WO2024256448A1 - Dispositif de microcellules d'électrophorèse à flux libre et ses utilisations - Google Patents
Dispositif de microcellules d'électrophorèse à flux libre et ses utilisations Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024256448A1 WO2024256448A1 PCT/EP2024/066202 EP2024066202W WO2024256448A1 WO 2024256448 A1 WO2024256448 A1 WO 2024256448A1 EP 2024066202 W EP2024066202 W EP 2024066202W WO 2024256448 A1 WO2024256448 A1 WO 2024256448A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
- G01N27/44756—Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G01N27/44769—Continuous electrophoresis, i.e. the sample being continuously introduced, e.g. free flow electrophoresis [FFE]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
- G01N27/44704—Details; Accessories
- G01N27/44743—Introducing samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
- G01N27/44756—Apparatus specially adapted therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
- G01N27/44704—Details; Accessories
- G01N27/44708—Cooling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a free-flow electrophoresis microcell device and uses thereof.
- High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and zone electrophoresis using a support are techniques for the analytical and/or preparative separation of molecules, in particular biomolecules, present in a mixture.
- HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography
- zone electrophoresis using a support are techniques for the analytical and/or preparative separation of molecules, in particular biomolecules, present in a mixture.
- the need for a stationary phase for chromatography used in industrial processes for separation and/or purification induces significant costs, and that of the support for zone electrophoresis limits its use on an industrial scale as a preparative method in terms of cost and quantity.
- One of the aims of the invention is to provide a device for purifying and/or separating molecules by free-flow electrophoresis that can operate in continuous flow and on an industrial scale.
- Another aim of the invention is a method for purifying and/or separating molecules, in particular biomolecules, that can be adapted to an industrial scale.
- Another aim of the invention is a method for setting up such a device on an industrial scale.
- a first subject of the present invention is a free-flow electrophoresis microcell device comprising a vertical succession of plates X, Y, Z whose surfaces are stacked according to the sequence YZY(XYZY)p, in which X represents an electrophoresis plate (1) made of inert material, Y represents a sealed plate (2) made of an inert, electrically insulating and thermally conductive material, made of sapphire or alumina Al 2 O 3 with 99% ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , Z represents a cooling plate (3) comprising a heat transfer system (4), p, an integer from 1 to 100, represents both the number of stages of said device and the number of plates X, each stage (5) being defined: - by the following sequence of plates YZYXYZY, in which: - the plate X is located between two plates Y, - each of the two plates Z being respectively adjacent to a plate Y, - and each of the two plates Y located at the ends of the sequence YZ
- free-flow electrophoresis means electrophoresis that does not use a stationary phase, i.e. without the use of a solid phase serving as a support for the migration of species during electrophoresis.
- plate means a rigid element, generally in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, in which at least two faces are parallel to each other and the latter mainly represent the total area of this element, namely the area of said two parallel faces to each other represents more than half of this total area. These two faces are called “surfaces” or “lower or upper surfaces” of the plate. The distance between these two surfaces of the plate defines the thickness of the plate.
- vertical succession of plates means a stack of plates, in which the surfaces of the different plates are in contact.
- electrophoresis plate means the plate, called X, containing the i electrophoresis chambers (Fi).
- the plate X is made of a material that is inert with respect to electrophoresis.
- electrophore chamber means a portion of the electrophoresis plate X comprising: - a recessed portion in the electrophoresis plate X, delimited by side walls, and - inlets and outlets located in the side walls of said recessed portion.
- the electrophoresis chamber is the portion of the plate X in which free-flow electrophoresis takes place.
- the "electrophoresis cell” is a constituent unit of the device.
- the electrophoresis cell comprises an electrophoresis chamber, the walls of the plates Y closing the electrophoresis chamber and the supply and recovery channels connected to the inlets and outlets of said electrophoresis chamber.
- the electrophoresis cell comprises the recessed portion closed by the side walls in the plate X and those of the plates Y, the inlets and outlets of the recessed portion and the supply and recovery channels.
- a device consisting of an electrophoresis cell is called an "electrophoresis chip".
- cooling plate is meant the plate, named Z, containing a heat transfer system.
- the heat transfer system has the function of transporting a heat transfer fluid in order to allow temperature control.
- the heat transfer system is for example made up of a network of channels formed by recesses in the plate Z.
- each X plate is located between two Y plates, which ensure the sealing of the electrophoresis chambers of the X plate.
- each Z plate is located between two Y plates, which ensure the sealing of the heat transfer system of the Z plate.
- the Y plate is made of inert, electrically insulating and thermally conductive material in order to ensure the chemical and electrical inertia of the device necessary for the free-flow electrophoresis process and to ensure the thermal conductivity between the heat transfer systems and the electrophoresis chambers to allow the temperature of the device to be controlled.
- the Y plate is made of sapphire or alumina Al2O3 with 99% ⁇ -Al2O3.
- the Y plates are made of sapphire.
- the Y plates are made of alumina Al2O3 with 99% ⁇ -Al2O3.
- “sapphire” is meant a material consisting of corundum, i.e. an alumina Al 2 O 3 comprising 99% by weight of the ⁇ -Al2O3 phase.
- the Y plate has a Mohs hardness of 9 (Coridon), a thermal conductivity of 30 W/m/K to 50 W/m/K.
- the Y plate has a high mechanical resistance.
- the Y sapphire plate is supplied by Saint-Gobain (Luxium Solutions).
- the sapphire plate has the advantage of being transparent.
- the device consists of a succession of stacked plates clamped by clamping means, in which the surfaces of the adjacent plates are in direct contact.
- the adjacent plates are contiguous plates.
- Each plate in the device has at most two adjacent plates, i.e. two neighboring plates, arranged on either side of said plate.
- a stage of the present device consists of a succession of plates stacked according to the following sequence of plates YZYXYZY.
- the number of plates X defines the number of stages of the device.
- Each stage comprises a plate X surrounded by two cooling plates Z, each of the plates X and Z being adjacent to two plates Y in order to ensure the sealing of the heat transfer systems of the plates Z and the i electrophoresis chambers of the plate X and the thermal conductivity between the plate X and the cooling plates.
- the plates X and Z are separated by a plate Y so that the fluid of the heat transfer system of the plates Z and the fluids circulating in the electrophoresis chamber of the plate X are separated and do not communicate fluidically, the exchanges taking place being solely of a thermal nature.
- the YZY sequence plates located between two X plates are common to two successive stages.
- the central YZY sequence is common to both stages.
- the two central YZY sequences are common to two successive stages, respectively to the first and second stages and to the second and third stages.
- the device advantageously comprises from 1 to 100 electrophoresis chambers per electrophoresis plate distributed in the stages. In the X plate of each stage, the chambers are advantageously organized in rows.
- the range from “1 to 100” includes the integers in the following ranges: from 1 to 10; from 10 to 20; from 20 to 30; from 30 to 40; from 40 to 50; from 50 to 60; from 60 to 70; from 70 to 80; from 80 to 90; from 90 to 100, in particular the following numbers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 and 100.
- the electrophoresis chamber in which the free-flow electrophoresis is carried out comprises a hollowed-out portion of a plate X, closed by the side walls in the plate X, said hollowed-out portion being in the general shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.
- a rectangular parallelepiped in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped is meant that this hollowed-out part is generally inscribed in a rectangular parallelepiped of length Loe, width Lae and height h corresponding to the thickness of the plate X (figure 2). No account is taken in defining the general shape of the hollowed-out part of any means present in the electrophoresis chamber such as the channeling means present at the inlets and outlets and the protuberances.
- the rectangular parallelepiped comprises four lateral faces (a, b, c, d) and two faces (e, f), respectively lower and upper (figure 2).
- the lateral faces (a, b) are parallel to each other and of the same dimensions.
- Face (a) is delimited by two edges (A1, A2) of dimension Lae, spaced apart by h.
- Face (b) is delimited by two edges (B1, B2) of dimension Lae, spaced apart by h.
- the lateral faces (c, d) are parallel to each other and of the same dimensions.
- Face (c) is delimited by two edges (C1, C2) of dimension Loe, spaced h apart.
- Face (d) is delimited by two edges (D1, D2) of dimension Loe, spaced h apart.
- the upper (e) and lower (f) faces are parallel to each other and of the same dimensions. They constitute the surfaces framing the hollowed-out part, dug in the plate X.
- the face (e) is delimited by the edges (A1, B1, C1, D1) forming a rectangle of width Lae and length Loe.
- the face (f) is delimited by the edges (A2, B2, C2, D2) forming a rectangle of width Lae and length Loe.
- the height h corresponds to the thickness of the plate X, and to the height of the electrophoresis chamber and the hollowed-out part of the electrophoresis chamber.
- the height h is from 100 ⁇ m to 20 mm.
