WO2024200412A1 - Verfahren zum steuern eines lasthandling-krans sowie lasthandling-kran - Google Patents
Verfahren zum steuern eines lasthandling-krans sowie lasthandling-kran Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024200412A1 WO2024200412A1 PCT/EP2024/058065 EP2024058065W WO2024200412A1 WO 2024200412 A1 WO2024200412 A1 WO 2024200412A1 EP 2024058065 W EP2024058065 W EP 2024058065W WO 2024200412 A1 WO2024200412 A1 WO 2024200412A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- crane
- travel
- load
- position data
- drive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/48—Automatic control of crane drives for producing a single or repeated working cycle; Program control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/40—Applications of devices for transmitting control pulses; Applications of remote control devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
- B66C13/46—Position indicators for suspended loads or for crane elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling a load handling crane according to the preamble of claim 1 and a load handling crane according to the preamble of claim 10.
- Cranes are generally used to lift and lower loads at different locations within the respective crane working area.
- a crane hoist is moved in a generally horizontal travel plane (x-y plane) using its travel drives (crane drive and trolley drive), provided that an operator generates the corresponding control commands for the respective travel drive by operating a handling device on the crane, for example designed as a control switch, and thus triggers the corresponding crane movements and thus controls the crane.
- control switches have control elements as an interface between an operator and the crane that can be operated by an operator in order to generate the respective control commands for the respective travel drive and a lifting drive for the crane or hoist.
- control switches or the operating elements are connected to one another in a signal-transmitting manner in order to be able to control the drives using the control commands and not only to generate the control commands, but also to transmit them for the purpose of converting them into the corresponding movement.
- the control switch can be designed as a remote control for wireless signal transmission or as a pendant control switch for wired signal transmission, which is suspended from a signal transmission cable, also known as a control line.
- a handling device in the form of the control switch is provided outside the so-called load line and thus outside the lifting and lowering support means of the crane or its hoist
- a handling device optionally designed as a control switch
- the load-carrying device can In this case, it must also be attached to the load-bearing means exclusively via the handling device, so that the handling device is load-bearing and is thus attached to the load-bearing means as part of the load line.
- attaching the handling device to the load-bearing means or load line enables an operator to actuate or manipulate the handling device one-handedly and at the same time with the same hand to trigger control commands for the crane or its drives, as well as manually dampen pendulum movements of the load-bearing means and any load attached to the load-handling means and to guide the load.
- a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a load handling crane according to the preamble of claim 10 are known from WO 2019/077054 A1.
- This document mentions generic load handling cranes that can be controlled by using a sensor to determine the deflection direction of the support means relative to the direction of gravitational force or by determining the orientation of the control switch attached to the support means in the form of an angle of rotation using a rotation angle sensor integrated in the control switch and interpreting each as the desired direction of travel of the hoist, so that control commands for the travel drive of the crane are generated and converted by the travel drive into a movement of the hoist in a direction of travel corresponding to the deflection direction of the support means or the angle of rotation of the control switch. It is also known from this document to measure distinguishable reference points to determine the orientation, which are defined, for example, in the form of light sources on the support means or on the handling device of the crane.
- Optical detection of marking elements is known from DE 202012 012 116 U1 in relation to a tower crane and from EP 3 323 767 A1 in relation to a mobile crane.
- the present invention is based on the object of To increase the efficiency and ergonomics of a generic method for controlling a load handling crane as well as a corresponding load handling crane in load handling operation.
- a method for controlling a load handling crane is now improved, to the support means of which a handling device for an operator is attached, wherein position data of at least one part attached to the support means, i.e. attached, is determined using a sensor system, and a control unit is connected to the sensor system in a signal-transmitting manner and is set up to specify a direction of travel, in particular in the sense of a direction setpoint, for a control command generated by the control unit for at least one travel drive, in particular a trolley drive and/or crane drive, of the crane, depending on the position data determined by the sensor system.
- the load-bearing means can be part of a crane hoist, which has a lifting drive for raising and lowering the load-bearing means including any load hanging on it and can be moved via the crane trolley along a crane girder in a trolley travel direction (y direction) on a preferably horizontal travel plane.
- the crane trolley can be provided with the trolley drive for this purpose.
- the crane drive can be used to move the crane girder together with the crane trolley carrying the hoist in a crane travel direction (x direction) that is perpendicular to the trolley travel direction.
- the hoist can thus be moved independently of one another in the crane travel direction (x direction) and/or the trolley travel direction (y direction) and thus on the travel plane formed thereby (x-y plane).
- the crane travel direction or trolley travel direction as a whole, either individually or in combination by superimposing them, result in the resulting travel direction of the crane and in particular its hoist in or parallel to the travel plane.
- the attachment of the handling device to a vehicle that is hanging section of the support means, in particular at its free end, preferably takes place above a load-carrying device suspended from the support means.
- an operator can manually guide, rotate and align the support means and any load hanging on it, in particular with one hand and at the same time with the same hand, and manually dampen pendulum movements of the support means and the load.
