WO2024156532A2 - Verfahren zum herstellen von schnitttabak und einer tabakmischung zur verwendung in rauchartikeln und rauchartikel - Google Patents
Verfahren zum herstellen von schnitttabak und einer tabakmischung zur verwendung in rauchartikeln und rauchartikel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024156532A2 WO2024156532A2 PCT/EP2024/050770 EP2024050770W WO2024156532A2 WO 2024156532 A2 WO2024156532 A2 WO 2024156532A2 EP 2024050770 W EP2024050770 W EP 2024050770W WO 2024156532 A2 WO2024156532 A2 WO 2024156532A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- leaf material
- tobacco leaf
- cut
- green
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B13/00—Tobacco for pipes, for cigars, e.g. cigar inserts, or for cigarettes; Chewing tobacco; Snuff
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing cut tobacco from tobacco leaf material for use in combustible tobacco articles in the tobacco processing industry.
- the invention further relates to a rod-shaped smoking article and a tobacco mixture.
- the expansion process makes the tobacco fibres unstable, so that these fibres easily disintegrate during processing and dust is formed.
- the expansion process reduces the nicotine content in the tobacco leaf material, so that high-quality tobacco leaf material must be used as the starting product in order to achieve a desired nicotine content in the final product.
- the object is achieved by a method for producing cut tobacco for use in smoking articles of the tobacco processing industry, comprising the following steps: a) providing green tobacco leaf material, b) in particular threshing the green tobacco leaf material to form threshed green tobacco leaf material, b*) in particular no or little application of a humectant to the green, preferably threshed, tobacco leaf material, wherein the humectant comprises glycerine and/or propylene glycol as a vapor-forming substance, wherein the ratio between green tobacco leaf material and humectant is preferably between 80:0 and 80:3, preferably between 80:0 and 80:1, c) cutting the green tobacco leaf material to form a cut green tobacco leaf material, preferably in strip form, d) expanding the cut green tobacco leaf material by heating the green tobacco leaf material to a temperature between 85°C and 95°C, preferably between 88°C and 92°C, in particular the heating is carried out by steam, and e) drying the cut green tobacco leaf material to
- tobacco leaf material is defined as tobacco material consisting of components of the tobacco plant, in particular leaves of the tobacco plant, which are divided into pieces, which are in particular threshed, wherein the pieces have an area greater than 1 mm 2 and/or a volume greater than 0.1 mm 3.
- tobacco leaf material is not reconstituted tobacco in which the components of the tobacco plant are ground into particles or fibers and processed into a film using binding agents.
- Green tobacco leaf material is tobacco leaf material which has not been dried to a moisture content of less than 14%, particularly not less than 13%, preferably after harvesting. This drying process to a moisture content of less than 14%, particularly 13%, causes damage to the cell structure of the tobacco leaves.
- the internal cell structure of the green tobacco leaf material remains intact.
- the areas of the tobacco leaf that enable gas exchange and/or photosynthesis are not closed or destroyed.
- certain areas of the tobacco leaf material are already destroyed or closed, so that the expansion process cannot be advantageously implemented without additional gases, such as nitrogen or CO2.
- the expansion process, in particular step d) leads in particular to an increase in volume. of at least 10%, preferably at least 20% or 30%, particularly preferably at least 40%, and/or preferably to an increase in volume of a maximum of 40% or 50%.
- the expansion process or expanding is understood to mean merely an increase in the filling power, which results from changed properties of the expanded tobacco leaf material. Despite the high filling power, the tobacco leaf material remains robust and resistant to mechanical stress in the processing and manufacturing machines.
- a preferred development of the method is characterized in that the green tobacco leaf material, before it is threshed in particular in step b) or before it is cut in step c), is brought in an additional step b1) and/or c1) to a moisture content between 22% and 26%, preferably 24%, and/or a temperature between 40°C and 48°C, preferably between 42°C and 47°C, preferably 45°C.
- the thermal treatment and/or moistening before mechanical stress on the tobacco leaf material facilitates processing, reduces dust formation and processes the tobacco leaf material more gently.
- the combination of moistening to a moisture content of between 22% and 26% and/or heating to a temperature of between 42°C and 47°C in combination with the expansion in step d) leads to an advantageous result, in particular an increased filling power of the cut tobacco.
