WO2024251410A1 - Compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen in a plant for producing ammonia, and plant for producing ammonia - Google Patents
Compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen in a plant for producing ammonia, and plant for producing ammonia Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024251410A1 WO2024251410A1 PCT/EP2024/058532 EP2024058532W WO2024251410A1 WO 2024251410 A1 WO2024251410 A1 WO 2024251410A1 EP 2024058532 W EP2024058532 W EP 2024058532W WO 2024251410 A1 WO2024251410 A1 WO 2024251410A1
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- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen
- hydrogen
- pressure level
- compression system
- ammonia
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis
- C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
- C01C1/0447—Apparatus other than synthesis reactors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
- F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/16—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows
- F04D25/163—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows driven by a common gearing arrangement
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/081—Supplying products to non-electrochemical reactors that are combined with the electrochemical cell, e.g. Sabatier reactor
Definitions
- Compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen of an ammonia production plant and ammonia production plant
- the invention relates to a compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen in a plant for producing ammonia.
- the invention also relates to a plant for producing ammonia.
- Plants known in practice for producing ammonia are based on the use of fossil fuels in particular, which are used in particular for the compression of hydrogen and nitrogen. This generates CO2 emissions.
- the invention is based on the object of creating a novel compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen in a plant for producing ammonia and a plant for producing ammonia with such a compression system.
- the compression system according to the invention for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen in a plant for producing ammonia has a plurality of first compressors coupled to a first integral transmission for compressing the hydrogen and the nitrogen and a first electric machine coupled to the first integral transmission for driving the first compressors coupled to the first integral transmission.
- the plant for producing ammonia according to the invention has a hydrogen production device, designed in particular as an electrolysis device, for producing hydrogen and a nitrogen production device, designed in particular as an air separation device, for producing nitrogen.
- the plant for producing ammonia according to the invention also has the compression system according to the invention, i.e. the plurality of first compressors coupled to the first integral transmission for compressing the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device and the nitrogen produced by the nitrogen production device.
- the plant for producing ammonia according to the invention also has the first electric machine coupled to the first integral transmission for driving the first compressors coupled to the first integral transmission.
- the plant for producing ammonia according to the invention also has an ammonia synthesis device for producing the ammonia from compressed hydrogen and compressed nitrogen.
- the first compressors for compressing the hydrogen and nitrogen are coupled to the first integral transmission.
- the first electric machine is coupled to the first integral transmission to drive the first compressors.
- the compressed hydrogen and compressed nitrogen are used to produce ammonia.
- the invention allows efficient compression of hydrogen and nitrogen for a plant for producing ammonia and thus also efficient production of green or CO2-neutral ammonia in particular.
- the compression system receives the hydrogen at a first pressure level and the nitrogen at a second pressure level, which is greater than the first pressure level, wherein a second compressor compresses the hydrogen to the second pressure level, and wherein the plurality of first compressors coupled to the first integral gear of the compression system according to the invention for compressing the hydrogen and the nitrogen compress the hydrogen and nitrogen in stages to a third pressure level, which is greater than the second pressure level.
- the second compressor is preferably coupled via an intermediate gear to the first electric machine coupled to the first integral gear. This is particularly preferred in order to compress the hydrogen and the nitrogen for ammonia synthesis.
- a third compressor for compressing the hydrogen and nitrogen of a further compression system of the plant according to the invention for producing ammonia is coupled to a second integral gear of the further compression system of the plant according to the invention for producing ammonia, wherein the third compressor compresses the hydrogen and nitrogen from the third pressure level to a fourth pressure level for the ammonia synthesis device.
- This is particularly preferred in order to produce green or CO2-neutral ammonia.
- Fig. 1 is a diagram of a plant for the production of ammonia, which is used as
- Component has a compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen.
- Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a plant 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3.
- the plant 10 serves for the efficient production of green ammonia NH3 in particular, i.e. the production of CO2-neutral ammonia NH3 in particular using exclusively renewable energy sources.
- the plant 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3 has a compression system 10a according to the invention for compressing hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2.
- Fig. 1 also shows components of a further compression system 10b of the plant 10 according to the invention.
- the system 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3 has a hydrogen generation device, designed in the embodiment shown as an electrolysis device 11, for producing hydrogen H2 from water H2O. During the electrolysis of hydrogen H2 from water H2O, oxygen O2 is also produced, which is, however, of secondary importance for the consideration of the invention.
- the hydrogen generation device designed as an electrolysis device 11 preferably uses at least one regenerative energy source 36 to produce the hydrogen H2, i.e. electrical energy generated by at least one regenerative energy source 36.
- the system 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3 also has a nitrogen generating device, designed as an air separation device 12 in the embodiment shown, for producing nitrogen N2.
- the air separation device 12 produces nitrogen N2 from air.
- the air separation device 12 also uses at least one regenerative energy source 37 to produce the nitrogen N2, i.e. electrical energy generated by at least one regenerative energy source 37.
- the compression system 10a according to the invention of the plant 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3 has a first integral gear 13.
- a large gear 13a and pinions 13b meshing with the large gear 13a are shown schematically in Fig. 1 of the first integral gear 13.
- several first compressors 14, 15, 16 are coupled to the first integral gear 13, which serve to compress the hydrogen H2 generated by the hydrogen generation device or electrolysis device 11 and the nitrogen N2 generated by the nitrogen generation device or air separation device 12.
- the hydrogen H2 and the nitrogen N2 are mixed and gradually compressed as a mixture in the first compressors 14, 15, 16.
- a first electric machine 18 of the compression system 10a according to the invention is coupled to the first integral transmission 13, which serves to drive the large gear 13a of the integral transmission 13 and, via the pinions 13b meshing with the large gear 13a, to drive the first compressors 14, 15, 16.
- a clutch 19 is connected between the electric machine 18 and the first integral transmission 13 as shown in Fig. 1.
- the plant 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3 further comprises an ammonia synthesis device 20 which produces ammonia NH3.
- the ammonia synthesis device 20 is preferably based on the Haber-Bosch principle.
- the ammonia synthesis device 20 produces ammonia NH3 from the compressed hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2.
- the invention provides a system 10 for the efficient, advantageous production of preferably green or CO2-neutral ammonia NH3.
- the compression system 10a allows efficient compression of the required hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2.
- the first compressors 14, 15, 16 of the compression system 10a according to the invention which serve to compress the hydrogen H2 and the nitrogen N2, are coupled to the first integral gear 13.
- the first compressors 14, 15, 16 compress the hydrogen H2 and the nitrogen N2 together and provide the compressed hydrogen H2 and compressed nitrogen N2 to the ammonia synthesis device 20.
- the hydrogen generation device or electrolysis device 11 provides the hydrogen H2 in particular at a first pressure level, wherein the nitrogen generation device or air separation device 12 provides the nitrogen N2 in particular at a second pressure level, which is greater or higher than the first pressure level.
