WO2024253496A1 - 전기화학소자용 분리막 및 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자 - Google Patents
전기화학소자용 분리막 및 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024253496A1 WO2024253496A1 PCT/KR2024/095045 KR2024095045W WO2024253496A1 WO 2024253496 A1 WO2024253496 A1 WO 2024253496A1 KR 2024095045 W KR2024095045 W KR 2024095045W WO 2024253496 A1 WO2024253496 A1 WO 2024253496A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/52—Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/42—Acrylic resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/443—Particulate material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/451—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising layers of only organic material and layers containing inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a separator for an electrochemical device and an electrochemical device including the same.
- Electrochemical devices convert chemical energy into electrical energy using electrochemical reactions.
- lithium secondary batteries have been widely used due to their high energy density and voltage, long cycle life, and wide range of applications.
- a lithium secondary battery may include an electrode assembly manufactured with a cathode, an anode, and a separator disposed between the cathode and the anode, and the electrode assembly may be manufactured by being housed in a case together with an electrolyte.
- the cathode may provide lithium ions, and the lithium ions may pass through the separator made of a porous material to move to the anode.
- the anode may use a carbon-based active material having an electrochemical reaction potential close to that of lithium metal and capable of insertion and deintercalation of lithium ions.
- the cathode active material may include lithium and various metal or transition metal elements.
- nickel can improve the capacity of the electrochemical device
- cobalt can improve the capacity and cycle stability of the electrochemical device
- manganese can improve the stability of the electrochemical device
- aluminum can improve the output characteristics of the electrochemical device.
- the present invention aims to provide a separator for an electrochemical device capable of scavenging radicals generated within an electrochemical device or adsorbing transition metal ions eluted from an anode, and an electrochemical device including the separator.
- One aspect of the present invention provides a separator for an electrochemical device, comprising a porous polymer substrate and a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate, wherein the porous coating layer comprises inorganic particles whose surfaces are modified with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of coumarin and derivatives thereof, and a polymer binder.
- the above compound may be bonded to the inorganic particle through the 4-position of the coumarin.
- the above compound can remove radicals generated during the charge and discharge process of the electrochemical device through the 7-position of the coumarin.
- the above compound includes a functional group capable of adsorbing a transition metal ion generated during a charge/discharge process of the electrochemical device, and the functional group may be at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, an aldehyde group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, a carbonyl group, an ether group, an ester group, an amine group, a phenol group, a benzoyl group, a pyridine group, and a phosphine group.
- the above functional group may be located at position 3 of the above coumarin.
- the above separation membrane may contain about 0.01 to 1.5 wt% of the compound based on the total weight of the inorganic particles.
- the above inorganic particles and the above polymer binder may be included in a weight ratio of about 95:5 to 70:30.
- the above porous coating layer is formed on both sides of the porous polymer substrate, and the thickness of the separator can be about 6 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides an electrochemical device including an anode, a cathode, and a separator disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the separator is a separator for another electrochemical device on the one side.
- the above electrochemical device may be a lithium secondary battery.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a separator for an electrochemical device
- a method for manufacturing a separator for an electrochemical device comprising the step of forming a porous coating layer comprising a polymer binder and inorganic particles on at least one surface of a porous polymer substrate, wherein the inorganic particles are surface-modified with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of coumarin and derivatives thereof.
- the step of forming the porous coating layer may include preparing a coating slurry including the polymer binder, the inorganic particles, and a dispersion medium, and applying the coating slurry to at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate.
- the step of forming the porous coating layer may further include subjecting at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate to corona discharge treatment before applying the coating slurry to at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate.
- the step of forming the porous coating layer may include drying the coating slurry applied to at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate to evaporate the dispersion medium.
- the separator for an electrochemical device according to the present invention can prevent performance degradation of an electrochemical device by removing radicals or transition metal ions generated during a charge/discharge process of the electrochemical device.
- the terms “about,” “approximately,” and “substantially” are used to mean a range of or approximation to a numerical value or degree, taking into account inherent manufacturing and material tolerances, and are used to prevent infringers from unfairly utilizing the disclosure, which contains precise or absolute numbers provided to aid in the understanding of the present invention.
- electrochemical device may refer to a primary battery, a secondary battery, a super capacitor, etc.
- radicals may be generated or transition metal ions may be eluted from the cathode active material during the charge and discharge process.
- the radicals may react with the electrolyte or electrode active material used in the electrochemical device to form unwanted byproducts, which may shorten the lifespan of the electrochemical device or reduce the output.
- the transition metal ions eluted from the cathode may move to the cathode and precipitate as impurities containing transition metals on the surface of the cathode, forming an uneven film, which may cause capacity degradation of the electrochemical device.
- a separator is required for use in an electrochemical device providing high capacity, which can prevent deterioration of the electrochemical device by scavenging radicals generated within the electrochemical device or capturing transition metal ions eluted from the anode.
- One specific example of the present invention provides a separator for an electrochemical device, comprising a porous polymer substrate, inorganic particles whose surfaces are modified with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of coumarin and derivatives thereof, and a polymer binder, and a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate.
- the porous polymer substrate may be a porous membrane having a plurality of pores formed therein, which electrically insulates the positive and negative electrodes to prevent short circuits.
- the porous polymer substrate may be an ion-conductive barrier that blocks electrical contact between the positive and negative electrodes while allowing lithium ions to pass through. At least a portion of the pores may form a three-dimensional network that connects the surface and the interior of the porous polymer substrate, and a fluid may pass through the porous polymer substrate through the pores.