- the range from 25 ⁇ m to 20 mm includes the following ranges: from 25 to 50 ⁇ m; from 50 to 75 ⁇ m; from 75 to 100 ⁇ m; from 100 to 200 ⁇ m; from 200 to 300 ⁇ m; from 300 to 400 ⁇ m; from 400 to 500 ⁇ m; from 500 to 600 ⁇ m; from 600 to 700 ⁇ m; from 700 to 800 ⁇ m; from 800 to 900 ⁇ m; from 900 ⁇ m to 1.0 mm; from 1.0 to 2.0 mm; from 2.0 to 3.0 mm; from 3.0 to 4.0 mm; from 4.0 to 5.0 mm; from 5.0 to 6.0 mm; from 6.0 to 7.0 mm; from 7.0 to 8.0 mm; from 8.0 to 9.0 mm; from 9.0 to 10.0 mm; from 10.0 to 11.0 mm; from 11.0 to 12.0 mm; from 12.0 to 13.0 mm; from 13.0 to 14.0 mm; from 14.0 to 15.0 mm; from 15.0 to 16.0 mm; from 16.0
- the height h is from 25 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the height h is from 1.0 to 5.0 mm.
- inlet is meant a passage allowing the flow of a liquid fluid to circulate, from the outside to the inside of a system containing a closed hollow part, configured to contain said fluid, for example such as the electrophoresis chamber or the heat transfer system.
- outlet is meant a passage allowing the flow of a liquid fluid to circulate, from the inside to the outside of a system containing a closed hollow part, configured to contain said fluid, for example such as the electrophoresis chamber or the heat transfer system.
- the n inlets in the hollow part of the electrophoresis chamber are distributed successively, respectively referenced E(1) to E(n), i.e. E(1), E(2) to E(n-1), E(n).
- the number of inlets n varies from 4 to 9, i.e. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, preferably 5 or 6.
- the inlets E(1) to E(n) are located between the edges A1 and A2 and aligned in a direction parallel to A1 and A2, advantageously at a substantially equal distance from each other.
- aligned we mean that the inlets, respectively the outlets, are close to the same straight line.
- the inlets can therefore be positioned slightly in front or behind the face (a) and/or slightly above or below one another.
- the positioning of the inlets is configured to introduce the different flows into the electrophoresis chamber so as to allow their circulation in the chamber parallel to the edge C1.
- the m outlets are distributed successively, respectively referenced S(1) to S(m), i.e. S(1), S(2) to S(m-1), S(m).
- the number of outlets m varies from 4 to 12, i.e. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, preferably 5 or 7.
- the inlets S(1) to S(m) are located between the edges B1 and B2 and aligned in a direction parallel to B1 and B2, advantageously at a substantially equal distance from each other.
- the inlets E(1) and E(n) are located near the two ends of the edges A1 and A2, i.e.
- the outlets S(1) and S(m) are located near the two ends of the edges B1 and B2, i.e. as close as possible to the faces (c) or (d).
- the inlet E(1) is configured for the introduction of a liquid cathode.
- the outlet S(1) is configured for the discharge of the liquid cathode after circulation in the electrophoresis chamber.
- the inlet E(n) is configured for the introduction of a liquid anode.
- the outlet S(m) is configured for the discharge of the liquid anode after circulation in the electrophoresis chamber.
- the inlets and outlets of a chamber are configured so that E(1) faces E(n) and S(1) faces S(m) so as to induce the electric field in the electrophoresis chamber between the liquid anode and the liquid cathode during the circulation of the fluids in order to allow the implementation of the electrophoresis.
- the liquid anode and the liquid cathode are electrolyte solutions, i.e. solutions comprising ions.
- liquid cathode is meant an electrolyte solution configured to play the role of a cathode during the electrophoresis.
- a “liquid anode” means an electrolyte solution configured to act as an anode during electrophoresis.
- the presence of the liquid cathode and the liquid anode allows an electric field to be generated in the electrophoresis chamber when the electrolytic solutions are charged.
- the liquid cathode and the liquid anode are electrolytic solutions, capable of generating an electric field, which can be increased or decreased by the action of the generator that charges the liquid anode and the liquid cathode and/or with an increase in the concentration of the ions.
- One of the inputs E(2) to E(n-1) is configured for the introduction into the electrophoresis chamber of the solution to be purified and/or separated.
- One of the outputs S(2) to S(m-1) is configured for the recovery of the purified and/or separated solution after the electrophoresis process implemented in the electrophoresis chamber.
- At least one of the inputs E(2) to E(n-1), distinct from the input of the solution to be purified and/or separated, is configured for the introduction of a buffer solution into the electrophoresis chamber.
- the inlets and outlets of the electrophoresis chamber are connected by channels to supply or recovery circuits, configured for microfluidic or millifluidic circulation of the fluid flows.
- microfluidic circuit is understood to mean a set of channels with a cross-section of dimensions of the order of a micrometer.
- millifluidic circuit is understood to mean a set of channels with a cross-section of dimensions of the order of a millimeter.
- the inlets E(1) to E(n) are connected by supply channels to supply circuits.
- the outlets S(1) to S(m) are connected by recovery channels to recovery circuits.
- the device of the present invention comprises channels connecting: - the inlets E(1) of each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) to a micro/millifluidic circuit for supplying a liquid cathode, - the inlets E(n) of each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) to a micro/millifluidic circuit for supplying a liquid anode, - at least one of the inlets E(2) to E(n-1) of each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) to a micro/millifluidic circuit for supplying an initial solution containing a product to be purified and/or separated, - the other remaining inlets of each electrophoresis chamber to micro/millifluidic circuits for supplying at least one buffer solution, - the outlets S(1) of each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) to a micro/millifluidic circuit for recovering the liquid cathode, after circulation in the electrophoresis chamber, - the outlets S(
- the device of the present invention is configured to, in the presence of an electric field applied parallel to A1 and perpendicular to C1, and in operation for each electrophoresis chamber (Fi) - circulate the liquid cathode from the inlet E(1) to the outlet S(1), along the face (c) - circulate the liquid anode from the inlet E(n) to the outlet S(m), along the face (d) - circulate in the electrophoresis chamber (Fi), between the liquid cathode and the liquid anode, from the inlets E(2) to E(n-1) to the outlets S(2) to S(m-1), the solution containing the product to be separated and/or purified and at least one buffer solution, - recover at one of the outlets S(2) to S(m-1) of each electrophoresis chamber in a recovery circuit the purified and/or separated product contained in said initial solution.
- the inventors have surprisingly found that the introduction of a cooling circuit with the use of sapphire or alumina Al 2 O 3 plates with 99% ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 as a means of separation between the heat transfer system and the electrophoresis chambers induces excellent temperature control and its homogeneity in such a way that it allows: - a thickness h of the electrophoresis chambers constituting the device that can vary from micrometer to millimeter and thus the increase in the processing capacity of the solutions to be purified or separated, - a purification and/or separation of the heat-sensitive molecules, - an introduction of a temperature gradient in the i electrophoresis chambers.
- the nature of the materials of the plates Y which are made of sapphire or alumina Al 2 O 3 with 99% ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 is an essential characteristic of the device of the invention. Indeed, temperature control is a critical parameter in the free-flow electrophoresis process, in particular to maintain a laminar flow system, in addition to the protein denaturation aspect.
- temperature control is a critical parameter in the free-flow electrophoresis process, in particular to maintain a laminar flow system, in addition to the protein denaturation aspect.
- the use of a cooling circuit using glass, quartz, ceramic or thermoplastic separation plates in the devices described in the application WO 2019/077134 A1 is not efficient enough to achieve thicknesses of electrophoresis chambers of the order of a millimeter, in particular due to the low thermal conductivity of the plates.
- glass plates have a thermal conductivity of the order of 1 W/(mK) which is 40 times lower than that of the sapphire used in the present invention.
- the plates framing the microfluidic circuit have the sole function of protecting the film in which the microfluidic circuit is etched.
- the use of the sapphire Y plate makes it possible to have a robust and sealed device which allows disassembly and reassembly, by facilitating the washing of the parts of the device and its maintenance.
- the modularity of the device allows the Y and Z plates to be reused.
- the mechanical strength of the sapphire allows an assembly system, allowing significant pressure of the flows in the device while ensuring excellent sealing between each stage, which is not the case for glass which scratches and cracks very easily under slight pressure; in the presence of water, the crack in the glass can propagate throughout the cell and cause significant sealing problems.
- the use of the sapphire Y plates, as adjacent plates closing a fluid circuit allows robustness and temperature control in the device thanks to the thermal conductivity of the sapphire.
- the number m of outlets is equal to or greater than the number of inlets n in order to induce a finer separation of the product to be separated or purified.
- the number m of outlets is greater than the number n of inlets. The multiplication of the outlets refines the recovery possibilities.
- n is equal to 5 and m is equal to 5.
- n is equal to 5 and m is equal to 7.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, comprising recovery channels configured to connect: - the output S(1) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro/millifluidic circuit for recovering the liquid cathode, - the output S(m) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro/millifluidic circuit for recovering the liquid anode, - one of the outputs S(2) to S(m-1) of each electrophoresis chamber to a micro/millifluidic circuit for recovering the purified and/or separated product contained in said initial solution, - the other remaining outputs of each electrophoresis chamber to at least one micro/millifluidic circuit for recovering the at least one buffer solution.
