WO2024136048A1 - 방향성 전기강판 및 그의 제조 방법 - Google Patents
방향성 전기강판 및 그의 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024136048A1 WO2024136048A1 PCT/KR2023/015568 KR2023015568W WO2024136048A1 WO 2024136048 A1 WO2024136048 A1 WO 2024136048A1 KR 2023015568 W KR2023015568 W KR 2023015568W WO 2024136048 A1 WO2024136048 A1 WO 2024136048A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/1283—Application of a separating or insulating coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1294—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a localised treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
- H01F1/18—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets with insulating coating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/03—Constructional details of gas laser discharge tubes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/0602—Crystal lasers or glass lasers
- H01S3/0604—Crystal lasers or glass lasers in the form of a plate or disc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
Definitions
- It relates to grain-oriented electrical steel sheets and their manufacturing methods. More specifically, it relates to a method of manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheets with excellent iron loss and coercive force while preventing surface damage by irradiating overlapping lasers with different wavelengths on the surface of electrical steel sheets that have undergone secondary recrystallization.
- Grain-oriented electrical steel has excellent magnetic properties and is used as an iron core material for transformers.
- This grain-oriented electrical steel sheet undergoes a rolling and annealing process unique to the electrical steel manufacturing process to form a Goss texture recrystallized in the ⁇ 110 ⁇ ⁇ 001> orientation throughout the steel sheet.
- the world In order to respond to climate change, the world is strengthening the calculation levels of greenhouse gas emissions day by day.
- the factor affecting the greenhouse gas emissions calculation level is related to the improvement in efficiency when using electrical steel sheets.
- the efficiency of the transformer iron core is influenced by the iron loss, magnetic flux density, and coercive force, or magnetic properties, of the electrical steel sheet.
- the magnetic flux density of an electrical steel sheet can be significantly affected by the manufacturing process of the electrical steel sheet because the degree to which crystal axes that are easy to magnetize are gathered in the crystal structure, that is, the higher the crystal orientation, the higher the magnetic flux density.
- the W17/50 [W/kg] value measured when a magnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz is applied at a maximum magnetic flux density of 1.7 T is called the guaranteed iron loss value of the iron core material, and this value is a measure of the iron loss of the electrical steel sheet. It is generally used as However, when designing a transformer, the W15/50 [W/kg] value measured when a magnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz is applied at a lower maximum magnetic flux density of 1.5 T is used. The efficiency of a transformer is evaluated to be superior as the design core loss value of the transformer is lower.
- iron loss is evaluated as a more important indicator because the process technology for securing high magnetic flux density through upward standardization of the manufacturing process of electrical steel sheets has been developed to the extent that it can support the efficiency of transformers.
- This iron loss is divided into eddy current loss and hysteresis loss, and hysteresis loss tends to decrease when the magnetic flux density is high, so eddy current loss plays an important role in controlling the overall iron loss in grain-oriented electrical steel sheets.
- eddy current loss is divided into classical eddy current loss and abnormal eddy current loss.
- Classical eddy current loss is proportional to the thickness of the steel sheet, so the thinner the steel sheet is, the classical eddy current loss decreases. Therefore, controlling abnormal eddy current loss has become an important technology for reducing iron loss.
- Refining the magnetic domains in electrical steel sheets refers to the process of dividing crystal particles with one magnetic domain into multiple magnetic domains by applying physical stimulation to them and refining them.
- Methods for refining the magnetic domain include laser irradiation, electron beam irradiation, plasma treatment, etching, or roll press fitting. And, depending on whether the magnetic domain refinement effect is maintained even after stress relief annealing (SRA) is performed after such magnetic domain refinement treatment, it is divided into permanent magnetic domain refinement and temporary magnetic domain refinement.
- SRA stress relief annealing
- the temporary magnetic domain refinement method uses various means such as a laser to reduce the width of the 180° magnetic domain formed from the magnetic domain refinement treated surface of the steel sheet to the opposite magnetic domain unprocessed surface.
- reducing the width of the 180° magnetic domain reduces the moving distance of the magnetic domain when a magnetic field is applied to the steel sheet from the outside and also increases the residual tensile stress in the rolling direction, resulting in improved magnetic properties. do.
- the energy density of the laser per unit area must be increased by increasing the laser output (energy density).
- Another method is to reduce the diameter of the final beam such as a laser and increase the length to increase the duration time per unit length.
- an energy source such as a laser strong enough to refine the width of the 180° magnetic domain is incident on the surface of the steel sheet, the surface of the steel sheet may be damaged.
- It relates to grain-oriented electrical steel sheets and their manufacturing methods. More specifically, it relates to a method of manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheets that prevent surface damage and have excellent transformer design core loss values and coercive force characteristics by irradiating overlapping lasers with different wavelengths on the surface of electrical steel sheets that have undergone secondary recrystallization.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes an electrical steel sheet base material; and an insulating film layer located on the electrical steel sheet base, wherein at least one linear deformation part is present on the surface of the insulating film layer, and a re-solidification layer is formed at any one of front and rear boundaries of the deformation part, and the insulation In the thickness direction of the coating layer, the P concentration in the re-solidification layer appears lower than the P concentration in the lower insulating coating layer in which the re-solidification layer is not formed.
- the location where the P concentration of the re-solidification layer begins to decrease is preferably located at 15% or less of the total insulation coating layer thickness from the surface of the insulation coating layer in the thickness direction of the insulation coating layer.
- the position where the P concentration of the re-solidified layer begins to be low is preferably located 500 nm or less from the surface of the insulating coating layer in the thickness direction of the insulating coating layer.
