WO2024184565A1 - PROTEÍNA DE FUSIÓN muNS CAPAZ DE FORMAR MICROESFERAS Y USOS DE LA MISMA - Google Patents
PROTEÍNA DE FUSIÓN muNS CAPAZ DE FORMAR MICROESFERAS Y USOS DE LA MISMA Download PDFInfo
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- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
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- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/555—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by a specific combination antigen/adjuvant
- A61K2039/55511—Organic adjuvants
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- C07K2319/70—Fusion polypeptide containing domain for protein-protein interaction
- C07K2319/735—Fusion polypeptide containing domain for protein-protein interaction containing a domain for self-assembly, e.g. a viral coat protein (includes phage display)
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- C12N2720/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA dsRNA viruses
- C12N2720/00011—Details
- C12N2720/12011—Reoviridae
- C12N2720/12211—Orthoreovirus, e.g. mammalian orthoreovirus
- C12N2720/12222—New viral proteins or individual genes, new structural or functional aspects of known viral proteins or genes
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- C12N2720/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA dsRNA viruses
- C12N2720/00011—Details
- C12N2720/12011—Reoviridae
- C12N2720/12211—Orthoreovirus, e.g. mammalian orthoreovirus
- C12N2720/12223—Virus like particles [VLP]
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- C12N2720/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA dsRNA viruses
- C12N2720/00011—Details
- C12N2720/12011—Reoviridae
- C12N2720/12211—Orthoreovirus, e.g. mammalian orthoreovirus
- C12N2720/12234—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fusion protein comprising a polypeptide based on the minimal region of the muNS protein of Orthoreovirus capable of forming microspheres and/or nanospheres modified to allow the addition of molecules at its C-terminal end.
- Avian reoviruses are members of the genus Orthoreovirus, one of 12 genera in the family Reoviridae. These viruses are important pathogens of birds and cause significant economic losses in the poultry industry. Avian reoviruses are non-enveloped viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of infected cells and have a genome of 10 double-stranded RNA segments surrounded by a concentric double protein coat of 85 nm in diameter. The genomic segments are divided into three classes based on their electrophoretic mobility: three of the L (large) class, three of the M (medium) class, and four of the S (small) class. With the exception of the S1 segment, which is tricistronic, all other genes are monocistronic.
- Genomic segments are transcribed by an RNA-dependent polymerase to produce messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with a nucleotide sequence identical to that of the positive strand of the double-stranded RNA segment.
- mRNAs messenger RNAs
- Viral mRNAs perform a dual function in infected cells: they program the synthesis of viral proteins in the ⁇ bosomes, and they serve as a template for the synthesis of the negative strands of the genomic segments.
- a new system has been described that uses the formation of inclusions by the muNS protein of mammalian reoviruses as a platform to detect protein-protein interactions in vivo in mammalian cells (Miller et al., Mol Cell Proteomics., 2007 6 1027-1038) and has also been adapted for use in yeast (Schmitz et ai, Nat Methods 2009; 6 500-2).
- the target protein is fused to the C-terminal region of muNS so that the fusion generates cytoplasmic inclusions and attracts the target protein ligand to them.
- WO 2011/098652 describes a system that employs inclusion formation by the muNS protein of Orthoreovirus as a platform for protein purification and for the detection of protein interactions both in vivo and in vitro.
- This platform is based on the minimal region of the muNS protein of avian Orthoreovirus capable of forming inclusions, which recruits a peptide tag to the inclusions and the bound proteins to said tag.
- the peptide tag comprises the minimal region of the muNS protein of an Orthoreovirus capable of being incorporated into inclusions formed by the muNS protein.
- the inventors have developed a system based on the minimal fragment capable of forming inclusions of the muNS protein (muNS-M ⁇ ) in which they have managed to overcome the impossibility until now of modifying the C-terminal end of muNS-M ⁇ , through the addition of a sortase recognition sequence that does not affect the ability of muNS-M ⁇ to form inclusions.
- muNS-M ⁇ minimal fragment capable of forming inclusions of the muNS protein
- the invention relates to a fusion protein comprising the following components:
- a polypeptide comprising a sequence selected from the group consisting of: the sequence 448-635 (SEQ ID NO: 1) of the muNS protein of avian Orthoreovirus, the sequence 518-721 (SEQ ID NO: 2) of the muNS protein of mammalian Orthoreovirus, and a functionally equivalent variant of any of the above with the ability to form nanospheres and/or microspheres and
- component (a) a polypeptide comprising the recognition motif of a sortase or the residual part of a recognition motif of a sortase generated after a sortase-mediated reaction, wherein component (i) is fused to the carboxyl terminus of component (i), or
- the invention relates to a nanosphere or a microsphere comprising a fusion protein according to the invention.
- the invention relates to a polynucleotide encoding a fusion protein according to the invention.
- the invention relates to an expression cassette comprising a polynucleotide according to the invention.
- the invention relates to a vector comprising a polynucleotide according to the invention or an expression cassette according to the invention.
- the invention in another aspect, relates to a vector composition
- a vector composition comprising the vector according to the invention and a second vector comprising a second polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of: a polypeptide comprising the sequence 477-542 (SEQ ID NO: 25) of the muNS protein of the avian Orthoreovirus, a polypeptide comprising the sequence 561-622 (SEQ ID NO: -26) of the muNS protein of the mammalian Orthoreovirus, a functionally equivalent variant of any of the above that maintains the ability to be incorporated into nanospheres and/or microspheres.
- the invention relates to a cell comprising a fusion protein according to the invention, a polynucleotide, an expression cassette, vector or a composition of vectors according to the invention.
- the invention relates to a method for producing a fusion protein according to the invention, hereinafter method I of the invention, comprising:
- the invention relates to a method for producing a protein, hereinafter method II of the invention, comprising:
- component (ii) is the protein produced
- the invention relates to a method for producing a first polypeptide of interest, hereinafter method III of the invention, wherein the method comprises:
- component (a) producing the fusion protein of the invention by method I of the invention wherein the fusion protein comprises: component (ii)(a) and a component (iii) fused to the amino terminus of component (i), wherein component (iii) is the polypeptide of interest and a recognition sequence by a protease between its components (i) and (ii), (b) subjecting the nanospheres and/or microspheres to conditions that lead to their disintegration, resulting in the separation of the fusion protein and the nanospheres and/or microspheres,
- step (c) contacting the product resulting from step (b) with a protease specific for the recognition sequence connecting components (i) and (iii) of the fusion protein under conditions suitable for the proteolysis of said fusion protein, with the consequent separation of components (i) and (iii) of the fusion protein,
- step (d) subjecting the product from step (c) to conditions suitable for the formation of nanospheres and/or microspheres and
- the invention relates to a protein obtainable according to method I, II or III according to the invention.
- the invention relates to a method for producing a nanosphere or microsphere according to the invention, hereinafter method IV of the invention, wherein said method comprises the steps of:
- the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition or immunogenic composition
- a pharmaceutical composition or immunogenic composition comprising the nanosphere and/or microsphere according to the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
- the invention relates to a nanosphere and/or microsphere according to the invention for use in medicine.
- the invention relates to a nanosphere or microsphere according to the invention or an immunogenic composition according to the invention for use in the treatment and/or prevention of bluetongue, wherein the fusion proteins comprising the nanosphere or microsphere are characterized by comprising at least one of: the outer capsid protein 2 (VP2) of bluetongue virus 4 (BTV); the core protein 7 (VP7) of bluetongue virus 4 (BTV); the nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of bluetongue virus 4 (BTV); a protein with a functionally equivalent sequence to any of the above.
- VP2 outer capsid protein 2
- BTV the core protein 7
- NS1 nonstructural protein 1
- the invention relates to a nanosphere or a microsphere according to the invention or an immunogenic composition according to the invention for use in the treatment and/or prevention of African horse sickness, wherein the fusion proteins comprising the nanosphere or the microsphere are characterized by comprising at least one of: the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of the African horse sickness virus (AHSV); a protein with a functionally equivalent sequence to any of the above.
- NS1 non-structural protein 1
- AHSV African horse sickness virus
- the invention relates to a nanosphere or a microsphere according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention for use in the treatment and/or prevention of type 1 diabetes, wherein the fusion protein comprising the nanosphere or the microsphere is characterized by comprising the glucose-6-phosphatase 2 protein (IGRP).
- IGRP glucose-6-phosphatase 2 protein
- the invention in another aspect, relates to a method for inducing type 1 diabetes in an animal model comprising administering to an animal an effective amount of the nanosphere or microsphere according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 Expression of MiST-IC.
- Figure 2 Labeling of MiST-IC with AZDye 488-Gly-Gly-Gly.
- A Purified NSs obtained after expression of the proteins indicated at the top of each image were incubated with the fluorescent compound AZDye 488-Gly-Gly-Gly (formula below the images) in the presence of sortase A. Excess dye was removed by dialysis and the NSs were observed under a fluorescence microscope.
- A Purified NSs obtained after expression of the proteins indicated at the top of each image were incubated with the fluorescent compound AZDye 488-Gly-Gly-Gly (formula below the images) in the presence of sortase A. Excess dye was removed by dialysis and the NSs were observed under a fluorescence microscope.
- B Purified NSs obtained after expression of the proteins indicated at the top of each image were incubated with the fluorescent compound AZDye 488-Gly-Gly-Gly (formula below the
- Figure 3 Labeling of MiST-IC with AZDye 488-Gly-Gly-Gly.
- A Extracts of uninduced bacteria (1) or induced with IPTG, previously transformed with the dual plasmid expressing AvPAL and either muNS-M ⁇ (2) or MiST (3). 4 and 5 correspond to purified NS from the extracts corresponding to 2 and 3.
- FIG. 4 HeLa cells were transfected with a plasmid directing the expression of the viral protein muNS (muNS), giving rise to a fusion protein formed by muNS fused at its C-terminal end with the hemagglutinin epitope (muNS-HA).
- the cells were fixed with paraformaldehyde and analyzed by immunofluorescence using anti-muNS antibodies. It is observed that the addition of HA at the C-terminal end causes the loss of the capacity of muNS to form cytoplasmic inclusions.
- FIG. 5 Expression and purification of MiST versions in bacteria.
- C and D Electrophoretic analysis of the purification. Final purification of MiST (C) and G4S-M ⁇ ST (D) NS is shown. Red and blue arrows show the positions of MiST and G4S-M ⁇ ST respectively.
- FIG. 6 Expression and purification of IC-tagged AvPAL-loaded versions of MiST in bacteria.
- Figure 7 SrtA-mediated derivatization of MiST-IC NS.
- A Fluorescence microscopy analysis. Purified NS obtained after expression of the proteins indicated at the top of each image were incubated with the substrate AZDye 488-Gly- Gly-Gly in the presence of SrtA. They were observed with the 100x objective.
- B SDS-PAGE analysis of fluorescent labeling.
- NS samples of muNS-M ⁇ (lanes 1 and 2), MiST (lanes 3 and 4) and G4S-M ⁇ ST (lanes 5 and 6), incubated (2, 4, 6) or not (1 , 3, 5) with the mentioned fluorescent substrate in the presence of SrtA, were resolved by SDS-PAGE and the unstained, unfixed gel was visualized under UV light.
- Bands corresponding to fluorescently labeled MiST and G4S-M ⁇ ST (lanes 4 and 6) are indicated by a violet arrow.
- Excess unbound fluorescent compound (lanes 2, 4 and 6) is indicated by a black triangle at the leading edge.
- C Coomassie staining of proteins separated by SDS-PAGE.
- Figure 8 SrtA-mediated derivatization of MiST-IC NS loaded with AvPAL. The same analysis of the previous figure was repeated with MiST or G4S-M ⁇ ST nanospheres loaded with AvPAL, obtaining the same results.
- Figure 9 Fluorescence microscopy analysis. Samples of the indicated versions of MiST, loaded or not with AvPAL as indicated, were incubated with polyglycine-containing eGFP and with ( Srt +) or without sortase A, as indicated at the top of each image.
- FIG 10 PAGE-UV analysis. Samples were mixed with Laemmli but not boiled to maintain the semi-denatured conformation (“fluorescent gel”) of eGFP. In this case the band corresponding to the size of eGFP is indicated in all lanes with the green arrow. Sample 1 is an unreacted eGFP control. And samples 2, 3, 4, 5 are NS of the different versions of MiST that reacted with eGFP in the presence of Sortase A (1:M ⁇ ST, 2: G4S-M ⁇ ST, 3: MiST/IC- AvPAL, 4: G4S- MiST/IC- AvPAL).
- Sortase A (1:M ⁇ ST, 2: G4S-M ⁇ ST, 3: MiST/IC- AvPAL, 4: G4S- MiST/IC- AvPAL).
- FIG 11 SDS-PAGE analysis of Gly-GFP modified MiST nanospheres.
- Lane 1 corresponds to GFP containing glycine.
- Lane 2 MiST NS loaded with AvPAL.
- Lanes 3 and 4 are Mist (3) or G4S-MIST (4), NS loaded with AvPAL after sortase A reaction in the presence of GFP containing glycine. The positions of each protein residue are indicated by arrows on the right side of the image.
- Figure 12 Expression of 3G-MIST and TEV-3G-MIST.
- Figure 13 SrtA-mediated purification and derivatization of 3G-M ⁇ ST and TEV-3G-M ⁇ ST.