- the porous polymer substrate can use a material that is physically and chemically stable with respect to the organic solvent, which is an electrolyte.
- the porous polymer substrate can include, but is not limited to, a resin such as a polyolefin-based resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polycycloolefin, polyethersulfone, polyamide, polyimide, polyimideamide, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene, and a copolymer or mixture thereof.
- a polyolefin-based resin can be used.
- the polyolefin-based resin can be processed into a relatively thin thickness and is easy to apply a coating slurry, so it is suitable for the manufacture of an electrochemical device having a higher energy density.
- the porous polymer substrate may have a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
- the porous polymer substrate may include two or more polymer resin layers having different melting points (Tm), thereby providing a shutdown function in the event of a high-temperature runaway of the battery.
- the porous polymer substrate may include a polypropylene layer having a relatively high melting point and a polyethylene layer having a relatively low melting point.
- the porous polymer substrate may have a three-layer structure in which polypropylene, polyethylene, and polypropylene are laminated in that order. The polyethylene layer melts as the temperature of the battery rises above a predetermined temperature, thereby shutting down the pores, thereby preventing a thermal runaway of the battery.
- the thickness of the porous polymer substrate may be approximately 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the porous polymer substrate may be approximately 10 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m, or 40 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the polymer substrate may be approximately 1 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the polymer substrate may be approximately 5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, or 8 ⁇ m to 13 ⁇ m.
- the above porous polymer substrate may include pores having an average diameter of approximately 0.01 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
- the size of the pores included in the porous polymer substrate may be approximately 0.01 ⁇ m to 0.09 ⁇ m, 0.02 ⁇ m to 0.08 ⁇ m, 0.03 ⁇ m to 0.07 ⁇ m, or 0.04 ⁇ m to 0.06 ⁇ m.
- the size of the pores may be approximately 0.02 ⁇ m to 0.06 ⁇ m.
- the above porous polymer substrate can have a permeability of about 10 s/100cc or more and 100 s/100cc or less.
- the permeability of the porous polymer substrate can be about 10 s/100cc or more and 90 s/100cc or less, 20 s/100cc or more and 80 s/100cc or less, 30 s/100cc or more and 70 s/100cc or less, or 40 s/100cc or more and 60 s/100 cc or less.
- the permeability of the porous polymer substrate can be about 50 s/100cc or more and 70 s/100cc or less.
- the above air permeability means the time (in seconds) it takes for 100cc of air to pass through a porous polymer substrate or membrane of a predetermined area under a constant pressure.
- the above air permeability can be measured using a gas permeability tester (Gurley densometer) according to ASTM D 726-58, ASTM D726-94 or JIS-P8117.
- a gas permeability tester Gibley densometer
- ASTM D 726-58 ASTM D726-94 or JIS-P8117.
- a 4110N device from Gurley
- the time it takes for 100cc of air to pass through a 1 square inch (or 6.54 cm 2 ) sample under a pressure of 0.304 kPa of air or a pressure of 1.215 kN/m 2 of water can be measured.
- using an EG01-55-1MR device from Asahi Seico the time it takes for 100cc of air to pass through a 1 square inch sample under a constant pressure of 4.8
- the above porous polymer substrate can have a porosity of about 10 vol% or more and 60 vol% or less.
- the porosity of the porous polymer substrate can be about 15 vol% or more and 55 vol% or less, 20 vol% or more and 50 vol% or less, 25 vol% or more and 45 vol% or less, or 30 vol% or more and 40 vol% or less.
- the porosity of the porous polymer substrate can be about 30 vol% or more and 50 vol% or less.
- the ionic conductivity of the manufactured separator can be provided in a range suitable for securing the output and cycle characteristics of the electrochemical device.
- the above porosity refers to the volume ratio of pores to the total volume of the porous polymer substrate.
- the above porosity can be measured by a method known in the art. For example, it can be measured by the BET (Brunauer Emmett Teller) measurement method using nitrogen gas adsorption, the capillary flow porometer method, or the water or mercury intrusion method.
- BET Brunauer Emmett Teller
- the porous coating layer is formed on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate, and may include inorganic particles whose surfaces are modified with one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of coumarin and derivatives thereof, and a polymer binder.
- the porous coating layer may be formed by coating one surface of the porous polymer substrate with a coating slurry containing the inorganic particles, the polymer binder, and a dispersion medium.
- the inorganic particles may have their surfaces modified with a compound to be described later.
- the separator may be manufactured by applying the coating slurry to at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate, and then drying to remove the dispersion medium.
- the porous coating layer may include an interstitial volume formed by the inorganic particles being connected by the polymer binder, and may allow lithium ions to pass therethrough, while being adhered to the porous polymer substrate and preventing heat shrinkage of the porous polymer substrate.
- a separator for an electrochemical device may have the porous coating layer formed on both sides of the porous polymer substrate.
- the above coating slurry can include a dispersion medium to dissolve or disperse at least a portion of the polymer binder and disperse the inorganic particles.
- the coating slurry can be used in which the polymer binder and the inorganic particles are uniformly dispersed by controlling the type or content of the dispersion medium.
- the dispersion medium can be one selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, acetone, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dimethylformamide (DMF), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), acetonitrile, and combinations thereof.
- IPA isopropyl alcohol
- DMAc dimethylacetamide
- DMF dimethylformamide
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- acetonitrile acetonitrile
- the above coating slurry may have a viscosity of about 100 cps or more and 1,000 cps or less.
- the viscosity of the coating slurry may be about 200 cps or more and 900 cps or less, 300 cps or more and 800 cps or less, 400 cps or more and 700 cps or less, or 500 cps or more and 600 cps or less.
