WO2024242587A1 - Système de pompage réversible de liquides cryogéniques - Google Patents

Système de pompage réversible de liquides cryogéniques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024242587A1
WO2024242587A1 PCT/RU2024/000169 RU2024000169W WO2024242587A1 WO 2024242587 A1 WO2024242587 A1 WO 2024242587A1 RU 2024000169 W RU2024000169 W RU 2024000169W WO 2024242587 A1 WO2024242587 A1 WO 2024242587A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cryogenic
lng
pipelines
rigid linear
pipeline
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PCT/RU2024/000169
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Игорь Анатольевич МНУШКИН
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Individual
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Priority claimed from RU2023113173A external-priority patent/RU2807839C1/ru
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Publication of WO2024242587A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024242587A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L39/00—Joints or fittings for double-walled or multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies
    • F16L39/02—Joints or fittings for double-walled or multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies for hoses

Definitions

  • the reverse pumping system for cryogenic liquids is designed to ensure transit pumping, for example, of liquefied natural gas (hereinafter referred to as LNG) from one gas tanker to another and can be used for long-distance transportation by sea.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the LNG loading and unloading terminals for LNG carriers shall be located on a shore-based quay or dedicated port area, or on platforms offshore, depending on the depth of coastal waters and local conditions, to allow the LNG carrier to approach the terminal.
  • the LNG may be supplied to the carrier by a loading arm or hose from the LNG loading terminal, which is connected to a liquefaction plant or an LNG storage tank located offshore at the minimum permissible distance from the coastline by one or more cryogenic transport lines (pipelines). These transport lines are usually insulated cryogenic pipelines placed on racks formed from piles and concrete decking.
  • the draft of the gas carrier is of particular importance for the sea transportation of LNG, for example, ocean-going gas carriers with a capacity of 250-300 thousand tons have a draft of 20-22 m, which allows them to be received only in a limited number of deep-water sea ports with a water area depth at the berth or barrel of at least 25 m with subsequent storage of LNG in terminal tanks, regasification of LNG and its further transportation to consumers via pipelines.
  • intermediate transhipment of LNG on long routes from ocean-going gas carriers to sea or river gas carriers with a low draft for further water transportation is economically feasible, which sharply reduces the leg of the vessel's transfer, however, to date, systems for cryogenic pumping of LNG are technically very imperfect.
  • a system for pumping a cryogenic product between two vessels placed next to each other, from a first floating structure (800) for storing and transporting the cryogenic product to a second stationary or floating structure (900) for storing the cryogenic product by means of a rigid transfer pipeline suitable for transporting the cryogenic product, wherein the transfer pipeline is self-supporting and contains at least three rigid sections (12-17) of a pipeline, each of which is fluidly connected to the next section by means of connecting means (21-27) suitable for transporting a cryogenic product, wherein each of the two end sections (12, 17) of the pipeline has a free end made in the form of an end element for connection to a connecting device of the first floating structure (800) and, respectively, the second floating structure (900), characterized in that it comprises (i) connecting devices made with the possibility of their placement on the first structure (800) and on the second structure (900), respectively, wherein each connecting device comprises an extension pipe (11, 18) made with the possibility of connection to a receiving device (810, 910) of the corresponding structure and to
  • the method allows for the pumping of LNG in one direction: from the first floating structure (800) for storing and transporting the cryogenic product to the second stationary or floating structure (900) for storing the cryogenic product and does not provide for the pumping of LNG from the first floating structure for transporting the cryogenic product to the second floating structure for transporting the cryogenic product.
  • a mooring terminal in the open sea which includes: a platform fixed to the seabed; a pipeline functionally connected to the platform and communicating via a fluid medium with shore equipment; at least two sets of structures adjacent to the platform, each of which, at least two sets of structures, is connected to the berth and mooring of ships; and a storage vessel moored and moored to the first of at least two sets of structures, wherein the storage vessel is configured to transfer a load-bearing load between the carrier vessel operatively connected to the second of at least two sets of structures and the storage vessel, and in liquid communication with the pipeline (patent for invention WO 2008073152, IPC F17C 9/02, B65/D 88/78, E02B 17/08, declared on 23.07.2007, published on 19.06.2008).
