WO2024087435A1 - 一种全自动发泡装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种全自动发泡装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024087435A1
WO2024087435A1 PCT/CN2023/079110 CN2023079110W WO2024087435A1 WO 2024087435 A1 WO2024087435 A1 WO 2024087435A1 CN 2023079110 W CN2023079110 W CN 2023079110W WO 2024087435 A1 WO2024087435 A1 WO 2024087435A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
automatic
injection device
injection
pressure signal
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/079110
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
康立标
廖海燕
郑镇坤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carefree Heartbeat Medical Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Carefree Heartbeat Medical Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carefree Heartbeat Medical Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd filed Critical Carefree Heartbeat Medical Technology Shenzhen Co Ltd
Priority to EP23881038.6A priority Critical patent/EP4591801A4/en
Publication of WO2024087435A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024087435A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/1407—Infusion of two or more substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a full-automatic foaming device and method.
  • TTE transthoracic echocardiography
  • TEE transesophageal echocardiography
  • TCD transcranial Doppler
  • the operating procedures of the foaming test are as follows: 1) Prepare two 10ml syringes, prepare saline and air respectively. Connect the two syringes and infusion needles to the three ports of the three-way valve respectively. 2) Draw a small amount of blood with the infusion needle and allow the blood to enter one of the syringes through the three-way valve. 3) Connect the two syringes through the three-way valve, and manually push the two syringes back and forth to form a mixed suspension (generally, the number of pushes is not less than 10 times). 4) Inject into the human body as a control group.
  • the current operation process of the foaming test has the following defects: medical staff are required to operate the three-way valve, push the foaming repeatedly, and observe the TCD test or ultrasound instrument while injecting the suspension, that is, the entire operation process requires manual participation, and at least two medical staff are required to participate, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.
  • the entire diagnostic process requires medical staff to observe the TCD test or ultrasound instrument and the close cooperation of the patient. It is often the case that the medical staff or the patient do not cooperate properly, resulting in incorrect diagnosis results and low diagnostic accuracy.
  • the method of repeated diagnosis is often used to improve the accuracy of the diagnostic results, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.
  • the present invention provides a fully automatic foaming device and method.
  • a fully automatic foaming device comprising:
  • a command input device used to receive user commands and output command signals
  • An automatic push injection device used for automatically pushing the suspension to form and injecting the suspension
  • An air blowing device used for receiving air exhaled by a user
  • a first detection device connected to the automatic push injection device, for detecting the pressure in the injection device of the automatic push injection device and outputting a first pressure signal
  • a second detection device connected to the blowing device, for detecting the pressure in the blowing device and outputting a second pressure signal
  • a control device is electrically connected to the command input device, the automatic push injection device, the first detection device and the second detection device, and is used to receive the command signal and enable the automatic push injection device to perform push injection based on the command signal; is also used to receive the first pressure signal and enable the automatic push injection device to stop push injection based on the first pressure signal; is also used to receive the second pressure signal and enable the automatic push injection device to inject the suspension based on the second pressure signal.
  • the command input device includes a start/stop button, and the start/stop button is electrically connected to the control device;
  • the power supply is electrically connected to the control device through a switch circuit, and the command input device includes a power button and an emergency stop button;
  • the power button is electrically connected to the switch circuit, and is used to receive a power-on command from the user and output a power-on signal to turn on the switch circuit so that the control device starts to operate, and is also used to receive a power-off command from the user and output a power-off signal to turn off the switch circuit so that the control device stops operating;
  • the emergency stop button is electrically connected to the switch circuit, and is used to receive an emergency stop command from a user and output an emergency stop signal to disconnect the switch circuit to stop the control device from operating.
  • the device further includes a display device, wherein the display device is provided with a command signal display interface, a first pressure A force signal display interface and a second pressure signal display interface;
  • the display device is electrically connected to the control device, and is used to receive the command signal output by the control device and display it on the command signal display interface, receive the first pressure signal output by the control device and display it on the first pressure signal display interface, and receive the second pressure signal output by the control device and display it on the second pressure signal display interface.
  • the automatic injection device includes a base, and disposed on the base:
  • a first liquid injection device connected to the first outlet of the three-way valve
  • a venous needle connected to the third outlet of the three-way valve
  • a first automatic driving device connected to the first liquid injection device, and used to drive the piston rod of the first liquid injection device to perform reciprocating motion
  • a second automatic driving device connected to the second liquid injection device, used to drive the piston rod of the second liquid injection device to perform reciprocating motion
  • the automatic rotating device is used to drive the valve knob of the three-way valve to rotate so as to connect two outlets of the three-way valve.
  • control device is electrically connected to the first automatic pushing device, the second automatic pushing device and the automatic rotating device;
  • the method is further configured to cause the second automatic driving device to inject the suspension based on the second pressure signal.
  • the automatic rotation device includes a power device and a rotating rod connected to each other, wherein the rotating rod is used to contact the valve knob and drive the valve knob to rotate under the drive of the power device;
  • the first automatic driving device comprises a first driving device and a first driving rod, and the first driving device is connected to the piston rod of the first liquid injection device through the first driving rod;
  • the second automatic driving device includes a second driving device and a second driving rod, and the second driving device is connected to the piston rod of the second liquid injection device through the second driving rod.
  • a fully automatic foaming method, applied to the fully automatic foaming device comprising:
  • the command input device receives user commands and outputs command signals
  • the control device receives the command signal to control the automatic injection device to automatically inject to form a suspension
  • the first detection device detects the pressure in the injection device of the automatic injection device and outputs a first pressure signal
  • the control device receives the first pressure signal to control the automatic injection device to stop the injection
  • the second detection device detects the pressure in the blowing device and outputs a second pressure signal
  • the control device receives the second pressure signal to control the automatic injection device to inject the suspension.
  • the automatic injection device includes a base, and a three-way valve, a first injection device, a second injection device, a venous needle, a first automatic pushing device, a second automatic pushing device and an automatic rotating device arranged on the base, wherein the first automatic pushing device is connected to the first injection device, and the first injection device is communicated with the first outlet of the three-way valve; the second automatic pushing device is connected to the second injection device, and the second injection device is communicated with the second outlet of the three-way valve; the venous needle is communicated with the third outlet of the three-way valve;
  • the control device receives the command signal to control the automatic injection device to automatically inject the suspension, including:
  • the control device receives the command signal to control the automatic rotating device to rotate the valve knob of the three-way valve to connect the first liquid injection device and the second liquid injection device; and controls the first automatic pushing device to drive the piston rod of the first liquid injection device to perform reciprocating motion and controls the second automatic pushing device to drive the piston rod of the second liquid injection device to perform reciprocating motion.
  • control device receives the first pressure signal to control the automatic injection device to stop the injection, including:
  • the control device receives the first pressure signal to control the second automatic driving device to stop pushing injection
  • the control device controls the first automatic driving device to drive the piston rod of the first liquid injection device to store the suspension in the second liquid injection device;
  • the control device controls the first automatic pushing device to stop pushing.
  • the present invention provides a fully automatic foaming device and method, wherein the fully automatic foaming device comprises: an instruction input device, which is used to receive user instructions and output instruction signals; an automatic push injection device, which is used to automatically push injection to form a suspension and inject the suspension; an air blowing device, which is used to receive gas exhaled by the user; a first detection device, which is connected to the automatic push injection device and is used to detect the pressure in the liquid injection device of the automatic push injection device and output a first pressure signal; a second detection device, which is connected to the air blowing device and is used to detect the pressure in the air blowing device and output a second pressure signal; a control device, which is electrically connected to the instruction input device, the automatic push injection device, the first detection device and the second detection device, and the control device is used to receive the instruction signal and enable the automatic push injection device to push injection based on the instruction signal; it is also used to receive the first pressure signal and enable the automatic push injection device to stop pushing injection based on the first pressure signal; it is also used to
  • the present invention realizes full automation of the foaming process and the injection process of the foaming test through the mutual cooperation of the command input device, the automatic push injection device, the blowing device, the first detection device, the second detection device and the control device.
  • the automation level is high, the hands of medical staff are freed, and the work intensity of medical staff is reduced; at the same time, the defect of low diagnostic accuracy due to different push injection times and different personal operation methods in manual operation is overcome, and the diagnostic accuracy is improved.
  • a fully automatic foaming method is provided, which is applied to a fully automatic foaming device, including: an instruction input device receives user instructions and outputs instruction signals; a control device receives instruction signals to control an automatic push injection device to automatically push injection to form a suspension; a first detection device detects the pressure in the injection device of the automatic push injection device and outputs a first pressure signal; the control device receives the first pressure signal to control the automatic push injection device to stop pushing injection; a second detection device detects the pressure in the blowing device and outputs a second pressure signal; the control device receives the second pressure signal to control the automatic push injection device to inject the suspension.