- FIG. 4 SrtA-mediated purification and derivatization of AvPAL-loaded 3G-MIST and TEV-3G-MIST.
- the AvPAL-loaded TEV-3G-MIST NS samples shown in A were either incubated or not as indicated at the bottom of the figure, with the fluorescent substrate 5-FAM-LPETGG, Sortase A, or TEV protease. The gel was viewed and photographed under UV light to visualize the covalently bound substrate.
- fusion proteins that contain the minimal region of the muNS protein (muNS-M ⁇ ), which forms nanospheres/microspheres, and a signal at the C-terminus of muNS-M ⁇ that allows the post-translational modification of muNS-M ⁇ both as a monomer and in aggregates in the form of nanospheres/microspheres.
- the invention relates to a fusion protein, hereinafter the fusion protein of the invention, comprising the following components: (i) a polypeptide comprising a sequence selected from the group consisting of: the sequence 448-635 (SEQ ID NO: 1) of the muNS protein of avian Orthoreovirus, the sequence 518-721 (SEQ ID NO: 2) of the muNS protein of mammalian Orthoreovirus, and a functionally equivalent variant of any of the above with the ability to form nanospheres and/or microspheres and
- component (a) a polypeptide comprising the recognition motif of a sortase or the residual part of a recognition motif of a sortase generated after a sortase-mediated reaction, wherein component (i) is fused to the carboxyl terminus of component (i), or
- component (b) a polypeptide comprising the acceptor motif of a sortase, wherein component (i) is fused to the amino terminus of component (i).
- protein used here interchangeably with “polypeptide,” refers to a chain of amino acids of any length in which the different amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds.
- avian orthoreovirus or “avian reovirus” as used herein refers to one of the twelve genera belonging to the Reoviridae family of viruses and in particular to the group within the genus that infects birds. They have double-stranded RNA genomes and therefore belong to group III of viruses.
- the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 448-635 (SEQ ID NO: 1) is a fragment of the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein that comprises the minimal region of the muNS protein of an Orthoreovirus that has the ability to form inclusions when expressed in a cell or a functionally equivalent variant thereof.
- inclusion(s) refers to nuclear or cytoplasmic aggregates, usually of proteins.
- the inclusion-forming protein in the Orthoreovirus genus is the muNS or pNS protein, which is capable of forming inclusions when expressed in the absence of other viral factors (Touris-Otero et al., supra).
- inclusions are formed by the muNS-M ⁇ protein, they are small in size and spherical, forming what are referred to as “nanospheres” and/or “microspheres.” Nanospheres and microspheres are distinguished by their size (see below).
- the term “inclusions” also encompasses the terms “nanosphere” and “microsphere.”
- the ability to form inclusions of the muNS protein of the avian Orthoreovirus is given by the presence of the minimal region of the muNS protein of the avian Orthoreovirus corresponding to residues 448 to 635 of said protein. However, any fragment of the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein containing said minimal fragment is capable of forming said inclusions.
- component (i) of the fusion protein of the invention comprises the complete sequence of the avian Ortherovirus muNS protein, or a fragment of the avian Orthreovirus muNS protein comprised between residues 1 and 635 of said protein, or from residue 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 330, 340, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 447 and up to residue 635 consecutive amino acids of the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein.
- component (i) of the fusion protein of the invention comprises from a fragment from residue 447 to residue 636 of the avian Orthoreovirus protein, or from residue 447 to residue 640, 650, 660, 670, 680, 690, 700, 710, 720, or up to residue 721 of the avian Orthoreovirus protein.
- component (i) of the fusion protein of the invention comprises a fragment of the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein comprised between residues 10 and 720 of said protein, or between residues 10 and 700, or between residues 20 and 700, or between residues 30 and 700, or between residues 40 and 700, or between residues 60 and 680, or between residues 80 and 660, or between residues 100 and 640, or between residues 120 and 635 of said protein.
- polypeptide that forms part of the fusion protein of the invention comprises or consists of the sequence 518-721 (SEQ ID NO: 2) of the muNS protein of the mammalian Orthoreovirus.
- mammalian orthoreovirus refers to one of the twelve genera belonging to the Reoviridae family of viruses and specifically to the group within the genus that infects mammals. They have double-stranded RNA genomes and therefore belong to group III of viruses.
- mammalian Orthoreovirus muNS or pNS protein refers to one of the nonstructural proteins encoded by mammalian reovirus or Mammalian Orthoreovirus and is the only mammalian reovirus protein capable of forming microspheres when expressed in the absence of other viral factors (Becker, MM et al. 2003. J. Virol. 77:5948-5963). It is a 721 amino acid protein defined as by accession number ABP48918 in the NCBI database (version ABP48918.1, April 11, 2008) (SEQ ID NO: 4).
- the minimal region of the mammalian Orthoreovirus muNS protein Mammalian Orthoreovirus that has the ability to form inclusions when expressed in a cell comprises the region corresponding to residues 518 to 721 (SEQ ID NO: 2).
- component (i) of the fusion protein of the invention comprises the complete protein either from residue 2 to residue 721 of said protein, or from residue 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 330, 340, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 470, 480, 490, 500, 510 and up to residue 721 of said protein.
- the polypeptide that forms part of the fusion protein of the invention comprises or consists of a functionally equivalent variant of (i) the sequence 448-635 (SEQ ID NO: 1) of the muNS protein of the avian Orthoreovirus or (ii) the sequence 518-721 (SEQ ID NO: 2) of the muNS protein of the mammalian Orthoreovirus, with the capacity to form nanospheres and/or microspheres.
- the functionally equivalent variants of the sequence 448-635 (SEQ ID NO: 1) of the muNS protein of the avian Orthoreovirus or of the sequence 518-721 (SEQ ID NO: 2) of the muNS protein of the mammalian Orthoreovirus retain at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 100% of the capacity to form nanospheres/microspheres of the sequences from which they are derived.
- Functionally equivalent variants of the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 448-635 (SEQ ID NO: 1) or the mammalian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 518-721 (SEQ ID NO: 2) include those that exhibit at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity to the sequences from which they are derived.
- the degree of identity between the variants and the sequences from which they are derived is determined using computer algorithms and methods that are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the identity between two amino acid sequences is preferably determined using the BLASTP algorithm [BLASTManual, Altschul, S., et al., NCBI NLM NIH Bethesda, Md. 20894, Altschul, S. et al., J. Mol Biol, 215: 403-410 (1990)].
- the sequence identity between the functionally equivalent variant and the sequence of the protein from which it is derived is calculated over the entire length of the polypeptide.
- “Functionally equivalent variant” means all peptides derived from the sequence 448-635 (SEQ ID NO: 1) of the muNS protein of avian Orthoreovirus or from the sequence 518-721 (SEQ ID NO: 2) of the muNS protein of mammalian Orthoreovirus by modification, insertion, substitution and/or deletion of one or more amino acids, provided that the function of the muNS protein sequences from which they are derived is substantially maintained.
- the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 448-635 (SEQ ID NO: 1) and the mammalian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 518-721 (SEQ ID NO: 2) exhibit the ability to form nanospheres and/or microspheres in a cell.
- Functionally equivalent variants of the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 448-635 (SEQ ID NO: 1) and the mammalian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 518-721 (SEQ ID NO: 2) substantially retain the ability of these sequences to form nanospheres/microspheres in a cell.
- Suitable methods for determining the ability to form nanospheres/microspheres in a cell include, but are not limited to, the method described in Example 1 of patent application WO 2011/098652 based on the expression of the protein of interest in a cell and analysis of the formation of nanospheres/microspheres (inclusions) through indirect immunofluorescence, using polyclonal antibodies against the epitope of interest or an epitope fused to the protein of interest, the formation of nanospheres and/or microspheres being able to be verified.
- functionally equivalent variants of the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 448-635 (SEQ ID NO: 1) or the mammalian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 518-721 (SEQ ID NO: 2) retain at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, or 100% or more of the ability of said sequences to form nanospheres/microspheres in a cell.
- functionally equivalent variants of the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 448-635 (SEQ ID NO: 1) or the mammalian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 518-721 (SEQ ID NO: 2) include those that show at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity with respect to the sequences from which they are derived and retain at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity. at least 70%, at least 80%, at
- component (i) of the fusion protein of the invention may be useful for component (i) of the fusion protein of the invention to have another polypeptide of interest at its amino terminus.
- the fusion protein of the invention further comprises a component (iii) fused to the amino terminus of component (i), where component (iii) is a first polypeptide of interest.
- component (iii) may be useful to separate component (i).
- One possibility for separating these components is to use a peptide whose sequence contains a cleavage target for a protease, thus allowing the separation of the two components.
- component (iii) is fused to component (i) by a protease recognition sequence.
- protease recognition sequence a sequence of proteins that cleave peptide bonds in proteins using a water molecule, and are therefore classified as hydrolases.
- protease cleavage sites for incorporation into the fusion protein of the invention, without limitation, include enterokinase (cleavage site DDDDK; SEQ ID NO: 5), factor Xa (cleavage site IEDGR; SEQ ID NO: 6), thrombin (cleavage site LVPRGS; SEQ ID NO: 7), TEV protease (cleavage site ENLYFQG; SEQ ID NO: 8), PreScission protease (cleavage site LEVLFQGP; SEQ ID NO: 9), proteins, and the like.
- the protease recognition sequence is an enterokinase recognition sequence or a factor Xa recognition sequence.
- component (iii) comprises a signal peptide of the secretory pathway.
- secretory pathway signal peptide used herein interchangeably with “signal sequence” or “signal peptide” or “localization signal peptide”, refers to a short peptide (5-30 amino acids in length) present at the N-terminus that directs the transport of proteins destined for the secretory pathway, whether they are proteins residing in certain organelles (ER, Golgi complex or endosomes), proteins secreted by the cell or proteins inserted into the cell membrane.
- the signal peptide directs the translocation of the protein to which it is bound into the ER.
- the signal peptide is cleaved by a signal peptidase, generating a free signal peptide and a mature protein.
- secretory pathway signal peptides include signal peptides appearing in major histocompatibility complex class I and II molecules, signal sequences of cytokines or immunoglobulins, signal sequences of the invariant chain or of the proteins Lampl, Tapasin, Erp57, Calreticulin, Calnexin.
- the secretory pathway targeting sequence is selected from the group consisting of:
- the secretory pathway signal peptide comprises the sequence MGWSLILLFLVAVATGVHSQ (SEQ ID NO: 10).
- component (i) of the fusion protein of the invention comprises a signal peptide of the secretory pathway and does not contain N-glycosylations. Therefore, in a particular embodiment, component (i) lacks consensus sequences of N-glycosylations.
- Consensus sequence of N-glycosylation refers to the sequence composed of -Asn-X-Ser/Thr, where X is not proline, which is the most representative consensus sequence, as well as the less abundant consensus sequences of N-glycosylation, such as the sequences -Asn-Gly-, -Asn-X-Cys and -Asn-X-Val.
- component (i) comprises a secretory pathway signal peptide and the sequence SEQ ID NO: 1 or a functionally equivalent variant thereof wherein the amino acid at position 57 is not an Asn residue. In an even more preferred embodiment, component (i) comprises the sequence SEQ ID NO: 18.
- component (i) comprises a secretory pathway signal peptide and the sequence SEQ ID NO: 2 or a functionally equivalent variant thereof wherein the amino acid at position 57 is not an Asn residue.
- the second component comprises the sequence SEQ ID NO: 19.
- component (i) comprises a secretory pathway signal peptide and the sequence SEQ ID NO: 2 or a functionally equivalent variant thereof wherein the amino acid at position 113 is not an Asn residue.
- the second component comprises the sequence SEQ ID NO: 20.
- component (i) comprises a secretory pathway signal peptide and the sequence SEQ ID NO: 2 or a functionally equivalent variant thereof wherein the amino acids at position 57 and 113 are not Asn residues.
- the second component comprises the sequence SEQ ID NO: 21.
- the fusion protein of the invention may also contain a tag to facilitate its purification.
- component (i) and/or component (iii) comprises a peptide to facilitate its purification.
- component (i) comprises a peptide to facilitate its purification, wherein said peptide is fused at the amino terminus of component (i).
- the term “peptide to facilitate purification”, as used in the present invention, refers to a peptide useful for the isolation or purification of component (iii) or the fusion protein of the invention.
- said peptide is capable of binding one or more ligands of an affinity matrix, such as an affinity chromatography.
- His-tag histidine tail
- His6 or H6 histidine residues
- Other examples of such peptides include, but are not limited to, Arg-tag, FLAG-tag, Strep-tag, an epitope capable of being recognized by an antibody, such as c-myc-tag (recognized by an anti-c-myc antibody), SBP-tag, S-tag, calmodulin binding peptide, cellulose binding domain, chitin binding domain, glutathione S-transferase-tag, maltose binding protein, NusA, TrxA, DsbA, Avi-tag, etc.
- the peptides for facilitating purification are also useful for detection of the polypeptide to which they are bound. This can be accomplished by conventional techniques, for example, antibody-based techniques that specifically recognize the peptide for facilitating purification.
- the peptide to facilitate its purification may be in N- or C-terminal position with respect to component (iii). In a preferred embodiment, the peptide to facilitate its purification is in N-terminal position with respect to component (iii). In another preferred embodiment, the peptide to facilitate its purification is in C-terminal position with respect to component (iii). the reason for recognition of a sortase or the residual part of said reason
- the fusion protein is composed of at least two components, the second of which may be a polypeptide comprising the recognition motif of a sortase.
