WO2024210542A2 - 무선 통신을 수행하는 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
무선 통신을 수행하는 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024210542A2 WO2024210542A2 PCT/KR2024/004387 KR2024004387W WO2024210542A2 WO 2024210542 A2 WO2024210542 A2 WO 2024210542A2 KR 2024004387 W KR2024004387 W KR 2024004387W WO 2024210542 A2 WO2024210542 A2 WO 2024210542A2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0091—Signalling for the administration of the divided path, e.g. signalling of configuration information
- H04L5/0096—Indication of changes in allocation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/02—Selection of wireless resources by user or terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0053—Allocation of signalling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
- H04L5/0055—Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/25—Control channels or signalling for resource management between terminals via a wireless link, e.g. sidelink
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
- H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
- H04W92/18—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between terminal devices
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.
- 5G NR is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system that is the successor technology to LTE (long term evolution) and has the characteristics of high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low frequency bands below 1 GHz, to intermediate frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.
- a method for performing wireless communication by a first device can trigger resource selection for transmission of an RS.
- the first device can select an RS resource from a resource set based on the resource selection being triggered.
- the first device can perform RS transmission based on the selected RS resource.
- a resource related to a feedback channel can be excluded from the resource set.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a transparent payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a regenerative payload, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 9 illustrates three cast types according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a protocol layer used to support LPP (LTE Positioning Protocol) message transmission between an LMF and a UE according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- LPP Long Positioning Protocol
- FIG. 14 illustrates an example of a protocol layer used to support NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transmission between an LMF and an NG-RAN node according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- NRPPa NR Positioning Protocol A
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining an OTDOA (Observed Time Difference Of Arrival) positioning method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- OTDOA Observed Time Difference Of Arrival
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a double-side RTT positioning method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 17 is a drawing for explaining a problem of a method for performing wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a procedure for performing wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 21 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 22 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 24 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- At least one of A, B and C can mean “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any combination of A, B and C”. Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and/or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C”.
- higher layer parameters may be parameters that are set for the terminal, set in advance, or defined in advance.
- a base station or a network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal.
- the higher layer parameters may be transmitted through radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.
- RRC radio resource control
- MAC medium access control
- configured or defined may be interpreted as being configured or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or a network. In this specification, “configured or defined” may be interpreted as being preset to a device.
- predefined signaling e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC
- OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.
- IEEE institute of electrical and electronics engineers
- Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11
- WiMAX IEEE 802.16
- WiMAX IEEE 802.16
- IEEE 802-20 IEEE 802-20
- E-UTRA evolved UTRA
- LTE long term evolution
- 5G NR 5G NR
- the technology proposed in this specification can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and can be applied to various 6G systems.
- the 6G system can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.
- eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
- URLLC ultra-reliable low latency communications
- mMTC massive machine-type communication
- AI artificial intelligence integrated communication
- tactile internet high throughput
- high network capacity high energy efficiency
- low backhaul and access network congestion and enhanced data security.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 1 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- New network characteristics in 6G could include:
- AI can be applied at each stage of the communication process (or at each stage of signal processing, as described below).
- High-precision localization (or location-based services) through communications is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.
- AI Artificial Intelligence: Introducing AI into communications can simplify and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use a lot of analytics to determine how complex target tasks are performed. In other words, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a significant role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. AI can also be a rapid communication in Brain Computer Interface (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.
- BCI Brain Computer Interface
- THz waves also known as sub-millimeter waves, generally refer to a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with a corresponding wavelength ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm.
- the 100 GHz to 300 GHz band range (Sub THz band) is considered to be a major part of the THz band for cellular communications. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications.
- 300 GHz to 3 THz is in the far infrared (IR) frequency band.
- the 300 GHz to 3 THz band is a part of the optical band but is at the boundary of the optical band, just behind the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band shows similarities with RF.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beam width generated by the highly directional antenna reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array techniques to overcome range limitations.
- UAVs or drones will be a crucial element in 6G wireless communications.
- high-speed data wireless connectivity can be provided using UAV technology.
- the base station (BS) entity can be installed on the UAV to provide cellular connectivity.
- UAVs may have certain features not found in fixed BS infrastructure such as easy deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and freedom of movement with controlled mobility.
- BS base station
- UAVs may have certain features not found in fixed BS infrastructure such as easy deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and freedom of movement with controlled mobility.
- UAVs can easily handle such situations.
- UAVs will be a new paradigm in wireless communications. This technology facilitates three basic requirements of wireless networks namely eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC.
- UAVs can also support several purposes such as enhancing network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and
- AAM is a higher concept than urban air mobility (UAM), which is an air transportation method that can be used in urban areas, and can refer to a means of transportation that includes movement between regional hubs as well as urban areas.
- UAM urban air mobility
- V2X vehicle to everything
- V2I vehicle to infrastructure
- NTN may represent a network or network segment that uses RF (radio frequency) resources mounted on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform).
- FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a transparent payload, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a typical scenario of an NTN based on a regenerative payload, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- a satellite (or UAS platform) may create a service link with a UE.
- the satellite (or UAS platform) may be connected to a gateway via a feeder link.
- the satellite may be connected to a data network via the gateway.
- a beam foot print may mean an area where a signal transmitted by a satellite can be received.
- a satellite (or UAS platform) can create a service link with a UE.
- a satellite (or UAS platform) associated with a UE can be associated with another satellite (or UAS platform) via an inter-satellite link (ISL).
- the other satellite (or UAS platform) can be associated with a gateway via a feeder link.
- a satellite can be associated with a data network via another satellite and a gateway based on a regenerative payload. If there is no ISL between a satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required.
- a satellite (or UAS platform) can implement a transparent or regenerative (with on board processing) payload.
- a satellite (or UAS platform) may generate multiple beams over a given service area depending on the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform).
- the field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) may vary depending on the onboard antenna diagram and minimum elevation angle.
- a transparent payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification. Thus, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may not be altered.
- a regenerative payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation/decoding, switching and/or routing, coding/modulation.
- a regenerative payload may be substantially identical to onboarding all or part of the base station functionality onto the satellite (or UAS platform).
- Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to detect the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object to obtain information about the environment and/or the characteristics of objects in the environment. Since the radio frequency sensing function does not require a connection to the object through a device in the network, it can provide a service for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can provide a wide range of new functions such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition.
- object recognition e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs
- Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) to enable applications that provide, for example, intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, health and traffic management, etc.
- wireless sensing can use non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, camera) to additionally support 3GPP-based sensing.
- the operation of a wireless sensing service i.e., a sensing operation, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering processing of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communication network to a wireless communication and sensing network.
- FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- (a) of FIG. 5 illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing)
- (b) of FIG. 5 illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).
- the layers of the Radio Interface Protocol between the terminal and the network can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), and L3 (layer 3) based on the three lower layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) standard model, which is widely known in communication systems.
- the physical layer belonging to the first layer provides an information transfer service using a physical channel
- the RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer located in the third layer controls radio resources between the terminal and the network.
- the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the terminal and the base station.
- the physical layer provides information transmission services to the upper layer using physical channels.
- the physical layer is connected to the upper layer, the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, through a transport channel. Data moves between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. Transport channels are classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted through the wireless interface.
- MAC Medium Access Control
- the physical channel can be modulated using an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) method, and utilizes time and frequency as radio resources.
- OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
- the MAC layer provides services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels.
- the MAC layer provides a mapping function from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels.
- the MAC layer provides a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping from multiple logical channels to a single transport channel.
- the MAC sublayer provides data transmission services on logical channels.
- the RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs (Service Data Units).
- RLC SDUs Service Data Units
- the RLC layer provides three operation modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM).
- TM Transparent Mode
- UM Unacknowledged Mode
- AM Acknowledged Mode
- AM RLC provides error correction through ARQ (automatic repeat request).
- the RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer is defined only in the control plane.
- the RRC layer is responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers.
- RB refers to a logical path provided by the first layer (physical layer or PHY layer) and the second layer (MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) layer, and SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) layer) for data transmission between the terminal and the network.
- the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane include forwarding of user data, header compression, and ciphering.
- the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane include forwarding of control plane data and ciphering/integrity protection.
- the SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) layer is defined only in the user plane.
- the SDAP layer performs mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers, marking QoS flow identifiers (IDs) in downlink and uplink packets, etc.
- Establishing an RB means the process of specifying the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting each specific parameter and operation method.
- RB can be divided into two types: SRB (Signaling Radio Bearer) and DRB (Data Radio Bearer).
- SRB is used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane
- DRB is used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.
- the terminal When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the terminal and the RRC layer of the base station, the terminal is in the RRC_CONNECTED state, otherwise it is in the RRC_IDLE state.
- RRC_CONNECTED When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the terminal and the RRC layer of the base station, the terminal is in the RRC_CONNECTED state, otherwise it is in the RRC_IDLE state.
- an RRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a terminal in the RRC_INACTIVE state can release the connection with the base station while maintaining the connection with the core network.
- Downlink transmission channels that transmit data from a network to a terminal include the BCH (Broadcast Channel) that transmits system information, and the downlink SCH (Shared Channel) that transmits user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages of downlink multicast or broadcast services may be transmitted through the downlink SCH, or may be transmitted through a separate downlink MCH (Multicast Channel). Meanwhile, uplink transmission channels that transmit data from a terminal to a network include the RACH (Random Access Channel) that transmits initial control messages, and the uplink SCH (Shared Channel) that transmits user traffic or control messages.
- RACH Random Access Channel
- Logical channels that are located above the transport channel and are mapped to the transport channel include the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Control Channel (PCCH), Common Control Channel (CCCH), Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), and Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH).
- BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
- PCCH Paging Control Channel
- CCCH Common Control Channel
- MCCH Multicast Control Channel
- MTCH Multicast Traffic Channel
- a radio frame can be used in uplink and downlink transmission.
- a radio frame has a length of 10 ms and can be defined by two 5 ms half-frames (Half-Frames, HF).
- a half-frame can include five 1 ms subframes (Subframes, SF).
- a subframe can be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a subframe can be determined by the Subcarrier Spacing (SCS).
- SCS Subcarrier Spacing
- Each slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on the CP (cyclic prefix).
- each slot can include 14 symbols.
- each slot can include 12 symbols.
- the symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (Single Carrier - FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).
- Table 2 illustrates the number of symbols per slot (Nslotsymb), the number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ), and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) depending on the SCS setting ( u ) when normal CP or extended CP is used.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 6 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- a slot includes a plurality of symbols in the time domain.
- a carrier includes a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain.
- An RB Resource Block
- a BWP Bandwidth Part
- P Physical Resource Block
- a carrier may include at most N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication may be performed through activated BWPs.
- Each element may be referred to as a Resource Element (RE) in the resource grid and may be mapped to one complex symbol.