  • the automation level is high, which reduces the manual operation in the foaming test stage, reduces the work intensity of medical staff, and improves the experience of medical staff; at the same time, it overcomes the defect of low diagnostic accuracy due to different push injection times and different personal operation methods in manual operation, and improves the accuracy of diagnosis.
  • FIG1 is a first structural schematic diagram of a fully automatic foaming device provided in Example 1;
  • FIG2 is a second structural schematic diagram of the fully automatic foaming device provided in Example 1;
  • FIG3 is a third structural schematic diagram of the fully automatic foaming device provided in Example 1;
  • FIG4 is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the fully automatic foaming device provided in Example 1;
  • FIG5 is a fifth structural schematic diagram of the fully automatic foaming device provided in Example 1;
  • FIG6 is a partial enlarged view of area A in FIG5 ;
  • FIG7 is a partial enlarged view of area B in FIG6 ;
  • FIG8 is a sixth structural schematic diagram of the fully automatic foaming device provided in Example 1;
  • FIG9 is a seventh structural schematic diagram of the fully automatic foaming device provided in Example 1.
  • FIG10 is a first flow chart of the fully automatic foaming method provided in Example 2.
  • FIG11 is a second flow chart of the fully automatic foaming method provided in Example 2.
  • FIG. 12 is a third flow chart of the fully automatic foaming method provided in Example 2.
  • the terms “include” or “may include” used in various embodiments of the present invention indicate the presence of disclosed functions, operations or elements, and do not limit the addition of one or more functions, operations or elements.
  • the terms “include”, “have” and their cognates are intended only to indicate specific features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items, and should not be understood as first excluding the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items or the possibility of adding one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items.
  • the expression “or” or “at least one of A or/and B” includes any combination or all combinations of the words listed at the same time.
  • the expression “A or B” or “at least one of A or/and B” may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.
  • the expressions (such as "first”, “second”, etc.) used in various embodiments of the present invention may modify various constituent elements in various embodiments, but may not limit the corresponding constituent elements.
  • the above expressions do not limit the order and/or importance of the elements.
  • the above expressions are only used for the purpose of distinguishing one element from other elements.
  • the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices.
  • the first element may be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element may also be referred to as the first element.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two components.
  • the present invention provides a fully automatic foaming device, comprising:
  • the command input device 8 is used to receive user commands and output command signals
  • An automatic push injection device used for automatically pushing the suspension to form and injecting the suspension
  • An air blowing device used for receiving air exhaled by a user
  • a first detection device 71 connected to the automatic push injection device, is used to detect the pressure in the injection device of the automatic push injection device and output a first pressure signal;
  • a second detection device 72 connected to the air blowing device, for detecting the pressure in the air blowing device and outputting a second pressure signal
  • the control device 9 is electrically connected to the command input device 8, the automatic push injection device, the first detection device 71 and the second detection device 72, and is used to receive the command signal and enable the automatic push injection device to perform push injection based on the command signal; it is also used to receive the first pressure signal and enable the automatic push injection device to stop push injection based on the first pressure signal; it is also used to receive the second pressure signal and enable the automatic push injection device to inject the suspension based on the second pressure signal.
  • the foaming test requires manual reciprocating injection of two syringes to make a uniformly mixed suspension of saline, air and blood (generally the number of injections is no less than 10 times), and two suspensions need to be prepared (one for the control group and one for the test group). Therefore, medical staff need to spend a lot of time and energy on the injection stage, and the work intensity is high.
  • medical staff are also required to control the three-way valve and connect the corresponding channels to achieve the mixing of water, air and blood, which requires the full participation of medical staff.
  • the foaming test requires the participation of at least two medical staff (one for injection and one for observation), which results in high labor costs.
  • the present invention realizes full automation of the foaming process and the injection process of the foaming test through the mutual cooperation of the command input device 8, the automatic push injection device, the blowing device, the first detection device 71, the second detection device 72 and the control device 9.
  • the automation level is high, which frees the hands of medical staff, reduces the work intensity of medical staff and improves the experience of medical staff; at the same time, it overcomes the defects of low diagnostic accuracy due to different push injection times, different personal operation methods and insufficient cooperation of patients in manual operation, thereby improving the accuracy of diagnosis.
  • the first detection device 71 detects the pressure in the injection device of the automatic push injection device in real time and outputs a first pressure signal to the control device 9.
  • the control device 9 controls the push injection device to stop working, and the foaming process ends.
  • the machine realizes full-automatic foaming without manual participation, and the automation level is high.
  • the second detection device 72 detects the pressure of the user's exhaled gas and outputs a second pressure signal to the control device 9.
  • a preset value for example, 40 mmHg
  • the control device 9 controls the automatic injection device to inject the suspension.
  • the injection process of the foaming test is fully automated without manual participation, and the automation level is high.
  • the air blowing sensing technology is used to accurately evaluate the right atrial pressure instead of the user performing the Valsalva action (let the patient take a deep breath, hold his breath, and then exhale forcefully), and the foaming liquid is automatically injected when the pressure reaches the set value, so as to avoid some patients being unable to complete the standard Valsalva action due to age, resulting in poor test results.
  • the application range is wide and the test results are highly accurate.
  • control device is preferably a single chip microcomputer controller.
  • a PLC (programmable logic controller) or a photoelectric switch may also be used, but is not limited thereto.
  • the full-automatic foaming device further includes a power supply, which is electrically connected to the control device 9 via a switch circuit 91 , and the instruction input device 8 includes a power button 81 and an emergency stop button 82 .
  • the power button 81 is electrically connected to the switch circuit 91, and is used to receive a user power-on command and output a power-on signal to turn on the switch circuit 91 so that the control device 9 starts to operate, and is also used to receive a user power-off command and output a power-off signal to turn off the switch circuit 91 so that the control device 9 stops operating.
  • the emergency stop button 82 is electrically connected to the switch circuit 91 and is used to receive an emergency stop command from the user and output an emergency stop signal to disconnect the switch circuit 91 to stop the control device 9 from operating.
  • the present invention provides a power button 81 so that the user can turn on or off the full-automatic foaming device by pressing the power button 81, which is easy to operate; and provides an emergency stop button 82 so that the user can cut off the power of the full-automatic foaming device by pressing the emergency stop button 82 in an emergency, which is highly safe.
  • the full-automatic foaming device also includes a backup power supply, which is also electrically connected to the control device 9 through the switch circuit 91, so that the foaming operation and the emergency stop operation can be performed even in the case of a sudden power failure.
  • the command input device 8 further includes a start-stop button 83, which is electrically connected to the control device 9.
  • the start button 83 is used to receive a start command and output a start command signal to the control device 9 so that the control device 9 drives the automatic push injection device to perform push injection based on the start command signal; and is also used to receive a stop command and output a stop command signal to the control device 9 so that the control device 9 drives the automatic push injection device to stop push injection based on the stop command signal.
  • the user only needs to press the start-stop button 83 to start the push injection and foaming operation of the fully automatic foaming device, with a high level of automation and a good user experience.
  • the control device 9 also includes a voice device, which is electrically connected to the control device 9.
  • the control device 9 generates a voice broadcast signal after receiving the signal output by the command input device 8. After receiving the voice broadcast signal, the voice device performs voice broadcast, which is convenient for users to monitor the foaming test process.
  • a display device 10 is also included.
  • the display device 10 is provided with a command signal display interface, a first pressure signal display interface and a second pressure signal display interface.
  • the display device 10 is electrically connected to the control device 9, and is used to receive the command signal output by the control device 9 and display it on the command signal display interface, receive the first pressure signal output by the control device 9 and display it on the first pressure signal display interface, and receive the second pressure signal output by the control device 9 and display it on the second pressure signal display interface.
  • the user can monitor the running program throughout the process through the display device 10, which increases the human-computer interactivity and improves the user experience.
  • the automatic injection device includes a base 1, and arranged on the base 1: a three-way valve 4; a first injection device 2, connected to the first outlet 41 of the three-way valve; a second injection device 3, connected to the second outlet 42 of the three-way valve; a venous needle (not shown in the figure), connected to the third outlet 43 of the three-way valve; a first automatic pushing device 5, connected to the first injection device 2, used to drive the piston rod of the first injection device 2 to reciprocate; a second automatic pushing device, connected to the second injection device 3, used to drive the piston rod of the second injection device 3 to reciprocate; an automatic rotating device 6, used to drive the valve knob 44 of the three-way valve to rotate to connect two of the outlets of the three-way valve 4.
  • the base 1 is provided with a housing 20, which is buckled on the base 1.
  • the venous needle, the first injection device 2, the second injection device 3, the three-way valve 4, the first automatic driving device 5, the second automatic driving device, the automatic rotating device 6 and the control device 9 are provided on the base 1, and the command input device 8 and the display device 10 are provided on the housing 20.
