WO2024242590A2 - Starter-generator - Google Patents
Starter-generator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024242590A2 WO2024242590A2 PCT/RU2024/000235 RU2024000235W WO2024242590A2 WO 2024242590 A2 WO2024242590 A2 WO 2024242590A2 RU 2024000235 W RU2024000235 W RU 2024000235W WO 2024242590 A2 WO2024242590 A2 WO 2024242590A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- generator
- starter
- machine
- rotor
- brushless
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
- H02P6/182—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements using back-emf in windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
Definitions
- the invention relates to starter-generator devices of internal combustion engines and can be used in engine building.
- the described starter-generator is effectively used in aircraft building in turbojet engines.
- the most effective use of the starter-generator of this type is in low-power turbojet engines with a thrust of 1000 to 5000 N.
- a starter-generator is known (invention certificate RU No. 2497017 C2 F02N 11/00).
- the starter-generator comprises a reversible electric machine comprising a stator connected to the engine housing, a rotor connected to the engine shaft, a casing attached to the engine housing, the rotor is made in the form of a toroidal cup having windows on the periphery separated by partitions formed by blades located on the concave surface of the cup facing the stator, part of the partitions between the windows in the cup are formed by long blades protruding into the stator, and another such part of the partitions are formed by short blades placed between the long blades, a hoop is attached to the cup surrounding the stator, and an elastic cylindrical ring made of magnetoplast is inserted into it opposite the stator, two rows of ventilation holes are made in the casing along the axis of the electric machine, separated by a conical ridge made on the inner surface of the casing opposite the rotor and pro
- the disadvantage of this design is its complexity, the need to form air ducts that supply air to the engine housing for cooling, low reliability of the design, and relatively high weight.
- a starter-generator is known (author's certificate for utility model RU No. 117167 U1 F02N 11/04).
- the starter-generator contains a valve motor-generator, which contains a stator with a winding and a rotor with permanent magnets, which is external to the stator.
- the stator has the ability to move forward along the axis of rotation of the rotor until it is completely extended from the rotor magnetic system.
- the disadvantage of this design is the low mechanical reliability of the stator extension unit from the rotor, operation in generator mode in a limited range of rotor speeds, and the relatively large overall dimensions of the design.
- a starter-generator is known (invention certificate RU No. 2321765 Cl F02N 11/04).
- the starter-generator contains a valve-induction machine, the rotor of which mechanically connected to the shaft of the internal combustion engine and the position sensor, the power switch, the current sensors, the starter-generator mode switch, and the control unit, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the position sensor, the current sensors and the starter-generator mode switch, and the outputs are connected to the control inputs of the power switch, in addition, the valve-induction machine is made two-phase, each phase contains two windings - the main and the recuperative, the beginnings of the two main windings are connected together and through the first current sensor are connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the ends are connected to the negative terminal of the battery, the ends of the two recuperative windings are connected together and through the second current sensor are connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the beginnings are connected to the negative terminal of the battery.
- a starter-generator is known (invention certificate RU No. 2268391 C2 F02N 11/04) accepted as the closest analogue in terms of its features.
- the starter-generator is made on the basis of an inverted contactless electric machine.
- its stator is rigidly connected to the ICE housing by means of the fastening holes of the gearbox through the first structural element, which is simultaneously a holder of the crankshaft nose seal and sensitive elements of the sensors for determining information about the current rotor position.
- the first structural element is seated on the outer surface of the bearing, on the inner surface of which the starter-generator rotor is seated by means of the second structural element.
- the second structural element on the outer surface has grooves, the number of which is equal to the number of pole pairs of the electric machine, the arc length of each of them is equal to the pole division, and the edges coincide with the middle of the rotor pole.
- the rotor of the starter-generator is connected via the third structural element to the end surface of the nose of the internal combustion engine crankshaft and the clutch of the gearbox, while the connection of the third structural element to the end surface of the nose of the crankshaft is ensured by fastening elements with damping spacers.
- the disadvantage of this solution is the need to use rotor position sensors, grooves on the housing to inform the control system about the current position of the rotor, damping pads to compensate for the installation error of the starter-generator.
- the solutions of the existing design increase its complexity and cost, and reduce the reliability of operation.