- the recovery channels of the device are configured to recover, after circulation in the electrophoresis chambers, the liquid cathode, the liquid anode, the buffer solution(s) and the purified and/or separated product contained in said initial solution. These recoveries take place in four separate recovery circuits, so that, in the electrophoresis chambers of the device, the liquid anode and the liquid cathode are not in contact to maintain the electric field before or during the recovery of the purified and/or separated product at the outlet. These recovery channels are also configured to separately recover the purified and/or separated product and the at least one buffer solution used.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which p is equal to 1 and i is equal to 1, comprising a single electrophoresis plate comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, in particular with a height h of 25 to 200 ⁇ m or from 1.0 to 5.0 mm.
- This device of the invention in which p is equal to 1 and i is equal to 1, consists of the following sequence of plates YZYXYZY, comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, advantageously with a height h of 25 to 200 ⁇ m or from 1.0 to 5.0 mm. It constitutes a laboratory tool. It advantageously makes it possible to determine the influence of the various parameters such as the nature of the buffer, the electric field, the temperature, the number and distribution of the inlets and outlets of the electrophoresis chamber, in order to optimize the conditions for purifying and separating a solution to be purified or separated.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which p is equal to 1 and i varies from 2 to 10, comprising a single electrophoresis plate X comprising from 2 to 10 electrophoresis chambers, preferably 10 electrophoresis chambers.
- This device according to the invention in which p is equal to 1 and i varies from 2 to 10, consists of the following sequence of plates YZYXYZY, namely a single stage comprising at least two electrophoresis chambers, preferably 10 electrophoresis chambers.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which p varies from 2 to 10 and i varies from 2 to 10, comprising from 2 to 10 X-ray electrophoresis plates and each X-ray electrophoresis plate comprising from 2 to 10 electrophoresis chambers, in particular p is equal to 10 and i is equal to 10.
- the height of the electrophoresis chambers is from 1.0 to 20 mm, in particular from 1.0 to 5.0 mm, preferably from 1.0 to 2.0 mm.
- This device is an industrial free-flow electrophoresis device consisting of several stages and several electrophoresis chambers per stage which makes it possible to continuously separate and/or purify a solution which can reach from 1 to 5 liters per hour of solution to be purified or separated, namely to allow use on an industrial scale.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 650 ⁇ m to 20 mm, in particular from 650 ⁇ m to 10.0 mm, preferably from 650 to 5.0 mm, preferentially from 650 ⁇ m to 2.0 mm.
- the range from 650 ⁇ m to 2.0 mm includes the following ranges: from 650 to 700 ⁇ m; from 700 to 750 ⁇ m; from 750 to 800 ⁇ m; from 800 to 850 ⁇ m; from 850 to 900 ⁇ m; from 900 to 950 ⁇ m; from 950 ⁇ m to 1.0 mm; from 1.0 to 1.1 mm; 1.1 to 1.2 mm; 1.2 to 1.3 mm; 1.3 to 1.4 mm; 1.4 to 1.5 mm; 1.5 to 1.6 mm; 1.6 to 1.7 mm; 1.7 to 1.8 mm; 1.8 to 1.9 mm; 1.9 to 2.0 mm.
- the range from 650 ⁇ m to 5.0 mm includes the following ranges: 650 to 2.0 mm; 2.0 to 2.1 mm; 2.1 to 2.2 mm; 2.2 to 2.3 mm; 2.3 to 2.4 mm; 2.4 to 2.5 mm; 2.5 to 2.6 mm; 2.6 to 2.7 mm; 2.7 to 2.8 mm; 2.8 to 2.9 mm; 2.9 to 3.0 mm; 3.0 to 3.1 mm; 3.1 to 3.2 mm; 3.2 to 3.3 mm; 3.3 to 3.4 mm; 3.4 to 3.5 mm; 3.5 to 3.6 mm; 3.6 to 3.7 mm; 3.7 to 3.8 mm; 3.8 to 3.9 mm; 3.9 to 4.0 mm; 4.0 to 4.1 mm; 4.1 to 4.2 mm; 4.2 to 4.3 mm; 4.3 to 4.4 mm; 4.4 to 4.5 mm; 4.5 to 4.6 mm; 4.6 to 4.7 mm; 4.7 to 4.8 mm; 4.8 to 4.9 mm
- the 650 ⁇ m to 10.0 mm range includes the following ranges: 650 to 5.0 mm; 5.0 to 5.5 mm; 5.5 to 6.0 mm; 6.0 to 6.5 mm; 6.5 to 7.0 mm; 7.0 to 7.5 mm; 7.5 to 8.0 mm; 8.0 to 8.5 mm; 8.5 to 9.0 mm; 9.0 to 9.5 mm; 9.5 to 10.0 mm.
- the 650 ⁇ m to 20.0 mm range includes the following ranges: 650 to 10.0 mm; 10.0 to 11.0 mm; 11.0 to 12.0 mm; 12.0 to 13.0 mm; from 13.0 to 14.0 mm; from 14.0 to 15.0 mm; from 15.0 to 16.0 mm; from 16.0 to 17.0 mm; from 17.0 to 18.0 mm; from 18.0 to 19.0 mm; from 19.0 to 20.0 mm.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 25 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m or from 1.0 to 5.0 mm.
- the range of "25 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m” includes the following ranges: from 25 to 50 ⁇ m; from 50 to 75 ⁇ m; from 75 to 100 ⁇ m; from 100 to 125 ⁇ m; 125 to 150 ⁇ m; 150 to 175 ⁇ m; 175 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the range of “1.0 to 5.0 mm” includes the following ranges: 1.0 to 1.1 mm; 1.1 to 1.2 mm; 1.2 to 1.3 mm; 1.3 to 1.4 mm; 1.4 to 1.5 mm; 1.5 to 1.6 mm; 1.6 to 1.7 mm; 1.7 to 1.8 mm; 1.8 to 1.9 mm; 1.9 to 2.0 mm; 2.0 to 2.1 mm; 2.1 to 2.2 mm; 2.2 to 2.3 mm; 2.3 to 2.4 mm; 2.4 to 2.5 mm; 2.5 to 2.6 mm; 2.6 to 2.7 mm; 2.7 to 2.8 mm; 2.8 to 2.9 mm; 2.9 to 3.0 mm; 3.0 to 3.1 mm; 3.1 to 3.2 mm; 3.2 to 3.3 mm; 3.3 to 3.4 mm; 3.4 to 3.5 mm; 3.5 to 3.6 mm; 3.6 to 3.7 mm; 3.7 to 3.8 mm; 3.8 to 3.9 mm; 3.9 to 4.0 mm; 4.0 to
- a device comprising electrophoresis chambers in particular a device comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, having a height of 25 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m or 1.0 to 5.0 mm, is advantageous for carrying out preliminary tests to determine the influence of the various parameters and to optimize the characteristics of the device.
- the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is constant throughout the system. "A height of 25 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m” means a height of constant value, said value being chosen between 25 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m. Likewise for "a height of 1.0 to 5.0 mm", a constant height chosen between 1.0 and 5.0 mm is meant.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm, in particular from 1.0 to 2.0 mm.
- the use of a device having a height of the order of millimeters is advantageous for achieving industrial quantities for the purification of products.
- a device with 10 to 30 chambers with heights of 2 mm makes it possible to obtain 100 to 300 kg/year of purified product.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 650 ⁇ m to 20 mm, in particular from 650 ⁇ m to 10.0 mm, preferably from 650 to 5.0 mm, preferentially from 650 ⁇ m to 2.0 mm, or in which the height h of the electrophoresis chamber is from 25 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m or from 1.0 to 5.0 mm.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the i electrophoresis chambers of each X plate are adjacent to each other by the faces (c) or (d) of each hollowed-out part.
- Two electrophoresis chambers adjacent along the faces (c) and (d) therefore have a common wall between the two chambers.
- the chambers, adjacent along the faces (c) and (d), in the same X electrophoresis plate constitute a row of electrophoresis chambers.
- the row configuration of the chambers optimizes the use of the X plates in terms of surface area and facilitates their manufacture and machining. It also makes it possible to optimize the arrangement of the distribution channels and the cooling systems, for example by pooling the latter.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the inputs E(1) for two adjacent chambers are supplied by the same distribution channel.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the inlets of two adjacent chambers are symmetrical. They are symmetrical with respect to the wall separating them, namely the face (c) or (d).
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the ratio between the length Loe and the width Lae of the hollowed-out part is from 2 to 15.
- the ratio between the length Loe and the width Lae of the hollowed-out part is chosen to be able to allow the migration of the product to be purified.
- it is chosen independently of the electrophoretic mobility of the product to be purified or separated so that the device can be used for several types of products.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, wherein the width Lae of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber is from 1.0 to 8.0 cm, preferably from 1.0 to 5.0 cm.
- the range of "1.0 to 8.0 cm” includes the ranges: from 1.0 to 2.0 cm; from 2.0 to 3.0 cm; from 3.0 to 4.0 cm; from 4.0 to 5.0 cm; from 5.0 to 6.0 cm; from 6.0 to 7.0 cm; from 7.0 to 8.0 cm.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, wherein the length Loe of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber is from 5.0 to 20.0 cm, preferably from 5.0 to 15.0 cm.
