WO2024013208A2 - Verfahren zum fördern eines fadenstrangs, verfahren zum synchronisieren eines fadenstrangs mit einer papierbahn, verfahren zum synchronisieren eines fadens mit einer papierbahn, vorrichtung zum durchführen der verfahren - Google Patents
Verfahren zum fördern eines fadenstrangs, verfahren zum synchronisieren eines fadenstrangs mit einer papierbahn, verfahren zum synchronisieren eines fadens mit einer papierbahn, vorrichtung zum durchführen der verfahren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024013208A2 WO2024013208A2 PCT/EP2023/069262 EP2023069262W WO2024013208A2 WO 2024013208 A2 WO2024013208 A2 WO 2024013208A2 EP 2023069262 W EP2023069262 W EP 2023069262W WO 2024013208 A2 WO2024013208 A2 WO 2024013208A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thread
- paper web
- paper
- sensor
- register
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/355—Security threads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H19/00—Changing the web roll
- B65H19/10—Changing the web roll in unwinding mechanisms or in connection with unwinding operations
- B65H19/18—Attaching, e.g. pasting, the replacement web to the expiring web
- B65H19/1842—Attaching, e.g. pasting, the replacement web to the expiring web standing splicing, i.e. the expiring web being stationary during splicing contact
- B65H19/1852—Attaching, e.g. pasting, the replacement web to the expiring web standing splicing, i.e. the expiring web being stationary during splicing contact taking place at a distance from the replacement roll
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H23/00—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
- B65H23/04—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally
- B65H23/18—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web
- B65H23/182—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web in unwinding mechanisms or in connection with unwinding operations
- B65H23/1825—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web in unwinding mechanisms or in connection with unwinding operations and controlling web tension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H39/00—Associating, collating, or gathering articles or webs
- B65H39/16—Associating two or more webs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
- D21H21/42—Ribbons or strips
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/78—Controlling or regulating not limited to any particular process or apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2553/00—Sensing or detecting means
- B65H2553/40—Sensing or detecting means using optical, e.g. photographic, elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
- B65H2701/12—Surface aspects
- B65H2701/124—Patterns, marks, printed information
- B65H2701/1241—Patterns, marks, printed information register marks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
- B65H2701/19—Specific article or web
- B65H2701/1912—Banknotes, bills and cheques or the like
Definitions
- Method for conveying a thread strand Method for conveying a thread strand, method for synchronizing a thread strand with a paper web, method for synchronizing a thread with a paper web, device for carrying out the methods
- the invention relates to a method for conveying a thread strand, a method for synchronizing a thread strand with a paper web to be produced in a paper machine, a further method for synchronizing a thread with a paper web to be produced in a paper machine, and a device for carrying out the methods.
- Methods for conveying a thread strand and connecting it to a paper web are known in the art.
- a strand of thread is applied to the surface of a paper web, the paper web already being in the form of a finished paper web and the thread being connected in register to a surface of the paper web.
- To embed a thread into the volume of a paper web this is done from a paper pulp during paper production. This procedure is relatively time-consuming and complicated.
- the invention is based on the task of eliminating the disadvantages of the prior art.
- methods and devices for carrying out the methods should be specified allow improved embedding of a security thread in a paper web in register with window openings.
- this object is achieved by a method according to the subject matter of claim 1, by a method according to the subject matter of claim 6, by a method according to the subject matter of claim 11, by a device according to the subject matter of claim 20, by a device according to the subject matter of claim 21 and solved by a device according to the subject matter of claim 22.
- One advantage is that the thread is embedded in the paper web in precise register while the paper mash or paper pulp is still liquid on the paper screen. The liquid paper mash or paper pulp can enclose the thread on the paper sieve, so that subsequent embedding of the thread is not necessary.
- a method for conveying a thread strand in particular an endless thread strand, is claimed. At least a moving first thread and a second thread are connected to produce the thread strand. An end section of the first thread takes along an initial section of the second thread.
- the first and second threads each have a repeatedly repeated sequence of features, with the two threads being arranged in register with one another.
- the method comprises the following steps, in particular in the following order: a) detecting the register position of at least the first thread by means of a sensor, preferably by means of a first sensor. b) bringing the second thread held, in particular held or braked, into contact by a holding device with the first thread. c) generating a control signal for releasing the holding device on the basis of the register position of at least the first thread detected by means of the sensor, preferably by means of the first sensor, such that the register position of the first thread and the register position of the second thread pass through when the second thread is taken along the first thread must be brought into exact position.
- the strand of thread is preferably fed to a paper screen without interruption.
- a slurry made from a paper pulp or a paper mash is applied to the paper sieve or is continuously applied to the paper sieve.
- the paper web is created by drying or hardening the paper pulp or paper mash. In particular, the drying already takes place, at least in part, on the paper screen.
- the thread strand is preferably conveyed onto the paper sieve, on which the paper web is formed from the liquid paper mash or paper pulp.
- the thread can either be applied to the paper screen on which the paper pulp is deposited as a paper web, or the thread can be inserted, in particular on the paper screen, between at least two partial paper webs.
- the paper mash or paper pulp can at least partially enclose the thread strand, in particular in such a way that the thread strand is arranged within the paper web to be produced.
- Detecting the register position of at least the first thread by means of a sensor is preferably carried out continuously or continuously and in particular during the entire process of integrating the thread into the paper substrate.
- the second thread is preferably arranged parallel to the first thread in an area in front of or upstream of the paper screen. This can result in a partial overlap on the top or bottom with the first thread.
- the control signal preferably synchronizes the movement between the second and first threads.
- One advantage is that a register-accurate change from the first thread to the second thread is possible during ongoing operation. This means that if the first thread runs out during operation, a new thread can be introduced and fed to the paper screen without interrupting production and without losing register accuracy.
- the second thread is preferably held with a known position of the features along the longitudinal extent of the second thread, preferably kept stationary, while the first thread is conveyed at a certain speed.
- the known position is stationary.
- the first conveyed thread already exerts a tensile force on the second thread when the second thread is brought into contact with the first thread.
- the hold of the second thread can be switched off via the control signal, so that the second thread is taken along by the first thread.
- the register accuracy between the first thread and the second thread can be maintained. This makes it possible to change the thread during operation while maintaining the register accuracy between the first thread and the second thread.
- thread is understood to mean an endless flat substrate web, in particular made of a plastic, which can be integrated into a paper web.
- This substrate web is referred to as a thread or a ribbon or a ribbon or a strip.
- the width of the Substrate web can be 1 mm to 25 mm, preferably 2 mm to 15 mm, particularly preferably 3 mm to 10 mm.
- the thread can have a PET carrier. In this case it is called a semi-thread.
- the thread can have two PET carriers. In this case it is called a full thread.
- a half-thread is preferably used, that is to say a thread with a PET carrier.
- the thread has one or more carriers which are based on cellulose.
- the carrier can alternatively or additionally contain components selected individually or in combination from the following materials: cellulose, cotton, wood, plastic, plant fibers, mottled fibers, dyes, pigments.
- the thread By introducing the thread into the paper mash or paper pulp, the thread can be embedded in the paper web at least in some areas and/or can be enclosed by the paper web at least in some areas.
- the thread preferably extends continuously over a width or a length of the paper web.
- the thread is not limited to just one window.
- the thickness of the thread is small compared to its width.
- a thread strand is an arrangement of two or more threads joined together. This means that if a thread is connected at the end of its length to a new thread, which then takes over the tasks of the first thread, this is a strand of thread.
- a window is a recess in the paper surface, which is created in particular during paper production.
- a window is completely surrounded by paper throughout its surface area.
- Windows are used to make the thread visible from one or both sides, i.e. the thread is embedded so that it passes through the windows.
- a sequence of features is understood to mean a sequence of optically readable features and/or sensory readable features and/or machine readable features attached along the thread.
- These features can be designed as, or include, patterns and/or registration marks and/or control marks and/or position markings.
- a repeat is the distance at which a pattern repeats itself.
- the repeat length of the thread is the length of an area on the thread until the immediately adjacent area begins.
- An area can include a design area and tax stamps or registration marks.
- a design area is an optically or sensorically or machine-readable pattern, for example a lettering and/or a hologram and/or a particularly partial metallization and/or a colored decoration.
- the repeat length therefore extends in the running direction of the thread between the outer boundaries of an area.
- the repeat length of the thread in particular after introduction into the paper substrate, is in particular as long as a repeat length within the paper substrate or within the paper web is long in the feed direction of the paper substrate or the paper web.
- register refers in particular to a positional accuracy of two or more elements and/or Layers understood relative to each other.
- register accuracy or “registration accuracy” or “registration accuracy” or “position accuracy” can be used.
- the register accuracy should preferably be within a predetermined tolerance and should preferably be as high as possible.
- the register accuracy of several elements and/or layers to one another is an important feature in particular in order to increase process reliability.
- the precise positioning is carried out in particular by means of sensory, preferably optically detectable, registration marks or control marks or position markings. In particular, these registration marks or control marks or position markings either represent special separate elements or areas or layers or are themselves part of the elements or areas or layers to be positioned.
- process steps and sub-steps can be carried out once or several times.
- process steps and sub-steps can be repeated.
- the preferred sequence of the method steps has at least the order of step a) - step b) - step c), with further steps or sub-steps being able to be inserted in particular between these steps.
- the thread can advantageously be embedded in the paper web in register with the windows provided in the paper web, the thread already being introduced into the paper web that is being formed.
- the thread can either be placed on the paper sieve be applied, on which the paper pulp is deposited as a paper web, or the thread can be inserted, in particular on the paper screen, between at least two partial paper webs.
- the thread can thereby become an integral part of the paper web or the paper substrate, which is arranged in particular in the exact position of the window openings in the paper.
- a subsequent manipulation or a subsequent replacement of the thread in the paper substrate is made more difficult because, in particular, it is more difficult to reintroduce the thread into the paper in precise register or position.
- the method comprises the following additional step.
- the additional step is preferably carried out after step c): d) cutting off the first thread.
- the remainder of the first thread can be removed early during operation.
- the first thread can be left to run empty.
- Thread initially, preferably with a known location of the features along the longitudinal extent of the second thread, and is only set in motion due to the entrainment by the first thread after the holding device has been released in step c).
- this enables precise synchronization of the features between the two threads without the conveying process having to be interrupted or slowed down.