- RE Resource Element
- a Bandwidth Part can be a contiguous set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) in a given numerology.
- PRB physical resource blocks
- a PRB can be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.
- CRBs common resource blocks
- FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 7 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.
- a common resource block may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other end.
- a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP.
- Point A may indicate a common reference point for a resource block grid.
- the BWP can be set by a point A, an offset from the point A (N start BWP ) and a bandwidth (N size BWP ).
- the point A can be an outer reference point of the PRBs of a carrier on which subcarrier 0 of all nucleosides (e.g., all nucleosides supported by the network on that carrier) are aligned.
- the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given nucleometry and the point A.
- the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given nucleometry.
- SLSS Sidelink Synchronization Signal
- S-PSS Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal
- S-SSS Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal
- length-127 M-sequences may be used for S-PSS
- length-127 Gold sequences may be used for S-SSS.
- a terminal may detect an initial signal (signal detection) and obtain synchronization using S-PSS.
- the terminal can obtain detailed synchronization using S-PSS and S-SSS and detect a synchronization signal ID.
- PSBCH Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel
- PSBCH Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel
- the basic information may be information related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), TDD UL/DL (Time Division Duplex Uplink/Downlink) configuration, resource pool related information, type of application related to SLSS, subframe offset, broadcast information, etc.
- the payload size of PSBCH may be 56 bits including a 24-bit CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check).
- the S-PSS, S-SSS and PSBCH may be included in a block format supporting periodic transmission (e.g., SL SS (Synchronization Signal)/PSBCH block, hereinafter referred to as S-SSB (Sidelink-Synchronization Signal Block)).
- the S-SSB may have the same numerology (i.e., SCS and CP length) as the PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel)/PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) in a carrier, and the transmission bandwidth may be within a (pre-)configured SL BWP (Sidelink BWP).
- the bandwidth of the S-SSB may be 11 RB (Resource Block).
- the PSBCH may span 11 RBs.
- the frequency location of the S-SSB may be (pre-)configured. Therefore, the terminal does not need to perform hypothesis detection in frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.
- PSCCH may be replaced by a control channel, a physical control channel, a control channel associated with a sidelink, a physical control channel associated with a sidelink, etc.
- PSSCH may be replaced by a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a shared channel associated with a sidelink, a physical shared channel associated with a sidelink, etc.
- the base station can schedule SL resources to be used by the terminal for SL transmission.
- the base station can transmit information related to SL resources and/or information related to UL resources to the first terminal.
- the UL resources can include PUCCH resources and/or PUSCH resources.
- the UL resources can be resources for reporting SL HARQ feedback to the base station.
- the first terminal may receive information related to a DG (dynamic grant) resource and/or information related to a CG (configured grant) resource from the base station.
- the CG resource may include a CG type 1 resource or a CG type 2 resource.
- the DG resource may be a resource that the base station configures/allocates to the first terminal via DCI (downlink control information).
- the CG resource may be a (periodic) resource that the base station configures/allocates to the first terminal via DCI and/or an RRC message.
- the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal.
- the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal, and the base station may transmit DCI related to activation or release of the CG resource to the first terminal.
- the first terminal may transmit a PSCCH (e.g., Sidelink Control Information (SCI) or 1st-stage SCI) to the second terminal based on the resource scheduling.
- a PSCCH e.g., Sidelink Control Information (SCI) or 1st-stage SCI
- the first terminal may transmit a PSSCH (e.g., 2nd-stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second terminal.
- the first terminal may receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH/PSSCH from the second terminal.
- HARQ feedback information e.g., NACK information or ACK information
- the first terminal may transmit/report HARQ feedback information to the base station via PUCCH or PUSCH.
- the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second terminal.
- the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on a rule set in advance.
- the DCI may be DCI for scheduling SL.
- the terminal can determine SL transmission resources within SL resources set by the base station/network or preset SL resources.
- the set SL resources or preset SL resources may be a resource pool.
- the terminal can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission.
- the terminal can perform SL communication by selecting resources by itself within the set resource pool.
- the terminal can select resources by itself within a selection window by performing sensing and resource (re)selection procedures.
- the sensing can be performed on a subchannel basis.
- the first terminal that has selected resources by itself within the resource pool can transmit PSCCH (e.g., SCI (Sidelink Control Information) or 1 st -stage SCI) to the second terminal using the resources.
- PSCCH e.g., SCI (Sidelink Control Information) or 1 st -stage SCI
- the first terminal can transmit a PSSCH (e.g., 2nd -stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second terminal.
- the first terminal can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH/PSSCH from the second terminal.
- the first terminal may transmit an SCI to the second terminal on the PSCCH.
- the first terminal may transmit two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to the second terminal on the PSCCH and/or the PSSCH.
- the second terminal may decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to receive the PSSCH from the first terminal.
- the SCI transmitted on the PSCCH may be referred to as a 1 st SCI, a 1st SCI, a 1 st -stage SCI, or a 1 st -stage SCI format
- the SCI transmitted on the PSSCH may be referred to as a 2 nd SCI, a 2nd SCI, a 2 nd -stage SCI, or a 2 nd -stage SCI format.
- the first terminal can receive PSFCH.
- the first terminal and the second terminal can determine PSFCH resources, and the second terminal can transmit HARQ feedback to the first terminal using the PSFCH resources.
- the first terminal may transmit SL HARQ feedback to the base station through PUCCH and/or PUSCH.
- a frequency band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges.
- the two types of frequency ranges can be FR1 and FR2 (FR2-1 and/or FR2-2).
- the numerical value of the frequency range can be changed, and for example, the two types of frequency ranges can be as shown in Table 3 below.
- FR1 can mean "sub 6GHz range”
- FR2 can mean “above 6GHz range” and can be called millimeter wave (mmW).
- mmW millimeter wave
- FR1 can include a band of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz as shown in Table 4 below. That is, FR1 can include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher.
- the frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher included in FR1 can include an unlicensed band.
- the unlicensed band can be used for various purposes, and for example, it can be used for communication for vehicles (e.g., autonomous driving).
- SCI format 1-A is used for scheduling of PSSCH and 2nd-stage SCI on PSSCH.
- Time resource allocation - 5 bits if the value of the upper layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is set to 2; otherwise, 9 bits if the value of the upper layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is set to 3.
- N rsv_period is the number of entries in the upper-layer parameter sl-ResourceReservePeriodList if the upper-layer parameter sl-MultiReserveResource is set; otherwise, 0 bits.
- N pattern is the number of DMRS patterns set by the upper layer parameter sl-PSSCH-DMRS-TimePatternList.
- Additional MCS table indicator - 1 bit if one MCS table is set by the upper layer parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; 2 bits if two MCS tables are set by the upper layer parameter sl- Additional-MCS-Table; otherwise 0 bits
- HARQ-ACK information when HARQ-ACK information includes ACK or NACK, or HARQ-ACK information includes only NACK, or there is no feedback of HARQ-ACK information, SCI format 2-A is used for decoding PSSCH.
- SCI format 2-B is used for decoding PSSCH.
- the first terminal can receive PSFCH.
- the first terminal and the second terminal can determine PSFCH resources, and the second terminal can transmit HARQ feedback to the first terminal using the PSFCH resources.
- the first terminal may transmit SL HARQ feedback to the base station through PUCCH and/or PUSCH.
- FIG. 9 illustrates three cast types according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 9 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- (a) of FIG. 9 illustrates SL communication of a broadcast type
- (b) of FIG. 9 illustrates SL communication of a unicast type
- (c) of FIG. 9 illustrates SL communication of a groupcast type.
- a terminal can perform one-to-one communication with another terminal.
- SL communication of a groupcast type a terminal can perform SL communication with one or more terminals within a group to which it belongs.
- SL groupcast communication can be replaced with SL multicast communication, SL one-to-many communication, etc.
- SL HARQ feedback can be enabled for unicast.
- non-CBG non-Code Block Group
- the receiving terminal if a receiving terminal decodes a PSCCH targeting the receiving terminal, and if the receiving terminal successfully decodes a transport block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving terminal can generate a HARQ-ACK. Then, the receiving terminal can transmit the HARQ-ACK to the transmitting terminal.
- the receiving terminal fails to successfully decode a transport block associated with the PSCCH after decoding the PSCCH targeting the receiving terminal, the receiving terminal can generate a HARQ-NACK. Then, the receiving terminal can transmit the HARQ-NACK to the transmitting terminal.
- SL HARQ feedback can be enabled for groupcast.
- two HARQ feedback options can be supported for groupcast.
- Groupcast option 1 If the receiving terminal fails to decode a transport block related to the PSCCH after the receiving terminal decodes a PSCCH targeting the receiving terminal, the receiving terminal may transmit a HARQ-NACK to the transmitting terminal through the PSFCH. On the other hand, if the receiving terminal decodes a PSCCH targeting the receiving terminal and the receiving terminal successfully decodes a transport block related to the PSCCH, the receiving terminal may not transmit a HARQ-ACK to the transmitting terminal.
- Groupcast option 2 If the receiving terminal fails to decode a transport block related to the PSCCH after the receiving terminal decodes the PSCCH targeting the receiving terminal, the receiving terminal can transmit a HARQ-NACK to the transmitting terminal through the PSFCH. Then, if the receiving terminal decodes the PSCCH targeting the receiving terminal and the receiving terminal successfully decodes the transport block related to the PSCCH, the receiving terminal can transmit a HARQ-ACK to the transmitting terminal through the PSFCH.
- GroupCast Option 1 is used for SL HARQ feedback
- all terminals performing GroupCast communication can share PSFCH resources.
- terminals belonging to the same group can transmit HARQ feedback using the same PSFCH resources.
- each terminal performing GroupCast communication can use different PSFCH resources for HARQ feedback transmission.
- terminals belonging to the same group can transmit HARQ feedback using different PSFCH resources.
- HARQ-ACK may be referred to as ACK, ACK information, or positive-ACK information
- HARQ-NACK may be referred to as NACK, NACK information, or negative-ACK information.
- the UE may be instructed by the SCI format to schedule PSSCH reception on one or more subchannels from N PSSCH subchs to transmit a PSFCH containing HARQ-ACK information in response to a PSSCH reception.
- the UE provides HARQ-ACK information containing ACK or NACK, or only NACK.
- the UE may be instructed by higher layers not to transmit PSFCH in response to receiving a PSSCH.
- a UE receives a PSSCH from a resource pool and the HARQ Feedback Enable/Deactivate Indicator field included in the associated SCI Format 2-A or SCI Format 2-B has a value of 1, the UE provides HARQ-ACK information via a PSFCH transmission from the resource pool.
- the UE transmits the PSFCH in a first slot, wherein the first slot includes a PSFCH resource and is a slot after the minimum number of slots provided by sl-MinTimeGapPSFCH-r16 of the resource pool after the last slot of the PSSCH reception.
