WO2024005454A1 - Procédé et dispositif de gestion de faisceau à l'aide de l'intelligence artificielle et de l'apprentissage machine - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de gestion de faisceau à l'aide de l'intelligence artificielle et de l'apprentissage machine Download PDF

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WO2024005454A1
WO2024005454A1 PCT/KR2023/008731 KR2023008731W WO2024005454A1 WO 2024005454 A1 WO2024005454 A1 WO 2024005454A1 KR 2023008731 W KR2023008731 W KR 2023008731W WO 2024005454 A1 WO2024005454 A1 WO 2024005454A1
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reference signal
terminal
information
base station
result information
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Korean (ko)
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이은종
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KT Corp
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KT Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N20/00—Machine learning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a beam management method and device using artificial intelligence and machine learning in a wireless communication system.
  • 3GPP continues research and development on wireless communication technology.
  • 5G New RAT, NR
  • next-generation wireless communication technology e.g. 6G.
  • Beamforming techniques can be broadly divided into digital beamforming, which changes the amplitude and phase of the signal by multiplying the baseband signal by a complex value, and analog beamforming, which applies phase shift to the RF signal itself.
  • digital beamforming which changes the amplitude and phase of the signal by multiplying the baseband signal by a complex value
  • analog beamforming which applies phase shift to the RF signal itself.
  • hybrid beam forming technology that combines two beam forming techniques and applies digital signal processing to the baseband signal and phase shifter control at the RF stage. This beam forming technology can be applied to next-generation wireless communication technology to satisfy various user needs.
  • the present embodiments seek to provide a beam management method and device using artificial intelligence and machine learning in a wireless communication system.
  • these embodiments provide a method for a user equipment (UE) to perform beam management, including receiving reference signal resource configuration information from a base station and measuring a reference signal based on the reference signal resource configuration information.
  • a method comprising performing an operation and transmitting at least one of measurement result information for a reference signal or reference signal inference result information derived using measurement result information for a reference signal to a base station can be provided. there is.
  • the present embodiments relate to a method for a base station to perform beam management, including transmitting reference signal resource configuration information to a terminal, transmitting a reference signal according to the reference signal resource configuration information, and measuring the reference signal.
  • a method may be provided including the step of receiving at least one of result information or reference signal inference result information derived using measurement result information for a reference signal from a terminal.
  • the present embodiments include a receiver that receives reference signal resource configuration information from a base station in a user equipment (UE) that performs beam management, and a measurement operation for a reference signal based on the reference signal resource configuration information.
  • a terminal device including a control unit that performs and a transmitter that transmits at least one of measurement result information for a reference signal or reference signal inference result information derived using measurement result information for a reference signal to a base station.
  • the present embodiments include a base station performing beam management, transmitting reference signal resource configuration information to a terminal, a transmitter that transmits a reference signal according to the reference signal resource configuration information, and measurement result information for the reference signal.
  • a base station device may be provided including a receiving unit that receives at least one piece of reference signal inference result information derived using measurement result information for a reference signal from a terminal.
  • effects such as reduced system overhead and improved accuracy can be provided by performing beam management using artificial intelligence and machine learning in a wireless communication system.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram briefly illustrating the structure of an NR wireless communication system to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram for explaining the frame structure in an NR system to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a resource grid supported by wireless access technology to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram for explaining the bandwidth part supported by the wireless access technology to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating a synchronization signal block in a wireless access technology to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • Figure 6 is a diagram for explaining a random access procedure in wireless access technology to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram to explain CORESET.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an operation in which two terminals at different locations perform initial beam measurement when a base station performs a beam transmission operation.
  • Figure 9 is an example diagram for explaining the initial access procedure of a terminal and a base station.
  • Figure 10 is an example diagram for explaining a candidate beam setting operation for a terminal.
  • Figure 11 is a diagram to explain an example of beam measurement and beam prediction operations using artificial intelligence.
  • Figure 12 is a diagram to explain another example of beam measurement and beam prediction operations using artificial intelligence.
  • Figure 13 is a diagram for explaining terminal operations according to one embodiment.
  • Figure 14 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a base station according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a beam transmission pattern of a base station according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 16 is a diagram for explaining terminal operations when an artificial intelligence model according to an embodiment is shared with the terminal.
  • Figure 17 is a diagram for explaining terminal operation when an artificial intelligence model according to another embodiment is not shared with the terminal.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a beam measurement time window operation for each terminal according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a beam prediction operation according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 20 is a signal diagram for explaining beam measurement and beam prediction operations in the initial access process according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 21 is a signal diagram for explaining an operation when a base station performs beam prediction according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 22 is a signal diagram for explaining an operation when a terminal performs beam prediction according to another embodiment.
  • Figure 23 is a signal diagram for explaining beam measurement and reporting operations of a Legacy terminal according to another embodiment.
  • Figure 24 is a diagram showing the configuration of a terminal according to one embodiment.
  • Figure 25 is a diagram showing the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment.
  • first, second, A, B, (a), and (b) may be used. These terms are only used to distinguish the component from other components, and the nature, sequence, order, or number of the components are not limited by the term.
  • temporal precedence relationships such as “after”, “after”, “after”, “before”, etc.
  • non-continuous cases may be included unless “immediately” or “directly” is used.
  • the numerical value or corresponding information e.g., level, etc.
  • the numerical value or corresponding information is related to various factors (e.g., process factors, internal or external shocks, It can be interpreted as including the error range that may occur due to noise, etc.).
  • the wireless communication system in this specification refers to a system for providing various communication services such as voice and data packets using wireless resources, and may include a terminal, a base station, or a core network.
  • the present embodiments disclosed below can be applied to wireless communication systems using various wireless access technologies.
  • the present embodiments include code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), and single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA).
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • wireless access technology not only refers to a specific access technology, but also refers to communication technology for each generation established by various communication consultative organizations such as 3GPP, 3GPP2, WiFi, Bluetooth, IEEE, and ITU.
  • CDMA can be implemented as a wireless technology such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA2000.
  • TDMA may be implemented with wireless technologies such as global system for mobile communications (GSM)/general packet radio service (GPRS)/enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE).
  • OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), etc.
  • IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e and provides backward compatibility with systems based on IEEE 802.16e.
  • UTRA is part of the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS).
  • 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) LTE long term evolution) is a part of E-UMTS (evolved UMTS) that uses E-UTRA (evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio access), employing OFDMA in the downlink and SC- in the uplink.
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • the present embodiments can be applied to wireless access technologies currently disclosed or commercialized, and can also be applied to wireless access technologies currently under development or to be developed in the future.
  • the terminal in this specification is a comprehensive concept meaning a device including a wireless communication module that communicates with a base station in a wireless communication system, and is used in WCDMA, LTE, NR, HSPA, and IMT-2020 (5G or New Radio), etc. It should be interpreted as a concept that includes not only UE (User Equipment), but also MS (Mobile Station), UT (User Terminal), SS (Subscriber Station), and wireless devices in GSM.
  • a terminal may be a user portable device such as a smart phone depending on the type of use, and in a V2X communication system, it may mean a vehicle, a device including a wireless communication module within the vehicle, etc.
  • a machine type communication system it may mean an MTC terminal, M2M terminal, URLLC terminal, etc. equipped with a communication module to perform machine type communication.
  • the base station or cell in this specification refers to an end point that communicates with a terminal in terms of a network, and includes Node-B (Node-B), evolved Node-B (eNB), gNode-B (gNB), Low Power Node (LPN), Sector, site, various types of antennas, BTS (Base Transceiver System), access point, point (e.g. transmission point, reception point, transmission/reception point), relay node ), mega cell, macro cell, micro cell, pico cell, femto cell, RRH (Remote Radio Head), RU (Radio Unit), and small cell.
  • a cell may mean including a bandwidth part (BWP) in the frequency domain.
  • a serving cell may mean the UE's Activation BWP.
  • base station can be interpreted in two ways. 1) It may be the device itself that provides mega cells, macro cells, micro cells, pico cells, femto cells, and small cells in relation to the wireless area, or 2) it may indicate the wireless area itself. In 1), all devices providing a predetermined wireless area are controlled by the same entity or all devices that interact to collaboratively configure the wireless area are directed to the base station. Depending on how the wireless area is configured, a point, transmission/reception point, transmission point, reception point, etc. become an example of a base station. In 2), the wireless area itself where signals are received or transmitted from the user terminal's perspective or the neighboring base station's perspective may be indicated to the base station.