  • a liftable bracket 21 is provided at the bottom of the base 1 to adjust the height of the base 1 to adapt to beds of different heights.
  • the support 21 adopts a lifting column controlled by a stepping motor.
  • a support 21 with a lifting function such as pneumatic spring lifting, hydraulic lifting, mechanical lifting, etc. can also be adopted.
  • a silent brake pulley is provided at the bottom of the bracket 21 to facilitate pushing and fixing by medical staff.
  • the blowing device includes a connected mouthpiece 19 and an air tube 16, the air tube 16 passes through the base 1 and is connected to the second detection device 72, and the mouthpiece 19 and the air tube 16 are connected through a handle 17.
  • the housing 20 is also provided with a handle hook 18 to facilitate fixing the handle 17.
  • a filter device is provided in the handle 17 to filter moisture and particles in the user's exhaled gas, effectively protecting the second detection device 72 and increasing the service life of the second detection device 72.
  • the base 1 is a square-like structure with a rounded corner.
  • a mounting seat 11 is provided near the rounded corner of the base 1, and the mounting seat 11 is used to install the three-way valve 4, the first liquid injection device 2 and the second liquid injection device 3.
  • the mounting seat 11 is provided with a first placement groove 111 and a second placement groove 112.
  • the tube body of the first liquid injection device 2 is located in the first placement groove 111
  • the tube body of the second liquid injection device 3 is located in the second placement groove 112.
  • the mounting seat 11 is also provided with a third placement groove 113, and the third placement groove 113 is connected to the first placement groove 111 and the second placement groove 112 respectively, and the three-way valve 4 is located in the third placement groove 113.
  • the first injection device 2 and the second injection device 3 use an injection device with a capacity of 20 ml, which reduces the injection stroke and improves the reliability of using the automatic pushing device to push the injection device.
  • it can also be a liquid injection device with a capacity between 10 ml and 50 ml. Liquid injection device.
  • a groove 114 for accommodating the tube wing of the first injection device 2 is provided at the end of the first placement groove 111, so as to prevent the first automatic driving device 5 from driving the piston rod of the first injection device 2 to reciprocate and drive the tube body of the first injection device 2 to move synchronously, thereby affecting the foaming effect of the suspension.
  • the structure of the second placement groove 112 is the same as that of the first placement groove 111, and will not be described in detail here.
  • the first placement groove 111 is arranged along the first direction x
  • the second placement groove 112 is arranged along the second direction y
  • a preset angle is set between the first direction x and the second direction y.
  • the first direction x is perpendicular to the second direction y
  • the first placement groove 111 is perpendicular to the second placement groove 112
  • the first injection device 2 is perpendicular to the second injection device 2.
  • the three-way valve 4 has a first outlet 41 , a second outlet 42 and a third outlet 43 , wherein the first outlet 41 is connected to the injection port of the first injection device 2 , the second outlet 42 is connected to the injection port of the second injection device 3 , and the third outlet 43 is connected to the intravenous needle.
  • the intravenous needle is preferably an indwelling needle.
  • the venous needle and the third outlet 43 may be connected via an extension tube.
  • first injection device 2 and the first outlet 41, and the second injection device 2 and the second outlet 42 are connected via a Luer connector.
  • a Luer connector with a threaded structure is used.
  • a covering member 15 which is rotatably disposed on the base 1, and is used to cover the mounting seat 11 and the first liquid injection device 2, the second liquid injection device 3 and the three-way valve 4 disposed on the mounting seat 11. While covering, it also fixes the first liquid injection device 2 and the second liquid injection device 3 to prevent them from moving; it is also used to rotate under the action of external force to expose the mounting seat 11 and the first liquid injection device 2, the second liquid injection device 3 and the three-way valve 4 disposed on the mounting seat 11.
  • the cover 15 is snapped onto the base 1.
  • the cover 15 and the base 1 are located on both sides of the first liquid injection device 2 and the second liquid injection device 3, so that the automatic pushing device 5 can drive the piston rod of the liquid injection device to move, thereby preventing the first liquid injection device 2 and the second liquid injection device 3 from moving.
  • the cover 15 rotates to expose the mounting seat 11, so as to facilitate the installation of the first liquid injection device 2, the second liquid injection device 3 and the three-way valve 4.
  • the cover 15 rotates to expose the mounting seat 11, so as to facilitate the disassembly of the first liquid injection device 2, the second liquid injection device 3 and the three-way valve 4.
  • the base The seat 1 is provided with a mounting portion 12 for mounting the cover 15, and a rotating connection structure is provided between the mounting portion 12 and the cover 15.
  • the rotating connection structure includes a motor and a hinge 71, and the motor drives the hinge 71 to drive the cover 15 to rotate relative to the base 1.
  • the cover 15 is rotated electrically, and the machine drives the manpower, which further improves the automation level and frees the hands, reducing the work intensity of medical staff.
  • the mounting portion 12 and the covering member 15 may be connected by a rotating shaft, and the medical staff rotates the covering member 15 manually.
  • a first limiting groove corresponding to the first injection device 2 and a second limiting groove corresponding to the second injection device 3 are provided on one side of the cover 15 close to the mounting seat 11, and the first limiting groove includes a tube body limiting groove 72 and an injection port limiting groove 73, and the tube body limiting groove 72 and the injection port limiting groove 73 are adapted to the first placement groove 111.
  • the tube body limiting groove 72 cooperates with the first placement groove 111 to fix the tube body of the first injection device 2
  • the injection port limiting groove 73 cooperates with the first placement groove 111 to fix the injection port of the first injection device 2, so as to prevent the tube body of the first injection device 2 from moving and ensure that the injection port of the first injection device 2 is stably connected to the first outlet 41 of the three-way valve.
  • the second limiting groove has the same structure as the first limiting groove, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the cover 15 is provided with an observation window 74 , which is provided corresponding to the tube body of the liquid injection device and is used to observe the state of the liquid in the liquid injection device, so that medical staff can understand the current state of the suspension.
  • the automatic rotating device 6 is arranged on the covering member 15.
  • the covering member 15 covers the mounting seat 11 and the first liquid injection device 2, the second liquid injection device 3 and the three-way valve 4 arranged on the mounting seat 11, the automatic rotating device 6 contacts the valve knob 44; when the covering member 15 exposes the mounting seat 11 and the first liquid injection device 2, the second liquid injection device 3 and the three-way valve 4 arranged on the mounting seat 11, the automatic rotating device 6 is away from the valve knob 44.
  • the automatic rotating device 6 is arranged on the cover 15 to avoid the accumulation of parts on the base 1, which makes the appearance poor.
  • the cover 15 is in the open state, that is, in the reagent preparation stage of the foaming test or after the injection stage, that is, when the medical staff needs to manually operate the first injection device 2, the second injection device 3 and the intravenous needle, the automatic rotating device 6 is away from the valve knob 44 to avoid the automatic rotating device 6 from misoperating the valve knob 44.
  • the automatic rotating device 6 includes a power device 61 and a rotating rod 62 .
  • the power device 61 is connected to the rotating rod 62 .
  • the rotating rod 62 is used to contact the valve knob 44 and drive the valve knob 44 to rotate under the drive of the power device 61 .
  • the power device 61 is preferably a stepper motor.
  • the power device 61 may also be a servo motor.
  • a receiving groove 63 is provided on the rotating rod 62, and the receiving groove 63 is adapted to the valve knob 44.
  • the valve knob 44 is embedded in the receiving groove 63, and the rotating rod 62 drives the valve knob 44 to rotate synchronously under the action of the power device 61.
  • the structure is simple and easy to operate.
  • the piston rod of the first liquid injection device 2 reciprocates under the drive of the first automatic driving device 5.
  • the first automatic driving device 5 includes a first driving device 51 and a first driving rod 52.
  • the first driving device 51 is connected to the piston rod of the first liquid injection device 2 through the first driving rod 52.
  • the piston rod of the first liquid injection device 2 is used to drive the piston rod to reciprocate under the drive of the first driving device 51, so that the suspension in the first liquid injection device 2 is mixed and evenly mixed.
  • the second automatic driving device includes a second driving device and a second driving rod.
  • the second driving device is connected to the piston rod of the second injection device 3 through the second driving rod.
  • the piston rod of the second injection device 3 is used to drive the piston rod to reciprocate under the drive of the second driving device, so that the suspension in the second injection device 3 is mixed and evenly mixed.
  • the first automatic pushing device 5 and the second automatic pushing device both adopt a crank connecting rod mechanism.
  • a transmission structure in which a driving device is connected to a screw rod may also be adopted.
  • first drive device 51 and the second drive device are preferably stepper motors.
  • first drive device 51 and the second drive device may also be servo motors.