- the UE receives a set of PRBs M PSFCH PRB,set for PSFCH transmission in the PRBs of the resource pool by sl-PSFCH-RB-Set-r16.
- the UE allocates [(i+j N PSFCH PSSCH ) M PSFCH subch,slot , (i+1+j N PSFCH PSSCH ) M PSFCH subch,slot -1] PRBs from the M PRB,set PSFCH PRBs for slot i and subchannel j among the PSSCH slots associated with the PSFCH slots.
- M PSFCH subch,slot M PSFCH PRB,set / (N subch ⁇ N PSFCH PSSCH ), 0 ⁇ i ⁇ N PSFCH PSSCH , 0 ⁇ j ⁇ N subch , and the allocation starts in ascending order of i and continues in ascending order of j.
- the UE expects that M PSFCH PRB,set is a multiple of N subch ⁇ N PSFCH PSSCH .
- N PSFCH type 1 and M PSFCH subch,slot PRB is associated with the start subchannel of the corresponding PSSCH,
- N PSFCH type N PSSCH subch and N PSSCH subch ⁇ M PSFCH subch,slot PRB is associated with one or more subchannels among the N PSSCH subch subchannels of the corresponding PSSCH.
- PSFCH resources are first indexed in ascending order of PRB index among N PSFCH type ⁇ M PSFCH subch,slot PRBs, and then indexed in ascending order of cyclic shift pair index among N PSFCH CS cyclic shift pairs.
- the UE determines the index of the PSFCH resource for PSFCH transmission in response to the PSSCH reception as (P ID + M ID ) mod R PSFCH PRB,CS , where P ID is a physical layer source ID provided by SCI format 2-A or 2-B for scheduling the PSSCH reception, and M ID is an ID of the UE receiving the PSSCH as indicated by upper layers if the UE detects SCI format 2-A with Cast Type Indicator field value "01", otherwise M ID is 0.
- the UE determines the m 0 value for calculating the cyclic shift ⁇ value from the N PSFCH CS and the cyclic shift pair index corresponding to the PSFCH resource index using Table 8.
- Circular shift pair index 5 1 0 - - - - - 2 0 3 - - - - 3 0 2 4 - - - 6 0 1 2 3 4 5
- the UE determines a value m cs for computing the cyclic shift ⁇ value.
- the UE applies one cyclic shift among the cyclic shift pairs to the sequence used for PSFCH transmission.
- upper layers may request the UE to determine a subset of resources from which upper layers will select resources for PSSCH/PSCCH transmission. To trigger this procedure, in slot n, upper layers provide the following parameters for the PSSCH/PSCCH transmission.
- resource reservation interval P rsvpTX in msec units.
- a higher layer requests the UE to determine a subset of resources to select for PSSCH/PSCCH transmission as part of a re-evaluation or pre-emption procedure
- the higher layer provides a set of resources that can be subject to re-evaluation (r 0 , r 1 , r 2 , ...) and a set of resources that can be subject to pre-emption (r' 0 , r' 1 , r' 2 , ).
- T SL proc,1 is defined as the number of slots according to SCS, and here ⁇ SL is the SCS configuration of the SL BWP.
- the internal parameter T 2min is set to the corresponding value from the upper layer parameter sl-SelectionWindowList for the given prio TX value.
- - sl-RS-ForSensing selects whether the UE uses PSSCH-RSRP or PSCCH-RSRP measurements.
- the internal parameter T 0 is defined as the number of slots corresponding to sl-SensingWindow msec.
- sl-TxPercentageList The internal parameter X for a given prio TX is defined as sl-TxPercentageList(prio TX ) converted from percentage to ratio.
- sl-PreemptionEnable If sl-PreemptionEnable is provided and is not equal to 'enabled', the internal parameter prio pre is set to the parameter sl-PreemptionEnable provided by the upper layer.
- the resource reservation interval is converted from msec units to logical slot units P' rsvp_TX .
- (t' SL 0 , t' SL 1 , t' SL 2 , ...) represents a set of slots belonging to the sidelink resource pool.
- the UE may select a set of candidate resources (S A ) based on Table 11. For example, if resource (re)selection is triggered, the UE may select a set of candidate resources (S A ) based on Table 11. For example, if re-evaluation or pre-emption is triggered, the UE may select a set of candidate resources (S A ) based on Table 11.
- partial sensing may be supported for power saving of the UE.
- the UE may perform partial sensing based on Table 12 and Table 13.
- V2X for time/frequency synchronization, the physical layer can use the SL synchronization signal (SLSS) and the radio link control (RLC) layer can use the master information block-sidelink-V2X (MIB-SL-V2X).
- SLSS SL synchronization signal
- RLC radio link control
- FIG. 10 illustrates a synchronization source or synchronization reference of V2X according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 10 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- a terminal in V2X, can be directly synchronized to GNSS (global navigation satellite systems), or can be indirectly synchronized to GNSS through a terminal (within network coverage or outside network coverage) that is directly synchronized to GNSS.
- GNSS global navigation satellite systems
- the terminal can calculate the DFN and subframe number using UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) and a (pre-)configured DFN offset.
- the terminal may be directly synchronized to the base station, or may be synchronized to another terminal that is time/frequency synchronized to the base station.
- the base station may be an eNB or a gNB.
- the terminal may receive synchronization information provided by the base station and be directly synchronized to the base station. Thereafter, the terminal may provide the synchronization information to other adjacent terminals.
- the terminal may follow the cell associated with the frequency (if it is within cell coverage at the frequency), the primary cell, or the serving cell (if it is outside cell coverage at the frequency) for synchronization and downlink measurement.
- a base station may provide synchronization settings for a carrier used for V2X or SL communication.
- the terminal may follow the synchronization settings received from the base station. If the terminal does not detect any cell on the carrier used for the V2X or SL communication and does not receive synchronization settings from the serving cell, the terminal may follow the preset synchronization settings.
- the terminal may be synchronized to another terminal that has not obtained synchronization information directly or indirectly from the base station or GNSS.
- the synchronization source and preference may be preset for the terminal.
- the synchronization source and preference may be set via a control message provided by the base station.
- SL synchronization source can be associated with a synchronization priority.
- the relationship between synchronization source and synchronization priority can be defined as in Table 14 or Table 15.
- Table 14 or Table 15 is only an example, and the relationship between synchronization source and synchronization priority can be defined in various forms.
- P0 may mean the highest priority
- P6 may mean the lowest priority
- the base station may include at least one of a gNB or an eNB. Whether to use GNSS-based synchronization or base station-based synchronization can be (pre-)configured. In single-carrier operation, the terminal can derive its transmission timing from the available synchronization reference with the highest priority.
- the terminal can (re)select a synchronization reference, and the terminal can obtain synchronization from the synchronization reference. Then, the terminal can perform SL communication (e.g., PSCCH/PSSCH transmission/reception, PSFCH (Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel) transmission/reception, S-SSB transmission/reception, reference signal transmission/reception, etc.) based on the obtained synchronization.
- SL communication e.g., PSCCH/PSSCH transmission/reception, PSFCH (Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel) transmission/reception, S-SSB transmission/reception, reference signal transmission/reception, etc.
- FIG. 11 illustrates an example of an architecture in a 5G system capable of positioning a UE connected to a Next Generation-Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) or E-UTRAN, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- NG-RAN Next Generation-Radio Access Network
- E-UTRAN E-UTRAN
- the AMF may receive a request for location service related to a specific target UE from another entity, such as a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC), or the AMF itself may decide to initiate the location service on behalf of the specific target UE. Then, the AMF may transmit the location service request to the Location Management Function (LMF). The LMF, which has received the location service request, may process the location service request and return a processing result including an estimated location of the UE, etc. to the AMF. Meanwhile, if the location service request is received from another entity, such as a GMLC, other than the AMF, the AMF may forward the processing result received from the LMF to the other entity.
- GMLC Gateway Mobile Location Center
- ng-eNB new generation evolved-NB
- gNB are network elements of NG-RAN that can provide measurement results for position estimation, measure radio signals for target UEs, and transmit the results to LMF.
- ng-eNB can control several TPs (Transmission Points), such as remote radio heads, or PRS-only TPs that support a PRS (Positioning Reference Signal)-based beacon system for E-UTRA.
- TPs Transmission Points
- PRS-only TPs that support a PRS (Positioning Reference Signal)-based beacon system for E-UTRA.
- the LMF is connected to an Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center (E-SMLC), and the E-SMLC can enable the LMF to access the E-UTRAN.
- E-SMLC can enable the LMF to support OTDOA (Observed Time Difference Of Arrival), one of the positioning methods of the E-UTRAN, by utilizing downlink measurements acquired by the target UE via signals transmitted from eNB and/or PRS dedicated TPs in the E-UTRAN.
- OTDOA Observed Time Difference Of Arrival
- the LMF may be connected to the SLP (SUPL Location Platform).
- the LMF may support and manage different positioning services for target UEs.
- the LMF may interact with a serving ng-eNB or a serving gNB for the target UE to obtain position measurements of the UE.
- the LMF may determine a positioning method based on the LCS (Location Service) client type, the required QoS (Quality of Service), the UE positioning capabilities, the gNB positioning capabilities, and the ng-eNB positioning capabilities, and may apply the positioning method to the serving gNB and/or the serving ng-eNB.
- the LMF may determine additional information such as a position estimate for the target UE and the accuracy of the position estimate and velocity.
- the SLP is a SUPL (Secure User Plane Location) entity responsible for positioning through the user plane.
- the UE can measure downlink signals from sources such as NG-RAN and E-UTRAN, different Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), Terrestrial Beacon Systems (TBS), Wireless Local Access Network (WLAN) access points, Bluetooth beacons, and UE barometric pressure sensors.
- the UE may include an LCS application and may access an LCS application through communication with a network to which the UE is connected or through other applications included in the UE.
- the LCS application may include measurement and calculation functions necessary to determine the position of the UE.
- the UE may include an independent positioning function, such as a Global Positioning System (GPS), and may report the position of the UE independently of the NG-RAN transmission. This independently acquired positioning information may be utilized as auxiliary information for the positioning information acquired from the network.
- GPS Global Positioning System
- FIG. 12 illustrates an example implementation of a network for measuring the location of a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 12 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- CM-IDLE Connection Management - IDLE
- the AMF may establish a signaling connection with the UE and request a network trigger service to allocate a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB.
- This operation process is omitted in Fig. 12. That is, it can be assumed that the UE is in connected mode in Fig. 12. However, the signaling connection may be released by the NG-RAN during the positioning process due to reasons such as signaling and data inactivity.
- a 5GC entity such as GMLC may request a location service to measure the location of the target UE to the serving AMF.