  • a cell refers to the coverage of a signal transmitted from a transmission/reception point, a component carrier having coverage of a signal transmitted from a transmission point or transmission/reception point, or the transmission/reception point itself. You can.
  • Uplink refers to a method of transmitting and receiving data from a terminal to a base station
  • downlink Downlink (Downlink, DL, or downlink) refers to a method of transmitting and receiving data from a base station to a terminal.
  • Downlink may refer to communication or a communication path from multiple transmission/reception points to a terminal
  • uplink may refer to communication or a communication path from a terminal to multiple transmission/reception points.
  • the transmitter may be part of a multiple transmission/reception point
  • the receiver may be part of the terminal.
  • a transmitter may be part of a terminal, and a receiver may be part of a multiple transmission/reception point.
  • Uplink and downlink transmit and receive control information through control channels such as PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel) and PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel), and PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel), PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared CHannel), etc.
  • Data is transmitted and received by configuring the same data channel.
  • the situation in which signals are transmitted and received through channels such as PUCCH, PUSCH, PDCCH and PDSCH may be expressed as 'transmitting and receiving PUCCH, PUSCH, PDCCH and PDSCH'. do.
  • 3GPP develops 5G (5th-Generation) communication technology to meet the requirements of ITU-R's next-generation wireless access technology.
  • 3GPP develops LTE-A pro, which is a 5G communication technology that improves LTE-Advanced technology to meet the requirements of ITU-R, and a new NR communication technology that is separate from 4G communication technology.
  • LTE-A pro and NR refer to 5G communication technology, and hereinafter, 5G communication technology will be explained focusing on NR in cases where a specific communication technology is not specified.
  • the operating scenario in NR defines a variety of operating scenarios by adding consideration of satellites, automobiles, and new verticals to the existing 4G LTE scenario, and in terms of service, the eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband) scenario has a high terminal density but is wide. It is deployed in a wide range of applications, supporting mMTC (Massive Machine Communication) scenarios that require low data rates and asynchronous connections, and URLLC (Ultra Reliability and Low Latency) scenarios that require high responsiveness and reliability and can support high-speed mobility. .
  • mMTC Massive Machine Communication
  • URLLC Ultra Reliability and Low Latency
  • NR is launching a wireless communication system with new waveform and frame structure technology, low latency technology, ultra-high frequency band (mmWave) support technology, and forward compatible technology.
  • mmWave ultra-high frequency band
  • the NR system proposes various technical changes in terms of flexibility to provide forward compatibility. The main technical features of NR are explained below with reference to the drawings.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram briefly illustrating the structure of an NR system to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • the NR system is divided into 5GC (5G Core Network) and NR-RAN parts, and NG-RAN controls the user plane (SDAP/PDCP/RLC/MAC/PHY) and UE (User Equipment). It consists of gNB and ng-eNB providing flat (RRC) protocol termination. gNB interconnection or gNB and ng-eNB are interconnected through Xn interface. gNB and ng-eNB are each connected to 5GC through the NG interface.
  • 5GC may be composed of an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), which is responsible for the control plane such as terminal access and mobility control functions, and a User Plane Function (UPF), which is responsible for controlling user data.
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • NR includes support for both the frequency band below 6GHz (FR1, Frequency Range 1) and the frequency band above 6GHz (FR2, Frequency Range 2).
  • gNB refers to a base station that provides NR user plane and control plane protocol termination to the terminal
  • ng-eNB refers to a base station that provides E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol termination to the terminal.
  • the base station described in this specification should be understood to encompass gNB and ng-eNB, and may be used to refer to gNB or ng-eNB separately, if necessary.
  • the CP-OFDM wave form using a cyclic prefix is used for downlink transmission, and CP-OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM is used for uplink transmission.
  • OFDM technology is easy to combine with MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) and has the advantage of being able to use a low-complexity receiver with high frequency efficiency.
  • the NR transmission numerology is determined based on sub-carrier spacing and CP (Cyclic prefix), and as shown in Table 1 below, the ⁇ value is used as an exponent value of 2 based on 15 kHz, resulting in an exponential is changed to
  • NR's numerology can be divided into five types depending on the subcarrier spacing. This is different from the subcarrier spacing of LTE, one of the 4G communication technologies, which is fixed at 15kHz. Specifically, the subcarrier intervals used for data transmission in NR are 15, 30, 60, and 120 kHz, and the subcarrier intervals used for synchronization signal transmission are 15, 30, 120, and 240 kHz. Additionally, the extended CP applies only to the 60kHz subcarrier spacing. Meanwhile, the frame structure in NR is defined as a frame with a length of 10ms consisting of 10 subframes with the same length of 1ms. One frame can be divided into half-frames of 5ms, and each half-frame contains 5 subframes. In the case of 15 kHz subcarrier spacing, one subframe consists of one slot, and each slot consists of 14 OFDM symbols.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram for explaining the frame structure in an NR system to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • a slot is fixedly composed of 14 OFDM symbols in the case of normal CP, but the length of the slot in the time domain may vary depending on the subcarrier spacing.
  • a slot in the case of numerology with a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing, a slot is 1 ms long and has the same length as a subframe.
  • a slot in the case of numerology with a 30 kHz subcarrier spacing, a slot consists of 14 OFDM symbols, but two slots can be included in one subframe with a length of 0.5 ms. That is, subframes and frames are defined with a fixed time length, and slots are defined by the number of symbols, so the time length may vary depending on the subcarrier interval.
  • NR defines the basic unit of scheduling as a slot, and also introduces a mini-slot (or sub-slot or non-slot based schedule) to reduce transmission delay in the wireless section.
  • a mini-slot or sub-slot or non-slot based schedule
  • the length of one slot is shortened in inverse proportion, so transmission delay in the wireless section can be reduced.
  • Mini-slots are designed to efficiently support URLLC scenarios and can be scheduled in units of 2, 4, or 7 symbols.
  • NR defines uplink and downlink resource allocation at the symbol level within one slot.
  • a slot structure that can transmit HARQ ACK/NACK directly within the transmission slot has been defined, and this slot structure is described as a self-contained structure.
  • NR is designed to support a total of 256 slot formats, of which 62 slot formats are used in 3GPP Rel-15. In addition, it supports a common frame structure that forms an FDD or TDD frame through a combination of various slots. For example, a slot structure in which all slot symbols are set to downlink, a slot structure in which all symbols are set to uplink, and a slot structure in which downlink symbols and uplink symbols are combined are supported. Additionally, NR supports scheduling data transmission distributed over one or more slots. Therefore, the base station can use a slot format indicator (SFI) to inform the terminal whether the slot is a downlink slot, an uplink slot, or a flexible slot.
  • SFI slot format indicator
  • the base station can indicate the slot format by indicating the index of the table configured through UE-specific RRC signaling using SFI, and can indicate it dynamically through DCI (Downlink Control Information) or statically or through RRC. It can also be indicated semi-statically.
  • DCI Downlink Control Information
  • antenna port For Physical resources in NR, antenna port, resource grid, resource element, resource block, bandwidth part, etc. are considered. do.
  • An antenna port is defined so that a channel carrying a symbol on the antenna port can be inferred from a channel carrying another symbol on the same antenna port. If the large-scale properties of the channel carrying the symbols on one antenna port can be inferred from the channel carrying the symbols on the other antenna port, the two antenna ports are quasi co-located or QC/QCL. It can be said that they are in a quasi co-location relationship.
  • the wide range characteristics include one or more of delay spread, Doppler spread, frequency shift, average received power, and received timing.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a resource grid supported by wireless access technology to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • a resource grid may exist for each numerology. Additionally, resource grids may exist depending on antenna ports, subcarrier spacing, and transmission direction.