- the second thread is held in a known register position in the holding device before the release in step c).
- the register position of the second thread can preferably be detected by sensors.
- the register position of the first thread and/or the register position of the second thread can be detected by means of the sensor, preferably by means of the first sensor.
- the register position of the second thread can be detected using another thread sensor.
- the control signal for releasing the holding device is preferably based on the register position of the first thread and/or the register position of the second thread and/or the further thread sensor for the register position of the second thread recorded register positions are generated.
- the advantage is that the position of the register is recorded via the sensor and any position tolerances can be corrected.
- two sensors are provided for detecting the register position, preferably for detecting the register marks, of the first thread.
- the sensor preferably the first sensor, is preferably after the holding device and another sensor is preferably a fifth sensor is preferably arranged in front of the holding device.
- the further sensor preferably the fifth sensor, preferably additionally records the register position in the running first thread. This can provide additional support for splicing, ie attaching the second thread to the end of the first thread near the register.
- a connecting medium is applied to the first and/or second thread before or during or after the second thread is brought into contact with the first thread.
- the second thread is carried along by the first thread due to adhesion of the second thread to the first thread caused by the connecting medium.
- the connecting medium is preferably a liquid. Water is particularly preferably provided as the connecting medium.
- the connecting medium can serve to connect the first thread to the second thread, in particular to connect by adhesion.
- the liquid connecting medium creates an adhesion layer between the two threads.
- the length of the adhesion layer and/or the thickness of the adhesion layer is dimensioned such that the adhesion forces are sufficient to take the initially stationary second thread along with the moving or conveyed first thread.
- the start of the entrainment of the second thread can be controlled via the synchronization signal.
- a method for synchronizing a thread strand with a paper web to be produced in a paper machine is also claimed.
- the paper web includes a repeatedly repeated sequence of initial features.
- the first features can be design features and/or security features and/or windows and/or functional features, such as register marks.
- the thread strand has at least one leader thread and one original thread.
- the original thread includes a sequence of second features repeated many times.
- the second features can be design features and/or security features and/or functional features, such as register marks.
- the leading thread does not include any security features.
- the leader thread preferably has a maximum width of 5 mm. It is preferred that the leader thread has the same width as the original thread.
- the width of the original thread and the leader thread can preferably be 1 mm to 25 mm, particularly preferably 2 mm to 15 mm, more preferably 3 mm to 10 mm.
- the leader thread can have a PET carrier.
- the leader thread can have at least one carrier, which is based in particular on cellulose.
- the at least one carrier of the leader thread can alternatively or additionally contain components selected individually or in combination from the following materials: cellulose, cellulose fibers, cotton, cotton fibers, wood fibers, plastic, plastic fibers, plant fibers, mottled fibers, dyes, pigments.
- a leading thread designed in this way can easily be further processed together with the scrap paper web in a paper recycling process without causing a disturbing high proportion of foreign matter that would have to be sorted out.
- a second repeat length of the original thread is shorter than a first repeat length of the paper web.
- the second repeat length of the original thread is preferably 0.1% to 10%, preferably 0.1% to 5%, more preferably 0.2% to 3%, particularly preferably 0.3% to 1% shorter than one first repeat length of the paper web.
- the second repeat length of the original thread is 2% shorter than a first repeat length of the paper web.
- the length factor is obtained from the percentage values mentioned by subtracting these percentage values from the number 1. In the above example of 2%, this results in a length factor of 0.98.
- the length factor can also be referred to as a stretch reserve.
- the method comprises the following steps, in particular in the following order: a) Dispensing a pulp onto a paper wire to produce the paper web. b) introducing and/or shooting the leader thread into the pulp applied to the paper screen, so that the leader thread is connected to the paper web after at least partial drying of the pulp, the paper web and/or pulp at least partially enclosing the leader thread. c) After the leading thread is conveyed from the paper web: bringing the original thread held, in particular held or braked, into contact by a holding device with the leading thread. d) Detecting the register position of the paper web.
- step e) the original thread is preferably stretched in such a way that the second repeat length corresponds to the stretch of the first repeat length.
- the original thread is released from the holding device in such a way that the register position of the original thread and the register position of the paper web are brought into agreement.
- the thread is conveyed by applying the thread to the paper screen on which the liquid paper pulp is deposited as a paper web, or the thread is conveyed by inserting the thread, in particular on the paper screen, between at least two partial paper webs .
- the paper pulp or paper mash or the at least two paper partial webs is/are dried, becomes/become increasingly solid and the solid or dried paper pulp or paper mash or the at least two paper partial webs takes/takes the thread with them.
- the paper sieve is advantageously designed as a cylinder, the circumference of the cylinder being dimensioned such that the paper pulp or paper mash becomes sufficiently solid on the paper sieve through at least partial drying to take the thread with it.
- the paper web can be removed from the paper screen together with the thread embedded in register and processed further.
- the paper screen has elevations and/or depressions in order to form windows in the paper web that specify the register position for the thread.
- the elevations and/or depressions of the paper screen are in particular dimensioned so that they are not covered by the paper pulp or paper mash.
- the original thread is preferably held in a known position (“in register”) before step e).
- process steps and sub-steps can be carried out once or several times.
- process steps and sub-steps can be repeated.
- the preferred sequence of the method steps has at least one sequence of step a) - step b) - step c) - step d) - step e) - step f), in which further steps or sub-steps can be inserted in particular between these steps.
- the thread can advantageously be embedded in the paper web in register with windows or other elements provided in the paper web.
- the thread is already inserted into the paper web that is being formed.
- the thread can either be applied to the paper screen on which the paper pulp is deposited as a paper web, or the thread can be inserted, in particular on the paper screen, between at least two partial paper webs. This has the advantage that the thread can be surrounded by the paper at least in some areas, while a solid paper web is formed from the paper pulp and/or from the at least two partial paper webs.
- an infeed material is used for the initial gripping of the thread in the paper pulp or on the paper wire.
- This inlet material is in particular available as a separate roll material.
- the starting material is called the leader thread.
- the actual thread can have the inlet material in a leading area.
- the position of the thread in relation to the front and back of the thread relative to the paper substrate can be carried out with a leading thread as an alternative or in addition to the register-accurate introduction of the thread relative to the paper substrate into the paper substrate. That is, as previously mentioned, the leader thread can be used to achieve register-accurate insertion of the thread relative to the paper substrate and/or the leader thread can be used to achieve correct positional insertion of the thread with respect to its front and back relative to the paper substrate to reach.
- the register position of the paper web is detected after step d) by means of a second sensor which detects the paper sieve and/or by means of a third sensor which detects the resulting paper web and/or by means of a rotary encoder of the paper sieve and/or by means of a rotary encoder of the paper screen drive.
- the third sensor that detects the resulting paper web is arranged before or after drying.
- the third sensor that detects the resulting paper web preferably detects the sequence of features of the paper web.
- the desired register position of the original thread is detected by means of a further sensor on the paper screen.
- the control signal for releasing the holding device is preferably generated based on the detected register position of the paper web or the paper screen.
- the leading thread has functional features, in particular in the form of register marks.
- these register marks can be detected by means of a sensor, preferably by means of the first sensor, and converted into sensor signals, these sensor signals can be used to set a register, i.e. a positional accuracy between the leading thread and the paper web.
- a register is then created between the paper web and the thread.
- the functional features of the leading thread in particular the register marks, can also be suitable for detecting the front and/or the back of the thread and thus its position using sensors.
- a connecting medium is applied to the leading thread and/or original thread before or during or after the original thread is brought into contact with the leading thread.
- the original thread is carried along by the leading thread caused by the connecting medium Adhesion of the original thread to the leader thread.
- the connecting medium is preferably a liquid. Water is particularly preferred as the connecting medium.
- the connecting medium can serve to connect the first thread to the second thread, in particular to connect by adhesion.
- the liquid connecting medium creates an adhesion layer between the two threads.
- the length of the adhesion layer is dimensioned such that the adhesion forces are sufficient to take the initially stationary second thread along with the moving or conveyed first thread.
- the start of the entrainment of the second thread can be controlled via the synchronization signal.
- a time period from the introduction and/or shooting of the leader thread into the paper pulp according to step b) to the generation of a control signal for releasing the holding device according to step e) is between 1 s and 600 s, preferably 10 s to 300 s, particularly preferably 30 s to 60 s.
- This period of time can also be called the anchoring phase. If multiple tracks are provided, the anchoring phase can last a different length of time for each track.
- the leader thread kept ready on each track has a length of between 50 m and 50,000 m, particularly preferably 500 m to 5,000 m.
- the leader thread can be arranged on a roll with a length of 10 to 50 km, so that this roll can be reused several times for several anchoring phases.
- the thread and/or the first thread and/or the second thread and/or the leading thread and/or the original thread are operated at a speed in the range from 30 m/min to 150 m/min, preferably in the range from 50 m/min to 150 m/min, particularly preferably in the range from 50 m/min to 110 m/min.
- a method for synchronizing a thread with a paper web to be produced in a paper machine is also claimed.
- the paper web includes a repeatedly repeated sequence of initial features.
- the first features can be design features and/or security features and/or windows and/or functional features, such as register marks.
- the thread comprises a sequence of second features repeated many times.
- the second features can be design features and/or security features and/or functional features, such as register marks.
- the first features and/or the second features are designed to be optically readable, and/or designed to be machine-readable, and/or designed to be readable by sensors.
- a second repeat length of the thread is shorter than a first repeat length of the paper web.
- the second repeat length of the thread is preferably 0.1% to 10%, preferably 0.1% to 5%, more preferably 0.2% to 3%, particularly preferably 0.3% to 1% shorter than one first repeat length of the paper web.
- the second repeat length of the thread is 2% shorter than a first repeat length of the paper web.
- the length factor is obtained from the percentage values mentioned by subtracting these percentage values from the number 1. In the above example of 2%, this results in a length factor of 0.98.
- the length factor can also be referred to as a stretch reserve.
- the procedure includes the following steps, specifically in the following order: a) Dispensing a pulp onto a paper screen to produce the paper web. b) introducing and/or shooting the thread into the pulp applied to the paper screen, so that the thread is connected to the paper web after at least partial drying of the pulp, the paper web at least partially enclosing the thread. c) Detecting the register position of the paper web. d) Detecting the register position of the thread using a sensor, preferably using a first sensor.