- the width of the boundary where the re-solidified layer is formed is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less at either the front or the rear centering on both ends of the deformed portion.
- a glass film layer may be further formed between the electrical steel sheet substrate and the insulating film layer.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention preferably has an iron loss (material W15/50) improvement rate of 7% or more and a coercive force improvement rate of 11% or more.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes an electrical steel sheet base material; and an insulating film layer located on the electrical steel sheet base, wherein at least one linear deformation part is present on the surface of the insulating film layer, and a re-solidification layer is formed at any one of the upper and lower boundaries of the deformation part, and the insulating film In the thickness direction of the coating layer, the Si concentration in the re-solidification layer appears to be higher than the Si concentration in the lower insulating coating layer in which the re-solidification layer is not formed.
- the P concentration in the re-solidification layer is lower than the P concentration in the lower insulating coating layer in which the re-solidification layer is not formed.
- the position at which the P and Si concentrations in the re-solidification layer begin to change is preferably 15% or less of the total insulation coating layer thickness from the surface of the insulation coating layer in the thickness direction of the insulation coating layer.
- the iron loss (W15/50) improvement rate of the electrical steel sheet is 7% or more and the coercive force improvement rate of the electrical steel sheet is 11% or more.
- a method of manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes a first beam spot formed by irradiating a first laser beam of a first wavelength, and a second laser beam of a second wavelength being formed by irradiating a second laser beam of a second wavelength. It consists of a second beam spot, and the width of the second beam spot is controlled to be located within the width of the first beam spot on the surface of the electrical steel sheet based on the direction of movement of the electrical steel sheet. It is irradiated on the surface of a steel plate to form a linear deformed part.
- the first laser is a CO2 laser and the second laser is a disk laser.
- the length of the disk laser beam, which is the second laser beam is preferably longer or shorter than the length of the CO2 laser beam, which is the first laser beam, based on the width direction of the electrical steel sheet.
- the CO2 laser which is the first laser
- the disk laser which is the second laser
- the CO2 laser, which is the first laser, and the disk laser, which is the second laser are scanned separately by a laser beam scanning device, so that the laser beams may overlap each other on the surface of the electrical steel sheet.
- the beam spot of the CO 2 laser which is the first laser, is preferably an elliptical beam spot with a width of 100 to 400 ⁇ m and a length of 0.4 to 20 mm.
- the beam spot of the disc laser which is the second laser
- the beam spot of the disc laser has a width of 10 to 200 ⁇ m, and the length is less than or greater than the length of the CO 2 laser beam spot, which is the first laser, is oval or circular. It is desirable.
- the irradiation interval of the overlapping laser beams is 2 to 7 mm and the scanning speed is 1 to 300 m/sec.
- the inclination direction of the overlapping laser beam is ⁇ 10° or less.
- the output of the CO 2 laser, which is the first laser is preferably 200 to 2,000 W
- the output of the disk laser, which is the second laser is preferably 10 to 550 W.
- magnetism by performing optimal magnetic domain refinement using overlapping lasers with different wavelengths, magnetism can be further improved and damage to the surface of the steel sheet can be sufficiently suppressed.
- the magnetic domain refinement method uses a CO 2 laser as a long-wavelength laser to stably preheat a steel sheet without destroying the insulating film layer, and uses a disk laser as a short-wavelength laser to precisely form the magnetic domain. With this width, residual stress due to thermoelastic deformation of the steel sheet can be induced, making accurate magnetic domain refinement possible.
- the magnetic domain refinement method according to another embodiment of the present invention simultaneously irradiates the surface of a steel sheet on which secondary recrystallization has been completed with lasers with different wavelengths in an overlapping state to maximize thermal shock in the thickness direction even under low laser power conditions, thereby providing excellent low-field iron loss.
- Directional magnetic domain refinement products can be provided.
- Figure 1a is a photograph taken with an electron microscope of the surface of a steel plate after magnetic domain refinement was performed with an overlapping laser beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 b is a FIB-TEM photograph taken by enlarging the cross section of the steel plate at part G1 in FIG. 1 a in the thickness direction from the surface of the steel plate.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in components in the thickness direction of the steel sheet analyzed along lines T1 and T2 in the FIB-TEM photo of FIG. 1b.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram schematically showing changes in main components in the graph of Figure 2.
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing a case where beam spots of overlapping lasers with different wavelengths are scanned on a steel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a schematic diagram when beam spots of overlapping lasers with different wavelengths are scanned on the surface of a steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a case where beam spots of overlapping lasers with different wavelengths are scanned on the surface of a steel sheet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the energy density when beam spots of overlapping lasers with different wavelengths are scanned on the surface of a steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- first, second, and third are used to describe, but are not limited to, various parts, components, regions, layers, and/or sections. These terms are used only to distinguish one portion, component, region, layer or section from another portion, component, region, layer or section. Accordingly, the first part, component, region, layer or section described below may be referred to as the second part, component, region, layer or section without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- an electrical steel sheet base and an insulating film layer located on the electrical steel sheet base, wherein at least one linear deformation part exists on the surface of the insulating film layer, and a re-solidified layer is formed at any one of the front and rear boundaries of the deformed part, and the insulating film layer
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet in which the P concentration in the re-solidification layer in the thickness direction is lower than the P concentration in the lower insulating film layer in which the re-solidification layer is not formed.
- the electrical steel base material is an electrical steel sheet in which secondary recrystallization has been completed by performing final annealing according to the manufacturing process of grain-oriented electrical steel sheets to form a GOSS texture inside the steel sheet.