- the serving AMF may determine that the location service is necessary for measuring the location of the target UE according to step 1b. For example, in order to measure the location of the UE for an emergency call, the serving AMF may decide to perform the location service directly.
- the AMF may send a location service request to the LMF according to step 2, and the LMF may initiate location procedures with the serving ng-eNB and the serving gNB to obtain location measurement data or location measurement assistance data according to step 3a. Additionally, the LMF may initiate location procedures for downlink positioning with the UE according to step 3b. For example, the LMF may transmit location assistance data (Assistance data defined in 3GPP TS 36.355) to the UE, or obtain a position estimate or a position measurement. Meanwhile, step 3b may be performed additionally after step 3a is performed, or may be performed instead of step 3a.
- location assistance data Asssistance data defined in 3GPP TS 36.355
- the LMF may provide a location service response to the AMF.
- the location service response may include information on whether the location estimation of the UE was successful and the location estimate of the UE.
- the AMF may forward the location service response to a 5GC entity such as GMLC, and if the procedure of FIG. 12 was initiated by step 1b, the AMF may use the location service response to provide location services related to emergency calls, etc.
- FIG. 13 illustrates an example of a protocol layer used to support transmission of an LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) message between an LMF and a UE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- LTP LTE Positioning Protocol
- LPP PDU can be transmitted via NAS PDU between AMF and UE.
- LPP can be terminated between a target device (e.g., UE in control plane or SET (SUPL Enabled Terminal) in user plane) and a location server (e.g., LMF in control plane or SLP in user plane).
- LPP message can be transmitted in transparent PDU form over an intermediate network interface using a suitable protocol such as NG Application Protocol (NGAP) over NG-Control Plane (NG-C) interface, NAS/RRC over LTE-Uu and NR-Uu interfaces.
- NGAP NG Application Protocol
- N-C NG-Control Plane
- NAS/RRC over LTE-Uu and NR-Uu interfaces.
- the LPP protocol enables positioning for NR and LTE using various positioning methods.
- the target device and the location server can exchange capability information, exchange auxiliary data for positioning, and/or exchange location information.
- error information can be exchanged and/or an LPP procedure can be stopped via LPP messages.
- FIG. 14 illustrates an example of a protocol layer used to support NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) PDU transmission between an LMF and an NG-RAN node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- NRPPa NR Positioning Protocol A
- the embodiment of FIG. 14 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- NRPPa can be used to exchange information between NG-RAN nodes and LMF. Specifically, NRPPa can exchange Enhanced-Cell ID (E-CID) for measurements transmitted from ng-eNB to LMF, data to support OTDOA positioning method, Cell-ID for NR Cell ID positioning method, and Cell location ID. Even if AMF does not have information about related NRPPa transactions, it can route NRPPa PDUs based on the routing ID of the related LMF through the NG-C interface.
- E-CID Enhanced-Cell ID
- the procedures of the NRPPa protocol for location and data collection can be divided into two types.
- the first type is a UE associated procedure for conveying information about a specific UE (e.g., position measurement information, etc.)
- the second type is a non UE associated procedure for conveying information applicable to NG-RAN nodes and associated TPs (e.g., gNB/ng-eNB/TP timing information, etc.).
- the two types of procedures may be supported independently or simultaneously.
- the positioning methods supported by NG-RAN may include GNSS, OTDOA, E-CID (enhanced cell ID), barometric sensor positioning, WLAN positioning, Bluetooth positioning, and terrestrial beacon system (TBS), UTDOA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival), etc.
- the position of the UE may be measured using one of the positioning methods, but the position of the UE may also be measured using two or more positioning methods.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining an OTDOA (Observed Time Difference Of Arrival) positioning method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- OTDOA Observed Time Difference Of Arrival
- the OTDOA positioning method uses the timing of measurements of downlink signals received from multiple TPs, including eNB, ng-eNB, and PRS-only TPs.
- the UE measures the timing of the received downlink signals using location assistance data received from a location server. Based on these measurement results and the geographical coordinates of neighboring TPs, the location of the UE can be determined.
- a UE connected to a gNB can request a measurement gap for OTDOA measurements from a TP. If the UE is not aware of a Single Frequency Network (SFN) for at least one TP in the OTDOA assistance data, the UE may use an autonomous gap to obtain the SFN of the OTDOA reference cell before requesting a measurement gap to perform Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) measurements.
- SFN Single Frequency Network
- RSTD Reference Signal Time Difference
- RSTD can be defined based on the smallest relative time difference between the boundaries of two subframes received from the reference cell and the measurement cell, respectively. That is, it can be calculated based on the relative time difference between the start time of the subframe of the reference cell that is closest to the start time of the subframe received from the measurement cell. Meanwhile, the reference cell can be selected by the UE.
- TOA time of arrival
- TP 1, TP 2, and TP 3 are measured respectively, and RSTD for TP 1-TP 2, RSTD for TP 2-TP 3, and RSTD for TP 3-TP 1 are calculated based on the three TOAs, and a geometric hyperbola is determined based on these, and the point where these hyperbolas intersect can be estimated as the position of the UE.
- the estimated position of the UE may be known within a certain range according to the measurement uncertainty.
- the RSTD for two TPs can be calculated based on Equation 1.
- c is the speed of light
- ⁇ x t , y t ⁇ are (unknown) coordinates of the target UE
- ⁇ x i , y i ⁇ are coordinates of the (known) TP
- ⁇ x 1 , y 1 ⁇ can be coordinates of the reference TP (or another TP).
- (T i -T 1 ) is the transmission time offset between the two TPs, which can be called "Real Time Differences" (RTDs)
- n i , n 1 can represent values related to the UE TOA measurement error.
- the location of the UE can be measured through geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and/or serving cell of the UE.
- the geographic information of the serving ng-eNB, serving gNB, and/or serving cell can be obtained through paging, registration, etc.
- the E-CID positioning method may utilize additional UE measurements and/or NG-RAN radio resources, in addition to the CID positioning method, to improve the UE position estimate.
- some of the same measurement methods as the measurement control system of the RRC protocol may be used, but generally, additional measurements are not performed only for position measurement of the UE.
- a separate measurement configuration or measurement control message may not be provided to measure the position of the UE, and the UE also does not expect to be requested to perform additional measurement operations only for position measurement, and may report measurements acquired through measurement methods that the UE can generally measure.
- a serving gNB can implement an E-CID location method using E-UTRA measurements provided from the UE.
- measurement elements that can be used for E-CID positioning include:
- E-UTRA RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
- E-UTRA RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
- UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx Time difference GERAN (GSM EDGE Random Access Network) /WLAN RSSI (Reference Signal Strength Indication)
- UTRAN CPICH Common Pilot Channel
- RSCP Receiveived Signal Code Power
- TADV can be divided into Type 1 and Type 2 as follows.
- TADV Type 1 (ng-eNB Rx-Tx Time Difference)+(UE E-UTRA Rx-Tx Time Difference)
- TADV Type 2 ng-eNB receive-transmit time difference
- AoA can be used to measure the direction of the UE.
- AoA can be defined as an estimated angle for the position of the UE in a counterclockwise direction from the base station/TP.
- the geographical reference direction can be north.
- the base station/TP can use an uplink signal such as a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) and/or a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) for AoA measurement.
- SRS Sounding Reference Signal
- DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal
- the larger the array of antenna arrays the higher the measurement accuracy of AoA, and when the antenna arrays are arranged at equal intervals, the signals received from adjacent antenna elements can have a constant phase change (Phase-Rotate).
- UTDOA is a method to determine the location of a UE by estimating the arrival time of an SRS.
- the serving cell is used as a reference cell, and the location of the UE can be estimated through the difference in arrival times with other cells (or base stations/TPs).
- the E-SMLC can designate the serving cell of a target UE to instruct the target UE to transmit SRS.
- the E-SMLC can provide configurations such as whether the SRS is periodic/aperiodic, bandwidth, and frequency/group/sequence hopping.
- RTT is a positioning technology that can measure the distance between a target entity and a server entity even when the time synchronization between the two entities is not correct. If RTT is performed with multiple server entities, the distance from each server entity is measured separately, and a circle is drawn using the distance measured from each server entity, and the absolute positioning of the target entity can be performed by the point where each circle intersects.
- entity #1 transmits PRS #1 at t1 and entity #2 receives said PRS #1 at t2, and after entity #2 receives said PRS #1, entity #2 transmits PRS #2 at t3 and entity #1 receives said PRS #2 at t4, then the distance D between the two entities can be obtained as follows.
- the RTT between the UE and the gNB can be calculated based on the above formula using the UE Rx - Tx time difference and the gNB Rx - Tx time difference in Table 19 and Table 21 below.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a double-side RTT (Round Trip Time) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 16 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- double-side RTT may be a positioning technique capable of measuring the distance between two entities even when there is a sampling clock frequency offset between the target entity and the server entity.
- double-side RTT is widely used in ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning and can reduce the impact of clock error.
- the propagation delay T ⁇ can be estimated by two measurements (e.g., T round1 , T round2 , T reply1 , T reply2 ).
- the propagation delay T(T ⁇ ) can be calculated based on mathematical expression 2.
- the propagation delay T(T ⁇ ) can be calculated based on mathematical expression 3.
- T round1 ⁇ T round2 T reply1 ⁇ T reply2 can be mathematical formula 4,
- mathematical expression 4 can be the same as mathematical expression 5.
- the propagation delay T(T ⁇ ) can be estimated as in mathematical expression 6.
- the error in propagation delay estimation due to clock error can be as shown in mathematical expression 7.
- e UE1 and e UE2 can be clock offsets of UE1 and UE2.
- the propagation delay T(T ⁇ ) can be the estimated propagation delay between UE1 and UE2.
- Table 16 shows the definition and usage examples of RSTD (Reference signal time difference) for E-UTRA.
- Table 17 is a table showing the definition and usage examples of DL PRS-RSRP (DL PRS reference signal received power).
- Table 18 shows the definition and usage examples of DL RSTD (DL relative signal time difference).
- Table 19 is a table showing the definition and use cases of UE Rx - Tx time difference.
- Table 20 is a table showing the definition of UL T UL-RTOA (UL Relative Time of Arrival).
- Table 21 is a table showing the definition of gNB Rx - Tx time difference.
- Table 22 is a table showing the definition of UL AoA (UL Angle of Arrival).
- Table 23 is a table showing the definition of UL SRS-RSRP (UL SRS reference signal received power).
- Table 24 is a table showing an example of PRS configuration.
- T-UE Target UE
- S-UE Server UE
- SL PRS transmission resources may be configured as an SL PRS resource set configured with at least one of the following information:
- SL PRS resource type - can be set to periodic or aperiodic or semi-persistent or on-demand
- - Path loss reference for SL PRS power control - Can be set to SL SSB or DL PRS or UL SRS or UL SRS for positioning or PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS or PSFCH or SL CSI RS, etc.