- the viscosity of the coating slurry may be about 300 cps or more and 800 cps or less.
- the above coating slurry may further contain additives such as a dispersant, a surfactant, an antifoaming agent, a flame retardant, and a wetting agent, thereby improving dispersibility and flame retardancy and improving the uniformity of the porous coating layer formed.
- the dispersant may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of a soluble polyamine, a soluble amine compound, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, sorbitan fatty acid ester, tannic acid, pyrogallic acid, and polyacrylic acid.
- the additive may be included in an amount of about 0 wt% or more and about 5 wt% or less based on the total weight of the coating slurry.
- the content of the additive may be included in an amount of about 0.01 wt% or more and about 4 wt% or less, about 0.1 wt% or more and about 3 wt% or less, or about 1 wt% or more and about 2 wt% or less.
- the content of the additive may be about 3 wt% or more and about 5 wt% or less.
- the dispersion medium included in the above coating slurry may be removed by drying or heating after the formation of the porous coating layer.
- the porous coating layer may include the dispersion medium at 5 ppm or less.
- the porous coating layer may be composed of an acrylic polymer binder, a copolymer binder, and inorganic particles.
- a plurality of pores may be formed on the surface and inside of the porous coating layer.
- the pores may include an interstitial volume formed between the inorganic particles, and may have a structure that forms a three-dimensional network through which a fluid may pass.
- the approximate thickness of the porous coating layer may be 1 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the porous coating layer may be about 2 ⁇ m or more and 14 ⁇ m or less, 3 ⁇ m or more and 13 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or more and 12 ⁇ m or less, 5 ⁇ m or more and 11 ⁇ m or less, 6 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, or 7 ⁇ m or more and 9 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the porous coating layer may be about 1 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the above inorganic particles may be surface-modified with one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of coumarin and derivatives thereof.
- the coumarin may be represented by the following chemical formula 1.
- Chemical formula 1 is a formula in which the position numbers of the coumarin ring are indicated according to the IUPAC (IUPAC numeration), and “n-th position” hereinafter refers to the position number indicated in the following chemical formula 1.
- Coumarin is a benzopyron compound that is found in nature as a type of phytoalexin, a plant metabolic product, and is known to have an antioxidant effect.
- the coumarin or its derivatives can act as scavengers for radicals.
- the present inventors have completed the present invention by confirming that when a compound selected from the group consisting of the above coumarin and its derivatives is applied to a separator of an electrochemical device and the surface of inorganic particles included in a porous coating layer of the separator is modified with the above compound, undesirable performance degradation of the separator can be prevented while radicals generated during charge and discharge of the electrochemical device can be removed.
- the compound when the compound is included in a porous polymer substrate or an electrolyte rather than inorganic particles, it fails to provide a barrier effect against byproducts generated during charge and discharge of the electrochemical device, and thus direct damage to the surface of the separator may occur due to dendrites formed on the surface of the cathode. Such damage to the separator can be evaluated by the air permeability of the separator and can cause a decrease in the cell performance retention rate.
- the compound may be a group consisting of the coumarin or derivatives having a partially changed structure including at least one of positions 1 to 10 of the coumarin.
- the change in the structure may include substitution of a constituent element or bonding of a functional group.
- the compound is capable of modifying the surface of an inorganic particle described below, and is capable of removing radicals generated during the charge and discharge process of an electrochemical device through position 7.
- the compound may be a chemically synthesized one or a commercially available one, but is not limited thereto.
- the modification of the surface of an inorganic particle with the compound may encompass the formation of a chemical bond between the compound and the inorganic particle.
- an inorganic particle whose surface is modified with the compound may be one in which the compound and the inorganic particle form a chemical bond.
- the compound can form a chemical bond with the inorganic particle.
- the position of forming a chemical bond with the inorganic particle in the compound may be one or more positions excluding the 7th position.
- the compound may be bonded to the inorganic particle through the 4th position of the coumarin.
- the compound may be a coumarin derivative having a halogen at the 4th position of the coumarin, and the inorganic particle may be silica. After introducing an amino group to the surface of the silica using 3-aminopropylethoxysilane (APTES), etc., the compound may be anchored at the position of the amino group in the presence of a toluene solvent in a basic environment.
- APTES 3-aminopropylethoxysilane
- the degree of surface modification of the inorganic particles can be controlled by controlling the relative contents of the inorganic particles and the compound introduced into the solvent.
- the compound can be introduced in an amount of about 0.05 to 0.15 wt% based on the total mass of the toluene solvent.
- the separator contains the compound in an amount of about 0.01 to 1.5 wt% based on the total weight of the inorganic particles.
- the separator can contain the compound in an amount of about 0.1 to 1.0 wt%, 0.1 to 0.5 wt%, or 0.1 to 0.3 wt% based on the total weight of the inorganic particles.
- the weight ratio of the inorganic particles and the compound modifying them satisfies the above-described range, radicals or transition metal ions generated during charge and discharge of the electrochemical device can be removed without deterioration of the performance of the electrochemical device.
- the content of the compound with respect to the total weight of the inorganic particles is less than about 0.01 wt%, no significant effect on preventing deterioration of cell performance can be confirmed. Even when the content of the compound is mixed to exceed about 1.5 wt%, modification that can significantly increase the transition metal adsorption capacity of the inorganic particles does not occur.
- the compound can remove radicals generated during the charge/discharge process of the electrochemical device through the 7-position of the coumarin.