- the support means itself can be rigid, for example as a telescopic rod, or flexible, for example as a rope or chain.
- the handling device, in particular its housing is designed to be arranged and attached to the support means in a load-bearing manner between the section of the support means and the load-carrying means.
- the handling device like the load-carrying means, becomes a part of the load line of the hoist that extends the support means, through which load forces emanating from a load attached to the load-carrying means are introduced into the support means via the handling device, in particular its housing.
- the load-carrying means can be attached and suspended to the handling device, in particular its housing, and thus to the support means via the handling device.
- a simple change between different load-carrying means such as load hooks, grippers, etc. can be made possible by forming a receptacle on the handling device or its housing for the detachable attachment of the respective load-carrying means.
- the handling device and in particular its housing can therefore be designed and connectable to the load-handling device in such a way that a movement and in particular deflection and/or rotation of the handling device causes a similar, in particular equal, movement of at least the load-handling device, possibly including any load attached thereto, and vice versa.
- the improvement according to the invention of the method for controlling such a load handling crane is now achieved in that at least one, in particular optical, marking element, which has at least one predefined, in particular unique, identification feature, is attached to the support means, in particular to the handling device, and for determining the position data from the Sensor technology that detects at least one marking element and that at least one predefined, in particular unique, identification feature of the respectively detected marking element is evaluated, preferably also by the sensor technology and/or the control unit.
- the marking element(s) are each attached at predefined positions in order to be able to determine unique location data, because the marking element(s) and their at least one predefined, in particular unique, identification feature clearly mark and thus define, for example, a front and/or back and/or left side and/or right side.
- the respective marking element thus serves as an orientation mark and/or position indicator.
- the measurement of reference points or marking elements without an identification feature does not allow for a clear determination of orientation or position, since the recognition of two marking elements, for example, does not make it clear which of the two is at the front or back or right or left.
- the targeted provision and/or evaluation of an identification feature now makes it possible to clearly identify each marking element and thus does more than just differentiate between reference points numerically and measure them.
- the at least one marking element is a passive marking element, preferably in the form of a 2D code, which in particular contains the identification feature(s), in particular unique identification features.
- the at least one marking element can also be an active marking element, which in particular actively sends the identification feature(s), in particular unique identification features, to the sensor system and is received by it.
- the active marking element is then preferably designed as a transmitter emitting electromagnetic radiation, in particular infrared radiation, for example as an IR diode. Lasers or other light sources can also be used as active marking elements.
- the at least one predefined, in particular unique, identification feature can be integrated into the respective marking element when generating such a marking element, in particular when creating passive marking elements such as 2D codes.
- the at least one predefined identification feature can also be or include an inherent property of the respective marking element, for example a wavelength or a wavelength range in the case of an active marking element in the above sense.
- the at least one marking element can therefore in particular be codeable.
- the at least one part attached to the support means, the position data of which is determined using the sensor system is therefore one or more marking elements.
- Passive marking elements in particular such as 2D codes, can be attached particularly easily in the form of or by means of a sticker.
- the part attached to the support means, the position data of which is determined within the scope of the method according to the invention, is therefore different from any load hanging on the support means.
- the orientation or position determined from the position data can therefore also be different from the orientation or position of the load, for example if a rotating element is provided between the at least one marking element and the load.
- the position data contain or represent a position of the respective marking element attached to the support means and thus suspended like a pendulum in the form of a direction, in particular alignment, and/or position as well as their respective changes and thus also corresponding movements and directions of movement.
- the determined position data of the respective marking element represent, for example, deflections and associated deflection directions and/or deflection angles relative to an imaginary vertical axis when moving out of the gravity-driven rest position.
- the position data which depict the corresponding positions or position changes are each determined at least relative to the travel plane (xy plane) of the hoist or crane, in particular in relation to the crane travel direction (x direction) and the trolley travel direction (y direction), the respective coordinates, optionally also in relation to a z direction.
- the determination of the position data can also include first determining a reference position, in particular a predefined position of the marking element at least in relation to the xy plane, whereby the position of the sensors relative to this is also known.
- the handling device in particular can be gripped and guided particularly precisely by the operator and thus its position can be influenced in accordance with a desired direction of travel, depending on the type of crane, it is advisable to attach the respective marking element to the handling device, preferably its housing and in particular its preferably flat and ring-shaped upper side of the housing, so that any changes in the position of the marking element take place uniformly.
- a holding part is provided which is connected to the handling device in a rotationally fixed manner and which is preferably flat and ring-shaped in design in order to attach the at least one marking element above the upper side of the housing.
- Each marking element represents or defines at least one absolute reference point, which can be reliably and unambiguously detected by the sensors when determining the position data and can subsequently be evaluated by the sensors and/or the control unit, in particular as unique position information. It is also conceivable that a marking element not only serves as an optical marking of a reference point, but also contains sufficient data on its own to be able to determine clear position data, at least in relation to or in coordinates of the travel plane (xy plane). Such data can, for example, represent at least two reference points that are clearly defined in their position relative to one another, in particular immobile relative to one another, or a type of direction vector. For a particularly reliable and clear determination of the position data, several marking elements can also be provided in the sense of redundancy.