- the range of "5.0 to 20.0 cm” includes the ranges: 5.0 to 6.0 cm; 6.0 to 7.0 cm; 7.0 to 8.0 cm; 8.0 to 9.0 cm; 9.0 to 10.0 cm; 10.0 to 11.0 cm; 11.0 to 12.0 cm; 12.0 to 13.0 cm; 13.0 to 14.0 cm; 14.0 to 15.0 cm; 15.0 to 16.0 cm; 16.0 to 17.0 cm; 17.0 to 18.0 cm; 18.0 to 19.0 cm; 19.0 to 20.0 cm.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the X-ray electrophoresis plates are made of a material selected from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) and fluoroethylene propylene (FEP), in particular Teflon TM , Teflon TM -PFA and Teflon TM -FEP plates.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PFA perfluoroalkoxy
- FEP fluoroethylene propylene
- Teflon TM Teflon TM -PFA
- Teflon TM -FEP plates Teflon TM -FEP plates.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which in each X-ray electrophoresis plate a portion of said plate is configured to leave room for a fluid circuit of supply and recovery channels, which is partially or completely etched, cut or pierced in the X-ray plate.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the i electrophoresis chambers of each X-plate are adjacent to each other by the faces (c) or (d) of each recessed portion, and/or in which the width Lae of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber is from 1.0 to 8.0 cm, preferably from 1.0 to 5.0 cm, and/or in which the length Loe of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber is from 5.0 to 20.0 cm, preferably from 5.0 to 15.0 cm, and/or in which the X-electrophoresis plates are made of a material selected from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) and fluoroethylene propylene (FEP), in particular Teflon TM , Teflon TM -PFA and Teflon TM -FEP plates, and/or wherein in each X-ray electrophoresis plate a portion of said plate
- PTFE poly
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the X, Y, Z plates have a dimension La x Lo, in which La and Lo vary from 2.0 to 50.0 cm.
- the range of "2.0 to 50.0 cm” includes the ranges: from 2.0 to 5.0 cm; from 5.0 to 10.0 cm; from 10.0 to 15.0 cm; from 15.0 to 20.0 cm; from 20.0 to 25.0 cm; from 25.0 to 30.0 cm; from 30.0 to 35.0 cm; from 35.0 to 40.0 cm; from 40.0 to 45.0 cm; from 45.0 to 50.0 cm.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the plates X, Y, Z have a dimension La x Lo, in which La is from 6.0 to 30 cm and Lo is from 2.0 to 50.0 cm.
- the range of "6.0 to 30.0 cm” includes the ranges: from 6.0 to 10.0 cm; from 10.0 to 15.0 cm; from 15.0 to 20.0 cm; from 20.0 to 25.0 cm; from 25.0 to 30.0 cm.
- the width “La” of the X-plate is slightly greater than the width “Lae” of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber and the length “Lo” of the X-plate is slightly greater than the length “Loe” of the recessed portion of the electrophoresis chamber.
- the width "La" of the plate X is substantially greater than the length "Loe” of the recessed portion of an electrophoresis chamber and the length "Lo” of the plate X is substantially greater than 10 times the width "Lae” of the recessed portion of an electrophoresis chamber.
- a slightly greater or substantially greater value is for example a value greater than 1 to 20 mm.
- the width of the edges of the electrophoresis plate X is increased by framing said row.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the plates Y have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm.
- the range of "0.5 to 5.0 mm” includes the following ranges: from 0.5 to 1.0 mm; from 1.0 to 1.5 mm; from 1.5 to 2.0 mm; from 2.0 to 2.5 mm; from 2.5 to 3.0 mm; from 3.0 to 3.5 mm; from 3.5 to 4.0 mm; from 4.0 to 4.5 mm; from 4.5 to 5.0 mm.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the Z plates are made of a material selected from plexiglass, PTFE or polyamines.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the Z cooling plates have a thickness of 1.0 to 10.0 mm, in particular 1.0 to 5.0 mm.
- the range of “1.0 to 10.0 mm” includes the following ranges: 1.0 to 2.0 mm; 2.0 to 3.0 mm; 3.0 to 4.0 mm; 4.0 to 5.0 mm; 5.0 to 6.0 mm; 6.0 to 7.0 mm; 7.0 to 8.0 mm; 8.0 to 9.0 mm; 9.0 to 10.0 mm.
- the range of “1.0 to 5.0 mm” includes the following ranges: 1.0 to 1.5 mm; 1.5 to 2.0 mm; 2.0 to 2.5 mm; 2.5 to 3.0 mm; 3.0 to 3.5 mm; 3.5 to 4.0 mm; 4.0 to 4.5 mm; from 4.5 to 5.0 mm.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the plates X, Y, Z have a dimension La x Lo, in which La and Lo vary from 2.0 to 50.0 cm, and/or wherein the Y plates have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm, and/or wherein wherein the Z cooling plates have a thickness of 1.0 to 10.0 mm, in particular 1.0 to 5.0 mm.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the electrophoresis chambers comprise channeling means opening onto the inlets and/or onto the outlets, preferably etched into the X electrophoresis plate.
- These channeling means are configured to allow the orientation of the flows in the electrophoresis chamber at each of the inlets and outlets, in order to better distribute the flows in the case of the inlets over the entire width of the recessed portion and to better concentrate the flows in the case of the outlets.
- these channeling means are an integral part of the electrophoresis chamber, i.e. fused with the walls of the electrophoresis chamber and are made of the same material as the electrophoresis plate.
- each electrophoresis chamber is configured to each contain at least one membrane of selective permeability, preferably selective in size, positioned so as to be crossed by the solution containing the product to be separated or purified during operation of the device.
- each electrophoresis chamber comprises at least one membrane of size-selective permeability, positioned parallel to the face (c) and adjacent to an inlet of a buffer solution, so as to be crossed by the initial solution containing the product to be separated or purified during operation of the device and so that the part of the initial solution not having crossed said membrane is conveyed towards one of the outlets by said buffer solution coming from said inlet adjacent to said membrane.
- the presence of these membranes further allows size selectivity of the product to be purified and/or separated.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the upper face and/or the lower face of each of the electrophoresis chambers comprises protuberances configured so as not to disturb, during operation of the device, the circulation in the chamber of the product to be purified and/or separated, and configured to improve heat transfer and to maintain the electrophoresis chambers at a selected temperature.
- the protuberances extend from the faces (e) and/or (f) of the recessed portion towards the inside of said recessed portion. They may be located only on one of the faces or on both faces.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said protuberances are made of thermally conductive materials, preferably sapphire or 99% ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 alumina, preferably in the same material as that of the Y plate, in order to ensure thermal conductivity in the chambers and to control the temperature in the cell.
- said protuberances are made of thermally conductive materials, preferably sapphire or 99% ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 alumina, preferably in the same material as that of the Y plate, in order to ensure thermal conductivity in the chambers and to control the temperature in the cell.
- the presence of these protuberances makes it possible to promote heat exchanges between the cooling plates along the path and thus to optimize the separation of the desired molecule while avoiding denaturation of the molecules, while maintaining the optimal temperature.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said protuberances have a shape configured so as not to disturb, during operation of the device, the circulation in the chamber of the product to be purified and/or separated.
- the shape and arrangement of the protuberances may be calculated or simulated to avoid disruption of the flow stream lines in laminar regime around the protuberance and in the electrophoresis chamber, said shape and arrangement being however effective for heat transfer.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said protuberances are triangular-shaped pins, rectangular-based pillars or pads or ovoid shapes.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the X and/or Y plates are etched to be able to accommodate said protuberances.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which each electrophoresis chamber is configured to each contain at least one membrane of selective permeability, preferably selective in size, positioned so as to be crossed by the solution containing the product to be separated or purified during operation of the device, and/or in which the upper face and/or the lower face of each of the electrophoresis chambers comprises protuberances configured so as not to disturb, during operation of the device, the circulation in the chamber of the product to be purified and/or separated, and configured to improve heat transfer and to maintain the electrophoresis chambers at a selected temperature, in particular in which said protuberances are made of thermally conductive materials, preferably sapphire or 99% ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 alumina.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the heat transfer system in the Z plates is a pipe network configured to allow the circulation of one or more heat transfer fluids, said network being placed in direct contact with a portion of the Y plates adjacent to Z, said portion being thermally connected to the electrophoresis chambers, in order to allow the temperature in said electrophoresis chambers to be controlled.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the pipe network of the heat transfer system is formed by recesses in the Z plate.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said pipe network of the heat transfer system is configured to generate a temperature gradient in each of the electrophoresis chambers.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said pipe network of the heat transfer system comprises, for each of the electrophoresis chambers, channels parallel to the edge C1, said channels being able to contain heat transfer fluids of different temperatures in order to generate said temperature gradient.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the inlet of the heat transfer system is located on the side of the face (a) of the electrophoresis chamber.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which said pipe network of the heat transfer system is configured to generate a temperature gradient in each of the electrophoresis chambers, in particular, said heat transfer system is a pipe network configured to allow the circulation of one or more heat transfer fluids, said network being placed in direct contact with a portion of the plates Y adjacent to Z, said portion being thermally connected to the electrophoresis chambers, in order to allow the temperature in said electrophoresis chambers to be controlled, preferably in which said pipe network of the heat transfer system comprises, for each of the electrophoresis chambers, channels parallel to the edge C1, said channels being able to contain heat transfer fluids of different temperatures in order to generate said temperature gradient.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, wherein said pipe network is configured to obtain a selected and controlled temperature in the electrophoresis chambers.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, wherein the respective inlet and outlet flow of the pipe network of the heat transfer system is perpendicular to the edge C1 of each electrophoresis chamber.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the inlet of the heat transfer system is located on the side of the face (c) of the hollowed-out part of the electrophoresis chamber.
