WO2024144160A1 - 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024144160A1 WO2024144160A1 PCT/KR2023/021495 KR2023021495W WO2024144160A1 WO 2024144160 A1 WO2024144160 A1 WO 2024144160A1 KR 2023021495 W KR2023021495 W KR 2023021495W WO 2024144160 A1 WO2024144160 A1 WO 2024144160A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/80—Compounds containing nickel, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing one or more other elements
- C01G53/82—Compounds containing nickel, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing two or more other elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positive electrode active material for lithium secondary batteries, a positive electrode containing the same, and a lithium secondary battery, and more specifically, to a positive electrode active material containing lithium nickel-based transition metal oxide in the form of secondary particles that are aggregates of primary particles, and a positive electrode containing the same. and lithium secondary batteries.
- a lithium secondary battery generally consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode contain an active material capable of intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions.
- lithium cobalt oxide As cathode active materials for lithium secondary batteries, lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ), lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO 2 ), lithium manganese oxide (LiMnO 2 or LiMnO 4 , etc.), and lithium iron phosphate compounds (LiFePO 4 ) have been used.
- lithium cobalt oxide has the advantage of high operating voltage and excellent capacity characteristics, but the price of cobalt, which is a raw material, is high and its supply is unstable, making it difficult to apply commercially to large-capacity batteries.
- Lithium nickel oxide has poor structural stability, making it difficult to achieve sufficient lifespan characteristics.
- lithium manganese oxide has excellent stability, but has the problem of poor capacity characteristics.
- lithium nickel-based transition metal oxides containing two or more types of transition metals have been developed to compensate for the problems of lithium transition metal oxides containing only Ni, Co, or Mn, including Ni, Co, and Mn.
- Lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide is widely used in the field of electric vehicle batteries.
- the nickel content in the positive electrode active material increases, the initial capacity characteristics are improved, but during electrode rolling or charge/discharge, a large amount of highly reactive Ni +4 ions are generated, causing structural collapse of the positive electrode active material, which increases surface side reactions.
- the deterioration rate of the positive electrode active material increases, resulting in poor lifespan characteristics and reduced battery safety.
- the present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and seeks to provide a positive electrode active material with enhanced durability by optimizing the shape of the primary particles inside the secondary particles to suppress particle breakage and cracks during the electrode manufacturing and charging and discharging process. .
- the present invention seeks to provide a positive electrode and a lithium secondary battery with improved high-temperature lifespan characteristics and high-temperature output characteristics by including the positive electrode active material.
- the number ratio of primary particles with an aspect ratio of 1.6 or more in the cross section is 0.81 or more
- Equation 1 The K value calculated by Equation 1 below is 12 to 40.
- R AP is the average aspect ratio of the primary particles
- N P is the number of primary particles
- a S is the cross-sectional area of the secondary particles.
- the positive electrode active material for lithium secondary batteries according to the present invention contains a lithium nickel-based transition metal oxide in which the shape of the primary particles within the secondary particles is optimized, so there is less particle breakage due to rolling during electrode manufacturing and the rate of cracking in the active material particles during the charging and discharging process is reduced. It is low and the amount of fine dust generated is small, so durability can be excellent.
- the cathode active material for lithium secondary batteries according to the present invention can have excellent high-temperature lifespan characteristics and high-temperature output characteristics by minimizing particle breakage and crack generation, reducing electrode surface side reactions and suppressing deterioration.
- the positive electrode active material according to the present invention includes a lithium nickel-based transition metal oxide in the form of secondary particles that are aggregates of primary particles, and with respect to the cross section at 40% to 60% of the secondary particle diameter, a) 1.6 or more in the cross section. It is characterized in that the number ratio of primary particles having an aspect ratio is 0.81 or more, and b) the K value calculated by the following equation 1 satisfies 12 to 40.
- the average aspect ratio of the primary particles in the secondary particles may be 2.0 to 3.5.
- the average aspect ratio may be 2.1 or more, 2.2 or more, 2.3 or more, or 2.4 or more, and may be 3.3 or less, 3.2 or less, or 3.0 or less.