- the objectives of the proposed invention are: increasing the service life of the starter-generator, minimizing the weight and size characteristics, and reducing the cost of production.
- the stated goals are achieved by: using a brushless machine with one winding, controlling the rotor position by the reverse electromotive force (EMF) of the stator winding, an electronic unit with an electronic key switching the operating mode of the brushless machine from the starter mode to the generator mode and back.
- EMF electromotive force
- the starter-generator consists of an external rotor with permanent magnets 1, a stator with a magnetic circuit and a winding attached to the housing of the internal combustion engine 2, a bearing unit used to attach a brushless motor to the shaft of the internal combustion engine 3, an electronic control unit 4 combining three functions: switching electrical circuits, controlling the rotation of the rotor, converting the generator voltage from alternating to direct.
- the starter-generator operates as follows.
- the control unit 4 supplies voltage to the stator winding.
- the stator winding is three-phase.
- the control unit monitors the rotor speed based on the induced current created by the reverse electromotive force in the winding, which at this moment has no external voltage; additional use of rotor position sensors is not required.
- the alternating magnetic field of the stator interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnets to create a torque on the rotor 1.
- the rotor sets the ICE shaft in motion, to which it is fixedly connected.
- the stator is positioned relative to the ICE shaft using the bearing unit 3 and is fixedly mounted on the ICE body through the provided mounting holes.
- the electronic switch of the control unit 4 disconnects the speed control module and connects the voltage conversion board from alternating three-phase to direct single-phase to the terminals of the brushless machine winding; the brushless machine operates in the generator mode.
- the proposed technical solution of the starter-generator in the ICE with a relatively simple design allows to obtain a compact design with high specific power due to the use of a brushless machine with one winding, used both in the starter mode and in the generator mode, to increase the reliability of the design by abandoning the rotor position sensors, the absence of moving contacts of the rotor of the brushless machine and the ICE shaft will significantly extend the service life of the starter-generator.
- the simplicity of the design of the starter-generator will allow its wide use in technology.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Стартер-генератор Starter-generator
Изобретение относится к стартер-генераторным устройствам двигателей внутреннего сгорания и может применяться в двигателестроении. Эффективно применение описываемого стартер-генератора в авиастроении в турбореактивных двигателях. Наиболее эффективно применение стартер-генератора данного типа в турбореактивных двигателях малой мощности с тягой от 1000 до 5000 Н. The invention relates to starter-generator devices of internal combustion engines and can be used in engine building. The described starter-generator is effectively used in aircraft building in turbojet engines. The most effective use of the starter-generator of this type is in low-power turbojet engines with a thrust of 1000 to 5000 N.
Известен стартер-генератор (авторское свидетельство на изобретение RU №2497017 С2 F02N 11/00). Стартер-генератор содержит обратимую электрическую машину, содержащую статор, соединенный с корпусом двигателя, ротор, соединенный с валом двигателя, кожух, прикрепленный к корпусу двигателя, ротор сделан в виде тороидальной чаши, имеющей на периферии окна, разделенные перегородками, образованными лопастями, расположенными на вогнутой поверхности чаши, обращенной в сторону статора, часть перегородок между окнами в чаше образована длинными лопастями, выступающими внутрь статора, а другая такая же часть перегородок образована короткими лопастями, размещенными между длинными лопастями, к чаше прикреплен обруч, окружающий статор, и в него напротив статора вставлено упругое цилиндрическое кольцо, сделанное из магнитопласта, в кожухе вдоль оси электрической машины сделаны два ряда вентиляционных отверстий, разделенных коническим гребнем, сделанным на внутренней поверхности кожуха напротив ротора и выступающим в сторону прикрепленного к чаше обруча. A starter-generator is known (invention certificate RU No. 2497017 C2 F02N 11/00). The starter-generator comprises a reversible electric machine comprising a stator connected to the engine housing, a rotor connected to the engine shaft, a casing attached to the engine housing, the rotor is made in the form of a toroidal cup having windows on the periphery separated by partitions formed by blades located on the concave surface of the cup facing the stator, part of the partitions between the windows in the cup are formed by long blades protruding into the stator, and another such part of the partitions are formed by short blades placed between the long blades, a hoop is attached to the cup surrounding the stator, and an elastic cylindrical ring made of magnetoplast is inserted into it opposite the stator, two rows of ventilation holes are made in the casing along the axis of the electric machine, separated by a conical ridge made on the inner surface of the casing opposite the rotor and protruding toward the hoop attached to the cup.
