WO2024043482A1 - 비수계 전해질 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
비수계 전해질 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
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- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte composition, and more specifically, to a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte composition capable of producing a battery with improved oxidation potential window, excellent oxidation stability and high energy density, and a lithium secondary battery containing the same.
- secondary batteries have been widely applied not only to small devices such as portable electronic devices, but also to medium-to-large devices such as battery packs of hybrid vehicles or electric vehicles or power storage devices.
- These secondary batteries are made by applying a composition containing an electrode active material to an appropriate thickness and length on a current collector and drying it, or by molding the electrode active material itself into a film shape to produce a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and then wrapping them together with an insulating separator in between. It is manufactured by stacking electrodes to create an electrode assembly, placing it in a can or similar container, and then injecting electrolyte.
- the electrolyte must have a potential window wider than the potential difference between the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material to suppress side reactions of the electrolyte solution induced at the interface of the electrode active material.
- decomposition of the electrolyte can be suppressed by forming a protective film that prevents direct contact between the electrolyte and the electrode active material.
- succinonitrile, adiponitrile, glutaronitrile, etc. are used as electrolyte additives for protecting the anode. They are known to provide excellent thermal properties and high-temperature performance and to improve voltage drop during the activation process. In addition, it is known to increase ionic conductivity and polarity, and to form a strong bond with the transition metal such as cobalt on the surface of the anode as the nitrile group inhibits various interfacial side reactions through metal-ligand bonding, thereby blocking gas generation or micro-short-circuit paths. .
- the electrolyte additives have an excellent effect in protecting the surface of the positive electrode active material as described above, they do not form a protective film on the negative electrode active material and therefore do not suppress side reactions between the negative electrode active material and the electrolyte solution. Accordingly, cell performance can be improved by separately adding an electrolyte additive such as vinylene carbonate to control reactivity with the cathode.
- electrolyte additives such as vinylene carbonate can suppress side reactions of the electrolyte at the cathode by lowering the reactivity between the cathode and the electrolyte, but due to low oxidation resistance, there is a problem of generating gas at the anode when operated for a long time at high temperature and high voltage. there is.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrolyte composition for a lithium secondary battery that has a high oxidation potential window, improves side reactions at the positive electrode, and can be used even under high voltage conditions.
- the present invention in one embodiment, the present invention
- an electrolyte composition having an oxidation potential window greater than 4.5V:
- R 1 is , or ego
- R 1 ' and R 1 " are hydrogen or methyl groups, respectively
- R 2 is an oxygen atom; nitrogen atom; sulfur atom; Arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; Aryleneoxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; A heteroarylene group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms containing at least one hetero atom selected from N, S, and O; A heteroaryleneoxy group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms containing at least one hetero atom selected from N, S, and O; Alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; Alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; Cycloalkyl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms; or Contains one or more of the following,
- R 3 is a fluoro group, an alkyl group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or But,
- the alkyl group, alkoxy group, cycloalkyl group, and One or more of the hydrogen contained in may be replaced with a fluorine atom
- M includes at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, tetraalkylammonium having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and tetraalkylphosphonium having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
- l is an integer from 1 to 6
- n are each integers from 2 to 20.
- the oxidation potential window of the electrolyte composition may exist between 5.0 and 6.0 V.
- R 2 is an ethylene group, propylene group, cyclohexylene group, phenylene group, oxymethylene group, pyrrole group, oxyphenylene group, oxynaphthalenyl group, oxypyrrole group, oxythiophenylene group, oxyfuranyl group, or ego,
- R 3 is a fluoro group, a methyl group, a methyl fluoride group, a methoxy group, a fluorinated methoxy group, or However, the above One or more of the hydrogen contained in may be optionally replaced with a fluorine atom,
- M may be lithium.
- the electrolyte additive represented by Formula 1 may include any one or more compounds of the following ⁇ Structural Formula 1> to ⁇ Structural Formula 17>:
- the electrolyte additive represented by Formula 1 may be included in an amount of 10% by weight or less based on the total weight of the electrolyte composition.
- non-aqueous organic solvent may include an ester-based solvent represented by the following formula (2):
- X 1 and X 2 are each hydrogen, fluoro group, methyl group, ethyl group, methyl fluoride group, ethyl fluoride group, or vinyl group,
- p is an integer from 1 to 3.
- ester-based solvent represented by Formula 2 may include one or more of dihydrofuranone, vinyldihydrofuranone, fluorodihydrofuranone, furanone, or tetrahydropyranone.
- non-aqueous organic solvent may include a fluorine-containing ether-based solvent; Fluorine-containing cyclic carbonate-based solvent; linear carbonate-based solvent; It may further include one or more auxiliary solvents such as phosphate-based solvents or sulfone-based solvents.
- the auxiliary solvent may be included in less than 50% by volume based on the total volume of the non-aqueous organic solvent.
- An electrode assembly including an anode, a cathode, and a separator disposed between the anode and the cathode;
- a lithium secondary battery comprising the electrolyte composition according to the present invention described above is provided.