  • the first driving device 51 is connected to the first driving rod 52 through the sequentially connected driving plate 53, the ball head rod end joint bearing 54, the fisheye joint 55, and the single elbow joint 56.
  • the connection mode between the second driving device and the second driving rod is the same as the connection mode between the first driving device 51 and the first driving rod 52, which will not be repeated here.
  • a buffer block 57 is provided between the first driving rod 52 and the piston rod of the first liquid injection device 2 and between the second driving rod and the piston rod of the second liquid injection device 3 .
  • the base 1 is provided with a first fixing member 13 and a second fixing member 14.
  • the first fixing member 13 has a first channel arranged along the first direction x, and a driving rod corresponding to the first injection device 2 passes through the first channel.
  • the second fixing member 14 has a second passage arranged along the second direction y, and the driving rod corresponding to the second injection device 3 passes through the second passage.
  • the second fixing member 14 surrounds the outside of the driving rod so that the driving rod moves along the second direction y.
  • first fixing member 13 and the second fixing member 14 are both composed of a bearing seat and a linear ball bearing.
  • a fully automatic foaming method applied to the fully automatic foaming device described in Example 1, comprises:
  • the command input device 8 receives user commands and outputs command signals
  • the control device 9 receives the command signal to control the automatic injection device to automatically inject to form a suspension
  • the first detection device 71 detects the pressure in the injection device of the automatic injection device and outputs a first pressure signal
  • the control device 9 receives the first pressure signal and controls the automatic injection device to stop the injection;
  • the second detection device 72 detects the pressure in the blowing device and outputs a second pressure signal
  • the control device 9 receives the second pressure signal to control the automatic injection device to inject the suspension.
  • the foaming test requires manual reciprocating injection of two syringes to make a uniformly mixed suspension of saline, air and blood (generally the number of injections is no less than 10 times), and two suspensions need to be prepared (one for the control group and one for the test group). Therefore, medical staff need to spend a lot of time and energy on the injection stage, and the work intensity is high.
  • medical staff are also required to control the three-way valve and connect the corresponding channels to achieve the mixing of water, air and blood, which requires the full participation of medical staff.
  • the foaming test requires the participation of at least two medical staff (one for injection and one for observation), which results in high labor costs.
  • a fully automatic foaming method provided by the present invention realizes full automation of the foaming process and the injection process of the foaming test through the mutual cooperation of the command input device 8, the automatic push injection device, the blowing device, the first detection device 71, the second detection device 72 and the control device 9.
  • the automation level is high, which frees the hands of medical staff, reduces the work intensity of medical staff, and improves the experience of medical staff; at the same time, it overcomes the defect of low diagnostic accuracy due to different push injection times and different personal operation methods in manual operation, and improves the accuracy of diagnosis.
  • control device 9 receives the command signal to control the automatic injection device to automatically inject the suspension, including:
  • the control device 9 receives the command signal and controls the automatic rotating device 6 to rotate the valve knob 44 of the three-way valve to connect the first liquid injection device 2 and the second liquid injection device 3;
  • the control device 9 controls the first automatic driving device 5 to drive the piston rod of the first injection device 2 to reciprocate and controls the second automatic driving device to drive the piston rod of the second injection device 3 to reciprocate.
  • control device 9 receives the first pressure signal to control the automatic injection device to stop the injection, including:
  • the control device 9 receives the first pressure signal and controls the second automatic driving device to stop the injection;
