WO2024251740A1 - Procédé de synthèse d'un polyester de glycérol et polyester de glycérol obtenu - Google Patents
Procédé de synthèse d'un polyester de glycérol et polyester de glycérol obtenu Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024251740A1 WO2024251740A1 PCT/EP2024/065347 EP2024065347W WO2024251740A1 WO 2024251740 A1 WO2024251740 A1 WO 2024251740A1 EP 2024065347 W EP2024065347 W EP 2024065347W WO 2024251740 A1 WO2024251740 A1 WO 2024251740A1
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- glycerol
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- dicarboxylic acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G63/84—Boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, rare-earth metals, or compounds thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
- C08G63/82—Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
- C08G63/85—Germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, or compounds thereof
Definitions
- the field of the present invention is that of the synthesis of aliphatic polyesters, in particular glycerol polyester, obtained by esterification of hydroxyl groups of a polyol and carboxyl groups of a diacid by a polycondensation reaction.
- a conventional method for synthesizing a polymer of glycerol and a diacid is carried out in a molten medium at high temperature with long reaction times and consists of an esterification step followed by a polycondensation carried out at very low pressure.
- Such a method is for example described in EP1448656A1.
- the monomers constituting such a polymer have different affinities.
- glycerol is typically poorly soluble with dicarboxylic acids.
- This poor affinity between monomers has the consequence of making the reaction difficult to control and reproduce due to difficult homogenization of the reaction medium. This leads to the production of polymers with uncontrolled macrostructural and microstructural properties, which result in limited physicochemical properties that do not always meet application needs.
- US2020/0247945 A1 also describes a bulk synthesis (solvent-free) at very low pressure of a polymer of glycerol and a diacid, in particular polyglycerol sebacate (PGS).
- PGS polyglycerol sebacate
- the kinetics are accelerated by a heterogeneous catalysis process, in the presence of solid calcined sulfated titanium.
- the polycondensation takes place at a pressure of 300 mTorr to 600 mTorr (0.4 to 0.8 mbar) in a heterogeneous medium in the presence of a quantity of the solid catalyst ranging from 1.5 to 2 mol% relative to the monomers.
- the article in Polymer 55 (2014) 5065-5072 describes the synthesis of a polymer of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, in bulk medium in the presence of dibutyltin oxide, which has an acute toxicity level.
- the polymers obtained are hyperbranched with relatively low molar masses, even after 1.5 hours of reaction.
- the glycerol monomer participating in the preparation of glycerol polyesters is trifunctional. In other words, during polymerization, the esterification reaction can take place on the three alcohol functions of glycerol.
- the objective of the invention is to provide an efficient and less energy-intensive process for the synthesis of a glycerol polymer and a dicarboxylic acid, in particular PGS, compatible with the use of a solvent, which meets all the constraints defined above and which overcomes the problems encountered with the prior processes.
- the objective of the invention is to provide an efficient and industrially more affordable process for the synthesis of a glycerol polymer and a dicarboxylic acid, in particular PGS, having a number-average molecular weight of at least 1000 g/mol with reduced reaction times and mild pressure and temperature conditions in a non-toxic environment, while controlling the structure of the polymer obtained, in particular by maintaining a controlled rate of units (1,2,3-triacylglyceride) and by minimizing the quantity of residual monomers, in particular below 5% by mass.
- the Applicant has developed a process for synthesizing a polymer of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid with accelerated kinetics that overcomes the synthesis difficulties described above and provides an acceptable toxicological environment.
- the Applicant has developed a synthesis process that makes it possible to obtain, with significantly accelerated kinetics, even at atmospheric pressure, a polymer of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid having a number-average molar mass of at least 1000 g/mol, or even reaching values of at least 3000 g/mol, with a low residual monomer content, less than 5% by mass relative to the polymer, while controlling the content of units (1,2,3-triacylglyceride).
- An advantage of this process is that it allows accelerated kinetics at atmospheric pressure. Another advantage of this process is that it takes place in a homogeneous medium and does not require a phase separation step at the end of the reaction. Yet another advantage of this process is that it is compatible with the use of a solvent such as water.