  • a resource block consists of 12 subcarriers and is defined only in the frequency domain. Additionally, a resource element consists of one OFDM symbol and one subcarrier. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the size of one resource block may vary depending on the subcarrier spacing. Additionally, NR defines "Point A", which serves as a common reference point for the resource block grid, common resource blocks, virtual resource blocks, etc.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram for explaining the bandwidth part supported by the wireless access technology to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • the terminal can use a designated bandwidth part (BWP) within the carrier bandwidth as shown in FIG. 4. Additionally, the bandwidth part is linked to one numerology and consists of a subset of consecutive common resource blocks, and can be activated dynamically over time.
  • the terminal is configured with up to four bandwidth parts for each uplink and downlink, and data is transmitted and received using the bandwidth parts activated at a given time.
  • the uplink and downlink bandwidth parts are set independently, and in the case of an unpaired spectrum, to prevent unnecessary frequency re-tunning between downlink and uplink operations.
  • the bandwidth parts of the downlink and uplink are set in pairs so that they can share the center frequency.
  • the terminal performs cell search and random access procedures to connect to the base station and perform communication.
  • Cell search is a procedure in which the terminal synchronizes to the cell of the base station, obtains a physical layer cell ID, and obtains system information using a synchronization signal block (SSB) transmitted by the base station.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating a synchronization signal block in a wireless access technology to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • the SSB is composed of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), each occupying 1 symbol and 127 subcarriers, and a PBCH spanning 3 OFDM symbols and 240 subcarriers.
  • PSS primary synchronization signal
  • SSS secondary synchronization signal
  • the terminal monitors the SSB in the time and frequency domains and receives the SSB.
  • SSB can be transmitted up to 64 times in 5ms. Multiple SSBs are transmitted through different transmission beams within 5ms, and the terminal performs detection assuming that SSBs are transmitted every 20ms period based on one specific beam used for transmission.
  • the number of beams that can be used for SSB transmission within 5ms time can increase as the frequency band becomes higher. For example, up to 4 different SSB beams can be transmitted under 3 GHz, up to 8 different beams can be used in the frequency band from 3 to 6 GHz, and up to 64 different beams can be used in the frequency band above 6 GHz.
  • Two SSBs are included in one slot, and the start symbol and number of repetitions within the slot are determined according to the subcarrier spacing as follows.
  • SSB is not transmitted at the center frequency of the carrier bandwidth.
  • SSBs can be transmitted even in places other than the center of the system band, and when broadband operation is supported, multiple SSBs can be transmitted in the frequency domain.
  • the terminal monitors the SSB using a synchronization raster, which is a candidate frequency location for monitoring the SSB.
  • the carrier raster and synchronization raster which are the center frequency location information of the channel for initial access, have been newly defined in NR, and the synchronization raster has a wider frequency interval than the carrier raster, supporting fast SSB search of the terminal. You can.
  • the UE can obtain the MIB through the PBCH of the SSB.
  • MIB Master Information Block
  • the PBCH includes information about the location of the first DM-RS symbol in the time domain, information for the terminal to monitor SIB1 (e.g., SIB1 numerology information, information related to SIB1 CORESET, search space information, PDCCH (related parameter information, etc.), offset information between the common resource block and the SSB (the position of the absolute SSB within the carrier is transmitted through SIB1), etc.
  • SIB1 numerology information e.g., SIB1 numerology information, information related to SIB1 CORESET, search space information, PDCCH (related parameter information, etc.
  • PDCCH related parameter information, etc.
  • offset information between the common resource block and the SSB the position of the absolute SSB within the carrier is transmitted through SIB1
  • the SIB1 numerology information is equally applied to some messages used in the random access procedure for accessing the base station after the terminal completes the cell search procedure.
  • numerology information of SIB1 may be applied to at least one of messages 1 to 4 for the random access procedure.
  • the above-mentioned RMSI may mean SIB1 (System Information Block 1), and SIB1 is broadcast periodically (ex, 160ms) in the cell.
  • SIB1 contains information necessary for the terminal to perform the initial random access procedure and is transmitted periodically through PDSCH.
  • the terminal In order for the terminal to receive SIB1, it must receive numerology information used for SIB1 transmission and CORESET (Control Resource Set) information used for scheduling SIB1 through the PBCH.
  • CORESET Control Resource Set
  • the UE uses SI-RNTI in CORESET to check scheduling information for SIB1 and acquires SIB1 on the PDSCH according to the scheduling information. Except for SIB1, the remaining SIBs may be transmitted periodically or according to the request of the terminal.
  • Figure 6 is a diagram for explaining a random access procedure in wireless access technology to which this embodiment can be applied.
  • the terminal transmits a random access preamble for random access to the base station.
  • the random access preamble is transmitted through PRACH.
  • the random access preamble is transmitted to the base station through PRACH, which consists of continuous radio resources in a specific slot that is repeated periodically.
  • PRACH which consists of continuous radio resources in a specific slot that is repeated periodically.
  • BFR beam failure recovery
  • the terminal receives a random access response to the transmitted random access preamble.
  • the random access response may include a random access preamble identifier (ID), UL Grant (uplink radio resource), temporary C-RNTI (Temporary Cell - Radio Network Temporary Identifier), and TAC (Time Alignment Command). Since one random access response may include random access response information for one or more terminals, the random access preamble identifier may be included to indicate to which terminal the included UL Grant, temporary C-RNTI, and TAC are valid.
  • the random access preamble identifier may be an identifier for the random access preamble received by the base station. TAC may be included as information for the terminal to adjust uplink synchronization.
  • the random access response may be indicated by a random access identifier on the PDCCH, that is, RA-RNTI (Random Access - Radio Network Temporary Identifier).
  • the terminal that has received a valid random access response processes the information included in the random access response and performs scheduled transmission to the base station. For example, the terminal applies TAC and stores temporary C-RNTI. Additionally, using the UL Grant, data stored in the terminal's buffer or newly generated data is transmitted to the base station. In this case, information that can identify the terminal must be included.
  • the terminal receives a downlink message to resolve contention.
  • the downlink control channel in NR is transmitted in CORESET (Control Resource Set) with a length of 1 to 3 symbols, and transmits uplink/downlink scheduling information, SFI (Slot format Index), and TPC (Transmit Power Control) information. .
  • CORESET Control Resource Set
  • SFI Slot format Index
  • TPC Transmit Power Control
  • CORESET Control Resource Set
  • the terminal may decode the control channel candidate using one or more search spaces in the CORESET time-frequency resource.
  • QCL Quad CoLocation
  • Figure 7 is a diagram to explain CORESET.
  • CORESET may exist in various forms within one slot and within the carrier bandwidth, and in the time domain, CORESET may be composed of up to three OFDM symbols. Additionally, CORESET is defined as a multiple of 6 resource blocks from the frequency domain to the carrier bandwidth.
  • the first CORESET is directed through the MIB as part of the initial bandwidth part configuration to enable it to receive additional configuration and system information from the network.
  • the terminal After establishing a connection with the base station, the terminal can receive and configure one or more CORESET information through RRC signaling.
  • frequencies, frames, subframes, resources, resource blocks, regions, bands, subbands, control channels, data channels, synchronization signals, various reference signals, various signals, or various messages related to NR can be interpreted in a variety of meanings that may be used in the past or present, or may be used in the future.
  • This disclosure relates to technology for performing beam management using artificial intelligence (AI/ML).
  • AI/ML artificial intelligence
  • the present disclosure sets minimum beam measurement section information to enable the terminal to efficiently measure the optimal beam for deployed AI/ML for a cell capable of performing beam management using AI/ML, This relates to a beam management method using this.
  • models that are applied to wireless communication technology and derive preset output values based on input values are described as artificial intelligence models, artificial intelligence, AI/ML, etc. However, this is for explanation purposes, and other terms meaning providing output values for input values using artificial intelligence or machine learning technology may be used.
  • the beam described in this specification refers to the transmission of a signal to which digital beam forming, analog beam forming, and hybrid beam forming are applied.
  • the signal may include a reference signal such as CSI or SSB, and can be understood to include various shared channels that transmit data.
  • a beam does not mean a specific signal from a signal perspective, but can be understood as signal transmission differentiated according to a beam forming technique.
  • the beam management method of 3GPP NR can be divided into an initial access stage and a stage after cell connection establishment.
  • the terminal performing the initial access procedure sets the initial Tx/Rx beam of the terminal through the RACH procedure.
  • gNB tx to a terminal without cell connection.