- M 1 includes one or more selected from Mn and Al
- M 2 includes one or more selected from the group consisting of W, Zr, Y, Ba, Ca, Ti, V, Mg, Ta and Nb, and , P, S, F and Cl, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5, 0.6 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.0, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.4, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.4, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.05 and 0 ⁇ e ⁇ 0.05.
- the 1+x represents the molar ratio of lithium in the lithium nickel-based transition metal oxide, and may be 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.50, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.20, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.15, or 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.10.
- the e represents the molar ratio of element
- the manufactured positive electrode active material contains lithium nickel-based transition metal oxide, which is in the form of secondary particles in which tens to hundreds of primary particles are gathered together to form an aggregate.
- Manganese-containing raw materials may be, for example, manganese-containing acetate, nitrate, sulfate, halide, sulfide, hydroxide, oxide, oxyhydroxide, or a combination thereof, specifically Mn 2 O 3 , MnO 2 , Mn 3 O manganese oxides such as 4 ; Manganese salts such as MnCO 3 , Mn(NO 3 ) 2 , MnSO 4 , manganese acetate, dicarboxylic acid manganese salt, manganese citrate, fatty acid manganese salt; It may be manganese oxyhydroxide, manganese chloride, or a combination thereof, but is not limited thereto.
- the basic compound may be a hydroxide of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, such as NaOH, KOH, or Ca(OH) 2 , a hydrate thereof, or a combination thereof.
- Basic compounds may also be used in the form of an aqueous solution, and in this case, the solvent may be water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent (specifically, alcohol, etc.) that is uniformly miscible with water.
- the basic compound is added to adjust the pH of the reaction solution, and may be added in an amount such that the pH of the metal solution is 8 to 12.
- the coprecipitation reaction may be performed in an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon at a temperature ranging from 35°C to 80°C.
- a positive electrode active material precursor containing cations of nickel, cobalt, and M 1 can be manufactured.
- positive electrode active material precursor particles of nickel-cobalt-M 1 hydroxide are produced and precipitated in the reaction solution.
- the nickel (Ni) content of the total metal content is 60 mol% or more, 65 mol% or more, 70 mol% or more, and 75 mol%.
- the positive electrode active material precursor containing the above, preferably 80 mol% or more, more preferably 82 mol% or more can be manufactured.
- the precipitated positive electrode active material precursor particles can be separated and dried according to a conventional method to produce a positive electrode active material precursor.
- the positive electrode active material precursor and lithium raw material are mixed and heat treated.
- Lithium raw materials include lithium-containing sulfate, nitrate, acetate, carbonate, oxalate, citrate, halide, hydroxide, or oxyhydroxide, and are not particularly limited as long as they are soluble in water.
- the lithium raw materials include Li 2 CO 3 , LiNO 3 , LiNO 2 , LiOH, LiOH ⁇ H2O, LiH, LiF, LiCl, LiBr, LiI, CH 3 COOLi, Li 2 O, Li 2 SO4, CH 3 COOLi, Or it may be Li 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 , and any one or a mixture of two or more of these may be used.
- the positive electrode active material precursor and the lithium raw material may be mixed at a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:1.1.
- the positive electrode active material precursor and the lithium raw material may be mixed at a molar ratio of, for example, about 1:1, about 1:1.02, about 1:1.05, about 1:1.07, or about 1:1.10, but are not limited thereto. .
- Heat treatment may be performed in a temperature range of 750°C to 1000°C in the case of a high-Ni NCM-based lithium composite transition metal oxide with a nickel (Ni) content of 60 mol% or more.
- Heat treatment may be, for example, preferably performed in a temperature range of 800°C to 925°C, and more preferably in a temperature range of 850°C to 910°C.
- the manufactured cathode active material can have reduced particle breakage and strain within the crystal structure during the rolling process or charging and discharging of a lithium secondary battery containing the same, and the initial resistance characteristics can be improved.