- the subject of the invention is a process for preparing a polymer of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid by polycondensation which comprises
- (b) esterification under an inert atmosphere at a temperature above 25°C which process comprises the use of a catalyst in an amount varying in a range from 0.01% by mass to 3% by mass relative to the mass of monomers, said catalyst being a metal triflate (or trifluoromethyl sulfonate), the metal being chosen from scandium, yttrium, lanthanides, bismuth, gallium, indium, tin, thallium, aluminum, iron, copper, zinc, cadmium, titanium, zirconium, niobium, ruthenium, silver, tungsten, platinum and hafnium.
- a catalyst in an amount varying in a range from 0.01% by mass to 3% by mass relative to the mass of monomers, said catalyst being a metal triflate (or trifluoromethyl sulfonate), the metal being chosen from scandium, yttrium, lanthanides, bismuth, gallium, indium, tin, thall
- (b) esterification under an inert atmosphere at a temperature above 25°C and at atmospheric pressure which process comprises using a catalyst in an amount in a range from 0.01% by mass to 3% by mass relative to the mass of monomers, said catalyst being a metal triflate (or trifluoromethyl sulfonate), the metal being chosen from scandium, yttrium, lanthanides, bismuth, gallium, indium, tin, thallium, aluminum, iron, copper, zinc, cadmium, titanium, zirconium, niobium, ruthenium, silver, tungsten, platinum and hafnium.2.
- the dicarboxylic acid is aliphatic and comprises 3 to 36 carbon atoms.
- dicarboxylic acid has the formula [HOOC-(CH2)n-COOH], in which n is a number ranging from 1 to 30, preferably a number ranging from 1 to 10.
- dicarboxylic acid is chosen from malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid or a mixture of two or more of these dicarboxylic acids.
- step (a) Process according to any one of the preceding embodiments in which the contacting of the monomers of step (a) is carried out in the presence of water or an organic solvent, polar or apolar, preferably in the presence of water.
- catalyst is used in an amount varying in a range from 0.05% to 1% by mass relative to the mass of monomers, preferably from 0.1% to 1% by mass relative to the mass of monomers. 13. A process according to any one of the preceding embodiments in which the catalyst is scandium triflate, bismuth triflate or iron triflate, preferably bismuth triflate or iron triflate.
- esterification step (b) is carried out at atmospheric pressure.
- step (a) at the end of step (a), preferably when a temperature greater than or equal to 25°C is reached.
- Process according to any one of the preceding embodiments which process comprises a step of removing water, preferably by distillation, which follows or is concomitant with the esterification step (b).
- Method according to any one of the preceding embodiments which method comprises, at the end of step (b), a step (c) of placing the medium under vacuum at a pressure of less than 10 mbar at a temperature of more than 25°C.
- step (a) at the end of step (a), preferably when a temperature greater than or equal to 25°C is reached;
- Method according to embodiment 18 or 19 which method comprises a step of removing water, preferably by distillation, which follows or is concomitant with the polycondensation step (d).
- Polyester of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid capable of being obtained by the process defined in any one of the preceding embodiments.
- any interval of values designated by the expression "between a and b" represents the range of values from more than a to less than b (i.e. excluding the limits a and b) while any interval of values designated by the expression “from a to b” means the range of values from a to b (i.e. including the strict limits a and b).
- the interval represented by the expression "between a and b" is also and preferably designated.
- the compounds mentioned in the description may be of fossil or bio-sourced origin. In the latter case, they may be, partially or totally, derived from biomass or obtained from renewable raw materials derived from biomass. Similarly, the compounds mentioned may also come from the recycling of materials already used, i.e. they may be, partially or totally, derived from a recycling process, or obtained from raw materials themselves derived from a recycling process. This concerns in particular monomers.