- an insulating film layer is formed on this electrical steel sheet substrate.
- a glass film layer may be further formed between the electrical steel sheet substrate and the insulating film layer.
- the insulating film layer is mainly composed of phosphate and colloidal silica
- the glass film layer is mainly composed of forsterite.
- the main component includes 0.1 g/m2 or more of phosphate in the insulating film layer based on the amount applied to one side of the surface of the steel sheet, and 0.1 g/m2 or more of colloidal silica in the insulating film layer based on the amount applied to one side of the surface of the steel sheet.
- the amount of oxygen applied to one side of the steel sheet surface is 0.7 g/m2 or more.
- one or more linear deformation parts exist on the surface of the insulating film layer.
- the deformation part on a line includes not only a solid line but also an intermittent continuous line such as a dotted or broken line, and includes a zigzag shape when viewed microscopically, but a straight line when viewed macroscopically, and all forms that are substantially linear. Includes a deformation part.
- this deformed portion is formed in the area between C and D of FIG. 1A, and is formed in a line along the TD direction (direction perpendicular to the rolling direction of the electrical steel sheet) on the surface of the electrical steel sheet.
- line C refers to the end of the deformed section formed in the front of the rolling direction of the steel sheet when irradiating an overlapping laser beam, which will be described later, on the surface of the steel sheet
- line D refers to the rear end of the deformed section.
- C lines and D lines are formed along the lines where the overlapping lasers were scanned, and form the boundaries of the deformed area.
- G1 and G2 mean a certain area forming a boundary in the range of ⁇ 5 to 10 ⁇ m with the C line and D line as the center line, respectively.
- G1 refers to the front area in the direction of steel sheet rolling
- G2 refers to the rear area in the direction of steel sheet rolling.
- the linear deformation part formed on the surface of the electrical steel sheet is formed by irradiating overlapping laser beams of different wavelengths in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction of the electrical steel sheet (TD direction).
- TD direction the rolling direction of the electrical steel sheet
- the overlapping laser beam is simultaneously radiated not only to the electrical steel sheet itself but also to the insulating film or glass film and insulating film formed on the top of the steel sheet in the thickness direction of the electrical steel sheet.
- the material is transformed into a different state from just before the overlapping laser beam is irradiated.
- lancet domains (reflux domains) are formed to reduce magnetoelastic energy.
- a 180° magnetic domain is formed in the portion of the steel sheet affected by the overlapping laser, and by forming a 90° magnetic domain to reduce the magnetic elastic energy in the thickness direction of the steel sheet, the spacing between the magnetic domains is narrowed and the magnetic domains are refined.
- the abnormal eddy current loss of the steel sheet is consequently reduced.
- a deformed part is also formed on the top of the steel sheet, that is, on the surface of the insulating film layer that the overlapping laser beam directly contacts.
- the deformed part (area between C and D) of the insulating film layer is formed along the trajectory scanned by the overlapping laser beam, and can be contracted by evaporation of some of the component elements that make up the insulating film layer to form a concave groove shape. The depth of these grooves can be controlled by adjusting the energy density of the incident overlapping laser.
- a re-solidified layer is formed at the boundary portion of the deformed portion (G1, G2 in FIG. 1A) formed on the surface of the insulating film layer in the thickness direction of the insulating film layer.
- the re-solidified layer of the insulating film layer is formed by partially melting the insulating film layer by irradiation of an overlapping laser beam and then immediately re-solidifying it.
- the re-solidified layer formed at the boundary of the deformed part of the insulation film layer can be formed along lines C and D of Figure 1a in the area where the overlapping laser beam is directly irradiated, and this re-solidified layer is formed by the overlapping laser beam. This may appear intermittently or continuously in the form of a line along the scanned trajectory.
- the width of the boundary where this re-solidification layer is formed is preferably formed within a range of 10 ⁇ m or less centered on lines C and D, which are both ends of the deformed region.
- the re-solidified layer of the insulating film layer is formed when an overlapping laser is irradiated on the surface of a steel sheet with an insulating film formed, some of the phosphate forming the insulating film layer is melted by the overlapping laser and solidifies immediately after the overlapping laser beam passes. . Therefore, this re-solidification layer is also called a phosphate re-solidification layer.
- the formation of a re-solidification layer in the insulating film layer is a phenomenon that does not occur when each laser constituting the overlapping laser beam is irradiated separately.
- the reason why the re-solidified layer of the insulating film layer mainly appears at the boundary of the area where the overlapping laser beams are irradiated is because the vaporization point of the phosphate constituting the insulating film is low, so phosphorus is released during overlapping laser beam irradiation. It is assumed that the silicon oxides that are vaporized first and are composed of Si and O are re-solidified in an amorphous state.
- phosphorus (P) is vaporized at the portion where the re-solidification layer is formed, that is, at the boundary where the overlapping laser beam is irradiated, and the concentration of phosphorus (P) in the re-solidification layer is lowered.
- the P concentration in the lower insulating film layer, where the re-solidification layer was not formed due to the deep depth is higher than the phosphorus (P) concentration in the re-solidification layer.
- the P concentration of the part of the insulating film layer where the re-solidification layer is formed by irradiation of the overlapping laser beam appears lower than the P concentration of the lower insulating film layer where the re-solidification layer is not formed.
- the concentration of silicon (Si) in the re-solidification layer appears to be higher than that of the lower insulating film layer in which the re-solidification layer is not formed. This is presumed to be because silicon oxides composed of Si and O are re-solidified in an amorphous state in the re-solidified layer by irradiation of overlapping laser beams.