- a preferred development of the method is characterized in that the nicotine content of the green tobacco leaf material in step a) corresponds to the nicotine content of the dried tobacco leaf material in step e), and/or the ratio of the nicotine contents N_(tobacco leaf material) / N_(green tobacco leaf material) is between 0.9 and 1, preferably between 0.95 and 1. Due to the gentle treatment of the tobacco leaf material, in particular the one-time final drying in step e), very little nicotine is washed out of the tobacco leaf material. This leads to enormous cost savings when purchasing the raw material.
- a preferred development of the method is characterized in that the drying of the cut tobacco leaf material in step e) takes place in at least two stages, wherein in sub-step e1) a pre-drying to a moisture content of less than 13% takes place, preferably with a drying temperature T1 between 100°C and 120°C, and wherein in sub-step e2) a subsequent drying to a moisture content of less than 12% takes place, preferably with a drying temperature T2 between 45°C and 55°C, wherein in particular T1>T2, preferably T1>T2+40°C.
- Two-stage drying results in extremely gentle treatment of the tobacco leaf material and minimal leaching of the nicotine. This type of drying also saves energy.
- step e) the cut tobacco leaf material is dried with warm air, wherein in particular the warm air has a temperature between 40°C and 60°C or of at least approximately 45°C, and/or preferably has a moisture content of less than 17%.
- a preferred development of the method is characterized in that the green tobacco leaf material has ribs and, before it is cut in step c), is aligned in a further step c1*) such that the ribs of the tobacco leaf material are arranged substantially orthogonally to cutting blades in order to carry out a straight layer cut.
- the straight layer cut cuts the firmer components of the tobacco leaf material at right angles to their longitudinal axial extension. This results in small components of the ribs or veins of the tobacco leaf material, so that these components can be processed advantageously and do not necessarily have to be separated and discharged.
- a preferred development of the method is characterized in that the cut tobacco leaf material is dried in step e) to a moisture content of between 6% and 10% or between 9% and 12% and/or that the green tobacco leaf material is not dried to a moisture content of less than 17%, preferably less than 16% or 15%, particularly preferably less than 14% or 13%, before cutting in step c). This results in advantageous further processing and desired properties for the smoking product to be produced.
- step c) the green tobacco leaf material is cut into cut green tobacco leaf material with a width between 0.6 mm and 1.7 mm, in particular to a width greater than 1.5 mm, or to a width between 0.1 to 0.4 mm.
- a smoking article in particular a rod-shaped combustible smoking article, comprising tobacco leaf material which is produced according to the aforementioned method, a further development of the method or combinations of the further developments and/or comprising a tobacco mixture described below.
- the tobacco mixture contains more than 60%, 70%, 80% or 90% tobacco leaf material, - in particular one or no humectant, preferably propylene glycol and/or glycerine, wherein the ratio between tobacco mixture (dry mass without water) and humectant is between 80:0 and 80:3, preferably between 80:1 and 80:2, in particular the tobacco mixture contains no humectant, and wherein the filling power of the tobacco mixture is between 7.0 cm 3 /g and 11.0 cm 3 /g, preferably between 8.0 cm 3 /g and 9.5 cm 3 /g or the filling power is greater than 8.5 cm 3 /g or greater than 9.0 cm 3 /g, wherein the tobacco mixture has a reflex value greater than 1.2, in particular greater than 1.3 or 1.5, or a Reflex value between 1.25 and 1.80, and/or wherein the tobacco mixture has a sieve resilience of greater than
- the tobacco mixture according to the invention comprises cut tobacco leaf material, the tobacco mixture having a high filling power and being extremely resistant to mechanical stress.
- the measurability of the mechanical stress is specified by the reflex value, the sieve resilience, the Reemtsma residue and/or the filling power-moisture change ratio.
- a preferred embodiment of the tobacco mixture is characterized in that the tobacco mixture does not contain any humectant.
- a preferred embodiment of the tobacco mixture is characterized in that the cut tobacco leaf material has a strip shape, with at least 90% by mass of the cut tobacco leaf material having a length between 20 mm and 24 mm, preferably between 21.5 mm and 23 mm.
- Such a fiber distribution can be carried out by optical analysis, for example by a camera recording with subsequent image evaluation.
- the tobacco mixture can preferably be a mixture of cut tobacco or tobacco leaf material produced according to the method according to the invention and conventional tobacco material or conventional tobacco leaf material.
- the proportion of cut tobacco or tobacco leaf material produced according to the method according to the invention in the tobacco mixture can preferably be at least 10%, 20% or 30% and/or a maximum of 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90%.
- the mixing ratio of cut tobacco according to the invention and conventional tobacco material or conventional tobacco leaf material has a direct influence on the quality parameters, for example on the sieve resilience.