- Heat treatment may be performed under an air or oxygen atmosphere, for example, for 4 to 12 hours. Specifically, heat treatment may be performed for, for example, 4 hours or more, 6 hours or more, 8 hours or more, 10 hours or more, and may be performed for 12 hours or less, 10 hours or less, 8 hours or less, and 6 hours or less.
- the firing process may be divided into primary firing and secondary firing, and can be appropriately controlled depending on the nickel content at a temperature within the above-mentioned range.
- the firing time may also vary depending on the shape or structure of the positive electrode active material to be manufactured. It can be adjusted appropriately. It may be possible to manufacture a positive electrode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention through control of these firing process conditions.
- M 2 metal-containing raw materials may be additionally mixed during the coprecipitation reaction or during the sintering step.
- the M 2 metal-containing raw material may be an acetate, carbonate, nitrate, sulfate, halide, sulfide, or oxide of the M 2 metal.
- the step of mixing the lithium nickel-based transition metal oxide prepared through the heat treatment and the coating raw material, and then heat treating can be further performed.
- the mixing may be accomplished by solid-phase mixing or liquid-phase mixing, and the heat treatment may be performed at an appropriate temperature depending on the coating raw material.
- the heat treatment of the coating process may be performed at a temperature ranging from 200°C to 700°C or 300°C to 600°C, but is not limited thereto.
- the positive electrode according to the present invention includes the positive electrode active material powder of the present invention described above.
- the positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer formed on the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode active material layer includes the positive electrode active material powder according to the present invention. Since the positive electrode active material powder has been described above, detailed description will be omitted, and only the remaining components will be described in detail below.
- the positive electrode current collector may contain a highly conductive metal, and the positive active material layer is easily adhered, but is not particularly limited as long as it is non-reactive within the voltage range of the battery.
- the positive electrode current collector may be, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, heat-treated carbon, or aluminum or stainless steel surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc.
- the positive electrode current collector may typically have a thickness of 3 to 500 ⁇ m, and fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the current collector to increase the adhesion of the positive electrode active material.
- it can be used in various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous materials, foams, and non-woven materials.
- the positive electrode active material layer may optionally include a conductive material and a binder, along with the positive electrode active material powder, if necessary.
- the positive electrode active material powder may be included in an amount of 80 to 99% by weight, more specifically 85 to 98.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer, and can exhibit excellent capacity characteristics when included in the above content range.
- the conductive material is used to provide conductivity to the electrode, and can be used without particular limitation as long as it does not cause chemical change and has electronic conductivity in the battery being constructed.
- Specific examples include graphite such as natural graphite and artificial graphite; Carbon-based materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, thermal black, and carbon fiber; Metal powders or metal fibers such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver; Conductive tubes such as carbon nanotubes; Conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; Conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Or conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives, etc., of which one type alone or a mixture of two or more types may be used.
- the conductive material may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the binder serves to improve adhesion between positive electrode active material particles and adhesion between the positive active material and the current collector.
- Specific examples include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinylalcohol, polyacrylonitrile, and polymethylmethane.
- Crylate polymethymethaxrylate
- carboxymethylcellulose CMC
- starch hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene- Diene polymer (EPDM), sulfonated-EPDM, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), fluororubber, polyacrylic acid, and polymers in which hydrogen thereof is substituted with Li, Na, or Ca, or various copolymers thereof Combinations, etc. may be mentioned, and one type of these may be used alone or a mixture of two or more types may be used.
- the binder may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the positive electrode can be manufactured according to a conventional positive electrode manufacturing method except for using the positive electrode active material powder described above.
- the positive electrode slurry composition prepared by dissolving or dispersing the above-described positive electrode active material powder and optionally a binder, a conductive material, and a dispersant in a solvent can be prepared by applying the positive electrode current collector, followed by drying and rolling. there is.