- silicon oxide is solidified in an amorphous state to form a re-solidification layer, and the corrosion characteristics of this re-solidification layer are improved due to the inherent characteristics of the amorphous state.
- the thickness of the re-solidified layer of the insulating film layer formed by irradiating overlapping laser beams on the surface of the steel sheet is preferably within 15% of the average cross-sectional thickness of the entire insulating film layer based on the non-deformed area (non-overlapping laser irradiation surface).
- the absolute thickness of the insulating film layer becomes thin, which may have a detrimental effect on corrosion resistance, and the tension effect caused by the insulating film layer Since core loss may be inferior by reducing , it is desirable to limit it to this range.
- the physical properties of the insulating film layer change, so that the insulating film layer is overall stable and does not partially peel off or be damaged. If the re-solidification layer is formed more than 15% of the thickness of the insulating film layer, it is undesirable because the insulating film layer is damaged and the tension effect of the insulating film layer is lost.
- a re-solidification layer when a re-solidification layer is formed on the insulating film layer by irradiation of an overlapping laser, the formation of this re-solidification layer may cause shrinkage in the insulating film layer, thereby changing the thickness of the insulating film layer.
- the part where the concentration change of phosphorus (P) and silicon (Si) in the re-solidification layer begins is 500 nm or less from the surface of the insulation film layer in the thickness direction of the insulation film layer, based on the insulation film layer not irradiated with the overlapping laser beam. desirable. In this way, if the re-solidified layer is formed from a depth of 500 nm or more from the surface of the insulating film layer, it is undesirable because the insulating film layer is damaged and the tension effect of the insulating film layer is lost.
- the W15/50 iron loss improvement rate of this steel sheet is preferably 7% or more. If the W15/50 iron loss improvement rate is less than 7%, the effect of reducing efficiency after transformer design is minimal.
- the coercive force improvement rate of the steel sheet is 11% or more. If the coercivity improvement rate is less than 11%, it is not desirable because the eddy current loss effect is not significant.
- a first beam spot is formed by irradiation of a first laser beam of a first wavelength
- a second beam spot is formed by irradiation of a second laser beam of a second wavelength
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet in which a deformed portion is formed by irradiating an overlapping laser beam, which is formed by controlling the width of the second beam spot on the surface of the steel sheet to be within the width of the first beam spot, based on the traveling direction of the electrical steel sheet, on the surface of the steel sheet. Provides a magnetic domain refinement method.
- the magnetic domain refinement process of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to another embodiment of the present invention is performed in a vertical or inclined direction of the rolling direction (RD direction) of the steel sheet over the entire length of the electrical steel sheet, that is, the steel sheet.
- Overlapping lasers are irradiated along the width direction (TD direction) to form a linear deformed portion 10.
- the formation of the deformed portion 10 in a steel sheet by a laser refers to the deformation of the crystal lattice caused by thermal shock due to laser irradiation, and this deformation of the crystal lattice occurs in the process where the steel sheet is locally rapidly heated and immediately cooled by the laser. is formed At this time, the heating rate of the steel sheet is proportional to the energy density (power density) per laser unit time.
- the deformation of the crystal lattice due to thermal shock during laser irradiation increases as the total laser irradiation energy increases, so when energy exceeding the amount required for magnetic domain refinement is irradiated to the steel sheet, the heat source exceeding that required for forming the looped domain spreads to the surroundings, causing magnetic deformation. It gets bigger. Therefore, the deformation of the crystal lattice due to thermal shock during laser irradiation requires exactly the amount of lattice strain energy required to form the looped domain, and in order to suppress heat diffusion, it is desirable to irradiate the laser incident energy to a narrow area for a shorter period of time.
- the interaction conditions between the laser beam and the steel sheet are affected by the characteristics of the laser and the absorption rate of the laser beam for the steel sheet. If the manufacturing conditions of the steel sheet are constant, the laser absorption rate is affected by the wavelength of the laser. In other words, the laser absorption rate of the steel sheet is approximately 10% or less for the CO 2 laser with a long wavelength (wavelength: 10.6 ⁇ m), and is 3 to 5 times closer to that of the CO 2 laser for the short-wavelength disk laser (wavelength: 1.03 ⁇ m). Shows high absorption rate.
- the insulating film layer formed on the top of the steel sheet shows large absorption for long-wavelength CO 2 lasers, but absorbs relatively small laser beams for short-wavelength disk lasers.
- the long-wavelength CO 2 laser can be used at high outputs ranging from hundreds of W to several KW or more, depending on the speed of the steel sheet, and can easily induce thermoelastic deformation in the irradiated part of the steel sheet.
- the long-wavelength CO 2 laser has a high absorption rate for insulating films made of phosphate and silica, so it can stably pass through the film layers. Therefore, the long-wavelength CO 2 laser can stably induce thermoelastic deformation of the steel sheet without destroying the insulating film layers, making it suitable for acting as a kind of preheating.
- a short-wavelength disk laser has a relatively high laser absorption rate for a steel sheet, so it irradiates incident energy that is sufficient to cause residual stress due to lattice strain and thermoelastic strain exactly as needed to form a looped domain in a narrow area for a shorter period of time. It is possible. In addition, because the short-wavelength disk laser has a narrow incident energy range, heat diffusion to the surroundings can be suppressed and unnecessary thermal deformation can be minimized.
- the beam (A) of the CO 2 laser is used as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. It is desirable that the width of the beam B of the disk laser is located within the width.
- lattice strain and thermoelastic strain equal to the width of the short-wavelength disk laser beam (B) are generated to form a deformed part, while the width of the long-wavelength CO 2 laser beam (A) is equal to the width of the disk laser beam (A).