  • the disadvantages of the invention are:
  • a long-distance offshore LNG export terminal with vapor collection and utilization capabilities comprising an onshore or offshore hydrocarbon storage facility (1), an offshore berthing and handling facility (6) for mooring a tanker (11), and at least one underwater pipeline (4, 5) extending from a first pump (7, 8) on the storage facility to an offshore pumping structure (6), wherein the pumping structure (6) comprises: a tank (10) for separating vapors connected to an outlet end (9) of the pipeline, wherein the tank (10) comprises a feed line (13, 14) connected to a tanker (11) for feeding liquid hydrocarbons to the tanker, a return line (27) connected to the tanker (11) for feeding vapors from the tanker to a separator (10), and a vapor pumping line (28, 33) connected to an offshore receiving station steam (24, 32, 35, 37) for feeding steam from a tank (10) to a receiving station, characterized in that the receiving station includes any of the following components or a combination thereof: a power plant (37) and
  • the disadvantages of the invention are: • the presence of a large communications system (underwater pipelines for pumping liquefied gas, gas pipelines, pipelines from pumps to the storage element, power cables, pipelines for supplying boil-off gases) will complicate its formation, installation, maintenance and repair; the system includes many loading towers that are connected to each other through one or more underwater lines for transporting LNG, which leads to a complication of the system as a whole;
  • a system for transporting a cryogenic fluid between a floating vessel and a second location comprising: a) a first cryogenic riser having a first end and a second end, said first riser adapted to provide the possibility of changing the vertical position of said first end of said first riser, said second end of said first riser located in a body of water and communicating via a fluid medium with said second location, at least a portion of said first riser that is isolated; wherein said first riser includes a pipeline for the fluid of the first riser and a pipeline for the fluid of the second riser; b) a first submersible tower connector connected to said first end of said first riser, said first connector adapted to be releasably connected to a first floating vessel located on said body of water such that cryogenic fluid can be communicated between said first vessel and said first end of said first riser, said first connector being moored to the bottom of said body of water such that the vertical position of said first connector can be changed, and said first connector adapted to provide the
  • a cryogenic pipeline proposed by ITP (In Ter Pipe) SA is known, based on an underwater pipeline, which eliminates the need to build expensive overpasses, has received a DNV certificate and has already been successfully implemented in Peru (the Camisea project) for transporting liquefied petroleum gas from an onshore plant to a sea berth.
  • the peculiarity of the ITPSA technology is a pipeline with a three-layer wall, or "pipe in a pipe in a pipe” - Pipe-in-Pipe-in-Pipe (PiPiP), which allows moving the berth further from the coast, where dredging is not required, and in addition, there is no interference with the movement of local sea transport (Subsea cryogenic pipelines (LNG/LPG) - Pipe-in-pipe ...www.itp-interpipe.com/...pipelines/ subsea-cryo).
  • the disadvantage of the pipeline is the significant loss of cold during the transportation of liquefied gas under water due to the high coefficient of heat transfer from the pipeline wall to the water, as well as the need for additional laying of the necessary communications under water.
  • cryogenic transfer tunnel block only provides communication between the loading and unloading terminal and the LNG storage tank on shore and does not solve the problem of transshipment from one vessel to another;
  • a lining shell for a cryogenic medium transport line made of concrete or steel is laid along the seabed without taking into account the topography of the port water area, which can lead to disruptions in the port ecosystem and undesirable negative impacts on the environment, and also complicates access to communications if they need to be repaired.
  • a common drawback of the considered methods of transporting cryogenic fluids is the one-way operation of the pumping terminals: at LNG production sites, the terminals are designed to load LNG tankers, and at LNG delivery and consumption sites, LNG tankers are unloaded and LNG is regasified.
  • pumping LNG at a marine terminal from one vessel to another which significantly differs in capacity, for example, from an ocean-going LNG tanker to a sea LNG carrier or a river-sea LNG carrier, is difficult in technical and organizational terms, due to the need to optimize LNG delivery from the place of its production to the place of its regasification in the presence of a number of technological and marketing restrictions, as well as unavoidable force majeure circumstances in sea transportation, and further delivery of natural gas to the consumer through a pipeline network.