- the compression system 10a according to the invention receives the hydrogen H2 in particular at the first pressure level and the nitrogen N2 at the second pressure level.
- the hydrogen H2 provided at the first pressure level is compressed to the second pressure level of the nitrogen N2 by means of a second compressor 21 of the compression system 10a according to the invention in order to be mixed with the nitrogen N2 in the region of the mixing device 17 of the compression system 10a according to the invention.
- the first compressors 14, 15, 16 of the compression system 10a according to the invention compress the mixture of hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2 step by step to a third pressure level, which is present downstream of the first compressors 14, 15, 16.
- This third pressure level is greater or higher than the second pressure level upstream of the first compressors 14, 15, 16 and corresponds in particular to an output pressure level of the ammonia synthesis device 20 for hydrogen and nitrogen not converted to ammonia in the ammonia synthesis device 20.
- the second compressor 21 of the compression system 10a is preferably coupled to the first electric machine 18 via an intermediate gear 22 and, like the integral gear 13, can be driven by the first electric machine 18.
- clutches 23, 24 are connected between the electric machine 18 and the intermediate gear 22 and between the intermediate gear 22 and the second compressor 21.
- the hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2 located at the third pressure level downstream of the first compressors 14, 15, 16 of the compression system 10a are compressed to a fourth pressure level via a third compressor 25 of the further compression system 10b, which is coupled to a second integral gear 26 of the further compression system 10b, which corresponds to an inlet pressure level of the ammonia synthesis device 20.
- a second electric machine 25 is coupled to the second integral gear 26 of the compression system 10b.
- the hydrogen H2 and the nitrogen N2 are partially converted into ammonia NH3, wherein in the ammonia synthesis device 20 unreacted hydrogen H2 and unreacted nitrogen N2 are discharged from the ammonia synthesis device 20, in particular at the third pressure level, and mixed in the region of a second mixing device 27 of the system 10 with the hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2, which is compressed by the first compressors 14, 15 and 16 to the third pressure level.
- the ammonia NH3 produced is cooled and liquefied.
- FIG. 1 also shows a refrigerant circuit 28 of the system 10 for refrigerant used in the ammonia synthesis device 20, wherein several refrigerant compressors 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 and 34 of the refrigerant circuit 28 are coupled to the second integral gear 26 in order to compress the refrigerant in stages.
- Ammonia can be used as the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant circuit 28 serves to cool and liquefy the ammonia NH3 produced.
- the refrigerant compressors 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 and 34 of the refrigerant circuit 28, as well as the third compressor 25 and the second integral gear 26, are components of the further compression system 10b.
- the first compressors 14, 15, 16 of the compression system 10a according to the invention are preferably pot compressors.
- the second compressor 21 of the compression system 10a according to the invention is preferably a screw compressor.
- the third compressor 25 as well as the refrigerant compressors 29 to 34 and the second integral gear 26 of the further compression system 10b of the system 10 according to the invention form an integral gear compressor.
- a single integral gear 13 with the first compressors 14, 15, 16 coupled to it and the second compressor 21 is used to compress the hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2 to the third pressure level, which preferably corresponds to the initial pressure level of the ammonia synthesis device 20 for hydrogen and nitrogen not converted to ammonia.
- These compressors 14, 15, 16 and 21 can be driven jointly by the first electric machine 18, namely the first compressors 14, 15, 16 via the integral gear 13 and the second compressor 21 via the intermediate gear 22.
- These assemblies 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 22, 21 are part of the compression system 10a according to the invention.
- the first pressure level at which the hydrogen generation device or electrolysis device 11 provides the hydrogen H2 can be between 1 bar and 30 bar. In a specific embodiment, it is assumed that the first pressure level is 1 bar.
- the second pressure level at which the nitrogen generation device or air separation device 12 provides the nitrogen N2 can be between 7 bar and 30 bar. In a specific embodiment, it is assumed that the second pressure level is 7 bar.
- the third pressure level downstream of the first compressors 14, 15, 16 is in particular in the order of magnitude between 140 bar and 200 bar.
- the fourth pressure level downstream of the third compressor 25 is in particular between 150 bar and 210 bar, and is therefore preferably 10 bar higher than the third pressure level.
- the second compressor 21 compresses the hydrogen H2 to the second pressure level. From this second pressure level, the first compressors 14, 15, 16 compress the mixture of nitrogen N2 and hydrogen H2 to the third pressure level, in stages.
- the output pressure level of the first compressor 14 can be in particular 30 bar and the output pressure level of the first compressor 15 can be in particular 70 bar.
- first compressors 14, 15, 16 shown in Fig. 1 is exemplary in nature. Depending on the second pressure level, only two first compressors may be used. There may also be four first compressors.
- the hydrogen generation device or electrolysis device 11 uses at least one regenerative energy source 36 to generate the hydrogen, i.e. electrical energy generated by at least one regenerative energy source 36.
- the nitrogen generation device or air separation device 12 also uses at least one regenerative energy source 37 to generate the nitrogen, i.e. electrical energy generated by at least one regenerative energy source 37.
- Electrical energy generated by at least one renewable energy source can also be used to drive the electrical machines 18, 35. Furthermore, electrical energy generated by at least one renewable energy source (not shown in Fig. 1) can be used in the area of the ammonia synthesis device 20.
- a special feature of the system 10 for producing ammonia is that if, for example, due to only a limited availability of renewable energy sources 36, 37 in the area of the hydrogen generation device or electrolysis device 11, no hydrogen H2 and/or in the area of the nitrogen generation device or air separation device 12, no nitrogen N2 can be produced in sufficient quantities and the compression system 10a comprising the first integral gear 13 is no longer running, N2 and H2 can still be conveyed through the ammonia synthesis device 20 via the second integral gear 26 of the further compression system 10b, which can be driven by the second electric machine 35, in order to continue to produce ammonia NH3. The amount of ammonia NH3 produced is then lower, but longer operating times and more uniform operation can be provided for the ammonia synthesis device 20.
- the compressors 21, 14, 15, 16, 25 and the refrigerant compressors 29 to 34 are shown only schematically and can have several stages. Compressors can be arranged in pairs back-to-back. Compressed gas leaving a compressor can be intermediately cooled.
- the invention allows an advantageous efficient production of ammonia NH3, in particular green or CO2-neutral ammonia NH3, with little installation space required and low costs.
- the system 10 for producing ammonia NH3 is characterized by a high degree of efficiency.
- a nitrogen generation device is also called a nitrogen generator.
- An air separation device 12 can be based on the principle of pressure swing adsorption or on the principle of membrane technology.
- the ammonia synthesis in the ammonia synthesis device 20 is an exothermic reaction.
- the coolant of the coolant circuit 28 can be recooled against water H2O. This can generate water vapor.