  • the base station periodically and repeatedly transmits SSBs to which beams in different directions are mapped (e.g., in the default case, SSBs are transmitted within 5 ms at a period of 20 ms).
  • the UE can select a qualified SSB through signal measurement for periodically transmitted SSBs and inform the base station of information about the selected tx beam by transmitting a PRACH preamble mapped to the SSB.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an operation in which two terminals at different locations perform initial beam measurement when a base station performs a beam transmission operation.
  • the base station can transmit a synchronization signal block (SSB) using some time and frequency resources within a preset frame.
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • the base station can form various beams and perform a beam sweeping operation.
  • beams may be transmitted spatially separated from beam indices 0 to 11. If UE 1 performs measurement on the corresponding SSB, as shown in FIG. 8, the signal intensity for beam index 3 matching the beam direction will appear the highest, and the intensity for surrounding beams will be measured to be low. Likewise, UE 2 will measure the highest signal strength for beam index 9 as a location characteristic.
  • Each terminal can perform initial access to the base station by performing a random access procedure based on the signal strength measurement results for the SSB.
  • Figure 9 is an example diagram for explaining the initial access procedure of a terminal and a base station.
  • the terminal receives cell-related parameters (e.g., PRACH information corresponding to each SSB) information required in the initial access stage through a system information message.
  • the corresponding parameter information may be received through master information block (MIB) and/or system information block 1 (SIB1).
  • MIB master information block
  • SIB1 system information block 1
  • the terminal measures RSRP for periodically transmitted SSB.
  • the terminal performs beam selection based on the SSB measurement results. For example, the terminal may select the beam showing the highest RSRP based on the measurement results.
  • the terminal may transmit a random access preamble related to the selected beam.
  • the terminal can receive a random access response to the transmitted random access preamble through the selected beam. Afterwards, access to the initial cell can be performed through transmission and reception of Msg 3 and Msg 4.
  • a base station that does not know the location/beam information of the first entering terminal i.e., a terminal performing CBRA (Contention Based Random Access procedure)
  • CBRA Contention Based Random Access procedure
  • the terminal performs an operation of sequentially measuring all beams to find the optimal beam at its location. This not only causes time delays in beam selection and cell connection as the number of beams in a cell increases, but also causes the terminal to measure a large number of beams, which may cause the terminal to increase its power consumption.
  • the base station can identify the approximate location/beam of the initially connected terminal by mapping a wider beam for the SSB, and set a narrow beam through a beam refinement operation after the terminal accesses the cell.
  • narrow beam provides a high data rate to the terminal
  • the base station allocates CSI resources (CSI-RS/SSB) to which candidate beams are mapped to the terminal in a UE-specific manner, allowing the terminal to continuously measure the surrounding beam strength and report the measurement results to the base station. This can be set by the base station in the terminal through CSI resource configuration and CSI report configuration.
  • the terminal that has received beam reporting performs CSI reporting based on the base station's settings based on the RS (Reference Signal) measurement assigned to it.
  • RS Reference Signal
  • this UE-specific CSI configuration method has a problem in that as the number of UEs in a cell increases, the RS resources allocated per UE also rapidly increase.
  • Figure 10 is an example diagram for explaining a candidate beam setting operation for a terminal.
  • the base station may select a method of allocating the same candidate beam (CSI resource) to UEs in similar locations as shown in FIG. 10 (UE group-specific CSI resource configuration).
  • CSI resource CSI resource
  • FIG. 10 UE group-specific CSI resource configuration
  • an issue arises in which new candidate beam resources must be allocated to terminals outside the corresponding resource area. That is, in a situation where CSI resource set #1 is allocated to UE 1 as shown in 1000 in FIG. 10 and CSI resource set #2 is allocated to UE 2, if UE 2 moves to UE 1 as shown in 1010, UE 2 CSI resource set #1 must be newly allocated to . Additionally, CSI resource set #2 must be newly allocated to UE 3 and UE 4.
  • the terminal experiences frequent RRC resetting, and candidate beam resetting through RRC causes a relatively large delay. This may cause beam interruption.
  • the base station will be able to operate candidate beams by appropriately increasing the number of beams belonging to the CSI resource set.
  • the burden of measurement increases due to the increased number of beams.
  • 3GPP is considering applying AI/ML models to improve delay and terminal power consumption in beam search.
  • use cases may be included as follows.
  • o CSI feedback enhancement e.g., overhead reduction, improved accuracy, prediction.
  • Beam management e.g., beam prediction in time, and/or spatial domain for overhead and latency reduction, beam selection accuracy improvement.
  • BM-Case 1 Spatial-domain DL beam prediction for Set A of beams based on measurement results of Set B of beams
  • BM-Case2 Temporal DL beam prediction for Set A of beams based on the historic measurement results of Set B of beams
  • Set B is a subset of Set A
  • Set A and Set B are different (e.g. Set A consists of narrow beams and Set B consists of wide beams)
  • Set A is for DL beam prediction and Set B is for DL beam measurement.
  • Beam management operation in conventional NR causes problems of increased system overhead and increased power consumption of the terminal as the number of beams and terminals increases.
  • the terminal goes through a process of selecting an initial beam after measuring all beams, which may cause a delay in cell connection.
  • the present embodiments seek to propose a specific operation for predicting beam measurement using an AI/ML model in this situation.
  • the beam of Set A is predicted using an artificial intelligence model
  • Set B is the beam used for measurement to predict Set A.
  • the relationship between Set A and Set B can be considered in various ways.
  • Figure 11 is a diagram to explain an example of beam measurement and beam prediction operations using artificial intelligence.
  • the intensity of the beam for Set A is predicted through measurement of beams belonging to Set B.
  • Set B may be a subset of Set A.
  • prediction results for beams #0, 1, 2, 3, ..., 12 included in Set A can be derived. You can. Therefore, Set B may be composed of a subset included in Set A.
  • Figure 12 is a diagram to explain another example of beam measurement and beam prediction operations using artificial intelligence.
  • the intensity of the beam for Set A is predicted through measurement of beams belonging to Set B.
  • Set B may consist of a different beam than Set A.
  • Set B may consist of a wide beam and Set A may consist of a narrow beam.
  • prediction results for beams #0, 1, 2, 3, ..., 11 included in Set A can be derived using the wide beam measurement results of beams #13, 14, and 15 included in Set B. You can. Therefore, Set B may be composed of a different beam from Set A.
  • beams are selected by measuring signals of different beams mapped to the SSB of the base station.
  • the base station uses a method of sequentially mapping up to 64 beams to 64 SSBs and transmitting them. Therefore, in order for the terminal to obtain an effect in measurement using the AI/ML model, it is required to know the beam pattern information in advance or for the base station to transmit a beam in a pattern that is easy for the terminal to measure.
  • the beam pattern may have different configurations depending on the base station implementation, it is difficult to standardize. If an AI/ML model that has been trained for a specific/general base station beam is implemented in the base station, additional information for beam measurement suitable for this can be transmitted to the terminal to enable the terminal to efficiently measure and select the beam.
  • the base station will have to basically support beam sweeping.
  • Figure 13 is a diagram for explaining terminal operations according to one embodiment.
  • a user equipment may perform a step of receiving reference signal resource configuration information from a base station (S1310).
  • the reference signal resource configuration information may include parameters necessary for the terminal to measure the reference signal transmitted from the base station to the terminal.
  • the reference signal may refer to a reference signal for beam measurement such as the above-described SSB and CSI-RS.
  • the reference signal resource configuration information may include at least one of reference signal resource set information and minimum beam measurement time information corresponding to the reference signal resource set.
  • the reference signal resource set information may include a set of time-frequency resources through which the reference signal is transmitted.
  • One or more reference signal resource set information may be included.
  • the minimum beam measurement time information may include information corresponding to a reference signal resource set and indicating the minimum measurement time at which the terminal must measure the corresponding reference signal beam.
  • Reference signal resource configuration information can be classified by type of reference signal and transmitted to the terminal. Additionally, reference signal resource configuration information may be configured in the terminal through at least one of system information, RRC message, and L1 signaling.
  • the terminal may perform a step of performing a measurement operation for a reference signal based on reference signal resource configuration information (S1320).