  • the most difficult link to form in the considered chain of optimized processes that ensure the delivery of fuel from the producer to the consumer is the reloading of LNG from ocean-going gas tankers to smaller and coastal tankers.
  • This link is difficult to obey the programmed dispatching for a number of reasons. Firstly, the technological period of unloading an ocean-going gas tanker with a capacity of 250-300 thousand m3 of LNG is several days, and pumping LNG into a coastal gas carrier is 1-2 days. Secondly, changing a loaded coastal gas carrier to a free one at the terminal requires several days of unproductive time spent on mooring and maneuvering the vessels, preparing the manifolds of both tankers and the tanks of the loaded gas carrier.
  • an ocean-going gas carrier may be late for LNG unloading, and a coastal gas carrier may be late for LNG loading by several days.
  • the combination of these factors leads to the fact that at the terminal there is often a significant gap between LNG loading and unloading operations, causing downtime of gas carriers and an unjustified increase in the cost of transported LNG. For example, losses from downtime for a day at the roadstead or at the terminal of a gas carrier with a capacity of 145,000 m3 amount to 30 thousand US dollars, and for an ocean-going gas carrier - up to 67 thousand US dollars.
  • the task was set to develop a system for pumping cryogenic liquids, ensuring the interconnection of unloaded and loaded objects for transporting cryogenic liquids and the terminal with a reduction in the downtime of ships due to the implementation of transshipment of cryogenic liquids from ice-class gas tankers to sea-going gas tankers at one terminal with unidirectional and multidirectional flows of cryogenic liquids.
  • the system of reverse pumping of cryogenic liquids connecting at least several ground tanks of the tank farm for storing cryogenic liquid with receiving and dispensing devices for cryogenic liquid, but not less than two, and loading and unloading terminals for servicing at least two gas tankers with receiving and dispensing devices for cryogenic liquid, including pumps installed in the cryogenic liquid storage tanks, two or more isolated cryogenic transfer pipelines, connected at one end to at least one tank for storing cryogenic liquid, and connected at the other end to at least one receiving and dispensing device in the loading and unloading terminal zone, at least one pipeline for pumping blowdowns, connected at one end to at least one tank for storing cryogenic liquid, and connected at the other end to at least one receiving and dispensing device in the zone loading and unloading terminal, isolated cryogenic transfer pipelines and a pipeline for pumping blow-offs are laid along the bottom of the port water area taking into account the bottom relief, while the system of reverse pumping of cryogenic liquids is formed on a bundle of isolated cryogenic liquid
  • This design of the reverse pumping system allows for the formation of a transit LNG during long-distance sea transportation terminal for pumping, for example, LNG from one LNG carrier to another, for example, from a large LNG carrier to smaller coastal LNG carriers or from an expensive ice-class LNG carrier to a cheaper one of the same displacement.
  • the location of the reverse pumping system on the mainland coast or islands near the sea routes for LNG transportation will be determined by a technical and economic calculation from the standpoint of minimizing the costs of LNG transportation from the port of its production to the regasification port.
  • the advantages of the proposed system are:
  • the metal rigid linear sections of cryogenic transfer pipelines be made with vacuum insulation of the space between the rigid linear internal product pipe and the rigid linear casing, which will sharply reduce heat exchange between the section and seawater and indirectly the loss of cold from the pumped LNG.
  • metal rigid linear sections of cryogenic transfer pipelines it is also useful for the metal rigid linear sections of cryogenic transfer pipelines to be made with the space between the rigid linear internal product pipe and the rigid linear casing filled with heat-insulating material, which will significantly reduce heat exchange between the section and seawater and indirectly the loss of cold from the pumped LNG and at the same time increase the strength of the section.
  • metal deformable sections of cryogenic transfer pipelines which can be made with the space between the deformable corrugated internal product pipe and the deformable corrugated casing filled with heat-insulating material, which, along with repeating the profile of the bottom of the water area when laying sections of cryogenic transfer pipelines, will reduce cold losses from the transported LNG.
