WO2024255513A1 - 通信方法及相关装置 - Google Patents

通信方法及相关装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024255513A1
WO2024255513A1 PCT/CN2024/093401 CN2024093401W WO2024255513A1 WO 2024255513 A1 WO2024255513 A1 WO 2024255513A1 CN 2024093401 W CN2024093401 W CN 2024093401W WO 2024255513 A1 WO2024255513 A1 WO 2024255513A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
information
network
requirement
coverage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/093401
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李永翠
许胜锋
温汉姆史蒂夫•詹姆斯
洛伊克里斯托弗·凯万
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2024255513A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024255513A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • H04W52/0229—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a wanted signal
    • H04W52/0235—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a wanted signal where the received signal is a power saving command
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H04W48/10—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using broadcasted information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and related devices.
  • the terminals located in this area will be in a non-coverage scenario.
  • NTN non-terrestrial communication
  • the terminal When the terminal is in a non-coverage scenario, the terminal can enter an energy-saving state to achieve energy saving of the terminal.
  • the terminal When the terminal is in a coverage scenario, it can access (or access) a communication network (hereinafter referred to as a network) to achieve business communication of the terminal.
  • a communication network hereinafter referred to as a network
  • the terminal when the terminal is in an unreachable state (unavailable) (for example, the terminal is in a shutdown state or a software upgrade state, or the signal quality of the communication network accessed by the terminal is poor, etc.), the terminal cannot obtain relevant information about the coverage of the communication network, such as satellite coverage availability information, etc., resulting in the terminal being unable to determine which coverage scenario it is in, such as a coverage scenario or a non-coverage scenario.
  • the terminal will continue to try to establish a connection with the communication network, resulting in a failure of the communication connection.
  • the energy saving effect is poor.
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method and related devices, which can improve the success rate of communication connection and facilitate energy saving of the terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, which is applied to a first terminal.
  • the first terminal may refer to a terminal that has not successfully acquired coverage available information when in a coverage scenario, or has successfully acquired a portion of the coverage available information, for example, the coverage available information received by the first terminal only includes a partial time period.
  • the second terminal may refer to a terminal that has acquired coverage available information when in a coverage scenario, and may be used to assist the first terminal in acquiring coverage available information.
  • the first terminal may be a remote terminal (remote UE), and the second terminal may be a relay terminal (relay UE).
  • the method includes: receiving first information from a second terminal; according to the first information, entering an energy-saving state, or accessing a network in a first manner.
  • the first information includes coverage availability information, and the coverage availability information is used to indicate the location and time period of a coverage scenario and/or a non-coverage scenario, and the first manner is a direct communication method or an indirect communication method.
  • the first terminal can determine whether the first terminal is in a coverage scenario or a non-coverage scenario according to the first information, and enter an energy-saving state or access the network in a direct communication method or an indirect communication method in different scenarios, which can improve the success rate of communication connection and facilitate energy saving of the terminal.
  • the method provided in the first aspect can be executed by the first terminal, or can be executed by a device in the first terminal (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit, or means, etc.), without limitation.
  • a device in the first terminal for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit, or means, etc.
  • the coverage availability information is satellite coverage availability information.
  • the first information also includes information of the second terminal, and the information of the second terminal includes at least one of the following: air interface delay, battery status, and network access method, where the network access method is accessing the network through a ground network device or accessing the network through a non-ground network device.
  • the first information also includes orbit information of non-ground network equipment.
  • the method when the first mode is an indirect communication mode, the method further includes: determining, based on the first information, that the second terminal is a target terminal of the first terminal; and accessing the network using the first mode includes: accessing the network through the target terminal. It can be understood that determining, based on the first information, whether the current second terminal is a target terminal that can access the network using an indirect communication mode can improve the success rate of the communication connection. After the connection is successful, there is no need to continue to try to connect, which can achieve energy saving.
  • the step of determining the second terminal as the target terminal of the first terminal according to the first information includes: determining the second terminal as the target terminal of the first terminal according to the first information and the network connection requirement of the first terminal. This can be understood as selecting the second terminal that meets the network connection requirement of the first terminal as the target terminal, thereby improving the success rate of accessing the network through the target terminal. Rate.
  • the network connection requirement includes at least one of the following: a time requirement for network connection, a location requirement for network connection, a battery status requirement for network connection, and a track information requirement for network connection; wherein the time requirement for network connection includes a time connection requirement and/or an air interface delay requirement, the time connection requirement is used to indicate the network connection time required by the first terminal, and the location requirement is used to indicate the network connection location required by the first terminal.
  • the method further includes: receiving second information from the second terminal, the second information including a first indication and/or a network access method of the second terminal, the first indication being used to indicate that the second terminal has the first information. It is understandable that when the second terminal has the first information, the second terminal can send the first information to the first terminal so that the first terminal obtains the first information.
  • the first terminal can refer to the network access method of the second terminal to determine how to process the received first information, for example, whether to ignore the first information (or whether to execute the steps of entering an energy-saving state or accessing the network in the first manner according to the first information), accessing the network in a direct or indirect communication manner, etc.
  • the method before receiving the first information from the second terminal, the method also includes: sending the network connection requirements and/or third information of the first terminal to the second terminal, and the third information is used to trigger the second terminal to send the first information to the first terminal.
  • the second terminal can know the network connection requirement of the first terminal and determine whether to send the first information to the first terminal according to the network connection requirement. For example, when the second terminal determines that the first information meets the network connection requirement of the first terminal, it sends the first information to the first terminal. After the first terminal sends the second indication to the second terminal, the first terminal can trigger the second terminal to send the first information to the first terminal.
  • the third information includes a second indication
  • the second indication is used to instruct the second terminal to send the first information to the first terminal.
  • the second terminal sends the first information to the first terminal based on the second indication, which can improve the effectiveness of data transmission.
  • an embodiment of the present application discloses another communication method, which is applied to a second terminal.
  • the method includes: obtaining first information, the first information includes coverage available information, and the coverage available information is used to indicate the location and time period of the coverage scene and/or the non-coverage scene; sending the first information to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal can determine whether the first terminal is in a coverage scene or a non-coverage scene based on the first information, and enter an energy-saving state or use a direct communication method to access the network or an indirect communication method to access the network in different scenes, which can improve the success rate of the communication connection and facilitate energy saving of the terminal.
  • the method provided in the second aspect can be executed by the second terminal, or can be executed by a device in the second terminal (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit, or means, etc.), without limitation.
  • a device in the second terminal for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit, or means, etc.
  • the sending the first information to the first terminal includes: when the second terminal is in a coverage scenario, sending the first information to the first terminal. It can be understood that when the first terminal receives the first information from the second terminal, if the second terminal is in a coverage scenario, the first terminal can establish an indirect connection with the network through the second terminal, which can further improve the success rate of the first terminal in establishing a communication connection.
  • the coverage availability information is satellite coverage availability information.
  • the first information also includes information of the second terminal, and the information of the second terminal includes at least one of the following: air interface delay, battery status, and network access method, where the network access method is accessing the network through a ground network device or accessing the network through a non-ground network device.
  • the first information also includes orbit information of the non-ground network device.
  • the method further includes: sending second information to the first terminal, the second information including the first indication and/or the network access method of the second terminal, the first indication being used to indicate that the second terminal has the first information.
  • the first terminal can determine whether to request the second terminal to obtain the first information based on the second information, and the first terminal can also determine how to process the received first information with reference to the network access method of the second terminal.
  • the method before sending the first information to the first terminal, further includes: receiving third information from the first terminal and/or a network connection requirement of the first terminal, wherein the third information is used to trigger the second terminal to send the first information to the first terminal.
  • the second terminal can send the first information to the first terminal based on the third information, so that the first terminal obtains the first information.
  • the third information includes a second indication
  • the second indication is used to instruct the second terminal to send the first information to the first terminal.
  • the second terminal sends the first information to the first terminal based on the second indication, which can improve the effectiveness of data transmission.
  • the network connection requirement includes at least one of the following: time requirement for network connection, location of network connection Requirements, battery status requirements for network connection, and track information requirements for network connection; wherein the time requirement for network connection includes time connection requirement and/or air interface delay requirement, the time connection requirement is used to indicate the network connection time required by the first terminal, and the location requirement is used to indicate the network connection location required by the first terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application discloses a communication device, which includes a unit or module or means for executing each step of any implementation method in the first to second aspects above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides another communication device, which may include a processor, and the processor is used to enable the communication device to execute any of the above aspects or methods in feasible examples by executing instructions in a memory, or through a logic circuit.
  • the communication device also includes one or more of a memory or a transceiver, where the transceiver is used to send and receive data and/or signaling.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, the communication system comprising a first terminal and a second terminal.
  • the method is used to execute any one of the first to second aspects or feasible examples.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon. When the instructions are executed by a processor, the method in any one of the first to second aspects or feasible examples described above is executed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which is used to store a computer program.
  • the computer program runs on a computer, the computer executes the method in any aspect of the first to second aspects or in a feasible example.
  • the present application provides a chip, including a processor, for calling and executing instructions stored in a memory from the memory, so that a communication device equipped with the chip executes any one of the above-mentioned first to second aspects or feasible example methods.
  • the chip further includes a memory.
  • the input interface, the output interface, the processor, and the memory are connected via an internal connection path, and the processor is used to execute the code in the memory.
  • the processor is used to execute the method in any one of the first aspect to the second aspect or the feasible example.
  • the present application provides a chip system comprising at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and at least one processor being interconnected through lines, and the at least one processor being used to run computer programs or instructions to execute the method in any aspect of the first to second aspects or in a feasible example.
  • FIGS. 1B to 1D are schematic diagrams of the architecture of an NTN system
  • FIG2A is a schematic diagram of a discovery method of mode A based on ProSe technology
  • FIG2B is a schematic diagram of a discovery method of mode B based on ProSe technology
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a coverage scenario and a non-coverage scenario
  • FIG4 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • NR new radio
  • LTE advanced LTE advanced
  • LTE-A advanced long term evolution
  • D2D device-to-device
  • V2X vehicle to everything
  • M2M machine to machine
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • NB-IoT narrowband Internet of Things
  • IAB access Integrated access and backhaul
  • PLMN public land mobile networks
  • NPN non-public networks
  • IAB access Integrated access and backhaul
  • D2D refers to the technology of direct communication between two terminal devices through a wireless link.
  • Typical D2D devices include Bluetooth, WiFi Direct, etc.
  • the core functions of D2D include: discovery and communication.
  • the devices used in D2D technology are generally half-duplex devices, that is, the terminal device can only be in the state of receiving or sending information at the same time, and does not have the ability to send and receive at the same time.
  • the link for direct communication between terminal devices is the sidelink (SL), which corresponds to the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) for communication between terminal devices and network devices in the current communication system.
  • SL sidelink
  • UL uplink
  • DL downlink
  • the communication system may include at least two terminal devices (such as the first terminal device and the second terminal device in FIG. 1A) and a network device (such as the access network device in FIG. 1A), etc.
  • the terminal device can be connected to the network device wirelessly or by wire, so that the terminal device can perform UL communication or DL communication with the network device, such as the first terminal device performing UL communication or DL communication with the access network device.
  • Terminal devices can be connected to each other wirelessly or by wire, so that SL communication can be performed between terminal devices, such as SL communication can be performed between the first terminal device and the second terminal device.
  • Terminal devices and network devices, network devices and network devices, and terminal devices and terminal devices may communicate through licensed spectrum, or may communicate through unlicensed spectrum, or may communicate through both licensed spectrum and unlicensed spectrum. This application does not limit the spectrum resources used by terminal devices and network devices.
  • the terminal devices involved in this application may be referred to as terminals hereinafter.
  • the first terminal device may be referred to as the first terminal
  • the second terminal device may be referred to as the second terminal
  • a terminal is an entity on the user side for receiving or transmitting signals, and can provide voice and/or data to the user.
  • a terminal may also be referred to as a terminal, user equipment (UE), access terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile device, mobile station, mobile station, mobile terminal, mobile client, mobile unit, remote station, remote terminal, remote unit, wireless unit, wireless communication equipment, user agent or user device, etc.
  • UE user equipment
  • the access terminal can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal in the future 5G or a terminal in the future evolved PLMN, or a terminal in the future NPN, etc.
  • the chip used in the above-mentioned device can also be called a terminal.
  • an access network (AN) device or a radio access network (RAN) device may be referred to as an access network.
  • An access network is a node or device that connects a terminal to a wireless network, that is, an access network provides access services to a terminal so that the terminal can access (or visit) the network.
  • An access network may support both wired access and wireless access.
  • AN/RAN nodes may include, but are not limited to, access points (AP), enhanced nodeB (eNB), home base stations (e.g., home evolved NodeB, or home NodeB, HNB), baseband units (BBU), next generation base stations (NR nodeB, gNB), transmission reception points (TRP), transmission points (TP), or some other access nodes, such as wireless relay nodes, wireless backhaul nodes, etc.
  • AP access points
  • eNB enhanced nodeB
  • home base stations e.g., home evolved NodeB, or home NodeB, HNB
  • BBU baseband units
  • NR nodeB next generation base stations
  • TRP transmission reception points
  • TP transmission points
  • some other access nodes such as wireless relay nodes, wireless backhaul nodes, etc.
  • AN/RAN nodes may be one or more antenna panels, or network nodes constituting gNB or transmission points, such as BBU or distributed units (DU), etc., or devices that undertake RAN functions in communication systems such as D2D, V2X, M2M, and U2U, etc.
  • the AN/RAN node may be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or may be an open access network (open RAN, O-RAN or ORAN), or may be an access network in a communication system evolved after the 5G communication system, for example, an xNodeB in a 6G communication system, or may be an access network in a PLMN network evolved after the 5G communication system, and is not limited here.
  • CRAN cloud radio access network
  • O-RAN open access network
  • PLMN PLMN network evolved after the 5G communication system
  • the access network deployed in the air can be referred to as a non-terrestrial network device, and the access network deployed on the ground can be referred to as a terrestrial network device.
  • the terrestrial network device is a stationary or slow-moving access network.
  • the non-terrestrial network device can be a high-speed mobile access network compared with the terrestrial network device.
  • Non-terrestrial network devices may include satellites, high-altitude platforms (HAPs), drones, hot air balloons, low-orbit satellites, medium-orbit satellites, high-orbit satellites, etc., without limitation.
  • the satellites mentioned in this application may represent a collection of satellites and other network devices related to satellite communications. Therefore, in this application, the two descriptions of "satellite” and “satellite network device” are equivalent.