  • the terminal can measure the signal strength and/or signal quality for the reference signal by checking the resources and period for measuring the reference signal according to the reference signal resource configuration information.
  • the terminal can measure a specific reference signal for more than the minimum beam measurement time based on the reference signal resource set information and minimum beam measurement time information included in the reference signal resource configuration information.
  • the terminal may configure reference signal resource configuration information in the terminal and perform a measurement operation on the indicated reference signal based on L1 signaling received from the base station.
  • the signal strength and/or signal quality for the reference signal indicated over the minimum beam measurement time can be measured using the reference signal resource set information and minimum beam measurement time information.
  • the terminal may perform a step of transmitting at least one piece of information among the measurement result information for the reference signal or the reference signal inference result information derived using the measurement result information for the reference signal to the base station (S1330).
  • measurement result information about a reference signal can be used as an input value for an artificial intelligence model for beam management.
  • the RSRP and/or RSRQ for the reference signal measured by the terminal can be used as an input value for the artificial intelligence model along with the beam index of the reference signal to be measured.
  • the base station when the terminal transmits measurement result information for a reference signal to the base station, the base station inputs the measurement result information as an input value to the artificial intelligence model and obtains a predicted value for the beam as the output value of the artificial intelligence model.
  • the terminal may perform measurement on the beam of Set B and transmit the measurement result information to the base station, including the beam index for the beam included in Set B and the measurement result for each beam index.
  • the base station can obtain the predicted beam measurement result for Set A by inputting the measurement result information received from the terminal as an input value of the artificial intelligence model configured in the base station.
  • Set B may be composed of a subset of Set A or may be composed of different sets of beams.
  • the terminal may transmit reference signal inference result information to the base station.
  • the reference signal inference result information includes the output value derived by inputting the measurement result information for the reference signal into the artificial intelligence model for beam management. can do.
  • the reference signal inference result information may include at least one of an inference beam index derived from the output value and signal strength information corresponding to the inference beam index.
  • the inferred beam index may or may not include the beam included in the measurement result information.
  • the beam measured by the terminal may be for Set B.
  • the terminal can complete the measurement of the beam included in Set B and obtain the predicted beam measurement result for Set A by inputting the measurement result information as an input value of the artificial intelligence model configured in the terminal.
  • Set B may be composed of a subset of Set A or may be composed of different sets of beams.
  • the reference signal inference result information may include only inference information for a specific beam, or may include inference information for two or more beams.
  • the reference signal inference result information includes only inference result information (e.g., signal strength or signal quality prediction result) for a specific beam selected as the inference result best beam, or includes inference result information for two or more beams. can do.
  • the number of beams included in the reference signal inference result information, information to be included, etc. may be configured by the base station to the terminal.
  • the terminal and base station can predict beam measurement results for a large number of beams using a small number of beams. Therefore, the present disclosure can obtain accurate beam measurement results while reducing overall system overhead and reducing power consumption of the terminal.
  • Figure 14 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a base station according to an embodiment.
  • the base station may perform the step of transmitting reference signal resource configuration information to the terminal (S1410).
  • the reference signal resource configuration information may include parameters necessary for the terminal to measure the reference signal transmitted from the base station to the terminal.
  • the reference signal may refer to a reference signal for beam measurement such as the above-described SSB and CSI-RS.
  • the reference signal resource configuration information may include at least one of reference signal resource set information and minimum beam measurement time information corresponding to the reference signal resource set.
  • the reference signal resource set information may include a set of time-frequency resources through which the reference signal is transmitted.
  • One or more reference signal resource set information may be included.
  • the minimum beam measurement time information may include information corresponding to a reference signal resource set and indicating the minimum measurement time at which the terminal must measure the corresponding reference signal beam.
  • Reference signal resource configuration information can be classified by type of reference signal and transmitted to the terminal. Additionally, reference signal resource configuration information may be configured in the terminal through at least one of system information, RRC message, and L1 signaling.
  • the base station may perform the step of transmitting a reference signal according to the reference signal resource configuration information (S1420).
  • the base station transmits a reference signal with information set according to the reference signal resource configuration information.
  • the base station may transmit a reference signal using a beam pattern differentiated according to reference signal resource configuration information. That is, the base station can transmit a beam for the above-described Set B.
  • M beams are transmitted, but when reference signal resource configuration information is configured in the terminal, only N beams can be transmitted.
  • N is a natural number smaller than M.
  • the base station can transmit reference signals with a smaller number of beams than before, and the beam measurement results for all beams can be inferred using the output value of the artificial intelligence model.
  • the base station may perform a step of receiving from the terminal at least one of the measurement result information for the reference signal or the reference signal inference result information derived using the measurement result information for the reference signal (S1430).
  • measurement result information about a reference signal can be used as an input value for an artificial intelligence model for beam management.
  • the RSRP and/or RSRQ for the reference signal measured by the terminal can be used as an input value for the artificial intelligence model along with the beam index of the reference signal to be measured.
  • the base station when the terminal transmits measurement result information for a reference signal to the base station, the base station inputs the measurement result information as an input value to the artificial intelligence model and obtains a predicted value for the beam as the output value of the artificial intelligence model.
  • the terminal may perform measurement on the beam of Set B and transmit the measurement result information to the base station, including the beam index for the beam included in Set B and the measurement result for each beam index.
  • the base station can obtain the predicted beam measurement result for Set A by inputting the measurement result information received from the terminal as an input value of the artificial intelligence model configured in the base station.
  • Set B may be composed of a subset of Set A or may be composed of different sets of beams.
  • the base station may receive reference signal inference result information from the terminal.
  • the reference signal inference result information includes the output value derived by inputting the measurement result information for the reference signal into the artificial intelligence model for beam management. can do.
  • the reference signal inference result information may include at least one of an inference beam index derived from the output value and signal strength information corresponding to the inference beam index.
  • the inferred beam index may or may not include the beam included in the measurement result information.
  • the beam measured by the terminal may be for Set B.
  • the terminal can complete the measurement of the beam included in Set B and obtain the predicted beam measurement result for Set A by inputting the measurement result information as an input value of the artificial intelligence model configured in the terminal.
  • Set B may be composed of a subset of Set A or may be composed of different sets of beams.
  • the reference signal inference result information may include only inference information for a specific beam, or may include inference information for two or more beams.
  • the reference signal inference result information includes only inference result information (e.g., signal strength or signal quality prediction result) for a specific beam selected as the inference result best beam, or includes inference result information for two or more beams. can do.
  • the number of beams included in the reference signal inference result information, information to be included, etc. may be configured by the base station to the terminal.
  • the terminal and base station can predict beam measurement results for a large number of beams using a small number of beams. Therefore, the present disclosure can obtain accurate beam measurement results while reducing overall system overhead and reducing power consumption of the terminal.
  • the minimum beam measurement time (minimum measurement window, hereinafter referred to as MM window) is one of the information to help the terminal measure the beam effectively.
  • Information can be transmitted from the base station to the terminal.
  • the information is the minimum time for measuring a candidate beam or the number of beam information, and is included in the beam measured within that time. This means that information (e.g., beam index and/or measured RSRP) can be used as input to an AI/ML model.
  • the terminal that receives the information does not measure all beams transmitted from the base station, it must measure the beams at least during the corresponding time (MM window), and at least equal to or greater than the number of inputs (i) to be used in the AI/ML model. It can be defined as the time that guarantees measuring the beam. If the number of measured beams is greater than the number of inputs (i), the beam information used as input for the AI/ML model can be selectively used among the measured beams (N), and the i beams with the best quality can be selectively used. A beam or i beams randomly selected among N beams can be used.
  • beam measurement time information may be defined in relation to reference signal resource set (CSI resource set, or SSBs) information for defining a candidate beam.
  • CSI resource set reference signal resource set
  • SSBs reference signal resource set
  • this information when this information is used in the initial connection stage, it means that beam measurement time information is defined as cell common information in association with SSB bundle information repeatedly transmitted for beam sweep.
  • the SSB resource information is used as reference signal resource information (RS resource set, where RS means SSB (SSBs transmitted in the ssb-periodicityServingCell period (default 20ms)) for beam management of the initial access terminal.
  • reference signal resource information for beam management of the connected UE can be set in a UE-specific manner as a CSI resource set, and beam measurement time information associated with an arbitrary CSI resource set can be set. do.