- the present invention relates to a device as defined above, in which the clamping means for ensuring the sealing of said device comprise two external clamping plates enclosing said device, said means being removable, in particular plate by plate.
- Another subject of the present invention relates to the use of a device of the invention as defined above, in a preparative electrophoresis method for the purification and/or separation of a molecule, in particular a protein, under continuous flow.
- the device of the invention advantageously allows continuous use for the purification and/or separation of a product.
- the present invention relates to the use as defined above, in which from 1 to 5 L/hour of solution to be purified or separated are treated, in particular in which said device comprises 100 electrophoresis chambers, preferably comprising 10 stages and 10 electrophoresis chambers per stage.
- the present invention relates to the use as defined above, in which the productivity of the purified or separated product is from 100 to 300 kg/year of purified or separated product, in particular in which said device comprises from 10 to 50 electrophoresis chambers.
- the present invention relates to the use as defined above, said device comprising 100 electrophoresis chambers in operation for 300 days/year.
- Another subject of the present invention relates to a method of purification and/or separation by free-flow electrophoresis of a product contained in a solution comprising the following steps: - connecting the supply channels of a device according to the invention as defined above to the supply circuits of the liquid cathode, the liquid anode, an initial solution containing a product to be purified and/or separated, and at least one buffer solution, said channels and circuits being controlled by a central unit (UC1) - connecting the cooling systems to a cooling circuit, controlled by a central unit (UC2) - generating an electric field along the edges A1, via the liquid anode and the liquid cathode, - generating a fluidic circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, by the central unit (UC1), so as to: o circulate a liquid cathode from the inlet E(1) to the outlet S(1), o circulate a liquid anode from the inlet E(n) to the outlet E(m), o circulate in the electrophor
- the control of the circulation of the fluids by the central unit (UC1) is carried out for example using flow meters and pumps present in the supply and recovery circuits.
- each inlet of the electrophoresis chamber can be connected to a flow meter.
- the electric field along the edge A1 in the electrophoresis chamber can be generated by the circulation of the liquid cathode from E(1) to S(1) and by the circulation of the liquid anode from E(n) to S(m).
- the same central unit can control the fluid circulation in the electrophoresis chambers and the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the cooling circuit.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, implemented under continuous flow of the initial solution containing the product to be purified and/or separated, in particular at a flow rate of 1 to 5 L/hour, in particular said device comprising 100 electrophoresis chambers, preferably operating 300 days/year.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which the liquid cathode and the liquid anode are electrolytic solutions of the same composition.
- liquid electrode is meant a liquid cathode or anode. It should be noted that an electrode is an electronic or ionic conductor capturing or releasing electrons. In this embodiment, the cathode and the anode are called liquid electrodes.
- liquid electrodes are electrolytic solutions having a high ionic conductivity.
- the liquid electrode may comprise species in the form of ions such as in saline solutions.
- the liquid electrode comprises chloride or fluoride salts.
- the liquid electrode comprises 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), or citrate, or 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES), or acetate.
- HEPES 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid
- MES 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid
- the liquid electrode further comprises hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), Tween 20 (Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate), methanol, ethanol and/or KCl.
- HPMC hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
- Tween 20 Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate
- methanol ethanol
- KCl KCl
- the liquid electrode has the following composition: 10 mM HEPES, 0.2% (m/v) HPMC, 0.1% (m/v) Tween 20, 40% methanol and 0.5 to 1.5M KCL and water.
- the pH of the liquid electrode is adjusted with a NaOH solution.
- the ionic conductivity of the liquid electrode is from 0.01 to 250 mS/cm.
- a liquid cathode and anode implies the non-use of metal in the device and makes it possible to avoid the electrolysis of water and therefore the formation of bubbles in the electrophoresis chamber(s).
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which the buffer solution has a pH suitable for the purification and/or separation of the product to be purified and/or separated contained in the initial solution.
- the pH of the buffer solution is between 5.8 and 7.5 and depends on the molecule to be purified in its medium.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said fluidic circulation of the liquid cathode in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 10,000 ⁇ L/min.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said fluidic circulation of the liquid anode in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 10,000 ⁇ L/min.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said fluid circulation of the solution to be purified and/or separated in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is carried out at a flow rate of 10 to 30,000 ⁇ L/min.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said fluid circulation of the buffer solution in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is carried out at a flow rate of 10 to 50,000 ⁇ L/min.
- the range of "10 to 10,000 ⁇ L/min” includes the following ranges: from 10 to 20 ⁇ L/min; from 20 to 50 ⁇ L/min; from 50 to 80 ⁇ L/min; from 80 to 100 ⁇ L/min; 100 to 150 ⁇ L/min; 150 to 200 ⁇ L/min; 200 to 300 ⁇ L/min; 300 to 400 ⁇ L/min; 400 to 500 ⁇ L/min; 500 to 600 ⁇ L/min; 600 to 800 ⁇ L/min; 800 to 1000 ⁇ L/min; 1000 to 1500 ⁇ L/min; 1500 to 2000 ⁇ L/min; 2000 to 2500 ⁇ L/min; 2500 to 3000 ⁇ L/min; 3500 to 4000 ⁇ L/min; from 4000 to 4500 ⁇ l/min; from 4500 to 5000 ⁇ L/min; from 5000 to 5500 ⁇ L/min; from 5500 to 6000 ⁇ L/min; from 6000 to 6500 ⁇ L/min; from 6500 to 7000 ⁇ L/min; from
- the range of “10 to 20000 ⁇ L/min” includes the following ranges: from 10 to 10000 ⁇ L/min; from 10000 to 11000 ⁇ L/min; from 11000 to 12000 ⁇ L/min; from 12000 to 13000 ⁇ L/min; from 13000 to 14000 ⁇ L/min; from 14000 to 15000 ⁇ L/min; from 15000 to 16000 ⁇ L/min; from 16000 to 17000 ⁇ L/min; from 17000 to 18000 ⁇ L/min; from 18000 to 19000 ⁇ L/min; from 19000 to 20000 ⁇ L/min.
- the range of “10 to 50000 ⁇ L/min” includes the following ranges: from 10 to 20000 ⁇ L/min; from 20000 to 25000 ⁇ L/min; from 25000 to 30000 ⁇ L/min; from 30000 to 35000 ⁇ L/min; from 35000 to 40000 ⁇ L/min; from 40000 to 45000 ⁇ L/min; from 45000 to 50000 ⁇ L/min.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said fluid circulation of the liquid cathode in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 10,000 ⁇ L/min, and/or in which said fluid circulation of the liquid anode in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 10,000 ⁇ L/min, and/or in which said fluid circulation of the solution to be purified and/or separated in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 30,000 ⁇ L/min, and/or in which said fluid circulation of the buffer solution in each of the electrophoresis chambers, controlled by the central unit (UC1), is implemented at a flow rate of 10 to 50000 ⁇ L/min.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said device comprises at least 100 electrophoresis chambers positioned in parallel.
- electrophoresis cells positioned or placed in parallel means electrophoresis cells in which the supply of fluid through the channels of the different inlets is carried out in parallel, i.e. simultaneously at the inlets with introduced fluids (liquid electrodes, buffer solution and the solution to be purified and/or separated) from the same sources.
- Cell 1 and cell 2 are supplied simultaneously at the inlet E(1) of each cell by a liquid electrode from the same container containing the liquid electrode, for example.
- the supply circuit for the solution to be purified and/or separated from the electrophoresis chambers is a parallel circuit.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a pH variation along the edge A1 in each electrophoresis chamber is generated, using at least two buffers of different pH.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said device comprises in each electrophoresis chamber at least one size-selective membrane, configured to separate the product to be purified and/or separated from the initial solution during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers.
- each electrophoresis chamber comprises at least one size-selective membrane, positioned parallel to the edge C1 and adjacent to an inlet of a buffer solution, in which during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers the initial solution containing the product to be separated and/or purified passes through said membrane, the part of the initial solution not having passed through said membrane being conveyed to one of the outlets S(2) to S(m-1) by said buffer solution coming from said inlet adjacent to said membrane.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a temperature gradient along the edge A1 of the recessed portion is applied in each electrophoresis chamber, in particular through the cooling systems of said device comprising a heat transfer system consisting of a network of pipes configured to allow the circulation of one or more heat transfer fluids parallel to the face (c) of each of the electrophoresis chambers.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which said device comprises at least 100 electrophoresis chambers positioned in parallel, and/or wherein said device comprises in each electrophoresis chamber at least one size-selective membrane, configured to separate the product to be purified and/or separated from the initial solution during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, and/or wherein during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a pH variation along the edge A1 in each electrophoresis chamber is generated, using at least two buffers of different pH, and/or wherein during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a temperature gradient along the edge A1 of the recessed portion is applied in each electrophoresis chamber.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, wherein during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a homogeneous temperature, in particular from 10°C to 40°C, is applied in each of the electrophoresis chambers.