- the positive electrode may include one or more positive electrode active materials among lithium metal oxides represented by the following Chemical Formula 3 or Chemical Formula 4:
- M 1 is W, Cu, Fe, V, Cr, Ti, Zr, Zn, Al, In, Ta, Y, La, Sr, Ga, Sc, Gd, Sm, Ca, Ce, Nb, Mg, B, and It is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mo,
- M 2 is Ni, Co or Fe
- p 0.05 ⁇ p ⁇ 1.0
- q is 1-p or 2-p
- r is 0 or 1.
- the positive electrode active material is LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 , LiNi 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.1 Al 0.1 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn It may include one or more of 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 0.7 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 Al 0.1 O 2 or LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 .
- the negative electrode includes a first negative electrode active material containing a carbon material and a second negative electrode active material containing a silicon material
- the carbon material includes natural graphite, artificial graphite, expanded graphite, non-graphitizable carbon, carbon black, and acetylene. It may include one or more types of black or Ketjen black.
- the silicon material may include one or more of silicon (Si), silicon carbide (SiC), or silicon oxide (SiO q , where 0.8 ⁇ q ⁇ 2.5).
- the second negative electrode active material may be included in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material.
- the electrolyte composition for a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention contains an electrolyte represented by Chemical Formula 1 and has an oxidation potential window at 4.5 V or higher, so that the oxidation stability of the electrolyte composition is improved, and decomposition of the electrolyte composition at high voltage can be suppressed. there is.
- “included as a main ingredient” means 50% by weight or more (or 50% by volume or more), 60% by weight or more (or 60% by volume or more) of the defined ingredient relative to the total weight (or total volume), Containing at least 70% by weight (or at least 70% by volume), at least 80% by weight (or at least 80% by volume), at least 90% by weight (or at least 90% by volume), or at least 95% by weight (or at least 95% by volume) It can mean.
- “containing graphite as a main component as a negative electrode active material” means 50% by weight or more, 60% by weight, 70% by weight, 80% by weight, 90% by weight or more, or 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material. This may mean containing more than % by weight, and in some cases, it may mean that the entire negative electrode active material is made of graphite and graphite contains 100% by weight.
- the present invention in one embodiment, the present invention
- an electrolyte composition having an oxidation potential window above 4.5V:
- R 1 is , or ego
- R 1 ' and R 1 " are hydrogen or methyl groups, respectively
- R 2 is an oxygen atom; nitrogen atom; sulfur atom; Arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; Aryleneoxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; A heteroarylene group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms containing at least one hetero atom selected from N, S, and O; A heteroaryleneoxy group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms containing at least one hetero atom selected from N, S, and O; Alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; Alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; Cycloalkyl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms; or Contains one or more of the following,
- R 3 is a fluoro group, an alkyl group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or But,
- the alkyl group, alkoxy group, cycloalkyl group, and One or more of the hydrogen contained in may be optionally replaced with a fluorine atom,
- M includes one or more of lithium, sodium, potassium, tetraalkylammonium with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or tetraalkylphosphonium with 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
- l is an integer from 1 to 6
- n are each integers from 2 to 20.
- the electrolyte composition for a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention includes an electrolyte additive represented by Formula 1 along with a non-aqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the electrolyte additive has a sulfonylimide group on one side, i) a structure containing a saturated hydrocarbon chain or an oxygen atom introduced into the saturated hydrocarbon chain, or ii) a conjugate of a sulfonyl imide group.
- a polyglycol unit i.e., "R 2 "
- a vinyl group, (meth)acrylate group, or acrylamide group is formed.
- the electrolyte additive is a vinyl group, a (meth)acrylate group, or an acrylamide group bonded to one side of a sulfonylimide, between them i) a structure containing a saturated hydrocarbon chain or an oxygen atom introduced into the saturated hydrocarbon chain, or ii )
- a linker (R 2 ) having a structure with a polyglycol unit, an organic and/or inorganic film is formed on the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes upon activation of the secondary battery. It can be formed uniformly.
- the electrolyte additive may be directly included in the form of a single molecule in the organic and/or inorganic film formed on the surface of the anode and/or cathode upon activation of the secondary battery. Additionally, the electrolyte additive can increase the oxidation potential window of the electrolyte and thereby suppress side reactions between the anode and/or cathode and the electrolyte composition. Therefore, the electrolyte additive can expand the oxidation potential window of the electrolyte composition and at the same time improve the electrical performance of the secondary battery containing it.
- R 2 is an ethylene group, propylene group, cyclohexylene group, phenylene group, oxymethylene group, pyrrole group, oxyphenylene group, oxynaphthalenyl group, oxypyrrole group, oxythiophenylene group, oxyfuranyl group, or ego,
- R 3 is a fluoro group, a methyl group, a methyl fluoride group, a methoxy group, a fluorinated methoxy group, or However, the above One or more of the hydrogen contained in may be optionally replaced with a fluorine atom,
- M is lithium, l is an integer of 1 or 2, and m may be an integer of 2 to 10.