- the SL PRS resource set may be configured with SL PRS resources configured with at least one of the following information:
- SL PRS resource type - can be set to periodic or aperiodic or semi-persistent or on-demand
- SL PRS periodicity Periodicity in the time domain between SL PRS resources, physical or logical slot units of the resource pool in which the SL PRS is transmitted.
- SL PRS spatial relation - can be set to SL SSB or DL PRS or UL SRS or UL SRS for positioning or PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS or PSFCH or SL CSI RS, etc.
- a condition may need to be defined for an operation in which SL PRSs transmitted from different UEs in SL positioning are multiplexed within one slot based on comb/RE offset.
- conditions, methods and operations for multiplexing SL PRS resources transmitted from different UEs within one slot based on a comb (size)/resource element offset (comb/RE offset) based on an SL PRS comb pattern allowed in a resource pool, and a device supporting the same can be proposed.
- the UE in an SL resource pool to transmit an SL PRS, when one or more SL PRS (resources) (transmitted by different UEs) are multiplexed based on comb (size)/resource element offset (comb/RE offset) within one slot, the UE may perform the multiplexing by at least one operation(s) described under at least one of the following conditions.
- M may mean the number of SL PRS symbols in SL PRS configuration information
- N may mean the SL PRS comb size in SL PRS configuration information.
- a single (M,N) value can be (pre-)set in a resource pool.
- the priority associated with the SL PRS to be transmitted from the resource pool can be reported by the UE to the base station or LMF.
- the (M,N) values can be set (in advance) based on the above reported priorities.
- the (M,N) values can be (pre-)set based on the SL PRS configuration information associated with the highest priority (e.g., the smallest priority value) among the above reported priorities.
- one (M,N) value may be allowed for one slot.
- an (M,N) value that can be used for a specific slot can be determined based on sensing of SL PRS reserved resources.
- the (M,N) value associated with the SL PRS reservation resource with the highest priority can be selected.
- the (M,N) value associated with the SL PRS reservation resource that is temporally reserved earliest can be selected.
- the (M,N) value associated with the reserved SL PRS resource can be selected through the SCI associated with the previously transmitted SL PRS resource.
- the (M,N) value associated with the SL PRS reservation resource reserved by the largest number of UEs can be selected.
- SL PRS transmission based on (M,N) values that are identical to the (M,N) values associated with SL PRS resources reserved by other UEs may be allowed.
- SL PRS transmission may be allowed based on an offset having a different value than the offset associated with SL PRS resources reserved by other UEs.
- SL PRS transmission based on (M,N) values that do not conflict with SL PRS resources reserved by other UEs may be allowed.
- SL PRS transmission based on new (M,N) values may be allowed.
- the above action(s) may be limited to cases where the RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) value associated with SL PRS resources reserved by another UE is below a threshold value.
- RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
- the RSRP value may be the SL PRS RSRP value.
- the RSRP value may be a PSCCH/PSSCH DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal) RSRP value linked to the SL PRS.
- DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal
- SL PRS transmission based on new (M,N) values may be allowed.
- the above action(s) may be limited to cases where the RSRP value associated with SL PRS resources reserved by another UE is below a threshold value.
- the RSRP value may be the SL PRS RSRP value.
- the RSRP value may be a PSCCH/PSSCH DMRS RSRP value linked to the SL PRS.
- the multiplexing may be allowed only in a manner such as at least one of the following:
- the start symbol of the SL PRS1 and the start symbol of the SL PRS2 may be transmitted at the same time. Otherwise, a UE receiving the SL PRS1 or the SL PRS2 may experience AGC (automatic gain control) performance degradation.
- AGC automatic gain control
- the SL PSR may need to be transmitted so that the start symbol timings of the one or more SL PRSs are the same.
- ICI inter-channel interference
- synchronization references allowed for each resource pool can be set (in advance).
- comb/RE offset based multiplexing of SL PRSs transmitted by different UEs within a slot within a resource pool may be allowed only if GNSS is allowed as the highest priority synchronization criterion in the resource pool.
- TDM-based SL PRS multiplexing may be performed preferentially.
- comb/RE offset-based SL PRS multiplexing may be allowed only for SL PRS transmitted by UEs that use the SL synchronization reference included in the synchronization reference allowed for SL communication in the common resource pool as the synchronization reference.
- an efficient method can be proposed for multiplexing SL PRS resources transmitted from different UEs within one slot based on comb (size)/resource element offset (comb/RE offset), based on sensing of UEs, based on SL PRS comb patterns allowed in a resource pool.
- a slot transmitting an SL PRS in a common resource pool may cause problems in the operation of SL communication UEs because the SL communication UEs cannot decode the slot.
- a method for performing SL positioning by transmitting and receiving SL PRS without affecting the operations of SL communication UEs in a common resource pool can be proposed.
- a UE performing SL positioning in a common resource pool may transmit SL PRS in at least one of the following ways:
- transmission of the SL PRS in the slot can be indicated through an SCI associated with the SL PRS to prevent SL communication UEs from incorrectly decoding the slot.
- a slot may be periodically set in the resource pool in which a PSFCH is transmitted for HARQ feedback transmission for a PSSCH transmitted for SL communication.
- a UE transmitting an SL PRS may transmit the SL PRS only through a slot in which the PSFCH is not transmitted.
- a UE performing SL positioning can perform sensing within a sensing window for resource selection, excluding the slot for transmitting the PSFCH.
- the UE performing the SL positioning can configure the sensing window only with slots in which the PSFCH is not transmitted.
- the sensing window may be configured to include a slot in which the PSFCH is transmitted.
- a UE performing SL positioning can determine a candidate resource set for resource selection in slots excluding the slot in which the PSFCH is transmitted within a selection window for resource selection.
- the candidate resource set may be configured including a slot in which the PSFCH is transmitted.
- the UE performing the SL positioning can configure the selection window only with slots in which the PSFCH is not transmitted.
- the selection window may be configured to include a slot in which the PSFCH is transmitted.
- a UE transmitting SL PRS can exclude (from selection) candidate resources included in the slot in which PSFCH is transmitted from the candidate resource set for SL PRS transmission.
- the UE may not exclude (from selection) the candidate resource including the slot in which the PSFCH is transmitted.
- a candidate resource excluded by being included in the slot in which the PSFCH is transmitted may be included again in the candidate resources.
- the (above) described operation(s) may be limited to cases where the number of symbols of the SL PRS to be transmitted is greater than or equal to a threshold value.
- the SL PRS can be transmitted through resources not used for PSFCH transmission within the PSFCH symbol.
- an efficient method for SL positioning by transmitting and receiving SL PRS without affecting the operations of SL communication UEs in a common resource pool can be proposed.
- a target UE may mean a device (e.g., a UE) whose distance, direction and/or position is measured with the assistance of one or more anchor devices (e.g., Anchor UEs) using a Uu link/sidelink.
- anchor devices e.g., Anchor UEs
- an anchor UE may mean a device (e.g., a UE) that supports location confirmation of a target UE, and/or may mean a device (e.g., a UE) that performs transmission and reception of reference signals for positioning, provision of positioning-related information, etc. using a Uu link/side link.
- a location server may mean a device (e.g., UE, gNB, LMF, E-SMLC, SUPL SLP) that provides location method determination, assistance data distribution and/or location calculation capabilities for positioning and ranging based services, and/or may mean a device (e.g., UE) that interacts with other devices (e.g., UEs) via PC5, etc. as needed to determine ranging/location methods, distribute assistance data and calculate the location of a target UE, and/or a target UE or an anchor UE may act as a location server (e.g., server UE) if any of the above capabilities are supported.
- a location server e.g., server UE
- positioning may include at least one of two positionings depending on a position calculation subject.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining a problem of a method for performing wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 17 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- resources of RS may be provided by a base station within a resource pool, or may be selected (determined) by a UE within the resource pool.
- the resource pool may include a dedicated resource pool that is available for RS transmission but not for physical shared channel (e.g., PSSCH) transmission.
- resources within the dedicated resource pool may be configured for RS transmission in units of one slot (e.g., FIG. 17).
- a symbol occupied by an RS may be a symbol excluding an automatic gain control (AGC) symbol and a gap symbol.
- AGC automatic gain control
- control information transmitted via a physical control channel may include information indicating a first RS resource.
- the control information may include information for reserving a second RS resource.
- RSs transmitted within a dedicated resource pool may not be multiplexed with a physical shared channel, so that collisions with SL communications do not become a problem.
- the resource pool may include a shared resource pool that is available for both physical shared channels (e.g., PSSCH) and RS transmission.
- a shared resource pool may be multiplexed with a physical shared channel. Therefore, for example, an RS transmitted within the shared resource pool may have a collision problem with SL communications, and interference to SL communications within the shared resource pool may be increased.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a procedure for performing wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 18 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- a positioning group may be formed between, for example, a target UE and server/anchor UE(s).
- the target UE and/or anchor UE(s) may obtain information related to RS (e.g., PRS) for (SL) positioning (e.g., from a base station (location server, from (pre-)configuration of the target UE/anchor UE)).
- the information related to RS may include at least one of information related to RS resource ID, information related to RS resource element offset, information related to RS comb size (resource element spacing), information related to RS starting symbol, or information related to number of symbols in a slot.
- the information related to RS may include at least one of information related to whether multiplexing of RS is allowed, or information related to allowed resource element offsets between different RSs if multiplexing of RS is allowed, or information related to differences between resource element offsets between different RSs if multiplexing of RS is allowed.
- the target UE and/or the anchor UE(s) may obtain information related to a resource pool.
- the resource pool may include a shared resource pool that is available for both a physical shared channel (e.g., PSSCH) and RS transmission.
- the information related to the resource pool may include information related to a configuration of a feedback channel.
- the configuration of the feedback channel may include at least one of information about whether feedback is enabled, information about a period of feedback channel resources, information about a number of feedback channel resources, information about a physical resource block (PRB) used for the feedback channel, or information about a minimum time gap between physical shared channels.
- PRB physical resource block
- RS transmission/RS reception may not be performed based on the fact that a feedback channel is established in at least one RS resource in the resource pool.
- the target UE and/or the anchor UE may select at least one RS resource from a set of resources in the resource pool, excluding feedback channel resources.
- the set of resources may include a set of candidate transmission resources that are reported to a higher layer that ultimately selects resources for RS transmission.
- the set of resources may include a set of candidate resources within a resource selection window.
- the set of resources may include a set of resources that are selected (e.g., excluded remaining, remaining) within the resource selection window based on sensing.
- the target UE can receive the first RS (e.g., the 1-1 RS, the 1-2 RS) from the anchor UE(s).