- a homogeneous temperature in particular from 10°C to 40°C
- the range of "10°C to 40°C” includes the following ranges: from 10 to 15°C; from 15 to 20°C; from 20 to 25°C; from 25 to 30°C; from 30 to 35°C; from 35 to 40°C, in particular the values of 35°C, 36°C, 37°C, 38°C, 39°C and 40°C.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which, during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, the electric field generated is from 200V to 4000 V.
- the range of "200 V to 4000 V” includes the following ranges: from 200 to 500 V; from 500 to 1000 V; from 1000 to 1500 V; from 1500 to 2000 V; from 2000 to 2500 V; from 2500 to 3000 V; from 3000 to 3500 V; from 3500 to 4000 V.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, in which during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, a homogeneous temperature, in particular from 10°C to 40°C, is applied in each of the electrophoresis chambers, and/or in which, during the fluid circulation in each of the electrophoresis chambers, the electric field generated is from 200V to 4000 V.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, implemented to purify and/or separate a protein.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, implemented to purify and/or separate isomers, in particular enantiomers.
- the present invention relates to the method as defined above, implemented to purify and/or separate a protein or implemented to purify and/or separate isomers, in particular enantiomers.
- Another subject of the present invention relates to a use of a device according to the invention as defined above, comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, in particular the height h of the hollowed-out part of which is from 25 to 200 ⁇ m or from 1.0 to 5.0 mm, for determining and optimizing the fluid circulation of the product to be purified and/or separated in order to set up an industrial device according to the invention as defined above comprising from 10 to 100 electrophoresis chambers.
- Another subject of the present invention relates to a method for developing an industrial device for purifying and/or separating a solution comprising the product to be purified and/or separated by electrophoresis comprising the following steps: a) a first study step implementing a device according to the invention as defined above comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, in particular the height h of the hollowed-out part of which is from 25 to 200 ⁇ m or from 1.0 to 5.0 mm; 5.0 mm, to determine and optimize the fluid circulation of the product to be purified and/or separated, b) a second step of setting up said industrial device comprising from 10 to 100 electrophoresis chambers.
- Figures and Examples Figure 1 shows an exploded view diagram of an electrophoresis microcell device comprising 30 electrophoresis cells distributed in rows of 10 cells on 3 levels, without showing the means for clamping all the plates.
- (1) shows an electrophoresis plate comprising a row of 10 electrophoresis chambers each comprising a hollowed-out portion (6) in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, each chamber comprising inlets or outlets (7) and supply or recovery channels (8), two adjacent hollowed-out parts are separated by the same wall.
- (2) represents a synthetic sapphire plate ensuring the separation of fluids between two plates but allowing heat exchanges.
- (3) represents a cooling plate comprising a cooling system (4) which comprises a recess allowing the circulation of a heat transfer fluid from an inlet to an outlet.
- (5) represents a stage consisting of a succession of plates YZYXYZY.
- the device comprises 3 stages and consists of the following sequence YZYXYZYXYZYXYZYZY in which the two central sequences YZY are common to two successive stages, respectively the first and second stages and the second and third stages.
- Figure 2 represents the hollowed-out part (6) of a chamber of an electrophoresis plate (1).
- the hollowed-out part is inscribed in a rectangular parallelepiped of width Lae, length Loe and height h, delimited by the faces (a, b, c, d, e, f), the faces (a, b, c, d) form the side walls between the hollowed-out part and the plate X, the faces (a, b) being parallel to each other and the faces (c, d) being parallel to each other.
- the face (a) is delimited by the edges (A1, A2) of dimension Lae, the face (b) by the edges (B1, B2) of dimension Lae.
- the face (c) is delimited by the edges (C1, C2) of dimension Loe, the face (d) by the edges (D1, D2) of dimension Loe.
- FIG. 3 shows an exploded view diagram of a single-stage device comprising a single electrophoresis chamber, without showing the means for clamping all the plates.
- (1) shows an electrophoresis plate comprising a single chamber comprising a hollowed-out portion (6) in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, comprising inlets or outlets (7) and supply or recovery channels (8).
- (2) shows a synthetic sapphire plate ensuring the separation of fluids between two plates but allowing heat exchanges.
- FIG. (3) shows a cooling plate comprising a cooling system (4) which comprises a recess allowing the circulation of a heat transfer fluid from an inlet to an outlet, the inlet of the heat transfer fluid being on the same side as that of the inlets of the electrophoresis chamber.
- the device consists of a single stage (5) comprising a succession of YZYXYZY plates.
- Figure 4 shows in part a) a one-stage device comprising a row of 10 electrophoresis chambers and in part b) a two-stage device, each stage comprising a row of 10 electrophoresis chambers.
- (1) shows an electrophoresis plate comprising a row of 10 electrophoresis chambers each comprising a recessed portion (6) in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, each chamber comprising inlets or outlets (7) and supply or recovery channels (8), two adjacent recessed portions are separated by the same wall.
- (2) shows a synthetic sapphire plate ensuring the separation of fluids between two plates but allowing heat exchanges.
- (5) shows a stage consisting of a succession of YZYXYZY plates. The device in part a) comprises 1 stage and consists of the following sequence YZYXYZY.
- the device in part b) comprises 2 stages and consists of the following sequence YZYXYZYXYZY in which the central sequence YZY is common to both stages.
- Figure 5 shows a diagram of a row of four electrophoresis chambers, in which the inlets of each electrophoresis chamber follow one another in an identical manner in part a) or the inlets of the adjacent chambers are symmetrical with respect to the wall separating them (part b).
- the inlets and outlets of the electrophoresis chambers comprise channeling means (9).
- Figure 6 shows an exploded view of a device with a cooling system allowing the establishment of a temperature gradient, either along the width of the electrophoresis chamber (part a), or along the length of the chamber (part b).
- the cooling plate comprises a heat transfer system comprising recesses forming channels (10) which are parallel to the flows of the electrophoresis chamber in part a) or which are perpendicular in part b).
- Figure 7 shows a device comprising clamping means.
- the clamping means consist of two plates (11) which enclose the entire succession of plates X, Y and Z, using attachment means (12) connecting the two plates (11) whose distance can be adjusted.
- the attachment means (12) are for example screws.
- Figure 8 shows the schematic of the electrophoresis chamber of the electrophoresis chips used; part a) shows that of the KPLE-100-008 chip which has 5 inlets and 7 outlets, said outlets being numbered from top to bottom from 1 to 7, the central inlet is intended for the sample, the inlets E(2) and E(4) for the buffer solution (TS) and the inlets E(1) and E(5) for the liquid electrodes; part b) shows that of the KPLE-100-009 chip which has 5 inlets and 5 outlets, said outlets being numbered from top to bottom from 1 to 5, the central inlet is intended for the sample, the inlets E(2) and E(4) for the buffer solution (TS) and the inlets E(1) and E(5) for the liquid electrodes.
- the hollowed-out part of the electrophoresis chambers is of width Lae and length Loe.
- the electrophoresis plate X is of width La and length Lo.
- the electrophoresis chambers comprise channelling means (9) for the inlet and outlet flows.
- the channelling means are, for example, triangular-shaped elements (91) in the form of a bevelled point (92) located between two inlets or two outlets.
- Figure 9 is a photograph taken of the KPLE-100-008 device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, during the hydrodynamic test. The visualization of the different flows was made possible by coloring the sample flow and the electrode flows in yellow.
- Figure 10 shows a series of photographs taken of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, 1 mm thick, during hydrodynamic tests at flow rates ( ⁇ L/min) sample / buffer solution / electrode respectively of 160 / 1600 / 1000 for part a), 320 / 3200 / 800 for part b), 400 / 4000 / 1000 for part c) and 400 / 2000 / 500 for part d).
- Figure 11 is a photograph taken of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber having 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with a thickness h of 2 mm, during hydrodynamic tests at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the sample/buffer solution/electrode solutions respectively of 400/4000/1000.
- Figure 12 is a photograph taken of the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber having 5 inlets and 5 outlets, with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, during a separation of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 1500 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the sample/buffer solution/electrode solutions respectively of 10/80/20.
- Figure 13 shows the HPLC spectra of the products at the outputs S(2), S(3) and S(4) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 5 outlets, with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, during a test for the separation of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 1500 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the solutions of the sample/buffer solution/electrode respectively of 10/80/20
- Figure 14 is a photograph taken of the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, during a test for the separation of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 2500 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the solutions of the sample respectively / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 100 / 20.