- Thermoelastic deformation can be easily induced through preheating in an area wider than the width of the beam (B).
- the lengths of the CO 2 laser beam (A) and the disk laser beam (B) are different from the widths of these beams (A, B). That is, in the direction in which the overlapping laser beam 20 travels on the surface of the steel sheet, either the CO 2 laser beam (A) or the disk laser beam (B) passes through the travel line first and plays the role of preheating the steel sheet. Since this is sufficient, the preheating role is possible even if any one of the laser beams constituting the overlapping laser beam passes through first.
- the CO 2 laser beam (A) scans the surface of the steel sheet first among the overlapping laser beams to play a preheating role. can do.
- the disk laser beam (B) may first scan the surface of the steel sheet to serve as preheating.
- the length of the disk laser beam (B) may be longer or shorter than the length of the CO 2 laser beam (A).
- the disk laser beam (B) is placed at position “a” where the energy density of the disk laser beam (B) is high.
- the disk laser beam (B) is placed at position “a” where the energy density of the disk laser beam (B) is high.
- the center can be easily located.
- the method of forming an overlapping laser beam is a method in which the CO 2 laser, which is the first laser, and the disk laser, which is the second laser, each generate a laser beam in a laser oscillator and share an optical path in an optical system that processes the laser beam.
- This method of sharing an optical path involves two different laser beams using one optical path in an optical system to form an overlapping laser beam 30 as shown in FIG. 4, and then forming an overlapping laser beam 20 on the surface of the steel plate. will be investigated.
- Another method of forming an overlapping laser beam is that the first laser, a CO2 laser (A'), and the second laser, a disk laser (B'), each generate a laser beam in a laser oscillator and each has its own unique optical system that processes the laser beam.
- This is a method that uses the optical path of .
- two different laser beams arrive at the surface of the steel plate using their respective optical paths in the optical system and irradiate overlapping laser beams 20', as shown in FIG. 4.
- the beam spot of the CO 2 laser which is the first laser (A, A'), has a width (length in the “RD direction” in FIG. 4) of 100 to 400 ⁇ m, and a length of (Length in “TD direction” in FIG. 4) is preferably an elliptical beam spot of 0.4 to 20 mm.
- the beam spot of the CO 2 laser can be used in a circular shape with a radius of 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the mirror optical system becomes complicated like a disk laser, and if it becomes larger than 400 ⁇ m, the thermal effect in the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet increases and the magnetic flux density decreases. Not desirable.
- the beam spot of the disk laser which is the second laser (B, B') among the overlapping lasers, has a width (length in the “RD direction” in FIG. 4) of 10 to 200 ⁇ m and a length (length in the “TD direction” in FIG. 4). "length) is less than or more than the length of the CO 2 laser beam spot, which is the first laser (A), and the shape of the beam spot is preferably oval or circular.
- the beam spot width of a disk laser decreases to less than 10 ⁇ m, energy density is concentrated in a narrow area, which may result in inferior magnetic flux density and core loss, and the optical system structure becomes complicated.
- the beam spot width of the disk laser increases by more than 200 ⁇ m, the thermal effect in the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet increases, which may lead to a decrease in magnetic flux density, which is not desirable.
- the oscillation mode of the laser beam used in one embodiment of the present invention is a continuous wave laser that generates laser light continuously for both the first laser (A, A') and the second laser (B, B'). It is preferable to use a laser, but a pulse laser can also be used.
- the quality of the laser beam used is preferably the Gaussian mode of TEM 00 for both the first laser (A, A') and the second laser (B, B'), but the multi transverse mode of TEM0i is preferred. ) can also be used.
- the overlapping laser beams 20 and 20' irradiated to the surface of the steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention can minimize the thermal effect in the width direction of the steel sheet while maximizing the thermal shock in the thickness direction, so the beam shape of each laser or There is no specific limitation on beam quality.
- the output of the CO 2 laser, which is the first laser is preferably 200 to 2,000 W
- the output of the disk laser, which is the first laser is preferably 10 to 550 W.
- the output range of each laser specifies the laser output conditions when the steel sheet travels at a speed of 15 mpm, and it is desirable to optimally control the output value of each laser considering the incident energy density according to the steel sheet's travel speed.
- the irradiation interval of the overlapping laser beams (20, 20') is preferably 2 to 7 mm. If the irradiation interval of the overlapping laser beams (20, 20') irradiated to the surface of the steel sheet is too narrow to less than 2 mm, the influence of the heat-affected zone increases, resulting in inferior magnetic flux density and iron loss, and if the irradiation interval is 7 mm or more, the magnetic domain refinement effect is lost. It is not easy to achieve the effect because the thermal shock effect required to secure it is low.
- the overlapping laser beam it is desirable to scan the overlapping laser beam at an angle of ⁇ 10° or less in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction. If overlapping laser beams are irradiated at an inclined angle greater than this angle, the necessary magnetic domain refinement effect may not appear.
- the scanning speed of the overlapping laser is the same as the moving speed of the steel sheet. As the progressing speed increases, the scanning speed must become faster, so 1 to 300 m/sec is preferable, and this speed refers to the value exemplified under the 15 mpm condition.
- a slab based on electrical steel is manufactured.
- the chemical composition and metal structure of the slab are not separately limited as long as the easy axis of magnetization is aligned in a certain direction to function as an electrical steel sheet.
- the chemical composition of the slab is as follows.
