WO2024256930A2 - Distributeur d'un matériau en flocons ou en grains - Google Patents

Distributeur d'un matériau en flocons ou en grains Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024256930A2
WO2024256930A2 PCT/IB2024/055546 IB2024055546W WO2024256930A2 WO 2024256930 A2 WO2024256930 A2 WO 2024256930A2 IB 2024055546 W IB2024055546 W IB 2024055546W WO 2024256930 A2 WO2024256930 A2 WO 2024256930A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
drawer
dispensing device
granular
decoration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2024/055546
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2024256930A3 (fr
Inventor
Ivan Ghirelli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
System Ceramics SpA
Original Assignee
System Ceramics SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by System Ceramics SpA filed Critical System Ceramics SpA
Priority to EP24733761.1A priority Critical patent/EP4727740A2/fr
Priority to CN202480037665.1A priority patent/CN121263287A/zh
Publication of WO2024256930A2 publication Critical patent/WO2024256930A2/fr
Publication of WO2024256930A3 publication Critical patent/WO2024256930A3/fr
Priority to MX2025014252A priority patent/MX2025014252A/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/001—Applying decorations on shaped articles, e.g. by painting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C19/00—Apparatus specially adapted for applying particulate materials to surfaces
    • B05C19/04—Apparatus specially adapted for applying particulate materials to surfaces the particulate material being projected, poured or allowed to flow onto the surface of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C19/00—Apparatus specially adapted for applying particulate materials to surfaces
    • B05C19/06—Storage, supply or control of the application of particulate material; Recovery of excess particulate material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/005—Devices or processes for obtaining articles having a marble appearance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/06—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with powdered or granular material, e.g. sanding of shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/0225—Feeding specific quantities of material at specific locations in the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
    • B28B5/021—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of definite length

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dispensing device for materials in flakes or grains.
  • the invention concerns a dispensing device which allows the controlled deposit of a material in flakes or grains.
  • material in flakes or grains is meant a material comprising particles with sizes relatively larger than the sizes of the particles present in the ceramic mixtures in the atomised form.
  • the invention is able to dispense in a controlled manner materials comprising flakes or grains with significant sizes up to 15 mm or more.
  • the invention is useful for the decoration of ceramic tiles.
  • a first technique involves applying the decoration on the raw tile by means of ink jet printers.
  • the decoration is applied on the tile after pressing and before firing.
  • a second technique involves applying the decoration, always in a step prior to firing the tile, in the form of granular or powdered material.
  • the granular or powdered material which forms the decoration is deposited by means of devices of varying nature.
  • Some of the devices currently used involve depositing the material by gravity, through discharge openings provided with a closure means which can be operated in a controlled manner.
  • the Applicant has devised a device for the deposit of powdered material, particularly suitable for the controlled deposit of ceramic material in atomised form, which makes it possible to perform an extremely precise deposit.
  • Such a device is described in Italian patent applications 102019000003497 and 102019000008619.
  • the current devices Apart from the aforementioned device, which in any case is not entirely effective for the deposit of materials having a larger grain size, the current devices, even those of a more complex type, do not however allow the amount or the position of the material deposited to be controlled precisely.
  • the current devices, in substance, are only useful for making decorations in the form of relatively undefined shading or veins.
  • the object of the present invention is to offer a dispensing device for granular materials in flakes or grains that allows to overcome the drawbacks of currently available devices.
  • An advantage of the dispensing device according to the present invention is that it allows a very precise deposit of the material.
  • Another advantage of the device is that it is very compact and lightweight, suited to be moved and positioned with ease.
  • a further advantage of the device due to its compact size, is that of being able to be used in a relatively high number of items, to speed up the application of the decoration.
  • FIG. 1 shows an isometric view of a group of dispensing devices according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a dispensing bar according to the present invention
  • figure 3 shows an isometric view of an area of the dispensing bar of figure 2, with some parts removed to show others;
  • figure 4 shows a sectional view of the dispensing bar, carried out on plane IV-IV represented in figure 4;
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows a tile obtained by applying the method according to the present invention.
  • the dispensing device is capable of dispensing in a precisely controlled manner granular materials, comprising flakes or grains.