  • the access network can include the following three deployment modes:
  • non-ground network equipment can serve as RAN functions (access service functions).
  • RAN functions access service functions.
  • Ground network equipment that is not deployed to serve as RAN functions can communicate with the core network through ground stations in the ground network equipment (such as NTN gateways), which is used to solve coverage problems in remote areas such as mountainous areas and oceans.
  • NTN gateways ground stations in the ground network equipment
  • non-ground network equipment and ground stations in ground network equipment can be used as radio frequency units, and access networks (such as base stations) in ground network equipment other than ground stations can serve as RAN functions.
  • the access network does not deploy non-ground network equipment, nor does it deploy ground stations in the ground network equipment for forwarding signaling and data of non-ground network equipment and other network equipment.
  • the RAN function is performed by the access network (such as base stations) of the ground network equipment except the ground stations.
  • access networks and terminals included in the network architecture shown in FIG1A are merely examples, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • more or fewer terminals communicating with the access network may be included.
  • more or fewer access networks communicating with the terminal may be included.
  • an access network and a terminal are shown, the application scenario may not be limited to including an access network and a terminal.
  • it may also include devices for carrying virtualized network functions, etc. These are obvious to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.
  • the communication system may further include network devices not shown in FIG. 1A , such as core network (CN) devices and data network (data network) devices, etc.
  • CN core network
  • data network data network
  • the core network devices and data network devices are usually deployed on land or water.
  • core network equipment may correspond to different equipment.
  • core network may correspond to GPRS service support node (SGSN) and/or GPRS gateway support node (GGSN);
  • MME mobility management entity
  • S-GW serving gateway
  • PCF policy control function
  • UDM unified data management
  • AF application function
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • SMF session management function network element
  • UPF user plane function
  • the data network device may be referred to as the data network hereinafter.
  • the data network is used to provide business services to users.
  • the client is a terminal and the server is a data network.
  • the data network provided by the data network may include a private network, such as a local area network.
  • the data network may also include an external network that is not managed by an operator, such as the Internet.
  • the data network may also include a proprietary network jointly deployed by operators, such as a network that provides IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) services.
  • IMS IP multimedia subsystem
  • Figures 1B to 1D are schematic diagrams of the architecture of an NTN system.
  • the communication system is a 5G communication system
  • the satellite is a non-terrestrial network device
  • the ground station and/or base station are ground network devices.
  • the access network can be a next generation wireless access network (next generation-RAN, NG-RAN)
  • the core network can be a 5G core network (5G core network, 5G CN).
  • This architecture can be understood as an NTN-based NG-RAN architecture.
  • the interface of the wireless link between the terminal and the access network can be called an air interface, such as the NR Uu interface.
  • the NG interface is the interface between the access network and the core network, and is mainly used for signaling such as the non-access stratum (NAS) of the core network, as well as user service data.
  • the Xn interface is the interface between the access network and the access network, and is mainly used for signaling interaction such as switching.
  • the N6 interface can be the interface between the core network and the data network.
  • interfaces are exemplified by 5G communication systems. Different communication systems may have different names. For example, in a 4G communication system, the interface between access networks may be an X2 interface, and the interface between access networks and core networks may be an S1 interface. Of course, in future communications, the names of these interfaces may remain unchanged, or may be replaced by other names, and this application is not limited to this.
  • the NTN system may include at least one terminal and at least one network device.
  • the network device may include an access network, a core network, and a data network.
  • the access network includes a remote radio unit (RRU) and a base station, and the RRU includes a satellite and a ground station.
  • RRU remote radio unit
  • the access network can be understood as the second deployment method mentioned above.
  • the access network includes a satellite and a ground station, which can be understood as the first deployment method mentioned above.
  • the terminal and the network device can refer to the above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the satellite shown in FIG1C may be referred to as a regenerative satellite without an inter-satellite link (ISL), and the satellite shown in FIG1D may be referred to as a regenerative satellite with an inter-satellite link.
  • the satellite serves as a RAN.
  • the service link between the terminal and the satellite is connected via the NR Uu interface, and the feeder link between the ground station and the satellite is connected via the satellite radio interface (SRI).
  • SRI satellite radio interface
  • FIG1D includes two satellites, and the ISL between the satellites is connected via the Xn interface.
  • ProSe also known as proximity service or D2D.
  • ProSe is a concept introduced by the 3GPP standard to improve cellular capacity and services, and introduces the ProSe function network element to specifically handle the related actions and processes required by ProSe. Direct communication is achieved between two or more adjacent ProSe-enabled terminals without traversing network nodes.
  • ProSe connection can be applied to expand new "lifestyles", such as social networking applications, local data applications, etc.; it can realize the direct transmission of dense data in a small range, release network resources, reduce the task pressure of the access network, and save a lot of air interface resources, reduce interference, and increase network capacity; it can achieve the purposes of emergency communication and public safety (such as scenarios where cellular networks cannot work normally, allowing terminals to communicate offline), especially when two terminals or one of the terminals is not within the network coverage.
  • new connection methods can be applied to expand new "lifestyles", such as social networking applications, local data applications, etc.; it can realize the direct transmission of dense data in a small range, release network resources, reduce the task pressure of the access network, and save a lot of air interface resources, reduce interference, and increase network capacity; it can achieve the purposes of emergency communication and public safety (such as scenarios where cellular networks cannot work normally, allowing terminals to communicate offline), especially when two terminals or one of the terminals is not within the network coverage.
  • Model A is a one-way discovery protocol message that discovers surrounding or adjacent terminals by publishing announcements.
  • the terminals in model A are divided into announcing UE and monitoring UE.
  • the announcing terminal can also be called a relay UE.
  • Model B is a two-way discovery protocol that discovers terminals through request and response.
  • the terminals in model B are divided into discoverer UE and discoveree UE.
  • the discovery process of mode A based on ProSe technology can refer to FIG2A .
  • the relay terminal can send an announcement message to multiple listening terminals (such as the first listening terminal, the second listening terminal, the third listening terminal, etc.), and the listening terminals interested in this can interpret and process the received announcement message.
  • the announcement message may include the type of discovery message, and the ProSe application code or the ProSe restricted code.
  • the ProSe application code is related to the ProSe application identifier (ProSe Application ID), which consists of a PLMN identifier (PLMN ID) and a ProSe application identifier name (ProSe App ID Name).
  • the relay terminal obtains the ProSe application code from the ProSe functional network element of the home public land mobile network (home PLMN, HPLMN) and sends it to other terminals through an announcement message.
  • the monitoring terminal obtains the ProSe application code from the HPLMN ProSe functional network element and monitors the announcement message sent from the announcement terminal according to the ProSe application code.
  • the ProSe restriction code is allocated by the HPLMN ProSe functional network element for direct discovery of restricted mode scenarios.
  • the discovery process of mode B based on ProSe technology can refer to Figure 2B.
  • the discoverer terminal sends a request message (such as a solicitation message) to other discoverer terminals (such as the first discoverer terminal, the second discoverer terminal, the third discoverer terminal, etc.).
  • the discoverer terminal (such as the first discoverer terminal and the second discoverer terminal, etc.) matches the request message and sends a reply message (response message) to the discoverer terminal.
  • the request message may include the type of discovery message and the ProSe query code (ProSe Query Code).
  • the ProSe query code is allocated by the ProSe functional network element and can be a ProSe application code or a ProSe restriction code.
  • Extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) technology extends the discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle.
  • the terminal monitors the paging channel according to the eDRX cycle within the paging time window (PTW) to receive downlink data.
  • the terminal is in sleep mode during the rest of the time and does not receive downlink data, which increases the sleep time of the terminal and further reduces power consumption.
  • the terminal is in a coverage scenario, which means that the terminal is in a scenario with network coverage, and specifically, it may mean that the location and time period of the terminal are covered by the network.
  • the terminal is in a non-coverage scenario, which means that the terminal is in a scenario without network coverage, specifically, it may mean that there is no network coverage at the location and time period where the terminal is located.
  • network coverage may refer to terrestrial network coverage or non-terrestrial network coverage without limitation.
  • a non-terrestrial network is covered, and a non-terrestrial network device that makes the terminal in a coverage scenario is used as an example of a satellite.
  • a non-terrestrial network device that makes the terminal in a coverage scenario is used as an example of a satellite.
  • a coverage scenario and a non-coverage scenario provided in FIG3.
  • the first terminal and the second terminal are within the coverage of the satellite, that is, the first terminal and the second terminal are in a coverage scenario, and a connection can be established with the satellite.
  • the terminal When the terminal is in a non-coverage scenario, the terminal can be triggered to enter an energy-saving state. For example, setting a non-standalone network (Non-Standalone, The terminal can save energy by adjusting the timing duration of the periodic registration timer (e.g., the timing duration of the periodic registration timer), eDRX parameters (e.g., eDRX cycle, PTW, etc.).
  • the terminal when the terminal is in an unreachable state, the terminal cannot obtain relevant information about the network coverage, resulting in the terminal being unable to determine which coverage scenario it is in, such as a coverage scenario or a non-coverage scenario. In this case, the terminal continuously attempts to establish a connection with the communication network, resulting in a failure in the communication connection. In addition, since the terminal continuously attempts to establish a connection with the communication network, the energy saving effect is poor.
  • the present application proposes a communication method that can obtain relevant information about network coverage through other terminals, and then enter an energy-saving state or access the network using a direct communication method or an indirect communication method based on the information, which can improve the success rate of communication connections and facilitate terminal energy saving.
  • the communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application is described in detail below, and the communication device involved in the communication method may include a first terminal, a second terminal, and an access network.
  • the system architecture corresponding to the first terminal, the second terminal, and the access network can be described with reference to Figure 1A, which will not be repeated here.
  • the functions performed by the terminal in the present application may be performed by a device in the terminal (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit, or a means, etc.).
  • the functions performed by the access network in the present application may be performed by a device in the access network (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit, or a means, etc.).
  • the following examples are given with terminals and access networks.
  • FIG 4 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method includes the following steps.
  • S400 The second terminal obtains first information.
  • the first information may include coverage availability information, which is used to indicate the location and time period of the coverage scene and/or the non-coverage scene.
  • the coverage available information can indicate the network coverage of a certain location and a certain time period, that is, whether a certain location and a certain time period have network coverage.
  • This application does not limit the content form of the coverage available information.
  • the coverage available information is expressed with location as the granularity.
  • the coverage available information includes a certain location, and whether there is network coverage for each time period of the location; for another example, the coverage available information is expressed with time period as the granularity.
  • the coverage available information includes a certain time period and whether there is network coverage for each location of the time period.
  • the time period may be the current time or a time period to which the current time belongs, or a specified time period.
  • the location may be the current location of the second terminal or a preset range of the current location, or a specified location.
  • the location can be a location point or a location range.
  • the location can be a physical location described by longitude and latitude or a street, or can be a location identifier, for example, a symbol represented by longitude and latitude or a street, or an identifier of a cell or a tracking area.
  • the time period can be one or a period of time.
  • the time period can be a specific value, or a corresponding symbol, for example, 001 represents the time period from 1:00 to 2:00, 002 represents the time period from 2:00 to 3:00, etc.
  • Whether there is network coverage can be described by the value of the bit, for example, 1 means there is network coverage, 0 means there is no network coverage; or 0 means there is no network coverage, 1 means there is network coverage.
  • the coverage availability information is represented by a 6-bit value.
  • the first 3 bits represent the time period
  • the middle 2 bits represent the location
  • the last bit represents whether there is network coverage.
  • the coverage availability information includes 001011, and when 001 represents the time period from 1:00 to 2:00, 01 represents the first area, 1 represents network coverage, and 0 represents no network coverage, 001011 can represent that the first area has network coverage during the time period from 1:00 to 2:00.
  • the present application does not limit the method for the second terminal to obtain the coverage availability information.
  • a network connection can be established.
  • the second terminal can obtain the coverage availability information through the system message broadcast by the access network (such as the system information block (SIB)), or can obtain the coverage availability information from the network side (such as the data network) through the user plane, or can obtain the coverage availability information from the core network (such as the control plane network element AMF/MME, etc.) through the control plane.
  • SIB system information block
  • the network side such as the data network
  • the core network such as the control plane network element AMF/MME, etc.
  • the terminal can determine information that the terminal is in a coverage scenario or a non-coverage scenario based on the coverage available information, such as location and/or time period. For example, the terminal can determine the period (UE out-of-coverage period) when the terminal is in a non-coverage scenario based on the coverage available information.
  • the access network corresponding to the coverage available information refers to the access network that provides the coverage available information.
  • the access network can be a non-terrestrial network device or a terrestrial network device.
  • the network can be provided to the terminal by the non-terrestrial network device or the terrestrial network device, and the coverage available information of the network can be used by the terminal to determine whether it is in a coverage scenario or a non-coverage scenario of the network.
  • the coverage available information is used to indicate that the first area has network coverage during the period from 1:00 to 2:00, and the first area has no network coverage during the period from 2:00 to 3:00, and the second area has no network coverage during the period from 1:00 to 2:00, and the second area has network coverage during the period from 2:00 to 3:00. If the position of the first terminal is fixed, and the fixed position belongs to the first area, the first terminal is in a coverage scenario during the period from 1:00 to 2:00, and is in a non-coverage scenario during the period from 2:00 to 3:00.
  • the second terminal If the position of the second terminal is not fixed, it is located in the first area during the period from 1:00 to 2:20, and is located in the second area during the period from 2:20 to 3:00, then the second terminal is in a coverage scenario during the period from 1:00 to 2:00 and the period from 2:20 to 3:00, and is in a non-coverage scenario during 2:00 to 2:20.
  • the first information may also include information of the second terminal, and the information of the second terminal may include at least one of the following: air interface delay, battery status, and network access mode.
  • the air interface delay of the second terminal may be the delay of air interface communication between the second terminal and the access network device.
  • the first terminal may access the network in a direct communication manner or in an indirect communication manner according to the air interface delay of the second terminal.
  • the first terminal establishes a direct or indirect connection with the network according to the air interface delay of the second terminal.
  • the first terminal accesses the network through the second terminal in an indirect communication manner.
  • a preset air interface delay threshold such as the air interface delay threshold required in the air interface delay requirement of the first terminal
  • the air interface delay requirement of the first terminal is used to indicate the air interface delay of the network connection required by the first terminal, such as the air interface delay of the network connection required by the first terminal is less than a preset air interface delay threshold (such as 10 milliseconds (ms)). It can be understood that when the air interface delay of the second terminal is small (such as less than the air interface delay threshold), the first terminal can access the network through the second terminal using an indirect communication method.