- the solvent may be a solvent commonly used in the art, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), isopropyl alcohol, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), and dimethylformamide (dimethyl formamide, DMF), acetone, or water, among which one type alone or a mixture of two or more types may be used.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- DMF dimethylformamide
- acetone acetone
- the amount of the solvent used is to dissolve or disperse the positive electrode active material, conductive material, binder, and dispersant in consideration of the application thickness and manufacturing yield of the slurry, and to have a viscosity capable of exhibiting excellent thickness uniformity when applied for subsequent positive electrode production. That's enough.
- the positive electrode may be manufactured by casting the positive electrode slurry composition on a separate support and then laminating the film obtained by peeling from this support onto the positive electrode current collector.
- Electrochemical device lithium secondary battery
- the electrochemical device according to the present invention includes the positive electrode of the present invention described above.
- the electrochemical device may specifically be a battery, a capacitor, etc., and more specifically, may be a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium secondary battery specifically includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode positioned opposite the positive electrode, and a separator and electrolyte interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Since the positive electrode is the same as described above, detailed description is omitted, Hereinafter, only the remaining components will be described in detail.
- the lithium secondary battery may optionally further include a battery container that accommodates the electrode assembly of the positive electrode, negative electrode, and separator, and a sealing member that seals the battery container.
- the negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer located on the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has high conductivity without causing chemical changes in the battery.
- it can be used on the surface of copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, heat-treated carbon, copper or stainless steel. Surface treatment with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc., aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. can be used.
- the negative electrode current collector may typically have a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and like the positive electrode current collector, fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the current collector to strengthen the bonding force of the negative electrode active material.
- it can be used in various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous materials, foams, and non-woven materials.
- the negative electrode active material layer optionally includes a binder and a conductive material along with the negative electrode active material.
- a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium may be used.
- Specific examples include carbonaceous materials such as artificial graphite, natural graphite, graphitized carbon fiber, and amorphous carbon;
- Metallic compounds that can be alloyed with lithium such as Si, Al, Sn, Pb, Zn, Bi, In, Mg, Ga, Cd, Si alloy, Sn alloy, or Al alloy;
- a composite containing the above-described metallic compound and a carbonaceous material such as a Si-C composite or Sn-C composite, may be used, and any one or a mixture of two or more of these may be used.
- a metallic lithium thin film may be used as the negative electrode active material.
- both low-crystalline carbon and high-crystalline carbon can be used.
- low-crystalline carbon include soft carbon and hard carbon
- high-crystalline carbon includes amorphous, plate-shaped, flaky, spherical, or fibrous natural graphite, artificial graphite, and Kish graphite.
- Representative examples include high-temperature heat-treated carbon such as derived cokes.
- the negative electrode active material may be included in an amount of 80% to 99% by weight based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the binder is a component that assists in bonding between the conductive material, the active material, and the current collector, and is usually added in an amount of 0.1% to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material layer.
- binders include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polytetra.
- Examples include fluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene polymer (EPDM), sulfonated-EPDM, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile-butadiene rubber, fluorine rubber, and various copolymers thereof.
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene polymer
- sulfonated-EPDM styrene-butadiene rubber
- nitrile-butadiene rubber fluorine rubber
- the conductive material is a component to further improve the conductivity of the negative electrode active material, and may be added in an amount of 10% by weight or less, preferably 5% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material layer.
- These conductive materials are not particularly limited as long as they have conductivity without causing chemical changes in the battery, and examples include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; Carbon black such as acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and thermal black; Conductive fibers such as carbon fiber and metal fiber; fluorinated carbon; Metal powders such as aluminum and nickel powder; Conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; Conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- the negative electrode active material layer is prepared by applying and drying a negative electrode slurry composition prepared by dissolving or dispersing the negative electrode active material and optionally a binder and a conductive material in a solvent on a negative electrode current collector and drying it, or the negative electrode slurry composition is applied on a separate support. It can be manufactured by casting on and then peeling from this support and laminating the obtained film onto the negative electrode current collector.
- the separator separates the negative electrode and the positive electrode and provides a passage for lithium ions to move. It can be used without particular restrictions as long as it is normally used as a separator in a lithium secondary battery, especially for ion movement in the electrolyte. It is desirable to have low resistance and excellent electrolyte moisturizing ability.