  • the control device 9 controls the first automatic driving device 5 to drive the piston rod of the first liquid injection device 2 so that the suspension is stored in the second liquid injection device 3;
  • control device 9 controls the first automatic pushing device 5 to stop pushing.
  • the first detection device 71 is used to detect the pressure in the liquid injection device, which makes it easier to understand the mixing state of the suspension and avoids explosion caused by excessive pressure in the liquid injection device, with a high safety factor.
  • control device 9 receives the second pressure signal to control the automatic injection device to inject the suspension, and further includes:
  • the control device 9 receives the second pressure signal, and if the pressure value represented by the second pressure signal reaches a preset value;
  • the control device 9 controls the automatic rotating device 6 to rotate the valve knob 44 of the three-way valve to connect the second injection device 3 and the venous needle;
  • the second automatic driving device is controlled to drive the piston rod of the second liquid injection device 3 to output the suspension through the venous needle.
  • the air blowing sensing technology is used to accurately assess the right atrial pressure instead of the user performing the Valsalva maneuver (let the patient take a deep breath, hold his breath, and then exhale forcefully).
  • the pressure reaches the set value, the foaming liquid is automatically injected to avoid the poor test results caused by the inability of some patients to complete the standard Valsalva maneuver due to age. It has a wide range of applications and high test result accuracy. It also realizes machine injection without manual participation and has a high level of automation.
  • modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices, optionally, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computer device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation.
  • the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种全自动发泡装置及方法，全自动发泡装置包括：指令输入装置，用于接收用户指令并输出指令信号；自动推注装置，用于自动推注形成混悬液并注射混悬液；吹气装置，用于接收用户呼出的气体；第一检测装置，用于检测自动推注装置的注液装置内的压力，并输出第一压力信号；第二检测装置，用于检测吹气装置内的压力，并输出第二压力信号；控制装置，用于基于指令信号使自动推注装置进行推注；还用于基于第一压力信号使自动推注装置停止推注；还用于基于第二压力信号使自动推注装置注射混悬液。本发明通过各装置的相互配合，实现发泡试验的发泡、注射过程的全自动化，自动化水平高，提高了诊断的准确率。

Description

一种全自动发泡装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种全自动发泡装置及方法。
背景技术
目前诊断卵圆孔未闭(PFO)主要有经胸超声心动图(TTE)、经食道超声心动图(TEE)和经颅多普勒(TCD)发泡试验三种技术方法，这三种技术方法均是通过发泡试验来配合诊断的。
当前，发泡试验的操作流程如下：1)准备2支10ml注射器，分别备好盐水和空气。三通阀的三个端口分别连接两个注射器和输液针。2)输液针抽取少量血液并通过三通阀使血液进入其中一个注射器内。3)通过三通阀将两个注射器连通，人工往复推注2个注射器，形成混合均匀的混悬液(一般推注次数不少于10次)。4)注入人体，作为对照组。5)重复上述步骤1-4，将制成的混悬液在患者进行Valsalva动作(让患者深吸气后屏住呼吸,再用力吐出)时注射，观察TCD检测或超声仪器有无微栓子信号。
因此，目前发泡试验的操作过程存在如下缺陷：需要医护人员操作三通阀、医护人员多次往复推注发泡、医护人员注射混悬液同时观察TCD检测或超声仪器，即操作过程全程都需要人工参与，且至少需要两名医护人员参与，费时费力，工作强度大。且整个诊断过程需医护人员全程观察TCD检测或超声仪器以及患者的密切配合，经常出现医护人员或患者配合不到位导致诊断结果有误，诊断准确率不高，目前常用多次重复诊断的方法来提高诊断结果的准确率，费时费力。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的缺陷，本发明提供了一种全自动发泡装置及方法。
具体技术方案如下所示：
一种全自动发泡装置，包括：
指令输入装置，用于接收用户指令并输出指令信号；
自动推注装置，用于自动推注形成混悬液并注射混悬液；
吹气装置，用于接收用户呼出的气体；
第一检测装置，与所述自动推注装置连接，用于检测所述自动推注装置的注液装置内的压力，并输出第一压力信号；
第二检测装置，与在所述吹气装置连接，用于检测所述吹气装置内的压力，并输出第二压力信号；
控制装置，与所述指令输入装置、所述自动推注装置、所述第一检测装置和所述第二检测装置电性连接，用于接收所述指令信号，并基于所述指令信号使所述自动推注装置进行推注；还用于接收所述第一压力信号，并基于所述第一压力信号使所述自动推注装置停止推注；还用于接收所述第二压力信号，并基于所述第二压力信号使所述自动推注装置注射混悬液。
在一个具体实施例中，所述指令输入装置包括启停按钮，所述启停按钮与所述控制装置电性连接；
用于接收启动指令并输出启动指令信号至所述控制装置以使所述控制装置驱动所述自动推注装置进行推注；
还用于接收停止指令并输出停止指令信号至所述控制装置以使所述控制装置驱动所述自动推注装置停止推注。
在一个具体实施例中，还包括电源，所述电源通过开关电路与所述控制装置电性连接，所述指令输入装置包括电源按钮和急停按钮；
所述电源按钮与所述开关电路电性连接，用于接收用户开机指令并输出开机信号导通所述开关电路以使所述控制装置开始运转，还用于接收用户关机指令并输出关机信号断开所述开关电路以使所述控制装置停止运转；
所述急停按钮与所述开关电路电性连接，用于接收用户急停指令并输出急停信号断开所述开关电路以使所述控制装置停止运转。
在一个具体实施例中，还包括显示装置，所述显示装置设置有指令信号显示界面、第一压 力信号显示界面和第二压力信号显示界面；
所述显示装置与所述控制装置电性连接，用于接收所述控制装置输出的指令信号并将其显示至所述指令信号显示界面、接收所述控制装置输出的第一压力信号并将其显示至所述第一压力信号显示界面以及接收所述控制装置输出的第二压力信号并将其显示至所述第二压力信号显示界面。
在一个具体实施例中，所述自动推注装置包括底座、以及设置在所述底座上的：
三通阀；
第一注液装置，与所述三通阀的第一出口连通；
第二注液装置，与所述三通阀的第二出口连通；
静脉针，与所述三通阀的第三出口连通；
第一自动推动装置，与所述第一注液装置连接，用于带动所述第一注液装置的活塞杆做往复运动；
第二自动推动装置，与所述第二注液装置连接，用于带动所述第二注液装置的活塞杆做往复运动；
自动旋转装置，用于带动所述三通阀的阀门旋钮旋转以连通所述三通阀的其中两个出口。
在一个具体实施例中，所述控制装置与所述第一自动推动装置、所述第二自动推动装置和所述自动旋转装置电性连接；
用于基于所述指令信号使所述自动旋转装置旋转以及使所述第一自动推动装置、所述第二自动推动装置进行推注；
还用于基于所述第一压力信号使所述第一自动推动装置、所述第二自动推动装置停止推注，以及使所述自动旋转装置旋转；
还用于基于所述第二压力信号使所述第二自动推动装置注射混悬液。
在一个具体实施例中，所述自动旋转装置包括相连接的动力装置和旋转杆，所述旋转杆用于与所述阀门旋钮接触并在所述动力装置的驱动下带动所述阀门旋钮旋转；
所述第一自动推动装置包括第一驱动装置和第一驱动杆，所述第一驱动装置通过所述第一驱动杆与所述第一注液装置的活塞杆连接；
所述第二自动推动装置包括第二驱动装置和第二驱动杆，所述第二驱动装置通过所述第二驱动杆与所述第二注液装置的活塞杆连接。
一种全自动发泡方法，应用于所述的全自动发泡装置，包括：
所述指令输入装置接收用户指令并输出指令信号；
所述控制装置接收指令信号控制所述自动推注装置自动推注形成混悬液；
所述第一检测装置检测所述自动推注装置的注液装置内的压力，并输出第一压力信号；
所述控制装置接收第一压力信号控制所述自动推注装置停止推注；
所述第二检测装置检测所述吹气装置内的压力，并输出第二压力信号；
所述控制装置接收第二压力信号控制所述自动推注装置注射混悬液。