- the compound represented by Formula 1 may be any one or more of the following ⁇ Structural Formula 1> to ⁇ Structural Formula 17>:
- the electrolyte additives represented by ⁇ Structural Formula 1> to ⁇ Structural Formula 17> can uniformly form an organic and inorganic coating layer on the surface of the cathode as well as the positive electrode when a secondary battery is activated. Additionally, the electrolyte additive can easily increase the oxidation potential window of the electrolyte composition, thereby effectively suppressing side reactions between the electrode and the electrolyte during charging and discharging of the secondary battery.
- the electrolyte composition according to the present invention may have an oxidation potential window of 4.5V or higher. More specifically, the oxidation potential window of the electrolyte composition may exist in the range of 4.5V to 7.0V, 5.0V to 6.5V, 5.0V to 6.0V, 5.3V to 6.5V, or 5.5V to 6.0V.
- the oxidation potential window refers to a voltage range in which no additional electrochemical reaction occurs inside the secondary battery other than the electrochemical redox that occurs between the anode and the cathode. Additionally, the oxidation potential window may be a value measured when a lithium electrode is used as a reference electrode, and may therefore mean a relative value compared to Li/Li+. In the present invention, when the oxidation potential window of the electrolyte is outside the above range, the potential window is narrowed, so the non-aqueous electrolyte itself undergoes electrolysis as the battery is charged and discharged, shortening the lifespan of the lithium secondary battery, and causing safety issues due to the generated gas. There is a problem that occurs.
- the electrolyte composition according to the present invention satisfies the range of the oxidation potential window or more described above, stability can be improved with respect to the potential applied during charging and discharging of the secondary battery. Accordingly, the lifespan of a lithium secondary battery containing the electrolyte composition can be improved and the risk of explosion, etc. can be reduced.
- the electrolyte additive may be included in a specific amount in the electrolyte composition.
- the electrolyte additive containing the compound represented by Formula 1 may be 10% by weight or less, specifically 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the electrolyte composition, and more specifically, may be included in the total weight of the electrolyte composition. It may be included at 0.05 to 3% by weight or 1.0 to 2.5% by weight.
- the present invention prevents a decrease in the wettability of the electrode and separator due to an increase in the viscosity of the electrolyte composition when the electrolyte additive is used in an excessive amount, and also prevents a decrease in battery performance due to a decrease in the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte composition.
- the present invention can prevent the effect of the additive from being minimally realized due to the use of a trace amount of the electrolyte additive outside the above range.
- the electrolyte composition according to the present invention is a liquid electrolyte and includes a non-aqueous organic solvent along with a lithium salt.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent may include as a main component an ester-based solvent represented by the following formula (2) for a synergy effect with the electrolyte additive:
- X 1 and X 2 are each hydrogen, fluoro group, methyl group, ethyl group, methyl fluoride group, ethyl fluoride group, or vinyl group,
- p is an integer from 1 to 3.
- ester-based solvent represented by Formula 2 may include one or more of the ester-based compounds shown below:
- the ester-based compound by itself realizes a low oxidation potential window of the electrolyte composition compared to the carbonate-based solvent.
- the ester-based compound when used in combination with the electrolyte additive represented by Formula 1, not only can the oxidation potential window be expanded excellently, but the stability of the electrolyte is further improved, and the amount of gas generated at high temperature and/or high voltage can be reduced.
- non-aqueous organic solvent may include the above-described ester solvent, as well as a fluorine-containing ether solvent; Fluorine-containing cyclic carbonate-based solvent; linear carbonate-based solvent; It may further include one or more auxiliary solvents such as phosphate-based solvents or sulfone-based solvents.
- the fluorine-containing ether-based solvent may be 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE), and the fluorine-containing ring
- TTE 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- the linear carbonate-based solvent may be ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), etc.
- the phosphate-based solvent may be trimethyl phosphate (TMP), tris (2-ethyl), etc. Hexyl) phosphate, etc.
- the sulfone-based solvent may be sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfonamide, etc.
- one type of the auxiliary solvent may be mixed with the ester solvent, or two or more types may be mixed in any combination according to the purpose. It can be used by mixing with an ester-based solvent.
- the auxiliary solvent may be mixed with the ester-based solvent to satisfy a constant volume ratio.
- the auxiliary solvent may be included in less than 50 vol% based on the total volume of the non-aqueous organic solvent, and more specifically, 40 vol% or less, 30 vol% or less, 20 vol% or less, 1 ⁇ 30 vol%, 1-20 vol%. It may be included at 5 to 20% by volume, 10 to 20% by volume, or 20 to 30% by volume.
- the present invention can maintain high compatibility between the ester-based solvent and the auxiliary solvent by adjusting the content of the auxiliary solvent in the total non-aqueous organic solvent to the above ratio, and at the same time, increase the charge mobility and/or ion mobility of the battery, etc. performance can be improved.