- Fig. 1 shows a turbine 39 to which water vapor can be supplied for expansion and to generate electrical energy, whereby expanded water vapor can be discharged from the turbine 39.
- the turbine 39 can be coupled to the second integral transmission 26 via a clutch 38, in particular a self-synchronizing clutch 38, in order to take over part of the drive power for the further compression system 10b and to reduce the power consumption or electricity consumption of the second electrical machine 35.
- the further compression system 10b is started with the second electric machine 35.
- Fig. 1 shows the turbine 39 with the supply of vaporous water H2O to be expanded and with the removal of expanded vaporous water H2O.
- the recooling of the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit 28 against the water in a heat exchanger is not shown in Fig. 1 for the sake of clarity. list of reference symbols
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Abstract
Description
Verdichtungssystem zur Verdichtung von Wasserstoff und Stickstoff einer Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak und Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak Compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen of an ammonia production plant and ammonia production plant
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verdichtungssystem zur Verdichtung von Wasserstoff und Stickstoff einer Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak. The invention relates to a compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen in a plant for producing ammonia. The invention also relates to a plant for producing ammonia.
Aus der Praxis bekannte Anlagen zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak beruhen auf der Verwendung insbesondere fossiler Energieträger, die insbesondere für die Verdichtung des Wasserstoffs und Stickstoffs genutzt werden. Hierbei fallen CO2- Emissionen an. Plants known in practice for producing ammonia are based on the use of fossil fuels in particular, which are used in particular for the compression of hydrogen and nitrogen. This generates CO2 emissions.
Es besteht Bedarf an einer effizienten Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak, welche insbesondere geeignet ist, grünes Ammoniak zu erzeugen, also CO2- neutrales Ammoniak. Ferner besteht Bedarf an einem Verdichtungssystem einer solchen Anlage zur effizienten Verdichtung von Wasserstoff und Stickstoff. There is a need for an efficient plant for producing ammonia, which is particularly suitable for producing green ammonia, i.e. CO2-neutral ammonia. There is also a need for a compression system for such a plant for the efficient compression of hydrogen and nitrogen.
Hiervon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein neuartiges Verdichtungssystem zur Verdichtung von Wasserstoff und Stickstoff einer Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak und eine Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak mit einem solchen Verdichtungssystem zu schaffen. Proceeding from this, the invention is based on the object of creating a novel compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen in a plant for producing ammonia and a plant for producing ammonia with such a compression system.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verdichtungssystem zur Verdichtung von Wasserstoff und Stickstoff gemäß Anspruch 1 und durch eine Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak gemäß Anspruch 6 gelöst. Das erfindungsgemäße Verdichtungssystem zur Verdichtung von Wasserstoff und Stickstoff einer Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak weist mehrere an ein erstes Integralgetriebe gekoppelte erste Verdichter zur Verdichtung des Wasserstoffs und des Stickstoffs und eine an das erste Integralgetriebe gekoppelte erste elektrische Maschine zum Antreiben der an das erste Integralgetriebe gekoppelten ersten Verdichter auf. This object is achieved by a compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen according to claim 1 and by a plant for producing ammonia according to claim 6. The compression system according to the invention for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen in a plant for producing ammonia has a plurality of first compressors coupled to a first integral transmission for compressing the hydrogen and the nitrogen and a first electric machine coupled to the first integral transmission for driving the first compressors coupled to the first integral transmission.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak weist eine insbesondere als Elektrolysevorrichtung ausgebildete Wasserstofferzeugungsvorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff und eine insbesondere als Luftseparationsvorrichtung ausgebildeten Stickstofferzeugungsvorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Stickstoff auf. Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak weist ferner das erfindungsgemäße Verdichtungssystem auf, also die mehreren an das erstes Integralgetriebe gekoppelten ersten Verdichter zur Verdichtung des von der Wasserstofferzeugungsvorrichtung erzeugten Wasserstoffs und des von der Stickstofferzeugungsvorrichtung erzeugten Stickstoffs. Ferner weist die erfindungsgemäße Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak die an das erste Integralgetriebe gekoppelte erste elektrische Maschine zum Antreiben der an das erste Integralgetriebe gekoppelten ersten Verdichter auf. Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak weist ferner eine Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung zur Erzeugung des Ammoniaks aus verdichtetem Wasserstoff und verdichtetem Stickstoff auf. The plant for producing ammonia according to the invention has a hydrogen production device, designed in particular as an electrolysis device, for producing hydrogen and a nitrogen production device, designed in particular as an air separation device, for producing nitrogen. The plant for producing ammonia according to the invention also has the compression system according to the invention, i.e. the plurality of first compressors coupled to the first integral transmission for compressing the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device and the nitrogen produced by the nitrogen production device. The plant for producing ammonia according to the invention also has the first electric machine coupled to the first integral transmission for driving the first compressors coupled to the first integral transmission. The plant for producing ammonia according to the invention also has an ammonia synthesis device for producing the ammonia from compressed hydrogen and compressed nitrogen.
Erfindungsgemäß sind an das erste Integralgetriebe die ersten Verdichter zur Verdichtung des Wasserstoffs und des Stickstoffs gekoppelt. Zum Antreiben der ersten Verdichter ist an das erste Integralgetriebe die erste elektrische Maschine gekoppelt. Der verdichtete Wasserstoff und verdichtete Stickstoff werden zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak genutzt. Die Erfindung erlaubt eine effiziente Verdichtung von Wasserstoff und Stickstoff für eine Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak und damit auch eine effiziente Herstellung von insbesondere grünem bzw. CO2- neutralem Ammoniak. In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems empfängt das Verdichtungssystem den Wasserstoff auf einem ersten Druckniveau und den Stickstoff auf einem zweiten Druckniveau, welches größer ist als das erste Druckniveau, wobei ein zweiter Verdichter den Wasserstoff auf das zweite Druckniveau verdichtet, und wobei die mehreren an das erste Integralgetriebe des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems gekoppelten ersten Verdichter zur Verdichtung des Wasserstoffs und des Stickstoffs den Wasserstoff und Stickstoff stufenweise auf ein drittes Druckniveau verdichten, welches größer ist als das zweite Druckniveau. Der zweite Verdichter ist vorzugsweise über ein Zwischengetriebe an die an das erste Integralgetriebe gekoppelte erste elektrische Maschine gekoppelt. Dies ist besonders bevorzugt, um den Wasserstoff und den Stickstoff für die Ammoniaksynthese zu verdichten. According to the invention, the first compressors for compressing the hydrogen and nitrogen are coupled to the first integral transmission. The first electric machine is coupled to the first integral transmission to drive the first compressors. The compressed hydrogen and compressed nitrogen are used to produce ammonia. The invention allows efficient compression of hydrogen and nitrogen for a plant for producing ammonia and thus also efficient production of green or CO2-neutral ammonia in particular. In a preferred development of the compression system according to the invention, the compression system receives the hydrogen at a first pressure level and the nitrogen at a second pressure level, which is greater than the first pressure level, wherein a second compressor compresses the hydrogen to the second pressure level, and wherein the plurality of first compressors coupled to the first integral gear of the compression system according to the invention for compressing the hydrogen and the nitrogen compress the hydrogen and nitrogen in stages to a third pressure level, which is greater than the second pressure level. The second compressor is preferably coupled via an intermediate gear to the first electric machine coupled to the first integral gear. This is particularly preferred in order to compress the hydrogen and the nitrogen for ammonia synthesis.