- Figure 15 shows the HPLC spectra of the products at the outputs S(2), S(3), S(4), S(5) and S(6) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber comprising 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, during a test for the separation of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 2500 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 100 / 20.
- fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G
- Figure 16 shows photographs taken of the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber comprising 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with a thickness of 1.0 mm, during a test for the separation of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 2000 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the sample/buffer/electrode solutions of 10/600/20, part a) corresponds to a photograph taken without annotations, part b) represents the same photograph with annotations on the path of the colored compounds.
- fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G
- Figure 17 shows photographs taken of the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, 1.0 mm thick, during a separation test of a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 3000 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the sample/buffer/electrode solutions of 20/3000/50, part a) corresponds to a photograph taken without annotations, part b) represents the same photograph with annotations on the path of the colored compounds.
- fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G
- Figure 18 shows photographs taken of the device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, 2.0 mm thick, during a test to separate a mixture of three colored compounds (fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G), carried out at 3000 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the sample/buffer solution/electrode solutions of 20/3000/50, part a) corresponds to a photograph taken without annotations, part b) represents the same photograph with annotations on the path of the colored compounds.
- fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G carried out at 3000 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the sample/buffer solution/electrode solutions of 20/3000/50
- Figure 19 shows the HPLC spectra of the products at the outputs S(1) to S(7) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber comprising 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, during a test for the separation of a mixture of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) carried out at 0 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the solutions respectively of the sample/buffer solution/electrode of 10/100/25.
- ATP adenosine triphosphate
- AMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate
- Figure 20 shows the HPLC spectra of the products at the outputs S(1) to S(7) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber comprising 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, during a test for the separation of a mixture of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) carried out at 1000 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the solutions respectively of the sample/buffer solution/electrode of 10/100/25. flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 100 / 25.
- ATP adenosine triphosphate
- AMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate
- Figure 21 shows the HPLC spectra of the products at the outputs S(1) to S(7) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber comprising 5 inlets and 7 outlets, with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, during a test for the separation of a mixture of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) carried out at 2,000 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the solutions respectively of the sample / buffer solution / electrode of 10 / 100 / 25.
- ATP adenosine triphosphate
- AMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate
- Figure 22 shows a diagram of the migration of the species of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber comprising 5 inlets and 5 outlets, with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, during a test for the separation of a mixture of protein and its linker, carried out at 1500 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the sample/buffer solution/electrode solutions of 10/80/20 respectively.
- Figure 23 shows the HPLC spectra of the products at the outlet of S(3) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 5 outlets, 100 ⁇ m thick, during a test for separating a mixture of protein and its linker, carried out at 1500 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the sample/buffer solution/electrode solutions of 10/80/20 respectively.
- Figure 24 shows the HPLC spectra of the products at the outlet of S(4) of a device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 5 outlets, 100 ⁇ m thick, during a test for separating a mixture of protein and its linker, carried out at 1500 V and at flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the sample/buffer solution/electrode solutions of 10/80/20 respectively. flow rates in ⁇ L/min of the sample/buffer solution/electrode solutions of 10/80/20.
- Example 1 Material and method Electrophoresis device Two devices, called electrophoresis chips, comprising an electrophoresis chamber with different characteristics of dimensions of the hollowed-out part (called separation chamber) and of the X plate and a different number of outlets, were used in the tests. The dimensions of the two chips are reported in Table 1 below. Three heights h were used: 100 ⁇ m, 1 mm and 2 mm.
- the KPLE-100-009 chip has an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 5 outlets. The inlets and outlets are symmetrical. The inlets are numbered from top to bottom from 1 to 5, i.e. E(1) to E(5) respectively.
- the KPLE-100-008 chip has an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inputs and 7 outputs.
- Multiplying the outputs refines the recovery possibilities. These outputs are also numbered from top to bottom from 1 to 7, respectively S(1) to S(7), or S1 to S7.
- Each input was connected to a flow meter controlling the flow introduced into the electrophoresis chip.
- Each flow meter was itself connected to an independent liquid supply container, namely either the sample, a buffer solution, or a liquid electrode. All the parameters, including the flow rate of the inputs, the recovery of the products at the outputs and their analysis are controlled by computer and automatically recorded.
- Electrophoresis electrophoresis plate (separator plate) Length Loe x width Lae Length L x width La KPLE-100-008 6.4 cm x 3.0 cm 10.2 cm x 5.2 cm KPLE-100-009 4.5 cm x 1.8 cm 7.5 cm x 5.0 cm
- Table 1 Device dimensions
- Example 2 Hydrodynamic flow study in the device Hydrodynamic flow studies were set up in a free-flow electrophoresis device comprising an electrophoresis chamber with 5 inlets and 7 outlets and having a thickness h of 100 ⁇ m, 1 mm and 2 mm.
- the KPLE-100-008 chip was connected to flow meters at each inlet according to the conditions indicated in the following Table 2.
- Figure 9 is a photograph taken of the KPLE-100-008 device comprising a 100 ⁇ m thick electrophoresis chamber, during the hydrodynamic test.
- the visualization of the different flows was made possible by coloring the sample flow and the electrode flows in yellow. It was observed, without application of an electric field, a path of the sample flow from the inlet E(3) to the outlet S(4), outlet facing E(3). A yellow colored area in the form of a band was observed from E(1) to S(1). Another yellow colored area in the form of a band was observed from E(1) to S(6) and S(7). These two bands represent the paths respectively of the two flows of the liquid electrodes.
- Example 3 Separation of a mixture of Fluorescein, Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G Tests 7 to 11 in a free-flow electrophoresis device were set up for the separation of a mixture of three molecules: fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G, exhibiting fluorescence.
- the chemical structures of the three molecules are presented below.
- Inputs E(1) and E(5) were each supplied with an electrolytic solution for the anode and cathode respectively.
- the two electrolytic solutions for the cathode and anode respectively are of the same composition.
- the liquid electrolytic solution has the following composition: 10 mM HEPES, 0.2% (m/v) HPMC, 0.1% (m/v) Tween 20, 40% methanol and 1.5M KCL.
- the flow rate was set at 20 ⁇ L/min.
- the electric field is generated by the electrolytic solutions in the electrophoresis chamber, from solutions containing the carbon electrodes, anode and cathode respectively.
- the central inlet E(3) was supplied with the sample to be purified, namely a mixture of the 3 dyes: fluorescein, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G.
- the sample to be purified was composed of 0.175 g/L of fluorescein, 0.176 g/L of Rhodamine 6G and 0.185 g/L of Rhodamine B.
- the flow rate set for the sample was 10 ⁇ L/min throughout the purification.
- the last two inlets E(2) and E(4) were supplied with a buffer solution composed of 10 mM HEPES, 0.2% (m/v) HPMC, 0.1% (m/v) Tween 20 in water, at a flow rate set at 80 ⁇ L/min.
- the electric field variable from 0 V to 3000 V, was set in these tests at 1500 V.
- the products at the outlet of the electrophoresis chamber were collected in tubes and analyzed by HPLC in order to determine the percentage of each compound at each outlet.
- Figure 12 is a photograph taken of the device during electrophoresis made possible by the use of transparent sapphire plates and colored products to be separated. Hydrodynamic monitoring was carried out to show that there was no migration towards the liquid electrodes of any compound in the sample. Thus, only the outputs of the electrophoresis chamber S(2), S(3) and S(4) were analyzed by HPLC.
- Results Figure 12 shows an electrophoretic migration of fluorescein, in yellow, towards the liquid cathode, arriving at outlet S(2).
- Rhodamine B with a low charge, is not influenced during electrophoresis and exits at outlet S(3).
- the HPLC spectra of the products exiting at outlets S(2), S(3) and S(4) are presented in Figure 13.
- the results of the HPLC analysis for this test carried out at 1500 V confirm the presence of fluorescein at outlet S(2), mainly rhodamine B at outlet S(3) and rhodamine 6G at outlet S(4).
- the installation of the input solutions was identical to that of test 7, but the separation process of this test is distinguished by the flow rate of the sample, the buffer solution and the electrodes, respectively in ⁇ L/min of 10 / 100 / 20 and by the voltage of the applied electric field, set at 2500 V in test 8.
- the KPLE-100-008 chip was connected to flow meters.
- the inputs E(1) and E(5) were each supplied by an electrolytic solution respectively for the anode and the cathode.
- the two electrolytic solutions respectively for the cathode and the anode are of the same composition.
- the liquid electrolytic solution has the following composition: HEPES at 10 mM, HPMC at 0.2% (m/v), Tween 20 at 0.1% (m/v), methanol at 40% and KCL 1.5 M.
- the flow rate was set at 20 ⁇ L/min.
- the electric field is generated by the electrolytic solutions in the electrophoresis chamber, coming from solutions containing respectively the carbon electrodes, anode and cathode.
- the central inlet E(3) was fed with the sample to be purified, composed of 0.175 g/L of fluorescein, 0.176 g/L of Rhodamine 6G and 0.185 g/L of Rhodamine B.
- the flow rate set for the sample was 10 ⁇ L/min throughout the purification.