- non-aqueous organic solvent may be additionally mixed with a solvent used in non-aqueous electrolytes in the art, and in this case, the mixing amount may be less than 10% by weight based on the total weight of the non-aqueous organic solvent.
- Miscible non-aqueous organic solvents include, for example, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, 1,2-dimethoxy ethane (DME), tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxoran, formamide, dimethylformamide, dioxoran, acetonitrile, nitromethane, methyl formate, methyl acetate, phosphate triester, trimethoxy methane, dioxoran Aprotic organic solvents such as derivatives, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, propylene carbonate derivatives, tetrahydrofuran derivatives, ether, methyl propionate, and ethyl propionate may be used.
- N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, 1,2-dimethoxy ethan
- the lithium salt may be applied without particular limitation as long as it is used in non-aqueous electrolytes in the art.
- the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiSbF 6 , LiAlCl 4 , CH 3 SO 3 Li, (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 NLi, (FSO 2 ) 2 NLi, LiBF 2 (C 2 O 4 ) (LiODFB), LiTDI, C 4 F 2 LiO 8 P (LiDFOP) or LiF 2 NO 4 S 2 ( LiFSI) may include one or more types.
- the concentration of these lithium salts there is no particular limitation on the concentration of these lithium salts, but the lower limit of the appropriate concentration range is 0.5 mol/L or more, specifically 0.7 mol/L or more, more specifically 0.9 mol/L or more, and the upper limit is 2.5 mol/L. L or less, specifically 2.0 mol/L or less, more specifically 1.5 mol/L or less. If the concentration of lithium salt is less than 0.5 mol/L, there is a risk that the cycle characteristics and output characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery may decrease due to the decrease in ionic conductivity.
- the viscosity of the electrolyte for a non-aqueous electrolyte battery increases, which may further reduce ionic conductivity and reduce the cycle characteristics and output characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery.
- the liquid temperature may rise due to the heat of dissolution of the lithium salt. If the temperature of the non-aqueous organic solvent increases significantly due to the heat of dissolution of the lithium salt, there is a risk that decomposition of the lithium salt containing fluorine will be accelerated and hydrogen fluoride (HF) may be generated. Hydrogen fluoride (HF) is undesirable because it causes deterioration of battery performance. Therefore, the temperature when dissolving the lithium salt in a non-aqueous organic solvent is not particularly limited, but may be adjusted to -20 to 80°C, and specifically, 0 to 60°C.
- the electrolyte composition may further include additives in addition to the basic components described above.
- additives such as cyclohexylbenzene, biphenyl, t-butylbenzene, carbonate, vinylethylene carbonate, difluoroanisole, fluoroethylene carbonate, propane sultone, succinonitrile, and dimethylvinylene carbonate are mentioned. there is.
- the above additives may have an overcharge prevention effect, a negative electrode film forming effect, and a positive electrode protection effect.
- electrolyte solution for non-aqueous electrolyte batteries by pseudo-solidifying it with a gelling agent or cross-linking polymer.
- An electrode assembly including an anode, a cathode, and a separator disposed between the anode and the cathode;
- a lithium secondary battery comprising the electrolyte composition according to the present invention described above is provided.
- a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention includes an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode are sequentially arranged; It includes an electrolyte composition in which a lithium salt and an electrolyte additive are dissolved in a non-aqueous organic solvent.
- the lithium secondary battery includes the above-described electrolyte composition of the present invention with an extended oxidation potential window, and side reactions such as decomposition of the electrolyte can be improved when driven under high voltage conditions, so it can be usefully applied to fields requiring high voltage driving conditions. You can.
- the electrode assembly includes an anode, a separator, and a cathode.
- the positive electrode has a positive electrode composite layer manufactured by applying, drying, and pressing a slurry containing a positive electrode active material on a positive electrode current collector, and may optionally further include a conductive material, binder, and other additives, if necessary. there is.
- the positive electrode active material is a material that can cause an electrochemical reaction on the positive electrode current collector, and is composed of one or more types of lithium metal oxides represented by the following formulas 3 and 4, which are capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions. May include:
- M 1 is W, Cu, Fe, V, Cr, Ti, Zr, Zn, Al, In, Ta, Y, La, Sr, Ga, Sc, Gd, Sm, Ca, Ce, Nb, Mg, B, and It is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mo,
- M 2 is Ni, Co or Fe
- p 0.05 ⁇ p ⁇ 1.0
- q is 1-p or 2-p
- r is 0 or 1.
- the lithium metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4 is a material containing high amounts of nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn), respectively, and when used as a positive electrode active material, it can stably supply high capacity and/or high voltage electricity. There is an advantage.
- the lithium metal oxide represented by Formula 3 includes LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 , LiNi 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.1 Al 0.1 O 2 , It may include LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 , LiNi 0.7 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 Al 0.1 O 2 , etc., and the lithium metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 4 is LiNi 0.7 Mn 1.3 O 4 ; LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 ; It may include LiNi 0.3 Mn 1.7 O 4 , LiFePO 4 , LiFe 0.9 Mn 0.1 PO 4 , LiFe 0.7 Mn 0.3 PO 4 , LiFe 0.5 Mn 0.5 PO 4 , etc., and they can be used alone or in combination.