In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak verlässt in der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung nicht zu Ammoniak umgesetzter Wasserstoff und Stickstoff die Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung auf dem dritten Druckniveau, wobei der die Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung auf dem dritten Druckniveau verlassende Wasserstoff und Stickstoff vorzugsweise über eine Mischeinrichtung mit dem von den an das erste Integralgetriebe gekoppelten ersten Verdichtern des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems auf das dritte Druckniveau verdichteten Wasserstoff und Stickstoff gemischt wird. Dies erlaubt eine besonders vorteilhafte Erzeugung bzw. Synthese von Ammoniak. In a preferred development of the system according to the invention for producing ammonia, hydrogen and nitrogen not converted to ammonia in the ammonia synthesis device leave the ammonia synthesis device at the third pressure level, wherein the hydrogen and nitrogen leaving the ammonia synthesis device at the third pressure level are preferably mixed via a mixing device with the hydrogen and nitrogen compressed to the third pressure level by the first compressors of the compression system according to the invention coupled to the first integral gear. This allows a particularly advantageous production or synthesis of ammonia.
Vorzugsweise ist ein dritter Verdichter zur Verdichtung des Wasserstoffs und Stickstoffs eines weiteren Verdichtungssystems der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak an ein zweites Integralgetriebe des weiteren Verdichtungssystems der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak gekoppelt ist, wobei der dritte Verdichter den Wasserstoff und Stickstoff ausgehend vom dritten Druckniveau auf ein viertes Druckniveau für die Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung verdichtet. Dies ist besonders bevorzugt, um grünes bzw. CO2- neutrales Ammoniak erzeugen. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt: Preferably, a third compressor for compressing the hydrogen and nitrogen of a further compression system of the plant according to the invention for producing ammonia is coupled to a second integral gear of the further compression system of the plant according to the invention for producing ammonia, wherein the third compressor compresses the hydrogen and nitrogen from the third pressure level to a fourth pressure level for the ammonia synthesis device. This is particularly preferred in order to produce green or CO2-neutral ammonia. Preferred developments of the invention emerge from the subclaims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, without being limited thereto. In the drawing:
Fig. 1 ein Schema einer Anlage zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak, die alsFig. 1 is a diagram of a plant for the production of ammonia, which is used as
Bestandteil ein Verdichtungssystem zur Verdichtung von Wasserstoff und Stickstoff aufweist. Component has a compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen.
Fig. 1 zeigt ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage 10 zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak NH3. Die Anlage 10 dient der effizienten Erzeugung von insbesondere grünem Ammoniak NH3, also der Erzeugung von CO2- neutralem Ammoniak NH3 insbesondere unter Nutzung ausschließlich regenerativer Energiequellen. Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a plant 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3. The plant 10 serves for the efficient production of green ammonia NH3 in particular, i.e. the production of CO2-neutral ammonia NH3 in particular using exclusively renewable energy sources.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage 10 zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak NH3 weist ein erfindungsgemäßes Verdichtungssystem 10a zur Verdichtung von Wasserstoff H2 und Stickstoff N2 auf. Fig. 1 zeigt ferner Baugruppen eines weiteren Verdichtungssystems 10b der erfindungsgemäße Anlage 10. The plant 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3 has a compression system 10a according to the invention for compressing hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2. Fig. 1 also shows components of a further compression system 10b of the plant 10 according to the invention.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage 10 zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak NH3 weist eine im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel als Elektrolysevorrichtung 11 ausgebildete Wasserstofferzeugungsvorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff H2 aus Wasser H2O auf. Bei der Elektrolyse von Wasserstoff H2 aus Wasser H2O entsteht weiterhin Sauerstoff O2, der jedoch für die Betrachtung der Erfindung von untergeordneter Bedeutung ist. Die als Elektrolysevorrichtung 11 ausgebildete Wasserstofferzeugungsvorrichtung nutzt vorzugsweise mindestens eine regenerative Energiequelle 36 zur Erzeugung des Wasserstoffs H2, also von mindestens einer regenerativen Energiequelle 36 erzeugte elektrische Energie. Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage 10 zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak NH3 weist ferner eine im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel als Luftseparationsvorrichtung 12 ausgebildete Stickstofferzeugungsvorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Stickstoff N2 auf. Die Luftseparationseinrichtung 12 erzeugt aus Luft den Stickstoff N2. Auch die Luftseparationsvorrichtung 12 nutzt zur Erzeugung des Stickstoffs N2 mindestens eine regenerative Energiequelle 37, also von mindestens einer regenerativen Energiequelle 37 erzeugte elektrische Energie. The system 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3 has a hydrogen generation device, designed in the embodiment shown as an electrolysis device 11, for producing hydrogen H2 from water H2O. During the electrolysis of hydrogen H2 from water H2O, oxygen O2 is also produced, which is, however, of secondary importance for the consideration of the invention. The hydrogen generation device designed as an electrolysis device 11 preferably uses at least one regenerative energy source 36 to produce the hydrogen H2, i.e. electrical energy generated by at least one regenerative energy source 36. The system 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3 also has a nitrogen generating device, designed as an air separation device 12 in the embodiment shown, for producing nitrogen N2. The air separation device 12 produces nitrogen N2 from air. The air separation device 12 also uses at least one regenerative energy source 37 to produce the nitrogen N2, i.e. electrical energy generated by at least one regenerative energy source 37.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verdichtungssystem 10a der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage 10 zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak NH3 verfügt über ein erstes Integralgetriebe 13. Vom ersten Integralgetriebe 13 sind in Fig. 1 schematisiert ein Großrad 13a und in das Großrad 13a kämmende Ritzel 13b gezeigt. Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystem 10a sind an das erste Integralgetriebe 13 mehrere erste Verdichter 14, 15, 16 gekoppelt, die der Verdichtung des von der Wasserstofferzeugungsvorrichtung bzw. Elektrolysevorrichtung 11 erzeugten Wasserstoffs H2 und des von der Stickstofferzeugungsvorrichtung bzw. Luftseparationsvorrichtung 12 erzeugten Stickstoffs N2 dienen. Im Bereich einer Mischeinrichtung 17 werden der Wasserstoff H2 und der Stickstoff N2 gemischt und als Gemisch stufenweise in den ersten Verdichtern 14, 15, 16 verdichtet. The compression system 10a according to the invention of the plant 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3 has a first integral gear 13. A large gear 13a and pinions 13b meshing with the large gear 13a are shown schematically in Fig. 1 of the first integral gear 13. In the compression system 10a according to the invention, several first compressors 14, 15, 16 are coupled to the first integral gear 13, which serve to compress the hydrogen H2 generated by the hydrogen generation device or electrolysis device 11 and the nitrogen N2 generated by the nitrogen generation device or air separation device 12. In the area of a mixing device 17, the hydrogen H2 and the nitrogen N2 are mixed and gradually compressed as a mixture in the first compressors 14, 15, 16.