- the method for synchronizing a thread with a paper web to be produced in a paper machine preferably comprises at least one of the methods according to the invention already mentioned above, that is to say the “method for conveying a thread strand” according to the invention and/or the “method for synchronizing a thread strand with a thread strand” according to the invention paper web to be produced by the paper machine”.
- the paper web corresponds to the paper web from the “method for synchronizing a thread strand with a paper web to be produced in a paper machine” according to the invention. Therefore the same Terminology used: first rapport length.
- the thread corresponds to the original thread from the “method for synchronizing a thread strand with a paper web to be produced in a paper machine” according to the invention. Therefore the same terms are used: second repeat length.
- Detecting the register position of the thread by means of a sensor is preferably carried out continuously or continuously and in particular during the entire process of integrating the thread into the paper substrate.
- process steps and sub-steps can be carried out once or several times.
- process steps and sub-steps can be repeated.
- the preferred sequence of the method steps has at least the order of step a) - step b) - step c) - step d) - step e), with further steps or sub-steps being able to be inserted in particular between these steps.
- the thread can advantageously be embedded in the paper web in register with the windows provided in the paper web, the thread already being introduced into the paper web that is being formed.
- the thread can either be applied to the paper screen on which the paper pulp is deposited as a paper web, or the thread can be inserted, in particular on the paper screen, between at least two partial paper webs. This has the advantage that the thread can be surrounded by the paper at least in some areas, while a solid paper web is formed from the paper pulp and/or from the at least two partial paper webs.
- the register position of the paper web is detected after step c) by means of a second sensor which detects the paper sieve and/or by means of a third sensor which detects the resulting paper web and/or by means of a rotary encoder of the paper sieve and/or by means of a rotary encoder of the paper screen drive.
- the third sensor that detects the resulting paper web is arranged before or after drying.
- the third sensor that detects the resulting paper web preferably detects the sequence of features of the paper web.
- the features are design features and/or security features and/or functional features, such as register marks.
- the features are visible and/or machine-readable.
- the features can be designed accordingly optically or magnetically.
- Thread and/or the first thread and/or the second thread and/or the Lead thread and/or the original thread have a width of 1 mm to 25 mm, preferably 2 mm to 15 mm, particularly preferably 3 mm to 10 mm.
- the thread and/or the first thread and/or the second thread and/or the leading thread and/or the original thread have a thickness of 6 pm to 75 pm, preferably a thickness of 15 pm to 50 pm , particularly preferably a thickness of 20 pm to 40 pm.
- the thread and/or the first thread and/or the second thread and/or the leading thread and/or the original thread have an elastic modulus in the range from 2500 N/mm 2 to 5000 N/mm 2 , preferably in the range from 3000 N/mm 2 to 4500 N/mm 2 .
- tensile force can also be expressed by the terms tension or pre-tension or pre-stretch of the thread.
- a tensile force exerted on the thread on the paper machine to form a window in the paper web is preferably at least 10 cN, preferably at least 100 cN. If the tensile force is too low, there is a risk that paper pulp will get caught between the paper sieve and the thread. This can result in the window not forming or not forming cleanly.
- the tensile force exerted on the thread preferably determines how strongly the thread is pressed against the paper screen.
- the maximum possible tensile force is 1000 cN, preferably 800 cN.
- the shortening of the repeat length of the thread, and the extensibility of the thread and/or the tensile force when integrating the thread are preferably the parameters of the thread that influence the process. Further parameters influencing the process can be the basis weight of the paper mass lying on the paper screen, the number of window openings per repeat and/or per sheet and/or the speed of the paper machine.
- the tensile force can be increased for register control in a start-up phase and for register control when changing a thread roll.
- the tensile force for maintaining the register can preferably be kept constant.
- the tensile force given here in cN results from the tensile force that acts on the thread during unwinding, which is approximately 10 cN to 400 cN.
- cN centinewtons
- several rollers in particular free-running rollers without their own drive, over which the thread is guided, can be provided.
- There is an additional tensile force per roller (as a braking effect due to the friction forces in the Storage of the roller and/or due to the frictional forces between the thread and the roller and/or due to the deformation energy when the thread is deflected) on the thread by 3 cN to 5 cN each. This means that the inlet pull on the paper screen is 10 cN to 1000 cN.
- the pull mechanism is preferably arranged between the unwinder (thread roll) and the paper sieve. Depending on the size of the pulling force that the pulling mechanism itself exerts on the thread, the unwinder (thread reel) must be readjusted. If the traction mechanism pulls more, the unwinder (thread roller) must run correspondingly slower so that not too much thread is fed. The unwinder (thread roller) therefore preferably compensates for the change in tension in front of the tension mechanism. The pull mechanism thus defines the inlet pull on the paper screen.
- the thread is stretched to reach the register with a force of more than 30 cN, particularly in the start-up phase or in the lead-in phase when changing the thread roll. If the tensile forces acting on the thread are too great, the resulting paper is often scrap. Once the register has reached the desired tolerance, significantly lower tensile forces are sufficient to keep the register within the desired tolerance.
- one thread per track is conveyed to the paper web in several tracks and is introduced into the paper web in precise register.
- the individual threads are preferably conveyed parallel to one another and independently of one another and introduced into the paper web parallel to one another and independently of one another.
- a device for carrying out a method for conveying a thread strand, in particular an endless thread strand is claimed.
- the device according to the invention is preferably used to carry out the corresponding method according to the invention.
- At least a moving first thread and a second thread are connected to produce the thread strand.
- the first and second threads each include a sequence of features repeated many times.
- the device comprises at least one sensor, preferably at least a first sensor, for detecting the register position of at least the first thread, a thread connecting device for connecting the first thread and the second thread, and a control unit for generating a control signal based on the sensor, preferably Register position detected by the first sensor.
- the register position of the first thread and the register position of the second thread are brought into agreement when connecting the first thread and the second thread based on the control signal or signals.
- sequence of features can be design features and/or security features and/or functional features, e.g. register marks.
- the sequence of features of the first thread is in particular identical to the sequence of features of the second thread.
- the structure and features of the first thread are identical to the structure and features of the second thread.
- the thread can advantageously be embedded in the paper web in register with the windows provided in the paper web, the thread already being introduced into the paper web that is being formed.
- the thread can either be applied to the paper sieve, on which the paper pulp is deposited as a paper web, or the thread can be inserted, in particular on the paper screen, between at least two partial paper webs. This has the advantage that the thread can be surrounded by the paper at least in some areas, while a solid paper web is formed from the paper pulp and/or from the at least two partial paper webs.
- the thread connecting device comprises a holding device for holding the second thread, preferably for holding the second thread with a known position of the features along the longitudinal extent of the second thread, and / or a device for bringing the second thread into contact with the first thread .
- a device for carrying out a method for synchronizing a thread strand with a paper web is claimed.
- the device according to the invention is preferably used to carry out the corresponding method according to the invention.
- the paper web includes a sequence of initial features repeated many times.
- the first features can be design features and/or security features and/or windows and/or functional features, such as register marks.
- the thread strand has at least one leader thread and one original thread.
- the original thread includes a sequence of second features repeated many times.
- the second features can be design features and/or security features and/or functional features, such as register marks.
- the leading thread can at least have functional features, such as. B. have register marks.
- the device includes a pulling device for generating pulling force on the thread. Due to the tensile force, the thread stretches in the thread path before it is inserted into the paper web.
- the device comprises a paper machine with a paper screen for discharging a pulp to produce the paper web and a device for detecting the register position of the paper web.
- the device comprises a device for introducing and/or shooting the leader thread into the pulp applied to the paper screen, so that the leader thread is connected to the paper web after at least partial drying of the pulp, the paper web at least partially enclosing the leader thread.
- the device comprises a thread connecting device for connecting the leading thread and the original thread and a control unit for generating a control signal based on the detected register position of the paper web, the original thread being carried along by the leading thread and subsequently stretched in such a way that the register position of the original thread and the register position of the Paper web are brought into agreement, the original thread being connected to the paper web after at least partial drying of the pulp, the paper web at least partially enclosing the original thread.
- the registration position of the paper web can be detected by means of a second sensor which detects the paper screen and/or by means of a third sensor which detects the resulting paper web and/or by means of a Rotary encoder of the paper sieve and / or by means of a rotary encoder of the paper sieve drive.
- the third sensor that detects the resulting paper web can be arranged before or after drying.
- the third sensor that detects the resulting paper web can detect the sequence of features of the paper web.
- the thread can advantageously be embedded in the paper web in register with windows provided in the paper web.
- the thread is already inserted into the paper web that is being formed.
- the thread can either be applied to the paper screen on which the paper pulp is deposited as a paper web, or the thread can be inserted, in particular on the paper screen, between at least two partial paper webs. This has the advantage that the thread can be surrounded by the paper at least in some areas, while a solid paper web is formed from the paper pulp and/or from the at least two partial paper webs.
- This inlet material is in particular available as a separate roll material.
- the starting material is called the leader thread.
- the actual thread can have the inlet material in a leading area.
- the position of the thread in relation to the front and back of the thread relative to the paper substrate can be carried out with a leading thread as an alternative or in addition to the register-accurate introduction of the thread relative to the paper substrate into the paper substrate. That is, as previously mentioned, the leader thread can be used to achieve register-accurate insertion of the thread relative to the paper substrate and/or the leader thread can be used to achieve correct positional insertion of the thread with respect to its front and back relative to the paper substrate to reach.
- the thread connecting device comprises a holding device for holding the original thread, preferably for holding the original thread with a known position of the features along the longitudinal extent of the original thread, and / or a device for bringing the original thread into contact with the leading thread.
- a second repeat length of the original thread is shorter than a first repeat length of the paper web.
- the second repeat length of the original thread is preferably 0.1% to 10%, preferably 0.1% to 5%, more preferably 0.2% to 3%, particularly preferably 0.3% to 1% shorter than one first repeat length of the paper web.
- the second repeat length of the original thread is 2% shorter than a first repeat length of the paper web.
- the length factor is obtained from the percentage values mentioned by subtracting these percentage values from the number 1. In the above example of 2%, this results in a length factor of 0.98.
- the length factor can also be referred to as a stretch reserve.
- a device for carrying out a method for synchronizing a thread with a paper web is claimed.
- the device according to the invention is preferably used to carry out the corresponding method according to the invention.
- the paper web includes a sequence of initial features repeated many times.
- the first features can be design features and/or security features and/or windows and/or functional features, such as register marks.