- each marking element is specifically created or selected before being attached in such a way that it contains at least one predefined and, in particular, unique identification feature, which is evaluated by the sensors and/or control unit to determine the position data and which, in particular in the case of several marking elements, ensures that they can be distinguished.
- the sensor system has at least one optical sensor, preferably at least one camera, and the at least one optical sensor is preferably attached above the at least one marking element on the crane, preferably on the hoist.
- the optical sensor can thus be moved together with the hoist by means of the travel drive, whereby the respective marking element remains in the detection range of the sensor system, in particular below the sensor system, and thus in a detection range of the sensor system extending in the direction of the handling device, during each crane movement.
- the determination of the location data is preferably carried out with the aid of a computer, in particular with the involvement of suitable software in order to be able to evaluate the data contained in the detected marking element, in particular the identification feature(s) of the respective marking element.
- a 2D code is used as a marking element, this can advantageously be a so-called AprilTag.
- AprilTags contain For example, compared to QR codes, they contain less data and/or a smaller number of pixels, which enables faster evaluation and determination of location data, especially in real time.
- the respective operator can manually influence the position of at least one marking element, which is reflected in the determined position data and thus affects the specification of the direction of travel for the control command of the travel drive.
- the operator can influence the position of the marking element by deflecting the support means, the handling device attached to it and/or any load itself, since this is attached to one of the aforementioned parts and thus directly or indirectly to the support means.
- Deflection can be brought about, for example, by pulling or pushing on at least one of the aforementioned parts.
- rotation about an axis of rotation is also possible, which can coincide with the imaginary vertical axis, particularly in the gravity-driven rest position. This results in a steering function of the load handling crane that is comparable to turning a bicycle handlebar or steering wheel.
- the position of the at least one marking element can thus be manipulated in a uniform manner in accordance with the movement or change in position of the part to which the respective marking element is attached, manually induced by the operator.
- the position data determined in this way are used to interpret the direction of travel desired by the operator, by specifying and/or changing the direction of travel for the control command to control the respective travel drive on the basis of the position data determined.
- This can be done, for example, in such a way that the specified direction of travel corresponds to the determined direction of movement of the marking element in relation to the xy plane, i.e. in x and y coordinates, which results when the support means is deflected from the gravity-driven rest position, in particular relative to the imaginary vertical axis.
- a predefined or fixed straight-ahead direction assigned to the respective marking element can be achieved by turning it accordingly. around the axis of rotation is aligned to the desired direction of travel.
- the operator can thus control the direction of travel intuitively without having to press a dedicated direction button.
- Unintentional travel movements of the crane can advantageously be prevented by generating the control command for the respective travel drive and/or converting it into a travel movement of the crane only, in particular only and/or as long as a hand detection sensor of the handling device detects at least the presence of an operator.
- a hand detection sensor of the handling device detects at least the presence of an operator.
- the hand detection sensor can have, for example, a capacitive touch sensor or an optical sensor, in particular a reflex or light barrier, but also a button, in particular an electromechanical one. In the case of such a button, its continuous operation may also be required and not just the presence of an operator or the contact of a hand.
- the direction of travel for the control command is specified and/or changed by a change in the position of the respective detected marking element and the position data determined for this purpose, and thus also depending on this position data, in particular as a result of a movement of the support means and/or the handling device, and thus of the respective marking element attached to it.
- the above-mentioned position changes can be recorded via the respective detected marking element and corresponding position data reflecting or representing the position change can be determined.
- a position change must take place in order to specify the direction of travel for the control command and optionally also to generate the control command with this direction of travel through this position change, for example in connection with the "deflection" operating mode described in more detail below.
- the direction of travel for the A control command is given by operating a control element of the crane, in particular a control element must be operated to specify the direction of travel.
- the operating element is preferably designed as a mechanically actuated, in particular spring-loaded, operating element, preferably in the form of a joystick.
- an operating element can also be provided which is designed as a button, for example a push button or toggle button.
- the respective operating element is preferably arranged on the handling device and in particular on its housing, whereby this is then designed as a control switch.
- control elements can also be provided, in particular buttons in pairs or a joystick for each travel drive (crane drive or trolley drive) or lifting drive, in order to specify opposite directions of movement of the respective drive in the sense of forward travel and reverse travel or in the sense of lifting and lowering movements.
- Control commands for the travel drive with a correspondingly specified direction of travel can also be generated by operating the respective control element. If it is therefore necessary to operate a control element to generate the control command, the direction of travel can be specified and the associated control command, optionally including the specification of a speed setpoint, can be triggered by operating the same control element, for example with the same operation, one operation each or via dedicated operation levels.
- Separate control elements for generating the control command and specifying the direction of travel and optionally a speed setpoint are also conceivable.
- the sensor system continuously determines the position data, i.e. also continuously maps or reflects position changes, and interacts with the control unit in such a way that the specified direction of travel is continuously changed during the movement of the crane or its respective travel drive depending on the determined position data, in particular during the ongoing travel movement(s) and without stopping the travel drive (“on the fly”).