- the last two inlets E(2) and E(4) were fed with a buffer solution composed of 10 mM HEPES, 0.2% (m/v) HPMC, 0.1% (m/v) Tween 20 in water, at a flow rate set at 100 ⁇ L/min.
- the electric field was set in this test at 2500 V.
- Figure 14 is a photograph taken of the device during the electrophoresis made possible by the use of transparent sapphire plates and colored products to be separated. Hydrodynamic monitoring was carried out to show that there was no migration towards the liquid electrodes of any compound in the sample. Thus, only the outlets of the electrophoresis chamber S(2) to S(6) were analyzed by HPLC. Results Figure 14 shows an electrophoretic migration of fluorescein, in yellow, towards the liquid cathode, arriving at outlet S(2).
- Rhodamine B was not influenced by the presence of the electric field during electrophoresis and exited at S(4), the outlet facing the inlet E(3). Rhodamine 6G migrated toward the liquid anode, with a less significant displacement than that of fluorescein, and exited at S(5).
- the HPLC spectra of the products exiting at outlets S(2) to S(6) are shown in Figure 15.
- the results of the HPLC analysis for test 8 at 2500 V confirm the presence of fluorescein at outlets S(2) and S(3), mainly at outlet S(2), with no signal from rhodamines B and 6G.
- Product spectrum from S(4) shows mainly rhodamine B.
- the inlet solutions were set up in the same way as in Tests 7 and 8, but the separation process in Test 9 differs in that the electrophoresis chamber volume is 1 mm high and the flow rate of the sample, buffer solution and electrodes is 10/600/10 in ⁇ L/min, respectively, and the applied electric field voltage is set at 2000 V.
- Figure 16 is a photograph taken of the device during electrophoresis.
- Figure 16 shows in a 1 mm high electrophoresis chamber, an electrophoretic migration of the charged species, fluorescein, in yellow, migrating towards the cathode and rhodamine 6G migrating towards the anode.
- Rhodamine B was not influenced by the presence of the electric field during electrophoresis and exited at S(4), i.e. the outlet facing inlet E(3). Under the conditions set up in this test, the electrophoretic migrations of fluorescein and rhodamine 6G were less significant compared to previous tests, so that fluorescein arrives between outlets S(3) and S(4) and rhodamine 6G between outlets S(4) and S(5).
- Figure 17 is a photograph taken of the device during electrophoresis.
- Figure 17 confirms an electrophoretic migration of the charged species in a device comprising a 1 mm high electrophoresis chamber. Under the conditions set up in this test 10, by increasing the electric field voltage and the flow rates compared to test 9, the electrophoretic migrations of fluorescein and rhodamine 6G were greater than those observed in test 9, so that fluorescein arrives at outlet S(3) and the main flow of rhodamine 6G arrives at outlet S(5). It was thus possible to vary the experimental conditions in order to optimize the separation of the products.
- Figure 18 is a photograph taken of the device during electrophoresis.
- Figure 18 shows a separation of the product flows and confirms an electrophoretic migration of the charged species in a device comprising a 2 mm high electrophoresis chamber.
- Example 4 Separation of an ATP/AMP mixture Separation tests of a mixture of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) were carried out. The structures of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) are reported below. Tests 12 to 14 were implemented with a KPLE-100-008 electrophoresis chip, with 5 inlets and 7 outlets, and an electrophoresis chamber thickness of 100 ⁇ m.
- Table 6 reports the compositions of the liquid electrodes and the separation buffer solutions and the sample to be separated that were used.
- Table 6 Details of the operating conditions of the experiments Table 7 below reports the types of solutions introduced at the device inlets and the respective flow rates that were applied.
- Example 5 Protein / linker purification
- the KPLE-100-009 chip was connected to flow meters.
- the electrophoresis chamber inlets E(1) and E(5) were supplied by liquid electrodes.
- the liquid anode and the liquid cathode were of the same composition.
- the liquid electrode solutions were composed of 10 mM HEPES, 0.2% (m/v) HPMC, 0.1% (m/v) Tween 20, 40% methanol and 1.5 M KCL, and were introduced at a flow rate set at 20 ⁇ L/min.
- the electric field was generated in the liquid electrode container using a carbon electrode.
- the central inlet E(3) was supplied with the sample to be purified, i.e. a reaction mixture resulting from the reaction of a protein and a linker.
- the flow rate in E(3) for the sample was set at 10 ⁇ L/min throughout the purification.
- a buffer solution (TS) composed of 10mM HEPES, 0.2%(m/v) HPMC, 0.1%(m/v) Tween 20 in water, was introduced at a flow rate set at 80 ⁇ L/min.
- the separation buffer had a pH equal to 7.5 (adjusted by a NaOH solution).
- the electric field applied was 1500 V.
- the products at the outlet of the electrophoresis chip were recovered in tubes in order to analyze them by HPLC and to determine the percentage of each compound at each outlet.
- the hydrodynamic monitoring carried out shows that there is no migration towards the liquid electrodes of any element of the system. Only the outlets of the electrophoresis chamber, i.e. outlets S(2) to S(4) were analyzed.
- the scheme in Figure 22 represents the migration of species according to the HPLC analysis.
- the HPLC spectra of the output products S(3) and S(4) are shown in Figures 23 and 24 respectively.
- the analyses show that 80% of the linker is diverted to another output than the majority of the protein, only 10.43% of the protein is diverted to the same output as the linker.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2024302479A AU2024302479A1 (en) | 2023-06-12 | 2024-06-12 | Free-flow electrophoresis microcell device and uses thereof |
| EP24732001.3A EP4724801A1 (fr) | 2023-06-12 | 2024-06-12 | Dispositif de microcellules d'électrophorèse à flux libre et ses utilisations |
| KR1020267000530A KR20260018985A (ko) | 2023-06-12 | 2024-06-12 | 자유-유동 전기영동 마이크로셀 디바이스 및 그의 용도 |
| MX2025014821A MX2025014821A (es) | 2023-06-12 | 2024-06-12 | Dispositivo de microcelda de electroforesis de flujo libre y sus usos |
| CN202480039242.3A CN121311761A (zh) | 2023-06-12 | 2024-06-12 | 自由流动电泳微单元装置及其应用 |
| IL325055A IL325055A (en) | 2023-06-12 | 2024-06-12 | Micro-cell device for free-flow electrophoresis and its uses |
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| FRFR2305928 | 2023-06-12 | ||
| FR2305928A FR3149691B1 (fr) | 2023-06-12 | 2023-06-12 | Dispositif de microcellules d’électrophorèse à flux libre et ses utilisations |
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| EP (1) | EP4724801A1 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20260018985A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN121311761A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2024302479A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3149691B1 (fr) |
| IL (1) | IL325055A (fr) |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4715942A (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1987-12-29 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Electrophoresis apparatus |
| EP0359619B1 (fr) * | 1988-09-06 | 1994-04-20 | Bertin & Cie | Automate de séparation de macromolécules ou de fragments de celles-ci |
| US20020043465A1 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-18 | Gyula Vigh | Electrophoresis apparatus and method |
| WO2019077134A1 (fr) | 2017-10-19 | 2019-04-25 | Université de Liège | Micropuce d'électrophorèse à écoulement libre |
| WO2022165553A1 (fr) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-08-11 | Aegros Pty Ltd | Système d'électro-séparation à passage unique |
-
2023
- 2023-06-12 FR FR2305928A patent/FR3149691B1/fr active Active
-
2024
- 2024-06-12 MX MX2025014821A patent/MX2025014821A/es unknown
- 2024-06-12 KR KR1020267000530A patent/KR20260018985A/ko active Pending
- 2024-06-12 EP EP24732001.3A patent/EP4724801A1/fr active Pending
- 2024-06-12 AU AU2024302479A patent/AU2024302479A1/en active Pending
- 2024-06-12 WO PCT/EP2024/066202 patent/WO2024256448A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2024-06-12 CN CN202480039242.3A patent/CN121311761A/zh active Pending
- 2024-06-12 IL IL325055A patent/IL325055A/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4715942A (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1987-12-29 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Electrophoresis apparatus |
| EP0359619B1 (fr) * | 1988-09-06 | 1994-04-20 | Bertin & Cie | Automate de séparation de macromolécules ou de fragments de celles-ci |
| US20020043465A1 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-18 | Gyula Vigh | Electrophoresis apparatus and method |
| WO2019077134A1 (fr) | 2017-10-19 | 2019-04-25 | Université de Liège | Micropuce d'électrophorèse à écoulement libre |
| US20200240951A1 (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2020-07-30 | Université de Liège | Microchip for free flow electrophoresis |
| WO2022165553A1 (fr) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-08-11 | Aegros Pty Ltd | Système d'électro-séparation à passage unique |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP4724801A1 (fr) | 2026-04-15 |
| FR3149691B1 (fr) | 2026-02-27 |
| CN121311761A (zh) | 2026-01-09 |
| IL325055A (en) | 2026-02-01 |
| MX2025014821A (es) | 2026-02-03 |
| AU2024302479A1 (en) | 2025-12-11 |
| KR20260018985A (ko) | 2026-02-09 |
| FR3149691A1 (fr) | 2024-12-13 |
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