- sortase or “sortase enzyme” as used herein refers to a prokaryotic enzyme that has a catalytic domain with activity capable of selectively cleaving a peptide bond from a polypeptide chain at the sortase recognition motif and catalyzing a transpeptidation reaction resulting in the formation of an amide bond between the terminal carboxyl group created by the cleavage and a cell wall surface protein of a cell.
- Sortases are present in nearly all Gram-positive bacteria, as well as some Gram-negative bacteria and Archaea. Sortases are classified into four different classes (A, B, C, D).
- Each of the sortase classes cleaves a distinct recognition motif, and some members of the class cleave multiple peptide motifs.
- Class A Sortase typically cleaves the recognition motif LPXTG (SEQ ID NO: 22), where X represents any amino acid, between threonine and glycine. The cleaved peptide retains the glycine residue at its amino terminus, and the cleaved protein binds to peptidoglycan at the threonine residue.
- the sortase is a sortase A, an enzymatically active fragment, or a variant or derivative thereof.
- the sortase A is the wild-type sortase of Staphylococcus aureus, the evolved sortase (eSrtA), the eSrtA(2A-9), the eSrtA(4S-9) or the sortase A of Streptococcus pyogenes.
- the sortase is the sortase of S. aureus.
- the recognition motif of the sortase is the amino acid sequence LPXTG (SEQ ID NO: 22), where X is any amino acid.
- sortase recognition motif refers to a small amino acid sequence (3 to 7 amino acids), recognized by the sortase enzyme and where the transpeptidation reaction is carried out. This sequence is normally located at the C-terminal of the protein.
- the sortase recognition motif is the amino acid sequence LPETG (SEQ ID NO: 23).
- component (i) and component (ii)(a), comprising the sortase recognition motif are covalently linked through a flexible peptide linker.
- flexible peptide linker refers to spacer amino acid sequences that can act as a hinge region between two polypeptide components, allowing them to move independently of each other while maintaining the three-dimensional shape of the individual domains, such that the presence of spacers or peptide linkers does not alter the functionality of either component (i) and (ii)(a).
- a A preferred flexible peptide linker according to the invention would be a hinge region characterized by a structural ductility that allows this movement. The effect of the linker region is to provide space between components (i) and (ii)(a).
- the flexible peptide linker preferably comprises at least 2 amino acids, at least 3 amino acids, at least 5 amino acids, at least 10 amino acids, at least 15 amino acids, at least 20 amino acids, at least 30 amino acids, at least 40 amino acids, at least 50 amino acids, at least 60 amino acids, at least 70 amino acids, at least 80 amino acids, at least 90 amino acids or about 100 amino acids.
- the flexible peptide linker comprises at least 2 amino acids selected from a group consisting of: serine, glycine, alanine and threonine.
- the flexible peptide linker is a polyglycine sequence.
- the flexible peptide linker comprises a sequence selected from the group consisting of: GGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 29), SGGTSGSTSGTGST (SEQ ID NO: 30), AGSSTGSSTGPGSTT (SEQ ID NO: 31), GGSGGAP (SEQ ID NO: 32), GGGVEGGG (SEQ ID NO: 33), PKPSTPPGSS (SEQ ID NO: 34), AAA and AAALE (SEQ ID NO: 35).
- the flexible peptide linker comprises the sequence GGGGS (SEQ ID NO: 29).
- component (ii)(a) in the fusion protein of the invention allows the modification of the protein through the covalent attachment of any molecule containing a sortase acceptor motif.
- the fusion protein further comprises a component of interest covalently attached to the sortase recognition motif or to the residual part of a sortase recognition motif generated after a sortase-mediated reaction.
- modification of the recognition motif of a sortase by a sortase-mediated reaction produces a “residual part of a sortase recognition motif” where the fusion protein of the invention is modified by cleavage of the sortase recognition motif, due to the cleavage of one or more amino acids from the C-terminus of the sortase recognition motif sequence.
- the recognition motif of a sortase is the amino acid sequence LPXTG (SEQ ID NO: 22), where X is any amino acid
- the residual part of said motif is LPXT, since it is the part that remains after the proteolytic cleavage by the sortase of the carboxyl-terminal glycine.
- the component of interest is characterized by comprising a sortase acceptor motif.
- sortase acceptor motif refers to a polypeptide sequence that acts as an acceptor for the sortase-mediated transfer of a polypeptide to the sortase recognition motif.
- the sortase acceptor motif is located at, near, adjacent to, or toward the N- or C-terminus of the component of interest and comprises a non-polar amino acid sequence, said sequence being at least one amino acid in length.
- the non-polar amino acid sequence comprises at least between 1 and 20 amino acids (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 amino acids or any range thereof) in length.
- the nonpolar amino acid sequence is or comprises one or a plurality of glycines or alanines.
- the component of interest is characterized by comprising a sortase acceptor motif, wherein the sortase acceptor motif is characterized by comprising an oligoglycine sequence of at least 3 glycines.
- the component of interest is selected from a group consisting of: Toll-like receptor ligands (TLR), monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL A), oligonucleotides selected from CpG islands and polyinosinic:polycidylic acid (poly(l:C) - CAS number: 24939-03-5), saponin, lipid molecules, coating molecules, oligosaccharides, antibodies, nanoantibodies, aphitins, viral antigen, a bacterial antigen, a fungal antigen, an allergen, a cell penetrating peptide, an aphibody, or environmental antigen, a tumor antigen, wherein the component of interest is characterized by comprising an oligoglycine sequence of at least 3 glycines.
- TLR Toll-like receptor ligands
- MPL A monophosphoryl lipid A
- oligonucleotides selected from CpG islands and polyinosinic:polycidylic acid (pol
- Non-limiting examples of components of interest would be TLR (Toll-Like Receptors) ligands, MPL (monophosphoryl lipid A), oligonucleotides (CpG, poly(l:C), etc..), saponin, lipid molecules, other lipids, coating molecules for various purposes, such as polyglycerols, polyethylene glycol, chitosans, poly(oxazolines) (POX), poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PHPMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl ...
- TLR Toll-Like Receptors
- MPL monophosphoryl lipid A
- oligonucleotides CpG, poly(l:C), etc..
- saponin lipid molecules, other lipids, coating molecules for various purposes, such as polyglycerols, polyethylene glycol, chitosans, poly(oxazolines) (POX), poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PHPMA), poly(2-
- oligosaccharides molecules that direct the spheres in vivo to different targets such as nanobodies, aphytins and antibodies.
- PHEMA poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide)
- HPMA poly(vinylpyrrolidone)
- PVP poly(N, N-dimethyl acrylamide)
- PDMA poly(N-acryloylmorpholine)
- PAcM poly(N-acryloylmorpholine)
- the previously defined viral antigen, bacterial antigen, fungal antigen, allergen, cell penetrating peptide, affibody, environmental antigen, a tumor antigen are equally valid as components of interest, wherein the component of interest comprises an oligoglycine sequence of at least 3 glycines.
- the fusion protein is composed of at least two components, one possibility for the second component being a polypeptide comprising the sortase acceptor motif, previously described.
- the acceptor motif of a sortase comprises a non-polar amino acid sequence wherein the non-polar amino acid sequence comprises at least between 1 and 20 amino acids (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 amino acids or any range thereof) in length.
- the non-polar amino acid sequence is or comprises one or a plurality of glycines or alanines.
- component (ii)(b) is characterized by comprising a sortase acceptor motif, wherein the sortase acceptor motif is characterized by comprising an oligoglycine sequence of at least 1 glycine (G).
- the sortase acceptor motif comprises an amino acid sequence selected from a group consisting of: G, A, GG, AA, GGG and AAA.
- the sortase acceptor motif is characterized by consisting of an oligoglycine sequence of 3 glycines (GGG).
- the sortase acceptor motif is characterized by not comprising an oligoglycine sequence of more than 3 glycines.
- the acceptor motif of a sortase is characterized by not comprising an oligoglycine sequence of 5 glycines.
- the fusion protein further comprises a protease recognition sequence covalently linked to the amino terminus of the acceptor motif of a sortase.
- the protease recognition sequence is an enterokinase recognition sequence or a factor Xa recognition sequence.
- protease recognition sequence has been defined above and said definitions and particular embodiments are equally valid for the present embodiments.
- the component of interest is characterized by comprising a recognition motif of a sortase.
- the sortase is a sortase A, an enzymatically active fragment, or a variant or derivative thereof.
- the sortase A is the wild-type sortase of Staphylococcus aureus, the evolved sortase (eSrtA), the eSrtA(2A-9), the eSrtA(4S-9) or the sortase A of Streptococcus pyogenes.
- the sortase is the sortase of S. aureus.
- the component of interest is selected from a group consisting of: Toll-like receptor ligands (TLR), monophosphohl lipid A (MPLA), oligonucleotides selected from CpG islands and polyinosinic:polycidyl acid (poly(l:C) - CAS number: 24939-03-5), saponin, lipid molecules, coating molecules, oligosaccharides, antibodies, nanoantibodies, aphitins, a viral antigen, a bacterial antigen, a fungal antigen, an allergen, a cell penetrating peptide, an aphibody, or a cellular antigen. environmental, a tumor antigen, wherein the component of interest is characterized by comprising a sortase recognition sequence or the residual part of a sortase recognition motif generated after a sortase-mediated reaction.
- TLR Toll-like receptor ligands
- MPLA monophosphohl lipid A
- Nanospheres and/or microspheres of the invention are nanospheres and/or microspheres of the invention.
- the fusion protein of the invention has the ability to form inclusions when expressed in a cell.
- inclusions may vary in size and shape, and are referred to as nanospheres or microspheres.
- another aspect of the present invention refers to a nanosphere or a microsphere comprising at least one fusion protein of the invention, hereinafter the nanosphere/microsphere of the invention.
- nanospheres and microspheres have different sizes.
- the nanosphere has a size between 300 nanometers (nm) and 550 nm.
- the microsphere has a size between 0.55 micrometer (pm) and 4 pm, preferably between 1 pm and 4 pm.
- the structure of the minimal region of the Orthoreovirus muNS protein comprises two coiled-coil domain regions at the N- and C-terminal ends, C1 and C2, and an interdomain region designated intercoil (IC).
- This domain corresponds to the sequence 477-542 (SEQ ID NO: 25) of the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein or to the sequence 561-622 of the mammalian Orthoreovirus muNS protein (SEQ ID NO: 26).
- This fragment has the capacity to be incorporated into nanospheres and microspheres formed by the Orthoreovirus muNS protein.
- the nanosphere/microsphere of the invention comprises a second fusion protein comprising the following components:
- “Functionally equivalent variant” means all peptides derived from the sequence 477-542 (SEQ ID NO: 25) of the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein or from the sequence 561-622 (SEQ ID NO: 26) of the mammalian Orthoreovirus muNS protein by modification, insertion, substitution and/or deletion of one or more amino acids, provided that the function of the muNS protein sequences from which they are derived is substantially maintained.
- sequence 477-542 (SEQ ID NO: 25) of the muNS protein of the avian Orthoreovirus and the sequence 561-622 (SEQ ID NO26X) of the muNS protein of the mammalian Orthoreovirus have the ability to be incorporated into microspheres/nanospheres formed by the fusion protein of the invention in a cell.
- Functionally equivalent variants of the sequence 477-542 (SEQ ID NO: 25) of the muNS protein of the avian Orthoreovirus and the sequence 561-622 (SEQ ID NO: 26) of the muNS protein of the mammalian Orthoreovirus substantially retain the ability of said sequences to be incorporated into the microspheres/nanospheres formed by the fusion protein of the invention in a cell.
- Suitable methods for determining the ability to be incorporated into microspheres/nanospheres include, but are not limited to, the method described in Example 3 of patent application WO 2011/098652 based on the formation of nanospheres/microspheres (inclusions) and expression of the protein of interest in the form of a fusion protein associated with the fragments that direct it to the nanospheres/microspheres. Subsequently, indirect immunofluorescence would be carried out, using polyclonal antibodies against the HA epitope or the epitope of interest, and the incorporation of said fragments into the nanospheres/microspheres could be verified.
- the functionally equivalent variants of the sequence 477-542 (SEQ ID NO: 25) of the avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein or the sequence 561-622 (SEQ ID NO: 26) of the mammalian Orthoreovirus muNS protein retain at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 100% of the capacity to be incorporated into nanospheres and/or microspheres of the sequences from which they are derived.
- avian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 477-542 (SEQ ID NO: 25) or the mammalian Orthoreovirus muNS protein sequence 561-622 (SEQ ID NO: 26) include those that exhibit at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity to the sequences from which they are derived.
- the functionally equivalent variants of the sequence 477-542 (SEQ ID NO: 25) of the muNS protein of the avian Orthoreovirus or of the sequence 561-622 (SEQ ID NO: 26) of the muNS protein of the mammalian Orthoreovirus retain at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 100% of the capacity to be incorporated into nanospheres and/or microspheres of the sequences from which they are derived and show at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 9 ... at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity to the
- component (b) may be fused to the amino terminus of component (a) or component (a) may be fused to the amino terminus of component (b).
- component (b) is fused to the amino terminus of component (a).
- polypeptide of interest refers to any polypeptide, of any size, that is of interest to the user, wherein the fusion to the amino terminus of component (i) does not affect the ability of the fusion protein of the invention to form nanospheres and/or microspheres.