- the specified direction of travel is only continuously changed if the control element to be actuated to specify the direction of travel is continuously actuated and, during this time, position data are determined which reflect a change in position, in particular in the direction or orientation, of the at least one marking element.
- control command for the respective travel drive is generated according to an operating mode “deflection” of the crane by a change in position of the at least one detected marking element and the position data determined for this purpose, wherein preferably also a speed setpoint for the corresponding Travel drive is specified and/or changed, which is also dependent on the position data determined for the change in position, in particular on the dimension or amount of a deflection angle or a movement amplitude in the direction of a crane travel direction and/or trolley travel direction, i.e. in particular in relation to the xy plane.
- the position changes of the marker element detected in each case can be recorded, in particular in the form mentioned above, and corresponding position data reflecting or representing the position change can be determined in order to subsequently generate the control command for the respective travel drive, in particular without having to operate a control element of the crane, as is provided for example for the "rotation" operating mode described below.
- a position change it can then be sufficient, for example, to pull or push the handling device or the control switch in the desired direction of travel and thereby cause a pure deflection of the marker element, in particular without a rotation in the above sense having to take place.
- predefined position data must be determined in order to generate the control command, which, for example, correspond to such a deflection. It can also be provided that no control command is generated when predefined position data is determined, for example in the case of position data that only depicts a deflection-free rotation in the above sense.
- This respective change in position for generating the control command can therefore coincide with the change in position for specifying and/or changing the direction of travel, so that as a result of the same movement or change in position both the direction of travel is specified and/or changed and the control command with the corresponding specified direction of travel, optionally including specification of a speed target value, is generated and in particular converted into a corresponding travel movement of the crane.
- control commands for all directions of movement of the travel plane can be implemented with a handling device without a control element for the respective travel drive, since only the corresponding Changes in the position of at least one marking element must be caused and detected or recorded.
- the control command for the respective travel drive is generated according to a "rotation" operating mode of the crane by actuating an operating element of the crane, in particular the handling device, which is thus optionally designed as a control switch.
- the control command as such can thus be generated in particular without additionally causing a change in the position of the at least one marking element or determining corresponding position data for this, in particular before actuating the operating element, wherein preferably a speed target value for the travel drive is also specified by actuating the operating element.
- the actuation path of the operating element can be used as a measure for specifying the speed target value, wherein the actuation path and thus also the speed target values can be specified continuously or in stages.
- control element In connection with the "rotate" operating mode, it can be provided that the control element must be actuated in order to generate the control command for the respective travel drive, for which the direction of travel is then specified depending on unchanged position data, in particular an unchanged orientation or an unchanged angle of rotation. It can also be provided that a control command is also generated by actuating the control element if position data is determined that is not sufficient to generate a control command in the "deflection" operating mode, for example position data that only corresponds to a deflection-free rotation in the above sense.
- control element With regard to the control element, the statements on the control element for specifying the direction of travel apply analogously. This can be the same control element, in particular the same joystick or the same button, as the control element to be operated to specify the direction of travel and optionally the speed setpoint. The operation to generate the control command for the drive and to specify the direction of travel and optionally a speed setpoint can therefore coincide.
- control elements for generating the control command and specifying the direction of travel and optionally a speed setpoint are conceivable.
- control commands for all directions of movement of the travel plane can be implemented in a minimum configuration for the "rotate" operating mode with a single control element, since this only requires corresponding changes in the position of at least one marking element, whereby deflection-free rotations in the above sense are sufficient and tiring movement out of the gravity-driven rest position for a deflection is not necessary in order to specify the respective directions of travel for the control commands then generated by actuating the control element using correspondingly determined position data.
- a deflection-free 180° rotation of the marking element around the imaginary vertical axis can be effected between two actuations of the control element in order to generate a control command with the opposite direction of travel by actuating the control element for the travel drive a second time.
- the method can be designed in such a way that the "rotate" operating mode and/or the “deflection” operating mode are each activated exclusively for predefined applications, which can be defined in particular by parameterization or by predefined load ranges, wherein the "rotate" operating mode can preferably be activated in the sense of a heavy-duty travel function for loads above a predefined load value and the "deflection" operating mode can preferably be activated in the sense of a light-duty travel function for loads below the predefined load value.
- a load sensor system of the crane in particular of the hoist, can then be used, which determines the current load.
- a load sensor can be arranged in the load line, in particular on the support means itself or in or on the housing of the handling device.
- the current load can also be determined from operating data of the hoist, for example a motor current.
- the control unit can be arranged at least partially on or in the handling device and in particular within its housing.
- the control unit can also be used to control the lifting drive of the hoist by operating a corresponding control element on the handling device, which is thus designed as a control switch.
- the control unit can also be arranged at least partially outside the handling device.
- the control unit can therefore also be divided, for example so that a part of the control unit serving to control the trolley drive for movement in the trolley travel direction is arranged as a trolley control on the crane trolley and a part of the control unit serving to control the crane drive for movement in the crane travel direction is arranged as a crane control outside the crane trolley on the crane girder or at least one of the crane chassis.