  • the entire pipeline system for transporting cryogenic liquids together with auxiliary pipelines and cables is placed in an additional casing secured to movable and/or fixed supports buried in the seabed soil, which will protect the entire system from accidental damage, for example, when ships drop anchor at anchor. It is also possible, in cases of intensive movement of ships with a large draft with a small gap relative to the bottom of a shallow bay, at the bottom of which the pipeline system for transporting cryogenic liquids together with auxiliary pipelines and cables is located, that the entire pipeline system will be placed in an additional casing and placed in a trench or in a sarcophagus in the seabed soil. LIST OF DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 shows the basic general system of reverse pumping of cryogenic liquids.
  • LNG from the cryogenic liquid storage tank 2 of the tank farm is fed into the system of isolated cryogenic transfer pipelines by means of the transfer pump 3 installed in the cryogenic liquid storage tanks 2.
  • LNG is transshipped from ice-class 7 gas tankers to sea-going gas tankers 6.
  • Figure 2 shows an isolated system of isolated cryogenic transfer pipelines 1, including pipelines for blowdowns 9, transfer cryogenic product pipelines 10, cables and communications 11 for transmitting information, connecting sensors and actuators of the tank farm and loading and unloading terminals, surrounded by a bandage 12, which is fixed in a stationary state by means of weights 8.
  • the bandage 12 can be replaced with a casing.
  • the casing containing the entire cryogenic liquid transportation pipeline system together with auxiliary pipelines and cables, is secured to movable and/or fixed supports buried in the seabed soil or placed in a trench in the seabed soil.
  • Figure 3 shows a variant of the design of an isolated system of isolated cryogenic transfer pipelines 1, including transfer cryogenic product pipelines 10, cables and communications 11, placed in a bandage (or casing) 12, located in a concrete tunnel 13.
  • the bundle of isolated transfer cryogenic product pipelines 10 includes an inclined pipeline section 16 and a vertical pipeline section 17.
  • a similar variant can used to level the profile of the bottom of a water area, for example, when laying a channel for transporting large-draft gas tankers to a terminal in a shallow bay.
  • Transfer cryogenic product pipelines 10 are made of alternating metal linear rigid sections of transfer pipeline 15, containing a rigid linear internal product pipe surrounded by a rigid linear casing, and metal flexible sections of transfer pipeline 14, containing a corrugated deformable internal product pipe surrounded by a corrugated casing.
  • the metal rigid sections of transfer pipelines 15 are made with vacuum insulation of the space or with filling with heat-insulating material between the rigid linear internal product pipe and the rigid linear casing.
  • the metal flexible sections of transfer pipelines 14 are made with filling with heat-insulating material the space between the deformable corrugated internal product pipe and the deformable corrugated casing.
  • FIG 4 shows the structural elements of transfer cryogenic product pipelines 10, including U-shaped compensators 19, installed on linear sections of cryogenic transfer pipelines when they are long, from a shore tank for storing cryogenic liquid to terminals located at a distance from the shoreline on pile trestles in places where there are sufficient depths for the passage of gas tankers and caissons 18.
  • Figure 5 shows a variant of protection of the cryogenic transfer pipeline system using a sarcophagus 20, in which an additional casing with the entire pipeline system for transporting cryogenic liquids together with auxiliary pipelines and cables is located.
  • the sarcophagus is installed on the seabed bottom by inserting the sarcophagus spikes into the grooves of the foundation bases buried in the ground (A), ensuring reliable adhesion of the sarcophagus to the seabed soil and providing additional protection for the reverse pumping system of cryogenic liquids from the adverse effects of both natural and man-made factors.
  • Figure 6 shows diagrams of several variants of operation of the reverse pumping system for cryogenic liquid using the example of pumping LNG from an ice class 7 donor gas carrier to a seagoing recipient gas carrier 6 in various operational situations: a) receiving LNG from the donor gas carrier into a land-based tanker when the arrival of the recipient gas carrier at the terminal is delayed, which reduces the non-operational downtime of the donor vessel; b) receiving LNG from the donor gas carrier into a land-based tank when the recipient gas carrier is performing non-productive operations (maneuvering in the port waters, mooring to the terminal, connecting the loading arms and cooling the tanks, and after pumping the LNG, disconnecting the loading arms and purging them, casting off), which reduces the non-operational downtime of the donor vessel; c) ensuring LNG recirculation in the system in the absence of gas tankers at the terminal via two transfer cryogenic product pipelines 10 connected to each other by a sleeve, which ensures the constant readiness of the system to perform loading and unloading operations; d)
  • Operation options for the reverse pumping system of cryogenic liquids a, b, c, d, e and g reduce the time of non-operational downtime of cargo tankers or the loading time, which allows for a reduction in tanker freight costs.