- said polypeptide of interest may be a viral antigen, a bacterial antigen, a fungal antigen, an allergen, a cell penetrating peptide, an affibody, or an environmental antigen or a tumor antigen.
- Suitable viral antigens as the first polypeptide of interest include antigens from HIV-1, (such as tat, net, gp120 or gp160, gp40, p24, gag, env, vif, vpr, vpu, rev), human herpesvirus, (such as gH, gL gM gB gC gK gE or gD or derivatives thereof) or immediate early protein such as ICP27, ICP47, ICP4, ICP36 of HSV1 or HSV2, cytomegalovirus, especially human, (such as gB or derivatives thereof), Epstein Barr virus (such as gp350 or derivatives thereof), varicella zoster virus (such as gpl, II, III and IE63), or from a hepatitis virus such as hepatitis B virus (e.g.
- HIV-1 such as tat, net, gp120 or gp160, gp40, p24
- hepatitis B surface antigen or hepatitis core antigen hepatitis C virus
- hepatitis C virus e.g. core antigens, E1, NS3, or NS5
- paramyxoviruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (such as F and G proteins or derivatives thereof), from parainfluenza viruses, from rubella viruses (such as Eli and E2 proteins), measles viruses, mumps viruses, human papillomaviruses (e.g. HPV6, 11, 16, 18, eg LI, L2, Eli, E2, E3, E4, E5, E6, E7), flaviviruses (e.g.
- influenza virus-infected cells such as HA, NP, NA, or M proteins, or combinations thereof
- rotavirus antigens such as VP7sc and other rotavirus components
- Suitable bacterial antigens as the first polypeptide of interest include antigens from Neisseria spp., including N. gonorrhea and N. meningitidis (transferrin-binding proteins, lactoferrin-binding proteins, PilC and adhesins); antigens from S. pyogenes (such as M proteins or fragments thereof and C5A protease); antigens from S. agalactiae, S. mutans', H.
- M catarrhalis also known as Branhamella catarrhalis (such as high and low molecular weight adhesins and invasins); Bordetella spp antigens, including B. pertussis (e.g. Parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica (such as pertactin, pertussis toxin or derivatives thereof, filamentous hemagglutinin, adenylate cyclase, fimbriae); Mycobacterium spp. antigens, including M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. leprae, M. avium, M. paratuberculosis, M.
- B. pertussis e.g. Parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica (such as pertactin, pertussis toxin or derivatives thereof, filamentous hemagglutinin, adenylate cyclase, fimbriae
- ESAT6 antigen 85A, -B or -C L. pneumophila'
- Escherichia spp antigens including enterotoxic E. coli (e.g. colonization factors, heat-labile toxin or derivatives thereof, heat-stable toxin or derivatives thereof), enterohaemorrhagic E. coli and enteropathogenic E. coli antigens (e.g.
- Vibrio spp antigens including V. cholera (e.g. cholera toxin or derivatives thereof); Shigella spp antigens, including S. sonnei, S. dysenteriae, S. flexneri, Yersinia spp., including Y. enterocolitica (e.g. a Yop protein); antigens of Y. pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis', Campylobacter spp., including C. jejuni (e.g. toxins, adhesins and invasins); antigens of Salmonella spp., including S. typhi, S.
- V. cholera e.g. cholera toxin or derivatives thereof
- Shigella spp antigens including S. sonnei, S. dysenteriae, S. flexneri, Yersinia spp., including Y. enterocolitica (e.g. a Yop
- C. botulinum antigens e.g. botulinum toxin and derivatives thereof
- C. difficile antigens e.g. Clostridium toxins A or B and derivatives thereof
- Bacillus spp. antigens including B. anthracis (e.g. anthrax toxin and derivatives thereof); Corynebacterium spp., including C. diphtheriae (e.g. diphtheria toxin and derivatives thereof); Borrelia spp. antigens, including B. burgdorferi (e.g. OspA, OspC, DbpA, DbpB); B.
- garinii antigens e.g. OspA, OspC, DbpA, DbpB
- B. afzelii e.g. OspA, OspC, DbpA, DbpB
- B. andersonfi antigens e.g. OspA, OspC, DbpA, DbpB
- B. hermsif antigens Ehrlichia spp., including E. equi and the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent
- Rickettsia spp. including R. rickettsif
- Chlamydia spp. including C. trachomatis
- MOMP heparin-binding proteins
- Chlamydia pneumoniae antigens e.g. MOMP, heparin-binding proteins
- C. psittacf antigens Leptospira spp., including L. interrogans', Treponema spp., including T. pallidum (e.g. the rare outer membrane proteins), T. denticola, T. hyodysenteriae', Toxoplasma spp. and T. gondii antigens (e.g. SAG2, SAGS, Tg34); M.
- tuberculosis antigens such as Rv2557, Rv2558, RPFs: Rv0837c, Rv1884c, Rv2389c, Rv2450, Rv1009, aceA (Rv0467), PstS1, (Rv0932), SodA (Rv3846), Rv2031c 16 kDal, Tb Ra12, Tb H9, Tb Ra35, Tb38-1, Erd 14, DPV, MTI, MSL, mTTC2 and hTCC1); Chlamydia antigens (such as high molecular weight protein (HWMP), ORF3 (EP 366 412) and possible membrane proteins (Pmp); antigens of Streptococcus spp., including S.
- HWMP high molecular weight protein
- ORF3 ORF3
- Pmp membrane proteins
- pneumoniae PsaA, PspA, streptolysin, choline binding proteins, the protein antigen pneumolysin, and detoxified mutant derivatives thereof); antigens derived from Haemophilus spp., including H. influenzae type B (e.g. PRP and conjugates thereof); antigens of unclassifiable H. influenzae (such as OMP26, high molecular weight adhesins, P5, P6, protein D and lipoprotein D, and Ambrin and Ambrin-derived peptides, or multicopy variants or fusion proteins thereof).
- H. influenzae type B e.g. PRP and conjugates thereof
- antigens of unclassifiable H. influenzae such as OMP26, high molecular weight adhesins, P5, P6, protein D and lipoprotein D, and Ambrin and Ambrin-derived peptides, or multicopy variants or fusion proteins thereof.
- Suitable fungal antigens as the first polypeptide of interest include, but are not limited to, for example, Candida fungal antigen components; fungal antigens of Histoplasma such as heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and other Histoplasma fungal antigen components; Pneumocystis spp., including P. carinir, Cryptococcal fungal antigens such as capsular polysaccharides and other Cryptococcal fungal antigen components; Coccidian fungal antigens such as spherule antigens and other coccidian fungal antigen components; Candida spp., including C. albicans', Cryptococcus spp., including C. neoformans', and Tinea fungal antigens such as trichophytin and other coccidian fungal antigen components.
- Candida fungal antigen components fungal antigens of Histoplasma such as heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and other Histoplasma fungal antigen components
- Suitable protozoan antigens as the first polypeptide of interest include, but are not limited to, antigens from Plasmodium spp., such as P. falciparum and antigens derived from Plasmodium falciparum (such as RTS.S, TRAP, MSP1, AMA1, MSP3, EBA, GLIIRP, RAP1, RAP2, sequestrin, PfEMPI, Pf332, LSA1, LSA3, STARP, SALSA, PfEXPI, Pfs25, Pfs28, PFS27/25, Pfs16, Pfs48/45, Pfs230 and their analogs in Plasmodium spp., as well as merozoite surface antigens, sporozoite surface antigens, circumsporozoite antigens, gametocyte/gamete surface antigens, blood stage pf, 55/RESA and other plasmoid antigen components; Toxoplasma antigens such as SAG-
- T. vaginalis Entamoeba spp. antigens, including E. histolytica’
- Babesia spp. including B. microtf, Leishmannia antigen and other Leishmania antigens such as gp63, lipophosphoglycan and its associated protein and other Leishmania antigen components
- Giardia spp. antigens including G. lamblia’
- Trypanosoma cruzi antigens such as the 75-77 kDa antigen, the 56 kDa antigen and other Trypanosoma antigen components.
- Suitable environmental allergens or antigens as the first polypeptide of interest include, but are not limited to, an antigen derived from naturally occurring allergens such as pollen allergens (tree, grass, weed, and grass pollen allergens), insect allergens (inhalable, saliva, and venom allergens), animal dander and hair allergens, and food allergens.
- an antigen derived from naturally occurring allergens such as pollen allergens (tree, grass, weed, and grass pollen allergens), insect allergens (inhalable, saliva, and venom allergens), animal dander and hair allergens, and food allergens.
- Important pollen allergens of trees, grasses and forbs originate from the taxonomic orders of Fagales, Oleales, Pi ⁇ ales and Platanaceae including among others birch (Betula), alder (Alnus), hazel (Corylus), hornbeam (Carpinus) and olive (Olea), cedar (Cryptomeria and Juniperus), plane (Platanus), the order of Poales including among others grasses of the genera Lolium, Phleum, Poa, Cynodon, Dactylis, Holcus, Phalaris, Secale and Sorghum, the orders of Asterales and Urticales including amongst others grasses of the genera Ambrosia, Artemisia and Parietaria.
- allergenic antigens that may be used include allergens from house dust mites of the genera Dermatophagoides and Euroglyphus, storage mites e.g. Lepidoglyphys, Glycyphagus and Tyrophagus, those from cockroaches, midges and fleas e.g. Blatella, Periplaneta, Chironomus and Ctenocepphalides, those from mammals such as cats, dogs and horses, birds, venom allergens including those originating from the stings or bites of insects such as those of the taxonomic order Hymenoptera including bees (superfamily Apidae), wasps and ants (superfamily Formicoidae). Still other allergenic antigens that may be used include inhalation allergens from fungi such as from the genera Alternaria and Cladosporium.
- Suitable tumor antigens as the first polypeptide of interest include, but are not limited to, MAGE, MART-1/Melan-A, gp100, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV), adenosine deaminase binding protein (ADAbp), cyclophilin b, colorectal associated antigen (CRC)-0017-1A/GA733, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and its antigenic epitopes CAP-1 and CAP-2, etv6, aml1 , prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and its antigenic epitopes PSA-1 , PSA-2, and PSA-3, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), T-cell receptor/CD3- ⁇ chain, MAGE family of tumor antigens (e.g., MAGE-A1 , MAGE-A2, MAGE-A3, MAGE-A4, MAGE-A5, MAGE-A6, MAGE-A7, MAGE-A8, MAGE-A9,
- the fusion protein of the invention has the ability to form nanospheres and/or microspheres when expressed in a cell, independently of having a component of interest bound to the recognition sequence of a sortase or bound to the acceptor motif of a sortase.
- the present invention also contemplates the formation of nanospheres and/or microspheres by the fusion protein of the invention wherein said proteins do not comprise a component of interest bound to the recognition sequence of a sortase, and the subsequent modification of said nanospheres and/or microspheres through the addition of a component of interest to the recognition sequence of a sortase or to the acceptor motif of a sortase.
- the fusion protein of the invention comprising component (ii)(a) further comprises a component of interest covalently linked to the residual portion of the recognition motif of a sortase generated after a sortase-mediated reaction.
- the fusion protein of the invention comprising component (ii)(b) further comprises a component of interest covalently linked to the acceptor motif of a sortase.
- modification of the nanosphere or microsphere by the sortase may produce an intermediate where the fusion protein of the invention that forms the nanosphere or microsphere is modified by cleavage of the recognition motif of the sortase.
- the nanosphere/microsphere of the invention is modified by the action of a sortase that recognizes the recognition motif of the sortase and cleaves said recognition motif.
- the nanosphere/microsphere of the invention is modified by the action of a sortase that recognizes the recognition motif of the sortase and cleaves said recognition motif.
- sortase that recognizes the sortase recognition motif and cleaves said sortase recognition motif, wherein the sortase recognition motif is the amino acid sequence LPXTG (SEQ ID NO: 22), where X is any amino acid, and wherein the sortase cleaves between the T and G of the sortase recognition motif.
- the modification of the nanosphere or microsphere by the sortase simply involves the addition of a polypeptide to the amino terminus of the fusion protein without the cleavage of any polypeptide motif.
- the nanosphere/microsphere of the invention is modified by the action of a sortase that recognizes the sortase acceptor motif and covalently binds a polypeptide to that motif.
- the nanosphere/microsphere of the invention is modified by the action of a sortase that recognizes the sortase acceptor motif, wherein the sortase recognition motif is the amino acid sequence selected from a group consisting of: G, A, GG, AA, GGG and AAA, preferably GGG.
- the component of interest is selected from the group consisting of:
- TLR Toll-like receptor
- Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL A); oligonucleotides selected from CpG islands and polyinosinic:polycidylic acid (poly(l:C) - CAS number: 24939-03-5); saponin; lipid molecules; coating molecules selected from the group consisting of: polyglycerols, polyethylene glycol, chitosans, poly(oxazolines) (POX), poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PHPMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide) (HPMA), poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), poly(N,N-dimethyl acrylamide) (PDMA) and poly(N-acryloylmorpholine) (PAcM); oligosaccharides; antibodies; nanobodies; aphytins; viral antigen; bacterial antigen; fungal antigen; allergen; cell-penetrating
- TLR Toll-like receptor ligands
- MPL A methyl methyl lipid A
- LPS lipopolysaccharide
- endotoxin endotoxin
- oligonucleotides refers to a DNA or RNA sequence, single or double stranded, with fifty base pairs or less, where the bases are natural, adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine and uracil, or synthetic, and where the oligonucleotide may contain modifications, such as, without limitation, methylation (e.g. 5-methyl-cytosine), phosphorylation, glycosylation, oxidation, etc.
