WO2024252043A1 - Equipo de deslacado y fusión de materiales - Google Patents
Equipo de deslacado y fusión de materiales Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024252043A1 WO2024252043A1 PCT/ES2024/070326 ES2024070326W WO2024252043A1 WO 2024252043 A1 WO2024252043 A1 WO 2024252043A1 ES 2024070326 W ES2024070326 W ES 2024070326W WO 2024252043 A1 WO2024252043 A1 WO 2024252043A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- clean
- gases
- lacquerer
- oven
- equipment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/005—Preliminary treatment of scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0007—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap or any other metal source
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
- B08B7/0064—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes
- B08B7/0071—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes by heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B19/00—Combinations of different kinds of furnaces that are not all covered by any single one of main groups F27B1/00 - F27B17/00
- F27B19/04—Combinations of different kinds of furnaces that are not all covered by any single one of main groups F27B1/00 - F27B17/00 arranged for associated working
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/04—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces of multiple-hearth type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/045—Multiple chambers, e.g. one of which is used for charging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/28—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or the like devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/10—Arrangements for using waste heat
- F27D17/18—Arrangements for using waste heat for preheating solid materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0003—Monitoring the temperature or a characteristic of the charge and using it as a controlling value
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0028—Regulation
- F27D2019/0031—Regulation through control of the flow of the exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0028—Regulation
- F27D2019/0034—Regulation through control of a heating quantity such as fuel, oxidant or intensity of current
Definitions
- the object of the present invention is framed in the sector of equipment for the treatment of materials, more specifically waste materials.
- a material stripping and melting equipment is presented that allows optimizing the performance of said processes and reduces both energy consumption and the carbon footprint.
- a delacquering process is carried out prior to melting the material. This preliminary step prevents the generation of toxic gases during the melting process of the waste material and minimises the appearance of slag in the melted material.
- installations that comprise, on the one hand, a delacquer and a post-combustion chamber and, on the other hand, a furnace or equipment for melting the material that is now free of lacquer (lacquer, paint or coatings).
- the delacquering process cleans the waste material by removing any lacquer, paint or coating with which it has arrived at the facility.
- varnish removal is carried out in a varnish remover, which is a thermal device in which paints, lacquers and coatings are removed from waste material by means of a continuous pyrolytic process.
- a varnish remover which is a thermal device in which paints, lacquers and coatings are removed from waste material by means of a continuous pyrolytic process.
- high-temperature gases are used in the varnish remover, which circulate in the opposite direction to the circulation of the waste material to be varnish removed, i.e. varnish removal is carried out by means of a pyrolysis process.
- These gases thanks to their high temperatures and their counter-current movement direction to the material to be treated, carry the lacquers, paints and/or coatings with them.
- the gases are produced by the combustion of gases (such as lacquers, paints and coatings) and therefore need to be sent to a post-combustion chamber where the toxic components (dioxins and furans) are eliminated before they can be released into the environment.
- gases such as lacquers, paints and coatings
- the gases are subjected to a temperature greater than or equal to 850°C. Once the toxic components have been eliminated, the gases pass through a filtering system and are released into the environment.
- the material to be treated is at approximately 250°C and can be stored or transported to a melting furnace (e.g. a reverberatory furnace) or to the element of the installation in which it is to be melted.
- a melting furnace e.g. a reverberatory furnace
- the most important technical problem associated with these processes is the high energy consumption of the post-combustion chamber to which the gases leaving the de-lacquer are sent to eliminate the toxic components.
- Another technical problem associated with these processes is that the performance is reduced because the material to be treated, despite leaving the de-lacquer at a high temperature, is stored and/or transported to the furnace where the fusion is to be carried out, cooling down considerably so that, when it reaches said furnace, its temperature is no longer as high as when leaving the de-lacquer.
- the invention relates to a device for stripping and melting materials.
- This device allows for improved performance compared to state-of-the-art installations, reduced energy consumption and reduced carbon footprint.
- a method for stripping and melting materials carried out in said device is also proposed.
- the equipment and the method are used with metallic materials and in an even more preferred embodiment with aluminum.