- cathode active materials such as lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) to reach the voltage conditions required to form an organic/inorganic film on the surface of the positive electrode composite layer during the battery activation process, making it difficult to stably form the organic/inorganic film.
- the lithium metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 3 and Chemical Formula 4 when used as a positive electrode active material, it can easily satisfy the voltage conditions required to form an organic/inorganic film during the battery activation process, so it remains stably and uniformly on the positive electrode surface. ⁇ Can form an inorganic film. Additionally, the organic/inorganic film formed in this way can suppress oxidation of the electrolyte composition induced on the anode surface.
- the positive electrode active material may be included in an amount of 85 parts by weight or more, specifically, 90 parts by weight or more, 93 parts by weight, or 95 parts by weight or more based on the weight of the positive electrode composite layer.
- the positive electrode composite layer may further include a conductive material, binder, and other additives, along with the positive electrode active material.
- the conductive material is used to improve the electrical performance of the anode, and those commonly used in the industry can be applied.
- the conductive material is selected from natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, Denka black, Ketjen black, Super-P, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black, graphene, or carbon nanotubes. It may include one or more types.
- the conductive material may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 5 parts by weight based on the weight of each positive electrode mixture layer, and specifically, 0.1 to 4 parts by weight; 2 to 4 parts by weight; 1.5 to 5 parts by weight; 1 to 3 parts by weight; 0.1 to 2 parts by weight; Alternatively, it may be included in 0.1 to 1 part by weight.
- the binder serves to bind the positive electrode active material, positive electrode additive, and conductive material to each other, and any binder that has this function may be used without particular restrictions.
- the binder includes polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVdF-co-HFP), polyvinylidenefluoride (PVdF), polyacrylonitrile, and polymethyl methacryl. It may contain one or more resins selected from polymethylmethacrylate or copolymers thereof.
- the binder may include polyvinylidenefluoride.
- the binder may be included in an amount of 1 to 10 parts by weight based on the weight of each positive electrode composite layer, and specifically, 2 to 8 parts by weight; Alternatively, it may be included in 1 to 5 parts by weight.
- the total thickness of the positive electrode mixture layer is not particularly limited, but may be specifically 50 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, more specifically 100 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m; 80 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m; 120 ⁇ m to 170 ⁇ m; 150 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m; 200 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m; Or it may be 150 ⁇ m to 190 ⁇ m.
- the positive electrode may be a positive electrode current collector that has high conductivity without causing chemical changes in the battery.
- the positive electrode current collector may be made of stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, etc. If the positive electrode current collector is made of aluminum or stainless steel, one surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc. may be used.
- the average thickness of the current collector can be appropriately applied in the range of 3 to 500 ⁇ m considering the conductivity and total thickness of the positive electrode to be manufactured.
- the negative electrode has a negative electrode mixture layer manufactured by applying, drying, and pressing a negative electrode active material on a negative electrode current collector, and may optionally further include a conductive material, binder, and other additives, if necessary. there is.
- the negative electrode active material may include carbon material.
- the carbon material refers to a material containing carbon atoms as a main component, and such carbon material includes one selected from natural graphite, artificial graphite, expanded graphite, non-graphitizable carbon, carbon black, acetylene black, or Ketjen black. It may include more.
- the negative electrode active material may further include a silicon material along with a carbon material.
- the silicon material refers to a material containing silicon atoms as a main component. These silicon materials may include silicon (Si), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon monoxide (SiO), or silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) alone or in combination.
- the negative electrode active material is a silicon (Si)-containing material, and when silicon monoxide (SiO) and silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) are uniformly mixed or complexed and included in the negative electrode mixture layer, they are silicon oxide (SiO q , provided that 0.8 ⁇ q ⁇ 2.5).
- the silicon material may be included in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, specifically 3 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material; 8 to 15% by weight; 13 to 18% by weight; Alternatively, it may be included in 2 to 8% by weight.
- the present invention can maximize the energy density of the battery by adjusting the content of the silicon material within the above content range.
- the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has high conductivity without causing chemical changes in the battery.
- the negative electrode current collector may be made of copper, stainless steel, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, etc. If the negative electrode current collector is made of copper or stainless steel, it may be surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc.
- the average thickness of the negative electrode current collector may be appropriately applied in the range of 1 to 500 ⁇ m considering the conductivity and total thickness of the negative electrode being manufactured.
- the separator interposed between the anode and cathode of each unit cell refers to an insulating thin film with high ion permeability and mechanical strength.
- the separator is not particularly limited as long as it is commonly used in the industry, and specifically includes chemical-resistant and hydrophobic polypropylene; polyethylene; Among polyethylene-propylene copolymers, those containing one or more types of polymers can be used.