- each molecule is made up of a lipid-soluble element (the spheroid or triterpenoid) and a water-soluble element (the sugar), and they form a foam when shaken in water.
- Saponins are toxic, and their toxicity is thought to come from their ability to form complexes with sterols, thus potentially interfering with sterol assimilation by the digestive system, or disrupting cell membranes after absorption into the bloodstream.
- lipid molecules refers to water-insoluble fatty substances including fats, oils, waxes and related compounds.
- coating molecules refers to any chemical component that can be used for coating the nanospheres/microspheres.
- oligosaccharides in the present context refers to molecules formed by the covalent union of 2 to 10 cyclic monosaccharides, from 3 onwards they can be linear or branched by means of glycosidic bonds, a covalent bond that is established between alcohol groups of two monosaccharides, with the release of a water molecule.
- antibody in the context of the present invention refers to an immunoglobulin molecule, a fragment of an immunoglobulin molecule or a derivative of either, which has the ability to specifically bind to an antigen under typical physiological conditions.
- the variable regions of the heavy and light chains of the immunoglobulin molecule contain a binding domain that interacts with an antigen.
- the constant regions of antibodies (Abs) can mediate the binding of the immunoglobulin to tissues or host factors, including various cells of the immune system.
- antibody also includes polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), antibody-like polypeptides, such as chimeric antibodies and humanized antibodies, and antibody fragments that retain the ability to specifically bind to antigen (antigen-binding fragments) provided by any known technique.
- mAbs monoclonal antibodies
- antibody-like polypeptides such as chimeric antibodies and humanized antibodies
- antibody fragments that retain the ability to specifically bind to antigen (antigen-binding fragments) provided by any known technique.
- nanoantibodies also called nanobodies, single domain antibodies or VHH antibodies
- nanoantibodies are a type of antibodies derived from camelids, being much smaller than the usual ones, which are gigantic by molecular standards, since each of them is a conglomerate of two heavy and two light chains, intricately folded and linked to complex sugars, while nanoantibodies are relatively simple proteins with a size approximately one tenth the size of the corresponding one in humans and just a few nanometers in length.
- Aphytin refers to artificial proteins with the ability to selectively bind antigens.
- cell penetrating peptides or their acronym “CPPs”, are short peptides that facilitate cellular uptake/uptake of various peptide-associated molecular entities, either by chemical linkages through covalent bonds or by non-covalent interactions.
- the associated molecular entities range from nano-sized particles to small chemical molecules to large DNA fragments.
- the function of CPPs is to introduce the associated entities into cells, a process that typically occurs by endocytosis.
- CPPs typically have an amino acid composition that either contains a high relative abundance of positively charged amino acids, such as lysine or arginine, or has sequences that contain an alternating pattern of polar/charged amino acids and nonpolar, hydrophobic amino acids. These two types of structures are referred to as polycationic or antipathogenic, respectively.
- a third class of CPPs are hydrophobic peptides, which contain only nonpolar residues, have low net charge, or have hydrophobic amino acid groups that are crucial for cellular uptake.
- affibody refers to a mimetic antibody that can bind to a specific target protein (receptor).
- a specific target protein receptor
- an affibody molecule consists of 20 to 150 amino acid residues and can be composed of 2 to 10 alpha helices. Examples of affibodies, without limitation, are those described in Renli Luo et al. (RSC Chem. Biol., 2022, 3, 830-847).
- the nanospheres/microspheres of the invention may have various uses, such as, without any limitation, drug delivery vehicles, vehicles for the expression and purification of proteins, immunogenic agents, etc. This is possible due to the various possibilities of modification and alterations that occur both in the fusion protein and in the nanospheres and microspheres.
- the component of interest further comprises a protease recognition sequence located in the C-terminal region of the acceptor motif of a sortase that characterizes the component of interest.
- protease recognition sequences have been defined above and said definitions and particular embodiments are equally valid for the present embodiment.
- the component of interest also comprises a secretory pathway signal peptide located in the C-terminal region of the acceptor motif of a sortase that characterizes the component of interest.
- Secretory pathway signal peptides have been defined above and said definitions and particular embodiments are equally valid for the present embodiment.
- the component of interest also comprises a tag to facilitate its purification located in the C-terminal region of the acceptor motif of a sortase that characterizes the component of interest.
- Tags to facilitate purification have been defined above and said definitions and particular embodiments are equally valid for the present embodiment.
- the component of interest further comprises a sortase recognition sequence.
- Sortase recognition sequences have been defined above and said definitions and particular embodiments are equally valid for the present embodiment.
- the component of interest also comprises a tag to facilitate its purification located in the C-terminal region of the sortase recognition sequence that characterizes the component of interest.
- the first polypeptide of interest, the component of interest, and/or the second polypeptide of interest is the glucose-6-phosphatase 2 protein (IGRP) or a functionally equivalent variant.
- IGRP glucose-6-phosphatase 2 protein
- glucose-6-phosphatase 2 or “IGRP” or “islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein” as used herein refers to a protein capable of hydrolyzing glucose-6-phosphate to give glucose and phosphate. It is a transmembrane protein that is expressed in the pancreas and to a lesser extent in the testes. In humans it is encoded by the G6PC2 gene.
- the IGRP protein can be of any origin, for example human, bovine, murine, equine, canine, etc.
- the IGRP protein is the human protein identified by accession number Q9NQR9 in the UniprotKB database (Entry version 147, 14 December 2022, sequence version 1, 1 October 2000). In humans there are three isoforms of the protein, identified by the following UniprotKB accession numbers:
- Isoform 1 considered the canonical sequence, has a length of 355 amino acids: Q9NQR9-1.
- Isoform 2 with a length of 102 amino acids: Q9NQR9-2.
- the IGRP protein is the mouse protein identified by accession number Q9Z186 in the UniprotKB database (Entry version 145, December 14, 2022; sequence version 1, May 1, 1999). In mice, there are two isoforms of the protein, identified by the following UniprotKB accession numbers:
- Isoform 1 considered the canonical sequence, with a length of 355 amino acids: Q9Z186-1.
- Isoform 2 with a length of 154 amino acids: Q9Z186-2.
- the IGRP protein is the rat protein encoded by the gene identified by accession number Gene ID 681817 in the NCBI Genbank database (version of April 24, 2022).
- IGRP protein refers to any peptide or protein that results from the deletion, insertion, addition or substitution of one or more amino acid residues with respect to the sequence from which it is derived and that retains the function of said sequence.
- the functionally equivalent variant has a sequence identity of at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98% or at least 99% over its entire length with the sequence of the IGRP protein.
- composition of the nanospheres/microspheres in relation to whether they may include one or more of the first polypeptide of interest, the component of interest, and the second polypeptide of interest.
- the nanospheres and/or microspheres of the invention comprise the polypeptide of interest and/or the component of interest.
- the polypeptide of interest is identical or different from the component of interest.
- the nanospheres/microspheres of the invention are bivalent or trivalent.
- bivalent nanospheres/microspheres refers to the nanospheres and/or microspheres comprising at least two distinct compounds/molecules/proteins from among the first polypeptide of interest, the component of interest, and the second polypeptide of interest.
- trivalent nanospheres/microspheres refers to the nanospheres and/or microspheres comprising at least three distinct compounds/molecules/proteins from among the first polypeptide of interest, the component of interest, and the second polypeptide of interest.
- the fusion protein of the invention may be encoded by a polynucleotide.
- another aspect of the present invention relates to a polynucleotide encoding a fusion protein of the invention, hereinafter the polynucleotide of the invention.
- polynucleotide refers to a polymer formed from a variable number of monomers where the monomers are nucleotides, including both ribonucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides. Polynucleotides include monomers modified by methylation as well as unmodified forms.
- polynucleotide and nucleic acid are used interchangeably herein and include mRNA, cDNA and recombinant polynucleotides.
- Said polynucleotide may be part of an expression cassette, which is used to, but is not limited to, express said polynucleotide in a cell.
- another aspect of the present invention relates to an expression cassette comprising a polynucleotide according to the invention, hereinafter the cassette of the invention.
- expression cassette refers to a polynucleotide comprising a gene and a promoter suitable for controlling that gene.
- the expression cassette It may optionally include other sequences, for example, transcription termination signals.
- the choice of a promoter and other regulatory element(s) generally varies depending on the host cell used. Suitable promoters in the context of the present invention include constitutive promoters that promote the expression of the sequences associated with them in a constant manner and inducible promoters, which require an external stimulus to promote the transcription of the sequences associated with them.
- Promoters useful for carrying out the present invention include:
- Constitutive promoters such as the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1) promoter, the elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF) promoter and the promoter of the gene encoding triose phosphate isomerase (TPI), the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) promoter and the 3-phosphoglycerate kinase (GPK) promoter, the MRP7 promoter.
- ADH1 alcohol dehydrogenase
- TEZ elongation factor 1 alpha
- TPI triose phosphate isomerase
- GPD glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- GPK 3-phosphoglycerate kinase
- Inducible promoters such as the metallothionein promoter (CUP1) whose expression is regulated by the addition of copper to the culture medium, the promoter of the gene encoding the FUS1 gene or the FUS2 gene, whose expression is activated in the presence of pheromones (factor a), the TET promoter whose expression is regulated in the presence of tetracyclines, the GAL1-10, GALL, GALS promoters that are activated in the presence of galactose, the VP16-ER promoter, inducible by estrogens, the phosphatase promoter (PH05) whose expression is activated in the presence of phosphate and the heat shock protein promoter HSP150, whose expression is activated at high temperatures.
- CUP1 metallothionein promoter
- PH05 phosphatase promoter
- HSP150 heat shock protein promoter
- the cassette comprises a first and a second polynucleotide, wherein the second polynucleotide encodes a second fusion protein.
- the polynucleotide of the invention or the expression cassette of the invention is operably linked to a first promoter and the second polynucleotide is operably linked to a second promoter.
- the first and second promoters are the same promoter or are different promoters.
- said promoter is the beta-lactamase and lactose promoter system, the T7 RNA polymerase promoter, the lambda promoter, the trp promoter or the tac promoter.
- said promoter is an inducible promoter.
- said promoter is an isopropyl-pD-1 - thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG)-inducible promoter.
- IPTG-inducible promoter is the T7 RNA polymerase promoter.
- the invention relates to a vector comprising the polynucleotide or expression cassette of the invention, hereinafter the vector of the invention.
- vector refers to a nucleic acid sequence comprising the sequences necessary so that after transcribing and translating said sequences in a cell the fusion protein of the invention is generated. Said sequence is operably linked to additional segments that provide for its autonomous replication in a host cell of interest.
- the vector is an expression vector, which is defined as a vector, which in addition to the regions of autonomous replication in a host cell, contains regions operably linked to the polynucleotide of the invention and which are capable of enhancing the expression of the products of the polynucleotide according to the invention.
- the vectors of the invention can be obtained by means of techniques widely known in the art.
- the vector of the invention is an expression vector in bacteria.
- suitable vectors according to the invention are, for example, the vectors pUC18, pUC19, pUC118, pUC119, Bluescript and its derivatives, mp18, mp19, pBR322, pMB9, ColEI, pCRI, RP4, pNH8A, pNH16a, pNH18a.
- said vector is the pET plasmid, in particular, the pET Duet-1 plasmid. Said plasmid comprises two different multiple cloning sites (MSC).
- the genes cloned in said plasmid are transcribed under the control of the bacteriophage T7 promoter, when the T7 RNA polymerase is activated in the host cell. Expression is induced with IPTG (isopropyl-p-D-thiogalactopyranoside), which removes the repressor from the operator so that transcription is carried out and the expression of the protein of interest is promoted.
- IPTG isopropyl-p-D-thiogalactopyranoside
- the vector of the invention further comprises a second polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of: a polypeptide comprising amino acids 477-542 (SEQ ID NO: 25) of the muNS protein of the avian Orthoreovirus, a polypeptide comprising amino acids 561-622 (SEQ ID NO: 26) of the muNS protein of the mammalian Orthoreovirus, a functionally equivalent variant of any of the above that maintains the ability to be incorporated into nanospheres and microspheres.
- a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of: a polypeptide comprising amino acids 477-542 (SEQ ID NO: 25) of the muNS protein of the avian Orthoreovirus, a polypeptide comprising amino acids 561-622 (SEQ ID NO: 26) of the muNS protein of the mammalian Orthoreovirus, a functionally equivalent variant of any of the above that maintains the ability to be incorporated into nanospheres and microspheres.
- the different polynucleotides encoding the different components of the invention can be expressed from different vectors.
- a vector composition hereinafter the vector composition of the invention, comprising the vector of the invention and a second vector comprising a second polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide selected from the group consisting of: a polypeptide comprising the sequence 477-542 (SEQ ID NO: 25) of the muNS protein of the avian Orthoreovirus, a polypeptide comprising the sequence 561-622 (SEQ ID NO: 26) of the muNS protein of the mammalian Orthoreovirus, a functionally equivalent variant of any of the foregoing that maintains the ability to be incorporated into nanospheres.
- the polynucleotides in the vector composition of the invention may also be operably linked to promoters.