- the radicals may be generated by a side reaction between an electrode and an electrolyte during the charge/discharge process of the electrochemical device, generated during the decomposition process of an electrolyte at high temperature, or free radicals generated by impurities inside the electrochemical device, but are not limited thereto.
- the radicals may be superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, alkoxyl radicals, carbonate radicals, or hydroxyl radicals.
- the compound can scavenge radicals generated inside the electrochemical device by providing electrons to the radicals to form radicals more stable than the radicals.
- the compound can scavenge one or more radicals.
- the radicals generated inside the electrochemical device may be hydroxyl radicals, and the compound may be coumarin.
- the above coumarin can scavenge the above radical to form 7-hydroxycoumarin.
- the compound may further include a functional group capable of adsorbing a transition metal ion generated during a charge/discharge process of the electrochemical device.
- the transition metal ion may be one in which a cathode active material is dissolved into an electrolyte during a charge/discharge process of the electrochemical device.
- the transition metal ion may be a nickel ion, a manganese ion, a cobalt ion, a copper ion, an aluminum ion, and for example, a nickel ion, a manganese ion, or a copper ion.
- the compound may remove a transition metal ion contained in the electrolyte through the functional group, thereby preventing the transition metal ion from moving to the electrode and being precipitated as an impurity.
- the functional group may be at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, an aldehyde group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, a carbonyl group, an ether group, an ester group, an amine group, a phenol group, a benzoyl group, a pyridine group, and a phosphine group.
- the compound having the functional group can adsorb the transition metal ion contained in the electrolyte in a manner of coordinating with the transition metal ion or forming a hydrogen bond. At least one compound having the functional group can adsorb at least one transition metal ion.
- the position of the functional group may be one or more positions other than the 4th and 7th positions of the coumarin.
- the functional group may be positioned at the 3rd position of the coumarin.
- the compound may be a coumarin derivative having a benzoyl group at the 3rd position of the coumarin, and the benzoyl group may coordinate to a transition metal ion together with a ketone at the 2nd position of the coumarin.
- the transition metal ion may be adsorbed and removed from the electrolyte in a manner in which two or more of the compounds coordinate to one transition metal ion.
- the above compound can prevent a decrease in the cell performance maintenance rate of the electrochemical device by removing radicals or transition metal ions generated during the charge/discharge process of the electrochemical device, and reduce the amount of gas generated by side reactions due to by-products formed by the radicals or transition metal ions.
- the above inorganic particles may be electrochemically stable.
- the inorganic particles are not particularly limited as long as they do not undergo oxidation and/or reduction reactions within the operating voltage range of the electrochemical device (e.g., 0 to 5 V based on Li/Li + ).
- the inorganic particles can contribute to increasing the degree of dissociation of an electrolyte salt, such as a lithium salt, in a liquid electrolyte, thereby improving the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte.
- the inorganic particles include high-dielectric constant inorganic particles having a dielectric constant of 5 or more, for example, 10 or more.
- Non-limiting examples of inorganic particles having a dielectric constant greater than 5 include BaTiO 3 , Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT), Pb 1-x La x Zr 1-y Ti y O 3 (PLZT, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1), Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT), hafnia (HfO 2 ), SrTiO 3 , SnO 2 , CeO 2 , MgO, NiO, CaO, ZnO, ZrO 2 , SiO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , Al(OH) 3 , SiC, AlOOH, TiO 2 , or mixtures thereof.
- inorganic particles having lithium ion transfer capability i.e., inorganic particles containing lithium elements but having the function of transferring lithium ions without storing lithium
- inorganic particles having lithium ion transport capability include lithium phosphate (Li 3 PO 4 ), lithium titanium phosphate (Li x Ti y (PO 4 ) 3 , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 3 ) , lithium aluminum titanium phosphate (Li x Al y Ti z (PO 4 ) 3 , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 3), (LiAlTiP) x O y series glasses (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 13) , lithium lanthanum titanate (Li x La y TiO 3 , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 3),
- lithium germanium thiophosphate Li x Ge y P z S w , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 5
- lithium nitride such as Li 3 N (Li x N y , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2)
- SiS 2 series glasses such as Li 3 PO 4 -Li 2 S-SiS 2 (Li x Si y S z , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 4)
- P 2 S 5 series glasses such as LiI-Li 2 SP 2 S 5 (Li x P y S z , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 7), or mixtures thereof.
- inorganic particles having flame retardancy can be used which can impart flame retardant properties to the separator or prevent a rapid increase in temperature inside the electrochemical device.
- inorganic particles having flame retardancy include Sb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 4 , Sb2O 5 , SrTiO 3 , SnO 2 , CeO 2 , MgO, Mg(OH) 2 , NiO, CaO, ZnO, Zn 2 SnO 4 , ZnSnO 3 , ZnSn(OH) 6 , ZrO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , AlOOH, Al(OH) 3 , SiC, TiO 2 , H 3 BO 3 , HBO 2 and mixtures thereof.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the above-mentioned inorganic particles may be approximately 50 nm to 5,000 nm.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the above-mentioned inorganic particles may be approximately 100 nm to 4,500 nm, 200 nm to 4,000 nm, 300 nm to 3,000 nm, 400 nm to 2,000 nm, or 500 nm to 1,000 nm.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles is less than approximately 50 nm, as the specific surface area increases, an additional polymer binder is required for bonding between the inorganic particles, which is disadvantageous in terms of electrical resistance.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles exceeds approximately 5,000 nm, the uniformity of the surface of the coating layer decreases and damage to the porous polymer substrate or electrode may occur during lamination.
- the polymer binder can bind the inorganic particles included in the porous coating layer and provide adhesiveness to the porous coating layer.