- the separator may have the form of a porous polymer substrate such as a sheet or non-woven fabric containing the above-mentioned polymer, and in some cases, it may take the form of a composite separator in which organic or inorganic particles are coated with an organic binder on the porous polymer substrate. It may be possible.
- the separator may have an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m and an average thickness of 5 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but can be applied in various ways, such as cylindrical, prismatic, pouch-type, or coin-type, depending on the purpose of performance.
- the lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a pouch-type secondary battery.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte composition for a lithium secondary battery was prepared by weighing and mixing the electrolyte additive in a non-aqueous solvent in which 1M LiPF 6 was dissolved, based on the total weight of the electrolyte composition.
- the type of lithium salt, the composition of the non-aqueous solvent, and the type and content of the electrolyte additive are shown in Table 1 below.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that an oligomer (weight average molecular weight: 2,500 to 5,000) obtained by polymerizing a compound represented by the following Structural Formula 1 was used as an electrolyte additive instead of the compound represented by Structural Formula 1.
- a composition was prepared.
- NMP N-methyl pyrrolidone
- a negative electrode active material in which natural graphite and artificial graphite are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:1, and mix 97 parts by weight of the negative electrode active material and 3 parts by weight of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) with water to form a slurry and pour it on the copper thin plate.
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- a separator made of 18 ⁇ m polypropylene was interposed between the obtained positive and negative electrodes, inserted into a case, and then the electrolyte compositions prepared in the examples and comparative examples were injected as shown in Table 2 below to assemble a lithium secondary battery. .
- Initial charging was performed on each assembled lithium secondary battery. Specifically, an activated lithium secondary battery was manufactured by initially charging the lithium secondary battery to a charging end voltage of 4.2V at 55 ⁇ 2°C under the conditions shown in Table 2 below.
- the electrolyte compositions used in Examples 1 to 25 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were injected into a battery containing a platinum electrode, a platinum electrode, and a lithium metal electrode as three electrodes.
- a three-electrode battery was produced, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis was performed on each produced battery.
- cyclic voltammetry (CV) was performed at 60°C under the conditions of an observation range of 3.0 ⁇ 6.0V (based on lithium) and a measurement speed of 10 mV/s.
- the potential at which the electrolyte composition oxidizes and decomposes compared to lithium Li/Li+
- the oxidation potential window of the electrolyte composition according to the present invention was expanded by including the electrolyte additive represented by Chemical Formula 1.
- the electrolyte composition of the example contained an electrolyte additive, so the current increased above about 5.15 ⁇ 0.05 V.
- the electrolyte composition of the comparative example that did not contain an electrolyte additive or contained an electrolyte additive different from that of the present invention showed an increase in current below 4.90 ⁇ 0.05 V.
- the electrolyte composition of the above example means that the oxidation potential window is expanded by about 0.25 V or more by containing the electrolyte additive represented by Formula 1 compared to the electrolyte composition of the comparative example. From these results, it can be seen that the electrolyte composition according to the present invention has improved oxidation stability.
- the electrolyte compositions prepared in 1 to 25 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were respectively injected. Afterwards, charge from 3.5 ⁇ 0.5 V to 0.05V at a rate of 0.005C at 25°C, measure the potential value (V) and capacity value (mAh), and differentiate the capacity value compared to the potential value (dQ/dV). The reduction potential value was calculated.
- the electrolyte composition of the example containing the electrolyte additive represented by Formula 1 according to the present invention showed a falling peak at a voltage around 1.32 V relative to lithium, unlike the electrolyte composition of the comparative example that did not contain the electrolyte additive.
- the falling peak means that a reduction reaction occurred on the surface of the graphite electrode, which is the negative electrode, and indicates that the electrolyte additive represented by Formula 1 contained in the electrolyte composition is converted to a film material through a reduction reaction on the surface of the negative electrode at around 1.32 V relative to lithium. .
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention induces a reduction reaction on the surface of the anode during the activation process to form an organic/inorganic coating layer.
- the lithium secondary batteries of Examples 26 to 50 and Comparative Examples 6 to 10 were charged under CC-CV conditions at 25°C to 4.2V at a rate of 0.33C, and discharged under CC conditions to 2.5V at a rate of 0.33C. activated. Afterwards, each activated lithium secondary battery was charged under CC-CV conditions to 4.5V at a rate of 0.33C and discharged under CC conditions up to 2.5V at a rate of 0.33C.
- the above charging and discharging was regarded as 1 cycle, and 3 cycles of charging and discharging were performed.
- the volume of the secondary battery was measured using Archimedes' principle. Then, the high-rate discharge capacity at high temperature was measured by fully charging under CC-CV conditions to 4.5V at a rate of 0.33C at 60°C and discharging under CC conditions up to 2.5V at a rate of 2.5C. In addition, when the high-rate discharge capacity measurement was completed, the volume of the secondary battery was measured in the same way as the volume was measured previously, and the volume change was calculated. At this time, the volume change was determined to mean the amount of gas generated during high temperature/high rate charging and discharging. The results obtained are shown in Table 4 below.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention has excellent oxidation stability due to the electrolyte composition of the present invention having an extended oxidation potential window, and therefore exhibits excellent battery performance under high temperature and high voltage conditions.
