (or in batch mode) or in fed batch mode (or fed-batch).
- the solvent fraction recovered at the end of step c) can be treated in an organic treatment section located at the end of step c), so as to purify it and obtain at least one purified solvent. , in particular at least one purified dissolution solvent, to be able to advantageously recycle it towards the dissolution step a), and possibly towards the washing sub-step b2) or the extraction sub-step b3).
- Said possible organic treatment section at the end of step c) can implement any method known to those skilled in the art, such as for example one or more methods among distillation, evaporation, liquid-liquid extraction, adsorption, crystallization and precipitation of insolubles, or by purging.
- the process according to the invention thus makes it possible to obtain a purified stream of polyethylene from plastic waste, which can be used in any application, for example as a replacement for virgin resins.
- the purified polyethylene stream that is to say the purified polyethylene fraction, obtained by the process according to the invention thus has sufficiently low impurity and residual solvent contents to be able to be used in any application.
- the stream of purified polyethylene obtained at the end of the process according to the invention advantageously comprises less than 5% by weight of impurities, very advantageously less than 1% by weight of impurities, and very advantageously less than 5% weight of residual solvent (in particular dissolution solvent), preferably less than 1% by weight of residual solvent, preferably less than 0.1% by weight of residual solvent.
- the process for purifying the plastic filler comprises, preferably consists of: a) a dissolution step in a dissolution solvent comprising at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon compound paraffinic, having a boiling point of between -15 and 100°C, preferably between 8 and 100°C, preferably between 25 and 69°C, very preferably between 25 and 61°C and preferably between 25 and 40 °C, carried out at a dissolution temperature of between 150 and 250°C, preferably between 160 and 225°C, very preferably between 165 and 210°C, and preferably between 170 and 195°C, and at a dissolution pressure between 1.0 and 18.0 MPa absolute, preferably 1.0 and 12.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 3.0 and 1 1.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 5.0 and 1 1 .0 MPa absolute, very preferably between 6.0 and 10.0 MPa absolute, to obtain at least one crude polymer solution; then b) a step of purification step in a dissolution solvent comprising at least one ali
- the present invention relates to a device for purifying the plastic filler, which comprises polyethylene, said device comprising, preferably consisting of: a) a section for dissolving the plastic filler in a dissolution solvent comprising advantageously at least one paraffinic aliphatic hydrocarbon compound, used at a dissolution temperature of between 150 and 250°C, preferably between 160 and 225°C, very preferably between 165 and 210°C, and preferably between 170 and 195 °C, and at a dissolution pressure of between 1.0 and 18.0 MPa absolute, preferably 1.0 and 12.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 3.0 and 11.0 MPa absolute, preferably between 5.0 and 11.0 MPa absolute, very preferably between 6.0 and 10.0 MPa absolute, to obtain at least one crude polymer solution; then b) a section for purifying the polymer solution, comprising: b1) a subsection for separating insolubles; and/or b2) a washing subsection, by contact with a dense solution; and/or
- purification section b) comprises: b1) a sub-step for separating the insolubles to obtain a clarified polymer solution and an insoluble fraction; then b4) a sub-step of adsorption of the impurities by contact of the clarified polymer solution with an adsorbent, to obtain at least one refined polymer solution.
- a filler from plastic waste and containing 95% by weight of polyethylene (PE) is introduced in the form of flakes into an extruder heated to 180°C.
- the feedstock is at least partly in molten form and is mixed with a solvent comprising 99% n-pentane and previously heated to 180°C, according to a solvent/filler mass ratio of 9/1.
- the mixture of solvent and filler is introduced into a stirred reactor and heated to 180° C., and maintained at 16 MPa absolute, for a residence time of 1 hour. A polymer solution is then obtained.
- the polymer solution resulting from dissolution step a) is then subjected to purification step b):
- the polymer solution is continuously withdrawn from the stirred reactor and passes through three filters placed in series, maintained at 180° C. and having cut-off diameters of 500 pm, 100 pm and 10 pm respectively (in that order).
- the pressure loss on the filters is 0.05 MPa.
- the clarified polymer solution passes through an adsorption section comprising a bed of activated carbon particles with a contact time of 2 hours then a filter allowing the activated carbon particles to be retained.
- This adsorption section is operated at 180°C. It leads to a pressure loss of 0.2 MPa.
- the purified polymer solution resulting from purification step b) is then subjected to a solvent-polymer separation step c) comprising a supercritical section:
- the purified polymer solution resulting from the adsorption section is then heated to 210° C., the pressure being slightly lower than 16 MPa (dissolution pressure minus the pressure losses induced in the sections of step b) of purification).
- the polymer solution is then expanded to 4 MPa absolute then injected into a decanter maintained at 4 MPa abs and 210°C and for a residence time of 5 minutes.
- Two phases are formed: an upper phase comprising mainly n-pentane solvent in the supercritical state and a lower liquid phase comprising polyethylene dissolved in n-pentane solvent.
- the upper phase is withdrawn from the upper part of the decanter.
- the lower liquid phase is then subjected to evaporation of the residual solvent in two successive evaporation sections: firstly at a temperature of 210°C and a pressure of 0.5 MPa for 5 minutes, then secondly at a temperature of 210°C and a pressure of 0.01 MPa for 2 minutes.
- Solid A composed of purified polyethylene (PE) is obtained. Solid A is analyzed.
- the solid A obtained is almost colorless and almost translucent and includes less than 5% by weight of impurities and less than 1% by weight of n-pentane.
- the purified polymer solution resulting from purification step b) is subjected to a solvent-polymer separation step not including a supercritical section:
- the purified polymer solution from the adsorption section is maintained at 180°C and expanded to 2 MPa absolute then injected into a decanter maintained at 2 MPa abs and 180°C, for a residence time of 5 minutes.