- the polymer binder can be an acrylic polymer binder, a fluorine polymer binder, or a mixture thereof.
- the acrylic polymer binder may be (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylate, propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butylacrylate, isobutylacrylate, n-amyl acrylate, isoamyl acrylate, n-ethylhexylacrylate, 2-ethylhexylacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, n-amyl methacrylate, isoamyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, n-ethylhexyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, (meth)acrylonitrile.
- the polymer may contain, as a repeating unit, at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of butyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate, n-propyl (meth)acrylate, isopropyl (meth)acrylate, t-butyl (meth)acrylate, pentyl (meth)acrylate, n-oxyl (meth)acrylate, isooctyl (meth)acrylate, isononyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, and tetradecyl (meth)acrylate.
- monomer selected from the group consisting of butyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate, n-propyl (meth)acrylate
- the fluorine-based binder may include at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyhexafluoropropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-trichloroethylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer binder may be about 30,000 or more and 100,000 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer binder may be about 40,000 or more and 90,000 or less, 50,000 or more and 80,000 or less, or 60,000 or more and 70,000 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer binder may be about 50,000 or more and 80,000 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight of the above polymer binder can be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC: gel permeation chromatography, PL GPC220, Agilent Technologies).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the weight average molecular weight can be measured using an Agilent High Temperature RI detector under the conditions of a PL Olexis (Polymer Laboratories) column (column temperature: 160°C), TCB (Trichlorobenzene) as a solvent, a sample concentration of 1.0 mg/mL, a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and an injection amount of 200 ⁇ l (corrected by a third-order function, standard: Polystyrene).
- the above inorganic particles and the polymer binder may be included in a weight ratio of about 95:5 to 70:30.
- the weight ratio of the above inorganic particles and the polymer binder may be about 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, or 75:25.
- a separator including the inorganic particles and the polymer binder in the above-described range can maintain adhesiveness even when impregnated in an electrolyte, and can have a reduced thermal shrinkage rate even at a high temperature at which an electrochemical device operates.
- the above-described separator for the electrochemical device can have a permeability of about 100 s/100cc or more and 150 s/100cc or less.
- the permeability of the separator can be about 110 s/100cc or more and 140 s/100cc or less, or about 120 s/100cc or more and 130 s/100cc or less.
- the permeability of the separator can be about 100 s/100cc or more and 120 s/100cc or less.
- the thickness of the separator for the electrochemical device may be approximately 6 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the porous coating layer may be approximately 7 ⁇ m to 19 ⁇ m, 8 ⁇ m to 18 ⁇ m, 9 ⁇ m to 17 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m to 16 ⁇ m, 11 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, or 12 ⁇ m to 14 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the separator may be approximately 10 ⁇ m to 16 ⁇ m.
- an electrochemical device including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the separator is a separator for the electrochemical device of the specific example described above.
- the electrochemical device can be manufactured by inserting and sealing an electrode assembly including the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode into a case or a pouch. An electrolyte can be injected before sealing the case or pouch to impregnate the electrode assembly with the electrolyte.
- the shape of the case or pouch is not limited.
- the electrochemical device can be a cylindrical, square, coin-shaped, or pouch-shaped lithium secondary battery.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be coated by applying and drying an electrode active material on at least one surface of each current collector.
- the current collector may be a material that is conductive and does not induce a chemical change in the electrochemical device.
- the positive electrode current collector may be, but is not limited to, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, stainless steel; aluminum or stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc.
- the negative electrode current collector may be, but is not limited to, copper, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, stainless steel; copper or stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc.
- the current collector may be in various forms, but is not limited to, a metal plate, a film, a foil, a net, a porous body, a foam, etc.
- the above positive electrode has a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer including a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder resin on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.
- the above negative electrode has a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer including a negative electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder resin on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode includes, as the negative electrode active material, carbon such as lithium metal oxide, non-graphitizable carbon, and graphite carbon; silicon-based materials such as LixFe2O3 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), LixWO2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Si, SiOx (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2), SiC, and Si alloys ; metal composite oxides such as SnxMe1- xMe'yOz (Me: Mn, Fe, Pb, Ge; Me': Al, B, P, Si, elements of group 1, 2, and 3 of the periodic table, halogens; 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1;1 ⁇ y ⁇ 3;1 ⁇ z ⁇ 8); lithium metal; lithium alloy; tin-based alloy; It may include one or a mixture of two or more selected from metal oxides such as SnO
- the conductive material may be one selected from the group consisting of graphite, carbon black, carbon fibers or metal fibers, metal powder, conductive whiskers, conductive metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, activated carbon, and polyphenylene derivatives, or a mixture of two or more conductive materials therefrom.
- the carbon nanotube has a graphite sheet having a cylindrical shape with a nano-sized diameter and has an sp 2 bonding structure, and exhibits the properties of a conductor or a semiconductor depending on the angle and structure at which the graphite sheet is rolled.
- Carbon nanotubes can be classified into single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) depending on the number of bonds forming the wall, and these carbon nanotubes can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose of the dispersion. More specifically, it may be one selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, super-p, acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black, denka black, aluminum powder, nickel powder, zinc oxide, potassium titanate and titanium oxide, or a mixture of two or more conductive materials therefrom.
- SWCNTs single-walled carbon nanotubes
- DWCNTs double-walled carbon nanotubes
- MWCNTs multi-walled carbon nanotubes
- binder resin a binder resin commonly used in electrodes of electrochemical devices can be used.