- the trolley control can then also control the lifting drive.
- the components required for carrying out the method according to the invention and its optional embodiments, such as the control unit or its parts, the sensors for determining the position data, and the optional components such as the operating element(s) of the handling device then designed as a control switch, hand recognition sensor and load sensor are each set up for a signal-transmitting connection with one another and are at least partially connected to one another. This ensures the transmission of signals that correspond at least to the determined position data, the specified target values, in particular the travel directions and/or speed target values specified as target values for the travel drive and lifting drive, between the components involved.
- the signal transmission between the aforementioned components can take place wirelessly, for example by radio or infrared, or wired via corresponding signal transmission cables, in particular control lines.
- the handling device has a rotary element as an alternative to a rotationally fixed attachment to the support means.
- the handling device can be rotated relative to the support means and about the imaginary vertical axis or its own axis of rotation, in particular the longitudinal axis, is rotatably attached to the support means in order to prevent torsion of the support means and the resulting reverse torque.
- the rotating element can, for example, have rolling elements, in particular an axial bearing designed as a roller bearing.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a load handling crane according to the invention in a schematic representation
- Figure 2a is a view of a handling device of the crane from Figure 1
- Figure 2b is a view of an alternative handling device for the crane of Figure 1 and
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of control components of the crane from Figure 1 .
- FIG. 1 shows a load handling crane 1 according to the invention in a perspective view.
- the crane 1 is shown as an example as a single-girder bridge crane with a crane girder 2 designed as a lattice girder.
- the crane 1 can be moved in a crane travel direction x on rails (not shown) by means of crane carriages 5, 6, which are attached to opposite ends 3, 4 of the crane girder 2 forming a crane bridge.
- the rails are usually arranged high up from a floor and can be elevated for this purpose, for example, via a suitable supporting structure or attached to opposite building walls and/or to a building ceiling, which then serve as a supporting structure.
- the crane 1 can be designed as a suspended crane.
- both the rails and the crane girder 2 can be formed from rail profiles which generally have a C-shaped cross-section which is open downwards in their installation position.
- the crane bridge formed by the crane girder 2 is then suspended via the crane undercarriages 5, 6 on the rails which are suspended, for example, from a building ceiling serving as a supporting structure, whereby the crane undercarriages 5, 6 are introduced into the rail profiles from below and can travel within the rail profiles on crane tracks formed there.
- the following statements on the present crane 1 apply accordingly to a load handling crane designed as a suspended crane.
- the crane girder 2 extends with its longitudinal extension LE horizontally and transversely, in particular at right angles, to the crane travel direction x.
- the crane 1 or its crane girder 2 can be moved in the crane travel direction x via the crane carriages 5, 6 driven by a motorized crane drive.
- the crane drive preferably comprises one for each of the two crane carriages 5, 6. Electric motor 5a or 6a.
- a crane trolley 7 with a hoist 8 is arranged on the crane girder 2, which can be moved along the crane girder 2 along its longitudinal extent LE and thus transversely, in particular at right angles, to the crane travel direction x in a trolley travel direction y by means of its trolley undercarriage 7a driven by a motorized trolley drive.
- the trolley drive preferably also comprises an electric motor.
- the crane trolley 7 with its trolley undercarriage 7a can be moved within the crane rail 2 on a trolley track there in the same way as the crane undercarriages 5, 6 within the respective rail on the crane track.
- the travel drives of the crane 1 therefore comprise the carriages 5, 6 and 7a and their motorized drives.
- the crane trolley 7 and thus the hoist 8 can be motorized in a direction of travel on and parallel to a preferably horizontal travel plane E.
- the direction of travel therefore corresponds to the crane travel direction x or the trolley travel direction y or their superposition.
- a flexible and strand-shaped support means 9 of the hoist 8 or its section hanging down from the travel plane E and a load-carrying means 9a attached to it and thus suspended with a load L possibly attached to the load-carrying means 9a can be raised or lowered via a lifting drive of the hoist 8, which is motorized in particular by means of an electric motor.
- the support means 9 can also be designed as a chain as shown in Figures 2a and 2b, so that the hoist 8 is then designed as a chain hoist rather than a cable hoist.
- the load-carrying means 9a comprises, for example, a load hook and is attached and suspended from the support means 9 and thus on the load strand, in particular via a handling device 10 in the load strand that is attached to the support means 9 in a load-bearing manner.
- the crane 1 is therefore designed as a load-handling crane 1 in the sense defined at the beginning.
- the load-bearing connection between the load-carrying means 9a and the handling device 10 for fastening the load-carrying means 9a to the support means is preferably a rotationally fixed connection in order to move a load L particularly precisely by appropriate manipulation of the handling device 10. and thus to be able to handle it.
- a handle 15 is arranged on a housing 12 of the handling device 10, which can be grasped by the respective operator 13 with one hand 13a in order to be able to guide and align the support means 9 and thus the load strand including any load L and to dampen any pendulum movements thereof using appropriate manual force.