  • flakes or grains are meant particles with size relatively larger than the size of the particles present in the ceramic mixtures in the atomised form.
  • the invention is able to dispense in a controlled manner materials comprising flakes or grains with a size up to 15 mm or more.
  • the dispensing device comprises a hopper (2), provided with a lower discharge opening (21 ).
  • the hopper (2) substantially defines a container, intended to receive the granular material to be dispensed through the discharge opening (21).
  • the granular material to the hopper (2) can be fed continuously or discontinuously, by means of a feeding device of a known type and not represented.
  • the hopper (2) has a tubular shape, tapered downwards in the area of the discharge opening (2).
  • the granular material through the discharge opening (21 ) is discharged substantially by gravity.
  • the dispensing device further comprises a drawer (3), arranged below the discharge opening (21 ) of the hopper (2).
  • the drawer (3) substantially defines a container, i.e. it defines a containment space for the granular material coming from the hopper (2).
  • the drawer is provided with a free edge (30) that allows the flow of granular material along at least one main direction (X).
  • the main direction (X) is horizontal.
  • the drawer (3) has a bottom wall (31 ) and a side wall (32), substantially C-shaped, which extends perpendicularly to the bottom (31 ) along the contour of the bottom (31 ), leaving the free edge (30) free, i.e. without extending on the free edge (30).
  • the bottom (31 ) is parallel to the main direction (X).
  • the bottom (31 ) is horizontal. In this way, the bottom (31 ) is able to support the granular material coming from the hopper (2), without hindering the flowing of the granular material along the main direction (X), except for the friction.
  • the bottom (31 ) is inclined downwards towards the free edge (30).
  • the drawer (3) is open at the top, so that it can freely receive the granular material coming from the hopper (2).
  • the dispensing device is provided with motor means (5), arranged to implement an alternating motion of the drawer (3) along the main direction (X), i.e. a motion comprising two back and forth strokes in the opposite direction.
  • the motor means (5) is configured to produce an alternating displacement or sliding of the drawer (3), along the main direction (X), in opposite alternating directions.
  • the granular material is fed to the hopper (2), by means of known means. Under initial conditions of stop of the motor means (5), the granular material flows along the hopper (2) and, through the discharge opening (21 ), deposits in the drawer (3), accumulating without reaching the free edge (30). To this end, the discharge opening (21 ) is arranged at a height from the bottom (31 ) of the drawer (3) such that the accumulation of granular material is kept inside the free edge (30), i.e. in such a way as to prevent the accumulation of granular material, naturally arranged on the bottom (31 ) according to its natural angle of repose, from reaching the free edge (30).
  • an acceleration is produced on the system comprising the drawer (3) and the material deposited thereon.
  • This acceleration produces a thrust on the material, directed along the main direction (X).
  • the reversal between the stroke of advancement in the direction of the free edge (30) and the opposite stroke produces on the material a thrust directed towards the free edge (30), which thrust is due to the inertia force of the material itself. This allows the material to advance towards the free edge (30) and to pass beyond it, being discharged from the drawer (3).
  • the dispensing device comprises a transverse wall (4), lying on a plane transverse to the main direction (X), arranged at least partly inside the drawer (3).
  • the transverse wall (4) is perpendicular to the main direction (X).
  • the motor means (5) is arranged to implement an alternating relative motion along the main direction (X) between the drawer (3) and the transverse wall (4).
  • the motor means (5) is configured to produce a relative displacement, or relative sliding, directed along the main direction (X), between the drawer (3) and the transverse wall (4), in alternating and opposite directions. This allows at least one thrust directed along the main direction (X) towards the free edge (30) to be transmitted to the granular material present inside the drawer (3).
  • the effect produced by the transverse wall (4) is as follows.
  • the granular material is fed to the hopper (2), by means of known means. Under initial conditions of stop of the motor means (5), there is no alternating relative motion between the drawer (3) and the transverse wall (4).
  • the granular material flows along the hopper (2) and, through the discharge opening (21 ), deposits in the drawer (3), accumulating without reaching the free edge (30).