- the process according to the invention for preparing a polyester of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid by polycondensation comprises the steps:
- (b) esterification under an inert atmosphere at a temperature above 25°C which process comprises using a catalyst in an amount varying in a range from 0.01% by mass to 3% by mass relative to the mass of monomers, said catalyst being a metal triflate (or trifluoromethyl sulfonate), the metal being scandium, yttrium, lanthanides, bismuth, gallium, indium, tin, thallium, aluminum, iron, copper, zinc, cadmium, titanium, zirconium, niobium, ruthenium, silver, tungsten, platinum and hafnium.
- a catalyst in an amount varying in a range from 0.01% by mass to 3% by mass relative to the mass of monomers, said catalyst being a metal triflate (or trifluoromethyl sulfonate), the metal being scandium, yttrium, lanthanides, bismuth, gallium, indium, tin, thallium, aluminum, iron,
- step (a) of the process of the invention the glycerol and dicarboxylic acid monomers are brought into contact.
- the dicarboxylic acid monomer according to the invention may be aliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic/aromatic.
- the diacid comprises an aliphatic part and an aromatic part. It preferably comprises from 3 to 36 carbon atoms.
- Aliphatic means linear, cyclic or branched aliphatic, whether saturated or unsaturated.
- the dicarboxylic acid monomer is aliphatic comprising 3 to 36 carbon atoms.
- the dicarboxylic acid monomer may preferably correspond to the formula [HOOC-(CH2)n-COOH], in which n is a number ranging from 1 to 30, preferably a number ranging from 1 to 10.
- the dicarboxylic acid monomer may be chosen from malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid or a mixture of two or more of these dicarboxylic acids.
- the dicarboxylic acid monomer may be a mixture of at least two different dicarboxylic acids.
- the dicarboxylic acid monomer comprises sebacic acid.
- the dicarboxylic acid monomer is sebacic acid.
- the dicarboxylic acid monomer and glycerol are the only monomers.
- the sebacic acid monomer and glycerol are the only monomers.
- the contacting of the monomers is carried out in a container or reactor.
- the following reactions can take place in the same reactor. Given the heating and pressure conditions, a person skilled in the art will know how to adapt the type of container or reactor necessary for the process.
- the dicarboxylic acid monomer can be used in liquid form or solid form.
- the contacting of the monomers is carried out at a temperature below 100°C.
- the contacting of the monomers is followed by a step of melting the diacid monomer, in order to homogenize the medium.
- the addition of water or an organic solvent to the mixture of monomers allows homogenization of the mixture and thus reduces its overall viscosity. In order to promote this homogenization, stirring is put in place in a known manner.
- the contacting of the monomers of step (a) is carried out in the presence of an organic solvent or water, preferably in the presence of water.
- an organic solvent more preferably polar and aprotic, or water is optionally added to the monomers in a quantity by mass of between 0% by mass and 1000% by mass of the mass of the monomers used, preferably ranging from 5% by mass to 500% by mass of the mass of the monomers used, more preferably ranging from 10% by mass to 50% by mass of the mass of the monomers used.
- the solvent is a polar organic solvent
- it is preferably aprotic, chosen by a person skilled in the art as allowing the monomers and the polymer produced to be solubilized and with a boiling point sufficiently high to carry out the reaction under the required conditions, such as for example tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, acetone, acetonitrile.
- the reaction medium is brought to reflux by heating it.
- the reflux of the medium allows, for example, the melting of the dicarboxylic acid monomer when it is introduced in solid form.
- the reflux of the reaction medium can be carried out by heating the medium to a temperature varying from approximately 50 to 180°C for a sufficient time to obtain the melting and intimate mixing of the monomers.
- care is taken to condense the vapors well in the reactor, for example by configuring the column in total reflux, according to methods well known to those skilled in the art.
- the reflux step is optional.
- a solvent such as water or an organic solvent, in particular a solvent whose boiling point is below 200°C at atmospheric pressure, to pressurize the reaction medium to reach temperatures of up to 200°C, or more in order to shorten the reflux time and/or for the case where the diacid monomer only melts at high temperatures.