- the polynucleotide of the invention or the expression cassette of the invention is operably linked to a first promoter and the second polynucleotide is operably linked to a second promoter.
- the first and second promoters are the same promoter or are different promoters.
- the vectors of the vector composition of the invention are bacterial expression vectors. As will be obvious to those skilled in the art, the examples, definitions and particular embodiments described for the vector of the invention are equally valid for the vectors of the vector composition.
- the polynucleotide of the invention, the expression cassette, the vector or the vector composition of the invention may be comprised in a host cell.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a cell comprising a fusion protein of the invention, a polynucleotide of the invention, an expression cassette of the invention, vector or vector composition of the invention, hereinafter the cell of the invention.
- the cell of the invention may be any prokaryotic cell or any eukaryotic cell. Virtually any cell type may be used in the present invention. Any host cell that can be transformed with the polynucleotide of the invention, or that can be transformed, transfected or infected by a recombinant vector containing the polynucleotide of the invention, for example animal cells (such as mammalian cells, avian cells, insect cells, etc.), plant cells, yeasts, bacteria etc. The cells of the invention may be obtained by conventional procedures known to those skilled in the art. Methods of the invention
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a fusion protein of the invention, hereinafter method I of the invention, comprising:
- the first step of the method for producing the fusion protein of the invention comprises expressing in a cell a first polynucleotide encoding said fusion protein.
- the polynucleotide In order to express the first polynucleotide in a cell, it is necessary, as those skilled in the art know, to introduce the polynucleotide into the cell, for example, by transforming said cell with a vector comprising the polynucleotide.
- the polynucleotide is operably linked to an inducible promoter, to express said polynucleotide it will be necessary to put the cell in contact with the inducer.
- IPTG is added to the bacterial culture for the time necessary to achieve the expression of the polynucleotide, for example at least 30 minutes, at least 1 hour, at least 2 hours, at least 3 hours, at least 4 hours, at least 5 hours, at least 6 hours, at least 12 hours, at least 18 hours, at least 24 hours, at least 48 hours, at least 72 hours or more.
- IPTG induction is carried out over a period of approximately 3 hours.
- the cells are incubated at a temperature between 18 and 37°C, preferably between 25 and 37°C, more preferably 37°C.
- the induction time is more than 24 hours, the cells are incubated during induction at a temperature between 18 and 25°C.
- the second stage of the method of producing the fusion protein of the invention consists of subjecting the cells to conditions suitable for the formation of nanospheres and/or microspheres.
- Suitable conditions for the formation of nanospheres and/or microspheres can be determined by the person skilled in the art for each cell type.
- Suitable methods for detecting the formation of nanospheres and/or microspheres include, but are not limited to, the method described in Example 1 of patent application WO 2011/098652, where the formation of nanospheres/microspheres (inclusions) is detected by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy using polyclonal antibodies against muNS.
- the suitable conditions for the formation of nanospheres and/or microspheres comprise incubating the cells expressing the first polynucleotide for a period of time of at least 30 minutes, at least 1 hour, at least 2 hours, at least 3 hours, at least 4 hours, at least 5 hours, at least 6 hours, at least 12 hours, at least 18 hours, at least 24 hours, and at a temperature between 25 and 37°C, preferably 37°C.
- the cell is a bacterial cell or a eukaryotic cell, where if it is a bacterial cell, nanospheres are formed in step (b) and if it is a eukaryotic cell, microspheres are formed in step (b).
- the first and second steps of the method for producing the fusion protein of the invention can be carried out simultaneously or sequentially, such that first the expression of the first polynucleotide is carried out and then the cells are subjected to conditions suitable for the formation of nanospheres and/or microspheres.
- the first and second steps are carried out simultaneously, since the conditions to which the cells are subjected for the expression of the first and second polynucleotide are suitable for the formation of microspheres.
- said conditions comprise incubating the cells in the presence of the inducer, preferably IPTG, for a period of time of at least 30 minutes, at least 1 hour, at least 2 hours, at least 3 hours, at least 4 hours, at least 5 hours, at least 6 hours, at least 12 hours, at least 18 hours, at least 24 hours, and at a temperature between 25 and 37°C, preferably 37°C.
- the inducer preferably IPTG
- the third stage of method I consists of concentrating the nanospheres and/or microspheres.
- To concentrate the nanospheres/microspheres it is necessary to lyse the cells in which the nanospheres/microspheres have been formed by any method, such as incubation with a lysis buffer or sonication, among others. Subsequently, the nanospheres/microspheres can be sedimented by centrifugation, preferably at a speed of approximately 2700g. In a particular embodiment, once the cells have been lysed, the Nanospheres/microspheres are washed with a buffer comprising a divalent cation.
- divalent cation refers to a positively charged ion of any metal of the periodic table having a valency of 2.
- Divalent cations suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, the divalent cations of Mg, Cd, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sr, and Zn.
- the divalent cation is Mg2+.
- Suitable concentrations of divalent cation to induce aggregate formation of the muNS protein are, for example, at least 0.5 mM, at least 0.8 mM, at least 1 mM, at least 5 mM, at least 10 mM, at least 15 mM, at least 20 mM, or higher.
- the nanospheres and/or microspheres are washed with a buffer comprising Mg 2+ , for example MgCh, preferably at a concentration of 5 mM.
- a buffer comprising Mg 2+ , for example MgCh, preferably at a concentration of 5 mM.
- the nanospheres and/or microspheres are concentrated following the purification protocol indicated in the examples herein.
- method I of the invention further comprises purifying the fusion protein by separating it from the nanospheres and/or microspheres.
- the fusion protein of the invention comprises component (ii)(b) and a protease recognition sequence fused to the amino terminus of the sortase acceptor motif, it may be useful to cleave the protease recognition sequence so that the sortase acceptor motif is available to interact with the sortase.
- the method further comprises contacting the fusion protein with a protease specific for the protease recognition sequence that is fused to the amino terminus of the sortase acceptor sequence, under conditions suitable for proteolysis of said recognition sequence, with consequent separation of the protease recognition sequence from the fusion protein.
- a protease specific for the protease recognition sequence that is fused to the amino terminus of the sortase acceptor sequence, under conditions suitable for proteolysis of said recognition sequence, with consequent separation of the protease recognition sequence from the fusion protein.
- method I of the invention further comprises purifying the fusion protein. separating it from the nanospheres and/or microspheres, subjecting the nanospheres and/or microspheres to conditions that lead to their disintegration.
- Conditions leading to disintegration of the nanospheres and/or microspheres include, but are not limited to: incubation of the nanospheres and/or microspheres with denaturing agents, for example, urea or guanidinium hydrochloride, incubation of the nanospheres and/or microspheres with ionic detergents, for example SDS at high concentration, incubation with NaCl at concentrations greater than 500 mM, incubation with a buffer not comprising divalent cations, preferably not comprising Mg 2+ .
- denaturing agents for example, urea or guanidinium hydrochloride
- ionic detergents for example SDS at high concentration
- NaCl at concentrations greater than 500 mM
- a buffer not comprising divalent cations preferably not comprising Mg 2+ .
- the conditions that lead to the disintegration of the nanospheres and/or microspheres are incubation with a buffer that does not comprise divalent cations, preferably not comprising Mg 2+ .
- the fusion protein can be purified by any known method. Said method will depend on the nature of the polypeptide of interest and will be known to those skilled in the art. Polypeptide purification techniques are widely known in the art and include, without limitation, affinity chromatography, exclusion chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, adsorption chromatography, immunoprecipitation, etc.
- the nanosphere/microsphere of the invention in addition to being able to be modified by a sortase and incorporate a component of interest into the fusion protein of the invention, can be used as a platform for the incorporation of a second fusion protein comprising the IC region of the Orthoreovirus muNS protein. This allows the nanosphere/microsphere of the invention to be used to produce proteins using said second fusion protein.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a protein, hereinafter method II of the invention, comprising:
- component (ii) is the protein produced
- method II of the invention comprises purifying the fusion protein by separating it from the nanospheres or microspheres.
- component (i) is fused to the amino end of component (i) or to the carboxyl end of component (i).
- component (ii) may be useful to separate component (i) from component (i) in method II of the invention.
- One possibility for separating said components is to use a peptide whose sequence contains a cleavage target for a protease, thus allowing the separation of the two components.
- the second fusion protein comprises a recognition sequence by a protease between its components (i) and (ii).
- protease refers to enzymes that cleave peptide bonds in proteins using a water molecule, and are therefore classified as hydrolases.
- suitable protease cleavage sites for incorporation into the fusion protein of the invention include enterokinase (cleavage site DDDDK; SEQ ID NO: 5), factor Xa (cleavage site IEDGR; SEQ ID NO: 6), thrombin (cleavage site LVPRGS; SEQ ID NO: 7), TEV protease (cleavage site ENLYFQG; SEQ ID NO: 8), PreScission protease (cleavage site LEVLFQGP; SEQ ID NO: 9), inteins and the like.
- the protease recognition sequence is an enterokinase recognition sequence or a factor Xa recognition sequence.
- the second fusion protein comprises a recognition sequence by a protease between its components (i) and (ii), and method II of the invention further comprises a step of separating the protein produced from component (i) of the second fusion protein through incubation of the second protein with a protease under conditions leading to the cleavage of the recognition sequence by the protease.
- method II of the invention further comprises purifying the fusion protein by separating it from the nanospheres and/or microspheres by subjecting the nanospheres and/or microspheres to conditions that lead to their disintegration.
- the cell is a bacterial cell or a eukaryotic cell, where if it is a bacterial cell, nanospheres are formed in step (b) and if it is a eukaryotic cell, microspheres are formed in step (b).
- the protein is the IGRP protein.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a first polypeptide of interest, hereinafter method III of the invention, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
- step (c) contacting the product resulting from step (b) with a protease specific for the recognition sequence that connects components (i) and (iii) of the fusion protein under conditions suitable for the proteolysis of said protein. fusion, with the consequent separation of components (i) and (iii) of the fusion protein,
- step (d) subjecting the product from step (c) to conditions suitable for the formation of nanospheres or microspheres and
- the recognition sequence by a protease that joins components (i) and (iii) of the fusion protein is a recognition sequence by enterokinase (cleavage site DDDDK - SEQ ID NO: 5), factor Xa (cleavage site IEDGR - SEQ ID NO: 6), thrombin (cleavage site LVPRGS - SEQ ID NO: 7), TEV protease (cleavage site ENLYFQG - SEQ ID NO: 8), PreScission protease (cleavage site LEVLFQGP - SEQ ID NO: 9), proteins or the like.
- enterokinase cleavage site DDDDK - SEQ ID NO: 5
- factor Xa cleavage site IEDGR - SEQ ID NO: 6
- thrombin cleavage site LVPRGS - SEQ ID NO: 7
- TEV protease cleavage site ENLYFQG - SEQ ID NO:
- the recognition sequence by proteases is an enterokinase recognition sequence or a recognition sequence by factor Xa.
- the recognition sequence by proteases is the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 or the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.
- Suitable conditions for proteolysis of the fusion protein include contacting the fusion protein with the protease specific for the recognition sequence connecting components (i) and (iii) of the fusion protein under conditions of pH, temperature, etc. that will depend on the specific protease to be used. Those skilled in the art know how to determine these conditions for each particular protease.
- Suitable conditions for the formation of nanospheres and/or microspheres include contacting the product resulting from step (a) with a buffer containing a divalent cation, as previously described.
- the divalent cation is Mg 2+ .
- Suitable concentrations of divalent cation to induce the formation of muNS protein aggregates are, for example, at least 0.01 mM, at least 0.1 mM, at least 1 mM, at least 2 mM, at least 3 mM, at least 4 mM, at least 5 mM or higher.
- said conditions comprise incubation with a buffer comprising Mg 2+ , preferably at a concentration of 5 mM.
- component (i) of the fusion protein is integrated back into said nanospheres and/or microspheres, leaving component (iii) of the fusion protein free. Therefore, this is a suitable method for protein purification.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a protein obtainable according to method I, II or III of the invention.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a nanosphere or microsphere of the invention, hereinafter method IV of the invention, comprising the steps of:
- the cell is a bacterial cell or a eukaryotic cell, where if it is a bacterial cell nanospheres are formed in step (b) and if it is a eukaryotic cell microspheres are formed in step (b).
- method IV of the invention further comprises the step of incubating the nanospheres and/or microspheres in the presence of a sortase that recognizes the sortase recognition motif of component (ii)(a) of the fusion protein and a substrate comprising a sortase acceptor motif, obtaining a nanosphere and/or microsphere comprising the substrate comprising the sortase acceptor motif.
- method IV of the invention further comprises the step of incubating the nanospheres and/or microspheres in the presence of a sortase that recognizes the acceptor motif of a sortase in component (ii)(b) of the fusion protein and a substrate comprising a recognition motif of a sortase, obtaining nanospheres and/or microspheres comprising the substrate comprising the recognition motif of a sortase.
- the sortase is sortase A
- the recognition motif is the sequence SEQ ID NO: 22 or SEQ ID NO: 23
- the acceptor motif of a sortase is a polyglycine sequence, preferably the sequence GGG.
- the step of incubating the nanospheres and/or microspheres in the presence of a sortase is carried out in the presence of an excess of calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) and in the absence of phosphate groups (PO ').