- the thread comprises a sequence of second features repeated many times.
- the second features can be design features and/or security features and/or functional features, such as register marks.
- the device comprises a paper machine with a paper screen for discharging a pulp to produce the paper web and a device for detecting the register position of the paper web.
- the device comprises a device for introducing and/or shooting the thread into the pulp applied to the paper screen, so that the thread is connected to the paper web after the pulp has at least partially dried, the paper web at least partially enclosing the thread.
- the device includes a pulling device for generating pulling force on the thread. Due to the tensile force, the thread is stretched before it is inserted into the paper web.
- the device comprises a sensor, preferably a first sensor, for detecting the register position of the thread and a control unit for generating a control signal based on the detected register position of the paper web and based on the register position by means of the sensor, preferably register position of the thread detected by means of the first sensor, the thread being stretched based on the control signal in such a way that the second register position of the thread and the register position of the paper web are brought into agreement.
- a sensor preferably a first sensor
- a control unit for generating a control signal based on the detected register position of the paper web and based on the register position by means of the sensor, preferably register position of the thread detected by means of the first sensor, the thread being stretched based on the control signal in such a way that the second register position of the thread and the register position of the paper web are brought into agreement.
- the register position of the paper web can be detected by means of a second sensor that detects the paper screen, and/or by means of a third sensor that detects the resulting paper web, and/or by means of a rotary encoder of the paper screen and/or by means of a rotary encoder of the paper screen drive.
- the third sensor that detects the resulting paper web can be arranged before or after drying.
- the third sensor that detects the resulting paper web can detect a sequence of the features of the paper web.
- the thread can advantageously be embedded in the paper web in register with windows or other features provided in the paper web.
- the thread is already inserted into the paper web that is being formed.
- the thread can either be applied to the paper screen on which the paper pulp is deposited as a paper web, or the thread can be inserted, in particular on the paper screen, between at least two partial paper webs. This has the advantage that the thread can be surrounded by the paper at least in some areas, while a solid paper web is formed from the paper pulp and/or from the at least two partial paper webs.
- a second repeat length of the thread is shorter than a first repeat length of the paper web.
- the second repeat length of the thread is preferably 0.1% to 10%, preferably 0.1% to 5%, more preferably 0.2% to 3%, particularly preferably 0.3% to 1% shorter than one first repeat length of the paper web.
- the second repeat length of the thread is 2% shorter than a first repeat length of the paper web.
- the length factor is obtained from the percentage values mentioned by subtracting these percentage values from the number 1. In the above example of 2%, this results in a length factor of 0.98.
- the length factor can also be referred to as a stretch reserve.
- the devices according to the invention can be arranged next to one another in order to introduce one thread per track into the paper web in precise register, or the methods according to the invention can be carried out in parallel next to one another in order to introduce one thread per track into the paper web in precise register.
- the thread is preferably from one Thread roll unrolled and fed to the paper sieve.
- the thread preferably runs from the thread roll over various deflection rollers via a pull mechanism and a sensor roller onto the paper sieve forming the main former.
- the sensor roller is part of a measuring unit for thread tension.
- the tension mechanism regulates the stretch of the thread.
- the elongation of the thread can be measured using the measuring unit.
- the stretching of the thread can also be determined via the first sensor by comparing the thread speed, for example from the surface speed of the paper mesh with the time interval between two features of the thread and the unstretched interval between two features of the thread.
- the pulling mechanism can be controlled via an electronic control using the signals from the first sensor related to the thread and/or the second sensor related to the paper screen.
- the first sensor related to the thread preferably detects the register marks of the thread.
- the second sensor related to the paper screen preferably detects positional features on the paper screen.
- the signal from the second sensor related to the paper sieve can also come from the paper web itself and/or from one or more sensors which are arranged downstream of the paper sieve on the paper web instead of on the paper sieve.
- the second sensor related to the paper screen preferably detects position features directly on the paper screen and/or elements arranged there and firmly connected to the paper screen for generating the windows and/or the watermarks in the paper web.
- the second sensor preferably forwards these signals to the electronic control.
- the second sensor related to the paper sieve is preferably arranged on the circumference of the paper sieve.
- An optional third sensor can be arranged downstream of the paper screen on the paper web and, in one embodiment, represents an alternative to the second sensor related to the paper screen. This is advantageous because the paper screen and the elements connected to it Generation of the windows and/or the watermarks in the paper web may have positional tolerances that arise during the production of the paper screen and/or arise during production due to temperature fluctuations and/or due to signs of aging or wear on the paper screen.
- the optional third sensor can also be provided downstream of the paper screen on the paper web in addition to the second sensor related to the paper screen. This can be provided in particular for control in a closed loop control (closed-loop control) by comparing the actual values on the paper web present after the paper sieve with the signals from the sensors arranged on or upstream of the paper sieve in the electronic control, that is with the signals from the second sensor related to the paper mesh and the signals from the first sensor related to the thread.
- the third sensor detects in particular the signals of a window and/or a watermark in the paper web.
- a further optional fourth sensor can also be provided downstream of the paper screen on the paper substrate, which detects the position of the thread in the paper web. In the electronic control, the signals from the third and/or the fourth sensor can be compared with the signals from the first and/or the second sensor and if the signals deviate, the thread tension or the stretch of the thread can be adjusted.
- At least one dryer device is preferably arranged downstream of the paper sieve.
- the paper substrate with the embedded thread can be dried in the dryer device. During this drying, the paper substrate shrinks in length and width while the paper substrate is dried to a desired residual moisture level. It is advantageous if the paper substrate with the embedded thread is stretched, in particular during drying, in order to counteract the shrinkage somewhat and in particular to allow the shrinkage process to proceed in a more controlled manner by acting on the paper substrate in the feed direction.
- Such an elongation of the paper substrate with the embedded thread can be, for example, 0.5% to 5%, preferably 1% to 3%.
- the third and/or the fourth sensor downstream of the drying device. It is also possible to arrange the third and/or the fourth sensor upstream of the dryer device and/or downstream of the dryer device.
- a marking device is preferably arranged downstream of the dryer device. Using the marking device, markings can be applied and/or introduced onto the dried paper substrate.
- the register marks of the thread are preferably brought into line or synchronization with the register marks on the paper wire, including a tolerance range.
- higher tensile forces and therefore greater thread stretching may be required than during operation when the register is “standstill”.
- a further fifth sensor related to the thread can be arranged upstream, that is to say in the direction of travel, in front of the splicing device.
- the fifth sensor which is related to the thread, records the register mark of the thread used upstream of the splicing device.
- the further fifth sensor related to the thread can be provided as an alternative to the first sensor related to the thread or in addition to the first sensor related to the thread.
- the first sensor related to the thread is preferably arranged downstream of the splicing device.
- the fifth sensor related to the thread can support splicing near the register.
- two sensors are provided for detecting the register marks of the thread.
- the fifth sensor arranged in front of the splicing device picks up register marks provided in the running and/or lower and/or first thread. This can support splicing close to the register.
- the first sensor related to the thread is arranged after the splicing device and is used to adjust the stretch of the thread in order to establish or maintain registration with respect to the paper web.
- the thread and/or the first thread and/or the second thread and/or the leading thread and/or the original thread have an elastic modulus in the range from 2500 N/mm 2 to 5000 N/mm 2 , preferably in the range from 3000 N/mm 2 to 4500 N/mm 2 .
- the threads used differed in their structures, in particular the thickness and number of PET carrier films, with so-called full threads with two PET carrier films as well as so-called half-threads with one PET carrier film being measured.
- the threads used also differed in the number of layers as well as in the chemical formulation of the layers on the PET carrier film(s).
- the modulus of elasticity was determined in accordance with DIN ISO 527-1-3. For this purpose, 100 mm long thread sections with a width of 3 mm, 4.5 mm and 5 mm and a thickness in the range between 25 pm and 37 pm were measured in a Zwick measuring device (Zwick Z005 from Zwick GmbH & Co. KG, Ulm). clamped and measured.
- a thread preferably a leading thread
- the thread is “pulled into register” in each track.
- the threads in all tracks are spliced in register, i.e. connected to newly tapered thread rolls.
- the leading thread is connected to an original thread.
- the leading thread preferably corresponds to the first thread.
- the leading thread also generates a register signal or the leading thread has register marks but no security features. This means that after gripping, the leading thread can also be used to set a register to the paper web and save original thread.
- the register marks can also be suitable for detecting the front and/or back of the thread and thus its position using sensors.
- the original thread preferably corresponds to the second thread and is preferably manually clamped in the holding device with a known position.
- the trigger signal for the holding device now comes, if the leading thread has no register marks, preferably from a sensor on the paper sieve (something less precise signal than a register signal from a thread sensor), so that the original thread can enter “close to the register”.
- an infeed material is used for the initial gripping of the thread in the paper pulp or on the paper wire.
- This inlet material is in particular available as a separate roll material.
- the starting material is called the leader thread.
- the actual thread can have the inlet material in a leading area.
- leading thread can be designed in a version without register marks and/or without other functional and/or without decorative features.
- leading thread can have at least functional features, in particular in the form of register marks.
- the leading thread preferably has a clearly recognizable pattern (for example a label “Vorlaut / Preload” and/or a clearly recognizable pattern).
- the leader thread preferably has a surface whose adhesion properties do not differ from those of the original thread.
- the original thread means the thread used in normal operation.
- the original thread therefore includes in particular design features and/or security features and/or functional features, such as. B. Register marks. While the leading thread runs into the paper pulp forming the paper web or into the paper pulp forming the paper substrate, an initial anchoring of the respective leading thread is produced on all tracks in the paper substrate, but in one embodiment still without register in relation to the windows in the paper substrate. This anchoring phase can last different lengths for each track, in particular between 1 second and 600 seconds.
- the leading thread preferably has a length of between 50 m and 50,000 m, particularly preferably 500 m to 5,000 m, on each track or on each roll.
- This initial anchoring phase occurs in particular when the paper machine starts up and/or during a job change or in situations in which the continuous process flow is disrupted to such an extent that a restart of the process is necessary.
- the thread is inserted into the paper pulp forming the paper web or the paper substrate and the register is readjusted.
- the leading thread can have register marks which can be detected during and/or before and/or after the leading thread is gripped in the paper pulp by means of a sensor, preferably by means of the first sensor, and converted into sensor signals. These sensor signals can be used to set a register, ie a positional accuracy between the leading thread and the paper web.