  • a preset air interface delay threshold such as 10 milliseconds (ms)
  • the air interface delay of the first terminal is the air interface delay of the second terminal.
  • the air interface delay of the second terminal is relatively small (such as less than the air interface delay threshold)
  • the air interface delay of the first terminal is also relatively small. If the first terminal is in a coverage scenario or not in a non-coverage scenario, the first terminal can access the network by direct communication.
  • the air interface delay of the second terminal is relatively small, if it is necessary to access the network by indirect communication or it is not possible to access the network by direct communication, the first terminal can access the network by indirect communication through the second terminal.
  • the air interface delay of the second terminal When the air interface delay of the second terminal is relatively large (such as greater than or equal to the air interface delay threshold), it means that the communication time for the first terminal to establish a direct communication connection and to establish an indirect communication connection through the second terminal is relatively long. If it is necessary to access the network, other terminals that meet the air interface delay threshold can be used to access the network by indirect communication.
  • the air interface delay of the second terminal is replaced by the delay required for communication between the second terminal and a network device (such as AMF/MME in a control plane network element, or a user plane network element UPF, or a public data network gateway (public data network gateway, PDN GW), or a data network, etc.).
  • a network device such as AMF/MME in a control plane network element, or a user plane network element UPF, or a public data network gateway (public data network gateway, PDN GW), or a data network, etc.).
  • the battery state of the second terminal may be a state of charge or remaining of battery.
  • the first terminal may access the network in a direct communication manner or in an indirect communication manner according to the battery state of the second terminal. In other words, the first terminal establishes a direct or indirect connection with the network according to the battery state of the second terminal.
  • the first terminal accesses the network by direct communication or accesses the network by indirect communication through the second terminal; or, when the battery status of the second terminal does not meet the preset battery status, the network is accessed by direct communication or accesses the network by indirect communication through other terminals that meet the preset battery status (such as the fourth terminal).
  • the preset battery status such as the charge status or remaining power required in the battery status requirement of the first terminal
  • the battery status requirement is used to indicate the battery status of the network connection required by the first terminal, such as the remaining power required in the battery status requirement of the first terminal is greater than a preset remaining power threshold (such as >40%).
  • a preset remaining power threshold such as >40%.
  • the battery status of the second terminal is suitable for the first terminal to access the network through the second terminal (such as the remaining power of the second terminal >40%), that is, the battery status of the second terminal can provide a relay connection for the remote terminal, then the first terminal can access the network through the second terminal using an indirect communication method.
  • it can also be determined based on other information to access the network using a direct communication method. For example, the second terminal does not provide a relay service. In this way, failure of indirect connection to the network through the second terminal can be avoided.
  • the first terminal uses the direct communication method to access the network. If the network cannot be accessed by direct communication or needs to be accessed by indirect communication, the first terminal can access the network by indirect communication through other terminals (such as a third terminal that meets the battery status requirements).
  • the network access method of the second terminal may include the second terminal accessing the network through a terrestrial network device or accessing the network through a non-terrestrial network device. If the second terminal accesses the network through a terrestrial network device, the second terminal may be referred to as a relay terminal of the terrestrial network, such as a TN relay UE. If the second terminal accesses the network through a non-terrestrial network device, the second terminal may be referred to as a relay terminal of the non-terrestrial network, such as an NTN relay UE.
  • the network access method of the second terminal may be reflected by a relay service code.
  • the first terminal can access the network in a direct communication manner or in an indirect communication manner according to the network access manner of the second terminal.
  • the first terminal establishes a direct or indirect connection with the network according to the network access manner of the second terminal.
  • the first terminal when the second terminal accesses the network through a ground network device, that is, when the access network corresponding to the coverage available information is a ground network device, the first terminal can access the network through the second terminal, that is, the first terminal establishes an indirect connection with the ground network device through the second terminal.
  • the second terminal accesses the network through a non-ground network device, that is, when the access network corresponding to the coverage available information is a non-ground network device
  • the first terminal can access the network through the non-ground network device, that is, the first terminal establishes an indirect connection with the non-ground network device through the second terminal, or establishes a direct connection with the non-ground network device.
  • the first information may also include orbital information of the non-terrestrial network device, wherein the orbital information of the non-terrestrial network device may include at least one of the orbital height, orbital period, orbital inclination, etc. of the non-terrestrial network device.
  • the coverage availability information is satellite coverage availability information.
  • Orbital information of non-ground network equipment The information is satellite orbit information.
  • the terminal determines the air interface delay of the second terminal according to the orbit information.
  • the first terminal determines the air interface delay of the second terminal using the orbit height and light speed in the orbit information. In this way, the air interface delay of the second terminal can be determined without acquiring the air interface delay of the second terminal from the second terminal.
  • S401 The second terminal sends first information to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the first information from the second terminal.
  • the aforementioned D2D technology or ProSe technology can be used for SL communication between the first terminal and the second terminal, such as the second terminal sending the first information to the first terminal.
  • the second terminal can adopt the method of mode A as described above to actively send the first information as an announcement message (or discovery message) to the first terminal, so that the first terminal receives the first information from the second terminal.
  • the second terminal can adopt the method of mode B as described above to send the first information to the first terminal after receiving the request message from the first terminal.
  • the communication method described in Figure 5 below please refer to the communication method described in Figure 5 below.
  • the first information is included in a signaling message (such as a discovery message) and sent by the second terminal, or is sent by the second terminal to the first terminal in the form of a user plane message.
  • a signaling message such as a discovery message
  • step S401 is performed.
  • the first terminal when the first terminal receives the first information from the second terminal, if the second terminal is in a coverage scenario, the first terminal can establish an indirect connection with the network through the second terminal, which can further improve the success rate of the first terminal in establishing a communication connection.
  • the first terminal enters a power-saving state or accesses a network in a first manner according to the first information.
  • the first mode is a direct communication mode or an indirect communication mode. That is, the first terminal can establish a direct connection with the access network that provides coverage available information to achieve UL communication or DL communication.
  • the first terminal may establish an indirect connection with the access network that provides coverage available information through the second terminal, that is, the first terminal establishes SL communication with the second terminal, and then the connection between the first terminal and the access network is achieved through the direct or indirect communication network established between the second terminal and the access network that provides coverage available information.
  • Step S402 is described below in combination with different embodiments of different first information.
  • the first information includes coverage available information.
  • step S402 includes: the first terminal can enter a power-saving state or access the network in a first manner according to the coverage available information. For example, when the first terminal is in a coverage scenario or is not in a non-coverage scenario, the first terminal accesses the network in a direct or indirect communication manner; or, when the first terminal is in a non-coverage scenario or is not in a coverage scenario, the first terminal enters a power-saving state.
  • the first terminal can determine whether the first terminal is in a coverage scenario or a non-coverage scenario based on the coverage available information.
  • the first terminal can access the network by direct or indirect communication.
  • the first terminal establishes a direct connection with the access network corresponding to the coverage available information, that is, the first terminal accesses the network by direct communication; for another example, the first terminal establishes an indirect connection with the access network corresponding to the coverage available information through the second terminal, that is, the first terminal accesses the network by indirect communication.
  • the first terminal When the first terminal is in a non-coverage scenario or is not in a coverage scenario, it means that it is difficult for the first terminal to access the network by direct communication or indirect communication, that is, it is impossible to establish a communication connection. Then the first terminal can enter an energy-saving state, thereby avoiding the first terminal from constantly trying to establish a network connection when a network connection cannot be established, and energy saving can be achieved.
  • step S402 includes: if the first terminal determines that the first terminal is in a coverage scenario or not in a non-coverage scenario according to the coverage available information, the first terminal determines the first mode according to other first information; or, if the first terminal determines that the first terminal is in a non-coverage scenario or not in a coverage scenario according to the coverage available information, the first terminal enters an energy-saving state.
  • the method for determining the first mode can refer to the description of the network access mode adopted by the above-mentioned first information (such as the air interface delay, battery status, network access mode, etc. of the second terminal), which will not be repeated here.
  • the first information includes coverage available information and the air interface delay of the second terminal.
  • step S402 includes: the first terminal can access the network or enter the energy-saving state in a first manner according to the coverage available information and/or the air interface delay of the second terminal. For example, when the first terminal is in a coverage scenario or is not in a non-coverage scenario, and the air interface delay of the second terminal meets the preset air interface delay threshold, the network is accessed through the second terminal using an indirect communication method; or, when the first terminal is in a non-coverage scenario or is not in a coverage scenario, the first terminal enters an energy-saving state.
  • the first terminal when it is determined based on the coverage available information that the first terminal is in a coverage scenario or not in a non-coverage scenario, and the air interface delay of the second terminal meets the air interface delay threshold, it means that the first terminal can access the network through the second terminal, and the first terminal can access the network using indirect communication.
  • the air interface delay of the first terminal is the air interface delay of the second terminal.
  • the first terminal can access the network in direct communication. If the air interface delay of the second terminal does not meet the preset air interface delay threshold, the communication time for the first terminal to access the network by direct communication or by indirect communication through the second terminal is longer, and the network can be accessed by indirect communication through other terminals that meet the air interface delay threshold.
  • the first information includes coverage available information and the battery status of the second terminal.
  • the first terminal can access the network or enter the energy-saving state in the first way according to the coverage available information and/or the battery status of the second terminal.
  • the first terminal uses direct or indirect communication to access the network; or, when the first terminal is in a coverage scenario or not in a non-coverage scenario, and the battery status of the second terminal does not meet the preset battery status requirements, the first terminal uses direct communication to access the network or uses other terminals that meet the battery status requirements to implement indirect communication to access the network; or, when the first terminal is in a non-coverage scenario or not in a coverage scenario, the first terminal enters an energy-saving state.
  • the first terminal when the first terminal is in a coverage scenario or not in a non-coverage scenario, and the battery status of the second terminal meets the battery status requirement, the first terminal can access the network through the second terminal, that is, access the network using an indirect communication method. In addition, it can also be determined based on other information to access the network using a direct communication method. For example, the second terminal does not provide a relay service. When the first terminal is in a coverage scenario or not in a non-coverage scenario, and the battery status of the second terminal does not meet the battery status requirement, it means that the battery status of the second terminal does not meet the requirements of indirect access.
  • the first terminal can access the network using a direct communication method or the first terminal can use other terminals that can meet the battery status requirements to implement indirect communication methods, such as selecting a third terminal that meets the battery status requirements as the target terminal, so that the network can be accessed through the target terminal.
  • the description in step S400 may be referred to for the first terminal to access the network using a direct communication method or an indirect communication method according to the network access method of the second terminal.
  • the description of entering the energy-saving state or accessing the network in the first manner according to the air interface delay of the second terminal can be referred to.
  • the air interface delay of the second terminal can be determined according to the orbit information of the non-ground network device, and the determination method can be referred to the above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the above three examples are only one feasible way.
  • the above three examples can be used in combination.
  • the other information may be whether the first terminal supports direct communication mode or indirect communication mode.
  • step S402 can be executed.
  • the first terminal uses direct communication mode to access the network when it is in a coverage scenario.
  • the first terminal uses indirect communication mode to access the network when it is in a coverage scenario.
  • the second terminal sends the first information to the first terminal. Then, the first terminal can determine whether it is in a coverage scenario or a non-coverage scenario according to the first information, and enter an energy-saving state in different scenarios, or use a direct communication method or an indirect communication method to access the network, which can improve the success rate of the communication connection and facilitate terminal energy saving.
  • step S401 a step not shown in FIG. 4 may also be included: the second terminal sends second information to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the second information from the second terminal.
  • the second information includes the first indication and/or the network access mode of the second terminal, that is, whether the second terminal accesses the network through a terrestrial network device or a non-terrestrial network device.
  • the first indication is used to indicate that the second terminal has the first information.
  • step S401 can be performed so that the first terminal receives the first information from the second terminal.
  • the first terminal can refer to the network access method of the second terminal to determine the processing method of the first information received in step S401. For example, when the first terminal needs to access the network through a ground network device and the second terminal device accesses the network through a non-ground network device, or when the first terminal needs to access the network through a non-ground network device and the first terminal device accesses the network through a ground network device, the first terminal can ignore the first information when receiving the first information in step S401.
  • the first terminal when the first terminal needs to access the network through a ground network device and the second terminal device accesses the network through a ground network device, or when the first terminal needs to access the network through a non-ground network device and the second terminal device accesses the network through a non-ground network device, the first terminal can continue to perform step S402 after receiving the first information in step S401.
  • the first indication and the network access method of the second terminal may be sent to the first terminal separately.
  • the first indication and the network access method of the second terminal may be carried in the second information and sent to the first terminal via a signaling message or a user plane message. If the first information includes the network access method of the second terminal, the network access method of the second terminal may no longer be sent, or the first indication may be sent separately.
  • the first terminal may refer to the network access method of the second terminal to determine whether to request the first information from the second terminal.
  • Figure 5 is an interactive schematic diagram of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first information is triggered after the second terminal receives the message from the first terminal.
  • the communication method includes the following.
  • S500 The second terminal obtains first information.
  • step S500 can refer to the description of step S400, which will not be repeated here.
  • a first terminal sends a network connection requirement of the first terminal and/or third information to a second terminal.
  • the second terminal receives the third information from the first terminal and/or the network connection requirement of the first terminal.
  • the third information is used to trigger the second terminal to send the first information to the first terminal.
  • S502 The first terminal receives first information from the second terminal.
  • the second terminal sends the first information to the first terminal.
  • the network connection requirement may include at least one of the following: a time requirement for the network connection, a location requirement for the network connection, a battery status requirement for the network connection, and a track information requirement for the network connection.
  • the time requirement for network connection may include time connection requirement and/or air interface delay requirement.
  • the time connection requirement is used to indicate the network connection time required by the first terminal, such as the time connection requirement of the first terminal is that there is a network connection requirement (or communication requirement) during the time period from 9:00 to 10:00.
  • the time connection requirement may include a default location requirement, such as the aforementioned certain location.
  • the location requirement for network connection is used to indicate the network connection location required by the first terminal, such as the location requirement of the first terminal is to require connection to the network at the current location or a specified location.
  • the location requirement may include a default time connection requirement, such as the aforementioned certain time period.
  • the air interface delay requirement and battery status requirement can refer to the aforementioned, and the orbital information requirement is used to indicate the orbital information or air interface delay of the network connection required by the first terminal.