- a solvent such as water or an organic solvent, in particular a solvent whose boiling point is below 200°C at atmospheric pressure
- the glycerol and dicarboxylic acid monomers are brought into contact with a glycerol/diacid molar ratio of between 0.5/1 and 10/1, preferably ranging from 0.9/1 to 2.0/1, more preferably from 1.0/1 to 1.5/1.
- the monomers are then in liquid form and homogeneously mixed, allowing the subsequent esterification and polycondensation reactions to take place in a controlled manner.
- the glycerol and dicarboxylic acid monomers react with each other according to step (b) of the process of the invention, under an inert atmosphere at a temperature above 25°C, preferably ranging from 80°C to 200°C, more preferably from 100°C to 180°C, more preferably from 100°C to 160°C, by applying an isotherm or by applying a temperature ramp of between +0.1°C/min to +1°C/min in one go or in several ramps interspersed with periods of maintaining the temperature until the target temperature is reached.
- the esterification reaction time is defined until the conversion to monomers is greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%, more preferably greater than 70%, preferably greater than 80%, more preferably greater than 90%, typically between 1h and 48h depending on the conditions applied, preferably between 2h and 26h, preferably between 2h30 and 24h.
- the conversion is determined by measuring the mass of distillate produced, namely here water produced, or by 13 C NMR by measuring the free glycerol or by SEC by measuring the free sebacic acid or free glycerol.
- the conversion is determined by measuring the mass of distillate produced, in particular water produced.
- a reaction under an inert atmosphere is known to mean a reaction in an inert gas such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, a rare gas or a mixture thereof.
- This esterification step (b) is preferably carried out at atmospheric pressure. Conducting at atmospheric pressure makes it possible in particular to easily and simply evacuate, without any specific elaborate device, the water formed during the esterification of the acid functions.
- step (b) concomitantly with step (b), the water produced as a by-product of the esterification reaction is removed, for example by distillation or any other method known for removing water.
- the removal of the water formed in step (b), for example by distillation can be done following the step of removing the water initially added in step (a).
- part of the water removed is the water added to carry out step (a), while the other part of the water is the by-product of the reaction of the monomers with each other.
- An essential element of the invention consists in the use of a catalyst in an amount varying in a range from 0.01% by mass to 3% by mass, said catalyst being a metal triflate (or trifluoromethyl sulfonate), the metal being chosen from scandium, yttrium, lanthanides, bismuth, gallium, indium, tin, thallium, aluminum, iron, copper, zinc, cadmium, titanium, zirconium, niobium, ruthenium, silver, tungsten, platinum and hafnium.
- the catalyst is scandium triflate, bismuth triflate or iron triflate, preferably bismuth triflate or iron triflate.
- iron III triflate will be preferred.
- the inventors have in fact demonstrated that these catalysts are selective with respect to the primary alcohol functions of glycerol, generating weakly branched chains with a significantly increased molar mass compared to those obtained without using a catalyst.
- the introduction of the catalyst into the process can be carried out at any stage of the process.
- it can be introduced: during stage (a), preferably in an inert medium with monomers, at room temperature at the end of stage (a), preferably when the reaction medium reaches the reaction temperature greater than or equal to 25°C and the medium is homogeneous
- the catalyst may be introduced directly in solid form, in dissolved form or in suspension in a liquid or in liquid form.
- the catalyst is introduced in solid form, it is mixed with the reaction medium and dissolved in a known manner, for example with stirring.
- the catalyst is soluble in the reaction medium at atmospheric pressure, so that step (b) takes place in a homogeneous medium.
- the catalyst according to the invention is introduced in an amount varying in a range from 0.01% by mass to 3% by mass, preferably from 0.05% by mass to 1% by mass, more preferably from 0.1% to 1% by mass relative to the mass of monomers.
- the polyester produced can be recovered in a known manner, stored if necessary, and possibly treated with a view to its subsequent uses.
- step (b) the process can continue with a step (c) by which the reaction medium is then placed under vacuum.
- vacuum means lowering the pressure to a value less than or equal to 100 mbara, preferably less than 50 mbara, more preferably less than 10 mbara. According to one embodiment, the pressure is in a range from 5 mbara to 10 mbara.