  • the AI/ML model assumes that training/validation/testing has been performed in advance through offline learning.
  • an AI/ML model that has been sufficiently trained and verified for the DL beams set in the base station in the pre-deployment stage of the base station can be preloaded in the base station. If the beam configuration for a cell changes, the model can be updated, and the update method is not limited to on/offline learning.
  • N*x does not exceed the maximum number of beams that can be configured in a cell (e.g., 64 for NR), and N is the number of beams that the AI/ML model can have above a certain performance (e.g., model accuracy). It is desirable to set it so that the result value can be derived.
  • N beam information can be used as input to the AI/ML model.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the beam transmission pattern of a base station according to an embodiment.
  • the base station can configure a beam pattern suitable for the AI/ML model learned for its cell and sequentially transmit SSBs mapped according to the pattern. That is, if N is equal to M and x is 1, it means that it operates in the same manner as the prior art as shown in FIG. 8. In this embodiment, it is assumed that Sets A and B are formed where N is smaller than M and x has a value of 2 or more.
  • the beam pattern was determined by the base station implementation, and the terminal did not need to know the beam pattern information of the base station.
  • beam measurement may set the initial beam by selecting a qualified beam and transmitting the corresponding preamble depending on the implementation of the terminal, but generally, the terminal uses a method of measuring all beams transmitted during the DL tx beam sweep section of the base station. do.
  • the base station can set and provide a beam pattern that allows the most efficient acquisition of input information required for the corresponding AI/ML model for beam prediction of the terminal.
  • each base station Since not all base stations use the same pattern and number of beams, each base station must create a beam pattern suitable for its cell and provide the terminal with a beam measurement method appropriate for it. Transmitting a beam in the manner shown in FIG. 15 is an example, and the present disclosure does not limit the MM window setting to a specific pattern.
  • the base station can create a beam pattern that takes into account both the cell construction environment and AI/ML model, and set an appropriate MM window value.
  • the base station can transmit time information (MM window in FIG. 15) capable of measuring N beams to the terminal. Since time information may have different values depending on the beam configuration of the cell and the corresponding AI/ML model, it may be defined/set to a different value for each cell or CSI resource set. This means that the terminal that has received the time information must measure the signal strength for continuously received beams (e.g., SSB and/or CSI-RS) for at least the MM window time, and the information on the measured beams is all or part of the time. It can be used as an input value for AI/ML models.
  • time information may have different values depending on the beam configuration of the cell and the corresponding AI/ML model, it may be defined/set to a different value for each cell or CSI resource set. This means that the terminal that has received the time information must measure the signal strength for continuously received beams (e.g., SSB and/or CSI-RS) for at least the MM window time, and the information on the measured beams is all or part of the time.
  • the operation after beam measurement of the terminal varies depending on whether the AI/ML model trained at the base station is shared with the terminal (i.e., Collaboration Level z) or not (i.e., Collaboration Level y). It can work.
  • Figure 16 is a diagram for explaining terminal operations when an artificial intelligence model according to an embodiment is shared with the terminal.
  • AI/ML models may also be composed of separate operations.
  • the terminal may receive at least one of an AI/ML model and an MM window value through system information or an RRC message (S1610).
  • the terminal measures the beam during the MM window (S1620). Afterwards, the terminal receives (downloads) the measured beam information and uses it as input to the pre-configured AI/ML model (S1630). In other words, the terminal that has constructed the AI/ML model provides information about the entire beam (e.g., SSB/CSI-RS index and/or RSRP) based on the beam information (e.g., SSB/CSI-RS index and/or RSRP) measured during the MM window. or RSRP). The terminal selects the beam predicted with the highest quality/RSRP among the predicted beams and informs the base station of the corresponding beam information (S1640).
  • the terminal receives (downloads) the measured beam information and uses it as input to the pre-configured AI/ML model (S1630).
  • the terminal that has constructed the AI/ML model provides information about the entire beam (e.g., SSB/CSI-RS index and/or RSRP) based on the beam information (e.g., SS
  • Figure 17 is a diagram for explaining terminal operation when an artificial intelligence model according to another embodiment is not shared with the terminal.
  • FIG 17 it shows a terminal flowchart when the AI/ML model is not shared with the terminal.
  • This is a scenario corresponding to collaboration level y that shares only necessary parameters, and the terminal receives MM window values related to beam management through system information or RRC messages (S1710).
  • the terminal measures the beam during the MM window using the received information (S1720). All or part of the measured beam information can be selected and reported to the base station (S1730).
  • the measured beam information (N) exceeds 4 defined in the prior art
  • a new reporting format for reporting 5 or more beam information may be required.
  • the reporting method of the prior art is applied as is, the best four beams among the beams measured within the MM window may be selectively reported.
  • the beam information received from the base station side is a report that requires beam prediction.
  • the terminal did not use the MM window value as in the past but selectively announced the best four beams among the measured beams (Set A, M)
  • beam prediction at the base station would be unnecessary.
  • the best four beams (Set B, N) measured using the MM window are reported by reusing the CSI report format used in the prior art, the base station that received this reports AI/ML based on the beam information. Because beam prediction through a model is necessary, indicator information is required to distinguish these two cases.
  • an indication may be added in the beam reporting format to indicate whether the measurement is using a window or not.
  • the indication can be defined as an indication that the base station that has received the beam information reports whether to perform prediction through an AI/ML model.
  • MM window parameter is transmitted.
  • the proposed information (AI/ML model and/or MM window size) is applied to initial access such as MIB or SIB1. It can be transmitted as system information that transmits necessary cell common information.
  • the proposed information is an RRC message related to CSI settings, such as CSI resource configuration or CSI report configuration. It can be transmitted through .
  • a new message transmitting AI/ML model information may be transmitted through the corresponding RRC/MAC/PHY control information.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a beam measurement time window operation for each terminal according to an embodiment.
  • MM window size can be defined in ms, symbol, or slot units.
  • the starting point for beam measurement for this purpose does not matter where it starts from the entire beam sweep section (e.g., 5ms for SSBs).
  • UE 1 and UE 2 will be able to predict the entire beam through measurement of different beams (different Set B) even in the same beam sweep section.
  • the MM window may start from a different point in the next beam sweep section depending on when the beam measurement starts.
  • Example 1 If it is determined by MM window expiration that additional beam measurement is necessary (i.e., if the beam information measured while the MM window is running does not meet the beam information for input), the MM window is used in the next beam sweep section. Beam measurement begins anew by restarting the timer.
  • Example 2 If information on the last point of the beam sweep section can be known through system information (i.e., if the MM window is running at the end of the beam sweep section), stop the MM window timer when the beam sweep section ends, The window timer can be restarted at the start of the next beam sweep.
  • Example 3 Fixing the starting point of the MM window to the section where the beam sweep starts or the specific slot and/or symbol index time information of the SF (i.e., time index information where the MM window starts within the SF along with the MM window information) means informing the user together), so that a method can be used that guarantees the required amount of beam measurement.
  • MM window size can be set in various ways.
  • the value of MM window size may be defined as the minimum number of beams (N) required for measurement instead of time information. This can be set equal to or larger than the number of input information (i) used as input to the AI/ML model.
  • N the minimum number of beams required for measurement instead of time information.
  • the description focuses on the case where the beam is transmitted with the optimal beam pattern to measure the beam information required for inputting the AI/ML model from the base station, but considering the accuracy of beam prediction, at least the minimum number of beams required for measurement (N) can be larger than the number of inputs (i).
  • the terminal can continue measurement until the number of beams measured until the next beam sweep section is satisfied even if the terminal starts measuring the beam from the middle or the end of the beam sweep section. You can.
  • N is greater than i, or if more beams than i are measured within the MM window, i beams with the highest RSRP (quality) among the measured beams, or i beams selected randomly, are input to the AI/ML model. It can also be used as . However, the method for selecting i is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a beam prediction operation according to an embodiment.
  • the terminal starts measuring from SSB index #0 in the beam prediction operation using the MM window, the beam intensity for SSB #0, 3, 6, and 9 transmitted during the MM window time from that point is measured. do.