  • the network connection requirement of the first terminal and the third information may be sent to the second terminal separately, or the network connection requirement of the first terminal and the third information may be carried in a message and sent to the second terminal via a signaling message or a user plane message.
  • the third information includes a second indication, and the second indication is used to indicate that the second terminal sends the first information to the first terminal.
  • the second indication can be replaced by a request message, which is used to request the second terminal to send the first information to the first terminal.
  • the request message can be specific information in the existing protocol, such as the request message in mode B.
  • the request message may be a new message, which is not limited here. It can be understood that after the first terminal sends the second indication to the second terminal, the second terminal can be triggered to execute step S502, so that the first terminal receives the first information from the second terminal.
  • the method may further include a step not shown in FIG. 5: the second terminal sends a first indication to the first terminal; step S501 may include: the first terminal sends third information to the second terminal according to the first indication.
  • the third information can be sent to the second terminal so that the second terminal sends the first information to the first terminal, which can improve the effectiveness of data transmission.
  • S503 The first terminal enters a power-saving state or accesses a network in a first manner according to the first information.
  • step S503 can refer to the description of step S402, which will not be repeated here.
  • the second terminal sends the first information to the first terminal, so that the first terminal can obtain the first information.
  • the first information includes coverage availability information for indicating the location and time period of the coverage scenario and/or the non-coverage scenario.
  • the first terminal can determine whether it is in a coverage scenario or a non-coverage scenario based on the first information, and enter an energy-saving state or use a direct communication method or an indirect communication method to access the network in different scenarios, which can improve the success rate of the communication connection and facilitate energy saving of the terminal.
  • the method shown in Figures 4 and 5 may further include: determining that the second terminal is a target terminal of the first terminal according to the first information; accessing the network using the first mode includes: accessing the network through the target terminal.
  • the target terminal refers to the second terminal used when accessing the network by indirect communication.
  • the present application does not limit the method for determining the target terminal. It can be determined whether the second terminal is in the coverage scenario based on the first information. If so, the second terminal can be determined as the target terminal. Alternatively, the target terminal that can establish an indirect connection with the network can be determined based on the first information.
  • determining the second terminal as a target terminal of the first terminal according to the first information includes: determining the second terminal as a target terminal of the first terminal according to the first information and a network connection requirement of the first terminal.
  • the network connection requirements can refer to the above, and the determination of whether to adopt the indirect communication method according to various types of information in the first information can also refer to the above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first information meets the corresponding information in the network connection requirements (such as the air interface delay meets the air interface delay requirements, the battery status meets the battery status requirements, etc.)
  • the second terminal is the target terminal of the first terminal.
  • the second terminal is determined as the target terminal of the first terminal according to the first information and the network connection requirement of the first terminal, which can be understood as selecting the second terminal that meets the network connection requirement of the first terminal as the target terminal, thereby improving the success rate of accessing the network through the target terminal. In this way, after the connection is successful, there is no need to continue to try to connect, which can achieve energy saving.
  • this example is applicable to a scenario with a single second terminal, that is, the second terminal is a target terminal.
  • This example is also applicable to a scenario with multiple second terminals, for selecting at least one of the multiple second terminals as a target terminal.
  • the communication device may include a transceiver unit 601 and a processing unit 602.
  • the transceiver unit 601 may be a device with a signal input (receiving) or output (sending), which is used to transmit signals with other devices or other devices in the device.
  • the processing unit 602 may be a device with a processing function, which may include one or more processors for executing instructions (or codes or programs), for example, processing communication protocols and communication data.
  • the communication device may be a terminal, for example, a first terminal or a second terminal. The functions performed by the terminal in the embodiment of the present application may be performed by a device in the terminal.
  • the communication device is a first terminal
  • the transceiver unit 601 is used to receive first information from a second terminal, where the first information includes coverage availability information, and the coverage availability information is used to indicate the location and time period of a coverage scenario and/or a non-coverage scenario;
  • the processing unit 602 is used to enter an energy-saving state or access a network in a first manner according to the first information, where the first manner is a direct communication manner or an indirect communication manner.
  • the coverage availability information is satellite coverage availability information.
  • the first information also includes information of the second terminal, and the information of the second terminal includes at least one of the following: air interface delay, battery status, and network access method, where the network access method is accessing the network through a ground network device or accessing the network through a non-ground network device.
  • the first information also includes orbit information of non-ground network equipment.
  • the processing unit 602 when the first mode is an indirect communication mode, the processing unit 602 is also used to determine that the second terminal is a target terminal of the first terminal based on the first information; the processing unit 602 is specifically used to access the network through the target terminal.
  • the processing unit 602 is specifically configured to determine that the second terminal is a target terminal of the first terminal according to the first information and a network connection requirement of the first terminal.
  • the network connection requirement includes at least one of the following: a time requirement for network connection, a location requirement for network connection, a battery status requirement for network connection, and a track information requirement for network connection.
  • the time requirement for network connection includes a time connection requirement and/or an air interface delay requirement.
  • the time connection requirement is used to indicate the network connection time required by the first terminal
  • the location requirement is used to indicate the network connection location required by the first terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 601 is also used to receive second information from the second terminal, the second information includes a first indication and/or a network access method of the second terminal, and the first indication is used to indicate that the second terminal has the first information.
  • the transceiver unit 601 is also used to send third information and/or the network connection requirement of the first terminal to the second terminal, and the third information is used to trigger the second terminal to send the first information to the first terminal.
  • the third information includes a second indication
  • the second indication is used to instruct the second terminal to send the first information to the first terminal.
  • the communication device is a second terminal
  • the transceiver unit 601 is used to obtain first information, where the first information includes coverage available information, and the coverage available information is used to indicate the location and time period of the coverage scenario and/or non-coverage scenario; and send the first information to the first terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 601 is specifically used to send the first information to the first terminal when the second terminal is in a coverage scenario.
  • the coverage availability information is satellite coverage availability information.
  • the first information also includes information of the second terminal, and the information of the second terminal includes at least one of the following: air interface delay, battery status, and network access method, where the network access method is accessing the network through a ground network device or accessing the network through a non-ground network device.
  • the first information also includes orbit information of non-ground network equipment.
  • the transceiver unit 601 is also used to send second information to the first terminal, the second information including a first indication and/or a network access method of the second terminal, and the first indication is used to indicate that the second terminal has the first information.
  • the transceiver unit 601 is further used to receive third information from the first terminal and/or a network connection requirement of the first terminal, and the third information is used to trigger the second terminal to send the first information to the first terminal.
  • the third information includes a second indication
  • the second indication is used to instruct the second terminal to send the first information to the first terminal.
  • the network connection requirement includes at least one of the following: a time requirement for network connection, a location requirement for network connection, a battery status requirement for network connection, and a track information requirement for network connection.
  • the time requirement for network connection includes a time connection requirement and/or an air interface delay requirement.
  • the time connection requirement is used to indicate the network connection time required by the first terminal
  • the location requirement is used to indicate the network connection location required by the first terminal.
  • transceiver unit 601 and the processing unit 602 can refer to the relevant description of any method embodiment shown in Figure 4 or Figure 5, and will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device may be a terminal (such as a first terminal or a second terminal, etc.) or may be a device in a terminal, for implementing the method described in the method embodiment.
  • the communication device may include a processor 111 and a storage medium 112.
  • the processor 111 may also be referred to as a processing unit, which may implement certain control functions.
  • the storage medium 112 may also be referred to as a storage unit, or a memory.
  • the storage medium 112 stores instructions 114. The instructions 114 may be executed on the processor 111, so that the communication device executes any of the methods described in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 111 may include an instruction 113, which may be executed on the processor 111, so that the communication device executes any method described in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication device described in the above embodiments may be a terminal, but the scope of the device described in this application is not limited thereto, and the communication device may be an independent device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the communication device may be:
  • ASICs such as modems
  • Figure 8 is a structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal includes a processor, a memory, a control circuit, an antenna, and an input-output device.
  • the processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, as well as to control the entire terminal, execute software programs, and process data of software programs.
  • the memory is mainly used to store software programs and data.
  • the radio frequency circuit is mainly used for conversion between baseband signals and radio frequency signals and processing radio frequency signals.
  • the antenna is mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input-output devices such as touch screens, display screens, keyboards, etc., are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users.
  • the processor can read the software program in the storage unit, parse and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the RF circuit.
  • the RF circuit processes the baseband signal to obtain the RF signal and sends the RF signal outward in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna.
  • the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, and the RF signal is further converted into a baseband signal, and the baseband signal is output to the processor, and the processor converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.
  • FIG8 shows only one memory and processor. In an actual terminal, there may be multiple processors and memories.
  • the memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the antenna is used to perform the operations performed by the transceiver unit 601 in the above embodiment.
  • the processor is used to perform the operations performed by the processing unit 602 in the above embodiment.
  • the terminal can also be used to perform the method performed by the first terminal or the second terminal in the method embodiment of Figure 4 or Figure 5, which will not be repeated here.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • the program When the program is executed by a processor, it can implement the process related to the first terminal or the second terminal in the communication method provided in the above method embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which is used to store a computer program, and when the computer program is run on a computer (or processor), the computer executes one or more steps in any of the above communication methods. If the various component modules of the above-mentioned devices are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the present application embodiment provides a chip, including a processor, for calling and executing instructions stored in the memory from a memory, so that the device
  • the communication device equipped with the chip executes any one of the above methods.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides another chip, including: an input interface, an output interface and a processing circuit, wherein the input interface, the output interface and the circuit are connected via an internal connection path, and the processing circuit is used to execute any of the above methods.
  • the chip also includes a memory. The input interface, the output interface, the processor and the memory are connected via an internal connection path, and the processor is used to execute the code in the memory. When the code is executed, the processor is used to execute any of the above methods.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a chip system, including at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the at least one processor are interconnected through a line, and the at least one processor is used to run a computer program or instruction to execute any of the above methods.
  • the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include a chip and other discrete devices.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, which includes a first terminal and a second terminal.
  • a communication system which includes a first terminal and a second terminal.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides another communication system, which includes a first terminal, a second terminal and an access network.
  • another communication system which includes a first terminal, a second terminal and an access network.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid-state drive (SSD), a ROM, a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a RAM, which is used as an external cache.
  • the memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device that can realize a storage function, for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • processors mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • DSP digital signal processors
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuits
  • FPGA field programmable gate arrays
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or may be any conventional processor, etc.
  • processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) is integrated in the processor.
  • memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the steps in the method of the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted in order, combined and deleted according to actual needs.
  • the steps of each embodiment can be partially executed (for example, the terminal may not execute the steps executed by the terminal in the above embodiment).
  • the execution order of different steps can be changed.
  • the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments, different embodiments can be combined with each other, and different steps of different embodiments of this document can be combined.
  • modules/units in the device of the embodiment of the present application can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.
  • a communication protocol or specification such as a 3GPP communication protocol.
  • “include” can be an inclusion relationship or an equality relationship.
  • a includes B which means that A includes B and can also include other contents, or A and B are the same content.
  • At least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.