- a single unit contains a delacquer and a melting furnace.
- the equipment combines the delacquer and melting processes and eliminates the need for an intermediate post-combustion chamber.
- the post-combustion chamber is essential to eliminate toxic compounds from the gases leaving the delacquer (those that drag the lacquer, paint or coating of the material with them during the pyrolysis process).
- the elimination of toxic compounds from the gases coming from the delacquer is carried out directly in the chamber. main furnace where the melting of the material takes place. Likewise, the gases that have been freed from toxic particles are returned, totally or partially, to the delacquerer.
- the already clean material (without lacquers, paints or coatings) leaving the de-lacquerer is sent to the oven, so that the material reaches the oven at practically the same temperature as it leaves the de-lacquerer (there is hardly any loss of temperature in the material).
- the melting process is optimized (the material must be heated from a temperature that is already higher at the start) and the energy efficiency of the process is improved.
- the energy used to melt the material in the oven is partially reused to clean the material in the de-lacquerer (thanks to the recirculation of the already cleaned gases from the oven, from which they leave at a high temperature, to the de-lacquerer).
- An advantage associated with the recirculation of gases from the delacker to the melting furnace is that the presence of volatile compounds also acts as extra fuel in the melting furnace, which allows the power supplied to the melting process to be reduced, thus improving the overall energy efficiency of the entire process.
- the equipment comprises a control system configured to measure at least one first parameter in the de-lacquering unit and, based on that measurement, act on at least one second parameter in another element of the equipment.
- both processes de-lacquering and fusion
- the control system allows the parameters of each of the processes to be adjusted in relation to the other, reaching a compromise that provides the greatest energy efficiency.
- control system is also adaptable depending on the percentage of compounds volatile organic compounds present in the waste material to be treated.
- control system allows an adjustment of the control parameters (such as the first parameter and the second parameter) to assume the operation of the equipment with materials to be treated comprising (but not limited to) 10% volatile organic compounds.
- the delacquer comprises a rotating drum in which the delacquering process is carried out by means of pyrolysis.
- the equipment also comprises, between the delacquer and the melting furnace, an intermediate cyclone for collecting dust and ash generated in the delacquering process.
- the delacquer and the cyclone are connected to each other via a first recirculation duct and the cyclone is in turn connected to the melting furnace via a second recirculation duct.
- a flow-controlled recirculation fan is located in said second recirculation duct.
- the melting furnace of the equipment comprises a main furnace chamber which has a main inlet through which large pieces of material (for example aluminium profiles) are introduced into the furnace and has a main gate configured to open/close said main inlet.
- the furnace also comprises a side feed system with a side chamber (connected to a main furnace chamber) through which the material from the de-lacquerer is introduced.
- the furnace preferably comprises a vortex generating mechanism responsible for generating a vortex or whirlpool in the melting broth (the material that is already in the furnace and that is already melted) so that, when the material from the de-lacquerer is introduced into the furnace, the vortex causes said material to quickly submerge in the melting broth, preventing it from oxidising or generating slag.
- the oven comprises a plurality of holes evenly distributed in the main chamber through which the gases from the delacquer are introduced into the main chamber.
- the combustion system of the equipment's melting furnace is capable of generating enough energy to maintain the molten material inside the furnace (temperature for example of an aluminium bath around 750 - 850°C) and to maintain the temperature in the main chamber (temperature of the ceiling of the main furnace chamber around 1000-1100 °C) at the same time.
- the gases from the delacquer are combusted in the main chamber of the furnace to become inert gases (clean gases).
- inert gases clean gases
- Part of these gases, now free of toxic products, are sent back to the delacquer (depending on the requirements of the entire process, i.e. the combination of delacquer and melting) and part is discharged into the atmosphere via a filter system.
- Part or all of the energy supply to the delacquer is therefore obtained from the hot gases extracted from the melting furnace.
- the equipment also includes a gas extraction system through which gases are extracted from the circuit if the pressure is detected to be too high.