- a rod-shaped smoking article in particular a combustible smoking article, with a mouth-side end, a distal end and a tobacco-containing segment, wherein the tobacco-containing segment has a previously described tobacco mixture and/or a material mixture described below.
- a preferred embodiment of the rod-shaped smoking article is characterized in that the rod-shaped smoking article has no cellulose acetate, in particular no filter segment with cellulose acetate. Due to the absence of cellulose acetate, for example through the use of paper filter segments, the smoking article is environmentally friendly.
- the object is also achieved by a material mixture for use in combustible and/or non-combustible smoking products, characterized in that the material mixture comprises another material, in particular a cellulose-containing material, instead of the tobacco leaf material, for example a paper material or a vegetable material, preferably a web material made of corn starch.
- the tobacco leaf material can be replaced by another material, for example another natural material.
- this other material has the corresponding inventive properties of the cut tobacco or the tobacco blend, namely the filling power and the sieve resilience and/or the reflex value and/or the filling power-moisture change ratio. Starting from any material, in particular natural material, this is significantly easier to produce than the cut tobacco or the tobacco blend.
- a paper material with an advantageous stiffness can be cut and embossed or deformed to produce a cut material with the corresponding properties.
- This material can be provided with nicotine or other active and/or flavoring liquids in order to achieve corresponding smoking properties for a combustible or non-combustible smoking product.
- the cut tobacco leaf material or the other material In order to be able to process the tobacco leaf material or the other material into rod-shaped smoking articles, it is preferably processed using established manufacturing processes.
- a preferred manufacturing process is to spread loose tobacco leaf material or other material on a suction rod.
- the cut tobacco leaf material or other material has a preferred width of between 0.6 mm and 1.7 mm.
- the cut tobacco leaf material preferably has a length of between 3 mm and 30 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 12 mm.
- the cut tobacco leaf material particularly preferably has leaf material and/or the tobacco blend or the cut tobacco and/or the other material has a fibre length between 20 mmRe and 25 mmRe, preferably between 21 mmRe and 24 mmRe.
- the fiber length is an important quality parameter for cut tobacco and the tobacco blend and influences the quality properties of the smoking product, in particular the standard deviation of weight, hardness, head drop, draw resistance and filling power.
- a sieve tower with different sieve inserts is used and the fiber length is determined using the Reemtsma method (unit mmRe).
- the Reemtsma method is based on the basic idea of breaking down a sample in a sieve tower into percentage weight parts and assigning a fiber length to each weight part according to the mesh size or opening size of the sieve inserts. Four different sieve inserts are to be used and arranged one below the other from coarse to fine.
- the sieve inserts have a mesh size or opening size of 4 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm and 0.5 mm.
- the JEL 200/80 test sieving machine from Borgwaldttechnik GmbH can be used to determine the fiber length.
- the fibre length FL in mm is calculated from the weight proportions GA nn (GA40, GA20 GA10 and GA05) and an allocation factor:
- the measuring procedure is to be carried out under standard laboratory conditions, namely 22°C (+/-2°C) and a relative humidity of 60% (+/- 5%).
- the required amount of cut tobacco or tobacco blend is 50g.
- 10 sievings are carried out using the sieve inserts listed and a bowl arranged underneath.
- the sieve tower is set in horizontal vibration for 8 minutes.
- the sieve inserts with a mesh size of 4mm and 2mm are given a fiber length of 35mm
- the sieve insert with a mesh size of 1mm is given a fiber length of 15mm
- the A sieve insert with a mesh size of 0.5 mm is assigned a fiber length of 4 mm.
- the fiber length of the cut tobacco or tobacco blend is determined from this weighted average.
- the principles and implementation of the sieve analysis correspond to DIN standard 66165 (1987) unless otherwise stated.
- the fiber length measurement procedure must be carried out twice in succession using the Reemtsma method.
- the quotient of the determined fiber lengths FL1 (first measurement) and FL2 (second measurement) gives the sieve resilience FL2/FL1.
- FL1 first measurement
- FL2 second measurement
- the fiber length according to the Reemtsma method there is a certain mass or a certain weight proportion GA nn in each sieve insert.
- the fiber length according to the Reemtsma method is derived from the weight proportions GA40, GA20, GA , GA05.
- the width and/or length of the fibers or strips is determined by an optical method in which an image is taken of individual fibers and the maximum fiber width or strip width, which in this application is also referred to simply as width, is determined by means of image processing algorithms.