- the other hand 13b of the operator 13 can be in direct contact with the load L and support the guiding and aligning or dampening, so that both hands 13a, 13b are available for this purpose, as is typical for load handling cranes.
- the handling device 10 for operating the crane 1 is provided with an operating element 16 designed, for example, as a joystick (see Figure 2a) and is thus designed as a control switch.
- the crane 1 also comprises a control unit 11, which is connected in terms of control technology and in particular in terms of signal transmission both to the handling device 10 or its operating element 16 and to the travel drives and the lifting drive of the crane 1.
- the control unit 11 When an operator 13 simultaneously operates the operating element 16, in particular with the hand 13a grasping the handle 15, the control unit 11 generates corresponding control commands for controlling the drives or their electric motors, in particular independently of one another, so that the crane 1 can be operated via this and the associated crane movements, in particular driving maneuvers on the driving plane E and lifting and lowering movements of the support means 9 perpendicular to this, can be effected.
- the control unit 11 can be physically and/or functionally divided, so that a part 11a of the control unit 11 serving to control the trolley drive and in particular also the lifting drive is arranged as a trolley control on the crane trolley 7 and a part 11b of the control unit 11 serving to control the crane drive is arranged as a crane control outside the crane trolley 7 on the crane girder 2 or at least one of the chassis 5, 6.
- the control unit 11 can also be accommodated with at least both parts 11a and 11b in the handling device 10 or its housing 12 and from there control both the lifting drive and the respective travel drive (crane drive or trolley drive) (not shown).
- the crane 1 is provided with a sensor system 18 which has an optical sensor 18a designed as a camera for determining position data of a part attached to the support means 9.
- a sensor system 18 which has an optical sensor 18a designed as a camera for determining position data of a part attached to the support means 9.
- at least one marking element designed as an example as a 2D code 14 in the sense defined above is provided as such a part, which has a predefined and unique identification feature in the sense defined above.
- two 2D codes 14 in the form of an AprilTag each are attached as marking elements to the handling device 10 (see also Figures 2a and 2b), in particular on a housing top 12a of the housing 12 of the handling device 10.
- the 2D codes 14 are detected and evaluated by the sensor system 18 to determine the position data.
- the control unit 11 is connected to the sensor system 18 in a signal-transmitting manner and is set up to specify a direction of travel for a control command generated by the control unit 11 for the respective travel drive, i.e. the trolley drive and/or the crane drive, of the crane 1, depending on the position data determined by the sensor system 18.
- the control element 16 interacts with the sensor system 18 via a signal-transmitting connection (see Figure 3) in such a way that by actuating the control element 16, a control command can be generated to control the respective travel drive with a direction setpoint representing the specified direction of travel.
- the control command can then be used to move the hoist 8 in a corresponding direction of travel on the travel level E using the corresponding travel drive, whereby the direction of travel depends on the 2D codes detected by the sensor system 18 and their subsequently determined position data.
- the sensor system 18 shown schematically in Figure 1 determines position data of the respective 2D code 14, which can be changed and thus adjusted, for example, by a deflection-free rotation R of the handling device 10 around a rotation axis z.
- the respective operator 13 can
- the handling device 10 can be grasped, for example, by the handle 15 with one hand 13a and the desired rotation R with a rotation angle W can be effected by applying a corresponding manual force.
- the rotation axis z is a separate axis, in particular a longitudinal axis, of the handling device 10, which in the illustrated gravity-driven rest position extends in the direction of the gravitational force and thus coincides with an imaginary vertical axis.
- the support means 9, to which the handling device 10 and in particular the load-bearing means 9a are attached via the handling device 10, is also in the gravity-driven rest position.
- the support means 9 itself can also be twisted in the illustrated rest position according to the rotation R about the rotation axis z.
- the rotation of the handling device 10 preferably takes place relative to the support means 9.
- the handling device 10 is attached to the support means 9 and rotatable relative to it about the axis of rotation z by means of a rotating element 17 (see Figures 2a and 2b) integrated in the housing 12, in particular together and uniformly with the load-bearing means 9a and any load L attached thereto.
- the support means 9 itself is not twisted about the axis of rotation z or is twisted at most to a negligible extent.
- FIG 2a shows the handling device 10 from Figure 1 suspended from the support means 9 in a schematic side view in more detail. It is shown that the handling device 10 is coupled to the support means 9 via its rotating element 17. Opposite the rotating element 17, the handling device 10 or its housing 12 has a receptacle 10a for fastening the load-bearing means 9a in a particularly rotationally fixed manner.
- the rotating element 17 connects the handling device 10 to the support means 9 in a load-bearing manner. This makes it possible in particular to transfer the weight of the load L via the handling device 10 and to introduce it from its rotating element 17 into the support means 9.
- the operating element 16 is arranged on the housing 12, in particular on the handle 15 there.
- the handle 15 is designed to be held by a hand 13a, 13b of the Operator 13 can at least partially grasp the handle and at the same time reach the operating element 16 with the same hand 13a, 13b.