- the chemical composition of the slab in mass % is C: 0.08% or less (excluding 0%), Si: 1.0 to 6.5%, Mn: 0.005 to 3.0%, (sum of any one or more of Nb, V, and Ti); 0.070% or less, (sum of any one or more of Cr, Sn, Sb): 2.5% or less, Al: 2.0% or less (excluding 0%), (sum of any one or more of P, S): 0.100% or less (0 % is excluded), (total of Cu and Sn): 1.0% or less, total rare earth elements and other impurities include 0.2% or less, and the remainder consists of Fe.
- the addition of other elements in addition to the above-described alloy components is not excluded, and may be variously included within a range that does not impair the technical spirit of the present invention. If additional elements are included, they are included by replacing the remaining Fe.
- a steel sheet with this composition is manufactured into a slab by continuous casting, then heated and hot rolled in a conventional manner, optionally annealed as hot rolled sheet, and then cold rolled to produce a thickness in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
- cold rolling can be performed once or at least twice with intermediate annealing in between.
- the manufactured cold-rolled steel sheet is subjected to primary recrystallization annealing through a simultaneous decarburization or post-decarburization nitriding process.
- primary recrystallization annealing by simultaneous decarbonitriding is performed, the structure of the cold rolling deformed during the annealing process is decarbonized and annealed, including primary recrystallization.
- it is carried out in a mixed gas atmosphere containing nitrogen, hydrogen, and moisture.
- nitriding treatment to introduce nitrogen ions into the steel sheet using ammonia gas may be performed after decarburization.
- the dew point temperature of the atmospheric gas is set to 40 ⁇ 70°C in the range of 700 ⁇ 900°C for the cold rolled steel sheet charged into the furnace, and the Fe 2 SiO 4 /SiO 2 ratio on the surface is controlled to 0.5 ⁇ 3.0 to produce electrical steel sheets. Forms an oxide layer on the surface.
- an annealing separator based on MgO is applied to the surface of the steel sheet on which primary recrystallization has been completed, and then the temperature is raised to over 1,000°C and crack annealed for a long time to cause secondary recrystallization so that the ⁇ 110 ⁇ plane of the steel sheet is parallel to the rolling surface. And, a Goss-oriented texture is formed in which the ⁇ 001> direction is parallel to the rolling direction.
- a glass film layer containing forsterite is formed on the surface of the steel sheet, and secondary recrystallization is formed inside the steel sheet.
- the steel sheet on which secondary recrystallization has been performed in this way is coated with an insulating coating solution of colloidal silica and metal phosphate alone or in combination, and then annealed to form an insulating film layer on the surface of the electrical steel sheet on which the glass film layer has been formed.
- the method of forming such an insulating film layer can be used without particular limitation.
- the insulating film layer can be formed by applying an insulating coating solution containing phosphate. It is preferable to use such an insulating coating solution containing colloidal silica and metal phosphate.
- the metal phosphate may be Al phosphate, Mg phosphate, or a combination thereof, and the content of Al, Mg, or a combination thereof relative to the weight of the insulating coating liquid may be 15% by weight or more.
- Laser beams 20 and 20' in which the first lasers (A, A') and the second lasers (B, B') are overlapped, are applied to the surface of the electrical steel sheet on which the glass film and the insulating film are sequentially formed through the above process. Simultaneously irradiated, a linear deformed portion 10 is formed on the surface of the steel plate.
- the electrical steel sheet can be irradiated with overlapping laser beams while moving at a constant speed.
- the irradiation angle of the overlapping laser beam, the quality of the laser beam used, and the type of laser mode are the same as described above, so detailed descriptions are omitted.
- This cold-rolled steel sheet was maintained at a temperature of 845°C for 160 seconds in a humid mixed gas atmosphere of hydrogen, nitrogen, and ammonia (dew point temperature 68°C, Fe 2 SiO 4 /SiO 2 ratio was controlled to 1.2) and primary recrystallization annealing was performed. Including decarbonization and nitriding.
- An annealing separator containing MgO was applied to the surface of the steel sheet that had undergone primary recrystallization, and final high temperature annealing was performed. At this time, the final high-temperature annealing was performed in a mixed atmosphere of 25% by volume nitrogen and 75% by volume up to 1,200°C. After reaching 1,200°C, it was maintained in a 100% by volume hydrogen atmosphere for about 8 hours and then furnace cooled.
- a coating solution mixed with colloidal silica particles and metal phosphate is applied to the surface of the steel sheet that has completed secondary recrystallization annealing through the final high-temperature annealing process above and hardened by heat treatment at 880°C for 50 seconds, and the tension of the steel sheet is maintained in the furnace. It was maintained below 3.1 MPa.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet was manufactured in which a forsterite layer and an insulating coating layer were sequentially formed on the surface of the steel sheet.
- a laser beam 20 in which the first laser (CO 2 ) and the second laser (disk) overlapped was simultaneously irradiated to the surface of the steel sheet to form a linear deformed portion 10 on the surface.
- the laser used for magnetic domain refinement was a CO 2 laser with an output of 150 to 3.0 kW as the first laser (A), and a disk laser with an output of 40 to 550 W was used as the second laser (B).
- the scanning speed of the overlapping laser beam 20 varied within the range of 5 to 150 m/s, and the irradiation angle was 1° or less.
- Table 2 below shows the test conditions and measured magnetic values for a 0.23 mm thick steel plate.
- the W15/50 iron loss improvement rate and coercive force improvement rate refer to the iron loss and coercive force improvement rate for the magnetic domain-treated specimen compared to the original plate.
- the laser irradiation method in Comparison 1 is a “sequential irradiation” method, which first irradiates the CO 2 laser, which is the first laser (A), and then after a certain period of time, the steel plate in the irradiated area is cooled to room temperature.