  • the size of the sequence number of each process does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method and related devices, which can alleviate the burden of access network equipment caching downlink data of terminal equipment.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种通信方法及相关装置。其中，通信方法包括：第一终端接收来自第二终端的第一信息，所述第一信息包括覆盖可用信息，所述覆盖可用信息用于表示覆盖场景和/或非覆盖场景的位置和时段；第一终端根据所述第一信息，进入节能状态，或采用第一方式访问网络，所述第一方式为直接通信方式或间接通信方式。采用本申请实施例，可提高通信连接的成功率，利于终端的节能。

Description

通信方法及相关装置
本申请要求于2023年06月15日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202310713467.X、申请名称为“通信方法及相关装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及相关装置。
背景技术
在通信网络部署之初或为了节约通信网络的部署成本，在某一时段内的某一区域没有通信网络覆盖，相应地，位于该区域的终端会处于非覆盖场景。比如，沙漠深处的油田开采现场，当非地面通信(non-terrestrial communication，NTN)系统中的无线网络设备(例如，一颗或多颗卫星在围绕地球进行规律性转动时)，在特定的时间段内能够为该油田开采现场提供通信服务，那么，位于该油田开采现场的终端在其他时间段内会处于非覆盖场景。
当终端处于非覆盖场景时，终端可以进入节能状态，以实现终端的节能。当终端处于覆盖场景时，可以访问(或接入(access))通信网络(后续可以简称为网络)，以实现终端的业务通信。然而，当终端处于不可达状态(unavailable)(例如，终端处于关机状态或软件升级状态，或终端访问的通信网络的信号质量差等情况)时，终端无法获取通信网络覆盖的相关信息，例如，卫星覆盖可用信息(satellite coverage availability information)等，导致终端无法确定处于哪种覆盖场景，例如，覆盖场景或非覆盖场景。在这种情况下，假设终端处于非覆盖场景，但终端无法确定处于非覆盖场景，那么终端会不断尝试与通信网络建立连接，造成通信连接失败，此外，由于终端不断尝试与通信网络建立连接，导致节能效果差。
发明内容
本申请实施例公开了一种通信方法及相关装置，可提高通信连接的成功率，利于终端的节能。
第一方面，本申请实施例公开了一种通信方法，该方法应用于第一终端。第一终端可以指处于覆盖场景时未成功获取覆盖可用信息的终端，或者成功获取到覆盖可用信息中一部分，例如，第一终端接收到的覆盖可用信息仅包含部分时段。第二终端可以指处于覆盖场景时已获取覆盖可用信息的终端，可以用于辅助第一终端获取覆盖可用信息。具体地，第一终端可以为远端终端(remote UE)，第二终端可以为中继终端(relay UE)。
该方法包括：接收来自第二终端的第一信息；根据所述第一信息，进入节能状态，或采用第一方式访问网络。其中，所述第一信息包括覆盖可用信息，所述覆盖可用信息用于表示覆盖场景和/或非覆盖场景的位置和时段，所述第一方式为直接通信方式或间接通信方式。如此，第一终端可以根据第一信息确定该第一终端处于覆盖场景或非覆盖场景，并在不同的场景中进入节能状态或采用直接通信方式访问网络或采用间接通信方式访问网络，可提高通信连接的成功率，利于终端的节能。
需要指出的是，第一方面提供的方法可以由第一终端来执行，或者可以由第一终端中的装置(例如，芯片，或者芯片系统，或者电路，或手段(means)等)来执行，不予限制。
在一些可行的示例中，所述覆盖可用信息为卫星覆盖可用信息。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第一信息还包括所述第二终端的信息，所述第二终端的信息包括以下至少一项：空口时延、电池状态、网络访问方式，所述网络访问方式为通过地面网络设备访问网络或通过非地面网络设备访问网络。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第一信息还包括非地面网络设备的轨道信息。
在一些可行的示例中，当所述第一方式为间接通信方式时，所述方法还包括：根据所述第一信息，确定所述第二终端为所述第一终端的目标终端；所述采用第一方式访问网络，包括：通过所述目标终端访问网络。可以理解，根据第一信息确定当前第二终端是否为能够采用间接通信方式访问网络的目标终端，可提高通信连接的成功率。在连接成功之后，无需继续尝试连接，可实现节能。
在一些可行的示例中，所述根据所述第一信息，确定所述第二终端为所述第一终端的目标终端，包括：根据所述第一信息和所述第一终端的网络连接需求，确定所述第二终端为所述第一终端的目标终端。可理解为选择满足第一终端的网络连接需求的第二终端作为目标终端，提高了通过目标终端访问网络的成功 率。
在一些可行的示例中，所述网络连接需求包括以下至少一项：网络连接的时间需求、网络连接的位置需求、网络连接的电池状态需求、网络连接的轨道信息需求；其中，所述网络连接的时间需求包括时间连接需求和/或空口时延需求，所述时间连接需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接时间，所述位置需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接位置。
在一些可行的示例中，所述方法还包括：接收来自所述第二终端的第二信息，所述第二信息包括第一指示和/或所述第二终端的网络访问方式，所述第一指示用于指示所述第二终端具有所述第一信息。可以理解，在第二终端具有第一信息的情况下，第二终端可以向第一终端发送第一信息，以使第一终端获取第一信息。第一终端可以参考第二终端的网络访问方式，确定对接收到的第一信息的处理方式，例如，是否忽略第一信息(或是否执行根据第一信息，进入节能状态或采用第一方式访问网络的步骤)、采用直接或间接通信方式访问网络等。
在一些可行的示例中，在所述接收来自第二终端的第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：向所述第二终端发送所述第一终端的网络连接需求和/或第三信息，所述第三信息用于触发所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。
可以理解，在第一终端向第二终端发送网络连接需求之后，第二终端可知第一终端的网络连接需求，并根据该网络连接需求确定是否向第一终端发送第一信息。例如，第二终端在确定第一信息满足第一终端的网络连接需求时，向第一终端发送第一信息。在第一终端向第二终端发送第二指示之后，第一终端可以触发第二终端向第一终端发送第一信息。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第三信息包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。如此，第二终端基于第二指示向第一终端发送第一信息，可以提高数据传输的有效性。
第二方面，本申请实施例公开了另一种通信方法，该方法应用于第二终端。该方法包括：获取第一信息，所述第一信息包括覆盖可用信息，所述覆盖可用信息用于表示覆盖场景和/或非覆盖场景的位置和时段；向第一终端发送所述第一信息。如此，第一终端可以根据第一信息确定该第一终端是处于覆盖场景还是非覆盖场景，并在不同的场景中进入节能状态或采用直接通信方式访问网络或采用间接通信方式访问网络，可提高通信连接的成功率，利于终端的节能。
需要指出的是，第二方面提供的方法可以由第二终端来执行，或者可以由第二终端中的装置(例如，芯片，或者芯片系统，或者电路，或手段等)来执行，不予限制。
在一些可行的示例中，所述向第一终端发送所述第一信息，包括：当所述第二终端处于覆盖场景时，向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。可以理解，第一终端在接收来自第二终端的第一信息时，若第二终端处于覆盖场景，则第一终端可以通过第二终端与网络建立间接连接，能够进一步提高第一终端建立通信连接的成功率。
在一些可行的示例中，所述覆盖可用信息为卫星覆盖可用信息。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第一信息还包括所述第二终端的信息，所述第二终端的信息包括以下至少一项：空口时延、电池状态、网络访问方式，所述网络访问方式为通过地面网络设备访问网络或通过非地面网络设备访问网络。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第一信息还包括所述非地面网络设备的轨道信息。
在一些可行的示例中，所述方法还包括：向所述第一终端发送第二信息，所述第二信息包括第一指示和/或所述第二终端的网络访问方式，所述第一指示用于指示所述第二终端具有所述第一信息。如此，第一终端可以基于第二信息确定是否向第二终端请求获取第一信息，且第一终端还可以参考第二终端的网络访问方式确定对接收到的第一信息的处理方式。
在一些可行的示例中，在所述向第一终端发送所述第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：接收来自所述第一终端的第三信息和/或所述第一终端的网络连接需求，所述第三信息用于触发所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。如此，第二终端可基于第三信息向第一终端发送第一信息，以使第一终端获取第一信息。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第三信息包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。如此，第二终端基于第二指示向第一终端发送第一信息，可以提高数据传输的有效性。
在一些可行的示例中，所述网络连接需求包括以下至少一项：网络连接的时间需求、网络连接的位置 需求、网络连接的电池状态需求、网络连接的轨道信息需求；其中，所述网络连接的时间需求包括时间连接需求和/或空口时延需求，所述时间连接需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接时间，所述位置需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接位置。
第三方面，本申请实施例公开了一种通信装置，该通信装置包括用于执行上述第一方面至第二方面中的任一实现方法的各个步骤的单元或模块或手段。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了另一种通信装置，该通信装置可以包括处理器，该处理器用于通过执行存储器中的指令，或者，通过逻辑电路，使得该通信装置执行上述任一方面或可行的示例中的方法。
在一些可行的示例中，通信装置还包括存储器或收发器中的一项或多项，该收发器用于收发数据和/或信令。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统包括第一终端和第二终端。当第一终端和第二终端在该通信系统中运行时，用于执行上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面或可行的示例中的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质上存储有指令，当该指令被处理器运行时，使得上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面或可行的示例中的方法被执行。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品用于存储计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面或可行的示例中的方法。
第八方面，本申请提供了一种芯片，包括处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行存储器中存储的指令，使得安装有芯片的通信装置执行上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面或可行的示例的方法。
第九方面，本申请提供了另一种芯片，包括：输入接口、输出接口和处理电路，输入接口、输出接口与电路之间通过内部连接通路相连，处理电路用于执行上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面或可行的示例的方法。
可选地，芯片还包括存储器。输入接口、输出接口、处理器以及存储器之间通过内部连接通路相连，处理器用于执行存储器中的代码，当代码被执行时，处理器用于执行上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面或可行的示例中的方法。
第十方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，通信接口和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，至少一个处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以执行上述第一方面至第二方面中任一方面或可行的示例中的方法。
应理解的是，上述多个方面的实现和有益效果可互相参考。
附图说明
以下对本申请实施例用到的附图进行介绍。
图1A是一种通信系统的构架示意图；
图1B至图1D分别是一种NTN系统的架构示意图；
图2A是一种基于ProSe技术的模式A的发现方法的流程示意图；
图2B是一种基于ProSe技术的模式B的发现方法的流程示意图；
图3是一种覆盖场景和非覆盖场景的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的交互示意图；
图5是本申请提供的另一种通信方法的交互示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、新空口技术(new radio，NR)系统、高级的长期演进(LTE advanced，LTE-A)系统、设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)通信系统、车联网(vehicle to everything，V2X)通信系统、机器到机器(machine to machine，M2M)通信系统、物联网(internet of things，IoT)、窄带物联网(narrow band internet of thing，NB-IoT)、感知通信一体化系统、频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)系统、非地面通信(non-terrestrial communication，NTN)系统、无线投屏通信系统、接入 回传一体化(integrated access and backhaul，IAB)通信系统、公共陆地移动网(public land mobile network，PLMN)、非公共网络(Non-Public network，NPN)，以及应用于5G通信系统之后演进的通信系统(例如，6G通信系统)，或者可以为非(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)通信系统等，不予限制。
其中，D2D指的是两个终端设备之间直接通过无线链路通信的技术。典型的D2D设备有蓝牙(Bluetooth)，WiFi直连(WiFi-Direct)等。D2D的核心功能包括：发现(discovery)和通信(communication)。
D2D技术使用的设备一般是半双工设备，即同一个时刻的终端设备只能处于接收或者发送信息的状态，不具备同时收发的能力。在3GPP定义的无线通信网络中，终端设备和终端设备直接通信的链路为侧行链路(sidelink，SL)，与当前通信系统中终端设备和网络设备通信的上行链路(uplink，UL)、下行链路(downlink，DL)相对应。
示例性的，请参阅图1A，图1A是一种通信系统的架构示意图。如图1A所示，通信系统可以包括至少两个终端设备(如图1A中的第一终端设备、第二终端设备)和网络设备(如图1A中的接入网设备)等。其中，终端设备可以通过无线方式或有线方式与网络设备相连，使得终端设备可以与网络设备进行UL通信或DL通信，如第一终端设备与接入网设备进行UL通信或DL通信。终端设备和终端设备之间可以通过无线方式或有线方式连接，使得终端设备之间可以进行SL通信，如第一终端设备和第二终端设备之间可以进行SL通信。
终端设备和网络设备之间，网络设备和网络设备之间，以及终端设备和终端设备之间可以通过授权频谱(licensed spectrum)进行通信，或者可以通过免授权频谱(unlicensed spectrum)进行通信，或者可以同时通过授权频谱和免授权频谱进行通信。本申请对终端设备和网络设备使用的频谱资源不做限定。
本申请所涉及的终端设备以下可简称为终端，例如，第一终端设备可简称为第一终端，第二终端设备可简称为第二终端等。终端是用户侧的一种用于接收或发射信号的实体，可向用户提供语音和/或数据。终端也可以称为终端(terminal)、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、UE单元、UE站、移动设备、移动站、移动台(mobile station)、移动终端、移动客户端、移动单元(mobile unit)、远方站、远程终端、远程单元、无线单元、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置等。其中，接入终端可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，未来5G中的终端或者未来演进的PLMN中的终端，或者未来的NPN中的终端等。在本申请实施例中，应用于上述设备中的芯片也可以称为终端。
在本申请实施例中，接入网(access network，AN)设备或无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)设备，可以简称为接入网。接入网为将终端接入到无线网络的节点或设备，也就是说，接入网给终端提供接入服务，以使终端接入(或访问)网络。接入网可以支持有线接入，还可以支持无线接入。