- the step of incubating the nanospheres and/or microspheres in the presence of a sortase is carried out at a pH of between 6.5 and 8.5, preferably at a pH of 7.5, at a temperature of between 35°C and 38°C, preferably 37°C, for 3 hours (h) to 5 h, preferably 4 h.
- the step of incubating the nanospheres and/or microspheres in the presence of a sortase is carried out in the presence of an excess of calcium ions and the absence of phosphate groups at a pH of 7.5 for 4 hours.
- the reaction during the step of incubating the nanospheres and/or microspheres in the presence of a sortase is stopped with the addition of an excess of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (CAS number: 60-00-4).
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- nanospheres or microspheres are purified between step (b) and incubating the nanospheres and/or microspheres in the presence of a sortase.
- the fusion protein of the invention and the nanosphere or microsphere of the invention can be used to develop pharmaceutical compositions and in therapeutic uses.
- compositions or immunogenic composition hereinafter the pharmaceutical composition of the invention or the immunogenic composition of the invention, which comprises the nanosphere and/or microsphere of the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
- immunogenic composition refers to a composition that is capable of eliciting, establishing or inducing an immune response in a subject, whether a response cellular or antibody-mediated immune response to the composition after administration.
- An “immunogenic composition” comprises molecules with antigenic properties, such as killed or attenuated bacteria or viruses, and also immunogenic polypeptides.
- An immunogenic polypeptide is generally referred to as antigenic.
- a molecule is "antigenic" when it is capable of specifically interacting with an antigen recognition molecule of the immune system, such as an immunoglobulin (antibody) or a T-cell antigen receptor. It is to be understood that, in the present invention, the immunogenic composition of the invention comprises the fusion protein of the invention and optionally the nanospheres or microspheres of the invention.
- a vaccine is an immunogenic composition.
- the immunogenic composition is a vaccine or vaccine composition.
- the term "vaccine” or “vaccine composition” as used herein refers to an immunogenic composition that is capable of eliciting, establishing, inducing or enhancing an immune response against a particular disease, wherein said immune response is of a cellular or antibody-mediated type, upon administration to the subject that is protective.
- a vaccine or vaccine composition typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism or a portion thereof (e.g., a polypeptide).
- Vaccines or vaccine compositions may be prophylactic or therapeutic.
- vaccine composition refers to an immunogenic composition of the invention supplemented with pharmaceutically acceptable carrier excipients, which when administered to a subject, provokes, or is capable of provoking directly or indirectly, an immune response in the host or subject that is protective against the microorganism causing the disease.
- “Pharmaceutically acceptable excipient” means a therapeutically inactive substance used to incorporate the active ingredient and which is acceptable to the patient from a pharmacological/toxicological standpoint and to the manufacturing pharmaceutical chemist from a physical/chemical standpoint with respect to composition, formulation, stability, patient acceptance, and bioavailability.
- the excipient or carrier also includes any substance that serves to enhance the delivery and effectiveness of the active ingredient within the pharmaceutical composition.
- pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include one or more of water, saline, phosphate buffered saline, dextrose, glycerol, ethanol, and the like, as well as combinations thereof.
- isotonic agents for example, sugars, polyalcohols such as mannitol, sorbitol, or sodium chloride in the composition.
- Carriers Pharmaceutically acceptable excipients may further comprise minor amounts of auxiliary substances such as wetting or emulsifying agents, preservatives or buffers, which increase the shelf life or efficacy of the microspheres or of the compositions forming part of the pharmaceutical compositions. Examples of suitable carriers are well known in the literature (see, for example, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 19th ed., Mack Publishing Company, Easton, PA, 1995).
- a disintegrant such as cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, agar, alginic acid or sodium alginate may be added.
- a disintegrant such as cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, agar, alginic acid or sodium alginate may be added.
- the number and nature of the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients depend on the desired dosage form. Pharmaceutically acceptable excipients are known to those skilled in the art (Faul ⁇ and Trillo C. (1993) "Tratado de Farmacia Galénica", Luzán 5, SA Ediations, Madrid).
- compositions of the invention may be administered by any suitable route, such as oral, subcutaneous, intravenous, intraperitoneal or intramuscular.
- the fusion protein and/or nanospheres or microspheres have use in medicine.
- another aspect of the invention relates to the nanospheres and/or microspheres of the invention for use in medicine.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to the nanospheres and/or microspheres of the invention or the immunogenic composition of the invention for use in the treatment and/or prevention of bluetongue, hereinafter the first medical use of the invention, wherein the fusion proteins comprising the nanosphere/microsphere are characterized by comprising at least one of: the outer capsid protein 2 (VP2) of the bluetongue virus 4 (BTV); the core protein 7 (VP7) of the bluetongue virus 10 (BTV); the nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of the bluetongue virus 4 (BTV); a protein with a functionally equivalent sequence to any of the above.
- VP2 outer capsid protein 2
- BTV the core protein 7
- NS1 nonstructural protein 1
- bluetongue or “bluetongue fever” is a non-contagious viral disease that affects domestic and wild ruminants (mainly sheep, but also cattle, goats, buffalo, antelope, deer or elk) and is transmitted by mosquitoes of the Culicoides species.
- the virus that causes bluetongue, bluetongue virus (BTV) is identified as a member of the Orbivirus genus of the Reoviridae family.
- the bluetongue virus species, or serogroup encompasses 24 known serotypes and other recently described atypical ones.
- BTV bluetongue virus
- outer capsid protein 2 refers to one of two proteins (with VP5) that constitute the outer capsid of the BTV viral particle.
- VP2 is the main immunogenic particle of BTV.
- VP2 is responsible for viral adhesion to the target host cell, probably by binding to sialic acid. This binding induces internalization of the virion predominantly by clathrin-dependent endocytosis.
- the outer capsid protein 2 of BTV4 comprises the sequence identified by accession number P12434 in the UniprotKB database (Entry version 70, December 14, 2022; sequence version 2, November 1, 1991).
- core protein 7 refers to one of the core proteins of BTV, which is accessible from the surface of an intact virus. VP7 appears to be important for the interactions of the virus with insect cells.
- the BTV4 core protein 7 comprises the sequence identified by accession number P69361 in the UniprotKB database (Entry version 77, December 14, 2022; sequence version 1, March 3, 2005).
- nonstructural protein 1 or “NS1” as used herein refers to a positive regulator of viral protein synthesis.
- the BTV4 core protein 7 comprises the sequence identified by accession number Q1 W9P8 in the UniprotKB database (Entry version 16, 14 December 2022; sequence version 1, 2 May 2006).
- the expression “functionally equivalent sequence” refers to the fact that the variants of the VP2, VP7 or NS1 proteins maintain totally or partially their capacity to function as immunogenic polypeptides, as described above.
- Functionally equivalent variants of the VP2, VP7 or NS1 protein include those that exhibit at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98% or at least 99% sequence identity to the sequences from which they are derived.
- treatment and/or prevention of bluetongue is understood as the administration of the nanospheres and/or microspheres of the invention to prevent or delay the onset of symptoms, complications or biochemical indications of the infection, to alleviate its symptoms or to stop or inhibit its development and progression such as, for example, death.
- the treatment may be a prophylactic treatment to avoid the onset of the disease or to prevent the manifestation of its clinical or subclinical symptoms or a therapeutic treatment to eliminate or alleviate the symptoms after the manifestation of the disease.
- the treatment is performed on a subject.
- patient refers to any animal, preferably a mammal and includes, but is not limited to, domestic and farm animals, primates and humans, e.g., humans, non-human primates, cows, horses, pigs, sheep, goats, dogs, cats, or rodents such as rats and mice.
- the subject is a human of any age or breed.
- the first medical use of the invention comprises the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of the nanospheres and/or microspheres.
- the nanosphere and/or microsphere is administered in the absence of an adjuvant.
- therapeutically effective amount is understood as an amount capable of providing a therapeutic effect, and which can be determined by the person skilled in the art by commonly used means.
- therapeutically effective amount of the nanospheres and/or microspheres of the invention is that capable of eliciting an immune response in the subject.
- the amount of nanospheres and/or microspheres of the invention that can be included in the pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention will vary depending on the subject and the particular mode of administration.
- dosages can also be determined with guidance from The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics by Goodman and Goldman, Ninth Edition (1996), Appendix II, pages 1707-1711 and The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics by Goodman and Goldman, Tenth Edition (2001), Appendix II, pp. 475-493.
- nanospheres and/or microspheres of the invention or immunogenic composition of the invention for use in the treatment and/or prevention of African horse sickness, hereinafter the second medical use of the invention, wherein the fusion proteins comprising the nanosphere are characterized by comprising at least one of: the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of the African horse sickness virus (AHSV); a protein with a functionally equivalent sequence to any of the above.
- NS1 non-structural protein 1
- AHSV African horse sickness virus
- AHSV African horse sickness virus
- AHSV African horse sickness virus
- AHSV is resistant to organic solvents and bile salts, but is sensitive to non-neutral pHs, heat and putrefaction. It has 9 serological types with common complement-fixing antigens, but with cross-protection only between 6 and 9.
- Variable virulence maximum in serotype 4, with mortality greater than 90%, and minimum in serotype 9, in which it ranges between 70 and 80%.
- AHSV causes an acute viral disease of the equine, transmitted by arthropods, with high mortality, seasonal presentation and acute febrile course, with cardiac and pulmonary symptoms, and edematous and hemorrhagic lesions.
- the AHSV nonstructural protein 1 comprises the sequence identified by accession number P87505 in the UniprotKB database (Entry version 49, December 14, 2022; sequence version 1, May 1, 1997).
- the causal agent is the Orbivirus AHSV, of the Reovihdae family, with a naked icosahedral virion of 60-80 nm, very similar to the agents of ovine Bluetongue or Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease of deer. It resists organic solvents and bile salts, but is sensitive to non-neutral pHs, heat and putrefaction. It can be cultivated in HeLa and BHK 21 cells and can be isolated from embryonated eggs and suckling mice. It has 9 serological types with common complement-fixing antigens, but with cross-protection only between 6 and 9. Variable virulence, maximum in serotype 4, with mortality greater than 90%, and minimum in serotype 9, in which it ranges between 70 and 80%.
- the expression “functionally equivalent sequence” refers to the fact that the variants of the AHSV NS1 protein fully or partially maintain their ability to function as immunogenic polypeptides, a term described above.
- Functionally equivalent variants of the NS1 protein include those that exhibit at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity to the sequences from which they are derived.
- the treatment is carried out on a subject, preferably a mammal and includes, among others, domestic and farm animals, primates and humans, for example, humans, non-human primates, cows, horses, pigs, sheep, goats, dogs, cats or rodents such as rats and mice.
- the second medical use of the invention comprises the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of the nanospheres and/or microspheres.
- the nanosphere is administered in the absence of an adjuvant.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to nanospheres and/or microspheres of the invention or pharmaceutical composition of the invention for use in the treatment and/or prevention of type 1 diabetes, hereinafter the third medical use of the invention, wherein the fusion protein comprising the nanosphere and/or microsphere is characterized by comprising the glucose-6-phosphatase 2 protein (IGRP) according to the sequence with accession number Q9NQR9 of the UniProt database, entry dated August 3, 2022, version 1 of the sequence.
- IGRP glucose-6-phosphatase 2 protein
- type 1 diabetes or “type I diabetes mellitus” or “juvenile diabetes” or “insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus” as used here refers to a metabolic disease characterized by selective destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas causing an absolute deficiency of insulin. It differs from type 2 diabetes in that it is a type of diabetes characterized by onset early in life, generally before age 30. Only 1 in 20 people with diabetes have type 1 diabetes, which occurs most frequently in young people and children. Type 1 diabetes is classified into autoimmune cases — the most common form — and idiopathic cases.
- type 1 diabetes as used here includes both classic type 1 diabetes, which is usually diagnosed before age 30 and requires insulin treatment from the time of diagnosis, and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, which is diagnosed after age 30 and usually does not require insulin treatment for 3-6 months after diagnosis.
- type 1 diabetes is autoimmune type 1 diabetes.
- autoimmune type 1 diabetes refers to an autoimmune disease in which there is a selective destruction of pancreatic B cells mediated by activated T lymphocytes in subjects with predisposing HLA haplotypes. After a preclinical period of variable duration, during which the patient remains asymptomatic, when the mass of insulin-producing cells reaches a critical value, the patient presents the classic symptoms: polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss and progressive ketosis that may end in ketoacidosis, if treatment with exogenous insulin is not started.
- type 1 diabetes is “latent autoimmune diabetes of adults” or “LADA”.
- “adult-onset” as used herein refers to a type of autoimmune diabetes that is diagnosed in adulthood, usually from the age of 30 years, in subjects who are positive for at least one autoantibody of those normally present in patients with classic type 1 diabetes, for example, anti-islet cell antibodies (ICA), anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), islet antigen-2 antibodies (IA-A2), or anti-insulin autoantibodies (IAA), and who do not require insulin treatment within the first 3 to 6 months after diagnosis.
- ICA anti-islet cell antibodies
- GADA anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies
- IA-A2 islet antigen-2 antibodies
- IAA anti-insulin autoantibodies
- the subject is a human being of any age or race.
- the subject is at risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
- a subject who is at risk of developing type 1 diabetes is an individual with a direct relative (brother/sister) with diagnosed type 1 diabetes and who also has multiple (>2) serum autoantibodies directed against pancreatic islets (ICA), anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GADA65), islet antigen 2 (IA-2) or the ZnT8 transporter (ZnT8).