  • the terminal starts measuring from SSB index #7, the beam intensity for SSB #7, 10, 2, and 5 transmitted in the MM window section is measured from then on. No matter which subset of the beam is measured, the prediction result for the entire beam can be derived as output, and the MM window can be set within the range where the model accuracy satisfies the requirements.
  • the AI/ML model used and its MM window value settings can be determined by the base station.
  • the AI/ML model for beam management can be located only in the base station or shared from the base station to the terminal (via model download).
  • the terminal receives the trained AI/ML model in advance at the base station through a cell information transmission channel such as system information because the terminal's beam selection is necessary. can do.
  • Figure 20 is a signal diagram for explaining beam measurement and beam prediction operations in the initial access process according to an embodiment.
  • An AI/ML capable UE that has confirmed that it is an AI/ML capable base station provides an AI/ML model for beam prediction and an MM related thereto in addition to the parameters provided in the prior art (e.g., PRACH information corresponding to each SSB) through a system information message. Window information is also received.
  • the terminal measures the RSRP for the transmitted SSB for a period of time equal to the MM window (or until the number of beams equal to the number of MM windows is measured) from the first detected SSB.
  • the selected prediction beam information is notified to the base station by transmitting a preamble belonging to the PRACH resource corresponding to the selected SSB (beam) to the base station.
  • Example 2 Example of application of beam management (beam tracking) procedure of Connected UE
  • the AI/ML model for beam management can be located only in the base station or shared (via model download) from the base station to the terminal.
  • the base station allocates an appropriate candidate beam that can achieve the optimal effect between the measurement burden of the terminal, RRC reset issue, and RS resource overhead to one CSI resource set to terminal(s). ) can be set to.
  • the beam becomes sharper as the frequency increases, it is highly likely that a large amount of beams will be allocated to one CSI resource set to support beamforming of a terminal with high mobility.
  • the MM window described above as an efficient allocation method for the UE group-specific CSI resource set is used in the conventional CSI resource set. It can be set to be applied directly to the set.
  • the MM window can be optionally set along with the CSI resource set index within the conventional CSI resource configuration.
  • the conventionally connected UE that receives this can measure RSs in the CSI resource set in the same manner as before and report on the four beams with the highest RSRP/quality among the measured candidate beams.
  • the base station makes the final decision on the connected UE's beam through reports of measured beams, so it may be desirable for the base station to be the subject of beam prediction in the proposed method.
  • the terminal downloads the AI/ML model corresponding to the CSI resource set, performs beam prediction, and then reports the four predicted beams with the highest RSRP/quality. Two different embodiments related to this are described below.
  • Figure 21 is a signal diagram for explaining an operation when a base station performs beam prediction according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 22 is a signal diagram for explaining an operation when a terminal performs beam prediction according to another embodiment.
  • the connected UE operation performing the beam management procedure is as follows.
  • the base station transmits an RRC message containing the CSI resource set and the corresponding MM window value to the terminal.
  • the terminal measures the RSRP for the CSI-RS/SSB transmitted from the first detected CSI-RS/SSB for a period of time equal to the MM window (or until beams equal to the number of MM windows are measured).
  • RSRP information for the N measured beams is reported to the base station based on the CSI report configuration set by the base station.
  • the terminal when the base station performs beam prediction, the terminal can report four or five or more pieces of information about the measured beams in the same (similar) manner as the conventional method.
  • an indication indicating that beam prediction is required may be transmitted from the base station.
  • the terminal when the terminal performs beam prediction, the terminal performs beam prediction on the candidate beams (M) using the beam information (N) measured during the MM window. Among the predicted beams, the four beams predicted with the highest RSRP can be selected and reported to the base station.
  • the base station sets the beam of the terminal using the reported beam information and notifies the terminal of the set beam through beam indication.
  • the reported beam information is used as an input value of the AI/ML model for beam prediction.
  • M the predicted beam intensity for all candidate beams
  • one beam with the highest value is set as the terminal's beam and notified to the terminal.
  • the base station that receives the CSI report sets the terminal's beam based on the beam reported in the same manner as before.
  • wireless communication technology may need to guarantee operation even for legacy terminals. Accordingly, the operation of the legacy terminal when the above-described present embodiment is applied will be described.
  • Figure 23 is a signal diagram for explaining beam measurement and reporting operations of a Legacy terminal according to another embodiment.
  • the legacy UE operation performing the beam management procedure according to this embodiment is as follows.
  • the base station transmits an RRC message including a CSI resource set to the terminal.
  • the terminal measures RSRP for candidate beams (CSI-RSs/SSBs) belonging to the CSI resource set.
  • the base station sets one beam to the terminal based on the four measured beam information received and notifies the terminal of the set beam.
  • a base station supporting AI/ML supports both legacy terminals and AI/ML capable UEs, providing the effect of minimizing the measurement burden on AI/ML capable UEs.
  • Figure 24 is a diagram showing the configuration of a terminal according to one embodiment.
  • the terminal 2400 that performs beam management includes a receiving unit 2430 that receives reference signal resource configuration information from the base station and a control unit that performs a measurement operation for the reference signal based on the reference signal resource configuration information ( 2410) and a transmitter 2420 that transmits at least one of measurement result information for the reference signal or reference signal inference result information derived using measurement result information for the reference signal to the base station.
  • the reference signal resource configuration information may include parameters necessary for the terminal to measure the reference signal transmitted from the base station to the terminal.
  • the reference signal may refer to a reference signal for beam measurement such as the above-described SSB and CSI-RS.
  • the reference signal resource configuration information may include at least one of reference signal resource set information and minimum beam measurement time information corresponding to the reference signal resource set.
  • the reference signal resource set information may include a set of time-frequency resources through which the reference signal is transmitted.
  • One or more reference signal resource set information may be included.
  • the minimum beam measurement time information may include information corresponding to a reference signal resource set and indicating the minimum measurement time at which the terminal must measure the corresponding reference signal beam.
  • Reference signal resource configuration information can be classified by type of reference signal and transmitted to the terminal. Additionally, reference signal resource configuration information may be configured in the terminal through at least one of system information, RRC message, and L1 signaling.
  • the control unit 2410 can measure the signal strength and/or signal quality for the reference signal by checking the resources and period for measuring the reference signal according to the reference signal resource configuration information.
  • the control unit 2410 may measure a specific reference signal for more than the minimum beam measurement time based on reference signal resource set information and minimum beam measurement time information included in the reference signal resource configuration information.
  • control unit 2410 may configure reference signal resource configuration information in the terminal and perform a measurement operation on the indicated reference signal based on L1 signaling received from the base station. Even in this case, the control unit 2410 can measure the signal strength and/or signal quality for the reference signal indicated over the minimum beam measurement time using the reference signal resource set information and minimum beam measurement time information.
  • Measurement result information about the reference signal can be used as an input value for an artificial intelligence model for beam management.
  • the RSRP and/or RSRQ for the reference signal measured by the terminal can be used as an input value for the artificial intelligence model along with the beam index of the reference signal to be measured.
  • the base station when the transmitter 2420 transmits measurement result information for a reference signal to the base station, the base station inputs the measurement result information as an input value to the artificial intelligence model, and uses the predicted value for the beam as the output value of the artificial intelligence model.
  • the terminal may perform measurement on the beam of Set B and transmit the measurement result information to the base station, including the beam index for the beam included in Set B and the measurement result for each beam index.
  • the base station can obtain the predicted beam measurement result for Set A by inputting the measurement result information received from the terminal as an input value of the artificial intelligence model configured in the base station.
  • Set B may be composed of a subset of Set A or may be composed of different sets of beams.
  • the transmitter 2420 may transmit reference signal inference result information to the base station.
  • the reference signal inference result information includes the output value derived by inputting the measurement result information for the reference signal into the artificial intelligence model for beam management. can do.
  • the reference signal inference result information may include at least one of an inference beam index derived from the output value and signal strength information corresponding to the inference beam index.
  • the inferred beam index may or may not include the beam included in the measurement result information.
  • the beam measured by the terminal may be for Set B.
  • the terminal can complete the measurement of the beam included in Set B and obtain the predicted beam measurement result for Set A by inputting the measurement result information as an input value of the artificial intelligence model configured in the terminal.
  • Set B may be composed of a subset of Set A or may be composed of different sets of beams.