- porous polymer films for example, porous polymer films made of polyolefin polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or these. A laminated structure of two or more layers may be used.
- porous non-woven fabrics for example, non-woven fabrics made of high melting point glass fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, etc.
- a coated separator containing ceramic components or polymer materials may be used to ensure heat resistance or mechanical strength, and may optionally be used in a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
- electrolytes used in the present invention include organic liquid electrolytes, inorganic liquid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes, gel-type polymer electrolytes, solid inorganic electrolytes, and molten inorganic electrolytes that can be used in the production of lithium secondary batteries, and are limited to these. It doesn't work.
- the electrolyte may include an organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the organic solvent may be used without particular limitation as long as it can serve as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move.
- the organic solvent includes ester solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, and ⁇ -caprolactone; Ether-based solvents such as dibutyl ether or tetrahydrofuran; Ketone-based solvents such as cyclohexanone; Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene and fluorobenzene; Dimethylcarbonate (DMC), diethylcarbonate (DEC), methylethylcarbonate (MEC), ethylmethylcarbonate (EMC), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (propylene carbonate) Carbonate-based solvents such as PC); Alcohol-based solvents such as ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol; nitriles such as R-CN (R is a straight-chain, branched
- carbonate-based solvents are preferable, and cyclic carbonates (e.g., ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, etc.) with high ionic conductivity and high dielectric constant that can improve the charge/discharge performance of the battery, and low-viscosity linear carbonate-based compounds ( For example, ethylmethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, etc.) are more preferable.
- cyclic carbonates e.g., ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, etc.
- low-viscosity linear carbonate-based compounds For example, ethylmethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, etc.
- the lithium salt can be used without particular limitations as long as it is a compound that can provide lithium ions used in lithium secondary batteries.
- the anions of the lithium salt include F - , Cl - , Br - , I - , NO 3 - , N(CN) 2 - , BF 4 - , CF 3 CF 2 SO 3 - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - , (FSO 2 ) 2 N - , CF 3 CF 2 (CF 3 ) 2 CO - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 CH - , (SF 5 ) 3 C - , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C - , CF 3 (CF 2 ) 7 SO 3 - , CF 3 CO 2 - , CH 3 CO 2 - , SCN - , and (CF 3 CF 2 SO 2 ) 2 N - It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of,
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiClO
- One or more additives such as zolidine, ethylene glycol dialkyl ether, ammonium salt, pyrrole, 2-methoxy ethanol, or aluminum trichloride may be further included. At this time, the additive may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte.
- R AR is the average aspect ratio of the primary particles
- N P is the number of primary particles
- a S is the cross-sectional area of the secondary particles.
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Abstract
Description
| D1 max/D2 50 | D1 min/D2 50 | RAR | NP/AS | K | 결정 변형도 (x10-6) |
AR 1.6 이상 1차입자 개수비 |
미분 발생율 (부피%) |
|
| 실시예 1 | 0.062 | 0.021 | 2.8 | 7.6 | 21.3 | 642.3 | 0.85 | 7.2 |
| 실시예 2 | 0.045 | 0.019 | 2.5 | 10.5 | 26.3 | 644.1 | 0.86 | 6.9 |
| 실시예 3 | 0.056 | 0.023 | 2.3 | 6.9 | 15.9 | 658.9 | 0.82 | 5.5 |
| 실시예 4 | 0.042 | 0.018 | 2.4 | 13.2 | 31.7 | 667.3 | 0.83 | 7.3 |
| 비교예 1 | 0.050 | 0.031 | 1.7 | 6.0 | 10.2 | 692.2 | 0.54 | 8.5 |
| 비교예 2 | 0.083 | 0.032 | 2.7 | 4.5 | 12.2 | 646.5 | 0.80 | 6.4 |
| 비교예 3 | 0.030 | 0.010 | 2.4 | 19.1 | 45.8 | 757.5 | - | 10.1 |
| 비교예 4 | 0.041 | 0.015 | 1.9 | 9.5 | 18.1 | 648.6 | 0.71 | 9.8 |
| 고온 성능 | 퇴화 전/후 Crack Area 차이(%) | ||
| 용량유지율(%) | 저항증가율(%) | ||