- the handle 15 can also be used as a lever arm to conveniently rotate the handling device 10 together with an attached load L (see Figure 1) about the axis of rotation z.
- the handle 15 is rod-shaped and arranged between two parallel holding arms 15b, of which only the front one is shown in the view in Figure 2a.
- the handle 15 extends essentially horizontally between the holding arms 15b.
- the lever arm in relation to the axis of rotation z is thus realized by the holding arms 15b, since these space the handle 15b accordingly from the axis of rotation z.
- the handling device 10 has a hand detection sensor 15a integrated into the handle 15 in order to detect the presence of an operator.
- the sensor system 18 with its optical sensor 18a, which is attached to the hoist 8 above the two 2D codes 14 attached to the handling device 10.
- the load sensor system 19 which determines the current load to activate the light load travel function and/or the heavy load travel function.
- the load sensor system 19 can also comprise a load sensor that is arranged in the load line, in particular on the support means 9 itself or in or on the housing 12 of the handling device 10.
- Figure 2b shows a view of an alternative handling device 10 for the crane 1 from Figure 1.
- the handle 15 in particular with the integrated hand detection sensor 15a in Figure 2b, extends vertically and encloses the axis of rotation z.
- the lever arm according to Figure 2b is therefore smaller than in Figure 2a due to the missing holding arms 15b and the resulting smaller distance of the operator's hand from the axis of rotation z.
- the control element 16 which is designed as a joystick in Figure 2a, is hidden in Figure 2b and can also be designed as a joystick or as a button.
- the handling device 10 in both Figures 2a and 2b can also be designed without a control element 16 at all or only have a control element for the lifting drive, but none for the travel drives.
- Both Figures 2a and 2b show the position of the rotary element 17 below the housing top 12a and in particular inside the housing 12.
- the marking elements in the form of 2D codes 14 in Figure 2b are not attached directly to the housing top 12a, but rather to a separate, flat and ring-shaped holding part 12b, which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the housing 12 or the housing top 12a above the housing 12.
- a holding part 12b for the at least one marking element can be provided independently of the design of the handling device 10, the handle 15 and the operating element 16.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of control components of the crane 1.
- Components required for the invention are shown in particular, such as the control unit 11, its part 11a serving as a trolley control for controlling the trolley drive and in particular also the lifting drive, and its part 11b serving as a crane control for controlling the crane drive, the sensor system 18 with an optical sensor 18a designed as a camera for example for determining the position data of the 2D codes 14, as well as the components possibly required for the optional embodiments of the invention, such as an operating element 16 of the handling device 10 designed as a control switch, the hand recognition sensor 15a and the load sensor system 19.
- dashed lines show signal-transmitting connections of the components mentioned, in particular to the control unit 11, whereby the transmission of signals which correspond at least to the determined position data, said target values, in particular to the directions of travel specified as a direction target value and/or Speed setpoints and/or control commands corresponding to such setpoints for the travel drive and lifting drive are ensured.
- the load handling crane 1 can now be controlled, for example, according to the following scenarios.
- a) corresponding to the “turning” mode or the heavy-duty driving function corresponds, above a predefined load value of, for example, 20 kg
- the operator can turn the handling device 10 designed as a control switch with a deflection-free rotation R in the above sense in the desired direction of travel.
- the control command for the travel drive can then be generated by actuating the control element 16 designed, for example, as a joystick, which is then converted into a corresponding travel movement in the desired direction of travel, since the sensor system 18 determines the rotation R of at least one of the 2D codes 14 in the form of corresponding position data and the control unit 11 connected to the sensor system 18 in a signal-transmitting manner generates the control command with a correspondingly predetermined direction of travel and thus depending on the determined position data.
- This also implements the above-mentioned steering function, whereby the speed of the travel drive can also be controlled via the joystick.
- a scenario b) which corresponds to the "deflection" operating mode or the light load driving function, below a predefined load value of, for example, 20 kg, the operator only has to pull or push the handling device 10 designed as a control switch in the desired direction of travel, whereby no deflection-free rotation R in the above sense is required or no steering function is activated as in the heavy load driving function.
- the desired direction of travel is detected by the sensor system 18 by means of a corresponding change in the position of at least one 2D code 14 and converted into a corresponding control command by the control unit 11, whereby the speed depends on the extent of the change in position or the position data determined for this purpose.