  • the reference signal inference result information may include only inference information for a specific beam, or may include inference information for two or more beams.
  • the reference signal inference result information includes only inference result information (e.g., signal strength or signal quality prediction result) for a specific beam selected as the inference result best beam, or includes inference result information for two or more beams. can do.
  • control unit 2410 can perform overall terminal operations necessary to perform the above-described beam measurement and prediction operations.
  • the transmitter 2420 and the receiver 2430 are used to transmit and receive signals, messages, and data necessary to perform the above-described embodiment with the base station.
  • Figure 25 is a diagram showing the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment.
  • the base station 2500 that performs beam management transmits reference signal resource configuration information to the terminal, and the transmitter 2520 transmits the reference signal according to the reference signal resource configuration information and the measurement result for the reference signal. It may include a receiving unit 2530 that receives at least one piece of information or reference signal inference result information derived using measurement result information for a reference signal from the terminal.
  • the reference signal resource configuration information may include parameters necessary for the terminal to measure the reference signal transmitted from the base station to the terminal.
  • the reference signal may refer to a reference signal for beam measurement such as the above-described SSB and CSI-RS.
  • the reference signal resource configuration information may include at least one of reference signal resource set information and minimum beam measurement time information corresponding to the reference signal resource set.
  • the reference signal resource set information may include a set of time-frequency resources through which the reference signal is transmitted.
  • One or more reference signal resource set information may be included.
  • the minimum beam measurement time information may include information corresponding to a reference signal resource set and indicating the minimum measurement time at which the terminal must measure the corresponding reference signal beam.
  • Reference signal resource configuration information can be classified by type of reference signal and transmitted to the terminal. Additionally, reference signal resource configuration information may be configured in the terminal through at least one of system information, RRC message, and L1 signaling.
  • the transmitter 2520 transmits a reference signal with information set according to reference signal resource configuration information.
  • the transmitter 2520 may transmit a reference signal using a beam pattern classified according to reference signal resource configuration information. That is, the transmitter 2520 can transmit the beam for Set B described above.
  • M beams are transmitted, but when reference signal resource configuration information is configured in the terminal, only N beams can be transmitted.
  • N is a natural number smaller than M.
  • the base station can transmit reference signals with a smaller number of beams than before, and the beam measurement results for all beams can be inferred using the output value of the artificial intelligence model.
  • the measurement result information for the reference signal can be used as an input value for an artificial intelligence model for beam management.
  • the RSRP and/or RSRQ for the reference signal measured by the terminal can be used as an input value for the artificial intelligence model along with the beam index of the reference signal to be measured.
  • the control unit 2510 inputs the measurement result information as an input value to the artificial intelligence model, and uses the predicted value for the beam as the output value of the artificial intelligence model.
  • the terminal may perform measurement on the beam of Set B and transmit the measurement result information to the base station, including the beam index for the beam included in Set B and the measurement result for each beam index.
  • the control unit 2510 can obtain the predicted beam measurement result for Set A by inputting the measurement result information received from the terminal as an input value of the artificial intelligence model configured in the base station.
  • Set B may be composed of a subset of Set A or may be composed of different sets of beams.
  • the receiver 2530 may receive reference signal inference result information from the terminal.
  • the reference signal inference result information includes the output value derived by inputting the measurement result information for the reference signal into the artificial intelligence model for beam management. can do.
  • the reference signal inference result information may include at least one of an inference beam index derived from the output value and signal strength information corresponding to the inference beam index.
  • the inferred beam index may or may not include the beam included in the measurement result information.
  • the beam measured by the terminal may be for Set B.
  • the terminal can complete the measurement of the beam included in Set B and obtain the predicted beam measurement result for Set A by inputting the measurement result information as an input value of the artificial intelligence model configured in the terminal.
  • Set B may be composed of a subset of Set A or may be composed of different sets of beams.
  • the reference signal inference result information may include only inference information for a specific beam, or may include inference information for two or more beams.
  • the reference signal inference result information includes only inference result information (e.g., signal strength or signal quality prediction result) for a specific beam selected as the inference result best beam, or includes inference result information for two or more beams. can do.
  • the number of beams included in the reference signal inference result information, information to be included, etc. may be configured by the base station to the terminal.
  • control unit 2510 is used to transmit and receive signals, messages, and data necessary to perform the above-described embodiment with the terminal.
  • the transmitter 2520 and the receiver 2530 are used to transmit and receive signals, messages, and data necessary to perform the above-described embodiment with the terminal.
  • the above-described embodiments can be implemented through various means.
  • the present embodiments may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
  • the method according to the present embodiments uses one or more ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), DSPs (Digital Signal Processors), DSPDs (Digital Signal Processing Devices), PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices), and FPGAs. (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, or microprocessors.
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSPs Digital Signal Processors
  • DSPDs Digital Signal Processing Devices
  • PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • processors controllers, microcontrollers, or microprocessors.
  • the method according to the present embodiments may be implemented in the form of a device, procedure, or function that performs the functions or operations described above.
  • Software code can be stored in a memory unit and run by a processor.
  • the memory unit is located inside or outside the processor and can exchange data with the processor through various known means.
  • system generally refer to computer-related entities hardware, hardware and software. It may refer to a combination of, software, or running software.
  • the foregoing components may be a process, processor, controller, control processor, object, thread of execution, program, and/or computer run by a processor.
  • an application running on a controller or processor and the controller or processor can be a component.
  • One or more components may reside within a process and/or thread of execution, and the components may be located on a single device (e.g., system, computing device, etc.) or distributed across two or more devices.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de gestion de faisceau à l'aide de l'intelligence artificielle et de l'apprentissage machine, et peut fournir un procédé et un dispositif, le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant à : recevoir des informations de configuration de ressource de signal de référence à partir d'une station de base; effectuer une opération de mesure sur un signal de référence sur la base des informations de configuration de signal de référence; et transmettre, à la station de base, des informations de résultat de mesure concernant le signal de référence et/ou des informations de résultat d'inférence de signal de référence dérivées à l'aide des informations de résultat de mesure concernant le signal de référence.
PCT/KR2023/008731 2022-06-28 2023-06-23 Procédé et dispositif de gestion de faisceau à l'aide de l'intelligence artificielle et de l'apprentissage machine Ceased WO2024005454A1 (fr)

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KR10-2022-0078599 2022-06-28
KR20220078599 2022-06-28
KR1020230075698A KR20240002180A (ko) 2022-06-28 2023-06-13 인공지능 및 머신러닝을 이용한 빔 관리 방법 및 장치
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WO2024211419A1 (fr) * 2023-04-04 2024-10-10 Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Procédés et appareil de collecte de données à partir de cellules qui prennent en charge l'intelligence artificielle/apprentissage automatique
WO2025148007A1 (fr) * 2024-01-12 2025-07-17 富士通株式会社 Procédé et appareil de configuration de transmission sens montant
WO2025166605A1 (fr) * 2024-02-06 2025-08-14 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Procédé et appareil de mesure de faisceau, dispositif de communication, système de communication et support de stockage
WO2025172489A1 (fr) * 2024-02-15 2025-08-21 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Améliorations de rapport ia/aa, gestion ia/aa et inférence ia/aa
WO2025178532A1 (fr) * 2024-02-19 2025-08-28 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Mappage temporaire sur des identifiants de faisceau à long terme
GB2644411A (en) * 2024-02-19 2026-04-15 Nokia Technologies Oy Latency requirement and testing for AI/ML based beam management
WO2025185589A1 (fr) * 2024-03-05 2025-09-12 维沃移动通信有限公司 Procédé de traitement de mesures, procédé de configuration de mesures, appareil, dispositif et support de stockage lisible
WO2025184926A1 (fr) * 2024-03-08 2025-09-12 北京小米移动软件有限公司 Procédé et appareil de prédiction, support de stockage
WO2025235088A1 (fr) * 2024-05-06 2025-11-13 Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Accès aléatoire pour ssb d'estimation dans des systèmes aiml
WO2025231756A1 (fr) * 2024-05-09 2025-11-13 富士通株式会社 Procédé et appareil de gestion de faisceau
WO2026002225A1 (fr) * 2024-06-27 2026-01-02 展讯半导体(南京)有限公司 Procédé et appareil de communication, puce, et dispositif de module

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