- the first RS e.g., the 1-1 RS, the 1-2 RS
- the target UE may select resources associated with the RS within the resource pool(s) by itself (e.g., resource allocation mode 2). For example, the target UE may select resources associated with the first RS within the resource pool(s) within a resource selection window based on sensing. For example, the target UE may obtain/consider information about RS priority and/or delay budget when selecting/determining resources. For example, the target UE and/or the anchor UE may select at least one RS resource from among a set of resources remaining in the resource pool excluding feedback channel resources when triggering resource selection.
- an anchor UE can monitor a second RS.
- the target UE can transmit a second RS (e.g., 2-1RS, 2-2RS) to the anchor UE(s).
- a second RS e.g., 2-1RS, 2-2RS
- the target UE can obtain information about the reception time of the RS.
- the target UE and/or the server UE can obtain information about the reception-transmission time difference of the anchor UE (e.g., t3-t0) (e.g., from the target UE, from the (pre-)configuration of the target UE/anchor UE).
- the target UE and/or the server UE can obtain information about the reception-transmission time difference of the target UE (e.g., -(t2-t1), (t2-t1)) (e.g., from the anchor UE, from the (pre-)configuration of the target UE/anchor UE).
- SL positioning e.g., TDOA positioning, single-side RTT positioning/double-side RTT positioning
- the server UE and/or the target UE can obtain (e.g., receive/set, estimate, calculate, compute, verify, measure) information about the location of the target UE based on information about the reception time of the target UE/the reception-transmission time difference of the target UE/the reception-transmission time difference of the anchor UE.
- communication within a common resource pool that is available for both PSSCH transmission and PRS transmission can be performed smoothly.
- interference to SL communication can be reduced by ensuring that PRS transmission resources are not overlappingly selected (configured) with periodically configured resources such as PSFCH resources.
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed service type-specifically (or differently or independently).
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed (or differently or independently) (LCH or service) priority-specifically.
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed (or differently or independently) QoS requirement-specifically (or differently or independently).
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed PQI parameter-specifically (or differently or independently).
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed HARQ feedback ENABLED LCH/MAC PDU (transmission)-specifically (or differently or independently).
- the rule application status and/or the proposed scheme/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for HARQ feedback DISABLED LCH/MAC PDU (transmission).
- the rule application status and/or the proposed scheme/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for CBR measurement value of resource pool.
- the rule application status and/or the proposed scheme/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL cast type (e.g., unicast, groupcast, broadcast).
- the rule application status and/or the proposed scheme/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL groupcast HARQ feedback option (e.g., NACK only feedback, ACK/NACK feedback, NACK only feedback based on TX-RX distance).
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a SL mode 1 CG type (e.g., SL CG type 1 or SL CG type 2).
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a SL mode type (e.g., mode 1 or mode 2).
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a resource pool.
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a resource pool in which PSFCH resources are configured.
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a source (L2) ID.
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a destination (L2) ID.
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a PC5 RRC connection link.
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for an SL link.
- the rule applicability and/or the proposed method/rule related parameter values of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a connection state (with a base station) (e.g., RRC CONNECTED state, IDLE state, INACTIVE state).
- a connection state with a base station
- e.g., RRC CONNECTED state, IDLE state, INACTIVE state e.g., whether the rule is applicable and/or the parameter values related to the proposed scheme/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a SL HARQ process (ID).
- ID SL HARQ process
- whether the rule is applicable and/or the parameter values related to the proposed scheme/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for whether the SL DRX operation (of a TX UE or an RX UE) is performed.
- whether the rule is applicable and/or the parameter values related to the proposed scheme/rule of the present disclosure can be set/allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for whether the power saving (TX or RX) UE is performed.
- the rule applicability and/or the parameter values related to the proposed scheme/rule of the present disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) set/allowed when (from a specific UE perspective) PSFCH TX and PSFCH RX (and/or multiple PSFCH TXs (exceeding UE capability)) overlap (and/or PSFCH TX (and/or PSFCH RX) are omitted).
- the rule applicability and/or the parameter values related to the proposed scheme/rule of the present disclosure can be specifically (or differently or independently) set/allowed when the RX UE actually (successfully) receives a PSCCH (and/or PSSCH) (re)transmission from the TX UE.
- the setting (or designation) wording may be extended to mean a form in which a base station notifies a terminal through a predefined (physical layer or higher layer) channel/signal (e.g., SIB, RRC, MAC CE) (and/or a form provided through pre-configuration and/or a form in which a terminal notifies another terminal through a predefined (physical layer or higher layer) channel/signal (e.g., SL MAC CE, PC5 RRC)), etc.
- a predefined (physical layer or higher layer) channel/signal e.g., SIB, RRC, MAC CE
- SL MAC CE Physical layer or higher layer
- the PSFCH wording can be extended to (NR or LTE) PSSCH (and/or (NR or LTE) PSCCH) (and/or (NR or LTE) SL SSB (and/or UL channel/signal)).
- the proposed schemes of the present disclosure can be extended (in a new form) by being combined with each other.
- a specific threshold value may mean a threshold value that is defined in advance, or set (in advance) by a higher layer (including an application layer) of a network or a base station or a terminal.
- a specific setting value may mean a value that is defined in advance, or set (in advance) by a higher layer (including an application layer) of a network or a base station or a terminal.
- an operation that is set by a network/base station may mean an operation that the base station sets (in advance) to the UE via higher layer RRC signaling, sets/signals to the UE via MAC CE, or signals to the UE via DCI.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 19 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the first device may trigger resource selection for RS transmission.
- the first device may select an RS resource from a resource set based on the resource selection being triggered.
- the first device may perform RS transmission based on the selected RS resource. For example, resources related to a feedback channel may be excluded from the resource set.
- the RS may include an RS for positioning.
- the set of resources may include a set of candidate transmission resources that are reported to a higher layer.
- the resources associated with the feedback channel may be excluded from the set of candidate transmission resources.
- the resource associated with the feedback channel may be included in the resource set based on a number of resources included in the resource set being less than a threshold.
- the resource set may include a candidate resource set within a resource selection window determined based on slot n in which the resource selection is triggered.
- the resources associated with the feedback channel may be excluded from the set of candidate resources.
- At least one first resource may be selected within the resource selection window based on sensing.
- the set of resources may include a set of resources within a resource pool.
- information related to the resource pool including information related to the feedback channel, may be obtained.
- the information related to the feedback channel may include at least one of information regarding whether feedback is enabled or information regarding the period of the feedback channel resource.
- the resource pool may include a shared resource pool used for transmission of both the RS and the physical shared channel.
- information regarding a priority value associated with the RS may be obtained.
- a higher priority value may result in a lower priority associated with the RS.
- the resource associated with the feedback channel may be excluded from the resource set.
- the RS transmission may not be performed based on the feedback channel being established within at least one of the selected RS resources or RS resources provided from the base station.
- information about the number of symbols of the RS in one slot can be obtained.
- the resource associated with the feedback channel may be excluded from the resource set based on the number of symbols being greater than or equal to a threshold.
- control information related to the RS including information for identifying a resource used for the RS transmission, may be transmitted.
- the memory (104) of the first device (100) may have instructions recorded thereon that cause the first device (e.g., the processor (102), the transceiver (106)) to perform operations based on being executed by the processor (102).
- the operations may include at least one of: the step of triggering resource selection for transmission of an RS (reference signal); the step of selecting an RS resource from a resource set based on the resource selection being triggered; and/or the step of performing RS transmission based on the selected RS resource; wherein a resource related to a feedback channel may be excluded from the resource set.
- a first device performing wireless communication may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory executably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that cause the first device to perform operations based on being executed by the at least one processor.
- the operations may include at least one of: triggering resource selection for transmission of a reference signal (RS); selecting an RS resource from a set of resources based on the resource selection being triggered; and/or performing RS transmission based on the selected RS resource; wherein a resource related to a feedback channel may be excluded from the set of resources.
- RS reference signal
- a processing device adapted to control a first device.
- the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory executable to the at least one processor, and having instructions recorded thereon, which cause the first device to perform operations based on being executed by the at least one processor.
- the operations may include at least one of: triggering a resource selection for transmission of a reference signal (RS); selecting an RS resource from a set of resources based on the resource selection being triggered; and/or performing RS transmission based on the selected RS resource; wherein a resource associated with a feedback channel may be excluded from the set of resources.
- RS reference signal
- a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may cause a first device to perform operations.
- the operations may include at least one of: triggering a resource selection for transmission of a reference signal (RS); selecting an RS resource from a set of resources based on the resource selection being triggered; and/or performing RS transmission based on the selected RS resource; wherein a resource related to a feedback channel may be excluded from the set of resources.
- RS reference signal
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 20 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the second device may obtain information related to a resource pool for reception of an RS (reference signal). For example, the second device may perform RS reception based on an RS resource. For example, resource selection for transmission of the RS may be triggered. For example, an RS resource may be selected from a resource set based on the resource selection being triggered. For example, a resource related to a feedback channel may be excluded from the resource set.
- RS reference signal
- the RS may include an RS for positioning.
- the set of resources may include a set of candidate transmission resources that are reported to a higher layer.
- the resources associated with the feedback channel may be excluded from the set of candidate transmission resources.
- the resource associated with the feedback channel may be included in the resource set based on a number of resources included in the resource set being less than a threshold.
- the resource set may include a candidate resource set within a resource selection window determined based on slot n in which the resource selection is triggered.
- the resources associated with the feedback channel may be excluded from the set of candidate resources.
- At least one first resource may be selected within the resource selection window based on sensing.
- the set of resources may include a set of resources within a resource pool.
- information related to the resource pool including information related to the feedback channel, may be obtained.
- the information related to the feedback channel may include at least one of information regarding whether feedback is enabled or information regarding the period of the feedback channel resource.
- the resource pool may include a shared resource pool used for transmission of both the RS and the physical shared channel.
- information regarding a priority value associated with the RS may be obtained.
- a higher priority value may result in a lower priority associated with the RS.
- the resource associated with the feedback channel may be excluded from the resource set.
- the RS transmission may not be performed based on the feedback channel being established within at least one of the selected RS resources or RS resources provided from the base station.
- information about the number of symbols of the RS in one slot can be obtained.
- the resource associated with the feedback channel may be excluded from the resource set based on the number of symbols being greater than or equal to a threshold.
- control information related to the RS including information for identifying a resource used for the RS transmission, may be transmitted.
- the memory (204) of the second device (200) may have instructions recorded therein that cause the second device (e.g., the processor (202), the transceiver (206)) to perform operations based on being executed by the processor (202).
- the operations may include at least one of: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reception of an RS (reference signal); and/or performing RS reception based on an RS resource; wherein resource selection for transmission of the RS may be triggered, and based on the resource selection being triggered, an RS resource may be selected from a resource set, and/or a resource related to a feedback channel may be excluded from the resource set.
- a second device performing wireless communication may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory executably connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that cause the second device to perform operations based on being executed by the at least one processor.