可选地，接入网由多个AN/RAN节点组成。AN/RAN节点可以包括但不限于：接入点(access point，AP)、增强型基站(enhance nodeB，eNB)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)、下一代基站(NR nodeB，gNB)、传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、传输点(transmission point，TP)或某种其它接入节点，例如，无线中继节点、无线回传节点等。AN/RAN节点或者可以为一个或多个组成的天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如BBU或分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)等，或者可以是D2D、V2X、M2M、U2U等通信系统中承担RAN功能的设备等。AN/RAN节点或者可以为云无线接入网(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器，或者可以为开放式接入网(open RAN，O-RAN或ORAN)，或者可以为5G通信系统之后演进的通信系统中的接入网，例如，6G通信系统中的xNodeB等，或者可以为5G通信系统之后演进的PLMN网络中的接入网等，在此不做限定。
本申请对于终端和接入网的位置不做限定，例如，第一终端和第二终端可以处于接入网的覆盖范围内；或者第一终端处于接入网的覆盖范围内，第二终端处于接入网的覆盖范围外。终端和接入网可以处于固定状态，或可以处于移动状态。终端和接入网可以部署在陆地上，或者可以部署在水面、空中等。
在本申请实施例中，可以将部署在空中的接入网称为非地面网络设备，部署于地面的接入网可以称为地面网络设备。地面网络设备相对于非地面网络设备而言，是静止或移动速度较慢的接入网。也就是说，非地面网络设备相对于地面网络设备而言，可以是高速移动的接入网。
非地面网络设备可以包括卫星(satellite)、高空平台(high-altitude platform，HAP)、无人机、热气球、低轨卫星、中轨卫星、高轨卫星等等，在此不做限定。本申请中提及的卫星可以表示与卫星通信相关的卫星及其他网络设备的集合，因此，在本申请中，“卫星”与“卫星网络设备”这两种描述是等效的。
具体地，接入网可以包括以下三种部署方式：
在第一种部署方式下，非地面网络设备可以担任RAN功能(接入服务功能)，未部署担任RAN功能的地面网络设备，可以通过地面网络设备中的地面站(如NTN网关)与核心网通信，用于解决偏远地区，如山区、海洋等地域的覆盖的问题。
在第二种部署方式下，非地面网络设备和地面网络设备中的地面站可以作为射频单元，地面网络设备中除地面站之外的接入网(如基站)可以担任RAN功能。
在第三种部署方式下，接入网未部署非地面网络设备，也未部署地面网络设备中用于转发非地面网络设备和其他网络设备的信令和数据的地面站，RAN功能由地面网络设备除地面站之外的接入网(如基站)担任。
需要说明的是，图1A所示的网络架构中所包含的接入网和终端的数量和类型仅仅是一种举例，本申请实施例并不限制于此。例如，还可以包括更多的或者更少的与接入网进行通信的终端。又例如，还可以包括更多的或者更少的与终端进行通信的接入网。为简明描述，不在附图中一一描述。
此外，在如图1A所示的网络架构中，尽管示出了接入网和终端，但是该应用场景中可以并不限于包括接入网和终端，例如还可以包括用于承载虚拟化网络功能的设备等，这些对于本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的，在此不再一一赘述。
可选地，通信系统中还可以包括图1A中未示出的网络设备，例如，核心网(core network，CN)设备和数据网络(data network)设备等。核心网设备和数据网络设备通常部署于陆地或水面。
在不同的通信系统中核心网设备(以下可简称为核心网)可以对应不同的设备。比如，在3G通信系统中可以对应GPRS的服务支持节点(serving GPRS support node，SGSN)和/或GPRS的网关支持节点(gateway GPRS support node，GGSN)；在4G通信系统中可以对应移动性管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)和/或服务网关(serving gateway，S-GW)；在5G通信系统中可以对应上述的策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)网元、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元、应用功能(application function，AF)网元、接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、会话管理功能网元(session management function，SMF)网元、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元等。
在本申请实施例中，数据网络设备以下可简称为数据网络。数据网络用于为用户提供业务服务。一般客户端为终端，服务端为数据网络。数据网络所提供的数据网络可以包括私有网络，如局域网。数据网络或者可以包括不受运营商管理的外部网络，如Internet。数据网络或者可以包括运营商共同部署的专有网络，如提供IP多媒体子系统(IP multimedia subsystem，IMS)服务的网络。
请参阅图1B至图1D，图1B至图1D分别是一种NTN系统的架构示意图。在图1B至图1D中，以通信系统为5G通信系统、卫星为非地面网络设备、地面站和/或基站作为地面网络设备进行举例说明。接入网可以为下一代的无线接入网(next generation-RAN，NG-RAN)，核心网可以为5G核心网(5G core network，5G CN)。该架构可以理解为基于NTN的NG-RAN架构(NTN-based NG-RAN architecture)。
终端和接入网之间的无线链路的接口可以称为空口(air interface)，如NR Uu接口。NG接口作为接入网和核心网之间的接口，主要用于交互核心网的非接入层(non-access stratum，NAS)等信令，以及用户的业务数据。Xn接口为接入网和接入网之间的接口，主要用于切换等信令的交互。N6接口可以为核心网和数据网络之间的接口。
需要说明的是，以上接口以5G通信系统进行示例。在不同的通信系统可以存在不同名称，例如，在4G通信系统中，接入网和接入网之间的接口可以为X2接口，接入网和核心网之间的接口可以为S1接口等。当然，在未来通信中，这些接口的名称可以不变，或者也可以用其它名称代替，本申请对此不限定。
如图1B至图1D所示，NTN系统可以包括至少一个终端和至少一个网络设备。其中，网络设备可以包括接入网、核心网和数据网络等。在图1B中，接入网包括射频拉远单元(remote radio unit，RRU)和基站，RRU包括卫星和地面站，该接入网可理解为前述的第二种部署方式。在图1C和图1D中，接入网包括卫星和地面站，可理解为前述的第一种部署方式。终端和网络设备可参照前述，在此不再赘述。
具体的，图1B所示的架构可称为透明卫星接入架构(如RAN architecture with transparent satellite)。如图1B所示，卫星通过无线链路与地面站和终端相连，地面站与数据网络之间通过基站和核心网相连。在该构架对应的场景中，卫星的作用是：无线频率过滤(radio frequency filtering)，频率转换和放大(frequency conversion and amplification)。也就是说，卫星可实现透传转发，作为层1(layer 1)的延迟(relay)，将物理层信号重新生成，并不具有其他更高协议层。
图1C所示的卫星可称为不具有星间链路(inter-satellite link，ISL)的再生卫星(regenerative satellite)，图1D所示的卫星可称为具有星间链路的再生卫生。在图1C和图1D所示的架构中，卫星担任RAN功能。终端和卫星之间的服务链路通过NR Uu接口连接，地面站和卫星之间的馈线链路通过卫星无线接口(satellite radio interface，SRI)连接。图1D中包括两个卫星，卫星和卫星之间的ISL通过Xn接口连接。
为了便于理解本申请实施例，下面给出本申请实施例可能出现的技术术语的定义。本申请的实施方式部分使用的术语仅用于对本申请的具体实施例进行解释，而非旨在限定本申请。
(1)基于近距离的业务(proximity-based service，ProSe)，也叫临近业务，或者为D2D。ProSe是3GPP标准为了提高蜂窝容量和服务引入的概念，且引入了ProSe功能(ProSe function)网元，用来专门处理ProSe所需的相关动作与流程。通过临近的两个或多个启用ProSe功能的终端之间直接进行通信，而无需遍历网络节点。
ProSe的连接方式的优点如下：可应用新的连接方式扩展新的“生活方式(lifestyle)”，如社交网络应用、本地数据应用等；可实现小范围内密集数据的直接传输，释放网络资源，减轻接入网的任务压力，而且会节约大量的空口资源，降低干扰，提高网络容量；可实现紧急通信、公共安全(如蜂窝网络不能正常工作的场景，允许终端脱网通信)的目的，特别是两个终端或其中一个终端不在网络覆盖内。
(2)直连发现(direct discovery)功能，是指终端能够发现周围有可以直连的终端的能力。3GPP标准定义了两种模式的直连发现功能，即模式A(model A)和模式B(model B)两种模式。其中，模式A为单向发现协议消息，通过发布公告的方式来发现周围或邻近的终端。模式A中的终端分为公告终端(announcing UE)和监听终端(monitoring UE)两种，该公告终端还可以称为中继终端(relay UE)。模式B为双向发现协议，通过请求和响应两部分来发现终端。模式B中的终端分为发现者终端(discoverer UE)和被发现者终端(discoveree UE)。
基于ProSe技术的模式A的发现流程可参照图2A，如图2A所示，中继终端可以向多个监听终端(如第一监听终端、第二监听终端、第三监听终端等)发送公告消息(announcement message)，对此感兴趣的监听终端可以解读并处理接收到的公告消息。该公告消息可以包括发现消息的类型(the type of discovery message)，以及ProSe应用码(ProSe Application Code)或ProSe限制码(ProSe Restricted Code)。
其中，ProSe应用码与ProSe应用标识(ProSe Application ID)有关，该ProSe应用标识由PLMN标识(PLMN ID)和ProSe应用标识名称(ProSe App ID Name)组成。中继终端从家庭公共陆地移动网(home PLMN，HPLMN)的ProSe功能网元处获取ProSe应用码，并通过公告消息发送至其他终端。监听终端从HPLMN ProSe功能网元处获取该ProSe应用码，并根据该ProSe应用码监听来自公告终端发来的公告消息。ProSe限制码由HPLMN ProSe功能网元分配，用于受限模式场景的直接发现。
基于ProSe技术的模式B的发现流程可参照图2B，如图2B所示，发现者终端向其他的被发现者终端(如第一被发现者终端、第二被发现者终端、第三被发现者终端等)发送请求消息(如solicitation message)。被发现者终端(如第一被发现者终端和第二被发现者终端等)匹配到请求消息，向发现者终端发送回复消息(response message)。其中，请求消息可以包括发现消息的类型，以及ProSe队列码(ProSe Query Code)。该ProSe队列码由ProSe功能网元分配，可以是ProSe应用码或ProSe限制码。
(3)扩展的非连续接收(extended discontinuous reception，eDRX)技术，延长了非连续接收(discontinuous reception，DRX)周期。终端在寻呼时间窗口(paging time window，PTW)内按照eDRX周期监听寻呼信道，以便接收下行数据，其余时间终端处于休眠状态，不接收下行数据，增加了终端的休眠时长，从而进一步降低电能的消耗。
(4)终端处于覆盖场景，是指终端处于有网络覆盖的场景，具体可以是指终端所处的位置和时段有网络覆盖。
(5)终端处于非覆盖场景，是指终端处于无网络覆盖的场景，具体可以是指终端所处的位置和时段无网络覆盖。
需要说明的是，网络覆盖可以指的是地面网络覆盖，或非地面网络覆盖，不予限制。
具体地，以非地面网络覆盖，且使得终端处于覆盖场景的非地面网络设备为卫星进行示例。请参照图3提供的一种覆盖场景和非覆盖场景的示意图。如图3所示，在第一时间(如9：15)第一终端和第二终端处于卫星的覆盖范围内，即第一终端和第二终端处于覆盖场景，且可以与该卫星建立连接。而随着卫星的移动，在第二时间(如10：20)第一终端和第二终端处于卫星的覆盖范围外，即第一终端和第二终端处于非覆盖场景，难以直接与该卫星建立通信连接。
在终端处于非覆盖场景时，可以触发终端进入节能状态。例如，设置非独立组网(Non-Standalone， NAS)定时时长(如周期性注册定时器的定时时长)、eDRX参数(如eDRX周期、PTW等)等，以实现终端的节能。然而，当终端处于不可达状态时，终端无法获取网络覆盖的相关信息，导致终端无法确定处于哪种覆盖场景，例如覆盖场景或非覆盖场景。在此情况下终端不断尝试与通信网络建立连接，导致通信连接失败。此外，由于终端不断尝试与通信网络建立连接，导致节能效果差。
本申请提出一种通信方法，能够通过其他终端获取网络覆盖的相关信息，进而根据该信息进入节能状态或采用直接通信方式访问网络或采用间接通信方式访问网络，可提高通信连接的成功率，利于终端节能。
下面对本申请实施例提供的通信方法进行详细说明，该通信方法所涉及的通信装置可以包括第一终端、第二终端和接入网。第一终端、第二终端和接入网对应的系统架构可参照图1A的描述，在此不再赘述。本申请中终端执行的功能或者可以由该终端中的装置(例如，芯片，或者芯片系统，或者电路，或手段等)来执行。本申请中接入网执行的功能或者可以由该接入网中的装置(例如，芯片，或者芯片系统，或者电路，或手段等)来执行。以下以终端和接入网进行示例。
请参照图4，图4是本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的交互示意图。该通信方法包括如下步骤。
S400：第二终端获取第一信息。
其中，第一信息可以包括覆盖可用信息，用于表示覆盖场景和/或非覆盖场景的位置和时段。
其中，覆盖可用信息可以表示某位置和某时段的网络覆盖情况，即某位置和某时段是否有网络覆盖。本申请对于覆盖可用信息的内容形式不做限定，例如，覆盖可用信息是以位置为粒度来表示的。具体地，覆盖可用信息包括某个位置，以及针对该位置的各个时段是否有网络覆盖；又例如，覆盖可用信息是以时段为粒度来表示，具体地，覆盖可用信息包括某个时段以及针对该时段的各个位置是否有网络覆盖。
其中，该时段可以为当前时间或当前时间所属的时段，或指定时段。位置可以是第二终端的当前位置或该当前位置的预设范围，或指定位置。
可以理解的是，位置可以为一个位置点，或者位置范围。具体地，位置可以为由经纬度或街道等描述的物理位置，或者可以为位置标识符，例如，由经纬度或街道表示的符号，还可以是小区或跟踪区的标识等。又例如，01、10、11等对应的区域。时段可以为一个或一段时段。且时段可以为具体的数值，或者为对应的符号，例如，001表示1：00到2：00的时段，002表示2：00到3：00的时段等。是否有网络覆盖可以通过比特位的数值进行描述，例如，1表示有网络覆盖，0表示无网络覆盖；或者0表示无网络覆盖，1表示有网络覆盖。
示例性地，覆盖可用信息采用6个比特位的数值表示。其中，前3个比特位表示时段、中间2个比特位表示位置，最后的1个比特位表示有无网络覆盖。假设覆盖可用信息包括001011，且当001表示1：00到2：00的时段，01表示第一区域，1表示有网络覆盖，0表示无网络覆盖时，001011可以表示第一区域在1：00到2：00的时段内有网络覆盖。
本申请对于第二终端获取覆盖可用信息的方法不做限定，在第二终端处于覆盖场景时，可以建立网络连接。第二终端可以通过接入网广播的系统消息(如系统块消息(systeminformation block，SIB))获取到覆盖可用信息，或者可以通过用户面从网络侧(如数据网络)获取到覆盖可用信息，或者可以通过控制面从核心网(如控制面网元AMF/MME等)获取到覆盖可用信息等。
可以理解，在终端获取覆盖可用信息之后，可以根据该覆盖可用信息确定该终端处于覆盖场景或非覆盖场景的信息，如位置和/或时段等。例如，终端可根据覆盖可用信息确定该终端处于非覆盖场景的时段(UE out-of-coverage period)。
在本申请实施例中，覆盖可用信息对应的接入网是指提供覆盖可用信息的接入网。该接入网可以为非地面网络设备或地面网络设备。换言之，可以由非地面网络设备或地面网络设备为终端提供网络，该网络的覆盖可用信息可以用于终端确定其处于该网络的覆盖场景或非覆盖场景。
示例性地，假设覆盖可用信息用于表示第一区域在1：00到2：00的时段内有网络覆盖，且第一区域在2：00到3：00的时段内无网络覆盖，以及第二区域在1：00到2：00的时段内无网络覆盖，且第二区域在2：00到3：00的时段内有网络覆盖。若第一终端的位置固定，且固定位置属于第一区域内，则第一终端在1：00到2：00的时段内处于覆盖场景，在2：00到3：00的时段内处于非覆盖场景。若第二终端的位置不固定，在1：00到2：20的时段内位于第一区域内，在2：20到3：00的时段内位于第二区域内，则第二终端在1：00到2：00的时段和2：20到3：00的时段内处于覆盖场景，在2：00到2：20处于非覆盖场景。
在一个示例中，第一信息还可以包括第二终端的信息，该第二终端的信息可以包括以下至少一项：空口时延、电池状态、网络访问方式。
其中，第二终端的空口时延可以为第二终端和接入网设备之间进行空口通信的时延。可选地，第一终端可以根据第二终端的空口时延采用直接通信方式访问网络或采用间接通信方式访问网络。也就是说，第一终端根据第二终端的空口时延与网络建立直接或间接连接。
例如，当第二终端的空口时延满足预设的空口时延阈值(如第一终端的空口时延需求中要求的空口时延阈值)时，第一终端通过第二终端采用间接通信方式访问网络。
其中，第一终端的空口时延需求用于表示第一终端要求的网络连接的空口时延，如第一终端要求网络连接的空口时延小于预设的空口时延阈值(如10毫秒(ms))。可以理解，在第二终端的空口时延较小(如小于空口时延阈值)的情况下，第一终端可以通过第二终端采用间接通信方式访问网络。
又例如，假设第一终端和第二终端之间的距离较近，可以理解为第一终端的空口时延为第二终端的空口时延，在第二终端的空口时延较小(如小于空口时延阈值)的情况下，第一终端的空口时延也较小，若第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景，那么第一终端可以采用直接通信方式访问网络。此外，在第二终端的空口时延较小的情况下，若需要采用间接通信方式访问网络或不能采用直接通信方式访问网络，则第一终端可以通过第二终端采用间接通信方式访问网络。而在第二终端的空口时延较大(如大于或等于空口时延阈值)的情况下，表示第一终端建立直接通信连接和通过第二终端建立间接通信连接的通信时长较长，若需要访问网络，可以采用其他满足该空口时延阈值的终端采用间接通信方式访问网络。
可选地，第二终端的空口时延由第二终端和网络设备(如控制面网元中的AMF/MME，或用户面网元UPF，或公共数据网络网关(public data network gateway，PDN GW)，或数据网络等)进行通信所需要的时延代替。
第二终端的电池状态可以为电池的荷电状态或剩余电量(state of charge or remaining of battery)。可选地，第一终端可以根据第二终端的电池状态采用直接通信方式访问网络或采用间接通信方式访问网络。也就是说，第一终端根据第二终端的电池状态与网络建立直接或间接连接。