- the equipment and process of the present invention produce cleaner material and reduce overall energy consumption by combining the thermal processes of delacquering and melting and by not having an intermediate post-combustion chamber between the delacquerer and the melting furnace.
- the rotation speed of the de-lacquer drum is adjustable depending on the percentage of volatile organic compounds in the material to be treated. This rotation speed determines the residence time of the material to be treated in the de-lacquer and is defined as:
- Tr is the residence time, in minutes, of the material to be treated inside the de-lacquerer; W is the weight in tons of the material to be treated that is introduced into the de-lacquerer; and P is the desired production rate in tons/hour.
- the rotation speed of the decoating drum and therefore the residence time are selected based on the material to be treated (a decoating drum is not designed in the same way if, for example, aluminium profiles or cans are to be treated).
- the parameter defining the residence time is determined by a compromise between the optimum degree of cleanliness and a clean material surface (material leaving the decoating unit) that is not oxidised.
- the optimum degree of cleanliness which defines the optimum residence time, is defined based on the type of material to be treated.
- a first control loop executable by the control system determines the rotation speed of the recirculation fan.
- This first loop controls the flow of recirculation gases sent from the de-lacquerer to the oven.
- the first control loop comprises a step of measuring a first parameter which is the temperature of the clean material at the outlet of the de-lacquerer and acting on a second parameter which is the rotation speed of the recirculation fan.
- This first control loop also includes an exception in which the open/closed position of the main door of the furnace is determined. If the main door is open, the gas recirculation speed must be reduced to prevent oxygen and cold air from entering the equipment. In this case, the first control loop is interrupted and the gas recirculation speed is directly reduced.
- the temperature of the clean material at the outlet of the de-lacquerer is an indicator of how clean said material is.
- the equipment comprises a first thermocouple that measures the temperature of the material to be treated at the inlet to the de-lacquerer and the temperature of the clean material at the outlet of the de-lacquerer.
- a reference value is selected depending on the measurement taken by the thermocouple and the percentage of volatile organic compounds in the material to be treated. The higher the percentage of volatile organic compounds in the material to be treated, the higher said reference value will be, which is preferably between 450-550°C.
- the output of this first control loop is sent to two actuators and an output signal determines the relative position between a first valve and a second valve.
- the first valve is configured to regulate the amount of toxic gases that are recirculated from the delacquer to the oven (and which are at a lower temperature) and the second valve It is set to regulate the amount of clean gases that are recirculated from the oven to the de-lacquerer (and which are at a higher temperature).
- the equipment may comprise a second thermocouple configured to measure the temperature of the toxic gases in the duct connecting the de-lacquerer and the cyclone. This temperature must be sufficient to ensure correct processing of the dust particles of the toxic gases coming from the de-lacquerer.
- the control system compares the temperature obtained by the second thermocouple and takes into account the percentage of volatile organic compounds in the material to be treated to determine a temperature range outside which the processing of the volatile compounds of the toxic gases is not carried out properly. The higher this percentage, the higher the reference temperature value, which is preferably between 350-500°C.
- the equipment comprises a by-pass valve through which more or less hot air is introduced into the cyclone based on the result of the temperature measurement at the cyclone inlet and the corresponding reference value (dependent on the percentage of volatile compounds in the material to be treated).
- a second control loop regulates the amount of oxygen inside the delacquer. This is essential to ensure a safe delacquer process, avoiding possible ignitions, and an adequate level of oxygen in the main chamber of the melting furnace ensures correct combustion of the volatile organic compounds.
- the equipment includes an oxygen measurement sensor in the delacquer that provides a measurement of the percentage of oxygen inside said delacquer.
- the reference value to establish the control is preferably less than or equal to 5% (again, as with other reference values, this is determined based on the percentage of volatile compounds in the material to be treated).
- This second control loop regulates the opening/closing of an oxygen passage valve to the burners of the melting furnace, thus regulating the percentage of oxygen in the combustion ramp in the burners of the melting furnace to introduce more or less oxygen depending on the amount of oxygen detected in the delacquer. If an oxygen value higher than the reference value is detected in the delacquer, the control system acts on the oxygen passage valve to the burners to reduce the oxygen supplied to the oven burners.