- a register ie a positional accuracy between the leading thread and the paper web.
- the register marks can also be suitable for detecting the front and/or back of the thread and thus its position using sensors. As soon as all tracks have taken hold and in particular the register between the leading thread and the paper web is reached, an original thread is spliced close to the register in all tracks at the same time or at different times to the leading thread and then the register between the thread and windows in the paper substrate is adjusted with the help of the original thread.
- the leading thread can be arranged on a roll with a very long running length, so that this roll can be reused several times for several anchoring phases and in particular also positioning phases.
- each thread roll has a lead area.
- This lead area does not have any safety-relevant features, but only registration marks and/or other functional and/or decorative features.
- the lead area has a label “Preload / Preload” and/or a clearly recognizable pattern.
- the leading area preferably has a surface whose adhesion properties do not differ from those of the original thread.
- the lead area is preferably between 100 m and 1500 m long, particularly preferably between 200 m and 1000 m long.
- the register is created with the help of the register marks in the leading area, so that when the end of the leading area is reached, the register between the thread and the paper sieve is in the desired tolerance and when the thread runs in, there is only very little or no security features no more waste occurs.
- the position of the thread with respect to the front and back of the thread can also be adjusted relative to the paper substrate, in particular to avoid and/or correct undesirable twisting of the thread, so that when the end of the leading area is reached the position of the thread in relation to the front and back of the thread is correct relative to the paper substrate and when the thread with security features is fed in, there is very little or no waste at all.
- leading area has optical and/or magnetic and/or other features, whereby the paper substrate with an embedded leading area can be easily detected and sorted out.
- the paper substrate produced in this start-up phase which represents rejects, then preferably only contains inlet material (i.e. leading thread or leading area) and can be easily detected and selected, particularly sensorily, via its marking or via its other optical or functional appearance or behavior.
- inlet material i.e. leading thread or leading area
- a marking device is provided in the conveying path of the paper substrate downstream to the paper wire and more preferably downstream to the dryer device.
- This marking device is controlled by the electronic control in such a way that an optically recognizable marking is created on the paper substrate if there is no sufficiently precise register between the thread and the paper substrate and/or during the start-up phase with infeed material embedded in the paper substrate.
- the marking device can preferably be an inkjet print head or another electronically controllable printing module for releasing optically and/or electrically detectable substances onto the paper substrate.
- edge regions of the paper web are drier and therefore shortened compared to paper web regions arranged between the edges. These edge areas therefore shrink less during the subsequent drying process.
- the tensile force exerted on the relevant threads in these edge areas is adjusted accordingly when adjusting the register between thread and paper web. For example, an offset value for the tensile force can be stored in the control for these edge areas.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic drawing of an arch.
- Fig. 2 shows a schematic drawing to explain the
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic drawing of the arrangement of windows within a single benefit, for example a banknote.
- Fig. 4 shows a schematic drawing of the arrangement of an im
- Fig. 5 shows a schematic drawing of the arrangement of an im
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic drawing of a first
- Fig. 7 shows a schematic drawing of a second one
- Fig. 8 shows a schematic drawing of a third
- Fig. 9 shows a schematic drawing of an exemplary one
- Fig. 10 shows a thread connecting device with a
- Traction device and a first sensor in a front view when winding a first thread.
- Fig. 11 shows the thread connecting device with a
- Pulling device and a first sensor in a front view when applying a second thread to the first thread.
- Fig. 12 shows the thread connecting device with a
- Pulling device and a first sensor in a front view when laying down the second thread and taking the second thread with it through the first thread.
- Fig. 13 shows the thread connecting device with a
- FIG. 14 shows schematically the steps of a method for
- Fig. 15 shows a schematic drawing of a first variant
- Fig. 16 shows a schematic drawing of a second variant
- Fig. 17 shows a schematic drawing of a paper machine for the first variant from Fig. 15.
- Fig. 18 shows a schematic drawing of a paper machine for the second variant from Fig. 16.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic drawing of a sheet 1.
- a sheet is produced by spreading a paper pulp or a paper mash onto a paper screen and drying it.
- a thread is inserted in register into the paper pulp or paper mash.
- a large number of sheets can then be cut from the paper web, with FIG. 1 showing such a sheet 1 as an example.
- the sheet 1 has a gripper edge 2 and a rear edge 3 in the running direction L.
- the gripper edge 2 preferably has an extension of 20 mm to 50 mm in the running direction L, for example an extension of 25 mm.
- the rear edge 3 preferably has an extension of 10 mm to 30 mm in the running direction L, for example an extension of 15 mm.
- the sheet 1 has a large number of individual uses 4.
- the individual benefits 4 are, for example, banknotes.
- the gripper edge 2 and the rear edge 3 form an overhang on at least two opposite sides of the sheet in the running direction L.
- the embedded thread also has to have the same protrusion. This ensures that the embedded thread and the paper web have the same repeat length.
- the repeat length RP of the paper web preferably corresponds to the length of a sheet 1 in the running direction L including the gripper edge 2 and trailing edge 3.
- Fig. 2 shows a schematic drawing to explain the repeat length.
- the sheet length 1a on the paper web 100 corresponds at most to the repeat length RP on the paper web 100.
- the sheet length 1a can also be shorter than the repeat length RP the paper web 100.
- the sheets are made as a so-called “double cut”. This creates a short area of paper that needs to be disposed of.
- the register of the thread 10 to the paper web 100 is created in sheets.
- the register of the thread 10 is therefore created relative to the sheet and therefore not relative to individual windows or to an individual benefit 4, for example to a single banknote 8 within the sheet.
- the repeat gap 5 is the area consisting of the gripper edge 2 and the rear edge 3 and possibly also consisting of the paper area to be disposed of by double cutting.
- the entirety of the individual benefits 4 is also referred to as the banknote area 7.
- the tax stamp can be designed as a watermark 6 on the paper web 100.
- the arch cut is also carried out to separate the arches, i.e. to form individual arches.
- the bow cut will preferably carried out simply.
- the curved cut can be carried out twice, as explained above.
- the thread 10 also has functional features, in particular register marks.
- the register marks serve as alignment marks in the manufacturing process of the thread, but above all in the application process for the register-accurate arrangement of the threads 10 in the paper web 100 to the windows created there.
- the particular challenge here is that the windows are created practically at the same time as the thread is embedded and the paper web 100 is still very flexible and “imprecise”, so keeping it in register is challenging.
- the repeat length RF of the embedded thread 10 and the repeat length RP of the paper web 100 match. Accordingly, the repeat of the embedded thread 10 is divided into a design area 11 and the repeat gap 5.
- the reference number 11a denotes the length of the design area in the running direction.
- the position of the design area 11a preferably corresponds to the position of the banknote area 7 of the corresponding sheet 1.
- the embedded thread 10 preferably has at least one register mark 12.
- the position of the register mark 12 preferably corresponds to the position of the control mark of the corresponding sheet 1.
- exactly one register mark 12 is arranged on the thread 10 per repeat length RF, that is, per sheet 1.
- a position signal from the paper screen is measured per sheet 1 and a position signal from the register mark 12 on the thread 10.
- several register marks 12 are arranged on the thread 10 per repeat length RF. Accordingly, it is also possible for more than one position signal per repeat length RF to be measured, particularly on the thread 10. Accordingly, it is also possible for there to be more than one position signal per sheet 1 on the paper screen is measured.
- a position signal from the thread 10 and a position signal from the paper screen are measured.
- the register mark 12 is preferably arranged on the thread 10 in the running direction L within the repeat gap 5.
- at least one register mark 12 can be arranged in the window area in the form of a structure and/or a motif as part of the design.
- at least one register mark 12 in the form of a UV feature can be arranged in the window area as part of the design.
- at least one register mark 12 in the form of a magnetic code can be arranged as part of the design at any position within the repeat length RF.
- a window is provided in the paper substrate, which reveals a register mark of the thread.
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic drawing for the arrangement of several windows 9 within a single sheet 4, for example a banknote 8.
- the banknote 8 has an upper note edge 8a and a lower note edge 8b in the running direction L of the paper web 100.
- the windows 9 are preferably at a distance of 4 mm to 10 mm, particularly preferably a distance of 5 to 7 mm, from the upper edge of the note 8a.
- the distance between the windows 9 and the upper edge of the note 8a is, for example, 5 mm.
- the windows 9 are preferably at a distance of 4 mm to 10 mm, particularly preferably a distance of 5 mm to 7 mm, from the lower edge of the note 8b.
- the distance between the windows 9 and the lower note edge 8b is, for example, 5 mm.
- a web 9a is preferably formed between two adjacent windows 9.
- the web height that is to say the height of the web or the distance between two adjacent windows 9, is preferably 4 mm to 10 mm, particularly preferably 5 mm to 7 mm. In the example shown, the bar height is 5 mm.
- the window height that is to say the height of a window 9 or the distance between two adjacent webs 9a, is preferably 5 mm to 25 mm, particularly preferably 6 mm to 15 mm.
- Fig. 4 shows a schematic drawing of the arrangement of an image motif provided in the thread 10 with respect to a window 9 provided in the paper web 100 after the thread 10 has been embedded. It is assumed that the window 9 is formed at the target position.
- the thread 10 preferably has an individual image which is arranged in register with the window 9.
- a different individual image can be provided in each window 9 on an individual sheet 4, for example a banknote 8.
- the individual images can have different optical and/or machine-readable features.
- Identical first features can be provided, for example an endless design or even identical individual images.
- different second features such as: B. a UV feature and / or a magnetic code may be provided.
- D is the nominal window size.
- the length of the areas C1, C2 cannot be fully controlled and therefore the nominal window size D cannot be fully controlled either.
- the image motif created in the window after embedding may therefore have the following maximum length:
- the thread 10 is stretched during the integration process. For example, the thread 10 is stretched by 2%. This means that the design or the repeat length RF of the incoming thread must be shortened by 2%.
- X is the length factor
- the image motif Z on the thread that has not yet been embedded is shorter by the length factor X than the image motif A after embedding.
- Z X x A with X ⁇ 1 or
- the length factor Z of 0.98 corresponds to a “stretch reserve” of 2%.
- FIG 5 shows a schematic drawing of the arrangement of an image motif provided in the thread 10 with respect to a web 9a provided in the paper web 100 after the thread 10 has been embedded.