  • Example 1 LNG delivery from the port of Sabetta (Yamal) to the port of Dabhol (India) is carried out by icebreaker class AGS7 gas tankers with a lifting capacity of 170,000 m3 over 30-35 days due to the fact that when a vessel passes the Northern Sea Route from the port of Sabetta to Cape Dezhnev, depending on the ice conditions, it takes 11-16 days and then to the destination port - 19 days.
  • the full turnover of the vessel due to LNG loading and unloading operations in two ports for 3 days is 76 days and during a year of operation, taking into account a stop for technical inspection, the tanker will be able to make 5 voyages.
  • Example 2 considered additional costs for chartering a gas tanker with a capacity of 1,700,000 m3 in the amount of $45,000 with standard time costs of 1.5 days for calling at the port of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and unloading or loading LNG based on data from N.V. Parshin (Analysis of the operation of the liquefied natural gas transportation system. Marine intelligent technologies. 2020, No. 1, Vol. 1, pp. 125-130). The components of the time costs for calling at the port are determined by the regulations:
  • the total turnaround time of a vessel in a port with an additional call is 36 hours or 1.5 days with individual handling of a single tanker.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de pompage réversible de liquides cryogéniques, destiné à assurer un pompage transitoire, par exemple de gaz naturel liquéfié depuis un méthanier vers un autre, et peut être utilisée pour le transport distant avec des moyens de transport maritimes. L'invention concerne un système de pompage réversible de liquides cryogéniques, lequel est formé par le couplage de conduits de transfert cryogénique isolés faits de sections linéaires rigides métalliques alternantes comprenant un tube de produit interne linéaire rigide entouré par un capot linéaire rigide, et des sections métalliques déformables comprenant un tube de produit interne déformable gaufré entouré par un capot gaufré, avec des flux de liquides cryogéniques circulant dans une ou plusieurs directions, et formé par des bandages entourant les capots linéaires rigides de conduits de transfert cryogéniques isolés adjacents.
PCT/RU2024/000169 2023-05-22 2024-05-22 Système de pompage réversible de liquides cryogéniques Ceased WO2024242587A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2023113173 2023-05-22
RU2023113173A RU2807839C1 (ru) 2023-05-22 Система реверсной перекачки криогенных жидкостей

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WO2024242587A1 true WO2024242587A1 (fr) 2024-11-28

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1645733A1 (ru) * 1988-07-19 1991-04-30 Куйбышевский авиационный институт им.акад.С.П.Королева Демпфирующее устройство дл трубопроводов
JP2004019813A (ja) * 2002-06-18 2004-01-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 低温流体用多重配管
RU2627747C2 (ru) * 2010-12-30 2017-08-11 Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. Блок передаточного туннеля для криогенной текучей среды и его применение
US9791074B2 (en) * 2011-11-08 2017-10-17 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Tube module
RU2795634C1 (ru) * 2022-11-15 2023-05-05 Олеся Игоревна Гасанова Секционированный криогенный трубопровод

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1645733A1 (ru) * 1988-07-19 1991-04-30 Куйбышевский авиационный институт им.акад.С.П.Королева Демпфирующее устройство дл трубопроводов
JP2004019813A (ja) * 2002-06-18 2004-01-22 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 低温流体用多重配管
RU2627747C2 (ru) * 2010-12-30 2017-08-11 Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. Блок передаточного туннеля для криогенной текучей среды и его применение
US9791074B2 (en) * 2011-11-08 2017-10-17 Alfa Laval Corporate Ab Tube module
RU2795634C1 (ru) * 2022-11-15 2023-05-05 Олеся Игоревна Гасанова Секционированный криогенный трубопровод

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