- the control system executes a third control loop.
- This third control loop ensures a seal in the de-lacquerer that prevents possible oxygen leaks and unwanted gas emissions from said de-lacquerer.
- the equipment includes a pressure sensor in the de-lacquerer that measures the pressure of the toxic gases at the outlet of the de-lacquerer.
- the preferred reference value is between 0 and -5 mm H2O and more preferably between 0 and -1 mm H2O.
- the equipment includes a gas extraction system to remove gases from the oven (already cleaned) to the outside, thus regulating the pressure in the equipment, and more specifically in the de-lacquerer (by decreasing the volume of gases in the oven, the pressure of the gases in the entire circuit is consequently reduced and therefore in the de-lacquerer).
- the third control loop acts on a valve that passes gases from the oven to the gas extraction system and it is on said parameter that it acts based on the pressure detected in the de-lacquerer.
- a process for de-lacquering and melting materials is also protected, which is carried out in the previously described equipment.
- the waste material is loaded into the de-lacquering unit, preferably with the weight controlled by means of a weighing system in the equipment. This loading is also preferably carried out continuously.
- this material is dried, de-lacquered and preheated. Subsequently, when the material is already clean, it leaves the de-lacquering unit and is sent to the melting furnace, where it preferably enters by passing through the vortex generated by the vortex-generating mechanism.
- the cleaned waste material is continuously melted and heated to the required casting temperature.
- the gases used to carry out the stripping process and which carry with them the remains of lacquer, paint or coating from the waste material are recirculated from the stripper to the melting furnace chamber where they are burned until they become inert.
- the gases before entering the melting furnace chamber, the gases pass through a cyclone to remove small particles and dust from the gases.
- the gases enter the main chamber of the oven, they do so, in a preferred embodiment, through the holes distributed homogeneously such that they are uniformly distributed inside said chamber where they are maintained for a certain residence time and are subjected to a certain temperature sufficient to ensure the destruction of hazardous compounds that had previously been generated in the delacquer.
- these gases When these gases have already been burned and incinerated in the furnace chamber, they may exit mixed with the gases generated during the combustion of the material (gases generated during the melting process of the material). Part of the gases or all of them are sent to the atmosphere through a filter (to prevent contaminating solid particles from reaching the atmosphere). Preferably, part of the gases exiting the melting chamber are redirected to the de-lacquerer to be reused in the de-lacquering process.
- the quantity of gases to be recirculated will depend, in one embodiment of the invention, on the temperature necessary to carry out the de-lacquering process in the de-lacquerer so that the energy necessary for said process can be obtained simply with the gases that are recirculated from the melting furnace.
- the gases leaving the melting furnace and to be sent to the atmosphere through a filter or filtering system must be pre-cooled to prevent the regeneration of dioxins and furans and to be able to be treated in the filter or filtering system.
- This cooling can be carried out with the medium temperature gases released from the recirculation fan and the cold air extracted from the clean material inlet of the side chamber, in a specific combination of gas flows that depends on the resulting temperature of the gases after mixing.
- this comprises at least the following stages: a) introducing material to be treated into the equipment through the material inlet of the delacquerer and circulating said material to be treated in a forward direction through the delacquerer to the clean material outlet; b) introducing clean gases through the clean gas inlet of the delacquerer and circulating said clean gases through the delacquerer in a direction opposite to the advance of the material to be treated to a toxic gas outlet; c) introducing, through the clean material inlet, the clean material leaving the delacquerer into the oven and heating said clean material until it melts and sending the molten material to a molten material outlet; d) recirculating the toxic gases coming from the delacquerer to the oven by means of the recirculation fan; (e) introducing said toxic gases from the de-lacquer into the oven through the toxic gas inlet, heating them in the main chamber of the oven until reaching a predetermined temperature that
- the present invention avoids the expense of having a post-combustion chamber between the delacker and the melting furnace, reduces the total energy consumption of the process, while maintaining excellent thermal efficiency of the waste material (scrap) and, therefore, achieves the highest possible material recovery (metal yield).