  • the discharge opening (21 ) is arranged at a height from the bottom (31) of the drawer (3) such that the accumulation of granular material is kept inside the free edge (30), i.e. in such a way as to prevent the accumulation of granular material, naturally arranged on the bottom (31 ) according to its natural angle of repose, from reaching the free edge (30).
  • the alternating relative motion is produced along the main direction (X) between the drawer (3) and the transverse wall (4).
  • the alternating relative motion produced by the motor means (5) produces a displacement between the transverse wall (4) and the drawer (3) with strokes with opposite direction.
  • the stroke brings the transverse wall (4) closer to the free edge (30), while in the opposite direction the stroke moves the transverse wall (4) away from the free edge (30).
  • the transverse wall (4) pushes the granular material towards the free edge (30), so that at least a part of the granular material passes beyond the free edge (30), thus dropping downwards.
  • the granular material is substantially dispensed by drop.
  • the dispensing device according to the present invention offers the very important advantage of operating precisely and effectively in the presence of granular materials of any grain size.
  • the substantially open configuration of the drawer (3) is free of risks of clogging or unwanted dispensing blockage, even in the presence of materials of high grain size.
  • the dispensing which takes place by drop as a result of the alternating relative motion between the drawer (3) and the transverse wall (4), does not require the presence of movable shutters or other types of barrier, making the dispensing device particularly simple and reliable.
  • the control of the dispensing flow rate is also particularly simple and reliable, since it is done by simply regulating the frequency and/or the amplitude of the alternating relative motion.
  • the dispensing of the granular material which takes place substantially by drop from the drawer (3) through the free edge (30), can be directed towards a deposit surface positioned below the drawer (3), so as to form a layer of granular material.
  • a deposit surface positioned below the drawer (3), so as to form a layer of granular material.
  • the transverse wall (4) is solidly constrained to the hopper (2). Furthermore, the transverse wall (4) is arranged so that the discharge opening (21 ) is interposed between the free edge (30) of the drawer (3) and the transverse wall (4). In this way, in the stroke that brings the transverse wall (4) and the free edge (30) closer together, the granular material present in the drawer (3) is pushed along the main direction (X) towards the free edge (30).
  • the transverse wall (4) defines a lower portion of the hopper (2), and delimits a rear side of the discharge opening (21 ), i.e. a side located on the opposite side with respect to the free edge (30).
  • the transverse wall (4) could be applied to the hopper (2), or it could be associated with a support distinct from the hopper (2).
  • the dispensing device comprises a support (6), to which the drawer (3) and/or the transverse wall (4) are slidingly associated along the main direction (X).
  • the motor means (5) is also preferably associated with the support (6).
  • the motor means (5) is configured to slidingly actuate the drawer (3) and/or the transverse wall (4) with respect to the support (6).
  • the drawer (3) is slidingly associated along the main direction (X) to the support (6).
  • a guide (G) of known type is interposed between the drawer (3) and the support (6), to allow the sliding along the main direction (X).
  • the guide is preferably located below the drawer (3).
  • the motor means (5) is interposed between the support (6) and the drawer (3).
  • the transverse wall (4) is static and, preferably, is solidly constrained to the hopper (2).
  • the transverse wall (4) is slidingly associated along the main direction (X) to the support (6) and/or to the drawer (3), by means of a guide of known type.
  • the motor means (5) is interposed between the support (6) and the transverse wall (4).
  • the drawer (3) is static.
  • the motor means (5) comprises an elastic sleeve (50) provided with a cavity (51 ).
  • the sleeve (50) is concentric to a longitudinal axis (S) and preferably has a cylindrical shape.
  • Feeding means is arranged to feed in a controlled manner an operating fluid to the cavity (51 ). Feeding operating fluid to the cavity (51 ) results in a radial expansion of the sleeve (51 ) and a consequent shortening along the longitudinal axis (S).
  • the discharge involves an elastic return of the elastic sleeve (50) to the initial configuration, and therefore an elongation along the longitudinal axis (S).
  • Feeding and cyclically emptying the cavity (51 ) produces a corresponding cycle of alternating shortening and elongation of the elastic sleeve (50).
  • the feeding means allows to regulate the flow rate of the fed operating fluid.
  • the flow rate regulation allows to regulate the sliding speed of the drawer (3).