- the pressure can be gradually reduced, possibly in stages, to an intermediate pressure between atmospheric pressure and vacuum.
- Any method known to a person skilled in the art can be used to lower the pressure according to a ramp or manually, in particular using a membrane pump, a rotary pump, etc.
- Such an intermediate pressure is less than 1 bara and varies for example from 800 mbara to 50 mbara.
- the introduction of the catalyst can also be done directly at the end of step (b) before reducing the pressure to an intermediate pressure, or during the reduction, for example on reaching a plateau, or just before the evacuation of step (c), or even after the evacuation of step (c).
- the process of the invention may optionally continue with a step (d) of polycondensation at a temperature above 25°C, preferably ranging from 80°C to 250°C, more preferably from 80°C to 200°C, more preferably from 100°C to 180°C, optionally following a ramp of between +0.1°C/min and 1°C/min.
- a step (d) of polycondensation at a temperature above 25°C, preferably ranging from 80°C to 250°C, more preferably from 80°C to 200°C, more preferably from 100°C to 180°C, optionally following a ramp of between +0.1°C/min and 1°C/min.
- Polycondensation can then be carried out concomitantly with step (b), or instantly in the time required to establish the vacuum at the end of step (b), or for a period of up to 10 hours under vacuum during step (d).
- the end of the polycondensation is determined by means of the torque of the stirring motor which reaches a target value guaranteeing a targeted molar mass via a targeted viscosity index and/or by SEC measurement of a sample taken.
- the polycondensation duration is for example from 1h to 8h, or even from 2h to 6h.
- the water produced by the polycondensation reaction is removed for example by distillation or any other method known for removing water.
- the water produced by the esterification and polycondensation reactions is removed for example by distillation or any other method known for removing water.
- the removal of water for example by distillation can be continuous from the step of removing the water initially added for the case where step (a) is carried out in the presence of water. When the removal of water is carried out by distillation, this can occur in conjunction with stirring and/or purging of the contents of the container by reaction under an inert gas.
- the polyester produced can be recovered in a known manner, stored if necessary, and possibly treated with a view to its subsequent uses.
- the polyester of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid obtained can also be cooked so as to form a thermoset polyester.
- the reaction medium of the polycondensation process according to the invention is a homogeneous medium in which the metal triflate catalyst is dissolved.
- Crosslinking subsequent to the synthesis of the polyester of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid can thus advantageously be carried out in the presence of the metal triflate catalyst, which does not need to be separated from the polyester obtained at the end of the polycondensation.
- Crosslinking of the polyester manufactured according to the process of the invention can be carried out by recovering the polyester obtained from the polycondensation, by introducing it into equipment suitable for crosslinking, and by maintaining it at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient time in order to obtain a thermoset product.
- polyester of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid capable of being obtained by the process according to the invention defined above according to any one of its variants, is also the subject of the invention.
- a polyester of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid in particular a poly(glycerol sebacate) or PGS which very advantageously has the following physicochemical characteristics: a residual monomer content of less than 5% by weight of the weight of the polymer, a number-average molar mass Mn greater than or equal to 1000 g/mol, a controlled content of (1,2,3-triacylglyceride) units, preferably less than 20 mol% relative to all the units of the polymer.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a poly(glycerol sebacate) or PGS having the following physicochemical characteristics: a residual monomer content of less than 5% by weight of the weight of the polymer, a number-average molar mass Mn greater than or equal to 2000 g/mol, or even greater than or equal to 3000 g/mol, a controlled content of (1,2,3-triacylglyceride) units, preferably less than 20 mol% relative to all the units of the polymer.
- the physicochemical characteristics of the polyester obtained with the process of the invention suggest interesting homogeneous and reproducible properties, due to the low level of residual monomers, and in particular improved processing properties due to the controlled level of unit (1,2,3-triacylglyceride) and therefore the control of the branching level.
- the branching level is expressed as the molar ratio of the level of unit (1,2,3-triacylglyceride) to the sum of the levels of all the acylglyceride functions of the polymer.