- ICA pancreatic islets
- GADA65 anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65
- IA-2 islet antigen 2
- ZnT8 transporter ZnT8 transporter
- the third medical use of the invention comprises the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of the nanospheres and/or microspheres.
- the nanosphere and/or microsphere is administered in the absence of an adjuvant.
- the administration of the nanosphere and/or microsphere is by subcutaneous or intravenous route.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for inducing type 1 diabetes in an animal model, hereinafter method V of the invention, which comprises administering to an animal an effective amount of the nanosphere and/or microsphere of the invention, wherein the fusion protein comprising the nanosphere and/or microsphere is characterized by comprising the glucose-6-phosphatase 2 protein (IGRP).
- IGRP glucose-6-phosphatase 2 protein
- the glucose-6-phosphatase 2 protein (IGRP) has the sequence with the accession number Q9NQR9 of the UniProt database, entry dated August 3, 2022, version 1 of the sequence.
- the IGRP protein is capable of inducing diabetes when administered to a mouse in the form of a DNA vaccine (Fuchs et al., Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2014, 176: 199-206).
- functionally equivalent variants of the IGRP protein retain the diabetes-inducing capacity of the IGRP protein from which they are derived.
- the capacity of a protein to induce diabetes in an animal model can be determined by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, by determining glucose levels in urine or blood. For example, Fuchs et al. (supra) considered that diabetes exists in the mouse model when two consecutive measurements of glucose levels in urine of more than 5.5 mmol/L or in blood of more than 13.9 mmol/L are obtained.
- the IGRP protein has glucose-6-phosphatase activity, that is, it is capable of catalyzing the dephosphorylation of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose.
- the functionally equivalent variants of the IGRP protein retain the phosphatase activity of the IGRP protein from which they are derived.
- the glucose-6-phosphatase activity can be determined by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, methods based on the detection of inorganic phosphate in aqueous solutions, such as the malachite green method (Petrolonis et al., supra), or methods based on the detection of glucose-6-phosphate, such as methods based on the glucose oxidase/peroxidase system (Mao, H., et al., Anal. Chem. 2002, 74, 379-385).
- the method comprises administering to an animal an effective amount of the nanosphere and/or microsphere of the invention.
- an effective amount refers to the amount of nanospheres and/or microspheres that leads to the subject to whom the nanosphere and/or microsphere is administered being considered to have diabetes.
- administration is done subcutaneously or intramuscularly.
- the nanosphere and/or microsphere is administered together with an adjuvant.
- HA hemagglutinin
- the muNS-M ⁇ sequence was obtained by PCR amplification from plasmid pCIneo- muNS (488-635) (Brandariz-Nu ⁇ ez et al. A 2010, PLoS ONE 5(11) e13785) using as positive primer 5'- CATGCCATGGCACCAGCCGTACTGCTGTC-3' (underlined the Ncol target and doubly underlined the initiator ATG) (SEQ ID NO: 27) and as negative primer 5'- TTGCGGCCGCAATCAGCCGGTTTCCGGCAGCAGATCATCCACC -3' (underlined the Notl target and doubly underlined the stop codon) (SEQ ID NO: 28) was used, which contains the sortase motif sequence followed by a stop codon.
- the amplified product was inserted into the first polylinker of the pET Duetl plasmid to generate the pET Duetl-M ⁇ ST plasmid.
- the correctness of its sequence and the presence of the sortase motif were confirmed by Sanger sequencing.
- the sequence of the phenylalanine ammonium lyase from Anabaena vaiabilis (AvPAL) tagged with IC at its N-terminus was obtained by restriction enzyme digestion of the pET Duetl-muNS-Mi/2-IC-AvPAL plasmid previously obtained in our laboratory (own unpublished results) and inserted into the second polylinker of the pET Duetl-MiST plasmid to obtain the pET Duetl-MiST/2-IC-AvPAL plasmid. The correctness of the sequence was confirmed by Sanger sequencing.
- Competent bacteria BL21 (DE3) were transformed with the pET Duetl -MiST plasmid and protein expression was induced by incubation at 37°C for 3 hours in the presence of 1 mM IPTG.
- total bacterial extracts were analyzed by SDS-PAGE, the presence of a strong protein band with the apparent MW of MiST in the gel was observed.
- the published protocol for the purification of the NSs was then followed (Barreiro-Pi ⁇ eiro, N. et al. 2018, Scientific Reports 8, 16286) resulting in the purified material shown in lane 3 of Figure 1 , indicating the correct formation of the NSs.
- the NSs were observed under the optical microscope and also characterized by DLS as particles with an average diameter of about 460 nm.
- the non-induced and IPTG-induced bacteria were precipitated, fixed and analyzed by TEM.
- the image in Figure 1 b shows the presence of the typical muNS-derived NSs within the induced bacteria, which were not present in the non-transformed ones (not shown).
- the next step was to test whether the MiST-formed NSs are able to react with a polyG-containing compound catalyzed by sortase A.
- Sortase 5A SiMPLe Protein Labeling Kit, BPS Bioscience
- the fluorescent substrate AZDye 488-Gly-Gly-Gly Click Chemistry Tools, formula in Figure 2a
- muNS-M ⁇ NSs or purified MiST NSs were incubated at room temperature overnight with the substrate in the presence of sortase A. After incubation, both samples were dialyzed to remove excess substrate and then observed under a fluorescence microscope.
- both NS preparations were subjected to SDS-PAGE and the unstained and unfixed gel was observed under UV light, showing a strong and clear fluorescent band corresponding to the molecular weight of MiST ( Figure 2b, lane 4), while no fluorescent labeling appeared either in the lane corresponding to muNS-M ⁇ ( Figure 2b, lane 3), or in any case when the sortase and the fluorescent substrate were absent ( Figure 2b, lanes 1 and 2).
- the presence, quantity and identity of both proteins was also confirmed in parallel by Western-blot analysis using an anti-muNS antibody (Figure 2c).
- the next step was to test whether this new construct was also able to capture IC-tagged proteins such as native muNS-M ⁇ .
- the pET plasmid Duet1-M ⁇ ST/IC-AvPAL was constructed. It drives the simultaneous expression of MiST (from polylinker 1) and IC-AvPAL from polylinker 2. After IPTG induction in BL21(DE3) bacteria, bands corresponding to the molecular weights of AvPAL and MiST were apparent in the stained gel ( Figure 3, compare lanes 1 and 2).
- MiST a new modified version of muNS-M ⁇ has been developed, which was named MiST, which carries a sortase A target sequence at its C-terminus.
- MiST remains capable of forming NSs that capture IC-tagged proteins, thus mimicking muNS-M ⁇ in the IC-Tagging system.
- MiST-formed NSs can be further modified with compounds possessing an N-terminal polyglycine moiety (at least 3xGly) by incubation with sortase A.
- This new version of muNS greatly increases the versatility of the previously characterized IC labeling methodology, as virtually any compound can be added to the surface of already formed spheres.
- the muNS-M ⁇ sequence was obtained by PCR amplification from plasmid pCIneo-muNS (488-635) (Brandariz-Nu ⁇ ez et al, 2010 J. Virol. 84: 4289 - 4301) using 5'- CATGCCATGGCACCAGCCGTACTGCTGTC-3' (SEQ ID NO: 36) as forward primer.
- the reverse primer was 5'-
- the sequence of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (AvPAL) of Anabaena variabais marked with IC at its N-terminal end was obtained by digestion with the restriction enzymes Ndel and Bglll of the plasmid pETDuetl . muNS-M ⁇ 2.IC- AvPAL obtained previously in our laboratory (unpublished results) and inserted into the second poly-linker of plasmid pETDuet1.G4S-M ⁇ ST to obtain plasmid pETDuetl.G4S-M ⁇ ST/IC- AvPAL. The correctness of the sequence was confirmed by Sanger sequencing.
- FIGS 5 to 8 describe the expression and purification for both the “normal” (MiST) and the linker (G4S-M ⁇ ST) versions, as well as for the respective versions loaded with the IC-labeled AvPAL enzyme.
- the expression and purification methods of the new G4S-M ⁇ ST versions are the same as those of MiST.
- the NS samples shown in Figure 9 were electrophoresed under semi-denaturing conditions to preserve the GFP fluorescence capacity.
- Figure 10 shows, MiST (lanes 2 and 3) and G4S-MIST (lanes 4 and 5), either alone (2 and 4) or loaded with AvPAL (3 and 5), bind covalently to glycine-containing GFP after the sortase reaction, as the appearance of extra bands corresponding to the size of the product of the eGFP and MiST binding can be observed.
- a second, larger extra band is also evident (it could correspond to some kind of dimer resulting from the reaction).
- both constructs were clear in the gels analyzed in Figure 12. Although the expression of the version containing the TEV sequence is better than that of 3 Gly, we proceeded with the characterization of both versions. First, we proceeded to their purification, following the protocol previously described for the nanospheres produced with IC-Tagging and MiSt-IC. As shown in Figure 13A, both versions were easily purified with the standard protocol, indicating a similar behavior to the muNS-M ⁇ or MiST versions.
- both versions were also susceptible to sortase modification, since when incubated with the fluorescent substrate 5-FAM-LPETG (SEQ ID NO: 23) (with LPETG being the sortase motif) they were covalently labeled with the fluorescent compound, only when sortase A was included in the reaction. Furthermore, for TEV-3G-MIST, a TEV digestion must be performed prior to the sortase reaction to leave the 3G motif available at its N-terminus, as evident from the results shown in Figure 13B.
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| CN202480026351.1A CN121002045A (zh) | 2023-03-03 | 2024-03-01 | 能够形成微球的muNS融合蛋白及其用途 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0366412A2 (en) | 1988-10-28 | 1990-05-02 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Graft polymers of functionalized ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer with polypropylene, methods of preparation, and use in polypropylene compositions |
| WO2011098652A1 (es) | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | Universidade De Santiago De Compostela | APLICACIONES DE LA PROTEÍNA muNS Y SUS DERIVADOS |
| WO2014175690A1 (ko) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-10-30 | (재) 스크립스코리아 항체연구원 | 자가 절단 카세트를 포함하는 단백질 정제방법 및 이의 용도 |
| WO2016046431A1 (es) * | 2014-09-22 | 2016-03-31 | Universidade De Santiago De Compostela | PROTEÍNA muNS CAPAZ DE FORMAR INCLUSIONES EN EL RETÍCULO ENDOPLASMÁTICO, MÉTODOS DE USO Y USOS DE LA MISMA |
| WO2019197697A1 (es) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-10-17 | Universidade De Santiago De Compostela | Método de producción de la proteína glucosa-6-fosfatasa 2 |
-
2023
- 2023-03-03 ES ES202330185A patent/ES2980877B2/es active Active
-
2024
- 2024-03-01 CN CN202480026351.1A patent/CN121002045A/zh active Pending
- 2024-03-01 WO PCT/ES2024/070125 patent/WO2024184565A1/es not_active Ceased
- 2024-03-01 EP EP24766558.1A patent/EP4678653A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0366412A2 (en) | 1988-10-28 | 1990-05-02 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Graft polymers of functionalized ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer with polypropylene, methods of preparation, and use in polypropylene compositions |
| WO2011098652A1 (es) | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | Universidade De Santiago De Compostela | APLICACIONES DE LA PROTEÍNA muNS Y SUS DERIVADOS |
| WO2014175690A1 (ko) * | 2013-04-25 | 2014-10-30 | (재) 스크립스코리아 항체연구원 | 자가 절단 카세트를 포함하는 단백질 정제방법 및 이의 용도 |
| WO2016046431A1 (es) * | 2014-09-22 | 2016-03-31 | Universidade De Santiago De Compostela | PROTEÍNA muNS CAPAZ DE FORMAR INCLUSIONES EN EL RETÍCULO ENDOPLASMÁTICO, MÉTODOS DE USO Y USOS DE LA MISMA |
| WO2019197697A1 (es) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-10-17 | Universidade De Santiago De Compostela | Método de producción de la proteína glucosa-6-fosfatasa 2 |
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| "Goldman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", 1996, pages: 1707 - 1711 |
| "NCBI", Database accession no. ABP48918 |
| "Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences", 1995, MACK PUBLISHING COMPANY |
| "UniProt", Database accession no. Q9NQR9 |
| "UniprotKB", Database accession no. P87505 |
| ALTSCHUL, S. ET AL., J. MOL BIOL, vol. 215, 1990, pages 403 - 410 |
| BARREIRO-PIHEIRO, N. ET AL., SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 8, 2018, pages 16286 |
| BECKER, M. M. ET AL., J. VIROL., vol. 77, 2003, pages 5948 - 5963 |
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| FUCHS ET AL., CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY, vol. 176, 2014, pages 199 - 206 |
| GOODMANGOLDMAN: "The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", 2001, pages: 475 - 493 |
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| MILLER ET AL., MOL CELL PROTEOMICS, vol. 6, 2007, pages 1027 - 1038 |
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| SCHMITZ ET AL., NAT METHODS, vol. 6, 2009, pages 500 - 2 |
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| TOURIS-OTERO ET AL., VIROLOGY, vol. 319, pages 94 - 1069 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4678653A1 (en) | 2026-01-14 |
| ES2980877A1 (es) | 2024-10-03 |
| CN121002045A (zh) | 2025-11-21 |
| ES2980877B2 (es) | 2025-02-20 |
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