- a densimeter DD 60 A is used to determine the filling power. from Bordwaldt GmbH. The determination or measurement must be carried out under standard laboratory conditions.
- Six samples of 20 g (+/- 1 g) each must be used.
- Two samples P1, P2 are conditioned at a relative humidity of 58 % (+/-3 %) and the other two samples P3, P4 at a relative humidity of 68 % (+/-3 %).
- the last two samples P5, P6 are not conditioned.
- the density of the tobacco blend c of the cut tobacco is determined by determining the volume of the compressed tobacco blend or the compressed cut tobacco.
- the volume and mass of the sample directly determine the density under load, namely the filling force FK Pn of samples P1 to P6.
- the filling force must be specified at a moisture content of 12%. Therefore, a moisture correction term must be determined from the four samples P1 to P4 (58%, 68%) in order to convert the filling force of samples P5 and P6 to the moisture content of 12%, assuming a linear relationship.
- the moisture correction term for samples P5 and P6 is therefore the factor (FK Pi + FK P2 )/20-(FK P3 + FK P4 )/20.
- the filling power-moisture change ratio is defined as the amount of
- a filling power-moisture change ratio of approx. 1 means that the filling power does not change significantly depending on the moisture for the values 58% and 68%. If the tobacco fiber or the cut tobacco leaf material is unstable, increased moisture leads to a reduction in the filling power. If the tobacco fiber or the cut tobacco leaf material is resistant, increased moisture results in a small change in the filling power.
- the filling power-moisture change ratio is between 15 and 1/15 or particularly preferably between 20 and 1/20 or preferably the filling power-moisture change ratio is within one of the following intervals: [1, 1/15], [1,1/20], [1,15] and/or [1,20].
- a low filling power-moisture change ratio reflects a small change in the filling power depending on the moisture.
- the moisture content of cut tobacco or the tobacco blend is determined by an oven method in which a 10g sample is heated for 30 minutes in an oven with an internal air temperature of 128°C.
- the moisture content is defined by the mass ratio of the water removed by the oven to the total mass of the sample. A moisture content of 20% therefore results in a dried mass of 8g for a 10g sample.
- the tobacco leaf material, cut tobacco or tobacco blend is stored for at least 24 hours at the specified relative humidity so that the tobacco leaf material, cut tobacco or tobacco blend can absorb the appropriate moisture from the air.
- a densimeter DD 60 A from Bordwaldt GmbH can be used. The determination or measurement must be carried out under standard laboratory conditions.
- the samples After 60 seconds, the samples are to be loaded with a weight of 0.5 kg. After 30 seconds, the density of the tobacco mixture or cut tobacco is determined by determining the volume of the compressed tobacco mixture or compressed cut tobacco. The reflex value is obtained from the volume ratio as Vo,5kg/V2kg. The numerator and denominator of the fraction are the arithmetic mean of the two volume values of the two samples. Analogous to the filling power determination, the measured sample is to be converted to a moisture content of 12% using the moisture correction term.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for treating tobacco according to the invention
- Fig. 2a, b shows a representation of a first and a second embodiment of a tobacco mixture according to the invention
- Fig. 3a, b a detailed view of the first and second embodiment of the tobacco mixture according to the invention from Fig. 2 a and b respectively;
- Fig. 4 a measuring method for determining the reflex value.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method according to the invention for producing cut tobacco with the method steps from a) to e2).
- the provision of green tobacco leaf material takes place in step a).
- the green tobacco leaf material provided is optionally dried to a moisture content in step b1). between 20% and 30%, preferably 22% or 24% or 26%, moistened and heated to a temperature between 30°C and 50°C, preferably to 35°C, 40°C, 45°C or 50°C. This is done to ensure fair processing and to keep damage to the structure of the tobacco leaf material as low as possible, which occurs in particular through the subsequent process step b), threshing the green tobacco leaf material.
- a humectant is optionally applied to the threshed green tobacco leaf material. This humectant can penetrate the tobacco leaf material and the tobacco leaf material absorbs and/or soaks up the humectant.
- the ratio of the dry mass of the green tobacco leaf material and the humectant is 80:1 or 80:2 in the example given. Step b*) is preferably not carried out and the ratio is therefore 80:0.
- step c1) the green tobacco leaf material is moistened and heated in a similar way to step b1) in order to prepare the tobacco leaf material for the mechanical stress in the subsequent step c), cutting.
- step c1) or in a further step c1* preparation for the straight layer cut takes place.
- This cutting process is to be used on unthreshed tobacco leaf material, for example whole tobacco leaves, or pre-cut or threshed tobacco leaf material.