Недостатком данной конструкции является её сложность, необходимость формирования воздуховодов, подающих воздух в корпус двигателя для его охлаждения, низкая надёжность конструкции, относительно высокая масса. The disadvantage of this design is its complexity, the need to form air ducts that supply air to the engine housing for cooling, low reliability of the design, and relatively high weight.
Известен стартер-генератор (авторское свидетельство на полезную модель RU №117167 U1 F02N 11/04). Стартер-генератор содержит вентильный двигатель-генератор, который содержит статор с обмоткой и ротор с постоянными магнитами, являющийся внешним по отношению к статору. Статор, имеет возможность поступательного движения вдоль оси вращения ротора до полного выдвижения из магнитной системы ротора. A starter-generator is known (author's certificate for utility model RU No. 117167 U1 F02N 11/04). The starter-generator contains a valve motor-generator, which contains a stator with a winding and a rotor with permanent magnets, which is external to the stator. The stator has the ability to move forward along the axis of rotation of the rotor until it is completely extended from the rotor magnetic system.
Недостатком данной конструкции является низкая механическая надёжность узла выдвижения статора из ротора, работа в режиме генератора в ограниченном диапазоне скоростей вращения ротора, относительно большие габаритные размеры конструкции. The disadvantage of this design is the low mechanical reliability of the stator extension unit from the rotor, operation in generator mode in a limited range of rotor speeds, and the relatively large overall dimensions of the design.
Известен стартер-генератор (авторское свидетельство на изобретение RU №2321765 Cl F02N 11/04). Стартер-генератор содержит вентильно-индукторную машину, ротор которой механически соединен с валом двигателя внутреннего сгорания и датчиком положения, силовой коммутатор, датчики токов, переключатель режимов «стартер-генератор», и блок управления, входы которого подключены к выходам датчика положения, датчиков токов и переключателя режимов «стартер-генератор», а выходы соединены с управляющими входами силового коммутатора, дополнительно вентильно-индукторная машина выполнена двухфазной каждая фаза содержит две обмотки - основную и рекуперационную, начала двух основных обмоток соединены вместе и через первый датчик тока подключены к положительному выводу аккумулятора, а концы соединены с отрицательным выводом аккумулятора, концы двух рекуперационных обмоток соединены вместе и через второй датчик тока подключены к положительному выводу аккумулятора, а начала подключены к отрицательному выводу аккумулятора. A starter-generator is known (invention certificate RU No. 2321765 Cl F02N 11/04). The starter-generator contains a valve-induction machine, the rotor of which mechanically connected to the shaft of the internal combustion engine and the position sensor, the power switch, the current sensors, the starter-generator mode switch, and the control unit, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the position sensor, the current sensors and the starter-generator mode switch, and the outputs are connected to the control inputs of the power switch, in addition, the valve-induction machine is made two-phase, each phase contains two windings - the main and the recuperative, the beginnings of the two main windings are connected together and through the first current sensor are connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the ends are connected to the negative terminal of the battery, the ends of the two recuperative windings are connected together and through the second current sensor are connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the beginnings are connected to the negative terminal of the battery.
Недостатком данной конструкции является использование внешних датчиков положения ротора и датчиков фазовых токов, намотка двух обмоток на статор одна основная, другая рекуперационная. Такие решения увеличивают сложность конструкции и её массу понижают надёжность и долговечность. The disadvantage of this design is the use of external rotor position sensors and phase current sensors, winding of two windings on the stator, one main, the other recuperative. Such solutions increase the complexity of the design and its weight, reduce reliability and durability.