- Figure 1 represents a view of the equipment of the invention.
- Figure 2 schematically represents the directions of advance of the material and gases in the equipment.
- FIG. 1 shows the equipment for stripping and fusing materials of the present invention.
- the equipment comprises a stripper (1) which has an inlet for material to be treated (2) through which waste material to be treated (3) with lacquer, paint or some type of coating is introduced and has a material outlet (4) through which clean and preheated material (5) exits.
- the stripper (1) also comprises a clean gas inlet (6) through which clean gases (7) are introduced which circulate through the stripper in the opposite direction to a direction of advance of the waste material to be treated (3), and a toxic gas outlet (8) through which toxic gases (9) exit which drag the lacquer, paint or coating from the waste material to be treated (3).
- the equipment comprises a melting furnace (10) with a side chamber (11) and a main chamber (12) connected to each other and where the side chamber comprises at least one clean material inlet (13) through which the clean material (5) exiting the de-lacquerer is introduced and the main chamber (12) comprises at least one toxic gas inlet (14) connected to the toxic gas outlet of the de-lacquerer (1), a clean gas outlet (15) connected to the clean gas inlet (6) of the de-lacquerer (1) and a molten material outlet (16) through which the clean material that has been introduced by the clean material inlet (13) of the side chamber (11) exits already molten.
- the equipment also includes a gas recirculation fan (19) which is arranged between the de-lacquerer (1) and the oven (10).
- a gas recirculation fan (19) is arranged between the de-lacquerer (1) and the oven (10).
- the recirculation of the gases It is essential and, being a closed circuit, a recirculation fan (19) is sufficient to control said recirculation throughout the entire equipment (as previously seen, all the parameters are related to each other in some way and acting on one of them modifies the conditions in the entire equipment and regulates the delacquering and fusion processes).
- the equipment also comprises a cyclone (17) in which the solid particles of the toxic gases (8) are burned.
- Said cyclone (17) can be connected to the toxic gas outlet (8) of the delacquerer (1) through a first conduit and to the toxic gas inlet (14) of the oven (1) through a second conduit.
- the recirculation fan (19) is arranged downstream of the cyclone (17) in the second conduit.
- the melting furnace (10) of the equipment is a reverberatory furnace.
- Said furnace (10) comprises in its main chamber (12) a main gate intended to allow the introduction into the furnace (10) of large-sized elements, such as aluminium profiles, for example.
- the opening/closing of said main gate entails the modification of the conditions inside the main chamber (12) and it is necessary to control said conditions to ensure correct operation of the equipment. Thanks to said main gate, larger-sized elements can be introduced into the furnace that allow the generation of a melting broth (of molten material (18)) that ensures correct operation of the furnace (10).
- the clean material (5) from the delacquerer (1) is melted, also contributing to the operation of the furnace (10).
- the furnace (10) comprises at least one valve for passing oxygen to some burners of the furnace.
- the equipment also includes a gas extraction system with at least one valve for passing gases to said gas extraction system.
- the equipment comprises a control system.
- Said control system is configured to act on at least a second parameter of an element of the equipment based on the measurement of a first parameter of the delacquer (1) and on a reference value that depends on the type of material to be treated (3).
- the first parameter is preferably selected from the temperature of the clean material (5) at the outlet of the de-lacquerer (1), the amount of oxygen in the de-lacquerer (1), the pressure in the de-lacquerer (1).
- a second parameter of another element of the equipment is modified. Said second parameter is selected from the rotation speed of the recirculation fan (19), the position of an oxygen valve to the oven burner and the position of a gas passage valve to a gas extraction system of the equipment.
- the equipment comprises a first thermocouple configured to measure the temperature of the clean material (5) at the outlet of the de-lacquerer and, based on said measurement and a temperature reference value (which depends on the type of material to be treated (3)) the control system acts on the rotation speed of the recirculation fan (19).
- the equipment also includes a sensor for measuring the amount of oxygen in the delacquer (1) such that the control system, based on said measurement and a reference value of the amount of oxygen (which depends on the type of material to be treated (3)) acts on the valve that passes oxygen to the oven burners (10).