- the lithium secondary battery manufactured in the example contained an electrolyte composition containing an electrolyte additive represented by Formula 1 and exhibited a high discharge capacity of 665 mAH or more under high temperature and high voltage conditions.
- the electrolyte composition of the lithium secondary battery of the example contained an ester-based organic solvent, the amount of gas generated by decomposition of the electrolyte composition during charging and discharging was found to be low, less than 1900 ⁇ l.
- the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention exhibits excellent electrical performance even under high temperature and/or high voltage conditions by including an electrolyte composition represented by Formula 1 and having an oxidation potential window at 4.5 V or higher. .
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 비수계 유기용매, 리튬염 및 하기 화학식 1로 나타내는 전해질 첨가제를 포함하고,산화 전위창이 4.5V 이상에서 존재하는 전해질 조성물:[화학식 1]상기 화학식 1에서,R1' 및 R1"는 각각 수소 또는 메틸기이며,R2는 산소 원자; 질소 원자; 황 원자; 탄소수 6~20의 아릴렌기; 탄소수 6~20의 아릴렌옥시기; N, S 및 O 중 1종 이상의 헤테로 원자를 포함하는 탄소수 5~10의 헤테로아릴렌기; N, S 및 O 중 1종 이상의 헤테로 원자를 포함하는 탄소수 5~10의 헤테로아릴렌옥시기; 탄소수 1~10의 알킬기; 탄소수 1~10의 알콕시기; 탄소수 5~10의 사이클로알킬기; 및 중 1종 이상을 포함하며,M은 리튬, 나트륨, 칼륨, 탄소수 1~4의 테트라알킬암모늄 또는 탄소수 1~4의 테트라알킬포스포늄 중 1종 이상을 포함하고,l은 1 내지 6의 정수이며,m 및 n은 각각 2 내지 20의 정수이다.
- 제1항에 있어서,산화 전위창은 5.0 내지 6.0V에 존재하는 전해질 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,화학식 1로 나타내는 전해질 첨가제는 전해질 조성물 전체 중량 기준 10 중량% 이하로 포함되는 전해질 조성물.
- 제6항에 있어서,화학식 2로 나타내는 에스테르계 용매는 디하이드로퓨란온, 비닐디하이드로퓨란온, 플루오로디하이드로퓨란온, 퓨란온 또는 테트라하이드로피란온 중 1종 이상을 포함하는 전해질 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서,비수계 유기용매는 불소 함유 에테르계 용매; 불소 함유 고리형 카보네이트계 용매; 선형 카보네이트계 용매; 포스페이트계 용매 또는 설폰계 용매 중 1종 이상의 보조 용매를 더 포함하는 전해질 조성물.
- 제8항에 있어서,보조 용매는 비수계 유기용매 전체 부피 기준 50 부피% 미만으로 포함되는 전해질 조성물.
- 양극, 음극 및 상기 양극과 음극 사이에 배치된 분리막을 포함하는 전극 조립체; 및제1항에 따른 전해질 조성물을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제10항에 있어서,양극은 하기 화학식 3 또는 화학식 4로 나타내는 리튬 금속 산화물 중 1종 이상의 양극활물질을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지:[화학식 3]Lix[NiyCozMnwM1 v]O2[화학식 4]LiM2 pMnqPrO4상기 화학식 3 및 화학식 4에서,M1은 W, Cu, Fe, V, Cr, Ti, Zr, Zn, Al, In, Ta, Y, La, Sr, Ga, Sc, Gd, Sm, Ca, Ce, Nb, Mg, B, 또는 Mo 중 1종 이상의 원소이고,x, y, z, w 및 v는 각각 1.0≤x≤1.30, 0.5≤y<1, 0<z≤0.3, 0<w≤0.3, 0≤v≤0.1이되, y+z+w+v=1이고,M2는 Ni, Co 또는 Fe이며,p는 0.05≤p≤1.0이고,q는 1-p 또는 2-p이며,r는 0 또는 1이다.
- 제11항에 있어서,양극활물질은 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2, LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2, LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.1Al0.1O2, LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.15Al0.05O2, LiNi0.7Co0.1Mn0.1Al0.1O2 또는 LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 중 1종 이상을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제10항에 있어서,음극은 탄소 물질을 함유하는 제1 음극활물질과 규소 물질을 함유하는 제2 음극활물질을 포함하고,상기 탄소 물질은 천연 흑연, 인조 흑연, 팽창 흑연, 난흑연화 탄소, 카본 블랙, 아세틸렌 블랙 또는및 케첸 블랙 중 1종 이상을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제13항에 있어서,규소 물질은 규소(Si), 탄화규소(SiC) 또는 산화규소(SiOq, 단, 0.8≤q≤2.5) 중 1종 이상을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제10항에 있어서,제2 음극활물질은 음극활물질 전체 중량에 대하여 1 내지 20 중량%로 포함되는 리튬 이차전지.