  • the feeding means allows to regulate the pressure of the fed operating fluid.
  • the regulation of the pressure allows to regulate the amplitude or length of the stroke made by the drawer (3).
  • the feeding means allows to regulate the feeding frequency of the operating fluid.
  • the regulation of the frequency allows to regulate the frequency of the stroke made by the drawer (3).
  • the elastic sleeve (50) is interposed between the drawer (3) and the support (6).
  • a first end (53) of the elastic sleeve (50) is associated with the drawer (3).
  • a second end (54) of the elastic sleeve (50) is associated with the support (6), i.e. a bracket (61 ) solidly constrained to the support (6).
  • the elastic sleeve (50) is interposed between the transverse wall (4) and the support (6).
  • a first end (53) of the elastic sleeve (50) is associated with the transverse wall (4).
  • a second end (54) of the elastic sleeve (50) is associated with the support (6), i.e. a bracket (61 ) solidly constrained to the support (6).
  • the operating fluid that is fed to the elastic sleeve (50) is air.
  • the feeding means comprises a source of pressurized air, for example a compressor and/or a pressurized tank not illustrated, connected to the elastic sleeve (50) by means of a fitting (52).
  • the feeding means also comprises a pneumatic control unit, i.e. a device known in the sector comprising one or more valves with controlled actuation, by means of which it is possible to implement a feeding and discharge cycle of the elastic sleeve (50), of controlled frequency.
  • feeding fluid to the elastic sleeve (50) produces a shortening thereof along the longitudinal axis (S), while the discharge produces an elongation thereof.
  • motor means comprising the elastic sleeve (50) offers the considerable advantage of greatly simplifying the structure of the dispensing device according to the invention.
  • the elastic sleeve (50) does not require the presence of other moving parts, such as for example gears, levers or other mechanisms, which lend themselves poorly to operation in dusty environments.
  • the motor means comprising the elastic sleeve (50) is much lighter, for the same performance, than other actuators suitable for the purpose.
  • the motor means could be in different forms, known in the sector, comprising for example rotating motors connected to eccentrics or connecting rod and crank mechanisms.
  • the dispensing device according to the present invention is also particularly useful for realizing a dispensing bar for a granular material in flakes or grains.
  • the dispensing bar comprises two or more dispensing devices (1 ) according to the present invention, arranged side by side and with the main directions (X) substantially parallel to each other.
  • the free edges (30) of the drawers (3) are aligned with each other to define a single and linear free edge.
  • two or more dispensing devices according to the present invention are arranged along an alignment direction, side by side, to realize a dispensing bar.
  • the dispensing devices (1 ) are aligned along a transverse direction (Z).
  • Said transverse direction (Z) is preferably horizontal and perpendicular to the main direction (X).
  • the dispensing bar allows to define a dispensing front extended along the direction of alignment of the dispensing devices, i.e. along the transverse direction (Z).
  • the dispensing front is an area on which the granular material is dispensed, which has a length, measured along the transverse direction (Z), substantially equal to the overall length of the free edges (30) of the drawers (3).
  • each dispensing device (1 ) comprises its own motor means (5) that can be activated independently of the motor means (5) of the other dispensers (1 ).
  • each dispenser (1 ) can be activated and controlled independently of the other dispensers.
  • the dispensing bar according to the present invention can be used to deposit the granular material, in a controlled manner, on an underlying surface or an underlying surface. Both the dispensing bar and the deposit surface of the product can be movable through suitable motors.
  • the dispensing bar may be used to deposit the granular material on a movable conveyor table, such as a conveyor belt.
  • the movable surface can be driven in motion along a conveying direction, while the dispensing device can be static or movable along a direction horizontal and perpendicular to the conveying direction of the movable surface, and possibly also along a direction parallel to the conveying direction of the movable surface.
  • the dispensing bar is static during operation.
  • the dispensing of the material by the dispensing bar on an underlying movable surface allows to create a layer of granular material, or, if the movable surface carries a layer of granular material already deposited by another device, to deposit on the surface of this layer already deposited a further layer of granular material, either continuous or discontinuous.