An das erste Integralgetriebe 13 ist eine erste elektrische Maschine 18 des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems 10a gekoppelt, die dem Antreiben des Großrads 13a des Integralgetriebes 13 und über die in das Großrad 13a kämmenden Ritzel 13b dem Antreiben der ersten Verdichter 14, 15, 16 dient. Zwischen die elektrische Maschine 18 und das erste Integralgetriebe 13 ist dabei gemäß Fig. 1 eine Kupplung 19 geschaltet. A first electric machine 18 of the compression system 10a according to the invention is coupled to the first integral transmission 13, which serves to drive the large gear 13a of the integral transmission 13 and, via the pinions 13b meshing with the large gear 13a, to drive the first compressors 14, 15, 16. A clutch 19 is connected between the electric machine 18 and the first integral transmission 13 as shown in Fig. 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage 10 zur Erzeugung des Ammoniaks NH3 verfügt weiterhin über eine Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20, die Ammoniak NH3 erzeugt. Die Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 beruht dabei vorzugsweise auf dem Haber- Bosch-Prinzip. Die Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 erzeugt aus dem verdichteten Wasserstoff H2 und Stickstoff N2 das Ammoniak NH3. The plant 10 according to the invention for producing ammonia NH3 further comprises an ammonia synthesis device 20 which produces ammonia NH3. The ammonia synthesis device 20 is preferably based on the Haber-Bosch principle. The ammonia synthesis device 20 produces ammonia NH3 from the compressed hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2.
Mit der Erfindung wird eine Anlage 10 zur effizienten vorteilhaften Erzeugung von vorzugsweise grünem bzw. CO2-neutralem Ammoniak NH3 bereitgestellt. Das Verdichtungssystem 10a erlaubt eine effiziente Verdichtung des benötigten Wasserstoffs H2 und der Stickstoffs N2. The invention provides a system 10 for the efficient, advantageous production of preferably green or CO2-neutral ammonia NH3. The compression system 10a allows efficient compression of the required hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2.
Die ersten Verdichter 14, 15, 16 des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems 10a, die der Verdichtung des Wasserstoffs H2 und des Stickstoffs N2 dienen, sind dabei an das erste Integralgetriebe 13 gekoppelt. Die ersten Verdichter 14, 15, 16 verdichten den Wasserstoff H2 und den Stickstoff N2 gemeinsam und stellen den verdichteten Wasserstoff H2 und verdichteten Stickstoff N2 der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 bereit. The first compressors 14, 15, 16 of the compression system 10a according to the invention, which serve to compress the hydrogen H2 and the nitrogen N2, are coupled to the first integral gear 13. The first compressors 14, 15, 16 compress the hydrogen H2 and the nitrogen N2 together and provide the compressed hydrogen H2 and compressed nitrogen N2 to the ammonia synthesis device 20.
Die Wasserstofferzeugungsvorrichtung bzw. Elektrolysevorrichtung 11 stellt den Wasserstoff H2 insbesondere auf einem ersten Druckniveau bereit, wobei die Stickstofferzeugungsvorrichtung bzw. Luftseparationsvorrichtung 12 den Stickstoff N2 insbesondere auf einem zweiten Druckniveau bereitstellt, welches größer oder höher als das erste Druckniveau ist. Das erfindungsgemäße Verdichtungssystem 10a empfängt den Wasserstoff H2 insbesondere auf dem ersten Druckniveau und den Stickstoff N2 auf dem zweiten Druckniveau. The hydrogen generation device or electrolysis device 11 provides the hydrogen H2 in particular at a first pressure level, wherein the nitrogen generation device or air separation device 12 provides the nitrogen N2 in particular at a second pressure level, which is greater or higher than the first pressure level. The compression system 10a according to the invention receives the hydrogen H2 in particular at the first pressure level and the nitrogen N2 at the second pressure level.
Der auf dem ersten Druckniveau bereitgestellte Wasserstoff H2 wird mithilfe eines zweiten Verdichters 21 des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems 10a auf das zweite Druckniveau des Stickstoffs N2 verdichtet, um im Bereich der Mischvorrichtung 17 des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems 10a mit dem Stickstoff N2 vermischt zu werden. Ausgehend von diesem zweiten Druckniveau verdichten die ersten Verdichter 14, 15, 16 des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems 10a das Gemisch aus Wasserstoff H2 und Stickstoff N2 stufenweise auf ein drittes Druckniveau, welches stromabwärts der ersten Verdichter 14, 15, 16 vorliegt. Dieses dritte Druckniveau ist größer bzw. höher als das zweite Druckniveau stromaufwärts der ersten Verdichter 14, 15, 16 und entspricht insbesondere einem Ausgangsdruckniveau der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 für in der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 nicht zu Ammoniak umgesetzten Wasserstoff und Stickstoff. The hydrogen H2 provided at the first pressure level is compressed to the second pressure level of the nitrogen N2 by means of a second compressor 21 of the compression system 10a according to the invention in order to be mixed with the nitrogen N2 in the region of the mixing device 17 of the compression system 10a according to the invention. Starting from this second pressure level, the first compressors 14, 15, 16 of the compression system 10a according to the invention compress the mixture of hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2 step by step to a third pressure level, which is present downstream of the first compressors 14, 15, 16. This third pressure level is greater or higher than the second pressure level upstream of the first compressors 14, 15, 16 and corresponds in particular to an output pressure level of the ammonia synthesis device 20 for hydrogen and nitrogen not converted to ammonia in the ammonia synthesis device 20.
Der zweite Verdichter 21 des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems 10a ist vorzugsweise über ein Zwischengetriebe 22 an die erste elektrische Maschine 18 gekoppelt und kann ebenso wie das Integralgetriebe 13 von der ersten elektrischen Maschine 18 aus angetrieben werden. Gemäß Fig. 1 sind zwischen die elektrische Maschine 18 und das Zwischengetriebe 22 sowie zwischen das Zwischengetriebe 22 und den zweiten Verdichter 21 Kupplungen 23, 24 geschaltet. The second compressor 21 of the compression system 10a according to the invention is preferably coupled to the first electric machine 18 via an intermediate gear 22 and, like the integral gear 13, can be driven by the first electric machine 18. According to Fig. 1, clutches 23, 24 are connected between the electric machine 18 and the intermediate gear 22 and between the intermediate gear 22 and the second compressor 21.