- the residual monomer content is determined according to the method described in the examples.
- the macrostructure (Mn, Mw) of the polyester of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid is determined by SEC according to the method described in the examples.
- the microstructure of the polyester of glycerol and a dicarboxylic acid is determined by C 13 NMR according to the method described in the examples.
- the reactions are carried out in a 100 mL glass reactor stirred by a magnetic bar, topped with a small glass column and a condenser connected to a distillate recovery pot.
- the reactor is connected to a ramp allowing nitrogen flushing or vacuuming of the reactor.
- a quantity of glycerol, a quantity of dicarboxylic acid -here sebacic acid- and optionally a solvent -here water, are introduced at room temperature and under nitrogen flow (0.1 L/min) in step (a).
- the products are used as is, without additional purification, apart from inerting under nitrogen for 15 min before introduction into the reactor.
- the molar ratios between the monomers and the solvent concentration are specified in Table 1.
- step (b) The nitrogen flow is maintained throughout step (b), under atmospheric pressure, with a stirring speed increased to 400 rpm and a heating setpoint set at a target temperature for a defined time specified in Table 1.
- the catalyst is introduced into the reaction medium in a concentration defined at 0.5% w/w at this stage of the reaction. process and expressed relative to the total mass of monomers used.
- the water distilled during this step is recovered in the graduated recovery pot. It is thus possible to measure the quantity of water produced and thus calculate the conversion.
- the reaction is carried out up to 80% conversion before moving on to the next step.
- step (c) a gradual vacuum is optionally applied to the reactor contents in step (c).
- the pressure is slowly reduced over about 15 minutes to a target value of less than 10 mbar. Once the pressure in the reaction vessel has stabilized, the medium is left to react at a target temperature and for a number of hours defined in Table 1 during step (d).
- the PGS product is transferred from the reactor vessel to a container after the plant has been depressurized and allowed to cool to room temperature.
- the product is then transferred to a freezer for storage, where it is frozen for at least approximately 24 hours prior to analysis.
- the microstructure of the polymers is determined by 1 H NMR analysis, supplemented by 13 C NMR analysis when the resolution of the X H NMR spectra does not allow the attribution and quantification of all species.
- the measurements are carried out using a BRUKER 500 MHz NMR spectrometer at frequencies of 500.43 MHz for proton observation and 125.83 MHz for carbon observation.
- the SEC (Size Exclusion Chromatography) technique allows the separation of macromolecules in solution according to their size through columns filled with a porous gel.
- the macromolecules are separated according to their hydrodynamic volume, the largest being eluted first.
- SEC allows us to understand the distribution of molar masses of a polymer. From commercial standard products, the different number-average (Mn) and weight-average (Mw) molar masses can be determined.
- Size exclusion chromatography analyses were performed with a Viscotek apparatus (Malvem Instruments) equipped with 4 columns, a guard column and 3 detectors (differential refractometer and viscometer, and light scattering). 1 mL of a solution of the sample with a concentration of 1 mg mL' 1 in THF was filtered through a 0.45 pm PTFE membrane. 100 pL of this solution were eluted in THF using a flow rate of 1 mL.min' 1 at a temperature of 35 °C. OmniSEC software was used for data acquisition and analysis.
- the number molar masses (A n ) were calculated using a calibration curve from standard polystyrenes (A p : 1,306 to 2,520,000 g mol-1) from Polymer Standard Service (Mainz).
- the technique used is size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with a set of columns optimized for the separation of low mass species.
- the calibration used for Moore's calculation is a PS calibration, covering a range from 2,520,000 to 162 g.mol' 1 .
- the calibration used is a mixed low weight and medium weight PS calibration from PSS Standards.
- the mass range is from 162 to 66,000 g.mol' 1 .
- the calibration allows to determine the values Mn (g.mol' 1 ), Mw (g.mol' 1 ), D (Mw/Mn) in PS equivalent:
- the macrostructure calculation takes into account zones 1 and 2, with residual monomers not being considered as part of the polymer.