  • the independent activation of the individual dispensing devices (1 ) allows the layer deposited as a whole by the dispensing bar to be configured as desired, also making any decoration patterns or graphics, reproducing a model defined as desired.
  • the independent activation of the individual dispensing devices (1 ) allows to deposit either on the underlying movable surface or on the underlying surface of the granular material or on a surface of a ceramic support resting on the movable surface, a design representative of a digital image to be printed.
  • the independent activation of the dispensing devices (1 ) is implemented through a digital control, allowing to make on the support a design which is representative of a digital image to be printed.
  • a control processor is set up to carry out the digital control of the individual dispensing devices, so as to deposit the granular material, making a graphic or decoration.
  • the control processor is provided with an algorithm that allows to process an image of the decoration and obtain a series of activation and deactivation commands for each dispensing device (1 ), so that the overall material dispensed by the dispensing devices (1 ) is deposited, on the underlying surface, according to the graphic or pattern required.
  • Each activation and deactivation command produced by the control processor is transmitted to the motor means (5) of a specific dispensing device (1 ).
  • the control processor coordinates the various activation and deactivation commands between them, in order to make the expected pattern or graphic.
  • the overall layer obtained can be conveyed to a press, to be compacted and subsequently fired.
  • the dispensing bar according to the present invention could also be arranged downstream of the press, for depositing a further layer of granular material on an already pressed layer.
  • the dispensing bar comprises a support (6), with which two or more drawers (3) are associated.
  • Each drawer (3) is slidable on the support (3) along the main direction (X), independently of the other drawers (3).
  • Each drawer is slidable on the support (6) by means of its own guide (G).
  • the support (6) is substantially in the form of a plate, associable with a support structure not illustrated.
  • the drawers (3) are placed side by side and approached to one another, with the free edges (30) aligned along the transverse direction (Z). This makes it possible to create a particularly compact structure, thanks to which the dispensing front obtainable overall by the dispensing devices (1 ) associated with the bar is substantially continuous.
  • Each drawer (3) is also associated with its own motor means (5), and in particular with its own elastic sleeve (50).
  • the elastic sleeves (50) are all arranged on the same side of the drawers (3), so that they are parallel to each other and with the fittings (52) facing the same side of the dispensing bar.
  • each elastic sleeve (50) is associated with the bracket (61 ) solidly constrained to the support (6).
  • the bracket (61 ) in the case of the dispensing bar, is also unique for all the elastic sleeves (50).
  • the bracket (61 ) can be associated with a support structure not illustrated.
  • the dispensing bar further comprises a manifold (70), arranged above the hoppers (2).
  • the manifold (70) is placed in communication with the hoppers (2).
  • the hoppers (2) are arranged below the manifold (70), and have the upper opening in communication with the manifold (70).
  • the manifold (70) is delimited by a base plate (71 ), with which the hoppers (2) are associated, and two longitudinal sidewalls (72), which rise from the base plate (71 ) substantially parallel to each other.
  • the longitudinal sidewalls (72) are also substantially parallel to the transverse direction (Z).
  • the hoppers (2) have an inlet section (22) arranged through the base plate (71 ), turning the inlet opening towards the inside of the manifold (70).
  • the manifold (70) receives the material to be dispensed from a feeder not illustrated, known in the sector. From the manifold (70), the material to be dispensed flows through the hoppers (2) to reach the drawers (3). In this way, the manifold (70) facilitates the feeding of the material to be dispensed to the hoppers (2).
  • the dispensing device according to the present invention is particularly useful for allowing the implementation of a method for the production of ceramic tiles.
  • the method according to the present invention is particularly useful and effective in coordination with a series of known production steps comprising: a step of preparing a layer of base material, in granular or powdered form, provided or not provided with decorations; pressing the base layer; possibly applying decorative or protective layers on the base layer after pressing; firing the base layer.
  • the method according to the present invention allows to perfect the step of preparing the layer of base material, upstream and/or downstream of the pressing step.
  • the method according to the present invention provides a step of depositing a first layer of a first granular or powdered material on a support surface.
  • the first layer can be deposited, for example, by means of the device and the method described in publications IT102018000010925 and W02020121098 in the name of the Applicant, which are intended to be incorporated in the present description.