Известен стартер-генератор (авторское свидетельство на изобретение RU №2268391 С2 F02N 11/04) принятый по части признаков за наиболее близкий аналог. Согласно изобретению, стартер-генератор выполнен на базе обращенной бесконтактной электрической машины. При этом ее статор посредством крепежных отверстий коробки передач жестко соединен с корпусом ДВС через первый конструктивный элемент, который одновременно является держателем сальника носка коленчатого вала и чувствительных элементов датчиков определения информации о текущем положении ротора. Первый конструктивный элемент посажен на внешнюю поверхность подшипника, на внутреннюю поверхность которого посажен ротор стартер-генератора посредством второго конструктивного элемента. Второй конструктивный элемент на внешней поверхности имеет пазы, число которых равно числу пар полюсов электрической машины, длина дуги каждого из них равна полюсному делению, а кромки совпадают с серединой полюса ротора. Ротор стартер-генератора через третий конструктивный элемент связан с торцевой поверхностью носка коленчатого вала ДВС и сцеплением коробки передач, при этом связь третьего конструктивного элемента с торцевой поверхностью носка коленчатого вала обеспечивается крепежными элементами с демпфирующими проставками. Недостатком данного решения является необходимость использования датчиков положения ротора, пазов на корпусе для информирования системы управления о текущем положении ротора, демпфирующих прокладок для компенсации погрешности установки стартер- генератора. Решения существующей конструкции увеличивают её сложность и стоимость, понижают надёжность функционирования. A starter-generator is known (invention certificate RU No. 2268391 C2 F02N 11/04) accepted as the closest analogue in terms of its features. According to the invention, the starter-generator is made on the basis of an inverted contactless electric machine. In this case, its stator is rigidly connected to the ICE housing by means of the fastening holes of the gearbox through the first structural element, which is simultaneously a holder of the crankshaft nose seal and sensitive elements of the sensors for determining information about the current rotor position. The first structural element is seated on the outer surface of the bearing, on the inner surface of which the starter-generator rotor is seated by means of the second structural element. The second structural element on the outer surface has grooves, the number of which is equal to the number of pole pairs of the electric machine, the arc length of each of them is equal to the pole division, and the edges coincide with the middle of the rotor pole. The rotor of the starter-generator is connected via the third structural element to the end surface of the nose of the internal combustion engine crankshaft and the clutch of the gearbox, while the connection of the third structural element to the end surface of the nose of the crankshaft is ensured by fastening elements with damping spacers. The disadvantage of this solution is the need to use rotor position sensors, grooves on the housing to inform the control system about the current position of the rotor, damping pads to compensate for the installation error of the starter-generator. The solutions of the existing design increase its complexity and cost, and reduce the reliability of operation.
Целями предлагаемого изобретения являются: увеличение срока службы стартер-генератора, минимизация массогабаритных характеристик, снижение стоимости производства. The objectives of the proposed invention are: increasing the service life of the starter-generator, minimizing the weight and size characteristics, and reducing the cost of production.
Поставленные цели достигаются: использованием бесколлекторной машины с одной обмоткой, контролем положения ротора по обратной электродвижущей силе (ЭДС) обмотки статора, электронного блока с переключением электронным ключом режима работы бесколлекторной машины с режима стартера в режим генератора и обратно. The stated goals are achieved by: using a brushless machine with one winding, controlling the rotor position by the reverse electromotive force (EMF) of the stator winding, an electronic unit with an electronic key switching the operating mode of the brushless machine from the starter mode to the generator mode and back.
Сущность изобретения поясняется чертежом стартер-генератора Фиг.1. Стартер-генератор состоит из внешнего ротора с постоянными магнитами 1, статора с магнитопроводом и обмоткой крепящегося к корпусу двигателя внутреннего сгорания 2, подшипникового узла служащего для крепления бесколлекторного двигателя на валу ДВС 3, электронного блока управления 4 объединяющего в себе три функции: коммутацию электрических цепей, управление вращением ротора, преобразование напряжения генератора из переменного в постоянное. The essence of the invention is explained by the drawing of the starter-generator Fig. 1. The starter-generator consists of an external rotor with permanent magnets 1, a stator with a magnetic circuit and a winding attached to the housing of the internal combustion engine 2, a bearing unit used to attach a brushless motor to the shaft of the internal combustion engine 3, an electronic control unit 4 combining three functions: switching electrical circuits, controlling the rotation of the rotor, converting the generator voltage from alternating to direct.