- the image motif A remains 100% visible.
- the position tolerance B for the image subject is usually less than 100% visible.
- S denotes the area of the thread that is never visible under the web 9a.
- the area consisting of B, S and B again forms the maximum possible area 9b over which the web 9a may extend.
- Fig. 6 shows a schematic drawing of a window 9 for a first, second and third example design in areas A and B.
- the image motif A is an individual image that is 100% visible.
- the position tolerance B includes a design in which it is not noticeable if there is an offset.
- the first example design shows a shading in position tolerance B.
- the second example design shows a pattern in position tolerance B.
- the third example design shows an open space in position tolerance B.
- Fig. 7 shows a schematic drawing of a banknote 8 for a fourth example design.
- the banknote 8 has three windows 9. Each of the windows 9 shows a different individual image which is provided on the thread 10.
- Fig. 8 shows an enlarged section of the banknote 8 for the fourth example design from Fig. 7.
- the two upper windows 9 are shown and the extent of the image motif A as well as the extent of the area B ', which is formed from B, S and B again , marked.
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic drawing of an exemplary sheet 1, more precisely a banknote sheet with banknote 8 according to FIG. 7.
- the sheet 1 has 3 x 6 banknotes 8 as individual sheets 4.
- Each banknote 8 has three windows 9, each of which allows a different individual image to appear.
- Three threads 10 are embedded in the bow 1.
- Each of the three threads 10 has the same sequence of the three individual images.
- the sheet 1 has a gripper edge 2 and a rear edge 3, in each of which windows 9 are provided, in which areas of the thread 10 are visible and here in particular show register marks 12, on which the register accuracy of the thread 10 to the sheet 1 can be detected particularly well, for example by optical sensors.
- the aim is to design integrate the thread 10 into a document, for example into a banknote 8, in register with other design features on the document. If there are defined motifs in the individual windows 9 that always remain the same and have the same position, these motifs can be an integrated part of an overall design of the document (e.g. banknote). In particular, at least one motif in a window 9 and at least one further motif or design feature of the document can form a composite design or motif.
- the thread 10 preferably has a design which is aligned and/or adapted to the windows 9 in the paper web 100 and/or to the intermediate paper bridges in the form of the webs 9a.
- Figures 10 to 13 show a thread connecting device 20 in a front view when winding a first thread 10b.
- the thread connecting device 20 has a plate-like support structure 21.
- the support structure 21 is arranged between a provision station for threads and a processing device in which the thread strand is processed into a product (not shown here).
- the support structure 21 can be arranged to be stationary or movable.
- the support structure 21 can be attached to the z. B. the handle visible in Fig. 10 can be swiveled down/forward to make it easier to insert the threads.
- the support structure 21 can, for example, be located above head height.
- the threads are fed to the thread connecting device 20 by a supply device.
- the provision device can be a first spool for providing a first thread and a second spool for providing the second thread (possibly with a plurality of further spools with further threads).
- the provision station it is also possible for the provision station to be a manufacturing device which, on the one hand, produces a first thread and, on the other hand, a second thread.
- the thread connecting device 20 can switch between two different thread types, e.g. B. with different design features and/or security features and/or functional features. In particular, this can also be used Switching between a leading thread and an original thread can be made possible.
- the processing device is, for example, a production device for a security document such as a banknote, in which the thread strand formed with the threads is a security thread which is embedded in the base material of the banknote.
- a conveying path 22 for a first thread 4 is formed in the thread connecting device 20.
- the first thread 10b is conveyed without interruption along the conveying path 22, which can be done at a constant speed, a changing speed greater than zero or intermittently with a regular pattern of different speeds.
- a path 24 (see FIGS. 11 to 13) for a second thread 10c is formed in the thread connecting device 20. In the path 24, there is initially no conveying movement of the second thread 10c before the threads 10b, 10c are connected. However, there is an approaching or merging movement of the path 24 in the direction of the conveying path 22.
- the thread connecting device 20 has a guide device 26, a wetting device 27, a cutting device 28, a guide device 29, a guide device 30 and a guide device 31, which in this direction in the conveying direction of the first thread 10b in the conveying path 22 interacts with the first thread 10b step.
- the thread connecting device 20 has the guide device 26, a clamping device 32, a combining device 33, which Guide device 31 and a holding device 34, which in this
- Sequence are arranged along the path 24 of the second thread 10c.
- the guide device 26 arranged at the beginning of the thread connecting device 20 consists of two cylindrical guide rollers which have a step-shaped extension at the free end regions and whose axis of rotation is oriented vertically here.
- the lateral surface of the guide rollers with the smaller diameter interact with the threads 10b, 10c, so that the longitudinal extent of this partial area of the guide rollers is dimensioned such that this area extends in the conveying path 22 and the path 24.
- the guide rollers are rotatably held on a carrier.
- the carrier is in turn held on the support structure 21 via a support element designed here as an L-angle plate.
- a fine adjustment of the guide device 26 can be carried out by rotating the carrier relative to the support element about an adjustment axis oriented parallel to the axis of rotation of the guide rollers.
- the guide rollers When looking in the conveying direction of the first thread 10b, the guide rollers form a vertical gap, the gap width of which can be adjusted using the adjustment explained.
- the guide device 26 serves to guide the thread 10b in a horizontal plane and transversely to the conveying direction of the same.
- the wetting device 27 has a connection via which the wetting device 27 is supplied with the liquid which is to be applied as wetting 39 to the first thread 10b. Furthermore, the wetting device 27 has a nozzle on the outlet side, via which the discharge behavior of the liquid from the wetting device 27 is specified.
- the liquid can in particular be water.
- the wetting device 27 also has an electronically controlled valve and an electronic control connection for controlling the valve via an electronic control unit. By means of the valve, the wetting device 27 can be activated when the threads are connected 10b, 10c should take place and this can be deactivated if the threads 10b, 10c are not connected.
- Figures 10 to 13 show a thread connecting device 20 according to Figure 10 at different times during the execution of a method for connecting the two threads 10b, 10c. This method is also explained using the process flow according to FIG. 14:
- a method step 60 for which the thread connecting device 20 is shown in FIG. 10, the first thread 10b is transported along the conveying path 22 with a conveying movement 61 through the thread connecting device 20 and fed to the downstream processing device.
- the second thread 10c is introduced into the thread connecting device 20.
- the method step 62 can already be carried out before the conveying operation for the first thread 10b begins, so that on the one hand the first thread 10b is inserted into the thread connecting device 20 and on the other hand the second thread 10c is inserted into the thread connecting device 20 and already before the conveying operation begins for the first thread 10b is taken care of for a later change from the conveyance of the first thread 10b to the second thread 10c.
- the second thread 10c it is also possible for the second thread 10c to be inserted when the first thread 10b has been conveyed for a predetermined time, and/or a predetermined and possibly measured length of the first thread 10b has been conveyed and/or an approach or reaching of one End section 78 of the first thread 10b takes place.
- a method step 63 the clamping device 95 is first removed from the holding device 34 and a free end of the starting section 64 of the second thread 10c is clamped between the clamping surfaces. This can be the case, for example, in the area of a coil on which the second thread 10c is wound.
- the clamping device 95 is opened manually, the end is inserted between the clamping surfaces and the clamping device 95 reaches the clamping position with the elimination of the manual actuation forces as a result of the action of the clamping spring.
- the initial section 64 of the second thread 10c is inserted into the thread connecting device 20.
- the initial section 64 is introduced into the guide device 26 in a method step 65.
- a method step 66 the clamping device 32 is opened by manually actuating the operating lever 50 and the initial section 64 is placed between the clamping plate and the clamping jaw. If the manual operating force from the operating lever 50 is removed, the spring closes the clamping jaw, whereby the initial section 64 is clamped by the clamping device 32.
- the cutting device 28 is not actuated to the extent that the first thread 10b is severed.
- the initial section 64 is placed on the guide roller 52.
- the wrap angle of the guide roller 52 can only be a few degrees (in particular 1° to 10° or 2° to 6°). Furthermore, the initial section 64 is guided along the unification roller 59.
- method step 68 the initial section 64 is guided by the guide device 31.
- the clamping device 95 is attached or attached to the carriage of the holding device 34.
- the conveying path 22 is spaced apart from the path 24, so that there is a gap everywhere between the two threads 10b, 10c.
- the combining device 33 is in the inactive operating position, which means that there is still a small gap between the threads 10b, 10c in a working area 70 of the combining device 33.
- the thread 10b continues to be conveyed uninterrupted with the conveying movement 61, while the second thread 10c is not conveyed.
- a rotation of the guide roller 53 and/or the deflection roller 54 is caused by the friction of the first thread 10b with them. Is possible but also that, for example, the deflection roller 54 is driven via a drive, not shown here.
- the wetting device 27 is first controlled in a method step 72 (in particular by the control unit via the valve) so that it dispenses the liquid 73, whereby a wetting 39 is generated on the first thread 10b on the side facing the second thread 10c.
- the combining device 33 is actuated in a method step 74 (in particular by the control unit via the valve), with the result that the pivoting lever 91 in the pivoting direction 75 is pivoted.
- a method step 74 in particular by the control unit via the valve
- the pivoting lever 91 in the pivoting direction 75 is pivoted.
- the combining roller 59 with the friction rings comes into contact with the lateral surface of the deflection roller 54.
- the combining roller 59 is set in rotation.
- the height of the friction rings and the elasticity are designed such that between the lateral surface of the thread guide surface and the lateral surface of the deflection roller 54, the second thread 10c is placed on the first thread 10b equipped with the wetting 39 and is pressed against it.
- the prerequisite for the movement of the second thread 10c in the longitudinal direction is the release by the holding device 95 and the clamping device 32.
- the second thread 10c is carried along by the first thread 10b, and this can be done immediately or one gradual acceleration of the second thread 10c takes place with a decreasing slip. Initially only a tensile force is exerted by the first thread 10b.
- the guide roller 52 is also rotated as a result of the pressure or wrapping.
- the actuator 57 is actuated in one process step (in particular via the control unit and the valve) in such a way that the clamping device 95 is transferred to the non-clamping position, with which the free end of the second thread 10c is released and can fall onto the first thread 10b due to its own weight due to the gravitational force.
- the second thread 10c can be guided horizontally by the guide device 31.