- step c1* the tobacco leaves are to be aligned in such a way that the strong stiffeners of the tobacco leaf, for example the ribs or veins, are cut orthogonally by the cutting blades. This creates so-called “bird eyes”, which have an advantageous structure and can be easily processed in conventional production machines.
- the number of larger pieces of ribs or veins in the cut tobacco leaf material is reduced by this cutting process.
- the tobacco leaf material is preferably cut into strips with a width between 0.6 mm and 1.7 mm, for example 1.49 mm or 0.71 mm.
- the cutting width of the strips can also be specified in CPI (cuts per inch), with preferred strip widths being, for example, 15 CPI or 17 CPI, namely 1.49 mm, or 34 CPI or 40 CPI or 54 CPI or 51 CPI.
- step d) is carried out, which involves expanding, which is carried out by heating the green tobacco leaf material to a temperature between 85°C and 95°C, preferably between 88°C and 92°C, in particular using steam.
- Example temperatures are 91°C, 90°C or 94°C.
- drying takes place in step e).
- the drying process can be designed as a single-stage, two-stage or multi-stage drying process.
- a two-stage drying process is preferably shown in Fig. 1 by the process steps e1) and e2).
- pre-drying takes place to a moisture content of 16% at a drying temperature T1 between 100°C and 120°C, for example 108°C.
- post-drying takes place to a moisture content of approx. 12% with a drying temperature T2 between 45°C and 55°C, for example 46°C or 48°C.
- Figure 2 shows two embodiments of the cut tobacco according to the invention, which has a step width of 19 CPI in Figure 2a and a cut width of 51 CPI in Figure 2b.
- Figure 3 shows a detailed view of the two tobacco blends or cut tobaccos in Figure 2.
- Figures 3a and 3b refer to the tobacco blend of Figures 2a and 2b, respectively.
- the cutting widths are accordingly 19 CPI and 51 CPI.
- the fiber lengths are 22 mmRee and 15 mmRee.
- the filling powers are 8.3 cm 3 /g and 9.7 cm 3 /g.
- Fig. 4 a to d shows the four measuring stages of the tobacco mixture or cut tobacco when determining the reflex value.
- the measuring container has a diameter of 60 mm and a height of 104 mm.
- the 20g sample is in the measuring container (Fig. 4a).
- the sample is loaded with 2 kg for 30 seconds (Fig. 4b).
- the load is The sample is removed after 30 seconds and the sample is allowed to expand for 60 seconds (Fig. 4c).
- the sample is then loaded with 0.5 kg for a further 30 seconds (Fig. 4d).
- the volumes V1 and V2 are derived from the heights H1 and H2.
- the ratio of V2/V1 is the reflex value.
- the reflex value is converted to a relative humidity of 12% using the humidity correction term for the reflex value, analogous to the filling force measurement.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24700620.8A EP4629848A2 (de) | 2023-01-24 | 2024-01-24 | Verfahren zum herstellen von schnitttabak und einer tabakmischung zur verwendung in rauchartikeln und rauchartikel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023101625.3 | 2023-01-24 | ||
| DE102023101625.3A DE102023101625A1 (de) | 2023-01-24 | 2023-01-24 | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Schnitttabak und einer Tabakmischung zur Verwendung in Rauchartikeln und Rauchartikel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024156532A2 true WO2024156532A2 (de) | 2024-08-02 |
| WO2024156532A3 WO2024156532A3 (de) | 2024-10-03 |
Family
ID=85383634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/050770 Ceased WO2024156532A2 (de) | 2023-01-24 | 2024-01-24 | Verfahren zum herstellen von schnitttabak und einer tabakmischung zur verwendung in rauchartikeln und rauchartikel |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4629848A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102023101625A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024156532A2 (de) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4218666C1 (de) * | 1992-06-05 | 1993-12-16 | Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Strukturierung von Tabakmaterialien |
| WO2016193147A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-08 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Method of making tobacco cut filler |
| DE102017116778A1 (de) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-01-31 | Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Schnitttabak |
-
2023
- 2023-01-24 DE DE102023101625.3A patent/DE102023101625A1/de active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-01-24 EP EP24700620.8A patent/EP4629848A2/de active Pending
- 2024-01-24 WO PCT/EP2024/050770 patent/WO2024156532A2/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102023101625A1 (de) | 2023-03-23 |
| WO2024156532A3 (de) | 2024-10-03 |
| EP4629848A2 (de) | 2025-10-15 |
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