例如，当第二终端的电池状态满足预设的电池状态(如第一终端的电池状态需求中要求的荷电状态或剩余电量)时，第一终端采用直接通信方式访问网络或通过第二终端采用间接通信方式访问网络；或，当第二终端的电池状态不满足预设的电池状态时，采用直接通信方式访问网络或通过其他满足预设的电池状态的终端(如第四终端)采用间接通信方式访问网络。
其中，电池状态需求用于表示第一终端要求的网络连接的电池状态，如第一终端的电池状态需求中要求的剩余电量大于预设的剩余电量阈值(如>40％)。可以理解，若第二终端的电池状态适用于第一终端通过第二终端访问网络(如第二终端的剩余电量>40％)，即第二终端的电池状态可以为远端终端提供中继连接，则第一终端可以通过第二终端采用间接通信方式访问网络。此外，还可以依据其他信息确定采用直接通信方式访问网络，例如，第二终端不提供中继服务。如此，可以避免通过第二终端与网络间接连接失败。
若第二终端的电池状态不适用于第一终端通过第二终端访问网络(如第二终端的剩余电量<40％)，即第二终端的电池状态不足以为远端终端提供中继连接，此时可以采用直接通信方式访问网络，则第一终端采用直接通信方式访问网络。若此时不能采用直接通信方式访问网络或需要采用间接通信方式访问网络，则第一终端可以通过其他的终端(如满足电池状态需求的第三终端)采用间接通信方式访问网络。
第二终端的网络访问方式，可以包括第二终端通过地面网络设备访问网络或通过非地面网络设备访问网络。若第二终端通过地面网络设备访问网络，则第二终端可以称为地面网络的中继终端，如TN relay UE。若第二终端通过非地面网络设备访问网络，则第二终端可以称为非地面网络的中继终端，如NTN relay UE。第二终端的网络访问方式可以通过中继服务码(relay service code)来体现。
可选地，第一终端可以根据第二终端的网络访问方式采用直接通信方式访问网络，或采用间接通信方式访问网络。也就是说，第一终端根据第二终端的网络访问方式与网络建立直接或间接连接。
例如，在第二终端通过地面网络设备访问网络，即覆盖可用信息对应的接入网为地面网络设备时，第一终端可以通过第二终端访问网络，即第一终端通过第二终端与地面网络设备建立间接连接。又例如，在第二终端通过非地面网络设备访问网络，即覆盖可用信息对应的接入网为非地面网络设备时，第一终端可以通过非地面网络设备访问网络，即第一终端通过第二终端与非地面网络设备建立间接连接，或与非地面网络设备建立直接连接。
在另一个示例中，在覆盖可用信息对应的接入网为非地面网络设备时，第一信息还可以包括该非地面网络设备的轨道信息。其中，非地面网络设备的轨道信息可以包括非地面网络设备的轨道高度、轨道周期、轨道倾角等中的至少一项。
可选地，在卫星提供覆盖可用信息时，覆盖可用信息为卫星覆盖可用信息。非地面网络设备的轨道信 息为卫星轨道(satellite orbit)信息。
可选地，终端在获取非地面网络设备的轨道信息之后，根据该轨道信息确定第二终端的空口时延。例如，第一终端利用轨道信息中的轨道高度和光速确定第二终端的空口时延。如此，可在未从第二终端获取第二终端的空口时延的情况下，确定第二终端的空口时延。
S401：第二终端向第一终端发送第一信息。
相应地，第一终端接收来自第二终端的第一信息。
其中，第一终端和第二终端之间可以采用前述的D2D技术或ProSe技术进行SL通信，如第二终端向第一终端发送第一信息。第二终端可以采用如前所述的模式A的方式，主动向第一终端发送作为公告消息(或发现消息)的第一信息，使得第一终端接收来自第二终端的第一信息。或者第二终端可以采用如前所述的模式B的方式，在接收来自第一终端的请求消息之后向该第一终端发送第一信息，具体可参照后面图5描述的通信方法。
可选地，第一信息由第二终端包含在信令消息(如发现消息)中发送，或者由第二终端通过用户面报文的形式发送至第一终端。
在一个示例中，当第二终端处于覆盖场景时，执行步骤S401。
可以理解，在该示例中，第一终端在接收来自第二终端的第一信息时，若第二终端处于覆盖场景，则第一终端可以通过第二终端与网络建立间接连接，能够进一步提高第一终端建立通信连接的成功率。
S402：第一终端根据第一信息，进入节能状态或采用第一方式访问网络。
其中，第一方式为直接通信方式或间接通信方式。也就是说，第一终端可以与提供覆盖可用信息的接入网建立直接连接，以实现UL通信或DL通信。第一终端或者可以通过第二终端与提供覆盖可用信息的接入网建立间接连接，即第一终端与第二终端建立SL通信，再通过该第二终端与提供覆盖可用信息的接入网建立的直接或间接的通信网络来实现第一终端与该接入网的连接。
下面结合不同的第一信息的不同体现方式来描述步骤S402。
在一个示例中，第一信息包括覆盖可用信息。具体地，步骤S402包括：第一终端可以根据覆盖可用信息，进入节能状态或采用第一方式访问网络。例如，当第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景时，第一终端采用直接或间接通信方式访问网络；或，当第一终端处于非覆盖场景或不处于覆盖场景时，第一终端进入节能状态。
可以理解，第一终端可以根据覆盖可用信息确定第一终端处于覆盖场景或非覆盖场景。当第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景时，第一终端可以采用直接或间接通信方式访问网络。例如，第一终端与该覆盖可用信息对应的接入网建立直接连接，即第一终端采用直接通信方式访问网络；再例如，第一终端通过第二终端与该覆盖可用信息对应的接入网建立间接连接，即第一终端采用间接通信方式访问网络。当第一终端处于非覆盖场景或不处于覆盖场景时，表示第一终端难以采用直接通信方式或间接通信方式访问网络，即无法建立通信连接，那么第一终端可以进入节能状态，从而避免第一终端在无法建立网络连接的情况下不断尝试建立网络连接，可实现节能。
进一步地，步骤S402包括：若第一终端根据覆盖可用信息确定第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景，则第一终端根据其他的第一信息确定第一方式；或，若第一终端根据覆盖可用信息确定第一终端处于非覆盖场景或不处于覆盖场景，则第一终端进入节能状态。对于确定第一方式的方法可参照上述的第一信息(如第二终端的空口时延、电池状态、网络访问方式等)采用的网络访问方式的描述，在此不再赘述。
在另一个示例中，第一信息包括覆盖可用信息和第二终端的空口时延。具体地，步骤S402包括：第一终端可以根据覆盖可用信息和/或第二终端的空口时延，采用第一方式访问网络或进入节能状态。例如，当第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景，且第二终端的空口时延满足预设的空口时延阈值时，通过第二终端采用间接通信方式访问网络；或，当第一终端处于非覆盖场景或不处于覆盖场景时，第一终端进入节能状态。
可以理解，当根据覆盖可用信息确定第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景，且第二终端的空口时延满足该空口时延阈值时，表示第一终端能够通过第二终端访问网络，第一终端可以采用间接通信方式访问网络。
再例如，假设第一终端和第二终端之间的距离较近，可以理解为第一终端的空口时延为第二终端的空口时延，此时，若第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景，且第二终端的空口时延满足预设的空口时延阈值，则第一终端可以采用直接通信方式访问网络。若第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景，且 第二终端的空口时延不满足预设的空口时延阈值，则第一终端采用直接通信方式访问网络或通过第二终端采用间接通信方式访问网络的通信时长较长，可以通过其他满足该空口时延阈值的终端采用间接通信方式访问网络。
在另一个示例中，第一信息包括覆盖可用信息和第二终端的电池状态。具体地，第一终端可以根据覆盖可用信息和/或第二终端的电池状态，采用第一方式访问网络或进入节能状态。例如，当第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景，且第二终端的电池状态满足预设的电池状态需求(如第一终端的电池状态需求)时，第一终端采用直接或间接通信方式访问网络；或，当第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景，且第二终端的电池状态不满足预设的电池状态需求时，第一终端采用直接通信方式访问网络或者采用其他的满足电池状态需求的终端实现间接通信方式访问网络；或，当第一终端处于非覆盖场景或不处于覆盖场景时，第一终端进入节能状态。
可以理解，当第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景，且第二终端的电池状态满足电池状态需求时，第一终端可以通过第二终端访问网络，即采用间接通信方式访问网络。此外，还可以依据其他信息确定采用直接通信方式访问网络，例如，第二终端不提供中继服务。当第一终端处于覆盖场景或不处于非覆盖场景，且第二终端的电池状态不满足该电池状态需求时，表示第二终端的电池状态不满足间接访问的要求，第一终端可以采用直接通信方式访问网络或者第一终端采用其他的能够满足电池状态需求的终端实现间接通信方式，如选取满足电池状态需求的第三终端作为目标终端，以使通过该目标终端访问网络。
当第一信息包括第二终端的网络访问方式时，可参照步骤S400中的描述第一终端根据第二终端的网络访问方式采用直接通信方式访问网络，或采用间接通信方式访问网络的描述。
当第一信息包括非地面网络设备的轨道信息时，可参照前述的根据第二终端的空口时延进入节能状态或采用第一方式访问网络的描述。其中，第二终端的空口时延可以根据非地面网络设备的轨道信息进行确定，其确定方法可参照前述，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，以上3个示例仅为一种可实现的方式。实际上，以上3个示例可以结合使用，如第一信息包括覆盖可用信息，以及第二终端的空口时延和电池状态时，可以结合3个示例以实现步骤S402。以上3个示例中的至少一个，还可以结合其他的信息使用。其中，其他的信息可以为第一终端是否支持直接通信方式，或是否支持间接通信方式。例如，若第一终端同时支持直接通信方式和间接通信方式，则可以执行步骤S402。或者若第一终端仅支持直接通信方式，则第一终端在处于覆盖场景时采用直接通信方式访问网络。或者若第一终端仅支持间接通信方式，则第一终端在处于覆盖场景时采用间接通信方式访问网络。
在图4所示的通信方法中，第二终端向第一终端发送第一信息。进而第一终端可以根据第一信息确定处于覆盖场景或非覆盖场景，并在不同的场景中进入节能状态，或采用直接通信方式或间接通信方式访问网络，可提高通信连接的成功率，利于终端节能。
可选地，在步骤S401之前，还可以包括图4未示出的步骤：第二终端向第一终端发送第二信息。
相应地，第一终端接收来自第二终端的第二信息。
其中，第二信息包括第一指示和/或第二终端的网络访问方式，即第二终端通过地面网络设备访问网络还是通过非地面网络设备访问网络。第一指示用于指示第二终端具有第一信息。
可以理解，在第二终端具有第一信息的情况下，可以执行步骤S401，以使第一终端接收来自第二终端的第一信息。第一终端可以参考第二终端的网络访问方式，确定对步骤S401中接收到的第一信息的处理方式。例如，当第一终端需要通过地面网络设备访问网络而第二终端设备通过非地面网络设备访问网络时，或者，当第一终端需要通过非地面网络设备访问网络而第一终端设备通过地面网络设备访问网络时，第一终端在接收到步骤S401中的第一信息时可以忽略第一信息。再例如，第一终端需要通过地面网络设备访问网络而第二终端设备通过地面网络设备访问网络时，或者，第一终端需要通过非地面网络设备访问网络而第二终端设备通过非地面网络设备访问网络时，第一终端在接收到步骤S401中的第一信息之后可以继续执行步骤S402。
可选地，第一指示和第二终端的网络访问方式可以单独发送给第一终端。或者可以将第一指示和第二终端的网络访问方式携带于第二信息中，通过信令消息或用户面报文的方式发送给第一终端。若第一信息包括第二终端的网络访问方式，可以不再发送第二终端的网络访问方式，或单独发送第一指示。
可以理解，第一终端可以参考第二终端的网络访问方式，确定是否向第二终端请求第一信息。
请再参照图5，图5是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的交互示意图。在图5所示的方法中，第一信息是在第二终端接收到第一终端的消息之后触发的。如图5所示，通信方法包括以下。
S500：第二终端获取第一信息。
其中，步骤S500可参照步骤S400的描述，在此不再赘述。
S501：第一终端向第二终端发送第一终端的网络连接需求和/或第三信息。
相应地，第二终端接收来自第一终端的第三信息和/或第一终端的网络连接需求。
其中，第三信息用于触发第二终端向第一终端发送第一信息。
S502：第一终端接收来自第二终端的第一信息。
相应地，第二终端向第一终端发送第一信息。
在一个示例中，网络连接需求可以包括以下至少一项：网络连接的时间需求、网络连接的位置需求、网络连接的电池状态需求、网络连接的轨道信息需求。
其中，网络连接的时间需求可以包括时间连接需求和/或空口时延需求。时间连接需求用于表示第一终端要求的网络连接时间，如第一终端的时间连接需求为9：00到10：00的时段内有网络连接需求(或通信需求)。该时间连接需求可以包含默认的位置需求，如前述的某位置。网络连接的位置需求用于表示第一终端要求的网络连接位置，如第一终端的位置需求为在当前位置或指定位置要求连接网络。该位置需求可以包含默认的时间连接需求，如前述的某时段。空口时延需求和电池状态需求可参照前述，轨道信息需求用于表示第一终端要求的网络连接的轨道信息或空口时延。
需要说明的是，时间连接需求中要求的网络连接时间可以为当前时间或未来时间，位置需求中要求的网络连接位置可以为当前位置或其它指定位置。也就是说，在第一终端向第二终端发送网络连接需求之后，第二终端可知第一终端的网络连接需求，根据网络连接需求确定是否向第一终端发送第一信息，若是，则执行步骤S502，使得第二终端向第一终端发送第一信息。例如，第二终端确定第一信息满足第一终端的网络连接需求时，执行步骤S502。
可选地，第一终端的网络连接需求和第三信息可以单独发送给第二终端。或者可以将第一终端的网络连接需求和第三信息携带于一消息中，通过信令消息或用户面报文的方式发送给第二终端。
可选地，第三信息包括第二指示，第二指示用于指示第二终端向第一终端发送第一信息。其中，第二指示可替换为请求消息，用于请求第二终端向第一终端发送第一信息。该请求消息可以为现有协议中特定的信息，如模式B中的请求消息。请求消息或者可以是新的消息，在此不做限定。可以理解，在第一终端向第二终端发送第二指示之后，可以触发第二终端执行步骤S502，使得第一终端接收来自第二终端的第一信息。
可选的，在步骤S501之前，该方法还可以包括图5未示出的步骤：第二终端向第一终端发送第一指示；步骤S501可以包括：第一终端根据第一指示，向第二终端发送第三信息。
其中，第一指示可参照前述，在此不再赘述。可以理解，在第一终端确定第二终端具有第一信息之后，可以向第二终端发送第三信息，以使第二终端向第一终端发送第一信息，可以提高数据传输的有效性。
S503：第一终端根据第一信息，进入节能状态或采用第一方式访问网络。
其中，步骤S503可参照步骤S402的描述，在此不再赘述。
在图5所示的通信方法中，在第一终端向第二终端发送第三信息之后，第二终端向第一终端发送第一信息，使得第一终端可以获取第一信息。其中，第一信息包括用于表示覆盖场景和/或非覆盖场景的位置和时段的覆盖可用信息。如此，第一终端可以根据第一信息确定其处于覆盖场景或非覆盖场景，并在不同的场景中进入节能状态或采用直接通信方式或间接通信方式访问网络，可提高通信连接的成功率，利于终端的节能。
在一个示例中，当第一方式为间接通信方式时，图4和图5所示的方法还可以包括：根据第一信息确定第二终端为第一终端的目标终端；采用第一方式访问网络包括：通过目标终端访问网络。
其中，目标终端是指间接通信方式访问网络时采用的第二终端。本申请对于确定目标终端的方法也不做限定，可以根据第一信息确定第二终端是否处于覆盖场景，若是，则可以确定第二终端为目标终端。或者，可以根据第一信息确定能够与网络建立间接连接的目标终端。
在一个示例中，根据第一信息确定第二终端为第一终端的目标终端包括：根据第一信息和第一终端的网络连接需求，确定第二终端为第一终端的目标终端。
其中，网络连接需求可参照前述，对于根据第一信息中的各类信息确定是否采用间接通信方式也可参照前述，在此不再赘述。在第一信息满足网络连接需求中对应的信息(如，空口时延满足空口时延需求、电池状态满足电池状态需求等)时，可以确定第二终端就是第一终端的目标终端。
在该示例中，根据第一信息和第一终端的网络连接需求确定第二终端为第一终端的目标终端，可理解为选择满足第一终端的网络连接需求的第二终端作为目标终端，提高了通过目标终端访问网络的成功率。如此，在连接成功之后，无需继续尝试连接，可实现节能。
需要说明的是，该示例可适用于单个第二终端的场景，即第二终端为目标终端。该示例还可适用于多个第二终端的场景，用于从多个第二终端中选取至少一个作为目标终端。
上述详细阐述了本申请实施例的方法，下面提供了本申请实施例的装置。
请参见图6，图6是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。该通信装置可以包括收发单元601和处理单元602。其中，收发单元601可以是具有信号的输入(接收)或者输出(发送)的装置，用于与其他设备或者设备中的其他器件进行信号的传输。处理单元602可以是具有处理功能的装置，可以包括一个或者多个处理器，用于执行指令(或代码或程序)，例如，对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理。该通信装置可以为终端，例如，第一终端或第二终端。本申请实施例中由终端执行的功能或者可以由终端中的装置来执行。
在一种可选地实现方式中，通信装置为第一终端，收发单元601用于接收来自第二终端的第一信息，所述第一信息包括覆盖可用信息，所述覆盖可用信息用于表示覆盖场景和/或非覆盖场景的位置和时段；处理单元602用于根据所述第一信息，进入节能状态或采用第一方式访问网络，所述第一方式为直接通信方式或间接通信方式。
在一些可行的示例中，所述覆盖可用信息为卫星覆盖可用信息。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第一信息还包括所述第二终端的信息，所述第二终端的信息包括以下至少一项：空口时延、电池状态、网络访问方式，所述网络访问方式为通过地面网络设备访问网络或通过非地面网络设备访问网络。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第一信息还包括非地面网络设备的轨道信息。
在一些可行的示例中，当所述第一方式为间接通信方式时，处理单元602还用于根据所述第一信息，确定所述第二终端为所述第一终端的目标终端；处理单元602具体用于通过所述目标终端访问网络。
在一些可行的示例中，处理单元602具体用于根据所述第一信息和所述第一终端的网络连接需求，确定所述第二终端为所述第一终端的目标终端。
在一些可行的示例中，所述网络连接需求包括以下至少一项：网络连接的时间需求、网络连接的位置需求、网络连接的电池状态需求、网络连接的轨道信息需求，所述网络连接的时间需求包括时间连接需求和/或空口时延需求，所述时间连接需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接时间，所述位置需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接位置。