- the determination of the sebacic acid and glycerol level is carried out by external calibration.
- a PGS is obtained whose Mn reaches a value lower than 1000 g/mol with a residual monomer content higher than 5% by weight of the weight of the polymer obtained. It takes 24h of synthesis without catalyst and in the presence of water to reach an Mn higher than 1000 g/mol with a residual monomer content lower than 5% by weight of the weight of the polymer obtained, as indicated in example 1. Finally, when too high a catalyst concentration is used (1.5% mol or 6% by weight relative to the monomers, i.e. 60,000 ppm), the reaction medium quickly takes on a yellow/orange color, with the formation of gel, which shows poor control of the reaction (example 4). The gel obtained cannot be analyzed because it is not soluble in the analysis solvents. 5 b. PGS syntheses carried out in the presence of the catalyst (in accordance with the invention):
- Table 2a gives the operating conditions of the synthesis process
- Table 2b gives the results of the measurements carried out on the PGS obtained at the end of these syntheses.
- the catalysts used are bismuth triflate (Bi(OTf)3), scandium triflate (Sc(OTf)3) and iron triflate (Fe(OTf)3) with a catalyst concentration expressed as 0 ppm relative to the total mass of monomers.
- Table 2a bismuth triflate (Bi(OTf)3), scandium triflate (Sc(OTf)3) and iron triflate (Fe(OTf)3) with a catalyst concentration expressed as 0 ppm relative to the total mass of monomers.
- a PGS is obtained whose Mn reaches a value greater than 3000 g/mol with a residual monomer content of less than 5% by weight of the weight of the polymer obtained with a total duration of 3h to 3hl 5 under atmospheric pressure with 0.5%w/w and 0.1%w/w of catalyst (examples 9, 18 and 19) or with an additional step under reduced pressure (example 12): the acceleration of the reaction kinetics in view of that of example 1 is therefore very significant.
- a PGS is obtained whose Mn reaches a value greater than 2600 g/mol with a residual monomer rate less than 5% by weight of the weight of the polymer obtained with a total duration of 2h or 3h under atmospheric pressure with 0.4%w/w and 0.1%w/w of catalyst: the acceleration of the reaction kinetics in view of that of example 1 is therefore very significant.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202480037788.5A CN121311524A (zh) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-06-04 | 一种合成甘油聚酯的方法及由此获得的甘油聚酯 |
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| FR2305666 | 2023-06-06 | ||
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| WO2024251740A1 true WO2024251740A1 (fr) | 2024-12-12 |
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| PCT/EP2024/065347 Pending WO2024251740A1 (fr) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-06-04 | Procédé de synthèse d'un polyester de glycérol et polyester de glycérol obtenu |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1448656A2 (fr) | 2001-10-22 | 2004-08-25 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Polymere biodegradable |
| US20120202966A1 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2012-08-09 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Method for producing polyesters and co-polyesters from lactones |
| WO2015184313A1 (fr) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-12-03 | Secant Medical, Inc. | Préparations de matériaux polymères à médiation par l'eau |
| US20200247945A1 (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2020-08-06 | National Tsing Hua University | Method for preparing biodegradable polyester elastomer |
-
2024
- 2024-06-04 WO PCT/EP2024/065347 patent/WO2024251740A1/fr active Pending
- 2024-06-04 CN CN202480037788.5A patent/CN121311524A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1448656A2 (fr) | 2001-10-22 | 2004-08-25 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Polymere biodegradable |
| US20120202966A1 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2012-08-09 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Method for producing polyesters and co-polyesters from lactones |
| WO2015184313A1 (fr) | 2014-05-30 | 2015-12-03 | Secant Medical, Inc. | Préparations de matériaux polymères à médiation par l'eau |
| US20200247945A1 (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2020-08-06 | National Tsing Hua University | Method for preparing biodegradable polyester elastomer |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| CHEM. SCI, vol. 8, 2017, pages 7106 7111 |
| POLYMER, vol. 55, 2014, pages 5065 - 5072 |
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| CN121311524A (zh) | 2026-01-09 |
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