Der stromabwärts der ersten Verdichter 14, 15, 16 des Verdichtungssystems 10a auf dem dritten Druckniveau befindliche Wasserstoff H2 und Stickstoff N2 wird über einen dritten Verdichter 25 des weiteren Verdichtungssystems 10b, der an ein zweites Integralgetriebe 26 des weiteren Verdichtungssystems 10b gekoppelt ist, auf ein viertes Druckniveau verdichtet, welches einem Eingangsdruckniveau der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 entspricht. An das zweite Integralgetriebe 26 des Verdichtungssystems 10b ist eine zweite elektrische Maschine 25 gekoppelt. The hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2 located at the third pressure level downstream of the first compressors 14, 15, 16 of the compression system 10a are compressed to a fourth pressure level via a third compressor 25 of the further compression system 10b, which is coupled to a second integral gear 26 of the further compression system 10b, which corresponds to an inlet pressure level of the ammonia synthesis device 20. A second electric machine 25 is coupled to the second integral gear 26 of the compression system 10b.
In der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 der Anlage 10 werden der Wasserstoff H2 und der Stickstoff N2 teilweise in Ammoniak NH3 umgesetzt, wobei in der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 nicht umgesetzter Wasserstoff H2 und nicht umgesetzter Stickstoff N2 insbesondere auf dem dritten Druckniveau von der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 abgeführt und im Bereich einer zweiten Mischeinrichtung 27 der Anlage 10 mit dem Wasserstoff H2 und Stickstoff N2 gemischt werden, der von den ersten Verdichtern 14, 15 und 16 auf das dritte Druckniveau verdichtet wird. Das erzeugte Ammoniak NH3 wird gekühlt und verflüssigt. Fig. 1 zeigt weiterhin einen Kältemittelkreislauf 28 der Anlage 10 für in der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 genutztes Kältemittel, wobei an das zweite Integralgetriebe 26 mehrere Kältemittelverdichter 29, 30, 31 , 32, 33 und 34 des Kältemittelkreislaufs 28 gekoppelt sind, um das Kältemittel stufenweise zu verdichten. Als Kältemittel kann Ammoniak genutzt werden. Die Kältemittelkreislauf 28 dient der Kühlung und Verflüssigung des erzeugten Ammoniaks NH3. In the ammonia synthesis device 20 of the system 10, the hydrogen H2 and the nitrogen N2 are partially converted into ammonia NH3, wherein in the ammonia synthesis device 20 unreacted hydrogen H2 and unreacted nitrogen N2 are discharged from the ammonia synthesis device 20, in particular at the third pressure level, and mixed in the region of a second mixing device 27 of the system 10 with the hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2, which is compressed by the first compressors 14, 15 and 16 to the third pressure level. The ammonia NH3 produced is cooled and liquefied. Fig. 1 also shows a refrigerant circuit 28 of the system 10 for refrigerant used in the ammonia synthesis device 20, wherein several refrigerant compressors 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 and 34 of the refrigerant circuit 28 are coupled to the second integral gear 26 in order to compress the refrigerant in stages. Ammonia can be used as the refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit 28 serves to cool and liquefy the ammonia NH3 produced.
Die Kältemittelverdichter 29, 30, 31 , 32, 33 und 34 des Kältemittelkreislaufs 28 sind ebenso wie der dritte Verdichter 25 und das zweite Integralgetriebe 26 Baugruppen des weiteren Verdichtungssystems 10b. The refrigerant compressors 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 and 34 of the refrigerant circuit 28, as well as the third compressor 25 and the second integral gear 26, are components of the further compression system 10b.
Bei den ersten Verdichtern 14, 15, 16 des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems 10a handelt es sich vorzugsweise um Topfverdichter. Beim zweiten Verdichter 21 des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems 10a handelt es sich vorzugsweise um einen Schraubenverdichter. Der dritte Verdichter 25 sowie die Kältemittelverdichter 29 bis 34 und das zweite Integralgetriebe 26 des weiteren Verdichtungssystems 10b der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage 10 bilden einen Integral- Getriebeverdichter. The first compressors 14, 15, 16 of the compression system 10a according to the invention are preferably pot compressors. The second compressor 21 of the compression system 10a according to the invention is preferably a screw compressor. The third compressor 25 as well as the refrigerant compressors 29 to 34 and the second integral gear 26 of the further compression system 10b of the system 10 according to the invention form an integral gear compressor.
Zur Verdichtung des Wasserstoffs H2 und Stickstoffs N2 auf das dritte Druckniveau, welches vorzugsweise dem Ausgangsdruckniveau der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 für nicht zum Ammoniak umgesetzten Wasserstoff und Stickstoff entspricht, dient ein einziges Integralgetriebe 13 mit den an dasselbe gekoppelten ersten Verdichtern 14, 15, 16 sowie der zweite Verdichter 21. Diese Verdichter 14, 15, 16 und 21 sind gemeinsam von der ersten elektrischen Maschine 18 aus antreibbar, nämlich die ersten Verdichtern 14, 15, 16 über das Integralgetriebe 13 und der zweite Verdichter 21 über das Zwischengetriebe 22. Diese Baugruppen 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 22, 21 sind Bestandteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichtungssystems 10a. Das erste Druckniveau, mit welchem die Wasserstofferzeugungsvorrichtung bzw. Elektrolysevorrichtung 11 den Wasserstoff H2 bereitstellt, kann zwischen 1 bar und 30 bar getragen. In einem konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel sei davon ausgegangen, dass das erste Druckniveau 1 bar beträgt. Das zweite Druckniveau, mit welchem die Stickstofferzeugungsvorrichtung bzw. Luftseparationsvorrichtung 12 den Stickstoff N2 bereitstellt, kann zwischen 7 bar und 30 bar betragen. In einem konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel sei davon ausgegangen, dass das zweite Druckniveau bei 7 bar liegt. Das dritte Druckniveau stromabwärts der ersten Verdichter 14, 15, 16 liegt insbesondere in der Größenordnung zwischen 140 bar und 200 bar. Das vierte Druckniveau stromabwärts des dritten Verdichters 25 liegt insbesondere zwischen 150 bar und 210 bar, ist also vorzugsweise um 10 bar höher als das dritte Druckniveau. A single integral gear 13 with the first compressors 14, 15, 16 coupled to it and the second compressor 21 is used to compress the hydrogen H2 and nitrogen N2 to the third pressure level, which preferably corresponds to the initial pressure level of the ammonia synthesis device 20 for hydrogen and nitrogen not converted to ammonia. These compressors 14, 15, 16 and 21 can be driven jointly by the first electric machine 18, namely the first compressors 14, 15, 16 via the integral gear 13 and the second compressor 21 via the intermediate gear 22. These assemblies 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 22, 21 are part of the compression system 10a according to the invention. The first pressure level at which the hydrogen generation device or electrolysis device 11 provides the hydrogen H2 can be between 1 bar and 30 bar. In a specific embodiment, it is assumed that the first pressure level is 1 bar. The second pressure level at which the nitrogen generation device or air separation device 12 provides the nitrogen N2 can be between 7 bar and 30 bar. In a specific embodiment, it is assumed that the second pressure level is 7 bar. The third pressure level downstream of the first compressors 14, 15, 16 is in particular in the order of magnitude between 140 bar and 200 bar. The fourth pressure level downstream of the third compressor 25 is in particular between 150 bar and 210 bar, and is therefore preferably 10 bar higher than the third pressure level.