在一些可行的示例中，收发单元601还用于接收来自所述第二终端的第二信息，所述第二信息包括第一指示和/或所述第二终端的网络访问方式，所述第一指示用于表示所述第二终端具有所述第一信息。
在一些可行的示例中，收发单元601还用于向所述第二终端发送第三信息和/或所述第一终端的网络连接需求，所述第三信息用于触发所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第三信息包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。
在另一种可选地实现方式中，通信装置为第二终端，收发单元601用于获取第一信息，所述第一信息包括覆盖可用信息，所述覆盖可用信息用于表示覆盖场景和/或非覆盖场景的位置和时段；以及向第一终端发送所述第一信息。
在一些可行的示例中，收发单元601具体用于当所述第二终端处于覆盖场景时，向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。
在一些可行的示例中，所述覆盖可用信息为卫星覆盖可用信息。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第一信息还包括所述第二终端的信息，所述第二终端的信息包括以下至少一项：空口时延、电池状态、网络访问方式，所述网络访问方式为通过地面网络设备访问网络或通过非地面网络设备访问网络。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第一信息还包括非地面网络设备的轨道信息。
在一些可行的示例中，收发单元601还用于向所述第一终端发送第二信息，所述第二信息包括第一指示和/或所述第二终端的网络访问方式，所述第一指示用于指示所述第二终端具有所述第一信息。
在一些可行的示例中，收发单元601还用于接收来自所述第一终端的第三信息和/或所述第一终端的网络连接需求，所述第三信息用于触发所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。
在一些可行的示例中，所述第三信息包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。
在一些可行的示例中，所述网络连接需求包括以下至少一项：网络连接的时间需求、网络连接的位置需求、网络连接的电池状态需求、网络连接的轨道信息需求，所述网络连接的时间需求包括时间连接需求和/或空口时延需求，所述时间连接需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接时间，所述位置需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接位置。
上述收发单元601和处理单元602的实现可以参考图4或图5所示的任一方法实施例的相关描述，这里不加赘述。
请参阅图7，图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。该通信装置可以是终端(如第一终端或第二终端等)或者可以是终端中的装置，用以实现方法实施例中描述的方法。
如图7所示，该通信装置可以包括处理器111和存储介质112。处理器111还可以称为处理单元，可以实现一定的控制功能。存储介质112还可以称为存储单元，或存储器。存储介质112上存有指令114。该指令114可在处理器111上被运行，使得通信装置执行本申请实施例中图4或图5描述的任一方法。
可选地，处理器111可以包括指令113，该指令113可以在处理器111上被运行，使得通信装置执行本申请实施例中图4或图5描述的任一方法。
以上实施例描述中的通信装置可以是终端，但本申请中描述的装置的范围并不限于此，该通信装置可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如，通信装置可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选地，该IC集合可以包括用于存储数据和/或指令的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
请参阅图8，图8是本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图。为了便于说明，图8仅示出了终端的主要部件。如图8所示，终端包括处理器、存储器、控制电路、天线、以及输入输出装置。处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对整个终端进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。存储器主要用于存储软件程序和数据。射频电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。
当终端开机后，处理器可以读取存储单元中的软件程序，解析并执行软件程序的指令，处理软件程序的数据。当需要通过无线发送数据时，处理器对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行处理后得到射频信号并将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到终端时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，该射频信号被进一步转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器，处理器将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。
为了便于说明，图8仅示出了一个存储器和处理器。在实际的终端中，可以存在多个处理器和存储器。存储器还可以称为存储介质或者存储设备等，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
在一个实施例中，天线用于执行上述实施例中收发单元601执行的操作。处理器用于执行上述实施例中处理单元602执行的操作。该终端还可以用于执行上述图4或图5方法实施例中第一终端或第二终端执行的方法，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时可以实现上述方法实施例提供的通信方法中与第一终端或第二终端相关的流程。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品用于存储计算机程序，当计算机程序在计算机(或处理器)上运行时，使得计算机执行上述任一个通信方法中的一个或多个步骤。上述所涉及的设备的各组成模块如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在计算机可读取存储介质中。
本申请实施例提供一种芯片，包括处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行存储器中存储的指令，使得安 装有芯片的通信装置执行上述任一方法。
本申请实施例还提供另一种芯片，包括：输入接口、输出接口和处理电路，输入接口、输出接口与电路之间通过内部连接通路相连，处理电路用于执行上述任一方法。可选地，芯片还包括存储器。输入接口、输出接口、处理器以及存储器之间通过内部连接通路相连，处理器用于执行存储器中的代码，当代码被执行时，处理器用于执行上述任一方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，通信接口和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，至少一个处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以执行包括上述任意方法。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，或者可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统，该系统包括第一终端和第二终端，具体描述可以参考图4或图5所示的任一方法。
本申请实施例还提供另一种通信系统，该系统包括第一终端、第二终端和接入网，具体描述可以参考图4或图5所示的方法。
应理解，本申请实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)、固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)、ROM、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是RAM，其用作外部高速缓存。存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。
还应理解，本申请实施例中提及的处理器可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器或者可以是任何常规的处理器等。
需要说明的是，当处理器为通用处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件时，存储器(存储模块)集成在处理器中。
应注意，本文描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所提供的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，或者可以是各个单元单独物理存在，或者可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
本申请实施例方法中的步骤可以根据实际需要进行顺序调整、合并和删减。每个实施例的步骤可以部分执行(比如，终端可以不执行上述实施例中由终端执行的步骤)。不同步骤的执行顺序可以变更。本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合，不同实施例之间可以相互结合，本文的不同实施例的不同步骤可以结合。
本申请实施例装置中的模块/单元可以根据实际需要进行合并、划分和删减。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
本申请中可以是指通信协议或者说规范，例如3GPP通信协议。
本申请实施例中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
在本申请实施例中，“包括”可以是包含关系，或者可以是相等关系。比如，A包括B，可以是A包含B之外还可以包含其他内容，或者，A和B为同一内容。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示前后关联的对象是一种“或”的关系，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；本申请中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。并且，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，或者可以是多个。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。本申请实施例公开了一种通信方法及相关装置，能够缓解接入网设备缓存终端设备的下行数据的负担。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于第一终端，所述方法包括：
    接收来自第二终端的第一信息，所述第一信息包括覆盖可用信息，所述覆盖可用信息用于表示覆盖场景和/或非覆盖场景的位置和时段；
    根据所述第一信息，进入节能状态，或采用第一方式访问网络，所述第一方式为直接通信方式或间接通信方式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述覆盖可用信息为卫星覆盖可用信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息还包括所述第二终端的信息，所述第二终端的信息包括以下至少一项：空口时延、电池状态、网络访问方式，所述网络访问方式为通过地面网络设备访问网络或通过非地面网络设备访问网络。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息还包括非地面网络设备的轨道信息。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一方式为间接通信方式时，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第一信息，确定所述第二终端为所述第一终端的目标终端；
    所述采用第一方式访问网络，包括：
    通过所述目标终端访问网络。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一信息，确定所述第二终端为所述第一终端的目标终端，包括：
    根据所述第一信息和所述第一终端的网络连接需求，确定所述第二终端为所述第一终端的目标终端。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络连接需求包括以下至少一项：网络连接的时间需求、网络连接的位置需求、网络连接的电池状态需求、网络连接的轨道信息需求；
    其中，所述网络连接的时间需求包括时间连接需求和/或空口时延需求，所述时间连接需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接时间，所述位置需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接位置。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第二终端的第二信息，所述第二信息包括第一指示和/或所述第二终端的网络访问方式，所述第一指示用于指示所述第二终端具有所述第一信息。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述接收来自第二终端的第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第二终端发送所述第一终端的网络连接需求和/或第三信息，所述第三信息用于触发所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三信息包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。
  11. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于第二终端，所述方法包括：
    获取第一信息，所述第一信息包括覆盖可用信息，所述覆盖可用信息用于表示覆盖场景和/或非覆盖场景的位置和时段；
    向第一终端发送所述第一信息。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述向第一终端发送所述第一信息，包括：
    当所述第二终端处于覆盖场景时，向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述覆盖可用信息为卫星覆盖可用信息。
  14. 根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息还包括所述第二终端的信息，所述第二终端的信息包括以下至少一项：空口时延、电池状态、网络访问方式，所述网络访问方式为通过地面网络设备访问网络或通过非地面网络设备访问网络。
  15. 根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息还包括所述非地面网络设备的轨道信息。
  16. 根据权利要求11至15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一终端发送第二信息，所述第二信息包括第一指示和/或所述第二终端的网络访问方式，所 述第一指示用于指示所述第二终端具有所述第一信息。
  17. 根据权利要求11至16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述向第一终端发送所述第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述第一终端的第三信息和/或所述第一终端的网络连接需求，所述第三信息用于触发所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三信息包括第二指示，所述第二指示用于指示所述第二终端向所述第一终端发送所述第一信息。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络连接需求包括以下至少一项：网络连接的时间需求、网络连接的位置需求、网络连接的电池状态需求、网络连接的轨道信息需求；
    其中，所述网络连接的时间需求包括时间连接需求和/或空口时延需求，所述时间连接需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接时间，所述位置需求用于表示所述第一终端要求的网络连接位置。
  20. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法中的单元，或者包括用于执行如权利要求11至19中任一项所述的方法中的单元。
  21. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储介质，所述存储介质存储有指令，所述指令被所述处理器运行时，使得如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法被实现，或者使得如权利要求11至19任一项所述的方法被实现。
  22. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质包括指令，当所述指令被处理器运行时，使得如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法被实现，或者使得如权利要求11至19中任一项所述的方法被实现。
  23. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法，或者所述方法包括如权利要求11至19中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述通信系统包括第一终端和第二终端，所述第一终端用于执行如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法，所述第二终端用于执行如权利要求11至19中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品用于存储计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法，或者使得所述计算机执行如权利要求11至19中任一项所述的方法。
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