- Two phases are formed: an upper gaseous phase composed of n-pentane solvent and a lower liquid phase comprising polyethylene dissolved in n-pentane solvent.
- the gas phase is withdrawn from the upper part of the decanter.
- the lower liquid phase is then subjected to evaporation of the residual solvent, firstly at a temperature of 210°C and a pressure of 0.5 MPa for 5 minutes, then secondly at a temperature of 210°C and a pressure of 0.01 MPa for 2 minutes.
- Solid B composed of purified polyethylene (PE) is obtained.
- Solid B is analyzed.
- the solid B obtained is almost colorless and almost translucent and comprises less than 5% by weight of impurities and less than 1% by weight of n-pentane.
- the content of impurities (organic compounds excluding dissolution solvent) of solid B is higher than that measured in solid A obtained in Example 1 in accordance with the invention.
- the energy consumption necessary for the polymer-solvent separation is greater than the energy consumption necessary for the polymer-solvent separation of the process described in Example 1, that is to say when separation polymer-solvent includes a supercritical phase section.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202380045469.4A CN119325420A (zh) | 2022-06-14 | 2023-06-05 | 使用轻质烃溶剂再循环用过的基于聚乙烯的塑料的方法 |
| KR1020247039567A KR20250022664A (ko) | 2022-06-14 | 2023-06-05 | 경질 탄화수소 용매를 이용한 폴리에틸렌 기반의 사용된 플라스틱의 재활용 방법 |
| CA3251329A CA3251329A1 (fr) | 2022-06-14 | 2023-06-05 | Procede de recyclage de plastiques usages a base de polyethylene utilisant un solvant hydrocarbone leger |
| EP23727390.9A EP4540036A1 (fr) | 2022-06-14 | 2023-06-05 | Procede de recyclage de plastiques usages a base de polyethylene utilisant un solvant hydrocarbone leger |
| JP2024573255A JP2025523422A (ja) | 2022-06-14 | 2023-06-05 | 軽質炭化水素溶媒を用いるポリエチレンをベースとする使用済みプラスチックのリサイクル方法 |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| FRFR2205773 | 2022-06-14 | ||
| FR2205773A FR3136470B1 (fr) | 2022-06-14 | 2022-06-14 | Procede de recyclage de plastiques usages a base de polyethylene utilisant un solvant hydrocarbone leger |
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| WO2023241978A1 true WO2023241978A1 (fr) | 2023-12-21 |
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| PCT/EP2023/065000 Ceased WO2023241978A1 (fr) | 2022-06-14 | 2023-06-05 | Procede de recyclage de plastiques usages a base de polyethylene utilisant un solvant hydrocarbone leger |
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| Country | Link |
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| EP (1) | EP4540036A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2025523422A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20250022664A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN119325420A (fr) |
| AR (1) | AR129597A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3251329A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3136470B1 (fr) |
| TW (1) | TW202407012A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023241978A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025046485A1 (fr) * | 2023-09-01 | 2025-03-06 | Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. | Procédé de purification de polyéthylène recyclé |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3112406A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-04 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Procédé de purification de polyoléfines contaminées |
| US20170002110A1 (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method For Purifying Contaminated Polymers |
| EP3339360A1 (fr) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Procédé de purification de polyéthylène recyclé |
| WO2018114047A1 (fr) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-28 | Apk Ag | Solvant et procédé destiné à séparer par dissolution un plastique d'un solide à l'intérieur d'une suspension |
| US20180208736A1 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-07-26 | Solvay Sa | A process for the treatment of a composition comprising thermoplastics |
| US20190390032A1 (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method For Purifying Reclaimed Polyethylene |
-
2022
- 2022-06-14 FR FR2205773A patent/FR3136470B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-06-05 CN CN202380045469.4A patent/CN119325420A/zh active Pending
- 2023-06-05 KR KR1020247039567A patent/KR20250022664A/ko active Pending
- 2023-06-05 CA CA3251329A patent/CA3251329A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-06-05 WO PCT/EP2023/065000 patent/WO2023241978A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-05 JP JP2024573255A patent/JP2025523422A/ja active Pending
- 2023-06-05 EP EP23727390.9A patent/EP4540036A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-06-12 AR ARP230101504A patent/AR129597A1/es unknown
- 2023-06-14 TW TW112122132A patent/TW202407012A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3112406A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-04 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Procédé de purification de polyoléfines contaminées |
| US20170002110A1 (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method For Purifying Contaminated Polymers |
| US20180208736A1 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-07-26 | Solvay Sa | A process for the treatment of a composition comprising thermoplastics |
| EP3339360A1 (fr) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Procédé de purification de polyéthylène recyclé |
| WO2018114047A1 (fr) | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-28 | Apk Ag | Solvant et procédé destiné à séparer par dissolution un plastique d'un solide à l'intérieur d'une suspension |
| US20190390032A1 (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method For Purifying Reclaimed Polyethylene |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025046485A1 (fr) * | 2023-09-01 | 2025-03-06 | Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. | Procédé de purification de polyéthylène recyclé |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2025523422A (ja) | 2025-07-23 |
| KR20250022664A (ko) | 2025-02-17 |
| TW202407012A (zh) | 2024-02-16 |
| CA3251329A1 (fr) | 2023-12-21 |
| AR129597A1 (es) | 2024-09-11 |
| FR3136470B1 (fr) | 2026-01-16 |
| FR3136470A1 (fr) | 2023-12-15 |
| EP4540036A1 (fr) | 2025-04-23 |
| CN119325420A (zh) | 2025-01-17 |
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