Der zweite Verdichter 21 verdichtet den Wasserstoff H2 auf das zweite Druckniveau. Von diesem zweiten Druckniveau aus verdichten die ersten Verdichter 14, 15, 16 das Gemisch aus Stickstoff N2 und Wasserstoff H2 auf dritte Druckniveau, und zwar stufenweise. Dabei kann das Ausgangsdruckniveau des ersten Verdichters 14 insbesondere 30 bar und das Ausgangsdruckniveau des ersten Verdichters 15 insbesondere 70 bar betragen. The second compressor 21 compresses the hydrogen H2 to the second pressure level. From this second pressure level, the first compressors 14, 15, 16 compress the mixture of nitrogen N2 and hydrogen H2 to the third pressure level, in stages. The output pressure level of the first compressor 14 can be in particular 30 bar and the output pressure level of the first compressor 15 can be in particular 70 bar.
Die Anzahl der in Fig. 1 gezeigten ersten Verdichter 14, 15, 16 ist exemplarischer Natur. Abhängig vom zweiten Druckniveau können auch lediglich zwei erste Verdichter zum Einsatz kommen. Es können auch vier erste Verdichter vorhanden sein. The number of first compressors 14, 15, 16 shown in Fig. 1 is exemplary in nature. Depending on the second pressure level, only two first compressors may be used. There may also be four first compressors.
Die Wasserstofferzeugungsvorrichtung bzw. Elektrolysevorrichtung 11 nutzt mindestens eine regenerative Energiequelle 36 zur Erzeugung des Wasserstoffs, also von mindestens einer regenerativen Energiequelle 36 erzeugte elektrische Energie. Auch die Stickstofferzeugungsvorrichtung bzw. Luftseparationsvorrichtung 12 nutzt mindestens eine regenerative Energiequelle 37 zur Erzeugung des Stickstoffs, also von mindestens einer regenerativen Energiequelle 37 erzeugte elektrische Energie. The hydrogen generation device or electrolysis device 11 uses at least one regenerative energy source 36 to generate the hydrogen, i.e. electrical energy generated by at least one regenerative energy source 36. The nitrogen generation device or air separation device 12 also uses at least one regenerative energy source 37 to generate the nitrogen, i.e. electrical energy generated by at least one regenerative energy source 37.
Auch zum Antrieb der elektrischen Maschinen 18, 35 kann von mindestens einer regenerativen Energiequelle (in Fig. 1 nicht gezeigt) erzeugte elektrische Energie genutzt werden. Ferner kann im Bereich der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 elektrische Energie genutzt werden, die von mindestens einer regenerativen Energiequelle (in Fig. 1 nicht gezeigt) erzeugt wird. Electrical energy generated by at least one renewable energy source (not shown in Fig. 1) can also be used to drive the electrical machines 18, 35. Furthermore, electrical energy generated by at least one renewable energy source (not shown in Fig. 1) can be used in the area of the ammonia synthesis device 20.
Eine Besonderheit der Anlage 10 zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak besteht darin, dass dann, wenn zum Beispiel in Folge von nur in eingeschränktem Umfang zur Verfügung stehender regenerativer Energiequellen 36, 37 im Bereich der Wasserstofferzeugungsvorrichtung bzw. Elektrolysevorrichtung 11 kein Wasserstoff H2 und/oder im Bereich der Stickstofferzeugungsvorrichtung bzw. Luftseparationsvorrichtung 12 kein Sickstoff N2 mehr in ausreichendem Umfang erzeugt werden kann und das das erste Integralgetriebe 13 umfassende Verdichtungssystem 10a nicht mehr läuft, dennoch weiterhin über das zweite Integralgetriebe 26 des weiteren Verdichtungssystems 10b, welches von der zweiten elektrischen Maschine 35 aus antreibbar ist, N2 und H2 durch die Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 gefördert werden kann, um nach wie vor Ammoniak NH3 zu erzeugen. Die Menge des erzeugten Ammoniaks NH3 wird dann zwar geringer, es können aber höhere Einsatzzeiten und ein gleichmäßigerer Betrieb für die Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 bereitgestellt werden. A special feature of the system 10 for producing ammonia is that if, for example, due to only a limited availability of renewable energy sources 36, 37 in the area of the hydrogen generation device or electrolysis device 11, no hydrogen H2 and/or in the area of the nitrogen generation device or air separation device 12, no nitrogen N2 can be produced in sufficient quantities and the compression system 10a comprising the first integral gear 13 is no longer running, N2 and H2 can still be conveyed through the ammonia synthesis device 20 via the second integral gear 26 of the further compression system 10b, which can be driven by the second electric machine 35, in order to continue to produce ammonia NH3. The amount of ammonia NH3 produced is then lower, but longer operating times and more uniform operation can be provided for the ammonia synthesis device 20.
Die Verdichter 21 , 14, 15, 16, 25 sowie die Kältemittelverdichter 29 bis 34 sind lediglich schematisiert gezeigt und können mehrere Stufen aufweisen. Verdichter können paarweise back-to-back, als Rücken an Rücken, angeordnet sein. Verdichtetes Gas, welches einen Verdichter verlässt, kann zwischengekühlt werden. Die Erfindung erlaubt eine vorteilhafte effiziente Herstellung von Ammoniak NH3, insbesondere von grünem bzw. CO2-neutralem Ammoniak NH3, bei geringem Bauraumbedarf und geringen Kosten. Die Anlage 10 zur Erzeugung von Ammoniak NH3 zeichnet sich durch einen hohen Wirkungsgrad aus. The compressors 21, 14, 15, 16, 25 and the refrigerant compressors 29 to 34 are shown only schematically and can have several stages. Compressors can be arranged in pairs back-to-back. Compressed gas leaving a compressor can be intermediately cooled. The invention allows an advantageous efficient production of ammonia NH3, in particular green or CO2-neutral ammonia NH3, with little installation space required and low costs. The system 10 for producing ammonia NH3 is characterized by a high degree of efficiency.