在一个具体实施例中，所述自动推注装置包括底座、以及设置在所述底座上的三通阀、第一注液装置、第二注液装置、静脉针、第一自动推动装置、第二自动推动装置和自动旋转装置，所述第一自动推动装置与所述第一注液装置连接，所述第一注液装置与所述三通阀的第一出口连通；所述第二自动推动装置与所述第二注液装置连接，所述第二注液装置与所述三通阀的第二出口连通；所述静脉针与所述三通阀的第三出口连通；
所述控制装置接收指令信号控制所述自动推注装置自动推注形成混悬液，包括：
所述控制装置接收指令信号控制所述自动旋转装置旋转所述三通阀的阀门旋钮以连通所述第一注液装置和所述第二注液装置；并控制所述第一自动推动装置驱动所述第一注液装置的活塞杆做往复运动以及控制所述第二自动推动装置驱动所述第二注液装置的活塞杆做往复运动。
在一个具体实施例中，所述控制装置接收第一压力信号控制所述自动推注装置停止推注，包括：
所述控制装置接收第一压力信号控制所述第二自动推动装置停止推注；
所述控制装置控制所述第一自动推动装置驱动所述第一注液装置的活塞杆以使混悬液存储 于所述第二注液装置内；
混悬液完全存储于所述第二注液装置内后，所述控制装置控制所述第一自动推动装置停止推注。
本发明至少具有以下有益效果：
本发明提供了一种全自动发泡装置及方法，全自动发泡装置包括：指令输入装置，用于接收用户指令并输出指令信号；自动推注装置，用于自动推注形成混悬液并注射混悬液；吹气装置，用于接收用户呼出的气体；第一检测装置，与自动推注装置连接，用于检测自动推注装置的注液装置内的压力，并输出第一压力信号；第二检测装置，与在吹气装置连接，用于检测吹气装置内的压力，并输出第二压力信号；控制装置，与指令输入装置、自动推注装置、第一检测装置和第二检测装置电性连接，控制装置用于接收指令信号，并基于指令信号使自动推注装置进行推注；还用于接收第一压力信号，并基于第一压力信号使自动推注装置停止推注；还用于接收第二压力信号，并基于第二压力信号使自动推注装置注射混悬液。本发明通过指令输入装置、自动推注装置、吹气装置、第一检测装置、第二检测装置和控制装置的相互配合，实现发泡试验的发泡过程和注射过程的全自动化，自动化水平高，解放了医护人员的双手，降低了医护人员的工作强度；同时克服人工操作中由于推注时间不同、个人操作方式不同导致诊断准确率不高的缺陷，提高了诊断的准确率。
进一步地，还提供了一种全自动发泡方法，应用于全自动发泡装置，包括：指令输入装置接收用户指令并输出指令信号；控制装置接收指令信号控制自动推注装置自动推注形成混悬液；第一检测装置检测自动推注装置的注液装置内的压力，并输出第一压力信号；控制装置接收第一压力信号控制自动推注装置停止推注；第二检测装置检测吹气装置内的压力，并输出第二压力信号；控制装置接收第二压力信号控制自动推注装置注射混悬液。自动化水平高，减少发泡试验阶段中的人力操作，降低医护人员的工作强度，提升医护人员体验感；同时克服人工操作中由于推注时间不同、个人操作方式不同导致诊断准确率不高的缺陷，提高了诊断的准确率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为实施例1提供的全自动发泡装置的第一结构示意图；
图2为实施例1提供的全自动发泡装置的第二结构示意图；
图3为实施例1提供的全自动发泡装置的第三结构示意图；
图4为实施例1提供的全自动发泡装置的第四结构示意图；
图5为实施例1提供的全自动发泡装置的第五结构示意图；
图6为图5中A区域的局部放大图；
图7为图6中B区域的局部放大图；
图8为实施例1提供的全自动发泡装置的第六结构示意图；
图9为实施例1提供的全自动发泡装置的第七结构示意图；
图10为实施例2提供的全自动发泡方法的第一流程图；
图11为实施例2提供的全自动发泡方法的第二流程图；
图12为实施例2提供的全自动发泡方法的第三流程图。
附图标记：
1-底座；2-第一注液装置；3-第二注液装置；4-三通阀；5-第一自动推动装置；6-自动旋
转装置；8-指令输入装置；9-控制装置；10-显示装置；11-安装座；12-安装部；13-第一固定件；14-第二固定件；15-遮盖件；16-气管；17-手柄；18-手柄挂扣；19-吹嘴；20-机壳；21-支架；41-第一出口；42-第二出口；43-第三出口；44-阀门旋钮；51-第一驱动装置；52-第一驱动杆；53-带动盘；54-球头杆端关节轴承；55-鱼眼接头；56-单肘接头；57-缓冲块；61-动力装置；62-旋转杆；63-容纳槽；71-第一检测装置；72-第二检测装置；81-电源按钮；82-急停按钮；83-启停按钮；91-开关电路；111-第一放置槽；112-第二放置槽；113-第三放置槽；114-凹槽；151-铰链；152-管体限位槽；153-注射口限位槽；154-观察窗；x-第一方向；y-第 二方向。
具体实施方式
在下文中，将更全面地描述本发明的各种实施例。本发明可具有各种实施例，并且可在其中做出调整和改变。然而，应理解：不存在将本发明的各种实施例限于在此公开的特定实施例的意图，而是应将本发明理解为涵盖落入本发明的各种实施例的精神和范围内的所有调整、等同物和/或可选方案。
在下文中，可在本发明的各种实施例中使用的术语“包括”或“可包括”指示所公开的功能、操作或元件的存在，并且不限制一个或更多个功能、操作或元件的增加。此外，如在本发明的各种实施例中所使用，术语“包括”、“具有”及其同源词仅意在表示特定特征、数字、步骤、操作、元件、组件或前述项的组合，并且不应被理解为首先排除一个或更多个其它特征、数字、步骤、操作、元件、组件或前述项的组合的存在或增加一个或更多个特征、数字、步骤、操作、元件、组件或前述项的组合的可能性。
在本发明的各种实施例中，表述“或”或“A或/和B中的至少一个”包括同时列出的文字的任何组合或所有组合。例如，表述“A或B”或“A或/和B中的至少一个”可包括A、可包括B或可包括A和B二者。
在本发明的各种实施例中使用的表述(诸如“第一”、“第二”等)可修饰在各种实施例中的各种组成元件，不过可不限制相应组成元件。例如，以上表述并不限制所述元件的顺序和/或重要性。以上表述仅用于将一个元件与其它元件区别开的目的。例如，第一用户装置和第二用户装置指示不同用户装置，尽管二者都是用户装置。例如，在不脱离本发明的各种实施例的范围的情况下，第一元件可被称为第二元件，同样地，第二元件也可被称为第一元件。
应注意到：在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和定义，“安装”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接、也可以是可拆卸连接、或者一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接连接，也是可以通过中间媒介间接相连；可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的 具体含义。
在本发明中，本领域的普通技术人员需要理解的是，文中指示方位或者位置关系的术语为基于附图所示的方位或者位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或者元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1
如图1至图9所示，本发明提供了一种全自动发泡装置，包括：
指令输入装置8，用于接收用户指令并输出指令信号；
自动推注装置，用于自动推注形成混悬液并注射混悬液；
吹气装置，用于接收用户呼出的气体；
第一检测装置71，与自动推注装置连接，用于检测自动推注装置的注液装置内的压力，并输出第一压力信号；
第二检测装置72，与在吹气装置连接，用于检测吹气装置内的压力，并输出第二压力信号；
控制装置9，与指令输入装置8、自动推注装置、第一检测装置71和第二检测装置72电性连接，用于接收指令信号，并基于指令信号使自动推注装置进行推注；还用于接收第一压力信号，并基于第一压力信号使自动推注装置停止推注；还用于接收第二压力信号，并基于第二压力信号使自动推注装置注射混悬液。
目前发泡试验需要人工往复推注2个注射器，使盐水、空气和血液制成混合均匀的混悬液(一般推注次数不少于10次)，并且需要准备两次混悬液(一次对照组和一次试验组)，因此医护人员需要花费大量时间和精力在推注阶段上，工作强度大。
其次，在推注阶段中还需要医护人员对三通阀进行控制，连通对应的通道，以实现水、空气和血液的混合，需要医护人员全程参与。
然后，进行发泡试验至少需要两名医护人员(一名医护推注、一名医护人员观察)的参与，人工成本高。
再者，采用人工操作不易对推注时间进行控制，且由于医护人员的个人操作熟练度、操作习惯不同，在推注过程中容易出现误差，导致诊断的准确率不高。
而且，部分患者受年龄影响无法完成标准的Valsalva动作(让患者深吸气后屏住呼吸,再用力吐出)导致诊断结构有误，诊断准确率不高，目前常用多次重复诊断的方法来提高诊断结果的准确率，费时费力。
本发明通过指令输入装置8、自动推注装置、吹气装置、第一检测装置71、第二检测装置72和控制装置9的相互配合，实现发泡试验的发泡过程和注射过程的全自动化，自动化水平高，解放了医护人员的双手，降低了医护人员的工作强度，提升医护人员体验感；同时克服人工操作中由于推注时间不同、个人操作方式不同以及患者配合不到位导致诊断准确率不高的缺陷，提高了诊断的准确率。
控制装置9根据指令输入装置8接收的用户指令控制自动推注装置开始推注发泡后，第一检测装置71实时检测自动推注装置的注液装置内的压力并输出第一压力信号至控制装置9，当注液装置内的压力达到预设值时，控制装置9控制动推注装置停止工作，发泡过程结束。实现了机器全自动发泡，无需人工参与，自动化水平高。
发泡过程结束后，第二检测装置72检测用户呼出气体的压力并输出第二压力信号至控制装置9，当用户呼出气体的压力达到预设值(例如40mmHg)时，控制装置9控制自动推注装置注射混悬液。实现发泡试验的注射过程的全自动化，无需人工参与，自动化水平高。且采用吹气传感技术代替用户进行Valsalva(让患者深吸气后屏住呼吸,再用力吐出)动作来精准评估右房压力，并在压力达到设定值时自动推注发泡液，避免部分患者受年龄影响无法完成标准的Valsalva动作导致试验结果不好，适用范围广，试验结果精确度高。
具体地，控制装置优选为单片机控制器。可选地，也可采用PLC(可编程逻辑控制器)、光电开关，但不限于此。
如图1、图3和图4所示，全自动发泡装置还包括电源，电源通过开关电路91与控制装置9电性连接，指令输入装置8包括电源按钮81、急停按钮82。
电源按钮81与开关电路91电性连接，用于接收用户开机指令并输出开机信号导通开关电路91以使控制装置9开始运转，还用于接收用户关机指令并输出关机信号断开开关电路91以使控制装置9停止运转.
急停按钮82与开关电路91电性连接，用于接收用户急停指令并输出急停信号断开开关电路91以使控制装置9停止运转。