- 2 Laser (B) a disk laser, was irradiated by overlapping the location where the CO 2 laser passed.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, but can be manufactured in various different forms, and a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can manufacture it in other specific forms without changing the technical idea or essential features of the present invention. You will understand that it can be done. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.
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Abstract
Description
| C (%) |
Si (%) |
Mn (%) |
Cr (%) |
Sn (%) |
Sb (%) |
Al (%) |
잔부 |
| 0.06 | 3.515 | 0.100 | 0.116 | 0.0700 | 0.020 | 0.002 | Fe |
| 구분 |
시험 조건 | 주사속도 (m/sec) |
철손 W15/50(W/kg) |
보자력 Hc at 1.7T,50Hz (A/m) |
재응고층 형성여부 | |||||||
| 조사방식 | 디스크 출력(W) |
CO2 출력(W) |
조사 간격(mm) |
조사전 | 조사후 | 철손 개선율(%) |
조사전 | 조사후 | 보자력 개선율(%) |
|||
| 실험 1 | 중첩 | 75 | 350 | 2.0 | 20.0 | 0.572 | 0.530 | 7.3 | 18.1 | 16.1 | 11.0 | ◎ |
| 실험 2 | 75 | 350 | 3.0 | 13.3 | 0.572 | 0.525 | 8.2 | 18.2 | 15.6 | 14.3 | ◎ | |
| 실험 3 | 75 | 350 | 4.0 | 13.4 | 0.571 | 0.520 | 8.9 | 18.0 | 15.3 | 15.0 | ◎ | |
| 실험 4 | 75 | 350 | 5.0 | 10.7 | 0.572 | 0.503 | 12.1 | 18.2 | 15.2 | 16.5 | ◎ | |
| 실험 5 | 75 | 350 | 6.0 | 8.9 | 0.571 | 0.501 | 12.3 | 18.1 | 15.5 | 14.4 | ◎ | |
| 실험 6 | 75 | 350 | 7.0 | 7.7 | 0.57 | 0.511 | 10.4 | 18.1 | 15.6 | 13.8 | ◎ | |
| 실험 7 | 100 | 1000 | 5.0 | 30.7 | 0.571 | 0.502 | 12.1 | 18.1 | 15.1 | 16.6 | ◎ | |
| 실험 8 | 200 | 1000 | 5.0 | 34.7 | 0.572 | 0.503 | 12.1 | 18.0 | 15.1 | 16.1 | ◎ | |
| 실험 9 | 300 | 1500 | 5.0 | 46.4 | 0.572 | 0.501 | 12.4 | 18.0 | 15.1 | 16.4 | ◎ | |
| 실험 10 | 350 | 1500 | 5.0 | 50.4 | 0.572 | 0.503 | 12.1 | 18.1 | 15.1 | 16.6 | ◎ | |
| 실험 11 | 400 | 2000 | 5.0 | 61.5 | 0.572 | 0.502 | 12.2 | 18.1 | 15.0 | 17.1 | ◎ | |
| 실험 12 | 500 | 2000 | 5.0 | 64 | 0.572 | 0.505 | 11.7 | 18.2 | 15.0 | 17.4 | ◎ | |
| 실험 13 | 550 | 2000 | 5.0 | 69.3 | 0.572 | 0.502 | 12.2 | 18.0 | 15.0 | 16.4 | ◎ | |
| 비교 1 | 순차 조사 | 75 | 350 | 5.0 | 10.7 | 0.572 | 0.552 | 3.5 | 18.0 | 17.0 | 5.6 | X |
| 비교 2 | CO2 단독 |
- | 350 | 5.0 | 8.0 | 0.587 | 0.547 | 6.8 | 18.1 | 16.5 | 8.8 | X |
| 비교 3 | - | 500 | 5.0 | 10.7 | 0.578 | 0.553 | 4.3 | 18.1 | 16.6 | 8.3 | X | |
| 비교 4 | - | 1000 | 5.0 | 32.0 | 0.575 | 0.557 | 3.1 | 18.0 | 16.6 | 7.8 | X | |
| 비교 5 | - | 1500 | 5.0 | 48.0 | 0.572 | 0.554 | 3.1 | 17.9 | 16.7 | 6.7 | X | |
| 비교 6 | - | 2000 | 5.0 | 64.0 | 0.572 | 0.552 | 3.5 | 17.9 | 16.7 | 6.7 | X | |
| 비교 7 | 디스크 단독 |
75 | - | 5.0 | 10.0 | 0.575 | 0.540 | 6.1 | 18.1 | 16.5 | 8.8 | X |
| 비교 8 | 100 | - | 5.0 | 20.0 | 0.571 | 0.542 | 5.1 | 18.0 | 16.5 | 8.3 | X | |
| 비교 9 | 200 | - | 5.0 | 38.4 | 0.572 | 0.544 | 4.9 | 18.1 | 16.6 | 8.3 | X | |
| 비교 10 | 300 | - | 5.0 | 56.8 | 0.571 | 0.541 | 5.3 | 18.0 | 16.4 | 8.9 | X | |
| 비교 11 | 400 | - | 5.0 | 76.0 | 0.568 | 0.543 | 4.4 | 18.1 | 16.5 | 8.8 | X | |
| 비교 12 | 500 | - | 5.0 | 95.2 | 0.571 | 0.547 | 4.2 | 18.0 | 16.6 | 7.8 | X | |
| 비교 13 | 550 | - | 5.0 | 104.0 | 0.572 | 0.546 | 4.5 | 18.1 | 16.6 | 8.3 | X | |
Claims (22)
- 전기강판 기재; 와상기 전기강판 기재 상에 위치하는 절연 피막층을 포함하고,상기 절연피막층 표면에 하나 이상의 선형의 변형부가 존재하며,상기 변형부의 앞쪽과 뒤쪽 경계부 중 어느 하나의 위치에 재응고층이 형성되고,상기 절연 피막층의 두께 방향으로 상기 재응고층 내의 P 농도가 재응고층이 형성되지 않은 하부 절연 피막층의 P 농도 보다 낮은 방향성 전기강판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 재응고층의 P 농도가 낮아지기 시작하는 위치는 상기 절연 피막층의 두께 방향으로 상기 절연 피막층의 표면에서부터 전체 절연 피막층 두께의 15% 이하에 위치하는 방향성 전기강판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 재응고층의 P 농도가 낮기 시작하는 위치는 상기 절연 피막층의 두께 방향으로 상기 절연 피막층의 표면으로부터 500 nm 이하에 위치하는 방향성 전기강판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 재응고층이 형성되는 경계부의 폭은 상기 변형부 양쪽 끝단을 중심으로 앞쪽과 뒤쪽 중 어느 곳에 10 ㎛ 이하로 형성된 방향성 전기강판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전기강판 기재와 상기 절연 피막층 사이에 유리 피막층이 형성된, 방향성 전기강판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전기강판의 철손(자구재 W15/50) 개선율이 7 % 이상인 방향성 전기강판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전기강판의 보자력 개선율이 11% 이상인 방향성 전기강판.