Eine Stickstofferzeugungsvorrichtung wird auch als Stickstoffgenerator bezeichnet. Eine Luftseparationsvorrichtung 12 kann auf dem Prinzip der Druckwechseladsorption oder auf dem Prinzip der Membrantechnologie beruhen. A nitrogen generation device is also called a nitrogen generator. An air separation device 12 can be based on the principle of pressure swing adsorption or on the principle of membrane technology.
Bei der Ammoniaksynthese in der Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 handelt es sich um eine exotherme Reaktion. Das Kältemittel des Kältemittelkreislaufs 28 kann gegen Wasser H2O rückgekühlt werden. Dabei kann Wasserdampf erzeugt werden. Als optionale Erweiterung des weiteren Verdichtungssystems 10b und damit der Anlage 10 zeigt Fig. 1 eine Turbine 39, welcher Wasserdampf zur Entspannung und zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie zugeführt werden kann, wobei von der Turbine 39 entspannter Wasserdampf abgeführt werden kann. Die Turbine 39 kann über ein Kupplung 38, insbesondere eine selbstsynchronisierende Kupplung 38, an das zweite Integralgetriebe 26 angekuppelt werden, um einen T eil der Antriebsleistung für das weitere Verdichtungssystem 10b zu übernehmen und die Leistungsaufnahme bzw. den Stromverbrauch der zweiten elektrischen Maschine 35 zu verringern. Gestartet wird das weitere Verdichtungssystem 10b mit der zweiten elektrischen Maschine 35. Läuft der Prozess und entsteht Dampf, kann über die Kupplung 38 die Turbine 39 im Betrieb an das zweite Integralgetriebe 26 angekoppelt werden. Fig. 1 zeigt die Turbine 39 mit der Zufuhr von zu entspannendem dampfförmigen Wassert H2O und mit der Abfuhr von entspanntem dampfförmigen Wassert H2O. Die Rückkühlung des Kältemittels des Kältemittelkreislaufs 28 gegen das Wasser in einem Wärmetauscher ist in Fig. 1 der Übersichtlichkeit halber nicht gezeigt. Bezugszeichenliste The ammonia synthesis in the ammonia synthesis device 20 is an exothermic reaction. The coolant of the coolant circuit 28 can be recooled against water H2O. This can generate water vapor. As an optional extension of the further compression system 10b and thus of the system 10, Fig. 1 shows a turbine 39 to which water vapor can be supplied for expansion and to generate electrical energy, whereby expanded water vapor can be discharged from the turbine 39. The turbine 39 can be coupled to the second integral transmission 26 via a clutch 38, in particular a self-synchronizing clutch 38, in order to take over part of the drive power for the further compression system 10b and to reduce the power consumption or electricity consumption of the second electrical machine 35. The further compression system 10b is started with the second electric machine 35. When the process is running and steam is generated, the turbine 39 can be coupled to the second integral gear 26 via the coupling 38. Fig. 1 shows the turbine 39 with the supply of vaporous water H2O to be expanded and with the removal of expanded vaporous water H2O. The recooling of the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit 28 against the water in a heat exchanger is not shown in Fig. 1 for the sake of clarity. list of reference symbols
10 Anlage 10 Annex
10a Verdichtungssystem 10a compaction system
10b Verdichtungssystem 10b compaction system
11 Elektrolysevorrichtung 11 electrolysis device
12 Luftseparationsvorrichtung 12 air separation device
13 erstes Integralgetriebe 13 first integral transmission
13a Großrad 13a large wheel
13b Ritzel 13b pinion
14 erster Verdichter 14 first compressor
15 erster Verdichter 15 first compressor
16 erster Verdichter 16 first compressor
17 Mischvorrichtung 17 mixing device
18 erste elektrischen Maschine 18 first electric machine
19 Kupplung 19 clutch
20 Ammoniaksynthesevorrichtung 20 ammonia synthesis device
21 zweiter Verdichter 21 second compressor
22 Zwischengetriebe 22 intermediate gears
23 Kupplung 23 clutch
24 Kupplung 24 clutch
25 dritter Verdichter 25 third compressor
26 zweites Integralgetriebe 26 second integral transmission
27 Mischvorrichtung 27 mixing device
28 Kältemittelkreislauf 28 refrigerant circuit
29 Kaltem ittelverd i chter 29 cold medium compressors
30 Kaltem ittelverd i chter 30 cold medium compressors
31 Kaltem ittelverd i chter 31 cold medium compressors
32 Kaltem ittelverd i chter 32 cold medium compressors
33 Kaltem ittelverd i chter 33 cold medium compressors
34 Kaltem ittelverd i chter 34 cold medium compressors
35 zweite elektrischen Maschine Energiequelle Energiequelle Kupplung Turbine 35 second electric machine Energy source Energy source Clutch Turbine
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023114762.5 | 2023-06-06 | ||
| DE102023114762.5A DE102023114762A1 (en) | 2023-06-06 | 2023-06-06 | Compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen of an ammonia production plant and ammonia production plant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024251410A1 true WO2024251410A1 (en) | 2024-12-12 |
Family
ID=90811179
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/058532 Ceased WO2024251410A1 (en) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-03-28 | Compression system for compressing hydrogen and nitrogen in a plant for producing ammonia, and plant for producing ammonia |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102023114762A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024251410A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3508447B1 (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2021-10-20 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie SrL | Ammonia production plant |
| WO2022228720A1 (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-11-03 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie - S.R.L. | Hydrogen compressing assembly, hydrogen production plant, and compressing method |
| WO2023078584A1 (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-05-11 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie - S.R.L. | System for ammonia production including hydrogen leak recovery from dry gas seals of hydrogen compressor, and method |
| WO2023165739A1 (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2023-09-07 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie - S.R.L. | Multi-compression unit for ammonia production |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8778293B2 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2014-07-15 | Roger Gordon | Production of ammonia from air and water |
-
2023
- 2023-06-06 DE DE102023114762.5A patent/DE102023114762A1/en active Granted
-
2024
- 2024-03-28 WO PCT/EP2024/058532 patent/WO2024251410A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3508447B1 (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2021-10-20 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie SrL | Ammonia production plant |
| WO2022228720A1 (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-11-03 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie - S.R.L. | Hydrogen compressing assembly, hydrogen production plant, and compressing method |
| WO2023078584A1 (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-05-11 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie - S.R.L. | System for ammonia production including hydrogen leak recovery from dry gas seals of hydrogen compressor, and method |
| WO2023165739A1 (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2023-09-07 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie - S.R.L. | Multi-compression unit for ammonia production |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102023114762A1 (en) | 2024-12-12 |
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