- the operations may include at least one of: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reception of a reference signal (RS); and/or performing RS reception based on an RS resource; wherein resource selection for transmission of the RS may be triggered, and based on the resource selection being triggered, an RS resource may be selected from a resource set, and/or a resource related to a feedback channel may be excluded from the resource set.
- RS reference signal
- a processing apparatus configured to control a second device.
- the apparatus may include at least one processor; and at least one memory that is executable and coupled to the at least one processor and has instructions recorded thereon, which cause the second device to perform operations based on being executed by the at least one processor.
- the operations may include at least one of: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reception of a reference signal (RS); and/or performing RS reception based on an RS resource; wherein resource selection for transmission of the RS may be triggered, and based on the resource selection being triggered, an RS resource may be selected from a set of resources, and/or a resource related to a feedback channel may be excluded from the set of resources.
- RS reference signal
- a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon may cause a second device to perform operations.
- the operations may include at least one of: obtaining information related to a resource pool for reception of a reference signal (RS); and/or performing RS reception based on an RS resource; wherein resource selection for transmission of the RS may be triggered, and based on the resource selection being triggered, an RS resource may be selected from a resource set, and/or a resource related to a feedback channel may be excluded from the resource set.
- RS reference signal
- Fig. 21 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of Fig. 21 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network.
- the wireless device means a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication/wireless/5G device.
- the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Thing) device (100f), and an AI device/server (400).
- the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc.
- the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and/or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)).
- UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
- AV Aerial Vehicle
- AAM Advanced Air Mobility
- the XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR)/Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc.
- the portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc.
- the home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc.
- the IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc.
- a base station and a network may also be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device (200a) may act as a base station/network node to other wireless devices.
- the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication.
- NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and/or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names.
- the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology.
- LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication).
- the LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and/or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names.
- the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names.
- ZigBee technology can create PAN (personal area networks) related to small/low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.
- Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300).
- the network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc.
- the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200)/network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station/network.
- vehicles can communicate directly (e.g. V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle)/V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication).
- IoT devices e.g., sensors
- IoT devices can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).
- Wireless communication/connection can be established between wireless devices (100a to 100f)/base stations (200), and base stations (200)/base stations (200).
- the wireless communication/connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul)).
- 5G NR wireless access technologies
- a wireless device and a base station/wireless device, and a base station and a base station can transmit/receive wireless signals to/from each other.
- the wireless communication/connection can transmit/receive signals through various physical channels.
- various configuration information setting processes for transmitting/receiving wireless signals various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, resource mapping/demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 22 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 22 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR).
- ⁇ the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200) ⁇ can correspond to ⁇ the wireless device (100x), the base station (200) ⁇ and/or ⁇ the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x) ⁇ of FIG. 21.
- a first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (106) and/or one or more antennas (108).
- the processor (102) controls the memory (104) and/or the transceiver (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
- the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information/signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information/signal via the transceiver (106).
- the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information/signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information/signal in the memory (104).
- the memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software codes including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
- the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR).
- the transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108).
- the transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
- the transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit.
- a wireless device may also mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
- the second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (206) and/or one or more antennas (208).
- the processor (202) may be configured to control the memories (204) and/or the transceivers (206), and implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information/signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information/signals via the transceivers (206). Additionally, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information/signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information/signals in the memory (204).
- the memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software codes including instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present document.
- the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR).
- the transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208).
- the transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
- the transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit.
- a wireless device may also mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
- one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202).
- processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP).
- processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
- PDUs Protocol Data Units
- SDUs Service Data Units
- One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document.
- One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) comprising PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, suggestions and/or methodologies disclosed herein and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206).
- One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.
- signals e.g., baseband signals
- the one or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer.
- the one or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
- ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
- DSPs Digital Signal Processors
- DSPDs Digital Signal Processing Devices
- PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
- FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc.
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more of the following: included in one or more processors (102, 202), or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more of the processors (102, 202).
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and/or sets of instructions.
- One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and/or commands.
- the one or more memories (104, 204) may be comprised of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer readable storage media and/or combinations thereof.
- the one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and/or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.
- One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc., as described in the methods and/or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices.
- One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices.
- one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals.
- one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, and the like, as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208).
- one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas, or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports).
- One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert received user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).
- One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert processed user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors (102, 202).
- one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and/or filter.
- FIG. 23 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of FIG. 23 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060).
- the operations/functions of FIG. 23 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and/or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 22.
- the hardware elements of FIG. 23 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and/or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 22.
- blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 22.
- blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 22, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 22.
- the codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of Fig. 23.
- the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block.
- the information block can include a transport block (e.g., UL-SCH transport block, DL-SCH transport block).
- the wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH, PDSCH).
- the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010).
- the scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc.
- the scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020).
- the modulation scheme may include pi/2-BPSK (pi/2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc.
- the complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030).
- the modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding).
- the output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M.
- N is the number of antenna ports
- M is the number of transmission layers.
- the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. Additionally, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.
- the resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources.
- the time-frequency resources can include a plurality of symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain.
- the signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna.
- the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.
- IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
- CP Cyclic Prefix
- DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter
- a signal processing process for a received signal in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order to the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 23.
- a wireless device e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 22
- the received wireless signal can be converted into a baseband signal through a signal restorer.
- the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module.
- ADC analog-to-digital converter
- FFT fast Fourier transform
- a signal processing circuit for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler and a decoder.
- FIG. 24 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use-case/service (see FIG. 21).
- the embodiment of FIG. 24 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 22 and may be composed of various elements, components, units/units, and/or modules.
- the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and an additional element (140).
- the communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114).
- the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and/or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 22.
- the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and/or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 22.
- the control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls overall operations of the wireless device.
- the control unit (120) may control electrical/mechanical operations of the wireless device based on programs/codes/commands/information stored in the memory unit (130).
- control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless/wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless/wired interface in the memory unit (130).
- the additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device.
- the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit/battery, an input/output unit (I/O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit.
- the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (FIG. 21, 100a), a vehicle (FIG. 21, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (FIG. 21, 100c), a portable device (FIG. 21, 100d), a home appliance (FIG. 21, 100e), an IoT device (FIG.
- Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary, depending on the use/service.
- various elements, components, units/parts, and/or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110).
- the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110).
- each element, component, unit/part, and/or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements.
- the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets.
- control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an ECU (Electronic Control Unit), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc.
- memory unit (130) may be composed of a RAM (Random Access Memory), a DRAM (Dynamic RAM), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and/or a combination thereof.
- FIG. 25 illustrates a portable device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the portable device may include a smart phone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, a smart glass), a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.).
- the portable device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT).
- the embodiment of FIG. 25 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input/output unit (140c).
- the antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110).
- Blocks 110 to 130/140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130/140 of FIG. 24, respectively.
- the communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations.
- the control unit (120) can control components of the portable device (100) to perform various operations.
- the control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor).
- the memory unit (130) can store data/parameters/programs/codes/commands required for operating the portable device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input/output data/information, etc.
- the power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the portable device (100) and can include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc.
- the interface unit (140b) can support connection between the portable device (100) and other external devices.
- the interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input/output ports, video input/output ports) for connection with external devices.
- the input/output unit (140c) can input or output image information/signals, audio information/signals, data, and/or information input from a user.
- the input/output unit (140c) can include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and/or a haptic module.
- the input/output unit (140c) obtains information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information/signals can be stored in the memory unit (130).
- the communication unit (110) converts the information/signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station.
- the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information/signals.
- the restored information/signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input/output unit (140c).
- FIG. 26 illustrates a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned/unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc.
- the embodiment of FIG. 26 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.
- a vehicle or autonomous vehicle may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a driving unit (140a), a power supply unit (140b), a sensor unit (140c), and an autonomous driving unit (140d).
- the antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110).
- Blocks 110/130/140a to 140d correspond to blocks 110/130/140 of FIG. 24, respectively.
- the communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., base stations, road side units, etc.), servers, etc.
- the control unit (120) can control elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) to perform various operations.
- the control unit (120) can include an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).
- the drive unit (140a) can drive the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) on the ground.
- the drive unit (140a) can include an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc.
- the power supply unit (140b) supplies power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) and can include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc.
- the sensor unit (140c) can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc.
- the sensor unit (140c) may include an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an incline sensor, a weight detection sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward/backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc.
- IMU intial measurement unit
- the autonomous driving unit (140d) may implement a technology for maintaining a driving lane, a technology for automatically controlling speed such as adaptive cruise control, a technology for automatically driving along a set path, a technology for automatically setting a path and driving when a destination is set, etc.
- the communication unit (110) can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server.
- the autonomous driving unit (140d) can generate an autonomous driving route and a driving plan based on the acquired data.
- the control unit (120) can control the driving unit (140a) so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) moves along the autonomous driving route according to the driving plan (e.g., speed/direction control).
- the communication unit (110) can irregularly/periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and can acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles.
- the sensor unit (140c) can acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information during autonomous driving.
- the autonomous driving unit (140d) can update the autonomous driving route and driving plan based on the newly acquired data/information.
- the communication unit (110) can transmit information on the vehicle location, autonomous driving route, driving plan, etc. to an external server.
- External servers can predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology, etc. based on information collected from vehicles or autonomous vehicles, and provide the predicted traffic information data to vehicles or autonomous vehicles.