本发明通过设置电源按钮81，使用户按压电源按钮81就可开启或关闭全自动发泡装置，操作简单；以及通过设置急停按钮82，使用户在紧急情况下按压急停按钮82就可切断全自动发泡装置的电源，安全性高。
具体地，全自动发泡装置还包括备用电源，备用电源也通过开关电路91与控制装置9电性连接，即使在突然断电的情况下也可进行发泡操作与急停操作。
如图1、图3和图4所示，指令输入装置8还包括启停按钮83，启停按钮83与控制装置9电性连接。启动按钮83用于接收启动指令并输出启动指令信号至控制装置9以使控制装置9基于启动指令信号驱动自动推注装置进行推注；还用于接收停止指令并输出停止指令信号至控制装置9以使控制装置9基于停止指令信号驱动自动推注装置停止推注。用户仅需按压启停按钮83就可使全自动发泡装置开始进行推注发泡操作，自动化水平高，用户体验感好。
具体地，还包括语音装置，语音装置与控制装置9电性连接，控制装置9接收指令输入装置8输出的信号后生成语音播报信号，语音装置接收后语音播报信号后进行语音播报，便于用户监控发泡试验过程。
如图1、图2、图3和图4所示，还包括显示装置10，显示装置10设置有指令信号显示界面、第一压力信号显示界面和第二压力信号显示界面。
显示装置10与控制装置9电性连接，用于接收控制装置9输出的指令信号并将其显示至指令信号显示界面、接收控制装置9输出的第一压力信号并将其显示至第一压力信号显示界面以及接收控制装置9输出的第二压力信号并将其显示至第二压力信号显示界面。使用者可通过显示装置10对运行程序进行全程监控，增加了人机交互性，提高了用户体验感。
如图1、图2和图3所示，自动推注装置包括底座1、以及设置在底座1上的：三通阀4；第一注液装置2，与三通阀的第一出口41连通；第二注液装置3，与三通阀的第二出口42连通；静脉针(图中未示出)，与三通阀的第三出口43连通；第一自动推动装置5，与第一注液装置2连接，用于带动第一注液装置2的活塞杆做往复运动；第二自动推动装置，与第二注液装置3连接，用于带动第二注液装置3的活塞杆做往复运动；自动旋转装置6，用于带动三通阀的阀门旋钮44旋转以连通三通阀4的其中两个出口。
底座1上设置有机壳20，机壳20扣合在底座1上。静脉针、第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3、三通阀4、第一自动推动装置5、第二自动推动装置、自动旋转装置6和控制装置9设置在底座1上，指令输入装置8、显示装置10设置在机壳20上。底座1底部设置有可升降的支架21，以调整底座1的高度，以适应不同高度的病床。
具体地，在本实施例中，支架21采用由步进电机控制的升降立柱。可选地，也可采用气动弹簧升降、液压升降、机械升降等具有升降功能的支架21。
具体地，支架21底部设置有静音刹车滑轮，便于医护人员推动和固定。
具体地，吹气装置包括相连接的吹嘴19和气管16，气管16穿过底座1与第二检测装置72连接，吹嘴19和气管16之间通过手柄17连接。机壳20上还设置有手柄挂扣18，便于固定手柄17。优选地，手柄17内设置有过滤装置，用于过滤用户呼出气体中的水分和颗粒，有效地保护了第二检测装置72，提高了第二检测装置72的使用寿命。
如图5、图8所示，在本实施例中，底座1呈具有一个圆角的类方形结构。底座1靠近圆角处设置有安装座11，安装座11用于安装三通阀4、第一注液装置2和第二注液装置3。安装座11上设置有第一放置槽111和第二放置槽112。第一注液装置2的管体位于第一放置槽111内，第二注液装置3的管体位于第二放置槽112内。安装座11上还设置有第三放置槽113，第三放置槽113分别与第一放置槽111和第二放置槽112连通，三通阀4位于第三放置槽113内。
具体地，第一注液装置2和第二注液装置3采用容量为20ml的注液装置，减少推注行程，提高采用自动推动装置推动注液装置的可靠性。可选地，也可为容量介于10ml至50ml之间的 注液装置。
具体地，如图8所示，第一放置槽111的末端设置有用于容纳第一注液装置2的管翼的凹槽114，用于避免第一自动推动装置5带动第一注液装置2的活塞杆做往复运动时带动第一注液装置2的管体同步移动，影响混悬液的发泡效果。第二放置槽112的结构与第一放置槽111的结构相同，在此不再赘述。
如图5、图8所示，第一放置槽111沿第一方向x设置，第二放置槽112沿第二方向y设置，第一方向x和第二方向y之间预设夹角。在本实施例中，第一方向x垂直于第二方向y，第一放置槽111垂直于第二放置槽112，第一注液装置2垂直于第二注液装置2。
如图6所示，三通阀4具有第一出口41、第二出口42和第三出口43，其中第一出口41与第一注液装置2的注射口连通、第二出口42与第二注液装置3的注射口连通，第三出口43与静脉针连通。
具体地，静脉针优选为留置针。
具体地，静脉针与第三出口43之间可通过延长管连接。
具体地，第一注液装置2与第一出口41之间、第二注液装置2与第二出口42之间均通过鲁尔接头连接。优选地，采用具有螺纹结构的鲁尔接头。
如图5、图8所示，还包括遮盖件15，遮盖件15可转动地设置在底座1上，用于遮盖安装座11以及设置在安装座11上的第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3和三通阀4，遮盖的同时还固定第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3避免其移动；还用于在外力作用下转动露出安装座11以及设置在安装座11上的第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3和三通阀4。
在发泡试验的推注阶段中，遮盖件15扣合在底座1上，遮盖件15和底座1位于第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3的两侧，便于自动推动装置5带动注液装置的活塞杆移动，避免第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3移动。在发泡试验的试剂准备阶段中，遮盖件15转动露出安装座11，便于安装第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3和三通阀4。以及推注阶段结束后，遮盖件15转动露出安装座11，便于拆卸第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3和三通阀4。如图8所示，底 座1上设置有用于安装遮盖件15的安装部12，安装部12与遮盖件15之间设置有转动连接结构。在本实施例中，转动连接结构包括电动机和铰链71，电动机驱动铰链71带动遮盖件15相对于底座1转动。本实施例采用电动方式转动遮盖件15，以机器带动人力，进一步提高自动化水平并解放双手，降低了医护人员的工作强度。
可选地，安装部12与遮盖件15之间也可采用转轴连接，医护人员通过手动方式转动遮盖件15。
如图5、图7和图9所示，遮盖件15上靠近安装座11的一侧设置与第一注液装置2对应的第一限位槽以及与第二注液装置3对应的第二限位槽，第一限位槽包括管体限位槽72和注射口限位槽73，管体限位槽72、注射口限位槽73与第一放置槽111相适配，遮盖件15转动遮盖安装座11以及设置在安装座11上的第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3和三通阀4时，管体限位槽72与第一放置槽111配合以固定第一注液装置2的管体、注射口限位槽73与第一放置槽111配合以固定第一注液装置2的注射口，避免第一注液装置2的管体移动以及确保第一注液装置2的注射口与三通阀的第一出口41连接稳定。第二限位槽与第一限位槽的结构相同，在此不再赘述。
如图8所示，遮盖件15上设置有观察窗74，观察窗与注液装置的管体对应设置，用于观察注液装置内的液体的状态，便于医护人员了解当前混悬液状态。
如图5、图7所示，自动旋转装置6设置在遮盖件15上，遮盖件15遮盖安装座11以及设置在安装座11上的第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3和三通阀4时，自动旋转装置6接触阀门旋钮44；遮盖件15露出安装座11以及设置在安装座11上的第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3和三通阀4时，自动旋转装置6远离阀门旋钮44。
将自动旋转装置6设置在遮盖件15上，避免底座1上零件堆积，美观度低。且遮盖件15处于开启状态时，也就是在发泡试验的试剂准备阶段中或是推注阶段结束后，即需要医护人员对第一注液装置2、第二注液装置3和静脉针进行人工操作时，自动旋转装置6远离阀门旋钮44可以避免自动旋转装置6对阀门旋钮44进行误操作。
如图5、图7所示，自动旋转装置6包括动力装置61和旋转杆62，动力装置61与旋转杆62连接，旋转杆62用于与阀门旋钮44接触并在动力装置61的驱动下带动阀门旋钮44旋转。
具体地，动力装置61优选为步进电机。可选地，动力装置61也可为伺服电机。
如图7所示，旋转杆62上设置有容纳槽63，容纳槽63与阀门旋钮44相适配，当遮盖件15扣合在底座1上时，阀门旋钮44嵌入容纳槽63，旋转杆62在动力装置61的作用下带动阀门旋钮44同步旋转。结构简单，便于操作。
如图5所示，第一注液装置2的活塞杆在第一自动推动装置5的带动下做往复运动，第一自动推动装置5包括第一驱动装置51和第一驱动杆52，第一驱动装置51通过第一驱动杆52与第一注液装置2的活塞杆连接，第一注液装置2的活塞杆用于在第一驱动装置51的驱动下带动活塞杆做往复运动，使第一注液装置2内的混悬液混合混匀。
第二自动推动装置包括第二驱动装置和第二驱动杆，第二驱动装置通过第二驱动杆与第二注液装置3的活塞杆连接，第二注液装置3的活塞杆用于在第二驱动装置的驱动下带动活塞杆做往复运动，使第二注液装置3内的混悬液混合混匀。
具体地，在本实施例中第一自动推动装置5和第二自动推动装置均采用曲柄连杆机构。可选地，在其他实施例中也可采用驱动装置与丝杆连接的传动结构。
具体地，第一驱动装置51和第二驱动装置优选为步进电机。可选地，第一驱动装置51和第二驱动装置也可采用伺服电机。
具体地，如图8所示，第一驱动装置51通过依次连接的带动盘53、球头杆端关节轴承54、鱼眼接头55、单肘接头56与第一驱动杆52连接。第二驱动装置与第二驱动杆的连接方式与第一驱动装置51与第一驱动杆52的连接方式相同，在此不再赘述。
具体地，第一驱动杆52与第一注液装置2的活塞杆之间及第二驱动杆与第二注液装置3的活塞杆之间均设置有缓冲块57。
如图5所示，底座1上设置有第一固定件13和第二固定件14。第一固定件13内具有沿第一方向x设置的第一通道，与第一注液装置2对应的驱动杆穿过第一通道，第一固定件13包围 在该驱动杆的外侧，以使该驱动杆沿第一方向x移动。第二固定件14内具有沿第二方向y设置的第二通道，与第二注液装置3对应的驱动杆穿过第二通道，第二固定件14包围在该驱动杆的外侧，以使该驱动杆沿第二方向y移动。
具体地，第一固定件13和第二固定件14均由轴承座和直线球轴承构成。
实施例2