  • the first material comprises two or more components having different characteristics.
  • characteristics comprise for example, but are not limited to, colour, grain size, type of material.
  • the components can be deposited in a controlled manner, by arranging at least a first component according to veins distributed within a second component.
  • at least the first component is arranged according to veins that are arranged at least partially in the thickness of the first layer.
  • the device and the method described in publications IT102018000010925 and W02020121098 allow to control in an extremely accurate way the realization of veins according to a desired graphic, through the controlled deposit of two or more components on a support surface.
  • the method according to the present invention comprises a step of depositing, on the first layer, a second layer of a second granular or powdered material.
  • the second material comprises flakes or grains of grain size greater than about 2 mm.
  • the step of depositing a second layer is implemented in a controlled manner by means of a dispensing bar according to the present invention.
  • the second layer defines a second decoration (300) of the tile.
  • the dispensing device according to the present invention allows the precise and controlled dispensing of the material, both in quantity and in time.
  • the dispensing bar comprising a plurality of dispensing devices (1 ) according to the present invention, allows the material to be dispensed in a digitally controlled manner, as a function of a desired graphic.
  • This allows the second granular or powdered material to be deposited as a function of the veins made in the first layer.
  • the second material is deposited substantially on the veins made in the first layer.
  • the second layer could be deposited before and/or after the pressing step.
  • the first layer could be deposited entirely before or entirely after pressing, or it could be deposited partly before and partly after pressing.
  • Depositing partly before and partly after pressing can be carried out by means of two or more dispensing bars, arranged upstream and downstream of the press.
  • the second material deposited after the pressing step, forms reliefs of variable height with respect to the surface of the first layer. These reliefs may or may not be aligned, i.e. at least partially superimposed on the veins made in the first layer.
  • a ceramic tile provided with veins that extend in the thickness of the tile itself, and with surface reliefs that follow the course and arrangement of the veins. This allows to obtain an overall structural effect of the tile that is very similar to that of a natural material, be it, for example, a stone or wood.
  • the second material deposited before pressing is levelled, by the press, with respect to the surface of the first layer, so that the layer presents a substantially flat surface.
  • the second material contributes to making the veins reproduced in the first layer more evident.
  • the method then provides for firing the base layer, comprising the first and second layer described above.
  • the method according to the present invention comprises a further step, to be implemented before the firing step.
  • This further step provides for making and/or applying a surface layer on said second layer.
  • the surface layer comprises, for example, a graphic arranged as a function of the veins made in the first layer and/or as a function of the deposit of the second material.
  • the surface layer for example, is a ceramic glaze layer, which can be applied with an inkjet digital printer, known in the sector in various embodiments. Thanks to digital printing, it is possible to coordinate a graphic of the surface layer with the veins made in the first layer and/or with the graphic made with the deposit of the second material. In particular, it is possible to superimpose or align the graphic of the surface layer with the graphic, in relief or not in relief, made in the second layer by means of the dispensing bar according to the present invention.
  • the surface layer applied on the second layer in addition to increasing the surface resistance of the tile, accentuates and makes more evident the graphics made, especially the graphics in the form of veins in relief.
  • the method according to the present invention allows to produce ceramic tiles provided with programmable and settable graphic effects and surface structures with considerable precision, in order to reproduce, for example, the appearance of a natural stone, wood or other.
  • the possibility of dispensing flakes or grains of high grain size allows to accentuate the graphic effects and the surface structures made.
  • the method according to the present invention allows to produce a ceramic tile comprising a body (100), made of ceramic material, which has a thickness (S) delimited by a first face (110) and by a second face (120), substantially flat and parallel to one another;
  • the ceramic tile further comprises a first decoration (200), of a colour and/or tone different from the body (100), which extends at least partly in the thickness (S) of the body (100) and at least partly on one of the two faces (110,120);
  • the first decoration (200) is obtained by depositing the first layer of the method according to the present invention.
  • the ceramic tile according to the present invention also comprises a second decoration (300), applied on the first face (110).
  • the second decoration (300) is obtained by depositing the second layer of the method according to the present invention.
  • the first decoration (200) is made of a granular ceramic material or powder of grain size of less than 2 mm.