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Abstract
Description
| Per device peak data rate | 1 Tbps |
| E2E latency | 1 ms |
| Maximum spectral efficiency | 100bps/Hz |
| Mobility support | Up to 1000km/hr |
| Satellite integration | Fully |
| AI | Fully |
| Autonomous vehicle | Fully |
| XR | Fully |
| Haptic Communication | Fully |
| CP 타입 | SCS (15*2u) | Nslot symb | Nframe,u slot | Nsubframe,u slot |
| 노멀 CP | 15kHz (u=0) | 14 | 10 | 1 |
| 30kHz (u=1) | 14 | 20 | 2 | |
| 60kHz (u=2) | 14 | 40 | 4 | |
| 120kHz (u=3) | 14 | 80 | 8 | |
| 240kHz (u=4) | 14 | 160 | 16 | |
| 확장 CP | 60kHz (u=2) | 12 | 40 | 4 |
| Frequency Range designation | Corresponding frequency range | Subcarrier Spacing (SCS) |
| FR1 | 450MHz - 6000MHz | 15, 30, 60kHz |
| FR2 | 24250MHz - 52600MHz | 60, 120, 240kHz |
| Frequency Range designation | Corresponding frequency range | Subcarrier Spacing (SCS) |
| FR1 | 410MHz - 7125MHz | 15, 30, 60kHz |
| FR2 (FR 2-1) | 24250MHz - 52600MHz | 60, 120, 240kHz |
| FR2 (FR 2-2) | 52600MHz - 71000MHz | 60, 120, 240, 480, 960 kHz |
| Value of 2nd-stage SCI format field | 2nd-stage SCI format |
| 00 | SCI format 2-A |
| 01 | SCI format 2-B |
| 10 | Reserved |
| 11 | Reserved |
| Value of the Number of DMRS port field | Antenna ports |
| 0 | 1000 |
| 1 | 1000 and 1001 |
| Value of Cast type indicator | Cast type |
| 00 | Broadcast |
| 01 | Groupcast when HARQ-ACK information includes ACK or NACK |
| 10 | Unicast |
| 11 | Groupcast when HARQ-ACK information includes only NACK |
| NPSFCH CS | m0 | |||||
| 순환 시프트 페어 인덱스 0 | 순환 시프트 페어 인덱스 1 | 순환 시프트 페어 인덱스 2 | 순환 시프트 페어 인덱스 3 | 순환 시프트 페어 인덱스 4 | 순환 시프트 페어 인덱스 5 | |
| 1 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2 | 0 | 3 | - | - | - | - |
| 3 | 0 | 2 | 4 | - | - | - |
| 6 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| HARQ-ACK Value | 0 (NACK) | 1 (ACK) |
| Sequence cyclic shift | 0 | 6 |
| HARQ-ACK Value | 0 (NACK) | 1 (ACK) |
| Sequence cyclic shift | 0 | N/A |
Claims (19)
- 제 1 장치가 무선 통신을 수행하는 방법에 있어서,RS(reference signal)의 전송을 위한 자원 선택을 트리거하는 단계;상기 자원 선택이 트리거된 것을 기반으로, 자원 집합 중에서 RS 자원을 선택하는 단계; 및상기 선택된 RS 자원을 기반으로, RS 전송을 수행하는 단계;를 포함하되,피드백 채널(feedback channel)과 관련된 자원은 상기 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 RS는 측위(positioning)을 위한 RS를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 자원 집합은 상위 계층(higher layer)에게 보고(report)되는 후보 전송 자원 집합을 포함하고, 및상기 피드백 채널과 관련된 상기 자원은 상기 후보 전송 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 자원 집합에 포함된 자원의 개수가 임계값 미만인 것을 기반으로, 상기 피드백 채널과 관련된 상기 자원은 상기 자원 집합에 포함되는, 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 자원 집합은 상기 자원 선택이 트리거된 슬롯 n을 기반으로 결정된 자원 선택 윈도우 내의 후보(candidate) 자원 집합을 포함하고, 및상기 피드백 채널과 관련된 상기 자원은 상기 후보 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 방법.
- 제 5 항에 있어서,상기 피드백 채널과 관련된 상기 자원이 제외된 상기 후보 자원 집합 중, 센싱(sensing)을 기반으로 상기 자원 선택 윈도우 내에서 적어도 하나의 제 1 자원을 선택하는 단계;를 더 포함하는, 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 자원 집합은 자원 풀(resource pool) 내의 자원 집합을 포함하고, 및상기 피드백 채널과 관련된 정보를 포함하는, 상기 자원 풀과 관련된 정보를 획득하는 단계;를 더 포함하고,상기 피드백 채널과 관련된 상기 정보는 피드백의 인에이블 여부에 관한 정보 또는 피드백 채널 자원의 주기(period)에 관한 정보 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서,상기 자원 풀은 상기 RS 및 물리적 공유 채널(physical shared channel) 모두(both)의 전송에 사용되는 공용 자원 풀(shared resource pool)을 포함하는, 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 RS와 관련된 우선순위 값(priority value)에 관한 정보를 획득하는 단계;를 더 포함하고,상기 우선순위 값이 클수록 RS와 관련된 우선순위는 낮아지고, 및상기 우선순위 값이 임계값 이상인 것을 기반으로, 상기 피드백 채널과 관련된 상기 자원은 상기 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 선택된 RS 자원 또는 기지국으로부터 제공되는(provided) RS 자원 중 적어도 하나의 RS 자원 내에 상기 피드백 채널이 설정된 것을 기반으로, 상기 RS 전송은 수행되지 않는, 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,하나의 슬롯 내 상기 RS의 심볼의 개수(number of symbol)에 관한 정보를 획득하는 단계;를 더 포함하고,상기 심볼의 개수가 임계값 이상인 것을 기반으로, 상기 피드백 채널과 관련된 상기 자원은 상기 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 RS 전송에 사용되는 자원을 식별(identify)하기 위한 정보를 포함하는, 상기 RS와 관련된 제어 정보(control information)을 전송하는 단계;를 더 포함하는, 방법.
- 무선 통신을 수행하는 제 1 장치에 있어서,적어도 하나의 송수신기;적어도 하나의 프로세서; 및상기 적어도 하나의 프로세서에 실행 가능하게 연결되고, 및 상기 적어도 하나의 프로세서에 의해 실행되는 것을 기반으로 상기 제 1 장치로 하여금 동작들을 수행하게 하는 명령들을 기록하고 있는 적어도 하나의 메모리를 포함하되, 상기 동작들은:RS(reference signal)의 전송을 위한 자원 선택을 트리거하는 단계;상기 자원 선택이 트리거된 것을 기반으로, 자원 집합 중에서 RS 자원을 선택하는 단계; 및상기 선택된 RS 자원을 기반으로, RS 전송을 수행하는 단계;를 포함하되,피드백 채널(feedback channel)과 관련된 자원은 상기 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 제 1 장치.
- 제 1 장치를 제어하도록 설정된(adapted to) 프로세싱 장치(processing device)에 있어서,상기 프로세싱 장치는,적어도 하나의 프로세서; 및상기 적어도 하나의 프로세서에 실행 가능하게 연결될 수 있고, 및 상기 적어도 하나의 프로세서에 의해 실행되는 것을 기반으로 상기 제 1 장치로 하여금 동작들을 수행하게 하는 명령들을 기록하고 있는 적어도 하나의 메모리를 포함하되, 상기 동작들은:RS(reference signal)의 전송을 위한 자원 선택을 트리거하는 단계;상기 자원 선택이 트리거된 것을 기반으로, 자원 집합 중에서 RS 자원을 선택하는 단계; 및상기 선택된 RS 자원을 기반으로, RS 전송을 수행하는 단계;를 포함하되,피드백 채널(feedback channel)과 관련된 자원은 상기 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 프로세싱 장치.
- 명령어들을 기록하고 있는 비-일시적 컴퓨터 판독가능 저장 매체로서,상기 명령어들은, 실행될 때, 제 1 장치로 하여금 동작들을 수행하게 하되, 상기 동작들은:RS(reference signal)의 전송을 위한 자원 선택을 트리거하는 단계;상기 자원 선택이 트리거된 것을 기반으로, 자원 집합 중에서 RS 자원을 선택하는 단계; 및상기 선택된 RS 자원을 기반으로, RS 전송을 수행하는 단계;를 포함하되,피드백 채널(feedback channel)과 관련된 자원은 상기 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 비-일시적 컴퓨터 판독가능 저장 매체.
- 제 2 장치가 무선 통신을 수행하는 방법에 있어서,RS(reference signal)의 수신을 위한 자원 풀과 관련된 정보를 획득하는 단계; 및RS 자원을 기반으로, RS 수신을 수행하는 단계;를 포함하되,RS의 전송을 위한 자원 선택이 트리거되고,상기 자원 선택이 트리거된 것을 기반으로, 자원 집합 중에서 RS 자원이 선택되고, 및피드백 채널(feedback channel)과 관련된 자원은 상기 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 방법.
- 무선 통신을 수행하는 제 2 장치에 있어서,적어도 하나의 송수신기;적어도 하나의 프로세서; 및상기 적어도 하나의 프로세서에 실행 가능하게 연결되고, 및 상기 적어도 하나의 프로세서에 의해 실행되는 것을 기반으로 상기 제 2 장치로 하여금 동작들을 수행하게 하는 명령들을 기록하고 있는 적어도 하나의 메모리를 포함하되, 상기 동작들은:RS(reference signal)의 수신을 위한 자원 풀과 관련된 정보를 획득하는 단계; 및RS 자원을 기반으로, RS 수신을 수행하는 단계;를 포함하되,RS의 전송을 위한 자원 선택이 트리거되고,상기 자원 선택이 트리거된 것을 기반으로, 자원 집합 중에서 RS 자원이 선택되고, 및피드백 채널(feedback channel)과 관련된 자원은 상기 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 제 2 장치.
- 제 2 장치를 제어하도록 설정된(adapted to) 프로세싱 장치(apparatus)에 있어서, 상기 프로세싱 장치는,적어도 하나의 프로세서; 및상기 적어도 하나의 프로세서에 실행 가능하게 연결될 수 있고, 및 상기 적어도 하나의 프로세서에 의해 실행되는 것을 기반으로 상기 제 2 장치로 하여금 동작들을 수행하게 하는 명령들을 기록하고 있는 적어도 하나의 메모리를 포함하되, 상기 동작들은:RS(reference signal)의 수신을 위한 자원 풀과 관련된 정보를 획득하는 단계; 및RS 자원을 기반으로, RS 수신을 수행하는 단계;를 포함하되,RS의 전송을 위한 자원 선택이 트리거되고,상기 자원 선택이 트리거된 것을 기반으로, 자원 집합 중에서 RS 자원이 선택되고, 및피드백 채널(feedback channel)과 관련된 자원은 상기 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 프로세싱 장치.
- 명령어들을 기록하고 있는 비-일시적 컴퓨터 판독가능 저장 매체로서,상기 명령어들은, 실행될 때, 제 2 장치로 하여금 동작들을 수행하게 하되, 상기 동작들은:RS(reference signal)의 수신을 위한 자원 풀과 관련된 정보를 획득하는 단계; 및RS 자원을 기반으로, RS 수신을 수행하는 단계;를 포함하되,RS의 전송을 위한 자원 선택이 트리거되고,상기 자원 선택이 트리거된 것을 기반으로, 자원 집합 중에서 RS 자원이 선택되고, 및피드백 채널(feedback channel)과 관련된 자원은 상기 자원 집합에서 제외되는, 비-일시적 컴퓨터 판독가능 저장 매체.
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| EP24785243.7A EP4694430A2 (en) | 2023-04-04 | 2024-04-04 | Method and apparatus for performing wireless communication |
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| CN120456071A (zh) * | 2025-06-11 | 2025-08-08 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种无小区共生无线电网络的吞吐量优化方法 |
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| EP3821658A1 (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2021-05-19 | Convida Wireless, Llc | Resource management for 5g ev2x |
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| CN120456071A (zh) * | 2025-06-11 | 2025-08-08 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种无小区共生无线电网络的吞吐量优化方法 |
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