- the clamping device 32 Before the unification, with the unification or shortly after the unification, the clamping device 32 is moved into the release position (in particular via the control of the valve by the control unit), for which the actuator 46 carries out the first partial stroke. Even in the release position of the clamping device 32, it continues to hold the second thread 10c above and at a distance from the first thread 10b, so that the threads 10b, 10c are only combined in the working area 70 of the combining device 33.
- a connecting section of the thread strand is fed to the processing device downstream of the thread connecting device 20 for the shortest possible period of time and a short length of the section of the thread strand, in which the initial section 64 of the second thread 10c rests on the end section 78 of the first thread 10b and these are adhesively connected to one another via the wetting 39 until the free end of the end section 78 of the first thread 10b is reached.
- the connecting section in which the threads 10b, 10c overlap is kept as short as possible.
- a residual end 81 of the first thread 10b that is no longer needed can be cut off via the cutting device 28 downstream of the connecting section, the length of which is dimensioned such that a sufficient adhesive effect is achieved.
- the actuator 46 of the clamping and cutting device 41 is controlled via the control unit to carry out the second partial stroke, with the end of which the cutting knife cuts through the first thread 10b.
- the second thread 10c is released by the clamping device 32 in such a way that it can assume the position of the first thread 10b in the normal conveying operation according to FIG. 10, whereby the second thread 10c is moved along the conveying path 22 and the second thread 10c, viewed for a possible later connection process with another thread, becomes the first thread 10b.
- the control unit controls the combining device 33 back into the inactive operating position, in which there is no frictional contact between the combining roller 59 and the deflection roller 54.
- first thread 10b is connected to a second thread 10c only once.
- this process it is also possible for this process to be carried out when one end of a thread is reached, so that a strand of thread 79 is produced, the length of which corresponds to a multiple of the length of a thread 10b, 10c.
- the threads 10b, 10c can in particular be connected without the use of aids external to the process, for example an adhesive strip, an adhesive or a sewing thread. Rather, water can be used for the liquid 73, for example, which is used in the processing process anyway or is volatile without leaving any residue. Furthermore, the method according to the invention should make it possible, under coordination by the control unit or several control units that are networked or communicating with each other, to connect pairs of threads in parallel at the same time.
- the wetting device 27 has an atomizer for the liquid 73, which can be formed with the nozzle or otherwise.
- the wetting 39 of the first thread 10b can be designed in such a way and the pressing of the threads 10b, 10c in the area of the combining device 33 can take place in such a way that nothing else and in particular no air is arranged between the threads 10b, 10c apart from the liquid.
- the unification roller 59 and/or the deflection roller 54 are elastic.
- the combining device 33 can be moved (via the control unit or, under certain circumstances, manually) into an extended opening position, in which the insertion of the second thread is simplified.
- the deflection roller 54 is made of a material with high density or is equipped with additional rotating masses and thus has a greater inertia than the unification roller 59 (for example at least 1.5 times larger, at least twice larger, at least three times larger or at least five times larger ), so that the acceleration of the unification roller 59 can be brought about with the large inertia of the deflection roller 54. It is also possible for any of the rollers 52, 53, 54, 59 to be driven via an additional drive to support the conveying movement.
- color identification can be carried out, for example, by applying a color to the connecting section 83, so that after the connecting section 83 has been fed to the processing process, the products that come with it can be separated out later Processing process are generated and in which the connecting section 83 is located, can be simplified.
- the two partial strokes can be distinguished by different pressure levels when the pneumatic actuator 46 is actuated, so that a corresponding pressure control device can be used.
- the second thread 10c accelerates, it picks up a conveying movement 85, which approaches the speed of the conveying movement 61 as the slip decreases.
- the narrow cylindrical lateral surfaces of the friction rings form driving surfaces that can be taken along by the lateral surface of the deflection roller 54. Due to the radial dimension of the friction rings, a gap forms between the lateral surface of the deflection roller 54 and the lateral surface of the thread guide surface, which reduces the holding force of the second thread 10c on the unifying roller 59.
- a normal force that acts on the threads 10b, 10c between the deflection roller 54 and the unification roller 59 can be structurally specified by the elasticity of the unification roller 59, the friction rings and/or the deflection roller 54 as well as the radial dimension of the friction rings.
- the description and the patent claims also make reference to a parallel operation of several thread connecting devices for the simultaneous provision of several thread strands for a common processing process or several parallel processing processes.
- the same reference numbers are used for the same components of the different parallel devices, with the corresponding devices operated in parallel then being distinguished from one another by a supplementary letter a, b, ....
- the width of the threads 10b, 10c is preferably in the range from 1 mm to 25 mm, preferably in the range from 2 mm to 15 mm, whereby for both specified ranges the thickness of the threads 10b, 10c in the range from 6 pm to 100 pm, preferably in the range from 20 pm to 50 pm, particularly preferably in the range from 25 pm to 35 pm can be.
- the same (then multifunctional) valve is used to control the pneumatic actuator for the clamping device 32 and to control the pneumatic actuator 90 for controlling the combining device 33.
- the pneumatic design is such that the same pneumatic pressure controlled via the multifunctional valve is sufficient to switch the combining device 33 from the inactive operating position to the active operating position and at the same time to transfer the clamping device 32 to the non-clamping operating position without opening the Clamping device 32 takes place in the more open operating position and thus the cutting device 28 is also actuated.
- the cutting of the excess end region of the first thread 10b can be brought about with a manual actuation of the operating lever 50 after the adhesive connection has been produced.
- the second thread 10c can be added manually during the ongoing process if the first thread 10b is not yet finished.
- the paper manufacturing process is not interrupted.
- the areas in which the threads 10b, 10c are doubled can be marked and separated later.
- Figures 15 and 16 show two different options for guiding the thread 10 to the paper screen in order to introduce the thread 10 into the paper web 100 there.
- the actual paper screen is referred to below as main former 101.
- the main former 101 is preceded by another paper screen, which is called the preformer 102.
- a couch roller 103 is connected downstream of the main former.
- preformer 102 and Couch roll 103 the English terms mainformer, shortformer and suction couch roll are also used.
- Fig. 15 shows a schematic drawing of a first variant of the paper run and thread run on the paper screens.
- the thread 10 runs into the main former 101 from below. This results in a long wrap around the main former 101 in a comparatively large circumferential area of the main former 101. The thread 10 rests on the main former 101.
- An additional, thin paper web 100a without features is fed via the preformer 102 upstream of paper production in this embodiment to the main former 101 and is there combined with the paper web produced on the main former 101 and the thread 10 to form a merged paper web 100.
- the thread 10 is arranged between the two paper layers of the paper web 100.
- it is advantageous if the incoming tension of the incoming thread 10 is sufficiently large that the thread 10 rests sufficiently firmly on the paper screen 101. This advantageously prevents backwashing of the lying thread 10 in the window areas. This means that these areas of the thread 10 can be exposed later.
- the paper substrate is removed from the merged paper web 100 with the thread 10 integrated therein via the couch roller 103.
- the thread inlet is in particular also as shown here.
- Fig. 16 shows a schematic drawing of a second variant of the paper path and thread path on paper screens.
- the thread 10 runs in from above on the main former 101 from the side of the preformer 102. This results in only a short wrap or rest of the thread 10 on the main former 101. This results in a largely free window formation on the main former 101.
- the thread 10 lies here in particular on the paper of the paper web created in the main former 101.
- An additional, thin paper web 100a is fed to the main former 101 via the preformer 102 located upstream in paper production, where it is combined with the paper web produced on the main former 101 and the thread 10 to form the merged paper web 100.
- the thread 10 is arranged between the two paper layers of the paper web 100.
- the paper substrate is removed from the merged paper web 100 with the thread 10 integrated therein via the couch roller 103.
- Fig. 17 shows a schematic drawing of a paper machine for the first variant from Fig. 15.
- the thread 10 runs from the thread roll 10a via a measuring unit 110, various deflection rollers via a pull mechanism 120 and a sensor roller (not shown) onto the paper screen 101 forming the main former.
- the sensor roller belongs to a measuring unit 113 for the thread tension.
- the tension mechanism 120 regulates the thread tension and, depending on this, the stretch of the thread, which can be measured via the measuring unit 113.
- the pulling mechanism 120 is controlled via an electronic control 130 by the signals from the first sensor 111 related to the thread and the second sensor 104 related to the paper screen 101.
- the first sensor 111 related to the thread detects the register marks of the thread 10.
- the second sensor 104 related to the paper screen 101 detects position features on the paper screen 101.
- the signal from the second sensor 104 related to the paper screen 101 can also come from the paper web instead of on the paper screen 101 100 yourself and/or from one or more sensors, which are arranged downstream of the paper screen 101 on the paper web 100.
- the second sensor 104 related to the paper screen detects position features directly on the paper screen 101 and elements arranged there and firmly connected to the paper screen 101 for generating the windows and / or the watermarks in the paper web 100 and forwards these signals to the electronic control 130. It is preferred the second sensor 104 related to the paper sieve is arranged on the circumference of the paper sieve 101.
- An optional third sensor 105 is arranged downstream of the paper screen 101 on the paper web 100 and, in one embodiment, represents an alternative to the second sensor 104 related to the paper screen. This is advantageous because the paper screen 101 and the elements associated with it for generating the windows and / or the watermarks in the paper web 100 may have positional tolerances that arise during the production of the paper screen 101 and / or arise during production
- the optional third sensor 105 can also be provided downstream of the paper screen 101 on the paper web 100 in addition to the second sensor 104 related to the paper screen. This can be provided in particular for closed-loop control by comparing the actual values on the paper web 100 present after the paper screen 101 with the signals from the sensors in the electronic control 130 arranged on or upstream of the paper screen 101 be, that is, with the signals of the second sensor 104 related to the paper screen and the signals of the first sensor 111 related to the thread.
- the third sensor 105 detects in particular the signals of a window and / or a watermark in the Paper web 100.
- a further optional fourth sensor 106 is also provided downstream of the paper screen 101 on the paper substrate, which detects the position of the thread 10 in the paper web 100.
- the signals from the third 105 and fourth sensor 106 are then compared with the signals from the first 111 and second sensor 104 and, if there are deviations in the signals, the thread tension or the stretch of the thread is adjusted if necessary.
- At least one dryer device 140 is arranged downstream of the paper sieve 101, in which the paper substrate with the now embedded thread 10 is dried. During this drying, the paper substrate shrinks in length and width while the paper substrate is dried to a desired residual moisture level.