- the equipment includes a pressure measurement sensor in the de-lacquerer (1) such that the control system, based on said measurement and a pressure reference value in the de-lacquerer (1), acts on the gas passage valve to the gas extraction system of the equipment.
- the equipment comprises a cyclone (17) arranged between the toxic gas outlet (8) of the de-lacquerer (1) and the toxic gas inlet (14) of the furnace (10) such that the toxic gases (9) pass through the cyclone (17) remaining free of solid particles.
- the cyclone (17) is connected to the toxic gas outlet (8) of the de-lacquerer through a first recirculation duct and to the toxic gas inlet (14) of the melting furnace through a second recirculation duct.
- the equipment comprises a recirculation fan (19).
- the side chamber (11) of the furnace (10) comprises a vortex generating mechanism configured to generate a vortex in the material melt (18) located in said first side chamber (11).
- the furnace (10) of the equipment is, in a possible embodiment, a reverberatory furnace. Thanks to the generation of the vortex in the side chamber (11), the clean material (5) arriving at the furnace (10) from the delacquerer (1) is immersed more quickly in the melting broth and thus its oxidation and the appearance of slag are avoided, in addition to allowing melting rates of the material of up to, but not limited to, 15 Tn/h.
- the vortex generating mechanism is oriented so that the generated vortex faces the clean material inlet (13) such that the clean material (5) entering the furnace (10) reaches the main chamber (12) passing through the vortex generated in the molten material (18) located in the side chamber (11).
- the equipment additionally comprises a gas filtering system arranged after the additional outlet (20). Furthermore, said additional outlet (20) is connected to the gas extraction system of the equipment.
- the quantity of clean gases (9) leaving the oven through the clean gas outlet (15) to be redirected to the de-lacquerer (1) and the quantity of clean gases (9) leaving the oven (10) directly to the outside without being recirculated depends on the pressure in the de-lacquerer (1).
- the main chamber (12) of the oven (10) has a domed configuration.
- the gases have a lower density than air, they are retained in the dome of the upper part of the main chamber (12).
- This configuration is especially important in the equipment of the invention because it is in said main chamber (12) where the toxic gases (9) from the delacquer are burned until they become inert. Thanks to the domed configuration, the possible escape of gases into the atmosphere before they have been burned is avoided.
- Figure 2 shows the directions of advance of the material and gases in the equipment.
- Another object of the present invention is a method for delacquering and melting materials in equipment as previously described. Said method comprises the following steps: a) introducing material to be treated (3) into the equipment through the material inlet (2) of the delacquerer (1) and circulating said material to be treated (3) in a forward direction through the delacquerer to the clean material outlet (4); b) introducing clean gases (7) through the clean gas inlet (6) of the delacquerer (1) and circulating said clean gases (7) through the delacquerer (1) in a direction opposite to that of advance of the material to be treated (3) to a toxic gas outlet (8); c) introducing into the oven (10), through the clean material inlet (13), the clean material (5) leaving the delacquerer (1) and heating said clean material (5) until it melts and sending the molten material (18) to a molten material outlet (16); (d) recirculating the toxic gases from the de-lacquerer to the oven
- step f) part of the clean gases (7) are extracted from the furnace (10) to the atmosphere through the additional outlet (20).
- the method comprises a step of sending the clean gases (7) exiting through the additional outlet (20) to a filtering system.
- the clean material (5) is made to pass through the vortex generated in the side chamber (11) by the vortex generating mechanism before reaching the main chamber (12).
- the first parameter is selected from the temperature of the clean material (5) at the outlet of the de-lacquerer (1), the quantity of oxygen in the de-lacquerer (1) and the pressure in the de-lacquerer (1); and the second parameter is selected from the rotation speed of the recirculation fan (19), the position of an oxygen passage valve to the oven burner and the position of a gas passage valve to the gas extraction system.