- 전기강판 기재; 와상기 전기강판 기재 상에 위치하는 절연 피막층을 포함하고,상기 절연피막층 표면에 하나 이상의 선형의 변형부가 존재하며,상기 변형부의 위쪽과 아래쪽 경계부 중 어느 하나의 위치에 재응고층이 형성되고,상기 절연 피막층의 두께 방향으로 상기 재응고층 내의 Si 농도가 재응고층이 형성되지 않은 하부 절연 피막층의 Si 농도 보다 높은 방향성 전기강판.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 재응고층 내의 P 농도가 재응고층이 형성되지 않은 하부 절연 피막층의 P 농도 보다 낮은 방향성 전기강판.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 재응고층 내의 P와 Si 농도가 변화하기 시작하는 위치는 상기 절연 피막층의 두께 방향으로 상기 절연 피막층의 표면으로부터, 전체 절연 피막층 두께의 15% 이하인 방향성 전기강판.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 전기강판의 철손(W15/50) 개선율이 7 % 이상인 방향성 전기강판.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 전기강판의 보자력 개선율이 11% 이상인 방향성 전기강판.
- 제1 파장의 제1 레이저 빔이 조사되어 형성되고 있는 제1 빔스팟과제2 파장의 제2 레이저 빔이 조사되어 형성되고 있는 제2 빔스팟으로 이루어지고전기강판의 진행방향 기준으로 상기 전기강판의 표면에서 상기 제2 빔스팟의 폭이 상기 제1 빔스팟의 폭 이내에 위치하도록 제어되어 형성되고 있는 중첩 레이저빔을전기강판의 표면에 조사하여 선형의 변형부를 형성하는, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 제1 레이저는 CO2 레이저이고, 상기 제2 레이저는 디스크 레이저인 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 제2 레이저 빔인 디스크 레이저 빔의 길이는 상기 전기강판의 폭 방향 기준으로, 상기 제1 레이저 빔인 CO2 레이저 빔의 길이 보다 길거나 짧은 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 제1 레이저인 CO2 레이저와 제2 레이저인 디스크 레이저는 레이저 빔 주사장치에서 광경로를 공유하여 조사되는 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 제1 레이저인 CO2 레이저와 제2 레이저인 디스크 레이저는 레이저 빔 주사장치에서 각각 별도로 주사되어, 상기 전기강판의 표면에서 레이저 빔이 상호 중첩되는 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 제1 레이저인 CO2 레이저의 빔 스팟은 폭이 100 내지 400 ㎛ 이고, 길이는 0.4 내지 20 mm 인 타원형 빔 스팟인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 제2 레이저인 디스크 레이저의 빔 스팟은 폭이 10 내지 200 ㎛이고, 길이는 상기 제1 레이저인 CO2 레이저 빔 스팟의 길이 이하 또는 그 이상의 타원형 또는 원형인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 중첩 레이저빔의 조사 간격은 2 ~ 7 mm이고, 주사 속도는 1 내지 300 m/sec인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 중첩 레이저 빔의 경사 방향은 ±10°이하인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 제1 레이저인 CO2 레이저의 출력은 200 내지 2,000 W이고 상기 제2 레이저인 디스크 레이저의 출력은 10 내지 550 W 인 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
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| KR101681822B1 (ko) * | 2012-04-27 | 2016-12-01 | 신닛테츠스미킨 카부시키카이샤 | 방향성 전자 강판 및 그 제조 방법 |
| KR20180108838A (ko) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | 신닛테츠스미킨 카부시키카이샤 | 방향성 전자 강판 |
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| JP2021025072A (ja) * | 2019-08-01 | 2021-02-22 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板、巻鉄芯、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法、及び、巻鉄芯の製造方法 |
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| KR20180108838A (ko) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | 신닛테츠스미킨 카부시키카이샤 | 방향성 전자 강판 |
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| JP2021025072A (ja) * | 2019-08-01 | 2021-02-22 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板、巻鉄芯、方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法、及び、巻鉄芯の製造方法 |
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