- the paper substrate with the embedded thread 10 is stretched, in particular during drying, in order to counteract the shrinkage somewhat and in particular to allow the shrinkage process to proceed in a more controlled manner by acting on the paper substrate in the feed direction.
- Such an elongation of the paper substrate with the embedded thread 10 can be, for example, 0.5% to 5%, preferably 1% to 3%.
- the third 105 and fourth sensors 106 may also be advantageous to arrange the third 105 and fourth sensors 106 downstream of the drying device 140. It is possible to arrange the third 105 and fourth sensors 106 upstream of the dryer device 140 and/or downstream of the dryer device 140.
- a marking device 141 (see above) is preferably arranged downstream of the drying device 140 in order to apply and/or introduce any desired markings onto the dried paper substrate.
- the register marks of the thread 10 With the signals detected by the sensors, the register marks of the thread 10 are brought into alignment or synchronization with the register marks on the paper screen 101, including a tolerance range. In order to bring the thread 10 into the register, for example in the start-up phase or when changing rolls, higher tensile forces and thus a greater thread stretch are required than during operation when the register is “standstill”.
- a further fifth sensor 112 related to the thread can be arranged in front of the splicing device.
- the fifth sensor 112, which is related to the thread, records the register mark of the thread used upstream of the splicing device 150.
- the further fifth sensor 112 related to the thread can be provided as an alternative to the first sensor 111 related to the thread or in addition to the first sensor 111 related to the thread.
- the first sensor 111 related to the thread is preferably arranged downstream of the splicing device 150.
- the additional fifth sensor 112 related to the thread can support splicing near the register.
- two sensors are provided for detecting the register marks 12 of the thread 10.
- the fifth sensor 112 arranged in front of the splicing device 150 picks up the register mark in the running (lower) thread. This can support splicing close to the register.
- the first sensor 111 related to the thread is arranged after the splicing device 150 and is used to adjust the stretch of the Thread 10 to establish or maintain registration with respect to the paper web 100.
- Fig. 18 shows a schematic drawing of a paper machine for the second variant from Fig. 16.
- the thread 10 is fed to the paper wire 101 on the same side as the paper web 100a coming from the preformer 102 (not shown) is fed to the paper wire 101 (main former).
- FIG. 18 corresponds to FIG. 17. Reference is made to the explanations given for FIG. 17.
- a thread 10, preferably a leading thread is shot into the paper pulp forming the paper web 100 for the first time for each track to be used.
- the respective thread 10, preferably the leading thread takes hold in the paper pulp and on the paper wire, that is, until it is reliably taken along, it takes a slightly different amount of time per track.
- the thread 10, preferably the leading thread is “pulled into register” in each track.
- the threads 10 are spliced in register in all tracks, that is, connected to newly tapered thread rolls.
- the leading thread is connected to an original thread.
- an infeed material is used for the initial gripping of the thread in the paper pulp or on the paper wire.
- This inlet material is in particular available as a separate roll material.
- the starting material is called the leader thread.
- the actual thread can have the inlet material in a leading area.
- leading thread can be designed in a version without register marks and/or without other functional and/or without decorative features.
- leading thread can have at least functional features, in particular in the form of register marks.
- the leading thread preferably only has a clearly recognizable pattern (for example a label “Vorlaut / Preload” and/or a clearly recognizable pattern).
- the leader thread preferably has a surface whose adhesion properties do not differ from those of the original thread.
- the original thread means the thread 10 used in normal operation. So the original thread includes in particular design features and/or security features and/or
- the leading thread preferably has a length of between 50 m and 50,000 m, particularly preferably 500 m to 5,000 m, on each track or on each roll.
- This initial anchoring phase occurs in particular when the paper machine starts up and/or during a job change or in situations in which the continuous process flow is disrupted to such an extent that a restart of the process is necessary. When restarting, the thread is injected into the paper pulp forming the paper web 100 or the paper substrate and the register is readjusted.
- the leading thread can have register marks which can be detected during and/or before and/or after the leading thread is gripped in the paper pulp by means of a sensor, preferably by means of the first sensor, and converted into sensor signals. These sensor signals can be used to set a register, ie a positional accuracy between the leading thread and the paper web.
- a register ie a positional accuracy between the leading thread and the paper web.
- an original thread is spliced close to the register in all tracks at the same time or at different times to the leading thread and then the register between the thread and windows in the paper substrate is adjusted with the help of the original thread.
- the leader thread can be arranged on a roll with a very long running length, so that this roll can be reused several times for several anchoring phases.
- each thread roll has a lead area.
- This lead area does not have any safety-relevant features, but only registration marks and/or other functional and/or decorative features.
- the lead area has a label “Preload / Preload” and/or a clearly recognizable pattern.
- the leading area preferably has a surface whose adhesion properties do not differ from those of the original thread.
- the lead area is preferably between 100 m and 1500 m long, particularly preferably between 200 m and 1000 m long.
- the register is created with the help of the register marks in the leading area, so that when the end of the leading area is reached, the register between the thread and the paper sieve is in the desired tolerance and when the thread runs in, there is only very little or no security features no more waste occurs.
- the position of the thread with respect to the front and back of the thread can also be adjusted relative to the paper substrate, in particular to avoid and/or correct undesirable twisting of the thread, so that when the end of the leading area is reached the position of the thread in relation to the front and back of the thread is correct relative to the paper substrate and when the thread with security features is fed in, there is very little or no waste at all.
- leading area has optical and/or magnetic and/or other features, whereby the paper substrate with an embedded leading area can be easily detected and sorted out.
- the paper substrate produced in this start-up phase which represents rejects, then preferably only contains inlet material (i.e. leading thread or leading area) and can be easily detected and selected, particularly sensorily, via its marking or via its other optical or functional appearance or behavior.
- inlet material i.e. leading thread or leading area
- a marking device is provided in the conveying path of the paper substrate downstream to the paper wire and more preferably downstream to the dryer device.
- This marking device is controlled by the electronic control in such a way that an optically recognizable marking is created on the paper substrate if there is no sufficiently precise register between the thread and the paper substrate and/or during the start-up phase with infeed material embedded in the paper substrate.
- the marking device can preferably be an inkjet print head or another electronic one Controllable printing module for releasing optically and/or electrically detectable substances onto the paper substrate.
- edge regions of the paper web 100 are drier and therefore shortened in comparison to paper web regions arranged between the edges. These edge areas therefore shrink less during the subsequent drying process.
- the tensile force exerted on the relevant threads in these edge areas is adjusted accordingly when adjusting the register between thread 10 and paper web 100. For example, an offset value for the tensile force can be stored in the control for these edge areas.
Landscapes
- Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202380053596.9A CN119677905A (zh) | 2022-07-15 | 2023-07-12 | 用于输送线股的方法、用于线股与纸幅同步的方法、用于线与纸幅同步的方法、用于执行方法的设备 |
| EP23744696.8A EP4555136A2 (de) | 2022-07-15 | 2023-07-12 | Verfahren zum fördern eines fadenstrangs, verfahren zum synchronisieren eines fadenstrangs mit einer papierbahn, verfahren zum synchronisieren eines fadens mit einer papierbahn, vorrichtung zum durchführen der verfahren |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022117744.0A DE102022117744A1 (de) | 2022-07-15 | 2022-07-15 | Verfahren zum Fördern eines Fadenstrangs, Verfahren zum Synchronisieren eines Fadenstrangs mit einer Papierbahn, Verfahren zum Synchronisieren eines Fadens mit einer Papierbahn, Vorrichtung zum Durchführen der Verfahren |
| DE102022117744.0 | 2022-07-15 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2024013208A2 true WO2024013208A2 (de) | 2024-01-18 |
| WO2024013208A3 WO2024013208A3 (de) | 2024-03-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
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| PCT/EP2023/069262 Ceased WO2024013208A2 (de) | 2022-07-15 | 2023-07-12 | Verfahren zum fördern eines fadenstrangs, verfahren zum synchronisieren eines fadenstrangs mit einer papierbahn, verfahren zum synchronisieren eines fadens mit einer papierbahn, vorrichtung zum durchführen der verfahren |
Country Status (4)
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| EP (1) | EP4555136A2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119677905A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022117744A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024013208A2 (de) |
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| DE102024110188B4 (de) * | 2024-04-11 | 2025-11-13 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Sicherheitsprodukt, sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitsprodukts |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3550543A (en) * | 1967-11-16 | 1970-12-29 | Mohasco Ind Inc | Textile apparatus and method for transversely aligning pattern marks |
| US4432481A (en) * | 1982-06-14 | 1984-02-21 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Splice-in-register control |
| JPS6081956U (ja) * | 1983-11-10 | 1985-06-06 | 株式会社東京自働機械製作所 | フイルム供給装置 |
| US4859270A (en) * | 1987-09-11 | 1989-08-22 | Martin Automatic, Inc. | In-register web splicer |
| GB2395959B (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-11-10 | Rue De Int Ltd | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a fibrous substrate incorporating an el ongate element |
| DE102008022697A1 (de) * | 2008-05-07 | 2009-12-10 | Windmöller & Hölscher Kg | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Abwickeln bahnförmigen Materials sowie bahnverarbeitende Maschine |
| DE102011112554A1 (de) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-07 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitspapiers und Mikrolinsenfaden |
| DE102011115133A1 (de) * | 2011-10-07 | 2013-04-11 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines blattförmigen Substrates |
| DE102013000445A1 (de) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer endlosen Papierbahn und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung desselben |
| DE102016014230A1 (de) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-05-30 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Wertdokument, Verfahren zum Herstellen desselben und Wertdokumentsystem |
| EP3747810A1 (de) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-09 | Georg Sahm GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zum verbinden von bändern, bänderverbindungseinrichtung, verarbeitungssystem und verwendung |
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- 2022-07-15 DE DE102022117744.0A patent/DE102022117744A1/de active Pending
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2023
- 2023-07-12 WO PCT/EP2023/069262 patent/WO2024013208A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-07-12 CN CN202380053596.9A patent/CN119677905A/zh active Pending
- 2023-07-12 EP EP23744696.8A patent/EP4555136A2/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102022117744A1 (de) | 2024-01-18 |
| EP4555136A2 (de) | 2025-05-21 |
| WO2024013208A3 (de) | 2024-03-14 |
| CN119677905A (zh) | 2025-03-21 |
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