- binder resins include polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-cotrichloroethylene, polymethylmethacrylate, polyetylexyl acrylate, polybutylacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylacetate, polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate, polyethylene oxide, polyarylate, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate.
- Examples thereof include cellulose acetatepropionate, cyanoethylpullulan, cyanoethylpolyvinylalcohol, cyanoethylcellulose, cyanoethylsucrose, pullulan, and carboxyl methyl cellulose.
- the above electrolyte is a salt having a structure such as A + B - , wherein A + contains an ion formed by an alkali metal cation such as Li + , Na + , K + or a combination thereof, and B - contains an ion formed by an anion such as PF 6 - , BF 4 - , Cl - , Br - , I - , ClO 4 - , AsF 6 - , CH 3 CO 2 - , CF 3 SO 3 - , N(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 - , C(CF 2 SO 2 ) 3 - or a combination thereof, and the salt includes propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, dimethoxyethane, diethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, N-
- the electrochemical device including the electrode assembly may be a lithium secondary battery.
- the battery may be used as a unit cell, and may be used as a battery module including the unit cell, or a battery pack including the battery module.
- the battery pack may be used as a power source for various electric devices.
- the electric devices may include, but are not limited to, small devices such as computers, mobile phones, and power tools, and medium to large devices such as electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) that are powered by an electric motor and move; electric two-wheeled vehicles including electric bicycles (E-bikes) and electric scooters (E-scooters); electric golf carts; and power storage systems.
- Another specific embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a separator for an electrochemical device, comprising the step of forming a porous coating layer comprising a polymer binder and inorganic particles on at least one surface of a porous polymer substrate. Any content overlapping with that described in the separator for an electrochemical device is replaced with the description of the preceding specific embodiment.
- the step of forming the porous coating layer may include preparing a coating slurry including a polymer binder, inorganic particles, and a dispersion medium, applying the coating slurry to at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate, and drying.
- the inorganic particles may have their surface modified with one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of coumarin and derivatives thereof.
- the step of forming the porous coating layer may further include a step of subjecting at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate to corona discharge treatment before applying the coating slurry to at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate.
- the step of subjecting at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate to corona discharge treatment can prevent a decrease in the bonding strength between the surface of the porous polymer substrate and the surface of the coating layer at a high temperature, and can prevent a decrease in the bonding strength between the surface of the polymer substrate and the surface of the coating layer due to an electrolyte.
- the step of forming the porous coating layer may include coating the coating slurry on at least one surface of the porous polymer substrate.
- the coating may be formed by a method such as a bar coater, a wire bar coater, a roll coater, a spray coater, a spin coater, an inkjet coater, a screen coater, a reverse coater, a gravure coater, a knife coater, a slot die coater, a hot melt coater, a comma coater, a direct metering coater, or the like, but is not limited thereto.
- the step of forming the porous coating layer may be simultaneously coating the coating slurry on both surfaces of the porous polymer substrate using a bar coater or a slot die coater.
- the step of forming the porous coating layer may be to apply the coating slurry to a porous polymer substrate and then dry or heat the coating layer to evaporate the dispersion medium included in the coating layer.
- the removal of the dispersion medium may be performed at a temperature that can evaporate only the dispersion medium included in the coating layer without deforming the polymer binder included in the coating layer.
- the removal of the dispersion medium may be performed by heating the coating layer to a predetermined temperature, but ensuring that the temperature of the surface of the coating layer does not exceed 60°C.
- the thermal energy may be first used to heat the dispersion medium to cause a phase change, and may not be used to deform the polymer binder.
- inorganic particles Al2O3 particles size (D50): 500 nm) were added to a mixture of APTES:CTAB:EtOH: H2SO4 in a molar ratio of approximately 1:0.1:9:0.004, reacted at 60° C for 90 minutes, and then the inorganic particles were separated and dried in the air for 24 hours.
- the porous polymer substrate used was a polyethylene film with a size of 20 cm ⁇ 30 cm and a thickness of 9 ⁇ m (MI: 0.2 g/10 min, T m : 135°C, porosity: 45%, average pore size: 45 nm).
- the coating slurry was double-coated on a polyethylene film using a bar coater to form a coating layer with a thickness of 3 ⁇ m for each coating.
- a process of applying a low-temperature airflow to a polyethylene film on which a coating layer was formed and removing the dispersion medium was repeated five times to manufacture a separation membrane with a total thickness of 15 ⁇ m.
- a separation membrane was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a coumarin solution having a coumarin content of 0.15 w/w% with respect to toluene solvent was prepared for surface modification of inorganic particles, and 1.5 g of inorganic particles (0.1 wt% of coumarin content relative to the total weight of inorganic particles) was added.
- a membrane was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that inorganic particles without surface modification were used.
- a polyethylene film was dip-coated in a solution containing the coumarin used in Example 1 dissolved in a toluene solvent at a concentration of 1 wt%, the film was immersed in distilled water to induce phase transition, and then dried in a vacuum oven for 12 hours to produce a separation membrane having a total thickness of 12 ⁇ m without forming a porous coating layer.
- a separation membrane was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a coumarin solution having a coumarin content of about 0.3 w/w% with respect to toluene solvent was prepared when modifying the surface of inorganic particles, and 1 g of inorganic particles (30% of coumarin content relative to the total weight of inorganic particles) was added.
- transition metal adsorption capacity of the inorganic particles or surface-modified inorganic particles manufactured in the examples and comparative examples was confirmed and is shown in Table 1 below.
- Nickel and manganese as transition metals were dissolved in dimethyl carbonate (DMC) at room temperature to saturation amounts (2000 ppm), respectively, to prepare an adsorption evaluation solution.