Работа стартер-генератора осуществляется следующим образом. Блок управления 4, подаёт напряжение на обмотку статора. Обмотка статора выполнена трёхфазной. Блок управления контролирует скорость вращения ротора по наведённому току, создаваемому обратной электродвижущей силой в обмотке, на которой в этот момент отсутствует внешнее напряжение, дополнительное использование датчиков положения ротора не требуется. Переменное магнитное поле статора взаимодействуя с магнитным полем постоянных магнитов создаёт крутящий момент на роторе 1. Ротор приводит в движение вал ДВС с которым он соединён неподвижно. Статор позиционируется относительно вала ДВС с помощью подшипникового узла 3 и крепится неподвижно на корпусе ДВС через предусмотренные крепёжные отверстия. При достижении валом ротора ДВС оборотов малого газа электронный коммутатор блока управления 4 отключает модуль управления скоростью вращения и подключает к выводам обмотки бесколлекторной машины плату преобразования напряжения из переменного трёхфазного в постоянное однофазное, бесколлекторная машина работает в режиме генератора. Таким образом, предлагаемое техническое решение стартер-генератора в ДВС при относительно простом конструктивном исполнении позволяет получить компактную конструкцию с высокой удельной мощностью за счёт применения бесколлекторной машины с одной намоткой, используемой как в режиме стартера так и в режиме генератора, увеличить надёжность конструкции отказавшись от датчиков положения ротора, отсутствие подвижных контактов ротора бесколлекторной машины и вала ДВС позволит существенно продлить срок службы стартер-генератора. В тоже время, простота конструкции стартер-генератора позволит широко его использовать в технике. The starter-generator operates as follows. The control unit 4 supplies voltage to the stator winding. The stator winding is three-phase. The control unit monitors the rotor speed based on the induced current created by the reverse electromotive force in the winding, which at this moment has no external voltage; additional use of rotor position sensors is not required. The alternating magnetic field of the stator interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnets to create a torque on the rotor 1. The rotor sets the ICE shaft in motion, to which it is fixedly connected. The stator is positioned relative to the ICE shaft using the bearing unit 3 and is fixedly mounted on the ICE body through the provided mounting holes. When the ICE rotor shaft reaches idle speed, the electronic switch of the control unit 4 disconnects the speed control module and connects the voltage conversion board from alternating three-phase to direct single-phase to the terminals of the brushless machine winding; the brushless machine operates in the generator mode. Thus, the proposed technical solution of the starter-generator in the ICE with a relatively simple design allows to obtain a compact design with high specific power due to the use of a brushless machine with one winding, used both in the starter mode and in the generator mode, to increase the reliability of the design by abandoning the rotor position sensors, the absence of moving contacts of the rotor of the brushless machine and the ICE shaft will significantly extend the service life of the starter-generator. At the same time, the simplicity of the design of the starter-generator will allow its wide use in technology.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2023113031A RU2023113031A (en) | 2023-05-19 | Starter-generator | |
| RU2023113031 | 2023-05-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024242590A2 true WO2024242590A2 (en) | 2024-11-28 |
| WO2024242590A3 WO2024242590A3 (en) | 2025-01-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/RU2024/000235 Ceased WO2024242590A2 (en) | 2023-05-19 | 2024-07-19 | Starter-generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2024242590A2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5495162A (en) * | 1993-05-12 | 1996-02-27 | Sundstrand Corporation | Position-and-velocity sensorless control for starter generator electrical system using generator back-EMF voltage |
| US5512811A (en) * | 1994-01-21 | 1996-04-30 | Sundstrand Corporation | Starter/generator system having multivoltage generation capability |
| US6153942A (en) * | 1995-07-17 | 2000-11-28 | Lucas Aerospace Power Equipment Corp. | Starter/generator speed sensing using field weakening |
| RU2265133C1 (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2005-11-27 | Дубских Николай Иванович | Automobile starter-generator |
| US7508086B2 (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2009-03-24 | General Electric Company | Aircraft engine starter/generator and controller |
| CN111009992B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-05-28 | 北京动力机械研究所 | High-low voltage compatible built-in brushless direct current starting power generation system |
-
2024
- 2024-07-19 WO PCT/RU2024/000235 patent/WO2024242590A2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024242590A3 (en) | 2025-01-16 |
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