- step g) the control system can execute a first control loop comprising the following steps: i) measuring the temperature of the clean material at the outlet of the de-lacquerer;
- step g) the control system can execute a second control loop comprising the following steps: i) measuring the quantity of oxygen in the delacker;
- control system in step g), can also execute a third control loop comprising the following steps: i) measure the pressure in the delacker;
- i) compare this value with a pressure reference value that depends on the quantity of organic compounds in the material to be treated (3); iii) act on a second parameter, which is the quantity of gases released into the atmosphere, by acting on a valve leading to a gas extraction system.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MX2025014672A MX2025014672A (es) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-05-29 | Equipo de deslacado y fusion de materiales |
| EP24738007.4A EP4726306A1 (en) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-05-29 | Material delacquering and melting equipment |
| KR1020267000317A KR20260022382A (ko) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-05-29 | 재료 탈락커링 및 용융 장비 |
| CN202480037854.9A CN121464312A (zh) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-05-29 | 材料脱漆及熔融设备 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES202330469A ES2992246B2 (es) | 2023-06-06 | 2023-06-06 | Equipo de deslacado y fusion de materiales |
| ESP202330469 | 2023-06-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024252043A1 true WO2024252043A1 (es) | 2024-12-12 |
Family
ID=91781901
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2024/070326 Ceased WO2024252043A1 (es) | 2023-06-06 | 2024-05-29 | Equipo de deslacado y fusión de materiales |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4726306A1 (es) |
| KR (1) | KR20260022382A (es) |
| CN (1) | CN121464312A (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2992246B2 (es) |
| MX (1) | MX2025014672A (es) |
| WO (1) | WO2024252043A1 (es) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1508935A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1978-04-26 | Alumax Inc | Aluminum scrap melting system |
| CA1099507A (en) * | 1977-02-25 | 1981-04-21 | Noel H. Twyman | Method and apparatus for treating metallic scrap in the recovery of metal therefrom |
| GB2493493A (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-02-13 | Melting Solutions Ltd | A reverbatory furnace with a dry hearth for preheating scrap metals and a barrier to prevent waste gases entering the main chamber |
| US10808294B2 (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-10-20 | Baha Elsayed Abulnaga | Triple chamber furnace for scrap segregation and melting |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4715810A (en) * | 1985-06-28 | 1987-12-29 | Aluminum Company Of America | Process and apparatus for removing volatiles from metal |
| US5059116A (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1991-10-22 | Gillespie & Powers, Inc. | Apparatus and process for removing volatile coatings from scrap metal |
| GB2477753B (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2012-04-18 | Rifat Al Chalabi | Metal recovery process |
| US9702022B2 (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2017-07-11 | Industrial Furnace Company | Process and system for de-coating of aluminum scrap contaminated with organic coatings |
-
2023
- 2023-06-06 ES ES202330469A patent/ES2992246B2/es active Active
-
2024
- 2024-05-29 MX MX2025014672A patent/MX2025014672A/es unknown
- 2024-05-29 CN CN202480037854.9A patent/CN121464312A/zh active Pending
- 2024-05-29 KR KR1020267000317A patent/KR20260022382A/ko active Pending
- 2024-05-29 WO PCT/ES2024/070326 patent/WO2024252043A1/es not_active Ceased
- 2024-05-29 EP EP24738007.4A patent/EP4726306A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1508935A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1978-04-26 | Alumax Inc | Aluminum scrap melting system |
| CA1099507A (en) * | 1977-02-25 | 1981-04-21 | Noel H. Twyman | Method and apparatus for treating metallic scrap in the recovery of metal therefrom |
| GB2493493A (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-02-13 | Melting Solutions Ltd | A reverbatory furnace with a dry hearth for preheating scrap metals and a barrier to prevent waste gases entering the main chamber |
| US10808294B2 (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-10-20 | Baha Elsayed Abulnaga | Triple chamber furnace for scrap segregation and melting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN121464312A (zh) | 2026-02-03 |
| EP4726306A1 (en) | 2026-04-15 |
| ES2992246A1 (es) | 2024-12-10 |
| MX2025014672A (es) | 2026-02-03 |
| ES2992246B2 (es) | 2025-05-12 |
| KR20260022382A (ko) | 2026-02-19 |
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