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- 1 g of each inorganic particle was added to 15 g of the adsorption evaluation solution, stirred for 12 hours with a shaker, and recovered using a centrifuge. Thereafter, the adsorption evaluation solution was subjected to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) using ICP-OES (Thermo Fisher) to confirm the concentration of transition metal ions remaining in the solution, thereby deriving the amount of transition metal ions adsorbed by the inorganic particles.
- ICP-MS inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
- ICP-OES Thermo Fisher
- the inorganic particles of Comparative Example 1 did not exhibit significant adsorption capacity for transition metal ions because they were not surface-modified.
- the degree of surface modification of the inorganic particles increased, the adsorption capacity for transition metal ions increased.
- the content of the coumarin compound with respect to the total weight of the inorganic particles became 0.1 wt%, adsorption treatment of transition metal ions in a saturated electrolyte was confirmed to be possible.
- the permeability was measured using a Gurley densometer (Gurley, 4110N) to measure the time it takes for approximately 100 cc of air to pass through a membrane with a diameter of 28.6 mm and an area of 645 mm2 .
- Lithium manganese composite oxide LiMnO 2
- conductive agent Denka black
- binder PVdF
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- a Li metal plate with a thickness of 200 ⁇ m was used as the cathode, and the cathode and anode were laminated with the separator of the example or comparative example interposed between them, and then inserted into an aluminum pouch.
- a cell was manufactured by injecting 1 g of an electrolyte containing 3 mol of vinylene carbonate (VC), 1.5 mol of propane sultone (PS), 1 mol of ethylene sulfate (ESa), and 1 mol of lithium salt LiPF 6 in a solvent containing ethylene carbonate (EC)/ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) in a weight ratio of 3/7 into the aluminum pouch, and sealing the pouch.
- VC vinylene carbonate
- PS propane sultone
- ESa ethylene sulfate
- LiPF 6 lithium salt LiPF 6
- the manufactured cell was charged and discharged once at 0.1 C in the voltage range of 3.0 V to 4.4 V in a 25°C chamber, and the performance retention rate was confirmed by repeating the 0.33 C charge and 0.33 C discharge 400 times.
- the performance retention rate was calculated as the ratio of the discharge capacity after 400 cycles to the initial discharge capacity.
- the resistance was measured before and after the 400 cycles to confirm the resistance increase rate.
- the cell that had undergone the above 400 cycles was pierced to capture the gas inside the cell, and the amounts of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, and ethane contained in the gas were quantified using a flame ionization detector (FID) and a thermal conductivity detector (TCD).
- FID flame ionization detector
- TCD thermal conductivity detector
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Abstract
Description
| 구분 | 무기물 입자 개질 여부 |
무기물 입자의 개질 정도 (무기물 입자 중량에 대한 쿠마린계 화합물의 중량%) |
전이금속 이온 흡착량 (ppm) |
|
| Ni | Mn | |||
| 비교예 1 | × | 0 | 50 | 5 |
| 실시예 1 | ○ | 0.01 | 900 | 1500 |
| 실시예 2 | ○ | 0.1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| 비교예 3 | ○ | 30 | 2000 | 2000 |
| 구분 | 분리막의 두께 (㎛) |
분리막의 통기도 (s/100cc) |
400 사이클 후 셀 성능 유지율 (%) |
400 사이클 후 저항 증가율 (%) |
가스 발생량(㎕) | |||
| CO | CO2 | CH4 | C2H4 | |||||
| 비교예 1 | 15 | 112 | 76 | 29 | 118 | 137 | 44 | < 5 |
| 비교예 2 | 12 | 86 | 56 | 15 | 154 | 183 | 49 | < 5 |
| 실시예 1 | 15 | 118 | 89 | 11 | 73 | 48 | 21 | < 5 |
| 실시예 2 | 15 | 119 | 88 | 10 | 71 | 50 | 20 | < 5 |
| 비교예 3 | 15 | 126 | 86 | 11 | 70 | 53 | 22 | < 5 |
Claims (10)
- 다공성 고분자 기재; 및상기 다공성 고분자 기재의 적어도 일면에 형성된 다공성 코팅층을 포함하고,상기 다공성 코팅층은 쿠마린 및 이의 유도체로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 화합물로 표면이 개질된 무기물 입자, 및 고분자 바인더를 포함하는 것인 전기화학소자용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 화합물은 상기 쿠마린의 4번 자리를 통해 상기 무기물 입자와 결합되는 것인, 전기화학소자용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 화합물은 상기 쿠마린의 7번 자리를 통해 상기 전기화학소자의 충방전 과정에서 생성되는 라디칼을 제거하는 것인, 전기화학소자용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 화합물은 상기 전기화학소자의 충방전 과정에서 생성되는 전이금속 이온을 흡착할 수 있는 작용기를 포함하며,상기 작용기는,히드록시기, 알데히드기, 카르복시기, 니트로기, 카보닐기, 에테르기, 에스테르기, 아민기, 페놀기, 벤조일기, 피리딘기 및 포스핀기로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 하나 이상인, 전기화학소자용 분리막.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 작용기는 상기 쿠마린의 3번 자리에 위치하는 것인, 전기화학소자용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 분리막은,상기 무기물 입자의 전체 중량을 기준으로 상기 화합물을 0.01 내지 1.5 중량%로 포함하는 것인, 전기화학소자용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 무기물 입자와 상기 고분자 바인더는 95:5 내지 70:30의 중량 비율로 포함되는 것인, 전기화학소자용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 다공성 코팅층은 상기 다공성 고분자 기재의 양면에 형성되는 것이고,상기 분리막의 두께는 6 ㎛ 내지 20 ㎛인, 전기화학소자용 분리막.