- the specified direction of travel can be changed “on the fly” during operation, i.e. during ongoing travel movements and without stopping the respective travel drive, by changing the position accordingly.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/864,791 US12441590B2 (en) | 2023-03-27 | 2024-03-26 | Method for controlling a load-handling crane, and load-handling crane |
| JP2024562284A JP2026510617A (ja) | 2023-03-27 | 2024-03-26 | 荷役クレーンを制御するための方法及び荷役クレーン |
| CN202480002688.9A CN119255959A (zh) | 2023-03-27 | 2024-03-26 | 用于控制装卸起重机的方法和装卸起重机 |
| EP24715522.9A EP4490093A1 (de) | 2023-03-27 | 2024-03-26 | Verfahren zum steuern eines lasthandling-krans sowie lasthandling-kran |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023107645.0 | 2023-03-27 | ||
| DE102023107645.0A DE102023107645A1 (de) | 2023-03-27 | 2023-03-27 | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Lasthandling-Krans sowie Lasthandling-Kran |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024200412A1 true WO2024200412A1 (de) | 2024-10-03 |
Family
ID=90675548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/058065 Ceased WO2024200412A1 (de) | 2023-03-27 | 2024-03-26 | Verfahren zum steuern eines lasthandling-krans sowie lasthandling-kran |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12441590B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4490093A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2026510617A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119255959A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102023107645A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024200412A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD1097841S1 (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2025-10-14 | Mark Allen Hill | Tag line alert device |
| DE102023107645A1 (de) * | 2023-03-27 | 2024-10-02 | Konecranes Global Corporation | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Lasthandling-Krans sowie Lasthandling-Kran |
Citations (6)
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| WO2004031068A1 (de) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und/oder einrichtung zur bestimmung einer pendelung einer last eines hebezeuges, wobei die achse sich in hubrichtung befindet |
| US7185774B2 (en) | 2002-05-08 | 2007-03-06 | The Stanley Works | Methods and apparatus for manipulation of heavy payloads with intelligent assist devices |
| US20090020492A1 (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2009-01-22 | Devos Ryan | Hoist Controls With Compensation For Dynamic Effects |
| DE202012012116U1 (de) | 2012-12-17 | 2014-03-19 | Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh | Turmdrehkran |
| EP3323767A1 (de) | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-23 | Manitowoc Crane Companies, LLC | Optisches erfassungssystem für hebekran |
| WO2019077054A1 (de) | 2017-10-18 | 2019-04-25 | Konecranes Global Corporation | System zum bedienen eines lasthandling-krans sowie lasthandling-kran und verfahren zu dessen bedienung |
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| US6386513B1 (en) * | 1999-05-13 | 2002-05-14 | Hamayoon Kazerooni | Human power amplifier for lifting load including apparatus for preventing slack in lifting cable |
| DE10245970B4 (de) * | 2002-09-30 | 2008-08-21 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren bzw. Vorrichtung zur Erkennung einer Last eines Hebezeuges |
| US9334143B2 (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2016-05-10 | Gogou Co., Ltd. | Manipulation apparatus, and movement apparatus equipped with this manipulation apparatus |
| DE102017110715A1 (de) * | 2017-05-17 | 2018-11-22 | Konecranes Global Corporation | Steuerschalter, Steuersystem und Verfahren zur Bedienung eines Krans |
| CN109019351A (zh) * | 2018-09-17 | 2018-12-18 | 安徽德马泰格起重机械有限公司 | 一种起重机的起吊过程安全监控系统 |
| EP3750842B1 (de) * | 2019-06-11 | 2021-10-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verladen einer last mit einem kransystem |
| DE102020112227A1 (de) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-27 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | Bau- und/oder Materialumschlagsmaschine |
| DE102023107645A1 (de) * | 2023-03-27 | 2024-10-02 | Konecranes Global Corporation | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Lasthandling-Krans sowie Lasthandling-Kran |
-
2023
- 2023-03-27 DE DE102023107645.0A patent/DE102023107645A1/de active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-03-26 US US18/864,791 patent/US12441590B2/en active Active
- 2024-03-26 EP EP24715522.9A patent/EP4490093A1/de active Pending
- 2024-03-26 JP JP2024562284A patent/JP2026510617A/ja active Pending
- 2024-03-26 CN CN202480002688.9A patent/CN119255959A/zh active Pending
- 2024-03-26 WO PCT/EP2024/058065 patent/WO2024200412A1/de not_active Ceased
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| US7185774B2 (en) | 2002-05-08 | 2007-03-06 | The Stanley Works | Methods and apparatus for manipulation of heavy payloads with intelligent assist devices |
| WO2004031068A1 (de) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und/oder einrichtung zur bestimmung einer pendelung einer last eines hebezeuges, wobei die achse sich in hubrichtung befindet |
| US20090020492A1 (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2009-01-22 | Devos Ryan | Hoist Controls With Compensation For Dynamic Effects |
| DE202012012116U1 (de) | 2012-12-17 | 2014-03-19 | Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh | Turmdrehkran |
| EP3323767A1 (de) | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-23 | Manitowoc Crane Companies, LLC | Optisches erfassungssystem für hebekran |
| WO2019077054A1 (de) | 2017-10-18 | 2019-04-25 | Konecranes Global Corporation | System zum bedienen eines lasthandling-krans sowie lasthandling-kran und verfahren zu dessen bedienung |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2026510617A (ja) | 2026-04-10 |
| DE102023107645A1 (de) | 2024-10-02 |
| US12441590B2 (en) | 2025-10-14 |
| CN119255959A (zh) | 2025-01-03 |
| EP4490093A1 (de) | 2025-01-15 |
| US20250108998A1 (en) | 2025-04-03 |
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