  • the second decoration (300) is made of a ceramic material in flakes or grains of grain size greater than 2 mm.
  • the second decoration (300) is obtainable thanks to the dispensing bar according to the present invention, which, as already underlined, allows to dispense flakes or grains of grain size greater than 2 mm in a precise and controllable manner.
  • the ceramic tile according to the present invention comprises a surface layer (400), comprising a surface decoration.
  • the surface layer (400) is applied, for example, by means of a digital inkjet printer.
  • the surface decoration is configured as a function of the second decoration (300) and/or of the first decoration (200).
  • the surface decoration is at least partly superimposed and/or aligned with the second decoration (300) and/or with the first decoration (200).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de distribution de matériaux granulaires en flocons ou en grains, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : une trémie (2) pourvue d'une ouverture inférieure d'évacuation (21) ; un tiroir (3) disposé sous l'ouverture d'évacuation (21) de la trémie (2), qui définit un espace de confinement et est pourvu d'un bord libre (30) permettant l'écoulement du matériau granulaire le long d'au moins une direction principale (X) ; une paroi transversale (4) reposant sur un plan transversal à la direction principale (X) et disposée au moins partiellement à l'intérieur du tiroir (3) ; des moyens moteurs (5) agencés pour mettre en œuvre un mouvement relatif alternatif le long de la direction principale (X) entre le tiroir (3) et la paroi transversale (4).
PCT/IB2024/055546 2023-06-13 2024-06-06 Distributeur d'un matériau en flocons ou en grains Ceased WO2024256930A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP24733761.1A EP4727740A2 (fr) 2023-06-13 2024-06-06 Distributeur d'un matériau en flocons ou en grains
CN202480037665.1A CN121263287A (zh) 2023-06-13 2024-06-06 用于片状或颗粒形式的材料的分配装置，使用该分配装置生产瓷砖的方法以及由此生产的瓷砖
MX2025014252A MX2025014252A (es) 2023-06-13 2025-11-27 Dispensador de un material en hojuelas o granos

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102023000012042 2023-06-13
IT202300012042 2023-06-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024256930A2 true WO2024256930A2 (fr) 2024-12-19
WO2024256930A3 WO2024256930A3 (fr) 2025-03-13

Family

ID=87889192

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2024/055546 Ceased WO2024256930A2 (fr) 2023-06-13 2024-06-06 Distributeur d'un matériau en flocons ou en grains

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4727740A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN121263287A (fr)
MX (1) MX2025014252A (fr)
WO (1) WO2024256930A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3800837A (en) * 1972-03-10 1974-04-02 E Pleus Machine for continuously filling containers
GB1560831A (en) * 1977-08-19 1980-02-13 Redland Roof Tiles Ltd Manufacture of tiles slabs bricks blocks and like articles
DE3171390D1 (en) * 1980-07-25 1985-08-22 Adams Engelbert Ing Method and apparatus for making a heat-insulated hollow block
US4925689A (en) * 1984-07-20 1990-05-15 Vroman Foods, Inc. Method for producing frozen confections
US4741460A (en) * 1985-04-18 1988-05-03 Nabisco Brands, Inc. Process and apparatus for dispensing a particulate solid
JPH0637047B2 (ja) * 1989-08-10 1994-05-18 株式会社三石深井鐵工所 粉末成形機の秤量式原料供給装置
JP2015015921A (ja) * 2013-07-10 2015-01-29 愛知電熱株式会社 粉体振りかけ装置
IT201700075495A1 (it) * 2017-07-05 2019-01-05 Sacmi Metodo e impianto per la realizzazione di prodotti ceramici
IT201900011025A1 (it) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-05 Sacmi Metodo ed apparato per la realizzazione di prodotti ceramici
PT4161747T (pt) * 2020-06-09 2026-03-16 System Ceramics S P A Método para realizar uma laje cerâmica
US20240391137A1 (en) * 2021-09-22 2024-11-28 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Decoration method and system for the decoration of a base ceramic article

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4727740A2 (fr) 2026-04-22
MX2025014252A (es) 2026-01-07
WO2024256930A3 (fr) 2025-03-13
CN121263287A (zh) 2026-01-02

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