如图1至图12所示，一种全自动发泡方法，应用于实施例1中描述的全自动发泡装置，包括：
指令输入装置8接收用户指令并输出指令信号；
控制装置9接收指令信号控制自动推注装置自动推注形成混悬液；
第一检测装置71检测自动推注装置的注液装置内的压力，并输出第一压力信号；
控制装置9接收第一压力信号控制自动推注装置停止推注；
第二检测装置72检测吹气装置内的压力，并输出第二压力信号；
控制装置9接收第二压力信号控制自动推注装置注射混悬液。
目前发泡试验需要人工往复推注2个注射器，使盐水、空气和血液制成混合均匀的混悬液(一般推注次数不少于10次)，并且需要准备两次混悬液(一次对照组和一次试验组)，因此医护人员需要花费大量时间和精力在推注阶段上，工作强度大。
其次，在推注阶段中还需要医护人员对三通阀进行控制，连通对应的通道，以实现水、空气和血液的混合，需要医护人员全程参与。
然后，进行发泡试验至少需要两名医护人员(一名医护推注、一名医护人员观察)的参与，人工成本高。
再者，采用人工操作不易对推注时间进行控制，且由于医护人员的个人操作熟练度、操作习惯不同，在推注过程中容易出现误差，导致诊断的准确率不高。
而且，部分患者受年龄影响无法完成标准的Valsalva动作(让患者深吸气后屏住呼吸,再用力吐出)导致诊断结构有误，诊断准确率不高，目前常用多次重复诊断的方法来提高诊断结 果的准确率，费时费力。
本发明提供的一种全自动发泡方法通过指令输入装置8、自动推注装置、吹气装置、第一检测装置71、第二检测装置72和控制装置9的相互配合，实现发泡试验的发泡过程和注射过程的全自动化，自动化水平高，解放了医护人员的双手，降低了医护人员的工作强度，提升医护人员体验感；同时克服人工操作中由于推注时间不同、个人操作方式不同导致诊断准确率不高的缺陷，提高了诊断的准确率。
如图1至图12所示，控制装置9接收指令信号控制自动推注装置自动推注形成混悬液，包括：
控制装置9接收指令信号控制自动旋转装置6旋转三通阀的阀门旋钮44以连通第一注液装置2和第二注液装置3；
第一注液装置2和第二注液装置3连通后，控制装置9控制第一自动推动装置5驱动第一注液装置2的活塞杆做往复运动以及控制第二自动推动装置驱动第二注液装置3的活塞杆做往复运动。
如图1至图12所示，控制装置9接收第一压力信号控制自动推注装置停止推注，包括：
控制装置9接收第一压力信号控制第二自动推动装置停止推注；
控制装置9控制第一自动推动装置5驱动第一注液装置2的活塞杆以使混悬液存储于第二注液装置3内；
混悬液完全存储于第二注液装置3内后，控制装置9控制第一自动推动装置5停止推注。
采用第一检测装置71检测注液装置内的压力，便于了解混悬液的混合状态，且避免注液装置内压力过大导致爆炸，安全系数高。
如图1至图12所示，控制装置9接收第二压力信号控制自动推注装置注射混悬液，还包括：
控制装置9接收第二压力信号，若第二压力信号代表的压力值到达预设值；
控制装置9控制自动旋转装置6旋转三通阀的阀门旋钮44以连通第二注液装置3和静脉针；
控制第二自动推动装置驱动第二注液装置3的活塞杆以通过静脉针输出混悬液。
采用吹气传感技术代替用户进行Valsalva(让患者深吸气后屏住呼吸,再用力吐出)动作来精准评估右房压力，并在压力达到设定值时自动推注发泡液，避免部分患者受年龄影响无法完成标准的Valsalva动作导致试验结果不好，适用范围广，试验结果精确度高。且实现机器注射，无需人工参与，自动化水平高。
本领域普通技术人员应该明白，上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，他们可以用计算机装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件的结合。
注意，上述仅为本发明的较佳实施例及所运用技术原理。本领域技术人员会理解，本发明不限于这里的特定实施例，对本领域技术人员来说能够进行各种明显的变化、重新调整和替代而不会脱离本发明的保护范围。因此，虽然通过以上实施例对本发明进行了较为详细的说明，但是本发明不仅仅限于以上实施例，在不脱离本发明构思的情况下，还可以包括更多其他等效实施例，而本发明的范围由所附的权利要求范围决定。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种全自动发泡装置，其特征在于，包括：
    指令输入装置，用于接收用户指令并输出指令信号；
    自动推注装置，用于自动推注形成混悬液并注射混悬液；
    吹气装置，用于接收用户呼出的气体；
    第一检测装置，与所述自动推注装置连接，用于检测所述自动推注装置的注液装置内的压力，并输出第一压力信号；
    第二检测装置，与在所述吹气装置连接，用于检测所述吹气装置内的压力，并输出第二压力信号；
    控制装置，与所述指令输入装置、所述自动推注装置、所述第一检测装置和所述第二检测装置电性连接，用于接收所述指令信号，并基于所述指令信号使所述自动推注装置进行推注；还用于接收所述第一压力信号，并基于所述第一压力信号使所述自动推注装置停止推注；还用于接收所述第二压力信号，并基于所述第二压力信号使所述自动推注装置注射混悬液。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的全自动发泡装置，其特征在于，所述指令输入装置包括启停按钮，所述启停按钮与所述控制装置电性连接；
    用于接收启动指令并输出启动指令信号至所述控制装置以使所述控制装置驱动所述自动推注装置进行推注；
    还用于接收停止指令并输出停止指令信号至所述控制装置以使所述控制装置驱动所述自动推注装置停止推注。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的全自动发泡装置，其特征在于，还包括电源，所述电源通过开关电路与所述控制装置电性连接，所述指令输入装置包括电源按钮和急停按钮；
    所述电源按钮与所述开关电路电性连接，用于接收用户开机指令并输出开机信号导通所述开关电路以使所述控制装置开始运转，还用于接收用户关机指令并输出关机信号断开所述开关电路以使所述控制装置停止运转；
    所述急停按钮与所述开关电路电性连接，用于接收用户急停指令并输出急停信号断开所述开关电路以使所述控制装置停止运转。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的全自动发泡装置，其特征在于，还包括显示装置，所述显 示装置设置有指令信号显示界面、第一压力信号显示界面和第二压力信号显示界面；
    所述显示装置与所述控制装置电性连接，用于接收所述控制装置输出的指令信号并将其显示至所述指令信号显示界面、接收所述控制装置输出的第一压力信号并将其显示至所述第一压力信号显示界面以及接收所述控制装置输出的第二压力信号并将其显示至所述第二压力信号显示界面。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的全自动发泡装置，其特征在于，所述自动推注装置包括底座、以及设置在所述底座上的：
    三通阀；
    第一注液装置，与所述三通阀的第一出口连通；
    第二注液装置，与所述三通阀的第二出口连通；
    静脉针，与所述三通阀的第三出口连通；
    第一自动推动装置，与所述第一注液装置连接，用于带动所述第一注液装置的活塞杆做往复运动；
    第二自动推动装置，与所述第二注液装置连接，用于带动所述第二注液装置的活塞杆做往复运动；
    自动旋转装置，用于带动所述三通阀的阀门旋钮旋转以连通所述三通阀的其中两个出口。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的全自动发泡装置，其特征在于，所述控制装置与所述第一自动推动装置、所述第二自动推动装置和所述自动旋转装置电性连接；
    用于基于所述指令信号使所述自动旋转装置旋转以及使所述第一自动推动装置、所述第二自动推动装置进行推注；
    还用于基于所述第一压力信号使所述第一自动推动装置、所述第二自动推动装置停止推注，以及使所述自动旋转装置旋转；
    还用于基于所述第二压力信号使所述第二自动推动装置注射混悬液。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的全自动发泡装置，其特征在于，所述自动旋转装置包括相连接的动力装置和旋转杆，所述旋转杆用于与所述阀门旋钮接触并在所述动力装置的驱动下带动所述阀门旋钮旋转；
    所述第一自动推动装置包括第一驱动装置和第一驱动杆，所述第一驱动装置通过所述第一驱动杆与所述第一注液装置的活塞杆连接；
    所述第二自动推动装置包括第二驱动装置和第二驱动杆，所述第二驱动装置通过所 述第二驱动杆与所述第二注液装置的活塞杆连接。
  8. 一种全自动发泡方法，应用于权利要求1至7中任一项所述的全自动发泡装置，其特征在于，包括：
    所述指令输入装置接收用户指令并输出指令信号；
    所述控制装置接收指令信号控制所述自动推注装置自动推注形成混悬液；
    所述第一检测装置检测所述自动推注装置的注液装置内的压力，并输出第一压力信号；
    所述控制装置接收第一压力信号控制所述自动推注装置停止推注；
    所述第二检测装置检测所述吹气装置内的压力，并输出第二压力信号；
    所述控制装置接收第二压力信号控制所述自动推注装置注射混悬液。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的全自动发泡方法，其特征在于，所述自动推注装置包括底座、以及设置在所述底座上的三通阀、第一注液装置、第二注液装置、静脉针、第一自动推动装置、第二自动推动装置和自动旋转装置，所述第一自动推动装置与所述第一注液装置连接，所述第一注液装置与所述三通阀的第一出口连通；所述第二自动推动装置与所述第二注液装置连接，所述第二注液装置与所述三通阀的第二出口连通；所述静脉针与所述三通阀的第三出口连通；
    所述控制装置接收指令信号控制所述自动推注装置自动推注形成混悬液，包括：
    所述控制装置接收指令信号控制所述自动旋转装置旋转所述三通阀的阀门旋钮以连通所述第一注液装置和所述第二注液装置；并控制所述第一自动推动装置驱动所述第一注液装置的活塞杆做往复运动以及控制所述第二自动推动装置驱动所述第二注液装置的活塞杆做往复运动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的全自动发泡方法，其特征在于，所述控制装置接收第一压力信号控制所述自动推注装置停止推注，包括：
    所述控制装置接收第一压力信号控制所述第二自动推动装置停止推注；
    所述控制装置控制所述第一自动推动装置驱动所述第一注液装置的活塞杆以使混悬液存储于所述第二注液装置内；
    混悬液完全存储于所述第二注液装置内后，所述控制装置控制所述第一自动推动装置停止推注。
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