- 양극, 음극 및 상기 양극과 상기 음극 사이에 배치되는 분리막을 포함하는 전기화학소자로서,상기 분리막은 제1항에 따른 전기화학소자용 분리막인, 전기화학소자.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 양극은,Li1+xMn2-xO4 (0≤x≤0.33), LiMnO3, LiMn2O3, LiMnO2, LiNi1-xMnxO2 (0.01≤x≤0.3), LiMn2-xMxO2 (M=Co, Ni, Fe, Cr, Zn 또는 Ta이고, 0.01≤x≤0.1), Li2Mn3MO8 (M=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu 또는 Zn), LiNixMn2-xO4 (0<x<0.5) 및 LiMn2O4로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 하나 이상의 양극 활물질을 포함하는 것인, 전기화학소자.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24794323.6A EP4503302A4 (en) | 2023-06-09 | 2024-01-23 | SEPARATOR FOR AN ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE COMPRISING SAME |
| JP2024563824A JP2025522182A (ja) | 2023-06-09 | 2024-01-23 | 電気化学素子用分離膜及びそれを含む電気化学素子 |
| CN202480002106.7A CN119487686A (zh) | 2023-06-09 | 2024-01-23 | 电化学装置用分隔件及包括其的电化学装置 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2023-0074059 | 2023-06-09 | ||
| KR1020230074059A KR102772957B1 (ko) | 2023-06-09 | 2023-06-09 | 전기화학소자용 분리막 및 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2024253496A1 true WO2024253496A1 (ko) | 2024-12-12 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20240413406A1 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP4503302A4 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP2025522182A (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR102772957B1 (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN119487686A (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2024253496A1 (ko) |
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| WO2014183656A1 (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2014-11-20 | Shenzhen Byd Auto R&D Company Limited | Separator and method for preparing the same |
| KR20150073615A (ko) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-07-01 | 뉴로엘리싯 주식회사 | 이차전지용 유무기 다공성분리막의 제조방법 및 이로부터 제조된 유무기 다공성분리막 |
| KR20220041774A (ko) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-04-01 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차 전지용 분리막 및 이의 제조방법 |
| KR20230074059A (ko) | 2021-11-19 | 2023-05-26 | 박상효 | 원격 청력 검사 시스템 및 방법 |
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| JP4385586B2 (ja) * | 2002-01-21 | 2009-12-16 | 株式会社デンソー | 非水電解液二次電池 |
| JP2014160608A (ja) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-09-04 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | リチウムイオン電池 |
| KR101686598B1 (ko) * | 2013-10-29 | 2016-12-14 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 금속 이온을 흡착할 수 있는 분리막 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지, 및 상기 분리막의 제조방법 |
| JP7698070B2 (ja) * | 2021-08-06 | 2025-06-24 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | 非水電解質用添加剤を含む非水電解質、およびそれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
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2023
- 2023-06-09 KR KR1020230074059A patent/KR102772957B1/ko active Active
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2024
- 2024-01-23 JP JP2024563824A patent/JP2025522182A/ja active Pending
- 2024-01-23 EP EP24794323.6A patent/EP4503302A4/en active Pending
- 2024-01-23 WO PCT/KR2024/095045 patent/WO2024253496A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2024-01-23 CN CN202480002106.7A patent/CN119487686A/zh active Pending
- 2024-02-09 US US18/437,918 patent/US20240413406A1/en active Pending
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| WO2014183656A1 (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2014-11-20 | Shenzhen Byd Auto R&D Company Limited | Separator and method for preparing the same |
| KR20150073615A (ko) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-07-01 | 뉴로엘리싯 주식회사 | 이차전지용 유무기 다공성분리막의 제조방법 및 이로부터 제조된 유무기 다공성분리막 |
| KR20220041774A (ko) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-04-01 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 리튬 이차 전지용 분리막 및 이의 제조방법 |
| KR20230074059A (ko) | 2021-11-19 | 2023-05-26 | 박상효 | 원격 청력 검사 시스템 및 방법 |
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| LEE HYUN SEOK, NA YUN JEONG, KIM CHUL HOON, SHIN JAE YOON: "Multifaceted Excited State Dynamics of Coumarin Dyes Anchored on Al2O3 Film", MOLECULES, MDPI AG, CH, vol. 28, no. 1, CH , pages 111, XP093246960, ISSN: 1420-3049, DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010111 * |
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| ZHANG HUI, SHENG LEI, BAI YAOZONG, SONG SHANGJUN, LIU GAOJUN, XUE HAIRONG, WANG TAO, HUANG XIANLI, HE JIANPING: "Amino‐Functionalized Al 2 O 3 Particles Coating Separator with Excellent Lithium‐Ion Transport Properties for High‐Power Density Lithium‐Ion Batteries", ADVANCE ENGINEERING MATERIALS, WILEY VCH VERLAG, WEINHEIM., DE, vol. 22, no. 11, 1 November 2020 (2020-11-01), DE , pages 1901545, XP093009349, ISSN: 1438-1656, DOI: 10.1002/adem.201901545 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4503302A4 (en) | 2025-10-08 |
| KR102772957B1 (ko) | 2025-02-24 |
| JP2025522182A (ja) | 2025-07-11 |
| CN119487686A (zh) | 2025-02-18 |
| KR20240174614A (ko) | 2024-12-17 |
| US20240413406A1 (en) | 2024-12-12 |
| EP4503302A1 (en) | 2025-02-05 |
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