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| US18/710,689 US20250343262A1 (en) | 2022-08-26 | 2023-06-28 | Non-Aqueous Electrolyte Composition and Lithium Secondary Battery Comprising Same |
| JP2024531135A JP7794528B2 (ja) | 2022-08-26 | 2023-06-28 | 非水系電解質組成物およびそれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| EP23857520.3A EP4421936A4 (en) | 2022-08-26 | 2023-06-28 | NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION AND LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY COMPRISING SAME |
| CN202380014811.4A CN118339694A (zh) | 2022-08-26 | 2023-06-28 | 非水电解质组合物以及包含其的锂二次电池 |
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| KR1020220107593A KR20240029301A (ko) | 2022-08-26 | 2022-08-26 | 비수계 전해질 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
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| FR3163938A1 (fr) * | 2024-06-28 | 2026-01-02 | Universite Paris Cite | Anion electroactif magnetique |
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| JP2000082494A (ja) * | 1998-09-03 | 2000-03-21 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | 難燃性非水電解液およびそれを用いた二次電池 |
| JP2012009158A (ja) * | 2010-06-22 | 2012-01-12 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | 電解質及びそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
| KR20170021335A (ko) * | 2014-07-02 | 2017-02-27 | 샌트랄 글래스 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 이온성 착체, 비수전해액 전지용 전해액, 비수전해액 전지 및 이온성 착체의 합성법 |
| KR20190060864A (ko) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-06-03 | 도요타지도샤가부시키가이샤 | 리튬 이온 이차 전지용 전해액, 그 제조 방법 및 리튬 이온 이차 전지 |
| KR20210052812A (ko) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 고체 이차전지용 양극 하이브리드 전해질, 이를 포함하는 양극, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 고체 이차전지 |
| KR20220107593A (ko) | 2021-01-25 | 2022-08-02 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 반도체 웨이퍼 표면 보호용 점착필름 |
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| JP6665396B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-19 | 2020-03-13 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 非水電解液電池用電解液、及びこれを用いた非水電解液電池 |
| EP3767728A1 (fr) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-01-20 | Total Se | Electrolyte polymère solide comprenant un carbonate de polyalcène |
| KR102913782B1 (ko) * | 2021-11-16 | 2026-01-15 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 신규한 비수계 전해액용 첨가제 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| WO2023090664A1 (ko) * | 2021-11-16 | 2023-05-25 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 신규한 비수계 전해액용 첨가제 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| WO2023177078A1 (ko) * | 2022-03-17 | 2023-09-21 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 리튬 이차전지 |
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- 2022-08-26 KR KR1020220107593A patent/KR20240029301A/ko active Pending
-
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- 2023-06-28 CN CN202380014811.4A patent/CN118339694A/zh active Pending
- 2023-06-28 WO PCT/KR2023/008998 patent/WO2024043482A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-28 US US18/710,689 patent/US20250343262A1/en active Pending
- 2023-06-28 EP EP23857520.3A patent/EP4421936A4/en active Pending
- 2023-06-28 JP JP2024531135A patent/JP7794528B2/ja active Active
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| JP2000082494A (ja) * | 1998-09-03 | 2000-03-21 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | 難燃性非水電解液およびそれを用いた二次電池 |
| JP2012009158A (ja) * | 2010-06-22 | 2012-01-12 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | 電解質及びそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
| KR20170021335A (ko) * | 2014-07-02 | 2017-02-27 | 샌트랄 글래스 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 이온성 착체, 비수전해액 전지용 전해액, 비수전해액 전지 및 이온성 착체의 합성법 |
| KR20190060864A (ko) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-06-03 | 도요타지도샤가부시키가이샤 | 리튬 이온 이차 전지용 전해액, 그 제조 방법 및 리튬 이온 이차 전지 |
| KR20210052812A (ko) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 고체 이차전지용 양극 하이브리드 전해질, 이를 포함하는 양극, 그 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 고체 이차전지 |
| KR20220107593A (ko) | 2021-01-25 | 2022-08-02 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 반도체 웨이퍼 표면 보호용 점착필름 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3163938A1 (fr) * | 2024-06-28 | 2026-01-02 | Universite Paris Cite | Anion electroactif magnetique |
| WO2026002886A1 (fr) * | 2024-06-28 | 2026-01-02 | Universite Paris Cite | Anion electroactif magnetique |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2024542550A (ja) | 2024-11-15 |
| EP4421936A4 (en) | 2025-10-01 |
| JP7794528B2 (ja) | 2026-01-06 |
| EP4421936A1 (en) | 2024-08-28 |
| KR20240029301A (ko) | 2024-03-05 |
| CN118339694A (zh) | 2024-07-12 |
| US20250343262A1 (en) | 2025-11-06 |
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