| 실시예 1 | 92.0 | 133 | 1.1 |
| 실시예 2 | 93.9 | 134 | 1.2 |
| 실시예 3 | 92.6 | 139 | 1.4 |
| 실시예 4 | 91.9 | 138 | 1.5 |
| 비교예 1 | 88.9 | 145 | 2.9 |
| 비교예 2 | 91.0 | 152 | 1.9 |
| 비교예 3 | 89.5 | 166 | 1.3 |
| 비교예 4 | 88.1 | 158 | 2.6 |
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23912835.8A EP4607618A4 (en) | 2022-12-26 | 2023-12-22 | ACTIVE POSITIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL, POSITIVE ELECTRODE INCLUDING IT, AND SECONDARY LITHIUM BATTERY |
| CN202380080828.XA CN120239907A (zh) | 2022-12-26 | 2023-12-22 | 正极活性材料以及包含其的正极和锂二次电池 |
| JP2025536096A JP2025541015A (ja) | 2022-12-26 | 2023-12-22 | 正極活物質、これを含む正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
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| KR20220184868 | 2022-12-26 | ||
| KR10-2022-0184868 | 2022-12-26 |
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| WO2024144160A1 true WO2024144160A1 (ko) | 2024-07-04 |
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| PCT/KR2023/021495 Ceased WO2024144160A1 (ko) | 2022-12-26 | 2023-12-22 | 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
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| EP (1) | EP4607618A4 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP2025541015A (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR20240102897A (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN120239907A (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2024144160A1 (ko) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2026011960A1 (zh) * | 2024-07-11 | 2026-01-15 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 二次电池、正极活性材料和用电装置 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019167291A (ja) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-10-03 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム複合金属酸化物、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
| KR102194504B1 (ko) * | 2017-07-14 | 2020-12-23 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 양극활물질, 그 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
| KR20210097059A (ko) * | 2020-01-29 | 2021-08-06 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체, 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| WO2021167409A1 (ko) * | 2020-02-21 | 2021-08-26 | 주식회사 배터리솔루션 | 극미세 결정립 및 고배향성의 일차입자를 갖는 양극활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
| KR20220116105A (ko) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-08-22 | 주식회사 에코프로비엠 | 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
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| KR101937896B1 (ko) * | 2016-03-04 | 2019-01-14 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차전지용 양극활물질의 전구체 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 양극활물질 |
-
2023
- 2023-12-22 JP JP2025536096A patent/JP2025541015A/ja active Pending
- 2023-12-22 CN CN202380080828.XA patent/CN120239907A/zh active Pending
- 2023-12-22 EP EP23912835.8A patent/EP4607618A4/en active Pending
- 2023-12-22 KR KR1020230190430A patent/KR20240102897A/ko active Pending
- 2023-12-22 WO PCT/KR2023/021495 patent/WO2024144160A1/ko not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102194504B1 (ko) * | 2017-07-14 | 2020-12-23 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 양극활물질, 그 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
| JP2019167291A (ja) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-10-03 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム複合金属酸化物、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
| KR20220116105A (ko) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-08-22 | 주식회사 에코프로비엠 | 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| KR20210097059A (ko) * | 2020-01-29 | 2021-08-06 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체, 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| WO2021167409A1 (ko) * | 2020-02-21 | 2021-08-26 | 주식회사 배터리솔루션 | 극미세 결정립 및 고배향성의 일차입자를 갖는 양극활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2026011960A1 (zh) * | 2024-07-11 | 2026-01-15 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 二次电池、正极活性材料和用电装置 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2025541015A (ja) | 2025-12-17 |
| CN120239907A (zh) | 2025-07-01 |
| EP4607618A4 (en) | 2026-04-15 |
| EP4607618A1 (en) | 2025-08-27 |
| KR20240102897A (ko) | 2024-07-03 |
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